Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| subtracted restriction fingerprinting--a tool for bacterial genome typing. | reproducible, discriminative, high-throughput methods are required for the identification of bacterial strains and isolates in a clinical environment. a new molecular typing method for bacteria was developed and tested on salmonella and e. coli species. the technique is called subtracted restriction fingerprinting and is based on double restriction enzyme digestion of genomic dna followed by end labeling. the "detection" enzyme produces ttaa overhangs that are filled in with digoxigenated nucleo ... | 2003 | 12613253 |
| occurrence of salmonella enterica serovar dublin in austria. | in austria, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar dublin, a bovine-adapted serovar, rarely causes infections in humans. in 2000, austria was within the european mean with an incidence of 0.1 per million inhabitants. our data show that the vast majority of all serovar dublin infections (human and non-human) can be traced epidemiologically to two districts in the tyrol. this concentration of cases can be explained by a particularly traditional aspect of cattle farming in this area, the alpin ... | 2002 | 12631940 |
| interactions of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar muenchen with intestinal explants of the turtle trachemys scripta scripta. | salmonella infections in reptiles, in contrast to those in birds and mammals, are limited to the intestinal tract. in this study, interactions of a strain of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar muenchen (seem) with intestinal explants of the turtle trachemys scripta scripta were examined by scanning electron microscopy (sem). adhesion and invasion in the chelonian intestinal explants at 30 degrees c and 37 degrees c were evaluated quantitatively. for purposes of comparison, the invasive ... | 2003 | 12634088 |
| evaluation of the 1-2 test for detecting salmonella in swine feces. | the 1-2 test is a rapid culture test for the detection of motile salmonella. the aim of this study was to evaluate the 1-2 test for its ability to detect salmonella in swine feces following preenrichment and selective enrichment. pooled pen fecal samples (n = 118) and pig rectal swabs (n = 51) were cultured for salmonella by the 1-2 test, which was compared with the standard isolation protocol currently used in our laboratory. in addition, pen fecal samples known to be free of salmonella were sp ... | 2003 | 12636313 |
| [phage types and plasmid profiles of plasmid dna strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. enteritidis (s. enteritidis) isolated from food poisoning outbreaks in 2001]. | salmonella enteritidis strains are the most often isolated salmonella serovar in poland. in the present study, phage typing, antibiotic resistance testing and plasmid profile analysis, have been applied to characterise 41 polish s. enteritidis isolates originated from human cases of salmonellosis and from other sources. the typing phages of ward and colleagues scheme were used to type a total of 41 s. enteritidis strains coming from poland. all 41 strains were typable and 5 different phage types ... | 2002 | 12650055 |
| the rise and fall of salmonella enteritidis in the uk. | after rising in the early 1980s, the number of recorded human cases of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica in the uk has fallen in the last 5 years, with a particular decline in cases of infection with serovar enteritidis. this decline has been concomitant with the introduction of vaccination of egg-laying hens against serovar enteritidis. it is likely that other factors such as improved biosecurity in egg-laying flocks, a build-up of immunity in other animals and the rise in the number of lives ... | 2003 | 12675943 |
| dna fingerprinting of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium with emphasis on phage type dt104 based on variable number of tandem repeat loci. | seventy-eight human and environmental strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium, as well as 18 isolates of other salmonella serovars and 6 isolates of escherichia coli, were subjected to a novel variable number of tandem repeats (vntr)-based fingerprinting method that showed high discrimination and reproducibility for typing serovar typhimurium isolates. the method is based on capillary separation of pcr products from fluorescence-labeled vntr in the serovar typhimurium ... | 2003 | 12682132 |
| the world health organization's external quality assurance system proficiency testing program has improved the accuracy of antimicrobial susceptibility testing and reporting among participating laboratories using nccls methods. | a total of 150 laboratories in 33 countries that followed the nccls testing procedures participated in the world health organization's external quality assurance system for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (eqas-ast) from january 1998 through march 2001. laboratories tested seven bacterial isolates for antimicrobial resistance and reported the results to the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) in atlanta, ga. the results were compared to the results generated at the cdc with the ... | 2003 | 12791851 |
| several salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype 4,5,12:i:- phage types isolated from swine samples originate from serotype typhimurium dt u302. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, plasmid profiling, and phage typing were used to characterize and determine possible genetic relationships between 48 salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolates of pig origin collected in catalonia, spain, from 1998 to 2000. the strains were grouped into 23 multidrug-resistant fljb-lacking s. enterica serovar 4,5,12:i:- isolates, 24 s. enterica serovar typhimurium isolates, and 1 s. enterica serovar 4,5,12:-:- isolate. after combining the xbai and blni macrore ... | 2003 | 12791855 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities of salmonella strains isolated from humans, cattle, pigs, and chickens in the netherlands from 1984 to 2001. | we monitored antimicrobial susceptibility data for salmonella strains isolated from humans, cattle, pigs, and chickens in the netherlands from 1984 to 2001 in order to provide insight into the dynamics of resistance over time. the strains were tested for their susceptibilities to seven antimicrobial agents by the agar diffusion method. resistance was most common in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium. among the strains from humans, pigs, and chickens, it was found that the le ... | 2003 | 12904357 |
| typing of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars choleraesuis, typhimurium, dublin and laboratory strains of escherichia coli using subtracted restriction fingerprinting (srf). | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of a new typing technique called subtracted restriction fingerprinting (srf) for bacterial strain and isolate discrimination. the technique was applied to isolates of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (s.) serovars choleraesuis, typhimurium, dublin and to two laboratory strains of e. coli. srf is based on the selective removal of excess fragments from a restriction digest using magnetic particles. subsequently, the remaining subset of ... | 2003 | 12906386 |
| anaerobiosis-induced virulence of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium: role of phospholipase cgamma signalling cascade. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) can initiate entry into non-phagocytic epithelial cells by triggering certain signal transduction pathways, thereby allowing the pathogen to invade and establish a niche within host cells. anaerobiosis has been shown to be an important inducer of the invasion process of s. typhimurium. however, the effect of anaerobiosis on modulation of cell signalling cascades by s. typhimurium is not known. in the present study, the phos ... | 2003 | 12909648 |
| simple and rapid detection of salmonella strains by direct pcr amplification of the hila gene. | the suitability of a pcr procedure using a pair of primers targeting the hila gene was evaluated as a means of detecting salmonella species. a total of 33 salmonella strains from 27 serovars and 15 non-salmonella strains from eight different genera were included. pcr with all the salmonella strains produced a 784 bp dna fragment that was absent from all the non-salmonella strains tested. the detection limit of the pcr was 100 pg with genomic dna and 3 x 10(4) c.f.u. ml(-1) with serial dilutions ... | 2003 | 12909653 |
| discrimination of d-tartrate-fermenting and -nonfermenting salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolates by genotypic and phenotypic methods. | a multiplex pcr and an improved lead acetate test were developed to discriminate d-tartrate-fermenting and -nonfermenting salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains. both methods showed an accuracy of 100% when 125 salmonella strains belonging to 15 serovars were tested. special emphasis was given to s. enterica subsp. enterica serovar paratyphi b isolates because of the clinical importance of its d-tartrate-nonfermenting variant and the recently increasing numbers of cases of human outbreaks c ... | 2003 | 12958259 |
| host adaptation of pigeon isolates of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium variant copenhagen phage type 99 is associated with enhanced macrophage cytotoxicity. | phage type 99 of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium variant copenhagen strains isolated from pigeons were examined for the presence of genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns obtained with xbai and blni from 38 pigeon strains were compared with those obtained from 89 porcine, poultry, and human strains of variant copenhagen. identical patterns with xbai and four closely related patterns with blni were obtained with the pigeon s ... | 2003 | 14500532 |
| [phenotypic and genotypic methods for epidemiological typing of veterinary important bacterial pathogens of the genera staphylococcus, salmonella, and pasteurella]. | molecular typing methods are capable of providing detailed strain characteristics which are commonly far beyond the capacities of phenotypic typing methods. such molecular-based characteristics have proved to be very helpful in epidemiological studies of bacterial pathogens. the primary criteria that all typing methods should fulfill include (1) the typeability of the strains in question, (2) the reproducibility of the results, and (3) a high discriminatory power. in general, molecular typing me ... | 2003 | 14526470 |
| multiple-drug resistance in d-tartrate-positive salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi b isolates from poultry is mediated by class 2 integrons inserted into the bacterial chromosome. | the presence of integrons in 85 multiresistant german isolates of the predominating salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar paratyphi b dt(+) clone was investigated. all isolates possessed a chromosomally located tn7-like class 2 integron carrying the same dfra1-sat1-aada1 array of gene cassettes. only four isolates (4.7%) revealed an additional class 1 integron with two strains each containing the aada1 or dfra1-aada1 gene cassettes. | 2003 | 14576136 |
| a regional outbreak of s. enteritidis phage type 5, traced back to the flocks of an egg producer, austria. | in the spring and summer of 2002, the nationale referenzzentrale für salmonellen (national reference centre for salmonella - nrcs) in austria noticed a cluster of human salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. enteritidis phage type 5 (s. enteritidis pt5) infections in two neighbouring districts of austria. another small outbreak of s. enteritidis pt5 infections that occurred in the same region in 1999 had been traced back to the flocks of a local egg producer (approximately 6 000 hens). attenti ... | 2003 | 14605374 |
| assessment of the presence of salmonella spp. in egyptian dairy products using various detection media. | to make a preliminary assessment of the incidence of salmonella in egyptian dairy products, and to investigate the effectiveness of various protocols for the detection of the pathogen in these products. | 2003 | 14633112 |
| difference and consensus of whole cell salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry spectra. | application of maldi-tof ms for characterization of strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica. | 2004 | 14687211 |
| use of antibiotic susceptibility patterns and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to compare historic and contemporary isolates of multi-drug-resistant salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar newport. | recently, multi-drug-resistant (mdr) salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar newport reemerged as a public and animal health problem. the antibiotic resistance of 198 isolates and the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns (pfge) of 139 isolates were determined. serovar newport isolates collected between 1988 and 2001 were included in the study. one hundred seventy-eight isolates were collected from the san joaquin valley in california and came from dairy cattle clinical samples, huma ... | 2004 | 14711658 |
| inhibition of foodborne bacteria by the lactoperoxidase system in a beef cube system. | biopreservatives are being developed to inhibit the growth of foodborne pathogens and thus improve food safety. the lactoperoxidase system (lps) is a naturally occurring system that has potential for use as an antimicrobial agent in foods. growth of single strains of the pathogens staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium, yersinia enterocolitica, pseudomonas aeruginosa and beef microflora were assessed on lps ... | 2004 | 14967562 |
| anti-salmonella activity of (2e)-alkenals. | this study investigated the effect of a series of naturally occurring aliphatic (2e)-alkenals against salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis atcc 35640 and evaluated their antibacterial action. | 2004 | 15012807 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-based subtyping of dna degradation-sensitive salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar livingstone and serovar cerro isolates obtained from a chicken layer farm. | salmonella enterica serovar subsp. enterica livingstone and serovar cerro isolates from a commercial egg-producing farm, which had previously been untypeable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) because of dna degradation during the pfge process, successfully gave banding patterns using electrophoresis buffer supplemented with 50 microm thiourea. by pfge in the presence of thiourea, dna degradation-sensitive s. enterica serovar cerro isolates from the commercial egg-producing farm were fou ... | 2004 | 15019105 |
| salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis harbours cole1, cole2, and rolling-circle-like replicating plasmids. | using dna hybridization, at least three distinct groups of low molecular mass plasmids were identified in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis. after sequencing representative plasmids from each group, we concluded that they belonged to cole1, cole2, and rolling-circle-like replicating plasmids. plasmid pk (4245 bp) is a representative of widely distributed cole1 plasmids. plasmid pp (4301 bp) is homologous to cole2 plasmids and was present predominantly in single-stranded dna ... | 2004 | 15052312 |
| molecular characterization of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium dt1 isolates. | salmonella typhimurium dt1 is endemic to finland and has caused human outbreaks since the 1960s. domestic dt1 isolates (n=235) from 1972 to 1999 from human cases, animals and other sources, as well as foreign dt1 isolates from human cases (n=20) were analysed by molecular methods. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) yielded 38 xbai profiles. of these, xbai profile 10 was seen in 49% (125/255) of the isolates. twelve is200 profiles were obtained; the most common is200 profile d was seen in 64 ... | 2004 | 15061501 |
| risk factors for salmonella enterica subsp. enterica shedding by market-age pigs in french farrow-to-finish herds. | fattening-pigs carriers of salmonella enterica are believed to be a main source of carcass and pork contamination at the later steps of the meat process. we did a prospective study in 2000-2001 in 105 french farrow-to-finish pig farms. in each farm, a batch of contemporary fattening pigs housed in the same room was followed throughout the fattening period. salmonella shedding was assessed on environmental samples of faecal material (taken by means of pairs of gauze socks) analysed by classical b ... | 2004 | 15099720 |
| assessment of virulence of pigeon isolates of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium variant copenhagen for humans. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium variant copenhagen was isolated from 5 of 152 (3.3%) feral pigeons from the city of ghent (belgium) and from 26 pooled fecal samples from 114 pigeon lofts (22.8%). these isolates belonged to phage type (pt) 99. seven of the pigeon isolates were further compared in vitro to five human variant copenhagen isolates, 2 isolates of pt 208, 1 isolate each of pt 120 and u302, and a nontypeable isolate. no differences in invasiveness in human intestinal epithelial ... | 2004 | 15131161 |
| "multiplex pcr" identification of the atypical and monophasic salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype 1,4,[5],12:i:- in são paulo state, brazil: frequency and antibiotic resistance patterns. | salmonella spp. are the etiologic agents of salmonellosis, a worldwide spread zoonoses causing foodborne outbreaks and clinical diseases. by serological identification, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype 1,4,[5],12:i:- accounted for 8.8% of human and 1.6% of nonhuman salmonella strains isolated in são paulo state, during 1991-2000. a total of 28.6% of them amplified a fragment corresponding to h:1,2 (flagellar phase two) through pcr analysis and were further assigned as s. typhimurium. ... | 2004 | 15141285 |
| risk factors for salmonella enterica subsp. enterica infection in senegalese broiler-chicken flocks. | our objective was to assess the association of managerial practices, general hygiene and salmonella infection in senegalese broiler flocks. seventy broilers farms were studied from january 2000 to december 2001 around dakar. a questionnaire was submitted to the farmers and samples of fresh broiler droppings were taken. a 28.6% of the flocks were infected by salmonella (mainly hadar and brancaster serovars). salmonella infection of the previous flock (or = 6.82) and of day-old chicks (or = 3.73), ... | 2004 | 15158567 |
| cloth-based hybridization array system for the detection of multiple antibiotic resistance genes in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium dt104. | a simple dna macroarray system was developed for detection of antibiotic resistance and other marker genes associated with the multidrug-resistant food pathogen salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium dt104. | 2004 | 15214723 |
| effect of the escherichia coli emo strain on experimental infection by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in gnotobiotic mice. | an experimental infection with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium was evaluated in gnotobiotic mice previously exposed to a plasmid-free non-pathogenic escherichia coli (emo strain). mice were exposed to emo (experimental) or not (control) 10 days before challenge with salmonella typhimurium (10(2) colony forming units (cfu)/mouse). survival after challenge was higher (p < 0.05) in the experimental group (16%) than in the control animals (0%). histopathological examination o ... | 2004 | 15264007 |
| acute infection of swine by various salmonella serovars. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of various serovars of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica to infect alimentary and nonalimentary tissues of swine within 3 h of inoculation. fourteen wild-type s. enterica serovars (4,12:imonophasic, 6,7 nonmotile, agona, brandenburg, bredeney, derby, heidelberg, infantis, muenchen, thompson, typhimurium, typhimurium variant copenhagen, untypeable, and worthington), two known virulent s. enterica serovars (choleraesuis strain sc-38 and typ ... | 2004 | 15270506 |
| isolated high-level ciprofloxacin resistance in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype paratyphi a. | 2004 | 15272072 | |
| salmonella gallinarum gyra mutations associated with fluoroquinolone resistance. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar gallinarum (s. gallinarum) is the causative organism of fowl typhoid, and an outbreak of fowl typhoid in korea was confirmed in 1992. the aim of this study was to investigate possible changes in fluoroquinolone susceptibility among s. gallinarum isolates from 1995 to 2001, and to analyse mutations of the gyra gene in fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates. among 258 s. gallinarum isolates tested by the disk diffusion method, isolates from 1995 (n=18) were ... | 2004 | 15276996 |
| antimicrobial activity of reuterin in combination with nisin against food-borne pathogens. | antimicrobial activity of reuterin individually or in combination with nisin against different food-borne gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens in milk was investigated. reuterin (8 au/ml) exhibited bacteriostatic activity against listeria monocytogenes, whereas its activity was slightly bactericidal against staphylococcus aureus at 37 degrees c. higher bactericidal activity was detected against escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis, yersinia enterocolitica, a ... | 2004 | 15282134 |
| st64b is a defective bacteriophage in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt64 that encodes a functional immunity region capable of mediating phage-type conversion. | the salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) defective bacteriophage st64b has a putative immunity (immc) region consisting of ci, cro and cii-like genes. since st64b is widespread in s. typhimurium, studies were undertaken to determine whether this region might be functional and influence phage typing results. cloning of st64b immc-like genes and their subsequent expression in s. typhimurium dts showed that this region is able to mediate phage-type conversion in ... | 2004 | 15293455 |
| phenotypic and genotypic changes in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium during passage in intestines of broiler chickens fed on diets that included ionophore anticoccidial supplements. | the effect of continuous in-feed administration of anticoccidial agents on antimicrobial sensitivity and the level of bacterial shedding in poultry experimentally infected with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium definitive type 104 (dt104) were investigated. on day 0, 1,200 1-day-old salmonella-free broiler chicks were placed into 50 pens, and the pens were randomly allocated to one of five treatments: nonsupplemented (negative control; t1), monensin at 120 mg/kg of diet (t ... | 2004 | 15297474 |
| multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeats analysis of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium using pcr multiplexing and multicolor capillary electrophoresis. | the multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeats analysis (mlva) method is currently being used as the primary typing tool for salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) isolates in our laboratory. our published initial mlva was performed using a single fluorescent dye and the different patterns were assigned from gel images. here we present a new and significantly improved assay using multiple dye colors, enhanced pcr multiplexing and the introduction of two new l ... | 2004 | 15369852 |
| phage types, ribotypes and tetracycline resistance genes of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strains isolated from different origins in italy. | the tetracycline resistance (tet) gene patterns of 52 tetracycline resistant salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (s.) serovar typhimurium isolates collected from animals, food of animal origin, and humans in italy, were investigated to evaluate whether the tet gene patterns could be used for strain differentiation in addition to phage typing and ribotyping. the detection of tet genes was performed by specific pcr assays. ribotyping was performed automatically using pvuii as restriction enzyme. t ... | 2004 | 15381268 |
| molecular and epidemiologic analysis of a county-wide outbreak caused by salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis traced to a bakery. | an increase in the number of attendees due to acute gastroenteritis and fever was noted at one hospital emergency room in taiwan over a seven-day period from july to august, 2001. molecular and epidemiological surveys were performed to trace the possible source of infection. | 2004 | 15541186 |
| a foodborne outbreak of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar madelia at a silver anniversary reception. | reported here is an outbreak of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar madelia infection that occurred among 44 persons attending a silver anniversary reception in hesse, germany. isolates of salmonella madelia are extremely unusual, and no outbreaks associated with this serotype have been reported previously. forty-two attendees were interviewed and information was obtained from each of them regarding demographic and clinical characteristics and food consumed at the reception. twenty-four ... | 2004 | 15558342 |
| variable number of tandem repeats in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica for typing purposes. | the genomic sequences of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains ct18, ty2 (serovar typhi), and lt2 (serovar typhimurium) were analyzed for potential variable number tandem repeats (vntrs). a multiple-locus vntr analysis (mlva) of 99 strains of s. enterica supsp. enterica based on 10 vntrs distinguished 52 genotypes and placed them into four groups. all strains tested were independent human isolates from france and did not reflect isolates from outbreak episodes. of these 10 vntrs, 7 showed ... | 2004 | 15583305 |
| [salmonella infections in children: a retrospective study over a four-year period]. | epidemiological state of salmonella infections in languedoc-roussillon (france) and discussion of therapeutic indications. | 2005 | 15653050 |
| physical linkage of tn3 and part of tn1721 in a tetracycline and ampicillin resistance plasmid from salmonella typhimurium. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the 12 656 bp plasmid pfptb1 from salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium, which mediates resistance to tetracyclines and ampicillin, was determined. the plasmid was analysed for potential reading frames and structural features indicative of transposons and transposon relics. | 2005 | 15731203 |
| acquisition of resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins by salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar newport and escherichia coli in the turkey poult intestinal tract. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar newport resistant to the extended-spectrum cephalosporins (escs) and other antimicrobials causes septicemic salmonellosis in humans and animals and is increasingly isolated from humans, animals, foods, and environmental sources. mechanisms whereby serovar newport bacteria become resistant to escs and other classes of antimicrobials while inhabiting the intestinal tract are not well understood. the present study shows that 25.3% of serovar newport strai ... | 2005 | 15746317 |
| vi antigen expression in salmonella enterica serovar typhi clinical isolates from pakistan. | the accurate identification of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhi variants that fail to express the capsular polysaccharide, vi, is an important and much discussed issue for medical microbiology. we have tested a multiplex pcr method which shows the presence or absence of the genetic locus required for vi expression. of 2,222 salmonella serovar typhi clinical isolates collected from patients' blood over a 4-year period in a region of pakistan where typhoid is endemic, 12 tested ne ... | 2005 | 15750077 |
| class 1 integron-associated gene cassettes in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar agona isolated from pig carcasses in brazil. | two multiresistant salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar agona isolates from pig carcasses were investigated for antimicrobial resistance genes and their location with particular reference to the detection of class 1 integrons. | 2005 | 15761062 |
| cloning and sequencing of a genomic island found in the brazilian purpuric fever clone of haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius. | a genomic island was identified in the haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius brazilian purpuric fever (bpf) strain f3031. this island, which was also found in other bpf isolates, could not be detected in non-bpf biogroup aegyptius strains or in nontypeable or typeable h. influenzae strains, with the exception of a region present in the type b eagan strain. this 34,378-bp island is inserted, in reference to h. influenzae rd kw20, within a choline transport gene and contains a mosaic structure ... | 2005 | 15784532 |
| comparison of fecal culture and danish mix-elisa for determination of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica prevalence in growing swine. | in the usa, control of food-borne salmonellosis associated with meat consumption has been predominantly focused at slaughter and processing. it is expected that standards at slaughter and processing will become more stringent, creating pressure to reduce prevalence of salmonella-positive food animals through on-farm interventions. the aim of this study was to compare traditional fecal culture and the danish mix-elisa (dme) for determination of salmonella prevalence pre-harvest in swine. in trial ... | 2005 | 15795083 |
| dose determination for acute salmonella infection in pigs. | pigs were exposed to various levels of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium by either intranasal inoculation or by subjecting them to a contaminated environment. more than 10(3) salmonellae were required to induce acute salmonella infection. these results indicate that intervention against acute salmonella infection in lairage may be more readily achieved than previously thought. | 2005 | 15870368 |
| modulation of gut mucosal biofilms. | non-digestible inulin-type fructans, such as oligofructose and high-molecular-weight inulin, have been shown to have the ability to alter the intestinal microbiota composition in such a way that members of the microbial community, generally considered as health-promoting, are stimulated. bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are the most frequently targeted organisms. less information exists on effects of inulin-type fructans on the composition, metabolism and health-related significance of bacteria a ... | 2005 | 15877893 |
| risk factors associated with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica contamination of chicken carcases in senegal. | this study was to identify the risk factors for salmonella spp. contamination of senegalese chicken carcases during slaughtering. one hundred and twenty traditional slaughterhouses were studied from january 2000 to december 2002 in and around dakar. a questionnaire was answered by the slaughterers, and samples of breast skin were taken to assess the salmonella status of chicken carcases. results showed that 43.3% of the batches were contaminated with salmonella, indicating salmonella hadar and s ... | 2005 | 15957441 |
| extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in non-typhoidal salmonella spp. isolated in the uk are now a reality: why the late arrival? | in february 2004, we reported the first recognition of the presence of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) in non-typhoidal salmonella spp. in the uk; the beta-lactamase was tem-52. six months later, an shv-derived esbl (shv-12) was detected in a salmonella strain isolated in york and 6 months after that we have just identified ctx-m-type beta-lactamases in scottish isolates of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium and salmonella virchow (unpublished results). a very rec ... | 2005 | 16000403 |
| repeated occurrence of diverse extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in minor serotypes of food-borne salmonella enterica subsp. enterica. | screening of greek nontyphoid salmonellae from 2000 to 2002 yielded three extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing human isolates. salmonella enterica serotype brandenburg harbored a multiresistant shv-5 gene-carrying plasmid. s. enterica serotype blockley and s. enterica serotype hadar harbored a tem-52 gene-carrying plasmid. an s. enterica serotype virchow strain producing plasmid-mediated ctx-m-32 was isolated twice from poultry end products. all esbl plasmids were self-transferable ... | 2005 | 16000476 |
| insertional mutation of mara vitiates inducible multiple antimicrobial resistance in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar choleraesuis. | mara has been shown to mediate a multiple antimicrobial resistance (mar) phenotype following induction in some members of the enterobacteriaceae. when salmonella choleraesuis was exposed to inducing agents they displayed higher minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) to multiple antimicrobial agents and an increase in mara expression as determined by northern hybridization analysis. the objective of the present study was to determine if mutation of mara vitiated multiple antimicrobial resistance ... | 2005 | 16006078 |
| effect of relative humidity on preharvest survival of bacterial and viral pathogens on the surface of cantaloupe, lettuce, and bell peppers. | the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of humidity on the preharvest survival of microbial pathogens on cantaloupe, lettuce, and bell peppers. an additional goal was to evaluate clostridium perfringens as an indicator of fecal contamination on produce. the microorganisms used in this study included escherichia coli, e. coli o157:h7, shigella sonnei, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, clostridium perfringens, hepatitis a virus (hav), feline calicivirus (fcv), and coliphage prd1. t ... | 2005 | 16013370 |
| the effect of type-1 fimbrial immunization on gut pathophysiological response in rats infected with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium. | the pathophysiological mechanism of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (salmonella typhimurium) induced gastroenteritis is controlled by interplay of various cell signaling events. adherence of this organism through type-1 fimbriae is known to be a vital prerequisite for the establishment of infection. in the present investigation male albino wistar rats were immunized with purified type-1 fimbriae and challenged intragastrically with s. typhimurium. electrolyte transport an ... | 2005 | 16013447 |
| risk factors associated with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica contamination of chicken carcases in senegal. | the objective of this study was to identify the risk factors for salmonella spp. contamination of senegalese chicken carcases during slaughtering. one hundred and twenty traditional slaughterhouses were studied from january 2000 to december 2002 in and around dakar. a questionnaire was administered to the slaughterers and samples of breast skin were taken to assess the salmonella spp. status of chicken carcases. results showed that 43.3% of the chicken batches were contaminated with salmonella s ... | 2005 | 16050182 |
| dissemination of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium var. copenhagen clonal types through a contract heifer-raising operation. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium var. copenhagen isolates from a heifer-raising operation and from 11 dairy herds that had their calves contracted to the heifer-raising operation were examined for their phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. results of the study showed that the heifer-raising operation could serve as a clearinghouse for salmonella serovar typhimurium var. copenhagen and perhaps other salmonella serotypes. | 2005 | 16081980 |
| [the occurrence and characterisation of oxy-imino-beta-lactams resistant strains among salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolated in poland]. | extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) are enzymes manifesting considerable hydrolyzing activity on a wide variety of beta-lactam antibiotics including oxyiminocephalosporins and aztreonam. in the study reported here we investigated the types of esbl produced by salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains isolated from clinical samples in the microbiological laboratories of sanitary-epidemiological units in poland from 1999 to 2004. among 239 ampicillin-resistant salmonella enterica subsp. en ... | 2005 | 16134384 |
| safety and efficacy of salmonella gallinarum 9r vaccine in young laying chickens. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar gallinarum (s. gallinarum) is the agent of fowl typhoid, and the 9r vaccine is a commercially available, live vaccine for the prevention of fowl typhoid. the aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of the 9r vaccine in young chickens. the mean weights of 5-week-old chickens vaccinated with one and 10 doses at 2 weeks old were 450.3+/-33.83 g and 446.8+/-35.68 g, respectively, which were statistically lower (p<0.05) than the mean weight ... | 2005 | 16147574 |
| enhanced contrast of bacteriophage plaques in salmonella with ferric ammonium citrate and sodium thiosulfate (facst) and tetrazolium red (tzr). | visualization of bacteriophage plaques may be enhanced by addition of ferric ammonium citrate and sodium thiosulfate (facst) or 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (tetrazolium red, tzr) to the soft agar layer of a traditional bacteriophage plaque assay. background color from these reagents improved contrast between clear plaques and turbid host lawns in trypticase soy agar (tsa) plates. enhancement by facst is based on reaction with hydrogen sulfide gas (h2s) produced by some strains of bacteri ... | 2006 | 16182396 |
| salmonella profile in chickens determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and bacteriology from years 2000 to 2003 in turkey. | from years 2000 to 2003, salmonella was investigated from a total of 1785 samples comprised of chicken intestinal samples, cloacal swabs, drag swabs, litter samples and chick dust samples collected from 191 poultry breeding flocks belonging to 15 different chicken breeding stock companies in the marmara region, turkey by a sybr green-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (sgbrt-pcr), by a probe-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (psrt-pcr) and by standardized bacteriology as descri ... | 2005 | 16191689 |
| long-term survival of pathogenic and sanitation indicator bacteria in experimental biowaste composts. | for economic, agricultural, and environmental reasons, composting is frequently used for organic waste recycling. one approach to limiting the potential risk from bacterial food-borne illnesses is to ensure that soil amendments and organic fertilizers are disinfected. however, more knowledge concerning the microbiological safety of composted substrates other than sludge and manure is necessary. experimental in-vessel biowaste composts were used to study the survival of seeded listeria monocytoge ... | 2005 | 16204488 |
| use of biochemical kinetic data to determine strain relatedness among salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolates. | classical biotyping characterizes strains by creating biotype profiles that consider only positive and negative results for a predefined set of biochemical tests. this method allows salmonella subspecies to be distinguished but does not allow serotypes and phage types to be distinguished. the objective of this study was to determine the relatedness of isolates belonging to distinct salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotypes by using a refined biotyping process that considers the kinetics at w ... | 2005 | 16272463 |
| molecular analysis of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar agona isolated from slaughter pigs. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (s.) serovar agona plays an important role in brazil as causative agent of salmonellosis in food-producing animals - in particular, pigs and poultry - as well as in humans. a total of 45 s. agona isolates collected from slaughter pigs at three different slaughterhouses in southern brazil was investigated in this study for their phenotypic and genotypic relatedness. for this, the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and the phage types were determined. molecul ... | 2006 | 16289951 |
| identification of an aada2 gene cassette from salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar derby. | during a study on salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar derby from slaughter-age pigs in brazil, two epidemiologically unrelated multi-resistant s. derby isolates were found to carry a class 1 integron with a single gene cassette. sequence analysis confirmed that this gene cassette harboured an aada2 gene. the aada2 gene codes for an aminoglycoside adenyltransferase, which mediates resistance to the aminoglycoside streptomycin and the aminocyclitol spectinomycin. although aada2 gene casset ... | 2005 | 16364021 |
| analysis of porcine differential gene expression following challenge with salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis using suppression subtractive hybridization. | swine-adapted salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar choleraesuis (s. choleraesuis) is the pathogen most frequently isolated from diseased pigs and may affect host gene expression in a species-specific manner. to characterize the porcine transcriptional response to s. choleraesuis infection, the mrna profiles from the mesenteric lymph nodes of three non-infected and three experimentally infected pigs at 24 h post-inoculation were analyzed by suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh). fort ... | 2006 | 16364571 |
| an austrian outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 36 in 2004. | in june 2004, an egg packing station was epidemiologically incriminated as possibly distributing the vehicle of the salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. typhimurium definitive type (dt) u291 outbreak which began in september 2003 and--as of june 2004 affected more than 100 persons all over austria and 8 german tourists. a total of 68 egg producing farms were screened for salmonella. whereas all samples tested negative for s. typhimurium dt u291, one batch of laying hens was identified as bei ... | 2005 | 16395989 |
| antimicrobial resistance types and genes in salmonella enterica infantis isolates from retail raw chicken meat and broiler chickens on farms. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype infantis isolates from retail raw chicken meat (n = 98) and broiler chickens on farms (n = 70) were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility and antimicrobial resistance genes. a total of 15 antimicrobial resistance types, 14 in meat and 10 in broiler isolates, were identified, and 9 of the 15 types were indistinguishable between meat and broiler isolates. resistance to both oxytetracycline and dihydrostreptomycin accounted for 94.0% of the resistanc ... | 2006 | 16416922 |
| [clostridium difficile toxin a and other enteropathogens in stool specimens of children hospitalized due to acute diarrhoea]. | a total of 74 fresh stool specimens obtained from children with acute diarrhoea (43) and without diarrhoea (31) were examined simultaneously for bacteria pathogens (culture methods) and for clostridium difficile toxin a (oxoid toxin a kits) and enteric viruses (only diarrhoeal samples) (slidex rota-adeno kits; biomçrieux). one (49%) or dual with c. difficile (23%) enteric pathogens associated with community-acquired diarrhoea (58% bacteria and 14% viruses) in 31 (72%) children were recognized. c ... | 2005 | 16433313 |
| direct immunofluorescence assay for rapid environmental detection of vibrio cholerae o1. | an immunofluorescence assay for direct detection of v. cholerae o1 was developed using polyclonal antibodies raised against outer membrane proteins (omps) of v. cholerae o1. production of omps varied with growth media used; maximum production was found in tryptic soy broth. the detection system was specific because no cross-reactivity was observed with other bacteria including v. cholerae o139, e. coli, s. dysenteriae and salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhi. the technique was able ... | 2005 | 16475506 |
| development of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting equine serum antibodies to the lipopolysaccharide of salmonella abortusequi. | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ielisa) was developed for the detection of equine serum antibodies to lipopolysaccharide of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortusequi (lps), a causative organism of equine paratyphoid. the data presented demonstrates that horses immunized with s. abortusequi lps developed antibodies detectable by the ielisa. by comparison, the tube agglutination test (tat) did not detect antibody to s. abortusequi lps as consistently as the ielisa. the ... | 2006 | 16483621 |
| inactivation of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium dt104, and listeria monocytogenes on inoculated alfalfa seeds with a fatty acid-based sanitizer. | alfalfa seeds were inoculated with a three-strain cocktail of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium dt104, or listeria monocytogenes by immersion to contain approximately 6 to 8 log cfu/g and then treated with a fatty acid-based sanitizer containing 250 ppm of peroxyacid, 1,000 ppm of caprylic and capric acids (emery 658), 1,000 ppm of lactic acid, and 500 ppm of glycerol monolaurate at a reference concentration of 1x. inoculated seeds were immersed at ... | 2006 | 16541689 |
| invasive non-typhoidal salmonellosis in immunocompetent infants and children. | to investigate the extraintestinal manifestations of non-typhoidal salmonellae (nts) infection in immunocompetent infants and children. | 2007 | 16564718 |
| differentiation of escherichia coli pathotypes by oligonucleotide spotted array. | to accurately determine the pathotypes of escherichia coli strains, a comprehensive assessment of each strain that targets multiple genes is required. a new approach to the identification and characterization of e. coli pathotypes was developed by constructing gene-specific probes (70-mers) for not only the virulence genes associated with each e. coli pathotype but also the o157-, cft073-, and k-12-specific and common genes of each pathotype. analysis of oligonucleotide probes with reference and ... | 2006 | 16597882 |
| genomic diversity within phage types of salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serotypes enteritidis and typhimurium. | the diversity among 1354 strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, serotype enteritidis (n = 847) and typhimurium (n = 507) isolated in finland in 1991-2002 (n = 608) and in 2003 (n = 746) were studied. the former strains were studied retrospectively by phage typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) harmonized in the european salm-gene project. the latter strains were studied prospectively, and the results correlated to their antimicrobial susceptibility and association with trav ... | 2006 | 16602985 |
| molecular genotyping of salmonella enterica abortusovis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. | genotyping of salmonella strains is an important tool to discriminate among isolates and to improve epidemiological studies when an outbreak occurs. no phagetyping scheme is available for salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar abortusovis (sao) and molecular methods previously used were not standardized and were time consuming. among the dna-based methods of genotyping, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) is currently in use to subtype salmonella isolates. in this study we evaluated the ... | 2006 | 16624505 |
| rapid and simple detection of food poisoning bacteria by bead assay with a microfluidic chip-based system. | a rapid bead assay for detecting pathogenic bacteria with a simple microfluidic chip-based system was developed. five oligonucleotide probes corresponding to the 16s rrna of the targeted bacteria were coupled covalently to fluorescent beads. four species of bacteria (escherichia coli, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis, yersinia enterocolitica, and bacillus cereus) were used as representative food-borne pathogenic bacteria. the rnas extracted from pure cultures of these micr ... | 2006 | 16678290 |
| stabilization of a plasmid coding for a heterologous antigen in salmonella enterica serotype typhi vaccine strain cvd908-htra by using site-specific recombination. | a gene cassette incorporating the crs-rsd site-specific recombination system from the salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar dublin virulence plasmid improved the inheritance in s. enterica serotype typhi strain cvd908-htra of a multicopy plasmid expression vector. use of this recombination cassette may improve expression of heterologous antigens from multicopy plasmid expression vectors in attenuated bacterial vaccine strains. | 2006 | 16790817 |
| comparison of antagonistic ability against enteropathogens by g+ and g- anaerobic dominant components of human fecal microbiota. | to confirm if anaerobic g+-components are those responsible for the function of colonization resistance, obligate anaerobic g+- and g- -bacteria from normal dominant microbiota of human feces were isolated from three successive collections and then used in in vitro assays for antagonism against two enteropathogenic bacteria. the production of inhibitory diffusible compounds was determined on supplemented bhi agar and mrs agar media for g- - and g+-bacteria, respectively. salmonella enterica subs ... | 2006 | 16821725 |
| herd-level risk factors for salmonella enterica subsp. enterica in u.s. market pigs. | midwest u.s. herds (n=63) were studied to identify risk factors for harboring salmonella enterica among slaughter-weight pigs. samples collected on farms (feces) and at slaughter (distal colonic content, cecal content and ileocolic lymph nodes) were cultured using conventional means. approximately 15 pigs were studied per herd, for a total of 3754 samples. the proportion of pigs positive in one or more samples was calculated for each herd. herd characteristics were described by a combination of ... | 2006 | 16828183 |
| variable-number tandem repeats that are useful in genotyping isolates of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars typhimurium and newport. | the genome of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strain lt2 was analyzed for direct repeats, and 54 sequences containing variable-number tandem repeat loci were identified. ten primer pairs that anneal upstream and downstream of each selected locus were designed and used to amplify pcr targets in isolates of s. enterica serovars typhimurium and newport. four of the 10 loci did not show polymorphism in the length of products. six loci were selected for analysis. isolates of s ... | 2006 | 16943354 |
| multiplex pcr-based method for identification of common clinical serotypes of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica. | a multiplex pcr method has been developed to differentiate between the most common clinical serotypes of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica encountered in washington state and the united states in general. six genetic loci from s. enterica serovar typhimurium and four from s. enterica serovar typhi were used to create an assay consisting of two five-plex pcrs. the assays gave reproducible results with 30 different serotypes that represent the most common clinical isolates of s. enterica subsp. ... | 2006 | 16943358 |
| phenotypic and genotypic differentiation of porcine salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar derby isolates. | sixty-two salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar derby isolates from slaughter pigs and meat products isolated in southern brazil were analyzed for their genomic relationships and for the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes. twenty-four s. derby isolates were indistinguishable by their subtracted restriction fingerprinting (srf) pattern, xbai- and blni-macrorestriction patterns, phage type, plasmid profile, and resistance pattern. in contrast to the blni-macrorestriction patterns, th ... | 2006 | 16971066 |
| simulation model estimates of test accuracy and predictive values for the danish salmonella surveillance program in dairy herds. | the danish government and cattle industry instituted a salmonella surveillance program in october 2002 to help reduce salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype dublin (s. dublin) infections. all dairy herds are tested by measuring antibodies in bulk tank milk at 3-month intervals. the program is based on a well-established elisa, but the overall test program accuracy and misclassification was not previously investigated. we developed a model to simulate repeated bulk tank milk antibody measur ... | 2006 | 16979767 |
| molecular characterisation of salmonella strains by an oligonucleotide multiprobe microarray. | a dna microarray has been developed for the simultaneous characterisation and typing of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolates. one-hundred and nine 35-40 mer oligonucleotides probes detect flagellar and somatic antigen encoding genes (serogroup or serotype specific), important virulence genes located within or outside the pathogenicity islands, phage-associated genes and antibiotic resistance determinants. the probes were printed on glass slides and whole genomic cy5-labelled salmonella d ... | 2007 | 17029709 |
| a strain of salmonella enterica serovar virchow isolated in turkey and carrying a ctx-m-3 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. | a multiply resistant strain of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar virchow was isolated in november 2002 from a catheterized patient admitted to the ssk training hospital in ankara, turkey. this isolate showed an antimicrobial susceptibility pattern compatible with the presence of a ctx-m-type esbl, namely resistance to cefotaxime, aztreonam and cefepime, and intermediate susceptibility to ceftazidime. on checking for the presence of the bla(tem), bla(shv), and bla(ctx-m )resistance gene ... | 2006 | 17129843 |
| mlst-v, multilocus sequence typing based on virulence genes, for molecular typing of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica is one of the main causative agents of food-borne disease in man, and can also be the cause of serious systemic illness. organisms belonging to this genus have traditionally been classified on the basis of the antigenic properties of the cell-surface lipopolysaccharide and of the phase 1 and phase 2 flagellar proteins. primary isolation, biochemical identification, and serotyping are laborious and time consuming. molecular identification based on suitable mark ... | 2007 | 17208323 |
| optimizing typhoid fever case definitions by combining serological tests in a large population study in hechi city, china. | blood culture-based diagnosis can only detect a fraction of the total burden of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhi. the objective of the study was to detect additional typhoid fever cases through serological tests. a total of 1732 prolonged fever episodes were evaluated using three serological tests, widal, tubex and typhidot-m in a typhoid fever endemic area of southern china. a case definition which included a positive widal test (to>or=80 & th>a), a positive tubex test (>or=4) ... | 2007 | 17217551 |
| evaluation of a modified single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism (se-aflp) technique for subtyping salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype enteritidis is not readily subtyped beyond the level of phage type (pt). pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) is generally acknowledged to be the most discriminating typing method for salmonella, but only a restricted variety of pfge types has been described for s. enterica serotype enteritidis. in the present study, a modification of the se-aflp typing method was used to investigate both outbreak and apparently sporadic isolates of s. enterica ser ... | 2007 | 17224257 |
| phenotypic and genetic characterization of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium isolated from pigs in rio grande do sul, brazil. | this study aimed to investigate the relatedness of porcine salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (s.) serovar typhimurium strains isolated in southern brazil. sixty-six isolates from pigs belonging to three commercial companies were submitted to phage typing, xbai-macrorestriction (pfge), is200 hybridization, rep-pcr, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and pcr assay targeting the spvr region. all strains presented a unique rep-pcr pattern and 63 strains had a common is200 profile. one pulse-typ ... | 2007 | 17336354 |
| experimental infection of salmonella enteritidis by the poultry red mite, dermanyssus gallinae. | dermanyssus gallinae is an important ectoparasite of laying hens in europe and it is suspected of being a vector of pathogens. we carried out an in vitro study to evaluate the role of d. gallinae as a vector of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype enteritidis. two means of infecting the mite were tested: through the blood meal and after cuticular contact. mites became carriers of salmonella immediately after the infection with 29% and 53%, respectively, for oral route and cuticular conta ... | 2007 | 17382475 |
| weakening of salmonella with selected microbial metabolites of berry-derived phenolic compounds and organic acids. | gram-negative bacteria are important food spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. their unique outer membrane (om) provides them with a hydrophilic surface structure, which makes them inherently resistant to many antimicrobial agents, thus hindering their control. however, with permeabilizers, compounds that disintegrate and weaken the om, gram-negative cells can be sensitized to several external agents. although antimicrobial activity of plant-derived phenolic compounds has been widely reported, thei ... | 2007 | 17439151 |
| evaluation of stocking density and subtherapeutic chlortetracycline on salmonella enterica subsp. enterica shedding in growing swine. | the objective of this research was to determine the effect of stocking density and inclusion of subtherapeutic chlortetracycline in the diet on salmonella fecal prevalence and antimicrobial resistance in growing swine. a 2 x 2 factorial design was employed on a privately owned commercial swine farm. four finisher rooms were included in the study. two of the rooms received 50 g/tonnes of chlortetracycline in the ration, two rooms received no antimicrobials in the feed. in each room, alternate pen ... | 2007 | 17482387 |
| antibody-quantum dot conjugates exhibit enhanced antibacterial effect vs. unconjugated quantum dots. | the effect of a 20-min exposure to antibody-quantum dot (ab-qd) conjugates on colony counts of escherichia coli was assessed by the spread-plate method and compared with exposure to unconjugated qds having only amine or carboxyl groups on their surfaces. under these conditions, ab-qd conjugates generally exhibited >90% reduction in colony-forming units as compared to untreated e. coli and e. coli treated with unconjugated qds after incubation for as long as 41 h. the antibacterial effect of ab-q ... | 2007 | 17571792 |
| salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar agona infections in commercial pheasant flocks. | infections in pheasant flocks due to salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar agona occurred in a commercial pheasant farm in 1995 and 2000. s. enterica serovar agona isolates obtained from the affected birds in both years and an environmental sample from 1998 showed an identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern, indicating that the farm was continually contaminated with the strain during this period. nine hundred and seventy-three of 1850 birds (56.2%) died at 4 to 5 days of age in 1 ... | 2003 | 17585459 |
| genotypes, serotypes, and antibiotic resistance profiles of salmonella isolated from commercial north carolina turkey farms. | this study was designed to determine the serotypes, genotypes, and antibiotic resistance (abr) patterns of 42 salmonella isolates recovered from either fecal or litter samples of 12 commercial turkey farms across two seasons (summer and winter) and two ages (3 and 19 weeks). isolates were serotyped on the basis of the kauffmann-white scheme. genotyping was done by restriction digestion of cdna (xbai) and subsequent pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). the abr was determined with sensititre s ... | 2007 | 17612059 |
| effects of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis vaccination in layer hens subjected to s. enteritidis challenge and various feed withdrawal regimens. | levels of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis infection and serum s. enteritidis antibodies after experimental s. enteritidis challenge and feed withdrawal were investigated in s. enteritidis-vaccinated and unvaccinated hens. the results were used to determine whether formalin-inactivated s. enteritidis vaccination can protect layer hens from s. enteritidis challenge during feed withdrawal periods. s. enteritidis infection rates were evaluated from cloacal swabs, eggs and org ... | 2007 | 17624693 |