| relationship between immune system and gram-negative bacteria. acid-treated salmonella minnesota r595 (re) enhances immune responsiveness in patients with gynecologic malignancies. | nine patients with gynecologic malignancies (six cervix, two endometrium and one ovary) were injected with acid-treated salmonella minnesota r595 (re). patients received a total of four injections (at increasing doses from 0.5 to 3 micrograms) every 2 weeks. all patients, before treatment, had a severe impairment of their immune system either of cell-mediated immunity (leukocyte inhibiting factor activity) or non-specific immunity (polymorphonuclear cell and/or monocyte-mediated phagocytosis and ... | 1986 | 3804533 |
| approaches to augmenting the immunogenicity of the ganglioside gm2 in mice: purified gm2 is superior to whole cells. | the gangliosides gm2, gd2, and gd3 are differentiation antigens largely restricted to cells of neuroectodermal origin. they are expressed on most melanomas, astrocytomas, and neuroblastomas and have been shown to function as effective targets for monoclonal antibodies. in previous studies, we have immunized melanoma patients and mice with a series of melanoma cell vaccines containing these antigens, but have observed only occasional antibody responses. we report here the results of experiments i ... | 1987 | 3805726 |
| lipopolysaccharide stimulation of plasmacytoma cells. | various preparations of lipopolysaccharides (lps) were tested for their effect on 6 plasma tumor cell lines. lps from escherichia coli b5:055, salmonella minnesota 1114, and r7 mutant, as well as the glycolipid from s. minnesota 595 were highly stimulatory on cell suspensions from solid transplantable plasma tumor cells mopc 315 and mpc11, as measured by thymidine incorporation and cell proliferation. even nanogram doses were effective. lps preparations from s. minnesota r5 and endotoxin-free ce ... | 1985 | 3855479 |
| biological activities of lipopolysaccharide fractionated by preparative acrylamide gel electrophoresis. | lipopolysaccharide from a smooth strain of salmonella minnesota was fractionated into two major fractions and one intermediate fraction by using sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. on the basis of the study by hitchcock and brown, it was deduced that the top fraction was mainly long o-side chain lps and the bottom fraction was o-side chain-less lps. the middle fraction was a mixture of both short o-side chain lps and o-side chain-less lps. the antigenic properties and biolo ... | 1985 | 3872989 |
| relationship between immune system and gram-negative bacteria. iv. t lymphocytes from lpsd mice possess binding site(s) for rb salmonella. | we have previously shown that salmonella minnesota r345 (rb) spontaneously binds to 50 to 55% of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). in the present study, we have compared rb cytoadherence to lymphoid cells from various tissues of lipopolysaccharide (lps) hyporesponsive (lpsd) and lps responsive (lpsn) mouse strains. a higher number of spleen cells from lpsd mice (c3h/hej and c57bl/10scn) bound rb bacteria (22 to 30%) than cells from lpsn mice (4 to 9%). rb bound mainly to t cells, ... | 1985 | 3876386 |
| evidence for direct binding of the first component of complement, c1, to outer membrane proteins from salmonella minnesota. | | 1985 | 3878768 |
| high-molecular-weight components in lipopolysaccharides of salmonella typhimurium, salmonella minnesota, and escherichia coli. | lipopolysaccharide from smooth strains of salmonella typhimurium, salmonella minnesota, and escherichia coli o111:b4, o55:b5, and o127:b8 was fractionated by gel filtration chromatography. all lipopolysaccharide samples separated into three major populations. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the fractions from s. typhimurium and s. minnesota indicated that the three peaks were made up of molecules with average o-antigen lengths of (i) 70 or more repeat units, (ii) 30 ... | 1985 | 3886631 |
| selective detection of 3-deoxymannooctulosonic acid in intact lipopolysaccharides by spin-echo 13c nmr. | the 3-deoxy-d-mannooctulosonic acid (kdo) region of lipopolysaccharides (lps) from the heptoseless mutant salmonella minnesota r595 and inner core and heptoseless mutants derived from escherichia coli k12 was studied by 13c nmr spectroscopy. a spin-echo spectral editing technique was employed for the selective detection of the quaternary anomeric carbon of ketosidically linked kdo. only two quaternary carbon resonances attributable to kdo were detected in the anomeric carbon spectral region of e ... | 1985 | 3902810 |
| bacterial lipopolysaccharide, phorbol myristate acetate, and muramyl dipeptide stimulate the expression of a human monocyte surface antigen, mo3e. | exposure of mononuclear phagocytes to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps), phorbol myristate acetate (pma), or muramyl dipeptide (mdp) is known to stimulate a variety of cellular activities that include increases in phagocytosis, oxidative metabolism, synthesis and secretion of monokines, and cytotoxicity of microbes and tumor cells. we now report that culture of human peripheral blood monocytes in medium containing lps, phorbol compounds, or mdp also results in the acquired expression of a plasm ... | 1985 | 3934269 |
| modulation of bone metabolism by two chemically distinct lipopolysaccharide fractions from bacteroides gingivalis. | two separate species of lipopolysaccharide (lps) from bacteroides gingivalis 381 have been isolated. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated not only the heterogeneity of each species, but also that they represented high- and low-molecular-weight lps entities. although both contained the same carbohydrate and fatty acid components, the proportions of these differed between the lps species. the direct effects of these two species in modulation of bone resorption and ... | 1986 | 3940999 |
| synthetic salmonella-type lipid a antigen with high serological specificity. | a synthetic compound (compound 516), beta(1-6)-linked d-glucosamine disaccharide 1,4'-bisphosphate, which is acylated by (r)-3-hexadecanoyloxytetradecanoyl, (r)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl, (r)-3-dodecanoyloxytetradecanoyl, and (r)-3-tetradecanoyloxytetradecanoyl groups at positions 2,3,2', and 3', respectively, exhibited in vitro antigenic reactivity of high specificity comparable to that of free lipid a from salmonella minnesota r595. this was confirmed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a ... | 1986 | 3941004 |
| immunotherapy of gram-negative bacterial sepsis. a single murine monoclonal antibody provides cross-genera protection. | previous experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated the ability of polyclonal antibody directed against the core lipopolysaccharide (lps)-lipid a component of endotoxin to reduce mortality. we sought to characterize the ability of a single murine monoclonal igg1 antibody (8a1 mab) to react to a variety of gram-negative microorganisms, to promote phagocytosis, and to provide protection during experimental murine sepsis. the 8a1 mab reacted to various gram-negative bacterial whole cell an ... | 1986 | 3942500 |
| endotoxin inactivating activity of rat serum. | the ability of rat serum to inactivate endotoxin (lps) was assessed with the aid of the limulus amebocyte lysate assay. following the addition of various amounts of endotoxin to normal serum the mixture was incubated for 1 hr at 37 degrees c and the residual endotoxin activity determined. one milliliter of rat serum inactivated between 5 and 10 micrograms escherichia coli lps per hour. heating serum for 45 min at 56 degrees c resulted in loss of 80-90% of the lps inhibitor (lpsi) activity. serum ... | 1986 | 3945619 |
| monophosphoryl lipid a obtained from lipopolysaccharides of salmonella minnesota r595. purification of the dimethyl derivative by high performance liquid chromatography and complete structural determination. | the monophosphoryl lipid a (mla) obtained from the lipopolysaccharides of salmonella minnesota r595 was fractionated on a silicic acid column to yield the heptaacyl, hexaacyl, and pentaacyl mla. each of these mlas was methylated with diazomethane to yield the dimethyl derivative and purified to homogeneity by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. the molecular ions obtained by positive ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of purified dimethyl heptaacyl mla allowed us to es ... | 1985 | 3988753 |
| effect of ph on turbidity and ultrastructures of endotoxins extracted from salmonella minnesota wild type and re mutant. | | 1985 | 3990586 |
| [binding of salmonella minnesota r 345 (rb) to human lymphocytes: useful method for enrichment of cells mediating antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity in the non-adherent fraction]. | | 1985 | 3991973 |
| uptake and subcellular localization of bacterial lipopolysaccharide in the adrenal gland. | for determination of the kinetics of uptake and subcellular localization of lipopolysaccharide (lps) from lps-high density lipoprotein (lps-hdl) complexes in the adrenal gland, lps-hdl complexes were isolated by immunoaffinity chromatography of 125i-salmonella minnesota re595 lps that had been incubated with 20 mm edta-rabbit plasma. after intravenous injection of lps-hdl complexes in rabbits, preferential uptake of the lps was observed in the adrenal, so that by 5 hours, adrenal-tissue-bound lp ... | 1985 | 4014444 |
| isolation and biological activities of limulus anticoagulant (anti-lps factor) which interacts with lipopolysaccharide (lps). | exposure of limulus hemocytes to bacterial endotoxins (lipopolysaccharide, lps) results in the activation of the intracellular clotting system, consisting of several protein components. during the separation of these components, a potent anticoagulant, named anti-lps factor, which inhibits the endotoxin-mediated activation of the coagulation cascade, was found in hemocytes from both tachypleus tridentatus and limulus polyphemus (tanaka, s., et al. (1982) biochem. biophys. res. commun. 105, 717-7 ... | 1985 | 4030741 |
| [biological activities of chemically-treated glycolipids from salmonella minnesota re-mutant]. | | 1985 | 4057552 |
| ganglioside modulation of lipopolysaccharide-initiated complement activation. | highly purified preparations of mouse gangliosides have been demonstrated to bind to purified preparations of lipopolysaccharide (lps). in some instances, the binding has been demonstrated to be dependent upon the presence of sialic acid in the ganglioside preparation. the binding of gangliosides to lps from the deep rough salmonella minnesota re mutant has suggested that the interaction involves the lipid a-2-keto-3-deoxyoctulosanate region of the lps macromolecule. the interaction between gang ... | 1985 | 4079939 |
| isolation and partial characterization of the extracellular polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides from fast-growing rhizobium japonicum usda 205 and its nod- mutant, hc205, which lacks the symbiotic plasmid. | the extracellular polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides (lpss) from two fast-growing rhizobium japonicum strains, usda 205 and hc205, were isolated and partially characterized. strain hc205 is a nod- mutant of usda 205 which lacks the symbiotic plasmid. the extracellular polysaccharides from both strains are very similar in composition, having galactose, glucose, glucuronic acid, and acyl groups. the extracellular polysaccharides do not contain detectable levels of pyruvate. methylation analys ... | 1985 | 4091554 |
| participation of lipopolysaccharide genes in the determination of the enterobacterial common antigen: analysis of r mutants of salmonella minnesota. | a series of r (rough) salmonella minnesota mutants with rfb, rfe, and rfa mutations leading to various defects in the biosynthesis of cell wall lipopolysaccharide was analyzed as to their enterobacterial common antigen (ca) content. all mutants that had functional rfe genes were ca(+) as is the wild-type parent. this includes mutants with the most defective lipopolysaccharide core types, demonstrating that core structures are not a necessary part of ca. all rfe(-) mutants (complete lipopolysacch ... | 1974 | 4137100 |
| comparison of the chemical structure and biological activities of the glycolipids of salmonella minnesota r595 and salmonella typhimurium sl1102. | it has been assumed in the past that the lipid moieties of endotoxic lipopolysaccharides are quite similar if not identical. this has been tested in the reported work here, where the chemical composition and biological activities of the glycolipids of two heptoseless re mutants, salmonella minnesota r595 and salmonella typhimurium sl1102, have been studied and compared. the two glycolipids, extracted with chloroform-methanol (4:1), showed identical thin-layer chromatographic patterns. the molar ... | 1974 | 4139122 |
| site of action of lipid a on mitochondria. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) of a number of gram-negative bacteria affected mitochondrial respiration and phosphorylation when it was preincubated with the mitochondrial suspension. the structural part responsible for this activity of lps is the lipid moiety (lipid a), because the lipid a prepared from either the lps of escherichia coli or the endotoxic glycolipid of a heptose-less mutant (r595) of salmonella minnesota affected mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation as did lps, whereas the polysacc ... | 1972 | 4263402 |
| [linkage of heptose units in the core polysaccharide of lipopolysaccharides from r-mutants of salmonella minnesota]. | | 1967 | 4297142 |
| the linkage of pyrophosphorylethanolamine to heptose in the core of salmonella minnesota lipopolysaccharides. | | 1971 | 4328124 |
| the linkage of phosphate groups and of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate to the lipid a component in a salmonella minnesota lipopolysaccharide. | | 1971 | 4328125 |
| growth of normal and transformed rat embryo fibroblasts: effects of glycolipids from salmonella minnesota r mutants. | addition of glycolipids obtained from salmonella minnesota r mutants to normal, spontaneously transformed, and sv40-transformed rat embryo fibroblasts in culture results in an inhibition of growth of transformed cells but not of normal cells. in the presence of the glycolipid with the smallest carbohydrate chain length, spontaneously transformed cells stop growing when they reach confluency. inhibition of growth of transformed cells is inversely related to the chain length of the core sugars. gl ... | 1973 | 4347975 |
| fixation of a salmonella minnesota r-form glycolipid on the membrane of normal and transformed rat-embryo fibroblasts. | | 1973 | 4354334 |
| collagenase production by endotoxin-activated macrophages. | peritoneal exudate macrophages, when exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide in culture, were found to produce collagenase (ec 3.4.24.3). this enzyme was not detected in extracts of the macrophages or in media from nonstimulated macrophage cultures. lipidcontaining fractions of the lipopolysaccharide, including a glycolipid from the rough mutant of salmonella minnesota (r595) and lipid a, were potent stimulators of collagenase production. the lipid-free polysaccharide fraction had no effect. cyc ... | 1974 | 4372628 |
| in vitro transformation of mouse bone-marrow-derived (b) lymphocytes induced by the lipid component of endotoxin. | an analysis of which component of lipopolysaccharide, the lipid or the polysaccharide, is mitogenic for mouse b-lymphocytes has been performed. a purified glycolipid derived from a rough mutant of salmonella minnesota (r595) that does not contain any o-polysaccharide at all is more mitogenic than an intact lipopolysaccharide derived from a smooth strain of s. minnesota. results using fractions produced by several different chemical modifications of whole lipopolysaccharide confirm this result. a ... | 1973 | 4581010 |
| bacteroidaceae in thromboembolic disease: effects of cell wall components on blood coagulation in vivo and in vitro. | the effects of bacteroides sp., fusobacterium mortiferum, bacteroides fragilis, and sphaerophorus necrophorus on various parameters of blood coagulation in vivo and in vitro were determined and compared to the coagulation effects of escherichia coli and salmonella minnesota, wild type and r595. intravenous injection of washed cells, culture filtrate, lipopolysaccharide, or lipid a of the anaerobic gram-negative microorganisms into mice resulted in acceleration of coagulation. lipopolysaccharide ... | 1973 | 4594118 |
| protection against gram-negative infections with antiserum to lipid a from salmonella minnesota r595. | the ability of antisera to lipid a, induced in rabbits by immunization with lipid a complexed to various carriers, to protect mice against gram-negative infection and to inhibit the fluid loss caused by an enteropathogenic strain of escherichia coli in the piglet ligated gut was investigated. no significant protection was obtained in either case, although passive hemolysis and quantitative precipitation tests showed the presence of antilipid a antibodies in the sera. fluorescent antibody studies ... | 1974 | 4611919 |
| heterogeneity of the haemagglutinin responses to salmonella minnesota r-antigens in rabbits. | | 1972 | 4647468 |
| heterogeneity and biological activity of endotoxic glycolipid from salmonella minnesota r595. | | 1973 | 4719691 |
| molecular models on the insertion of a salmonella minnesota r-form glycolipid into the cell membrane of normal and transformed cells. | | 1973 | 4738391 |
| genetic analysis of salmonella minnesota r mutants with defects in the biosynthesis of the lipopolysaccharide core. | a set of r (rough) mutants, in which the synthesis of the cell wall lipopolysaccharide is defective, were analyzed genetically. these same salmonella minnesota mutants have been used extensively in biochemical studies. by combining the information from all these studies, we obtained a complete genetic description of many of these mutants. most of them turned out to be double rfe rfa mutants in which the rfe mutation (close to ilv) accounts for inability to synthesize o-specific structures and th ... | 1974 | 4852148 |
| endotoxic glycolipid from a heptoseless mutant of salmonella minnesota. | the endotoxin of a heptoseless mutant of salmonella minnesota r595 was extracted with phenol-water. most of this material was found distributed in the insoluble fraction of the extract. the results showed that the r595 endotoxin behaved as a lipid rather than as a lipopolysaccharide (lps). the preparation, although it does not contain o-specific polysaccharides, does contain 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid (kdo), hexosamine, and several other unidentified compounds. therefore, the term "glycolipid" i ... | 1967 | 4965363 |
| studies on the structure of lipopolysaccharides of salmonella minnesota and salmonella typhimurium r strains. | 1. the composition of the lipopolysaccharides and the corresponding lipid-free polysaccharides from four r-mutants of salmonella has been studied. all the lipopolysaccharides, from ri and rii serotypes contained d-glucose, d-galactose, heptose, n-acetylglucosamine and 3-deoxy-2-oxo-octonate. the polysaccharide obtained from the rii lipopolysaccharides also contained all these sugars. the polysaccharides from ri lipopolysaccharides lacked n-acetylglucosamine. 2. from partial hydrolysates of the l ... | 1965 | 5320030 |
| [studies of the typing of salmonella r forms. i. microbiological and serological studies of salmonella minnesota mutants]. | | 1969 | 5392720 |
| antibody responses in rabbits to salmonella minnesota r-mutants. | | 1971 | 5560789 |
| interactions of the complement system with endotoxins from a salmonella minnesota mutant deficient in o-polysaccharide and heptose. | | 1968 | 5635624 |
| sensitivity of rough gram-negative bacteria to the bactericidal action of serum. | three salmonella minnesota rough mutants were found to be more sensitive to the bactericidal action of antibody and complement than was the parent smooth strain. the antibodies involved were shown to be against components which are all present in the smooth parent strain and are not identical with the lipopolysaccharides isolated by the phenol-water extraction procedure. the lipopolysaccharide of the smooth strain was shown to confer resistance by blocking access of antibody to the sensitive ant ... | 1968 | 5650074 |
| [antibiotic sensitivity in s- and r-forms of salmonella minnesota]. | | 1968 | 5725584 |
| studies of a receptor for felix o-1 phage in salmonella minnesota. | | 1967 | 6038891 |
| [a new group of salmonella r mutants. serologic and biochemical analysis of the heptoses from the lipopolysaccharides from salmonella minnesota and salmonella ruiru mutants]. | | 1967 | 6061955 |
| [comparative studies on the biosynthesis of nucleotide sugars in s and r forms of salmonella minnesota and salmonella ruiru]. | | 1967 | 6061956 |
| addition of perchloric acid to blood samples for colorimetric limulus test using chromogenic substrate: comparison with conventional procedures and clinical applications. | preexposure of blood samples to perchloric acid permitted an accurate, quantitative measurement of endotoxin levels as low as 1 pg/ml using a colorimetric limulus test. conventional chloroform and dilution-heating methods were unsatisfactory because of high residual nonspecific amidolytic activity and poor recovery. the normal peripheral plasma endotoxin level was less than 10 pg/ml when escherichia coli 0111:b4 endotoxin was used as a reference. one nanogram in this assay was equivalent to 2.9 ... | 1984 | 6088654 |
| interferon-inducing activity of salmonella minnesota re glycolipid--anti-glycolipid immune complexes. | immune complexes formed from salmonella minnesota re glycolipid (gl) and its derivative dmso-gl with homologous antibodies exhibited stronger interferon (ifn)-inducing activity than the free gl (4- to 32-fold increase and 8- to 64-fold increase respectively). this effect was found dose-dependent. | 1983 | 6133436 |
| association with hela cells of lps mutants of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella minnesota in relation to their physicochemical surface properties. | different lps mutants of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella minnesota have been investigated with respect to (1) their tendency to associate with hela cell monolayers, and (2) their physicochemical surface properties. aqueous biphasic partitioning, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, and ion exchange chromatography have been used to characterize the bacterial cell surface properties with respect to charge and hydrophobicity. liability to hydrophobic interaction was defined either by the c ... | 1980 | 6159092 |
| monoclonal antibody analysis of lipopolysaccharide from neisseria gonorrhoeae and neisseria meningitidis. | a hybridoma produced by the polyethylene glycol fusion of the ns-1 variant of the p3x63ag8 balb/c plasmacytoma to splenocytes harvested from a balb/c mouse immunized with whole gonococci was found to be producing antibody to a common region on gonococcal lipopolysaccharide (lps). enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay inhibition systems were established by utilizing this antibody, designated 3f11, and 100% inhibition occurred with both lps and the lps-lps and lps-derived polysaccharides partially inh ... | 1981 | 6174450 |
| immunization with rough mutants of salmonella minnesota. iv. protection by antisera to o and rough antigens against endotoxin. | the protection by antisera to o antigens and antigens (lipid a, the re 595 mutant of salmonella minnesota, and the j5 mutant of escherichia coli) of the core portion of endotoxin against lethal challenge with lipopolysaccharide (lps) was compared. rabbits immunized with the re mutant developed antibody that protected mice against challenge with s. minnesota or salmonella typhosa lps. antisera to heterologous o antigen and lipid a were not protective, whereas homologous antisera and antiserum to ... | 1983 | 6185599 |
| common lipopolysaccharide specificity: new type of antigen residing in the inner core region of s- and r-form lipopolysaccharides from different families of gram-negative bacteria. | a new antigenic specificity, referred to here as common lipopolysaccharide (lps) specificity, is described in the lpss of gram-negative bacteria belonging to various families. the specificity is present in s- and r-form lps but absent in re mutants of different enterobacterial genera. by the use of purified lps and monospecific antibodies obtained by immunoabsorption, the specificity is differentiated from the known core specificities of the genus salmonella and the lipid a specificity by aid of ... | 1983 | 6194116 |
| chemical and ultrastructural comparison of endotoxins extracted from salmonella minnesota wild type and r mutants. | endotoxic lipopolysaccharide and glycolipids ( rgl ) extracted from salmonella minnesota wild type and r mutant cells ( chemotypes ra, rb, rc, rd1, and rd2 ), respectively, with hot phenol-water (pw) and phenol-chloroform-petroleum ether (pcp) were analyzed chemically and electron microscopically. all rgl extracted with pw ( rgl -pw) contained excess amounts of phosphate, o-ester linked fatty acids and neutral sugars, while all rgl extracted with pcp ( rgl -pcp) contained excess amounts of free ... | 1984 | 6203017 |
| induction of prostaglandin synthesis-dependent suppressor cells with endotoxin: occurrence in patients with thermal injuries. | the induction of lymphocyte suppressor activity with bacterial endotoxin is well documented. while most of the evidence has been obtained using animal models and has required large doses of endotoxin, we have demonstrated that additions of as little as 1.0 ng of chromatographically purified endotoxin [from escherichia coli 055:b5, e. coli 0111:b4, pseudomonas aeruginosa (fisher-devlin immunotype 1), serratia marcescens, or salmonella minnesota] to human mixed lymphocyte or to mitogen-stimulated ... | 1983 | 6222063 |
| calmodulin content and activity of ca2+-atpase and phospholipase a2 in rat kupffer cells. | a protein resembling calmodulin was isolated from non-parenchymal and parenchymal cells of rat liver by affinity chromatography. the biological activity of the purified protein was assessed by the bovine brain camp phosphodiesterase assay. a highly sensitive radioimmunoassay as well as the camp phosphodiesterase method were employed to determine the calmodulin content of crude extracts from monolayer cultures of rat kupffer cells and hepatocytes. an atp-dependent, calmodulin-enhanced calcium tra ... | 1984 | 6231183 |
| relationship between immune system and gram-negative bacteria. ii. natural killer cytotoxicity of salmonella minnesota rb 345-unbound human peripheral blood lymphocytes. | spontaneous binding of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) to bacteria represents a promising approach for the characterization of lymphocyte subsets mediating different functions. in the light of previous findings on the high degree of spontaneous adherence of s. minnesota rb cells to pbl, we have evaluated the natural killer (nk) cytotoxicity of pbl subpopulations that fail to bind to rb bacteria. the s. minnesota rb-unbound cell fraction exhibits higher levels of cytotoxic capacity, whic ... | 1984 | 6234358 |
| polymyxin b suppresses the endotoxin inhibition of concanavalin a-mediated erythrocyte agglutination. | the lectin agglutinability of human erythrocytes has been utilized to examine interactions of gram-negative endotoxin with mammalian cell plasma membranes. erythrocytes treated in buffer with escherichia coli 0127:b8 lipopolysaccharide (lps) or salmonella minnesota re595 glycolipid for 1 h became resistant to agglutination by the lectin concanavalin a (cona) in buffer free of lps or glycolipid. polymyxin b, a cationic cyclic lipopeptide which specifically binds to the lipid a toxophore, was test ... | 1982 | 6276306 |
| suppression of acth-induced steroidogenesis by supernatants from lps-treated peritoneal exudate macrophages. | the results from a number of clinical and experimental studies have suggested that during endotoxemia, suppression of adrenocortical steroidogenesis may occur. we have examined the possibility that macrophages are the source of a factor that suppresses adrenocortical steroidogenesis. resident and peptone-elicited peritoneal exudate macrophages (pem) from c3heb/fej mice were incubated for 4 hr at 37 degrees c in the presence or absence of t cell hybridoma-derived lymphokine (lk) that contained hi ... | 1983 | 6304189 |
| control of lipopolysaccharide-high density lipoprotein binding by acute phase protein(s). | when salmonella minnesota r595 lipopolysaccharide (lps) is mixed with serum, the lps eventually forms a complex with high density lipoprotein (hdl). complex formation is conveniently followed by cscl equilibrium density gradient centrifugation. when mixing 10 micrograms lps with normal rabbit serum (nrs) at 37 degrees c in the presence of 20 mm edta, the half-life for lps binding to hdl is typically 2 to 3 min. when the same experiment is performed with the use of acute phase rabbit serum (aprs; ... | 1983 | 6311900 |
| electron microscopic study showing antibody-independent binding of c1q, a subcomponent of the first component of complement, to serum-sensitive salmonellae. | effective serum-mediated killing of sensitive gram-negative bacteria requires all the complement components. in the preimmune phase the antibody-independent interaction of the first component of complement, c1, with the bacteria might be especially important. electron microscopic studies showed that the c1 subcomponent c1q binds only to the serum-sensitive r form of salmonella minnesota and not to the serum-resistant s form. | 1984 | 6332078 |
| modulation of macrophage ia-expression by lipopolysaccharide. i. induction of ia expression in vivo. | experiments were performed to analyze the modulation of macrophage ia expression and biosynthesis by salmonella minnesota-derived lipopolysaccharide (lps) in vivo. the i.p. injection of lps into lps-responder mice caused a dramatic increase in the ia expression of the peritoneal macrophage population harvested 1 wk after injection. as little as 1 ng of lipid-rich re595 lps per mouse caused a significant i-ak increase, and 1 microgram was optimal; wild-type s. minnesota lps was less active. no i- ... | 1984 | 6332135 |
| studies on the mechanism of bacterial resistance to complement-mediated killing. vi. igg increases the bactericidal efficiency of c5b-9 for e. coli 0111b4 by acting at a step before c5 cleavage. | our previous experiments showed that immune igg and f(ab')2, but not fab', mediated serum killing of escherichia coli 0111b4, strain 12015 (12015), without significantly increasing the extent of terminal complement (c) component attachment to the bacterial surface. we concluded that bactericidal antibody must change either the site or the nature of c5b-9 bacterial attachment. to pursue this possibility, conditions necessary for elution of c5b-9 from the bacterial surface were examined. forty-two ... | 1983 | 6355297 |
| lipid a fractions analyzed by a technique involving thin-layer chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), with alkaline phosphatase as enzyme, was used for the study of antigenicity of lipid a fractions directly on thin-layer chromatographic (tlc) plates. for visualization a gel slab containing the enzyme substrate was placed on the plate containing enzyme-conjugated antibodies. the plate was read by a thin-layer chromatogram spectrophotometer. the immunoassay was both highly specific and quite sensitive. sensitivity was superior to levels obtain ... | 1984 | 6365543 |
| ocular localization of circulating bacterial lipopolysaccharide. | a bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) extracted from a rough strain of salmonella minnesota ( re595 ) containing primarily lipid a was used to study tissue distribution following its intravenous injection in rabbits. for this purpose, the re595 was either labelled with 125iodine (125i) and localization quantitated by gamma radiation spectrometry and radioautography of different tissues or a fluorescein labelled antibody to re595 was employed. localization of [125i]- re595 or lps was looked for at ... | 1984 | 6373334 |
| monoclonal antibodies specific for escherichia coli j5 lipopolysaccharide: cross-reaction with other gram-negative bacterial species. | four monoclonal antibodies against escherichia coli j5 were studied. each of these monoclonal antibodies reacted with purified lipopolysaccharides from e. coli j5, the deep rough mutant salmonella minnesota re595, agrobacterium tumefaciens, and pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 as well as with the purified lipid a of p. aeruginosa. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using the outer membranes from a variety of gram-negative bacteria demonstrated that these lipid a-specific monoclonal antibodies interac ... | 1984 | 6381310 |
| lipid a and immunotherapy. | endotoxin isolated from re mutants of salmonella typhimurium or salmonella minnesota and consisting only of 3-deoxy-d-mannooctulosonic acid (kdo) and lipid a synergistically enhances the ability of mycobacterial cell wall skeleton (cws) to regress transplantable, line-10 tumor (hepatocellular carcinoma) in syngeneic guinea pigs. tumor regression is rapid, and systemic tumor immunity concomitantly develops when as little as 50 micrograms of each of these two components is combined and injected in ... | 1984 | 6382555 |
| relationship between immune system and gram negative bacteria. i. spontaneous binding of smooth and rough salmonella to human peripheral blood lymphocytes. | over the past years many reports have emphasized that either gram positive or gram negative bacteria possess the ability to bind spontaneously to human peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl). here, bacterial binding to human pbl has been studied by using a smooth (s) salmonella typhimurium lt-2 and two rough (r) mutants of salmonella minnesota r 345 (rb) and r 595 (re), which possess specific deletions in their lipopolysaccharide (lps) molecule. our results provide evidence that all three bacterial ... | 1984 | 6383666 |
| heterogeneity of lipid a: comparison of lipid a types from different gram-negative bacteria. | chloroform-soluble purified lipid a preparations from 10 sources, including five escherichia coli strains (eh100, k-12, o127, o111, rcdc), two salmonella strains (salmonella typhimurium, salmonella minnesota r595), shigella sonnei ii, and a hybrid of shigella flexneri and e. coli k-12, were compared with lipid a from s. flexneri. purified lipid a from s. flexneri was earlier found to be composed of eight fractions. the various lipid a preparations were assayed by thin-layer chromatography. chrom ... | 1984 | 6384185 |
| isolation of adenosine 5'-diphosphate-l-glycero-d-mannoheptose, the assumed substrate of heptose transferase(s), from salmonella minnesota r595 and shigella sonnei re mutants. | from heptose transferase-less re mutants of salmonella minnesota and shigella sonnei, a mixture of nucleotide-linked heptoses was isolated. after paper chromatography in different solvent systems, adp derivatives of d-glycero-d-mannoheptose and l-glycero-d-mannoheptose could be isolated in pure form. the structure of adp-l-glycero-d-mannoheptose was verified by analytical methods and by transformation of adp-d-glycero-d-mannoheptose with adp-d-glycero-d-mannoheptose-6-epimerase. | 1984 | 6384216 |
| enzyme immunoassay for the quantitation of human immunoglobulin g specific for the glycolipid of enterobacteriaceae. | an enzyme immunoassay (eia) is reported that quantitates human immunoglobulin (ig)g specific for the glycolipid (re-gl) of salmonella minnesota re 595. re-gl was adsorbed to polystyrene microcuvettes, and 100 microliters of appropriately diluted lots of human plasma or affinity-purified rabbit anti-re-gl igg was added to the cuvettes. the cuvettes were incubated, washed, and then reacted with staphylococcus aureus protein a-peroxidase. after a final wash the substrate 2,2'-azino-di(3-ethylbenzth ... | 1984 | 6386298 |
| difference in susceptibility to gram-negative urinary tract infection between c3h/hej and c3h/hen mice. | the difference in susceptibility to urinary tract infection between c3h/hej and c3h/hen mice was tested for with gram-negative strains differing in lipopolysaccharide composition. recently, impaired clearance of escherichia coli from the kidney of c3h/hej compared to c3h/hen mice was shown to be correlated with the lps low responsiveness. in this study, a difference in clearance from the kidneys of c3h/hej and c3h/hen mice was found only with lipopolysaccharide-containing bacteria. gram-positive ... | 1984 | 6389367 |
| phase-i study of intravenous modified lipid a. | endotoxin and the lipid-a portion of the molecule have a variety of biological effects, including the induction of necrosis and regression of malignancy. to date extensive clinical trials of endotoxin as a potential therapeutic agent have been shunned due to the toxicity of the material. several lipid-a analogues have been described which have reduced toxicity and retain antitumor activity. we have investigated in a phase-i trial the clinical toxicity and immunological effects of monophosphoryl ... | 1984 | 6391653 |
| the role of heparin in guinea pig gram negative bacterial sepsis. | the ability of antibody directed against shared antigenic determinants of gram negative organisms to protect against a challenge of diverse gram negative bacterial species remains controversial in the experimental setting. attention has focused, however, on the use as immunogens of rough mutants of escherichia coli and salmonella minnesota, which express a portion of core lipopolysaccharide (lps) extensively on their cell surface. core lps is a structure present on the outer membrane of most, if ... | 1983 | 6405100 |
| [evaluation of the immunological activity of a vaccine from mutant salmonella minnesota r 595 on a model of experimental pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in mice]. | the comparative study of heated corpuscular vaccines prepared from s. minnesota mutant r 595 with defective lipopolysaccharide (lps), chemotype re, derived from s. minnesota strain sf 1111 with unchanged lps, and from p. aeruginosa strain pa 103, was carried out. in contrast to the vaccine from s. minnesota strain sf 1111, the vaccine prepared from the mutant with chemotype re induced the development of cell-mediated and humoral immunity to p. aeruginosa, and its immunogenicity was close to that ... | 1983 | 6408854 |
| [effects of photochemical smog from a flow reactor on bacteria. ii. determination of bactericidal components in photochemical smog]. | the mixture of substances in the photochemical smog could be detected by different reduction rates of exposed bacteria. beside ozone other products of the ozone/olefine-reaction could reduce the survival of exposed bacteria. for staph. epidermidis a toxic influence from the reaction products could be found only after uv-irradiation. the main components were aldehydes, hydrocarbons, radicals, peroxiradicals and radicaloxides. for peroxiacetylnitrate (pan) no bactericidal effect could be found for ... | 1983 | 6422677 |
| enhancement of endotoxicity and reactivity with carbocyanine dye by sonication of lipopolysaccharide. | the specificity of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, lps) in the carbocyanine dye reaction was investigated, and then a stoichiometric study of the dye-lps interaction was conducted with attention to the relationship of biological activities of lps to the reactivity with the dye. absorption maxima of some bacterial components in the dye reaction were as follows; lps from both escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa and lipid a from e. coli lps, 465 nm; shigella flexneri lps, 460 nm; salmonella ... | 1984 | 6442756 |
| concepts of the chemical structure of lipid a. | lipid a represents the covalently bound lipid component of lipopolysaccharides (lps), the endotoxins and o antigens of gram-negative bacteria. lipid a's of endotoxically active lps consist of a beta(1'----6)-linked d-glucosamine disaccharide that carries phosphoryl groups in positions 1 and 4'. depending on the origin of lipid a, nonacylated, nitrogen-containing residues may be bound to these phosphoryl groups. as shown in enterobacterial lipid a's, available hydroxyl groups of the d-glucosamine ... | 1984 | 6474002 |
| structural studies on the lipid a component of enterobacterial lipopolysaccharides by laser desorption mass spectrometry. location of acyl groups at the lipid a backbone. | in the present paper laser desorption mass spectrometry (ldms) was applied to dephosphorylated free lipid a preparations obtained from lipopolysaccharides of re mutants of salmonella minnesota, escherichia coli and proteus mirabilis. the purpose of this study was to elucidate the location of (r)-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid and 3-o-acylated (r)-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid residues which are bound to amino and hydroxyl groups of the glucosamine disaccharide backbone of lipid a. based on the previo ... | 1984 | 6510414 |
| hepatocellular clearance function of bacterial lipopolysaccharides and free lipid a in mice with endotoxic shock. | hepatic uptake of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (lps) in defined salt forms and free lipid a was studied in c3h mice. extracts of 14c-labeled and unlabeled lps from salmonella abortus equi and lipid a from salmonella minnesota r 595 (re) were administered intravenously in doses sufficient to induce endotoxic shock. sixty minutes after administration of 14c-lps, 40% of the total activity was found in the liver tissue, 10% was in the isolated nonparenchymal cells, and only 1% was in the isolated h ... | 1984 | 6517983 |
| hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme system and endotoxin tolerance: structural requirement of lps in induction of an early tolerance. | the alteration of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activities in mice given salmonella endotoxin by single or multiple intraperitoneal injections was investigated. an essentially the same biphasic, early and late phase, endotoxin tolerance was observed in the animals receiving a single injection of endotoxin or repetitive daily injections. the results of reciprocal cross tolerance tests using lipopolysaccharide and free lipid a preparations derived from salmonella minnesota, salmonella typhimuri ... | 1984 | 6521669 |
| analysis of lipid a from salmonella minnesota r595 lipopolysaccharide by chemical methods and nuclear magnetic resonance. | modifications were introduced in established chemical methods in an attempt to develop reliable means of analysis of lipid a from salmonella minnesota r595 lipopolysaccharide. modified hydrolysis conditions led to an estimate of glucosamine content that was significantly higher than established values. this estimate is consistent with the amount of amide-linked fatty acid determined from kinetic studies of fatty acid release and with the presently accepted number of 3-deoxy-d-mannooctulosonic ac ... | 1984 | 6540891 |
| alpha-2----4-interlinked 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid disaccharide. a common constituent of enterobacterial lipopolysaccharides. | after mild acid hydrolysis, a disaccharide of 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid (docla) was obtained from re-mutant lipopolysaccharide of salmonella minnesota, salmonella godesberg, proteus mirabilis, and escherichia coli, and from the lipopolysaccharide of an s. minnesota rb2 mutant. combined gas-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry of the reduced and permethylated derivatives indicated that the disaccharide is interlinked by a 2----4-glycosidic bond in all lipopolysaccharides tested. in addi ... | 1984 | 6548705 |
| the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharides on the biosynthesis and release of proteoglycans from calf articular cartilage cultures. | organ cultures of bovine articular cartilage from metacarpophalangeal joints of calf maintain steady state metabolism of cartilage proteoglycans over the course of several weeks. bacterial lipopolysaccharides (lps) depress biosynthesis of proteoglycans in such cultures to approximately 60% of control values after 1-2 days of treatment. a glycolipid from the salmonella minnesota re 595 mutant, which lacks the polysaccharide chains of lps, also depresses proteoglycan synthesis. if lps is removed f ... | 1984 | 6586723 |
| nontoxic lipopolysaccharide from rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides atcc 17023. | chemical analysis of the lipopolysaccharide from rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides atcc 17023, isolated by the phenol-chloroform-petroleum ether method, revealed the presence of glucuronic acid, 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate, threonine, and phosphorus in the polysaccharide moiety. the lipid a component contained glucosamine, glucosamine phosphate, amide-bound 3-oxotetradecanoic acid and 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid, and ester-bound 3-hydroxydecanoic acid and 7-tetradecenoic acid. structural similarity of the ... | 1983 | 6602801 |
| [protective action of a vaccine made from salmonella minnesota r 595 in the intranasal infection of mice with p. aeruginosa]. | the comparative study of heated corpuscular vaccines prepared from s. minnesota mutant r 595, chemotype re, from s. minnesota strain sf 1111 with defective lipopolysaccharide and from p. aeruginosa strain pa 103 has been carried out. the vaccine prepared from the chemotype re mutant, in contrast to the vaccine prepared from s. minnesota strain sf 1111, has been found to induce the development of active immunity (and the corresponding antiserum, passive immunity) to p. aeruginosa introduced intra ... | 1983 | 6624314 |
| physicochemical surface properties and phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leucocytes of different serogroups of salmonella. | salmonella isolates belonging to different serogroups have been analysed with respect to physicochemical surface properties and interaction with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes (pmns). most (22/34) recent isolates of the different serotypes showed hydrophilic surface properties and little if any negative charge accompanied by resistance to phagocytosis by pmn similar to the old laboratory s strains salmonella typhimurium 395ms and salmonella minnesota s99 (main group). however, all isolates ... | 1983 | 6655456 |
| differential determination of the 3-deoxy-d-mannooctulosonic acid residues in lipopolysaccharides of salmonella minnesota rough mutants. | | 1983 | 6682035 |
| isolation of a 3-deoxy-d-mannooctulosonic acid disaccharide from salmonella minnesota rough-form lipopolysaccharides. | lipopolysaccharides of salmonella minnesota rough mutants were treated with 20 mm acetate buffer ph 4.4 at 70 degrees c/3 h. after dialysis of the hydrolysates about one third of the total 3-deoxy-d-mannooctulosonic acid (docla) content but no neutral sugars were found in the dialysate. by high-voltage paper electrophoresis, a compound with the mobility of 1.2 relative to docla could be isolated from the dialysate. it was identified as a docla disaccharide by hydrolysis without or after reductio ... | 1983 | 6682036 |
| lipopolysaccharide interaction with rabbit erythrocyte membranes. | in this study we have characterized the association of a polysaccharide-deficient, lipid-rich lipopolysaccharide (lps) with rabbit erythrocytes (rarbc). with polymyxin b sulfate-mediated hemolysis as a probe, we have shown that salmonella minnesota r595 lps interacts with rarbc in two distinguishable steps. the first step whereby rarbc exposed to lps are rendered sensitive to polymyxin b-initiated lysis probably represents absorption of lps to the rarbc membrane. we investigated two possible mec ... | 1984 | 6693170 |
| naturally occurring pasteurellosis in laboratory rabbits: chemical and serological studies of whole cells and lipopolysaccharides of pasteurella multocida. | whole cells and lipopolysaccharides (lps) of 10 isolates of pasteurella multocida from laboratory rabbits were subjected to chemical and serological analysis. lps of most of these isolates possessed pyrogenic potency comparable to lps from salmonella minnesota 9700, although their average ketodeoxyoctonate content was only 18% of that of salmonella. a gel diffusion precipitin test for somatic antigens extracted in a formal-saline solution demonstrated several isolates with three to four somatic ... | 1984 | 6715048 |
| chemical and ultrastructural differences in endotoxic glycolipids from salmonella minnesota re mutant extracted with various solvent systems. | endotoxic glycolipids ( regl ) extracted from the whole cells (wc) and cell walls of heptose-less re mutant of salmonella minnesota with hot phenol-water (pw), phenol-chloroform-petroleum ether (pcp), and chloroform-methanol (cm) were analyzed chemically and examined with an electron microscope. regl -pw-(wc) contained mannose and proteins as contaminants, regl -pcp(wc) consisted of an excess amount of amino compound (cadaverine), and regl -pcp(wc) consisted of proteins and cadaverine, in additi ... | 1984 | 6727715 |
| electron microscopic studies of endotoxins treated with alkaline and acid reagents. | endotoxins extracted from salmonella minnesota wild strain and r mutants (ra to re) were treated with two different alkaline reagents. treatment with diluted sodium hydroxide, which caused partial removal of o-ester linked fatty acids, changed the ultrastructures of endotoxins from an onion-like structure to monolayer particles (approximately 100 a in diameter) except for endotoxic glycolipids from rd2 and re mutants which showed mixed ultrastructures of untreated and treated endotoxins. treatme ... | 1984 | 6727716 |
| [immunological activity and toxicity of a peroral vaccine made from mutant re salmonella minnesota]. | the possibility of the oral use of heated corpuscular vaccine prepared from s. minnesota mutant r 595 (chemotype re) for protection against pseudomonas aeruginosa has been studied. oral immunization in 3 doses, each containing 10(9) cells of the vaccine strain, has been shown to protect mice from death after the intravenous injection of p. aeruginosa culture in a dose of 5 ld50 and induce a rise in the titers of antibodies to re-glycolipid (re-hemagglutinins). after multiple oral administration ... | 1984 | 6730810 |
| properties and requirements for production of a macrophage product which suppresses steroid production by adrenocortical cells. | lipopolysaccharide-treated murine peritoneal exudate macrophages (pem) release a factor or factors into the supernatant that suppress adrenocorticotropic hormone-induced steroidogenesis in explanted rabbit adrenocortical cells (j. c. mathison et al., j. immunol. 130:2757-2762, 1983). to determine the requirements for suppression, pem supernatants (30 microliters) were added to explanted rabbit adrenocortical cells in a final volume of 120 microliters with 10 mu of adrenocorticotropic hormone per ... | 1984 | 6746095 |
| requirement for an additional serum factor essential for the antibody-independent activation of the classical complement sequence by gram-negative bacteria. | killing of salmonella minnesota and salmonella typhimurium s and r strains in serum of nonimmune humans and guinea pigs was drastically reduced in the selective absence of c1q, c1r, ca2+, c4, or c2, the components of the classical complement pathway. binding of c1 and c1q to the s form and six different core-deficient r mutant strains became stronger the shorter the lipopolysaccharide molecule. c1 and c1q had, under physiological conditions, no affinity to the serum-resistant s forms, whereas th ... | 1982 | 6752030 |
| passive protection against heterologous gram-negative bacteria mediated by antiserum to epimeraseless rc mutant of salmonella minnesota. | antiserum to the epimeraseless rc mutant of salmonella minnesota was prepared by immunization of rabbits. the antiserum provided good protection in mice i.p. challenged with 125 and 25 ld50 doses of live heterologous gram-negative bacteria i. e. s. typhimurium, escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa. the protection against klebsiella pneumoniae was negligible. pre-immune rabbit serum produced only marginal protection. the protective effect of s. minnesota rc antibodies was entirely abolishe ... | 1982 | 6760795 |
| killing of the s and re forms of salmonella minnesota via the classical pathway of complement activation in guinea-pig and human sera. | the s (wildtype) and re form (heptose-deficient, core-defective mutant) of salmonella minnesota were killed by treatment with normal guinea-pig serum (gps). using c4-deficient gps and serum containing 0.02 m ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethylether)-tetraacetic acid and 0.02 m mgcl2 (egta-mg2+) a reduced killing rate was observed. in normal gps diluted 1:10 containing 0.02 m egta-mg2+ or in c4-deficient gps diluted 1:10 no killing occurred, whereas the same serum dilution without egta-mg2+ showe ... | 1980 | 6776034 |
| radioimmunoassay for detection of igg antibodies against enterobacterial antigens. | the rough mutant of salmonella minnesota (re 595) contains several broad reacting antigens including a core lps common to many aerobic gram-negative bacteria without sugars that confer serotype specificity to most gram-negative bacteria. therefore, antibodies against this organism can be evoked by a large number of gram-negative bacteria. using radioimmunoassay methods, sera from 59 patients with bacteremia due to enterobacteriaceae had higher concentrations of igg antibodies against the rough m ... | 1980 | 6779628 |
| immune response to parental and rough mutant strains of salmonella minnesota. | specificity of immune response to smooth and rough mutant strains of salmonella minnesota was investigated. immunization of mice with rd and re rough mutants resulted in formation of bactericidal plaque-forming cells directed against the lipopolysaccharide structure of both the mutants and the parental smooth strain. these antibody plaques, however, were not bactericidal for smooth strains of other gram-negative species, i.e., escherichia coli, salmonella typhosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, shigella ... | 1981 | 6793518 |