| a positive correlation between mercury and oxidative stress-related gene expression (gpx3 and gstm3) is measured in female double-crested cormorant blood. | mercury (hg) is a widespread contaminant that has been shown to induce a wide range of adverse health effects in birds including reproductive, physiological and neurological impairments. here we explored the relationship between blood total hg concentrations ([thg]) and oxidative stress gene induction in the aquatic piscivorous double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) using a non-lethal technique, i.e., blood gene expression analysis. p. auritus blood was sampled at five sites across th ... | 2014 | 24788667 |
| accumulation of organochlorine contaminants in double-crested cormorants. | cormorant eggs and lipid samples from juvenile cormorants were analyzed for 14 organochlorine contaminants. low concentrations (geometric mean < 0.05 microg/g) of hexachlorobenzene (hcb), lindane, oxy-chlordane, heptachlor epoxide, dieldrin, endrin, mirex, ddd and ddt in eggs primarily reflected the wintering-ground origin of organochlorine contaminants. overall geometric mean concentrations of dde and pcbs in cormorant eggs were 3.90 and 2.22 microg/g egg respectively, and would not affect repr ... | 1993 | 15091867 |
| geographic segregation and evidence of density-dependent changes in sex ratios in an abundant colonial waterbird. | demographic information, such as geographic segregation of sexes and sex ratio data, is needed to develop, model and evaluate conservation and management strategies for wildlife. a variety of physiological, behavioral and environmental factors can influence segregation of sexes and sex ratios, many of which originate with density-dependent processes. departure from 50:50 sex ratios of double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) collected during control efforts in breeding and wintering are ... | 2014 | 24750575 |
| the effect of breathing oxygen and air on diving bradycardia in cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus). | | 1988 | 3404080 |
| amphibious visual optics of the eyes of the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) and the brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis). | | 1977 | 871989 |
| distribution and biochemical effects of ddt, ddd and dde in penned double-crested cormorants. | | 1973 | 4771599 |
| pathology of amphimerus elongatus (digenea: opisthorchiidae) in the liver of the double-crested cormorant. | | 1972 | 5049111 |
| two new species of helminths from the cormorant, phalacrocorax auritus. | | 1950 | 15409578 |
| differential trends in mercury concentrations in double-crested cormorant populations of the canadian prairies. | mercury and selenium concentrations were measured in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus), piscivorous fish, and common prey items in five lakes in two ecoregions in saskatchewan, canada. hg and se concentrations in cormorants were within the natural ranges of birds living in un-impacted sites. site explained a significant proportion of the variation in total hg (thg) and methylmercury (mehg) concentrations in both cormorant breast muscle and livers. birds nesting on more northern l ... | 2014 | 24515398 |
| using species distribution models to define nesting habitat of the eastern metapopulation of double-crested cormorants. | when organisms with similar phenotypes have conflicting management and conservation initiatives, approaches are needed to differentiate among subpopulations or discrete groups. for example, the eastern metapopulation of the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) has a migratory phenotype that is culled because they are viewed as a threat to commercial and natural resources, whereas resident birds are targeted for conservation. understanding the distinct breeding habitats of resident ve ... | 2017 | 28070303 |
| social contagion of risk perceptions in environmental management networks. | an important requisite for improving risk communication practice related to contentious environmental issues is having a better theoretical understanding of how risk perceptions function in real-world social systems. our study applied scherer and cho's social network contagion theory of risk perception (snctrp) to cormorant management (a contentious environmental management issue) in the great lakes basin to: (1) assess contagion effects on cormorant-related risk perceptions and individual facto ... | 2013 | 23231537 |
| double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) nesting effects on understory composition and diversity on island ecosystems in lake erie. | the context for this study is the management concerns over the severity and extent of the impact of cormorants on island flora in the recent past on lake erie islands. accordingly, this study sought to quantify the nesting colonies' influence on coarse woody litter and how nest densities and litter depth may influence the herbaceous layer, the seed bank composition and viability across the extent of three lake erie islands. the data for this study were collected from 2004 to 2008 on east sister ... | 2012 | 22643824 |
| isotopic discrimination in the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus). | the diet-tissue discrimination factor is the amount by which a consumer's tissue varies isotopically from its diet, and is therefore a key element in models that use stable isotopes to estimate diet composition. in this study we measured discrimination factors in blood (whole blood, red blood cells and plasma), liver, muscle and feathers of double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) for stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur. cormorants exhibited discrimination factors that ... | 2015 | 26473353 |
| genetic sequence data identifies the cercaria of drepanocephalus spathans (digenea: echinostomatidae), a parasite of the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus), with notes on its pathology in juvenile channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | an unidentified xiphidio-type cercaria, previously thought inconsequential to catfish health, was found to be released from marsh rams-horn snails (planorbella trivolvis) inhabiting ponds on a commercial catfish operation in the mississippi delta. a preliminary challenge of cohabiting channel catfish ( ictalurus punctatus ) with snails actively shedding the unidentified cercariae resulted in death of some fish. a second cohabitation trial yielded similar results, as did a third challenge of 250 ... | 2012 | 22519725 |
| the effects of depth on the cardiac and behavioural responses of double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) during voluntary diving. | heart rate and dive behaviour were monitored in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) during shallow (1 m) and deep diving (12 m), after breathing different gas mixtures, to investigate the role of depth and the accompanying changes in blood gas levels in cardiac and behavioural control during voluntary diving. pre-dive heart rate in both shallow- and deep-diving birds was approximately three times the resting heart rate (137.9+/-17.5 beats min(-1); mean +/- s.d., n=5), falling abrup ... | 2001 | 11809782 |
| molecular and morphological characterization of austrodiplostomum ostrowskiae dronen, 2009 (digenea: diplostomatidae), a parasite of cormorants in the americas. | the diplostomid genus austrodiplostomum currently contains two species, i.e. a. mordax and a. ostrowskiae. adults of these species inhabit the intestine of cormorants of the genus nannopterum, whereas larval forms (metacercariae) are found in the eyes (vitreous humor) of freshwater fishes. records of both species have been established across a wide geographic range in the americas. diplostomid adults and metacercariae were collected from a wide geographical range that spans from south-eastern me ... | 2016 | 25735970 |
| perfluoroalkyl compounds (pfcs) in wildlife from an urban estuary. | previous research has documented the bioaccumulation of perfluoroalkyl compounds (pfcs) in apex predators in remote locations but few studies have evaluated urban estuaries. to assess the importance of pfcs in san francisco bay, two apex predators in the san francisco bay, double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) and pacific harbor seals (phoca vitulina richardii), were sampled. prey fish (atherinops affinis and menidia audens) were also evaluated to better understand potential sources ... | 2012 | 22134832 |
| evidence for sex differences in mercury dynamics in double-crested cormorants. | aquatic fish-eating birds can demethylate methylmercury in their livers. in this study, we determined whether a previously documented male bias in mercury concentration in double-crested cormorants ( phalacrocorax auritus ) was due entirely to the depuration of mercury into eggs or might also in part be related to sex differences in methylmercury demethylation or biliary excretion capability in the liver. we found egg depuration accounted for less than a fifth of the mercury concentration differ ... | 2011 | 21244090 |
| mercury in parasitic nematodes and trematodes and their double-crested cormorant hosts: bioaccumulation in the face of sequestration by nematodes. | endoparasites can alter their host's heavy metal concentrations by sequestering metals in their own tissues. contracaecum spp. (a nematode), but not drepanocephalus spathans (a trematode), were bioaccumulating mercury to concentrations 1.5 times above cormorant hosts. nematodes did not have significantly greater stable nitrogen isotope values (δ(15)n) than their hosts, which is contradictory to prey-predator trophic enrichment studies, but is in agreement with other endoparasite-host relationshi ... | 2010 | 20797771 |
| identification of 24 polymorphic microsatellite markers for the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus). | twenty-four polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus). the number of alleles ranged from two to 13 and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.032 to 0.871. the use of these loci should enable researchers and biologists to learn more about the population structure and ecology of this species. | 2009 | 21564869 |
| effects of egg size on double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) egg composition and hatchling phenotype. | maternal investment of yolk and albumen in avian eggs varies with egg mass and contributes to variation in hatchling mass. here we use the natural variation in mass and composition of double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) eggs to examine consequences of variation in yolk and albumen mass on hatchling phenotype. the double-crested cormorant, a large bird with altricial young, lays eggs ranging in mass from 40 to 60 g and containing an average of 82% albumen and 18% yolk. variation in c ... | 2009 | 19000773 |
| cardiac responses to first ever submergence in double-crested cormorant chicks (phalacrocorax auritus). | heart rates were recorded from double-crested cormorant chicks during their first ever and subsequent voluntary head submergences and dives, as well as during longer dives made after the chicks were accustomed to diving. despite variation between chicks, the cardiac response to first ever and subsequent voluntary submergence (head submergences and dives) was similar to the response observed in adult cormorants. upon submersion the heart rate fell rapidly when pre-submersion heart rate was high ( ... | 1999 | 10682251 |
| hematology and serum chemistry of captive juvenile double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus). | hematologic and serum chemical values were obtained for double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) to improve clinical diagnosis of disease in this species. blood samples were collected from 20 captive double-crested cormorants at 4 to 6 weeks of age. hematocrit and leukocyte concentrations were determined in heparinized blood. concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, calcium, phosphorus, creatinine, glucose, uric acid, total protein, and albumin, and the activity level ... | 1999 | 10416069 |
| mercury distribution in blood, tissues, and feathers of double-crested cormorant nestlings from arid-lands reservoirs in south central new mexico. | eggs, blood, liver, muscle, and feathers were analyzed for concentrations of total mercury in double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) nestlings from two reservoirs in south central new mexico. total mercury concentrations among eggs, tissues, and feathers were not significantly correlated. concentrations of total mercury averaged 0.40 microg/g in liver and 0.18 microg/g in muscle tissues in both populations of nestlings. there were no significant changes in concentrations of total mercu ... | 1999 | 10227865 |
| instrumentation for the remote monitoring of physiological and behavioral variables. | few commercial products are available for investigators who wish to monitor multiple physiological and behavioral variables in unrestrained subjects. when telemetry is not practical, e.g., in studies of at-sea diving physiology, one of the only options is to design and build a custom data-logging instrument. this paper describes how a data logger was developed for the successful long-term monitoring of dive depth, swim speed, heart rate, water temperature, and multiple body temperatures from fre ... | 1998 | 9804606 |
| organochlorine contaminants in double-crested cormorants from green bay, wi: i. large-scale extraction and isolation from eggs using semi-permeable membrane dialysis. | a 41.3-kg sample of double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) egg contents was extracted, yielding over 2 l of egg lipid. the double-crested cormorant (dcc) egg extract, after clean-up and concentration, was intended for use in egg injection studies to determine the embryotoxicity of the organic contaminants found within the eggs. large-scale dialysis was used as a preliminary treatment to separate the extracted contaminants from the co-extracted sample lipids. the lipid was dialyzed in 8 ... | 1996 | 8781072 |
| polychlorinated biphenyls and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents in eggs of double-crested cormorants from a colony near green bay, wisconsin, usa. | great lakes colonial waterbirds have experienced poor reproduction and a greater incidence of birth defects than those in remote areas. an egg was collected from each of 1,000 marked cormorant nests at spider island (lake michigan). nine pools comprised of three eggs were randomly selected for instrumental quantification of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) congeners, calculation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (teq) and measurement of equivalents by bioassay (tcdd-eq). pcb anal ... | 1995 | 7487156 |
| accumulation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents by double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus, pelicaniformes) chicks in the north american great lakes. | concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlordibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (tcdd-eq) were determined in eggs and chicks of double-crested cormorants (dcc) which were collected in 1989 from eight locations in the laurentian great lakes. the mean biomagnification factor (bmf) from forage fish to eggs was found to be 31.3. absolute and relative concentrations as well as rates of accumulation of total concentrations of pcbs and tcdd-eq were measurable in all of the sample ... | 1994 | 7516285 |
| oxidative stress in laboratory-incubated double-crested cormorant eggs collected from the great lakes. | double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) eggs were collected in 1998 from three sites on lakes huron and superior and either analyzed for 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd)-like residues or artifically incubated. some of the incubated eggs were injected with vitamin e (antioxidant) or piperonyl butoxide (cypia blocker) to examine the role of cypia and oxidative stress in normal bird development. embryos (day 23) were analyzed for hepatic ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) act ... | 2003 | 14708670 |
| organochlorine contaminants in seabird eggs from the pacific coast of canada, 1971-1986. | eggs were collected from seven seabird species at colonies on the british columbia coast from 1983 to 1986 and analyzed for organochlorine contaminants. total pcb levels (wet weight) were highest in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) from the fraser estuary (2.91 mg kg(-1)) and the strait of georgia (3.79 mg kg(-1)). highest dde levels were in fork-tailed storm-petrels (oceanodroma furcata) from the queen charlotte islands (1.68 mg kg(-1)). organochlorine levels were generally low ... | 1989 | 24249067 |
| egg concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in double-crested (phalacrocorax auritus) and pelagic (p. pelagicus) cormorants from the strait of georgia, canada, 1973-1998. | eggs of double-crested and pelagic cormorants were collected between 1973 and 1998 from colonies in the strait of georgia, bc, canada, and assayed for concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds), dibenzofurans (pcdfs), and non-ortho- and mono-ortho-biphenyls (pcbs). double-crested cormorant eggs contained (on average) up to 433 ng kg(-1) wet weight 1,2,3,6,7,8-hxcdd, 151 ng kg(-1) 1,2,3,7,8-pncdd, and 74 ng kg(-1) 2,3,7,8-tcdd, whereas pelagic cormorant eggs contained up to 300, ... | 2003 | 12666908 |
| organochlorine contaminants and biomarker response in double-crested cormorants nesting in green bay and lake michigan, wisconsin, usa. | double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) eggs at pipping and sibling 10-day-old chicks were collected from two colonies in green bay, wi, one colony in lake michigan, wi, and reference colonies in south dakota and minnesota. egg contents and chicks were analyzed for organochlorine contaminants including polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners. livers of embryos and chicks were assayed for hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin-o-dealkylase (erod) activity. eggshell thickness and the physica ... | 2001 | 11116344 |
| a morphological and molecular study of adults and metacercariae of hysteromorpha triloba (rudolpi, 1819), lutz 1931 (diplostomidae) from the neotropical region. | adults of hysteromorpha triloba (rudolpi, 1819), lutz, 1931 inhabit primarily the intestine of cormorants across the globe, whereas metacercariae have been found in the body cavity of freshwater fishes of the families cyprinidae, ictaluridae, ariidae, pimelodidae and catostomidae. in this study, adults and metacercariae identified as h. triloba were collected from the neotropical cormorant (nannopterum brasilianus) and from the mexican tetra fish (astyanax mexicanus) from the gulf of mexico and ... | 2018 | 29363439 |
| west nile virus prevalence in wild birds from mexico. | west nile virus (wnv) emerged in the americas with its introduction in 1999 and now is considered endemic across the continent. in 2002, wnv was detected in mexico, where its occurrence and mortality are considerably lower compared with the us. however, continuous national surveillance programs in mexico are nonexistent. birds are considered the primary hosts and primary geographic dispersers of this pathogen. a total of 200 cloacal and tracheal samples from wild migratory or resident birds were ... | 2019 | 30339087 |
| using bloodmeal analysis to assess disease risk to wildlife at the new northern limit of a mosquito species. | the historically southeastern mosquito species culex erraticus has over the last 30 years undergone a marked expansion north. we evaluated this species' potential to participate in local disease cycles in the northeastern usa by identifying the vertebrate sources of blood in cx. erraticus specimens from new jersey. we found that the majority of bloodmeals (92.6%) were derived from birds, followed by 6.8% from mammals (of which half were human), and a single amphibian bloodmeal from a spring peep ... | 2018 | 30242538 |
| extracts of passive samplers deployed in variably contaminated wetlands in the athabasca oil sands region elicit biochemical and transcriptomic effects in avian hepatocytes. | recent contaminant monitoring in boreal wetlands situated in alberta's athabasca oil sands region revealed increased concentrations of polycyclic aromatic compounds (pacs) in passive sampling devices deployed in wetlands close to bitumen surface mining operations. in this study, graded concentrations of semipermeable membrane device (spmd) extracts, collected from 4 wetlands with variable burdens of pacs, were administered to chicken and double-crested cormorant (dcco) embryonic hepatocytes to d ... | 2019 | 31276616 |
| effects of early-life stage exposure of double-crested cormorant embryos to 4 environmental chemicals on apical outcomes of regulatory relevance. | environmental risk assessment is often challenged by a lack of toxicity data for ecological species. the overall goal of this research project was to employ an avian early-life stage toxicity test to determine the effects of four chemicals (benzo[a]pyrene [bap], chlorpyrifos [cpf], fluoxetine hydrochloride [flx], ethinylestradiol [ee2]) in an ecologically relevant avian species, the double-crested cormorant (dcco; phalacrocorax auritus), and to compare our results with those we previously report ... | 2020 | 33136306 |
| experimental and modeled thermoregulatory costs of repeated sublethal oil exposure in the double-crested cormorant, phalacrocorax auritus. | to fully understand the impact of oil exposure, it is important to understand sublethal effects like how increased thermoregulatory costs may affect survival and reproduction. however, it is difficult and time-consuming to measure these effects in wild animals. we present a novel use of a bioenergetics model, niche mapper™, to estimate thermoregulatory impacts of oiling, using data from captive double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) experimentally exposed to oil. oiled cormorants had ... | 2018 | 30301033 |
| multilocus phylogenetic analysis and morphological data reveal a new species composition of the genus drepanocephalus dietz, 1909 (digenea: echinostomatidae), parasites of fish-eating birds in the americas. | members of the genus drepanocephalus are endoparasites of fish-eating birds of the families phalacrocoracidae and sulidae distributed across the americas. currently, drepanocephalus contains three species, i.e. d. spathans (type species), d. olivaceus and d. auritus. two additional species, d. parvicephalus and d. mexicanus were transferred to the genus petasiger. in the current study, available dna sequences of d. spathans, d. auritus and drepanocephalus sp., were aligned with newly generated s ... | 2017 | 28974279 |
| potential of double-crested cormorants ( phalacrocorax auritus), american white pelicans ( pelecanus erythrorhynchos), and wood storks ( mycteria americana) to transmit a hypervirulent strain of aeromonas hydrophila between channel catfish culture ponds. | aeromonas hydrophila is a gram-negative bacterium ubiquitous to freshwater and brackish aquatic environments that can cause disease in fish, humans, reptiles, and birds. recent severe outbreaks of disease in commercial channel catfish ( ictalurus punctatus) aquaculture ponds have been associated with a hypervirulent aeromonas hydrophila strain (vah) that is genetically distinct from less virulent strains. the epidemiology of this disease has not been determined. given that research has shown tha ... | 2018 | 29671715 |
| a rapid method of preparing complex organohalogen extracts from avian eggs: applications to in vitro toxicogenomics screening. | double-crested cormorants are piscivorous birds that breed in variably contaminated colonies across the laurentian great lakes of north america. collection and preparation of environmentally relevant extracts from eggs that contain variable concentrations of organohalogen contaminants represents a minimally invasive approach to characterize potential effects of exposure using in vitro bioassays. in the present study, a rapid, efficient lipid freeze-filtration extraction method was used to prepar ... | 2019 | 30657196 |
| prioritization of 10 organic flame retardants using an avian hepatocyte toxicogenomic assay. | as the number of chemicals developed and used by industry increases, the inherent limitations of traditional toxicology approaches become an unavoidable issue. to help meet the demand for toxicity evaluation, new methods, such as high-throughput toxicity screening, are currently being developed to permit rapid determination of toxic, molecular, and/or biochemical effects of a wide range of chemicals. in the present study, we demonstrate the utility of an avian in vitro toxicogenomics screening a ... | 2018 | 30133003 |
| anatomy and histochemistry of spread-wing posture in birds. i. wing drying posture in the double-crested cormorant, phalacrocorax auritus. | spread-wing postures of birds often have been studied with respect to the function of behavior, but ignored with regard to the mechanism by which the birds accomplish posture. the double-crested cormorant, phalacrocorax auritus, was used as a model for this study of spread-wing posture. those muscles capable of positioning and maintaining the wing in extension and protraction were assayed histochemically for the presence of slow (postural) muscle fibers. within the forelimb of phalacrocorax, mm. ... | 1997 | 29852695 |
| landscape scale thermoregulatory costs from sublethal exposure to deep water horizon oil in the double-crested cormorant. | toxic effects of heavy oiling to wildlife are well known from oil spills, although sublethal oil exposure effects are poorly understood. we used niche mapper™, to compute spatially and temporally specific energetic and behavioral impacts of repeated sublethal oil exposure to double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus). during winter (october-march) cormorants exposed to 13 g, 39 g, and 65-78 g of oil, had on average a 31%, 59%, and 76% predicted increase in total resting energetic requirem ... | 2020 | 32479288 |
| toxicogenomic assessment of complex chemical signatures in double-crested cormorant embryos from variably contaminated great lakes sites. | using omics approaches to monitor complex environmental mixtures is challenging. previously, we evaluated in vitro transcriptomic effects of complex organic extracts derived from avian eggs. however, there is a lack of studies using wild species that are naturally exposed to contaminant mixtures. here, we examined polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) and polybrominated diphenyl ether (pbde) residues and gene expression in embryonic liver tissue of double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) coll ... | 2020 | 32459094 |
| investigations on the buckling and dynamics of diving-inspired systems when entering water. | this work provides comparative modeling approaches to determine the velocities and natural frequencies of plunge-diving bird and bioinspired drone systems when entering water. these systems are chosen to further explain the survival of diving birds as they impact water and to provide insight into the design geometry and material choice of bioinspired diving drones. a nonlinear reduced-order model is developed and utilized to analyze the dive at impact considering both timoshenko and euler-bernou ... | 2020 | 32066135 |
| data of soil, vegetation and bird species found on double-crested cormorant colonies in the southeastern united states. | this data article provides the methods and procedures followed to collect and analyse soil, vegetation and bird data on three different treatment islands in guntersville reservoir, alabama. samples were collected from randomly selected plot points from islands that were placed into three different treatment types: colony (currently occupied by double-crested cormorants) (phalacrocorax auritus; n = 5), historic (historically occupied by cormorants and currently abandoned; n = 3) and reference (ne ... | 2019 | 31763391 |
| effects of repeated sublethal external exposure to deep water horizon oil on the avian metabolome. | we assessed adverse effects of external sublethal exposure of deepwater horizon, mississippi canyon 252 oil on plasma and liver metabolome profiles of the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus), a large (1.5 to 3.0 kg) diving waterbird common in the gulf of mexico. metabolomics analysis of avian plasma showed significant negative effects on avian metabolic profiles, in some cases after only two external exposures (26 g cumulative) to oil. we observed significant (p < 0.05) changes in i ... | 2019 | 30674908 |
| clinostomum poteae n. sp. (digenea: clinostomidae), in the trachea of a double-crested cormorant phalacrocorax auritus lesson, 1831 and molecular data linking the life-cycle stages of clinostomum album rosser, alberson, woodyard, cunningham, pote & griffin, 2017 in mississippi, usa. | clinostomum spp. (digenea: clinostomidae) are a group of trematodes commonly found in the buccal cavity and oesophagus of a variety of piscivorous birds. the metacercariae, colloquially known as "yellow grubs," have been reported from a diverse group of freshwater fishes worldwide. in the catfish farming region of the southeastern usa, piscivorous birds present a continuous challenge for aquaculturists in the form of fish depredation and the introduction of trematodes into these static, earthen ... | 2018 | 29855982 |
| using pentosidine and hydroxyproline to predict age and sex in an avian species. | all living organisms are subject to senescence accompanied by progressive and irreversible physiological changes. the error damage and cross-linking theories suggest that cells and tissues are damaged by an accumulation of cross-linked proteins, slowing down bodily processes and resulting in aging. a major category of these cross-linked proteins are compounds called advanced glycation end products (ages). we investigated the relationship between accumulation of the age, pentosidine (ps), and hyd ... | 2017 | 29152193 |
| fine scale characteristics of catfish aquaculture ponds influencing piscivorous avian species foraging use in the mississippi delta. | piscivorous avian species are the main source of catfish depredation at aquaculture facilities in mississippi, resulting in the economic loss of millions of dollars every year. most notable of these avian species are the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus), great blue heron (ardea herodias), and great egret (a. alba). understanding why these species select specific ponds can increase management efficiency directed at avian dispersal and provide insight into their decision making wit ... | 2020 | 32101563 |
| sterols and stanols as novel tracers of waterbird population dynamics in freshwater ponds. | with the expansion of urban centres in the mid-twentieth century and the post-1970 decrease in pesticides, populations of double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) and ring-billed gulls (larus delawarensis) around lake ontario (canada and usa) have rapidly rebounded, possibly to unprecedented numbers. along with the use of traditional palaeolimnological methods (e.g. stable isotopes, biological proxies), we now have the capacity to develop specific markers for directly tracking the prese ... | 2018 | 29695442 |
| changes in mercury exposure of marine birds breeding in the gulf of maine, 2008-2013. | mercury is a potent contaminant that can disrupt an organism's behavior and physiology, ultimately affecting reproductive success. over the last 100 years, environmental deposition of anthropogenic sourced mercury has increased globally, particularly in the u.s. northeast region. marine birds are considered effective bioindicators of ecosystem health, including persistent marine contaminants. goodale et al. (2008) found that mercury exposure exceeded adverse effects levels in some marine bird sp ... | 2018 | 29571358 |
| substituted diphenylamine antioxidants and benzotriazole uv stabilizers in blood plasma of fish, turtles, birds and dolphins from north america. | substituted diphenylamine antioxidants (sdpas) and benzotriazole uv stabilizers (bzt-uvs) are additives used in industrial and commercial applications to prevent degradation by oxidation and are contaminants of emerging environmental concern. little is known about the fate of these contaminants in wildlife, particularly in reptiles, birds and marine mammals. nine sdpas and six bzt-uvs were measured in blood plasma of seven fish species, snapping turtles (chelydra serpentina), double-crested corm ... | 2019 | 30081360 |
| mercury concentrations in double-crested cormorant chicks across canada. | mercury (hg) biomagnifies in aquatic food chains and can reach high concentrations in fish-eating birds. spatial patterns of hg have been found in freshwater ecosystems across canada for many taxa, including fish and birds. however, it often is challenging to sample a representative population size of adult birds to monitor concentrations of contaminants over a large spatial scale. moreover, adult birds can migrate and can show a contaminant profile that may not be representative of local resour ... | 2018 | 29748709 |
| airborne polycyclic aromatic compounds contribute to the induction of the tumour-suppressing p53 pathway in wild double-crested cormorants. | polycyclic aromatic compounds (pacs), including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) and pah-like compounds are known or probable environmental carcinogens released into the environment as a by-product of incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and other organic materials. studies have shown that exposure to pacs in the environment can induce both genotoxicity and epigenetic toxicity, but few studies have related pac exposure to molecular changes in free ranging wildlife. previous work has sugg ... | 2018 | 29276953 |
| seabirds as regional biomonitors of legacy toxicants on an urbanized coastline. | seabirds are often cited as sentinels of the marine environment, but are rarely used in traditional ocean and coastal contaminant monitoring. four classes of persistent organic pollutants (pops, n=68) and three trace elements (mercury, selenium, and arsenic) were measured in the eggs of california least terns (sterna antillarum browni), caspian terns (hydroprogne caspia), double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus), and western gulls (larus occidentalis) that nest in the southern californi ... | 2018 | 29156266 |