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safety, protective immunity, and diva capability of a rough mutant salmonella pullorum vaccine candidate in broilers.salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar gallinarum biovar pullorum (salmonella pullorum) is highly adapted to chickens causing an acute systemic disease that results in high mortality. vaccination represents one approach for promoting animal health, food safety and reducing environmental persistence in salmonella control. an important consideration is that salmonella vaccination in poultry should not interfere with the salmonellosis monitoring program. this is the basis of the diva (differen ...201728424675
genotypic relatedness and antimicrobial resistance of salmonella heidelberg isolated from chickens and turkeys in the midwestern united states.salmonella is one of the most common causes of foodborne illnesses in humans in the united states, and domestic poultry is considered an important source of this pathogen. salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar heidelberg is the fourth most commonly reported salmonella from retail meats and food animals in the united states. we assessed the genotypes and antimicrobial resistance phenotypes of salmonella heidelberg isolated from various chicken and turkey hatcheries and breeder farms in the ...201728430086
sensitivity to antibiotics of bacteria exposed to gamma radiation emitted from hot soils of the high background radiation areas of ramsar, northern iran.over the past several years our laboratories have investigated different aspects of the challenging issue of the alterations in bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics induced by physical stresses.201728432369
draft genome sequences of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strains isolated from chicken and swine carcasses in two distinct geographical regions from rio de janeiro state, brazil.salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium is a surveyed worldwide serotype with well-characterized genomes for several different strains. in brazil, very few studies have submitted whole-genome sequences to genbank. this genome may be useful to analyze the genetic mechanisms comparable to those of other related studies conducted in brazil and globally.201728450502
influence of static magnetic field exposure on fatty acid composition in salmonella hadar.we have been interested, in this work, to investigate the effect of the exposure to static magnetic field at 200 mt (smf) on the fatty acid (fa) composition of salmonella enterica subsp enterica serovar hadar isolate 287: effects on the proportion of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (sfas, ufas), cyclopropane fatty acids (cfas) and hydroxy fatty acids after exposure to the static magnetic field at 200 mt (smf). analysis with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) of total lipid showed ...201728455137
emergence of multidrug resistance in locally-acquired human infections with salmonella typhimurium in australia owing to a new clade harbouring blactx-m-9.antimicrobial resistance in non-typhoidal salmonella is a critical problem globally, with the emergence of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins (3gcs) a particular concern. the aim of this study was to use whole-genome sequencing (wgs) to characterise recently identified human and non-human isolates of 3gc-resistant salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium from australia. the illumina nextseq sequencing platform was used to determine the genome sequences of 78 s. typhimur ...201728476613
temporal genomic phylogeny reconstruction indicates a geospatial transmission path of salmonella cerro in the united states and a clade-specific loss of hydrogen sulfide production.salmonella cerro has become one of the most prevalent salmonella serotypes isolated from dairy cattle in several u.s. states, including new york where it represented 36% of all salmonella isolates of bovine origin in 2015. this serotype is commonly isolated from dairy cattle with clinical signs of salmonellosis, including diarrhea and fever, although it has also been identified in herds without evidence of clinical disease or decreased production. to better understand the transmission patterns a ...201728507536
ca(2+) in hybridization solutions for fluorescence in situ hybridization facilitates the detection of enterobacteriaceae.fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) has been employed to identify microorganisms at the single cell level under a microscope. extensive efforts have been made to improve and extend the fish technique; however, the development of a widely applicable protocol is a continuing challenge. the present study evaluated the effects of divalent cations in the hybridization solution on the fish-based detection of various species of bacteria and archaea with rrna-targeted probes. a flow cytometric ana ...201728515389
mitigation of salmonella on pet food kibbles by using liquid and powdered 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid.in recent years, several pet food recalls have been attributed to salmonella contamination. in addition to the negative impacts on animal health, salmonella-contaminated pet foods have been linked to infection in humans. with that in mind, the u.s. food and drug administration has set forth a zero-tolerance policy for salmonella in pet foods. typically, pet foods are extruded or processed at high temperatures that are sufficient to reduce pathogenic bacteria. however, the possibility for postext ...201728561638
susceptibility of salmonella biofilm and planktonic bacteria to common disinfectant agents used in poultry processing.poultry contaminated with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica are a major cause of zoonotic foodborne gastroenteritis. salmonella heidelberg is a common serotype of salmonella that has been implicated as a foodborne pathogen associated with the consumption of improperly prepared chicken. to better understand the effectiveness of common antimicrobial disinfectants (i.e., peroxyacetic acid [paa], acidified hypochlorite [ach], and cetylpyridinium chloride [cpc]), environmental isolates of nontyphoi ...201728561639
complete genome sequences of three salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar saintpaul isolates associated with a 2013 multistate outbreak in the united states.in 2013, a multistate outbreak of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar saintpaul from cucumber caused 84 cases of salmonellosis in the united states. in this announcement, we report the complete genome sequences of three clinical salmonella saintpaul isolates associated with the 2013 outbreak.201728572327
quantitative risk assessment of antimicrobial-resistant foodborne infections in humans due to recombinant bovine somatotropin usage in dairy cows.recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbst) is a production-enhancing technology that allows the dairy industry to produce milk more efficiently. concern has been raised that cows supplemented with rbst are at an increased risk of developing clinical mastitis, which would potentially increase the use of antimicrobial agents and increase human illnesses associated with antimicrobial-resistant bacterial pathogens delivered through the dairy beef supply. the purpose of this study was to conduct a quanti ...201728574304
next generation sequencing-based multigene panel for high throughput detection of food-borne pathogens.contamination of food by chemicals or pathogenic bacteria may cause particular illnesses that are linked to food consumption, commonly referred to as foodborne diseases. bacteria are present in/on various foods products, such as fruits, vegetables and ready-to-eat products. bacteria that cause foodborne diseases are known as foodborne pathogens (fbps). accurate detection methods that are able to reveal the presence of fbps in food matrices are in constant demand, in order to ensure safe foods wi ...201728578266
what were the risk factors and trends in antimicrobial resistance for enteric fever in london 2005-2012?a study was undertaken to determine the risk factors and trends in antimicrobial resistance for enteric fever.201728590238
histopathology case definition of naturally acquired salmonella enterica serovar dublin infection in young holstein cattle in the northeastern united states.salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar dublin ( salmonella dublin) is a host-adapted bacterium that causes high morbidity and mortality in dairy cattle worldwide. a retrospective search of archives at the new york animal health diagnostic center revealed 57 culture-confirmed salmonella dublin cases from new york and pennsylvania in which detailed histology of multiple tissues was available. tissues routinely submitted by referring veterinarians for histologic evaluation included sections of ...201728599615
molecular subtyping of salmonella typhimurium with multiplex oligonucleotide ligation-pcr (mol-pcr).a multiplex oligonucleotide ligation-pcr (mol-pcr) assay is a valuable high-throughput technique for the detection of bacteria and viruses, for characterization of pathogens and for diagnosis of genetic diseases, as it allows one to combine different types of molecular markers in a high-throughput multiplex assay. a mol-pcr assay starts with a multiplex oligonucleotide ligation reaction for detection of the molecular marker, followed by a singleplex pcr for signal amplification and analysis of t ...201728600761
a role for the tetraspanin proteins in salmonella infection of human macrophages.infected macrophages play a role in the dissemination of salmonella and may serve as a reservoir of infection in asymptomatic carriers. however, relatively little is known about the early molecular interactions of the bacteria with these cells. we have recently shown that members of the tetraspanin family of membrane proteins are involved in the initial adhesion of a range of bacteria to host cells. this study investigated the role of tetraspanins in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar t ...201728602860
in vitro characterization of lactobacillus plantarum strains with inhibitory activity on enteropathogens for use as potential animal probiotics.the present study evaluates the probiotic properties of three lactobacillus plantarum strains mjm60319, mjm60298, and mjm60399 possessing antimicrobial activity against animal enteric pathogens. the three strains did not show bioamine production, mucinolytic and hemolytic activity and were susceptible to common antibiotics. the l. plantarum strains survived well in the simulated orogastrointestinal transit condition and showed adherence to caco-2 cells in vitro. the l. plantarum strains showed s ...201728611498
in vitro and in vivo generation of heterophil extracellular traps after salmonella exposure.the release of extracellular traps (ets) by granulocytes is a unique strategy to stop the dissemination of microbial pathogens. this study was undertaken to elucidate the potential of avian granulocytes (heterophils) to form ets that can arrest and kill salmonella organisms. after in vitro exposure of isolated heterophils and in vivo infection of day-old chicks with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars infantis (si) or enteritidis (se), the generation of ets as well as the trapping and s ...201728615122
complete genome sequences of two salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis strains isolated from egg products in the united states.egg-associated salmonellosis is an important public health problem in many countries. here, we report the genome sequences, including plasmids, of two strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis isolated from egg products in 2012 and 2013 in the united states. this will provide more information and insight into the research about egg-associated salmonellosis.201728663302
relationship of triamine-biocide tolerance of salmonella enterica serovar senftenberg to antimicrobial susceptibility, serum resistance and outer membrane proteins.a new emerging phenomenon is the association between the incorrect use of biocides in the process of disinfection in farms and the emergence of cross-resistance in salmonella populations. adaptation of the microorganisms to the sub-inhibitory concentrations of the disinfectants is not clear, but may result in an increase of sensitivity or resistance to antibiotics, depending on the biocide used and the challenged salmonella serovar. exposure of five salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar se ...201728696348
draft genome sequences of 256 salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis strains isolated from humans, food, chickens, and farm environments in brazil.salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis emerged in the late 1980s as the most isolated salmonella serovar worldwide. here, we report the draft genomes of 256 s enteritidis strains isolated from humans, food, chickens, and farm environments in brazil. these draft genomes will help enhance our understanding of this serovar in brazil.201728705959
draft genome sequence of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar infantis strain spe101, isolated from a chronic human infection.we report a 4.99-mb draft genome sequence of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar infantis strain spe101, isolated from feces of a 5-month-old breast-fed female showing diarrhea associated with severe dehydration and malnutrition. the infection prolonged for 6 months despite antibiotic treatment.201728729277
quinolone susceptibility and genetic characterization of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolated from pet turtles.turtle-borne salmonella enterica owns significance as a leading cause in human salmonellosis. the current study aimed to determine the quinolone susceptibility and the genetic characteristics of 21 strains of s. enterica subsp. enterica isolated from pet turtles. susceptibility of four antimicrobials including nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin was examined in disk diffusion and mic tests where the majority of the isolates were susceptible to all tested quinolones. in gen ...201728747968
ground water as the source of an outbreak of salmonella enteritidis.in september 2014, an outbreak of gastroenteritis was reported to the public health institute of šibenik and knin county in croatia. the outbreak occurred in the county center of šibenik, a town with 50,000 inhabitants, and it lasted for 12days. an epidemiological investigation suggested a nearby water spring as the source of the outbreak. due to the temporary closure of the public water supply system, the inhabitants started to use untreated water from a nearby spring. microbiological analysis ...201728756827
genome sequence of an australian monophasic salmonella enterica subsp. enterica typhimurium isolate (tw-stm6) carrying a large plasmid with multiple antimicrobial resistance genes.we report the genome sequence of a monophasic salmonella enterica subsp. enterica typhimurium strain (tw-stm6) isolated in australia that is similar to epidemic multidrug-resistant strains from europe and elsewhere. this strain carries additional antibiotic and heavy-metal resistance genes on a large (275-kb) inchi2 plasmid.201728818900
use of multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeats analysis (mlva) to investigate genetic diversity of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium isolates from human, food, and veterinary sources.salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar typhimurium is the most common zoonotic pathogen in bulgaria. to allow efficient outbreak investigations and surveillance in the food chain, accurate and discriminatory methods for typing are needed. this study evaluated the use of multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeats analysis (mlva) and compared results with antimicrobial resistance (amr) determinations for 100 s. typhimurium strains isolated in bulgaria during 2008-2012 (50 veterinary ...201728836358
whole-genome sequences of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strains tt6675 and tt9097 employed in the isolation and characterization of a giant phage mutant collection.we report here the genome sequences of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strains tt6675 and tt9097, which we utilize for genetic analyses of giant bacterial viruses. our analyses identified several genetic variations between the two strains, most significantly confirming strain tt6675 as a serine suppressor and tt9097 as a nonsuppressor.201728839032
comparative genomics of australian and international isolates of salmonella typhimurium: correlation of core genome evolution with crispr and prophage profiles.salmonella enterica subsp enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) is a serovar with broad host range. to determine the genomic diversity of s. typhimurium, we sequenced 39 isolates (37 australian and 2 uk isolates) representing 14 repeats groups (rgs) determined primarily by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crispr). analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) among the 39 isolates yielded an average of 1,232 snps per isolate, ranging from 128 snps to 11,339 ...201728851865
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