Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| two new species of helminths from the cormorant, phalacrocorax auritus. | 1950 | 15409578 | |
| pathology of amphimerus elongatus (digenea: opisthorchiidae) in the liver of the double-crested cormorant. | 1972 | 5049111 | |
| the double crested cormorant, phalacrocorax auritus, natural host of neogogatea kentuckiensis (cable, 1935) hoffman and dunbar, 1963. | 1972 | 5042069 | |
| distribution and biochemical effects of ddt, ddd and dde in penned double-crested cormorants. | 1973 | 4771599 | |
| amphibious visual optics of the eyes of the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) and the brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis). | 1977 | 871989 | |
| antimicrobial resistant salmonella spp. isolated from double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) and common loons (gavia immer) in florida. | antimicrobial resistant salmonella spp. were found in double-crested cormorants and common loons in florida. single or multiple resistance occurred in all salmonella agona isolates from cormorants, primarily to ampicillin, sulfonamids, streptomycin, neomycin, and kanamycin. similar patterns of resistance were found in s. agona isolates from common loons. in addition, isolates of s. saint paul from loons were found resistant to tetracycline and streptomycin, while 2 of 7 isolates of s. infantis w ... | 1979 | 384026 |
| shell thinning and residues of organochlorines and mercury in seabird eggs, eastern canada, 1970-76. | organochlorine and mercury concentrations are reported for 252 eggs of leach's storm-petrel (oceanodroma leucorhoa), double-crested cormorant (phalarocorax auritus), common eider (somateria mollissima), common tern (sterna hirundo), razorbill (alca torda), common murre (uria aalge) black guillemot (cepphus grylle), and atlantic puffin (fratercula arctica) from the bay of fundy, the gulf of st. lawrence, and the open atlantic shore of canada during 1970-76. concentrations of all organochlorines e ... | 1979 | 117427 |
| free and forced diving in birds. | heart rates were measured during free and forced diving on each of two species of aquatic birds: the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus), a true diver, and the canada goose (branta candensis), a bottom feeder in shallow water. when they immersed voluntarily they showed no bradycardia, but when the same birds were forcibly held under water there was a rapid drop in heart rate to well below that at rest. this decrease indicates that ther may be a large component of emotional stress in ... | 1981 | 7192883 |
| the effect of breathing oxygen and air on diving bradycardia in cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus). | 1988 | 3404080 | |
| organochlorine contaminants in seabird eggs from the pacific coast of canada, 1971-1986. | eggs were collected from seven seabird species at colonies on the british columbia coast from 1983 to 1986 and analyzed for organochlorine contaminants. total pcb levels (wet weight) were highest in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) from the fraser estuary (2.91 mg kg(-1)) and the strait of georgia (3.79 mg kg(-1)). highest dde levels were in fork-tailed storm-petrels (oceanodroma furcata) from the queen charlotte islands (1.68 mg kg(-1)). organochlorine levels were generally low ... | 1989 | 24249067 |
| organochlorine contaminants in eggs of seabirds in the northwest atlantic, 1968-1984. | eggs of three seabird species, double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus). leach's storm-petrel (oceanodroma leucorhoa), and atlantic puffin (fratercula arctica) were collected at four-year intervals from 1968 to 1984, from colonies in eastern canada and analyzed for organochlorines. this monitoring study was established to provide data on contamination of the marine environment and possible implications for seabird health. long-term trend data are presented for pcbs, dde, dieldrin, hcb, o ... | 1989 | 15092478 |
| great lakes embryo mortality, edema, and deformities syndrome (glemeds) in colonial fish-eating birds: similarity to chick-edema disease. | several species of colonial fish-eating birds nesting in the great lakes basin, including herring gulls, common terns and double-crested cormorants, have exhibited chronic impairment of reproduction. in addition to eggshell thinning caused by high levels of ddt and metabolites, the reproductive impairment is characterized by high embryonic and chick mortality, edema, growth retardation, and deformities, hence the name great lakes embryo mortality, edema, and deformities syndrome (glemeds). the h ... | 1991 | 1875430 |
| seasonal and geographical variation of organochlorine residues in birds from northwest mexico. | eight species of birds (129 individuals) were collected from three agricultural areas with long histories of pesticide use in northwestern mexico. plucked carcasses were analyzed for organochlorine (oc) pesticides and polychlorobiphenyls (pcbs). dde was found in all of the samples and at higher levels than other ocs. mean (geometric) dde concentrations varied from 0.04 (microgram/g) ppm in mourning doves (zenaida macroura) to 5.05 ppm in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus). hexachl ... | 1991 | 1722080 |
| heavy metal and metallothionein concentrations in atlantic canadian seabirds. | seabird tissues, collected during the 1988 breeding season from colonies on the atlantic coast of canada, were analyzed for toxic metals--cd, hg and pb--and 18 other trace elements. metallothionein (mt) was measured in kidney, and kidneys and livers underwent histopathological examination. levels of most essential trace elements appear to be closely regulated in seabird tissues; values were in good agreement with those previously reported in the published literature. liver-se concentrations in l ... | 1992 | 1554255 |
| newcastle disease in wild water birds in western canada, 1990. | this report describes the investigation of mortality of double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus), white pelicans (pelecanus erythrorhynchos), and gulls (larus spp.) in alberta, saskatchewan, and manitoba during late summer 1990. techniques used varied among areas, but virological and histopathological examination of birds was done in each area. the major clinical sign in cormorants was inability to fly, often with unilateral wing or leg paralysis. focal nonsuppurative inflammation was p ... | 1993 | 17424240 |
| embryonic abnormalities and organochlorine contamination in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) and caspian terns (hydroprogne caspia) from the upper great lakes in 1988. | persistent organochlorine contaminants including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) were determined in eggs with normal and deformed embryos collected in 1988 from different colonies during an epizootiological survey of double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) and caspian terns (hydroprogne caspia) from the upper great lakes. pcbs and p,p'-dde were found in the highest concentrations in eggs of both speci ... | 1993 | 15091901 |
| accumulation of organochlorine contaminants in double-crested cormorants. | cormorant eggs and lipid samples from juvenile cormorants were analyzed for 14 organochlorine contaminants. low concentrations (geometric mean < 0.05 microg/g) of hexachlorobenzene (hcb), lindane, oxy-chlordane, heptachlor epoxide, dieldrin, endrin, mirex, ddd and ddt in eggs primarily reflected the wintering-ground origin of organochlorine contaminants. overall geometric mean concentrations of dde and pcbs in cormorant eggs were 3.90 and 2.22 microg/g egg respectively, and would not affect repr ... | 1993 | 15091867 |
| accumulation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents by double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus, pelicaniformes) chicks in the north american great lakes. | concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlordibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (tcdd-eq) were determined in eggs and chicks of double-crested cormorants (dcc) which were collected in 1989 from eight locations in the laurentian great lakes. the mean biomagnification factor (bmf) from forage fish to eggs was found to be 31.3. absolute and relative concentrations as well as rates of accumulation of total concentrations of pcbs and tcdd-eq were measurable in all of the sample ... | 1994 | 7516285 |
| neurotropic velogenic newcastle disease in cormorants in michigan: pathology and virus characterization. | excessive unexplained mortality was observed in flocks of double-crested cormorants located at snake island in green bay, michigan, in june 1992. clinical signs included weakness, lethargy, diarrhea, respiratory distress, paralysis of the wings and legs, torticollis, and incoordination. the most significant and consistent gross lesions included edema of the eyelids and periocular tissues, pulmonary edema and congestion, marked splenomegaly, hepatic necrosis, and scattered hemorrhages in visceral ... | 1994 | 7702523 |
| biological effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls in double-crested cormorant chicks (phalacrocorax auritus). | the present project assessed the effect of environmental contamination with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds), dibenzofurans (pcdfs), and biphenyls (pcbs) on hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) activities and morphological parameters in matched double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) hatchlings from egg clutches chosen for chemical analysis. double-crested cormorant eggs were collected from five colonies across canada, with differing levels of contamination. l ... | 1994 | 8301702 |
| hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase-inducing potency in ovo and cytosolic ah receptor binding affinity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin: comparison of four avian species. | the hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod)-inducing potency in ovo of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) was determined in the domestic chicken (gallus gallus), domestic pigeon (columba livia), great blue heron, and double-crested cormorant. dose-response curves were produced by injecting various doses of [3h]tcdd into the air sac of developing eggs during the latter third part of incubation. hepatic erod activities were measured in day-old hatchlings. liver, yolk, and wh ... | 1995 | 7747276 |
| investigation of the life cycle and adult morphology of the avian blood fluke austrobilharzia variglandis (trematoda: schistosomatidae) from connecticut. | this study was undertaken to expand the current knowledge of the life cycle and adult morphology of the avian schistosome austrobilharzia variglandis, which causes a marine cercarial dermatitis in new england. the specific objectives were to: (1) investigate the seasonality of the infection in the molluscan intermediate host, ilyanassa obsoleta; (2) determine which bird species are acting as natural definitive hosts for the parasite; and (3) characterize the morphology of the parasite using scan ... | 1995 | 7623201 |
| polychlorinated biphenyls and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents in eggs of double-crested cormorants from a colony near green bay, wisconsin, usa. | great lakes colonial waterbirds have experienced poor reproduction and a greater incidence of birth defects than those in remote areas. an egg was collected from each of 1,000 marked cormorant nests at spider island (lake michigan). nine pools comprised of three eggs were randomly selected for instrumental quantification of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) congeners, calculation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (teq) and measurement of equivalents by bioassay (tcdd-eq). pcb anal ... | 1995 | 7487156 |
| organochlorine contaminants in double-crested cormorants from green bay, wi: i. large-scale extraction and isolation from eggs using semi-permeable membrane dialysis. | a 41.3-kg sample of double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) egg contents was extracted, yielding over 2 l of egg lipid. the double-crested cormorant (dcc) egg extract, after clean-up and concentration, was intended for use in egg injection studies to determine the embryotoxicity of the organic contaminants found within the eggs. large-scale dialysis was used as a preliminary treatment to separate the extracted contaminants from the co-extracted sample lipids. the lipid was dialyzed in 8 ... | 1996 | 8781072 |
| heavy metal and selenium levels in birds at agassiz national wildlife refuge, minnesota: food chain differences. | the levels of heavy metals and selenium in the eggs and in breast feathers of adult doublecrested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus), black-crowned night heron (nycticorax nycticorax), and franklin's gull (larus pipixcan) nesting at agassiz national wildlife refuge in marshall county, northwestern minnesota were examined. also examined were metal levels in the feathers of fledgling night herons and gulls, in the feathers of adult and fledgling american bittern (botaurus lentiginosus), in eggs of ... | 1996 | 24193900 |
| diagnostic findings in the 1992 epornitic of neurotropic velogenic newcastle disease in double-crested cormorants from the upper midwestern united states. | neurotropic velogenic newcastle disease (nvnd) occurred in juvenile double-crested cormorants, phalacrocorax auritus, simultaneously in nesting colonies in minnesota, north dakota, south dakota, and nebraska and in lakes michigan, superior, huron, and ontario during the summer of 1992. mortality as high as 80%-90% was estimated in some of the nesting colonies. clinical signs observed in 4- to 6-wk-old cormorants included torticollis, tremors, ataxia, curled toes, and paresis or weakness of legs, ... | 1997 | 9087334 |
| organochlorine contaminants in double-crested cormorants from green bay,wisconsin: ii. effects of an extract derived from cormorant eggs onthe chicken embryo | white leghorn chicken (gallus domesticus) eggswere injected prior to incubation with one of four concentrations (0.001,0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 egg-equivalent) of an extract derived from 1,000double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) eggs collected atspider island adjacent to green bay in lake michigan. one egg-equivalentcorresponded to the concentration of contaminants present in an averagecormorant egg. this was approximately 322 pg toxic equivalents (teqs)/g, wwegg with polychlorinatedbiphen ... | 1997 | 9096082 |
| anatomy and histochemistry of spread-wing posture in birds. i. wing drying posture in the double-crested cormorant, phalacrocorax auritus. | spread-wing postures of birds often have been studied with respect to the function of behavior, but ignored with regard to the mechanism by which the birds accomplish posture. the double-crested cormorant, phalacrocorax auritus, was used as a model for this study of spread-wing posture. those muscles capable of positioning and maintaining the wing in extension and protraction were assayed histochemically for the presence of slow (postural) muscle fibers. within the forelimb of phalacrocorax, mm. ... | 1997 | 29852695 |
| instrumentation for the remote monitoring of physiological and behavioral variables. | few commercial products are available for investigators who wish to monitor multiple physiological and behavioral variables in unrestrained subjects. when telemetry is not practical, e.g., in studies of at-sea diving physiology, one of the only options is to design and build a custom data-logging instrument. this paper describes how a data logger was developed for the successful long-term monitoring of dive depth, swim speed, heart rate, water temperature, and multiple body temperatures from fre ... | 1998 | 9804606 |
| an epidemic of newcastle disease in double-crested cormorants from saskatchewan. | a newcastle disease epidemic in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) occurred in july and august 1995, during a 1994-96 study of a breeding colony of this species on doré lake (saskatchewan, canada). clinical signs and mortality were observed from a tunnel-and-blind system, and moribund and freshly dead birds were examined virologically. yolks from cormorant eggs and sera from cormorants and other birds were tested for hemagglutination inhibiting antibodies to newcastle disease viru ... | 1998 | 9706555 |
| elemental profiles in feather samples from a mercury-contaminated lake in central california | flight feathers from six bird species at clear lake, ca were analyzed to determine the extent and distribution of mercury contamination from an abandoned mercury mine and associated levels of 14 other elements. feather samples were collected from adult and juvenile osprey (pandion haliaetus), including juvenile osprey from three additional comparison sites; adult western grebes (aechmophorus occidentalis); adult great blue herons (ardea herodias); adult mallards (anas platyrhynchos); adult turke ... | 1998 | 9601923 |
| excretion of pathogenic newcastle disease virus by double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) in absence of mortality or clinical signs of disease. | pathogenic newcastle disease virus (ndv) caused several epidemics of newcastle disease in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) in recent years. eleven 16-week-old cormorants were infected with, or exposed to, pathogenic ndv from one of these epidemics and monitored for 70 days. no birds died, four birds had transient ataxia between 12 and 27 days post-infection (d.p.i.), and one bird had neuronal necrosis and non-suppurative encephalitis characteristic for newcastle disease. the mea ... | 1998 | 18484041 |
| pathology of newcastle disease in double-crested cormorants from saskatchewan, with comparison of diagnostic methods. | newcastle disease (nd) in juvenile double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) occurred several times since 1975, but there are relatively few studies on its pathology and diagnosis. in order to describe the distribution of newcastle disease virus (ndv) and associated lesions in cormorants with nd and to compare diagnostic methods, 25 cormorants with nervous signs from a nd epizootic in saskatchewan in 1995 (nde cormorants) were compared with 18 negative control cormorants. tissues of thes ... | 1999 | 10073341 |
| causes of morbidity and mortality and their effect on reproductive success in double-crested cormorants from saskatchewan. | the objectives of this study were to describe causes of morbidity and mortality in a breeding colony of double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) on doré lake (saskatchewan, canada), and to determine cause-specific mortality rates of juvenile birds. morbidity and mortality were monitored every third day during the breeding season from 1994 to 1996 from inside a tunnel-and-blind system. affected eggs and birds were collected for examination and diagnosis. the cause of mortality was determ ... | 1999 | 10231760 |
| the 1992 epizootic of newcastle disease in double-crested cormorants in north america. | in the summer of 1992, morbidity and mortality in juvenile double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus; dcc) attributable to newcastle disease virus (ndv) was observed for the first time in seven northern usa states and one canadian province, and recurred in three western canadian provinces. based on clinical signs and laboratory diagnostic findings, dcc mortality from ndv occurred in 59 of the 63 nesting colonies and two of three non-colony sites investigated. an estimate of in excess of 2 ... | 1999 | 10231759 |
| cardiac responses to first ever submergence in double-crested cormorant chicks (phalacrocorax auritus). | heart rates were recorded from double-crested cormorant chicks during their first ever and subsequent voluntary head submergences and dives, as well as during longer dives made after the chicks were accustomed to diving. despite variation between chicks, the cardiac response to first ever and subsequent voluntary submergence (head submergences and dives) was similar to the response observed in adult cormorants. upon submersion the heart rate fell rapidly when pre-submersion heart rate was high ( ... | 1999 | 10682251 |
| hematology and serum chemistry of captive juvenile double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus). | hematologic and serum chemical values were obtained for double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) to improve clinical diagnosis of disease in this species. blood samples were collected from 20 captive double-crested cormorants at 4 to 6 weeks of age. hematocrit and leukocyte concentrations were determined in heparinized blood. concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, calcium, phosphorus, creatinine, glucose, uric acid, total protein, and albumin, and the activity level ... | 1999 | 10416069 |
| mercury distribution in blood, tissues, and feathers of double-crested cormorant nestlings from arid-lands reservoirs in south central new mexico. | eggs, blood, liver, muscle, and feathers were analyzed for concentrations of total mercury in double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) nestlings from two reservoirs in south central new mexico. total mercury concentrations among eggs, tissues, and feathers were not significantly correlated. concentrations of total mercury averaged 0.40 microg/g in liver and 0.18 microg/g in muscle tissues in both populations of nestlings. there were no significant changes in concentrations of total mercu ... | 1999 | 10227865 |
| 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl oxidation in fish, bird and reptile species: relationship to cytochrome p450 1a inactivation and reactive oxygen production. | previously we showed that the polychlorinated biphenyl 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (tcb) caused a release of reactive oxygen species (ros) from cytochrome p450 1a (cyp1a) of the fish scup (stenotomus chrysops), and from rat and human cyp1a1. this was linked to a tcb- and nadph-dependent oxidative inactivation of the enzyme, which in scup and rat was inversely related to the rates of tcb oxidation. we examined the relationship between rates of tcb oxidation, cyp1a inactivation and ros productio ... | 2000 | 11790349 |
| catalytic and immunochemical properties of hepatic cytochrome p450 1a in three avian species treated with beta-naphthoflavone or isosafrole. | induction of cytochrome p450 1a (cyp1a) can be used as a biomarker of exposure to planar halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (phahs). our objective was to characterize the induction of cyp1a activity and protein in three avian species following in vivo treatment with beta-naphthoflavone (bnf) and/or isosafrole. alkoxyresorufin-o-dealkylase (alk-rod) activities of hepatic microsomes from herring gulls (larus argentatus) (hgs), double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) (dccs) and chickens (g ... | 2001 | 11544144 |
| isolation of newcastle disease virus and salmonella typhimurium from the brain of double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus). | avian paramyxovirus type 1 (newcastle disease virus) and salmonella typhimurium were isolated from the brain and lung tissues of double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) from lac canard, alberta, canada. more than 100 birds died during this outbreak in 1999. affected birds presented signs of central nervous system disease characterized by unilateral wing and leg paralysis. other geographic locations in the provinces of alberta and saskatchewan have reported cases of cormorants suffering ... | 2001 | 11332490 |
| newcastle disease virus in double-crested cormorants in alabama, florida, and mississippi. | in order to understand the epidemiology of newcastle disease (nd) outbreaks in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus), a study was conducted on wintering migratory cormorants (p. a. auritus) in alabama and mississippi (usa) and non-migratory cormorants (p. a. floridanus) that breed in florida (usa). antibodies against nd virus were detected by the hemagglutination-inhibition method in sera from 86 of 183 (47%) migratory cormorants over-wintering in eight roosting sites in alabama and ... | 2001 | 11763745 |
| the effects of depth on the cardiac and behavioural responses of double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) during voluntary diving. | heart rate and dive behaviour were monitored in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) during shallow (1 m) and deep diving (12 m), after breathing different gas mixtures, to investigate the role of depth and the accompanying changes in blood gas levels in cardiac and behavioural control during voluntary diving. pre-dive heart rate in both shallow- and deep-diving birds was approximately three times the resting heart rate (137.9+/-17.5 beats min(-1); mean +/- s.d., n=5), falling abrup ... | 2001 | 11809782 |
| organochlorine contaminants and biomarker response in double-crested cormorants nesting in green bay and lake michigan, wisconsin, usa. | double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) eggs at pipping and sibling 10-day-old chicks were collected from two colonies in green bay, wi, one colony in lake michigan, wi, and reference colonies in south dakota and minnesota. egg contents and chicks were analyzed for organochlorine contaminants including polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners. livers of embryos and chicks were assayed for hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin-o-dealkylase (erod) activity. eggshell thickness and the physica ... | 2001 | 11116344 |
| polychlorinated naphthalenes, -biphenyls, -dibenzo-p-dioxins, and -dibenzofurans in double-crested cormorants and herring gulls from michigan waters of the great lakes. | concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds), dibenzofurans (pcdfs), naphthalenes (pcns), and biphenyls (pcbs) were measured in eggs of double-crested cormorants and herring gulls collected from michigan waters of the great lakes. concentrations of pcns in eggs of double-crested cormorants and herring gulls were in the ranges of 380-2400 and 83-1300 pg/g, wet wt, respectively. concentrations of 2,3,7,8-substituted pcdds and pcdfs were 10-200 times less than those of pcns in eggs w ... | 2001 | 11351712 |
| vecuronium bromide, phenylephrine and atropine combinations as mydriatics in juvenile double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus). | topical vecuronium bromide (norcuron) and combinations with atropine and phenylephrine, were evaluated as mydriatics in juvenile double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus). nine cormorants were treated with each of four protocols: 1% atropine; 4 mg/ml vecuronium bromide (total 0.16 mg/eye); atropine with vecuronium; and atropine, 2.5% phenylephrine, followed by vecuronium. drugs were applied topically at 15-min intervals (0.01 ml/drop). pupil diameter was measured manually every 15 min wi ... | 2002 | 12236864 |
| clinicopathologic features of suspected brevetoxicosis in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) along the florida gulf coast. | outbreaks of morbidity and mortality in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) along florida's gulf coast have occurred sporadically for at least 30 yr. during these outbreaks, the clinic for the rehabilitation of wildlife, located on sanibel island in florida, has admitted a substantial number of cormorants with consistent presentation of primarily neurologic clinical signs. in order to investigate the association of these outbreaks in cormorants with exposure to brevetoxin, we compa ... | 2002 | 12216798 |
| nineteenth century mercury: hazard to wading birds and cormorants of the carson river, nevada. | contemporary mercury interest relates to atmospheric deposition, contaminated fish stocks and exposed fish-eating wildlife. the focus is on methylmercury (mehg) even though most contamination is of inorganic (iohg) origin. however, iohg is readily methylated in aquatic systems to become more hazardous to vertebrates. in response to a classic episode of historical (1859-1890) iohg contamination, we studied fish-eating birds nesting along the lower carson river, nevada. adult double-crested cormor ... | 2002 | 12211695 |
| description of a new eimeria sp. and associated lesions in the kidneys of double-crested cormorants (phalocrocorax auritus). | a new eimeria sp. is described as the cause of an outbreak of renal coccidiosis in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) in georgia. sporulated oocysts were spherical to subspherical and measured 16.1 x 16.5 (13.8-18 x 14-19) microm, with an average length-width ratio of 1:1. oocyst wall was thin (1 microm), greenish, and pitted on the outer surface. micropyle, micropylar cap, stieda body, and polar bodies were absent. small oocyst residuum (4-8 granules) was usually absent but occas ... | 2002 | 12537118 |
| oxidative stress in laboratory-incubated double-crested cormorant eggs collected from the great lakes. | double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) eggs were collected in 1998 from three sites on lakes huron and superior and either analyzed for 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd)-like residues or artifically incubated. some of the incubated eggs were injected with vitamin e (antioxidant) or piperonyl butoxide (cypia blocker) to examine the role of cypia and oxidative stress in normal bird development. embryos (day 23) were analyzed for hepatic ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) act ... | 2003 | 14708670 |
| egg concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in double-crested (phalacrocorax auritus) and pelagic (p. pelagicus) cormorants from the strait of georgia, canada, 1973-1998. | eggs of double-crested and pelagic cormorants were collected between 1973 and 1998 from colonies in the strait of georgia, bc, canada, and assayed for concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds), dibenzofurans (pcdfs), and non-ortho- and mono-ortho-biphenyls (pcbs). double-crested cormorant eggs contained (on average) up to 433 ng kg(-1) wet weight 1,2,3,6,7,8-hxcdd, 151 ng kg(-1) 1,2,3,7,8-pncdd, and 74 ng kg(-1) 2,3,7,8-tcdd, whereas pelagic cormorant eggs contained up to 300, ... | 2003 | 12666908 |
| an assessment of pcbs and oc pesticides in eggs of double-crested (phalacrocorax auritus) and pelagic (p. pelagicus) cormorants from the west coast of canada, 1970 to 2002. | eggs of double-crested and pelagic cormorants were collected between 1970 and 2002 from colonies in the strait of georgia, bc, canada, and assayed for concentrations of organochlorine (oc) pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). double-crested cormorant eggs from the early 1970's contained up to 4.1 mg kg-1 p,p'-dde and 12.5 mg kg-1 sigmapcbs. corresponding values for pelagic cormorant eggs were 1.5 mg kg-1 p,p'-dde and 3.9 mg kg-1 sigmapcbs. egg tissue concentrations of the dominant oc ... | 2005 | 16215696 |
| nesting ardeid colonies are not a focus of elevated west nile virus activity in southern california. | a large nesting colony of ardeid birds at the finney-ramer wildlife refuge in imperial county, california, did not appear to be a focus of west nile virus (wnv) amplification during the summer of 2004. blood samples taken during june and july from 155 nestlings of four species of ardeid birds (cattle egrets, black-crowned night herons, great egrets, and snowy egrets) and five nestling double-crested cormorants yielded a single wnv isolation from a 3-week-old cattle egret. antibody was detected b ... | 2005 | 16187895 |
| bacterial flora of free-living double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) chicks on prince edward island, canada, with reference to enteric bacteria and antibiotic resistance. | cloacal and pharyngeal swabs from 100 tree-nesting double-crested cormorant (dcc) chicks were examined by culture for commensal and potentially pathogenic bacteria. no salmonella or erysipelothrix were isolated from the cloacal swabs. twenty-two cloacal swabs were positive for campylobacter, of which 14 were c. jejuni, c. coli, and 1 c. lari. none belonged to common serotypes isolated from humans or animals in recent years in canada. tests for antimicrobial drug resistance among 187 commensal es ... | 2005 | 15563955 |
| wintering of neurotropic velogenic newcastle disease virus and west nile virus in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) from the florida keys. | during november 2002, six double-crested cormorants (dccs; phalacrocorax auritus) were found moribund in big pine key, fl, exhibiting clinical signs indicative of neurologic disease. postmortem diagnostic evaluations were performed on two adult birds. virulent newcastle disease virus (ndv) was isolated from a cloacal swab from cormorant 1. west nile virus (wnv) was isolated from the brain and lung of cormorant 2. nucleotide sequence analysis of a portion of the fusion (f) protein gene of the ndv ... | 2005 | 16094838 |
| heavy metals and selenium in grebe eggs from agassiz national wildlife refuge in northern minnesota. | metal levels in eggs can often be used as an indicator of exposure and of potential effects. in previous work at agassiz national wildlife refuge, northwestern minnesota, the levels of several heavy metals were shown to be significantly higher in the eggs of eared grebes (podiceps nigricollis) compared to those in the eggs of franklin's gulls (larus pipixcan), black-crowned night-herons (nycticorax nycticorax) and double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus, except for mercury). in the pres ... | 2005 | 16418918 |
| polybrominated diphenyl ether trends in eggs of marine and freshwater birds from british columbia, canada, 1979-2002. | temporal, spatial, and interspecific trends in polybrominated diphenyl ether (pbde) flame retardants were determined in eggs of marine and freshwater bird species from the province of british columbia, canada. temporal trends in the fraser river estuary, 1983-2002, were examined by analysis of eggs of great blue herons (ardea herodias) and from the strait of georgia marine ecosystem, 1979-2002, in eggs of double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus). results were compared to those from eggs ... | 2005 | 16124290 |
| description and phylogeny of a new species of eimeria from double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) near fort gaines, georgia. | the renal parasite eimeria auritusi has caused several mortality events in double-crested cormorants (dcc; phalacrocorax auritus) in the midwest and southeastern united states. this parasite has only been detected during large-scale outbreaks, and its presence and prevalence in healthy populations of cormorants is unknown. in this study, 80 dcc were collected from the chattahoochee river near fort gaines, georgia, and examined for kidney and intestinal coccidia. eighteen (22.5%) and 56 (70%) of ... | 2006 | 16729699 |
| factors affecting the toxicity of methylmercury injected into eggs. | we developed a standardized protocol for comparing the sensitivities of the embryos of different bird species to methylmercury when methylmercury was injected into their eggs. during the course of developing this protocol, we investigated the effects of various factors on the toxicity of the injected methylmercury. most of our experiments were done with chicken (gallus domesticus), mallard (anas platyrhynchos), and ring-necked pheasant (phasianus colchicus) eggs, all of which were purchased in l ... | 2006 | 16307214 |
| nutrient transfer from sea to land: the case of gulls and cormorants in the gulf of maine. | 1. the structure of communities is influenced by the transport of resources across ecosystem boundaries. seabirds are capable of introducing large amounts of marine-derived nutrients to land, thereby modifying resource availability to terrestrial species. 2. in this study we investigated the hypothesis that variation in nesting densities of great black-backed gulls larus marinus and double-crested cormorants phalacrocorax auritus would modify the effect of these species on soil nutrients and pla ... | 2006 | 16638009 |
| the effects of depth, temperature and food ingestion on the foraging energetics of a diving endotherm, the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus). | avian divers are confronted with a number of physiological challenges when foraging in cold water, especially at depth. besides the obvious constraint imposed by the necessity to return to the surface for gas exchange, cold water temperatures and a reduction in body insulation due to the increase in pressure with dive depth will elevate the energetic costs of foraging in these endotherm divers. the complex effect that depth has on the diving energetics of aquatic birds has largely been ignored. ... | 2006 | 16481574 |
| when cormorants go fishing: the differing costs of hunting for sedentary and motile prey. | cormorants hunt both benthic (sedentary) and pelagic (motile) prey but it is not known if the energy costs of foraging on these prey differ. we used respirometry to measure the costs of diving in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) foraging either for sedentary (fish pieces) or motile (juvenile salmon) prey in a deep dive tank. short dives for sedentary prey were more expensive than dives of similar duration for motile prey (e.g. 20% higher for a 10s dive) whereas the reverse was t ... | 2007 | 17623631 |
| effect of in ovo exposure to an organochlorine mixture extracted from double crested cormorant eggs (phalacrocorax auritus) and pcb 126 on immune function of juvenile chickens. | organochlorine (oc) contaminants including polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and p, p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (dde) have been associated with immune modulation in wild fish-eating birds from the great lakes. the objective of this study was to evaluate the immune function of juvenile chickens after in ovo exposure to pcb 126 or an environmentally relevant oc mixture extracted from eggs of double crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) from green bay, lake michigan, usa. fertile white ... | 2007 | 17882474 |
| genetic characterization of members of the genus contracaecum (nematoda: anisakidae) from fish-eating birds from west-central florida, usa, with evidence of new species. | specimens of contracaecum spp. from phalacrocorax auritus and pelecanus occidentalis from florida were characterized by sequencing of the small subunit of the mitochondrial ribosomal rna gene (rrns) and by pcr-based rflp analysis of the same gene and of the internal transcribed spacers (its) of nuclear ribosomal dna. analyses of the rrns sequence data using the mp and upgma approaches yielded trees with similar topologies, delineating 3 main clusters. specimens from ph. auritus, morphologically ... | 2007 | 17352849 |
| marine foraging birds as bioindicators of mercury in the gulf of maine. | from existing databases, we compiled and evaluated 604 total mercury (hg) levels in the eggs and blood of 17 species of marine foraging birds from 35 gulf of maine islands to provide baseline data and to determine the best tissue, age class, and species for future biomonitoring. while mean hg levels in most species did not exceed adverse effects thresholds, levels in some individual eggs did; for all species arithmetic mean egg hg levels ranged from 0.04 to 0.62 (microg/g, wet weight). piscivoro ... | 2008 | 19277786 |
| key amino acids in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor predict dioxin sensitivity in avian species. | dioxin-like compounds are toxic to most vertebrates, but significant differences in sensitivity exist among species. a recent study suggests that the amino acid residues corresponding to ile324 and ser380 in the chicken aryl hydrocarbon receptor 1 (ahr1) are important determinants of differential biochemical responses to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) in chickens and common terns. here, we investigate whether the identity of these amino acid residues can predict embryonic sensitivity ... | 2008 | 18939598 |
| heat increment of feeding in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) and its potential for thermal substitution. | diving endotherms inhabiting polar regions face potentially high thermoregulatory costs. unless properly insulated, these animals will lose vast amounts of heat when diving in cold water, which has to be balanced by heat production. heat generated as a by-product of digestion (heat increment of feeding, hif) or from exercising muscles might be important in maintaining thermal balance under such conditions, as it would reduce the need for shivering thermogenesis. recording the rate of oxygen cons ... | 2008 | 18083732 |
| ecosystem-based management of predator-prey relationships: piscivorous birds and salmonids. | predator-prey relationships are often altered as a result of human activities. where prey are legally protected, conservation action may include lethal predator control. in the columbia river basin (pacific northwest, usa and canada), piscivorous predators have been implicated in contributing to a lack of recovery of several endangered anadromous salmonids (oncorhynchus spp.), and lethal and nonlethal control programs have been instituted against both piscine and avian species. to determine the ... | 2008 | 18488627 |
| molecular evidence for the occurrence of contracaecum rudolphii a (nematoda: anisakidae) in shag phalacrocorax aristotelis (linnaeus) (aves: phalacrocoracidae) from sardinia (western mediterranean sea). | specimens of contracaecum rudolphii hartwich, 1964 (nematoda: anisakidae) from phalacrocorax aristotelis (linnaeus) from the archipelago of la maddalena (sardinia, western mediterranean sea) were characterised genetically and compared with c. rudolphii a sensu d'amelio et al. 1990 and c. rudolphii b sensu d'amelio et al. 1990 from phalacrocorax carbo sinensis (blumenbach) from north-eastern italy, and with c. rudolphii c sensu d'amelio et al. 2007 from phalacrocorax auritus (lesson) from west-ce ... | 2008 | 18571974 |
| sulfur isotopes link overwinter habitat use and breeding condition in double-crested cormorants. | north american double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) populations have increased greatly. both breeding and overwintering ground factors have likely contributed to these increases. however, demonstrating how overwintering conditions may affect breeding birds has not been possible because of the difficulty in linking breeding birds to their wintering grounds. here, we demonstrate the utility of stable sulfur isotopes to elucidate overwintering habitat use by cormorants breeding on lake ... | 2008 | 18488616 |
| identification of 24 polymorphic microsatellite markers for the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus). | twenty-four polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus). the number of alleles ranged from two to 13 and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.032 to 0.871. the use of these loci should enable researchers and biologists to learn more about the population structure and ecology of this species. | 2009 | 21564869 |
| effects of egg size on double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) egg composition and hatchling phenotype. | maternal investment of yolk and albumen in avian eggs varies with egg mass and contributes to variation in hatchling mass. here we use the natural variation in mass and composition of double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) eggs to examine consequences of variation in yolk and albumen mass on hatchling phenotype. the double-crested cormorant, a large bird with altricial young, lays eggs ranging in mass from 40 to 60 g and containing an average of 82% albumen and 18% yolk. variation in c ... | 2009 | 19000773 |
| species differences in the sensitivity of avian embryos to methylmercury. | we injected doses of methylmercury into the air cells of eggs of 26 species of birds and examined the dose-response curves of embryo survival. for 23 species we had adequate data to calculate the median lethal concentration (lc(50)). based on the dose-response curves and lc(50)s, we ranked species according to their sensitivity to injected methylmercury. although the previously published embryotoxic threshold of mercury in game farm mallards (anas platyrhynchos) has been used as a default value ... | 2009 | 18421496 |
| linear and branched perfluorooctane sulfonate isomers in technical product and environmental samples by in-port derivatization-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. | perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) is found globally as an environmental contaminant and is highly bioaccumulative in exposed biota including humans. however, there is a dearth of environmental information on the isomeric profile of pfos, especially in biological samples, which requires suitable analysis methods for the identification and quantification of ultratrace amounts. in the present study, a novel method was developed that incorporates clean up by solid-phase extraction (spe) wax cartridge ... | 2009 | 19402680 |
| polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in eggs may reduce reproductive success of ospreys in oregon and washington, usa. | spatial and temporal assessments and reports of polybrominated diphenyl ether (pbde) flame retardants in birds remain sparse. in the present study, pbdes were detected in all 120 osprey (pandion haliaetus) eggs collected. the eggs were collected from nests along the columbia, willamette and yakima rivers of oregon (or) and washington (wa) and in puget sound (wa) between 2002 and 2007. pbde congeners: 17, 28, 47, 49, 66, 85, 99, 100, 138, 153, 154 (possible coelution with brominated biphenyl 153 ... | 2009 | 19513829 |
| the phylogenetic position of the galápagos cormorant. | the endangered galápagos cormorant, phalacrocorax harrisi, is unique among the species of the phalacrocoracidae in being flightless and sequentially polyandrous. it has had a vexed taxonomic history, variously being lumped with all the species in phalacrocorax, being accorded its own genus, nannopterum, or being included in leucocarbo or compsohalieus. different authorities have similarly suggested a number of different species as being its closest relative. here we use novel mitochondrial dna s ... | 2009 | 19523526 |
| experimental bolbophorus damnificus (digenea: bolbophoridae) infections in piscivorous birds. | in order to determine potential definitive hosts of the digenetic trematode, bolbophorus damnificus, two american white pelicans (pelecanus erythrorhynchos), two double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus), two great blue herons (ardea herodias), and two great egrets (ardea alba) were captured, treated with praziquantel, and fed channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) infected with b. damnificus metacercariae. patent infections of b. damnificus, which developed in both american white pelican ... | 2009 | 19617478 |
| correlation between an in vitro and an in vivo measure of dioxin sensitivity in birds. | we describe a statistically significant correlation between two well-characterized responses to dioxin-like compounds in birds; induction of 7-ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) activity in cultured hepatocytes, and embryo mortality. data were obtained from a review of the literature. erod ec50 values for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) and 6 polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) were strongly correlated with ld50 values in chicken embryos (r(2) = 0.93, p < 0.005). similarly, erod ec50 va ... | 2010 | 19784771 |
| species-specific accumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in birds of prey from the chesapeake bay region, usa. | compared to organochlorines, little is known about polybrominated diphenyl ether (pbde) contamination of birds of prey breeding in the chesapeake bay, the largest estuary in the u.s. this study examined and compared pbde contamination in eggs of osprey, double-crested cormorant, brown pelican and peregrine falcon from this area. several legacy persistent organic pollutants such as pcbs and dde were also investigated. the level of urbanization of the landscape appeared to influence the level of p ... | 2010 | 19948372 |
| evolutionary changes affecting rapid identification of 2008 newcastle disease viruses isolated from double-crested cormorants. | a morbidity-mortality event involving virulent newcastle disease virus (ndv) in wild double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) occurred in north america in the summer of 2008. all 22 viruses isolated from cormorants were positively identified by the usda-validated real-time reverse transcription-pcr assay targeting the matrix gene. however, the usda-validated reverse transcription-pcr assay targeting the fusion gene that is specific for virulent isolates identified only 1 of these 22 iso ... | 2010 | 20107098 |
| food web bioaccumulation model for polychlorinated biphenyls in san francisco bay, california, usa. | we document the development and application of a food web bioaccumulation model for polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in san francisco bay, california, usa. the model calculates spatial distributions of pcb concentrations in a range of invertebrate, fish, avian, and mammalian organisms, including harbor seals, double-crested cormorants, and forster's terns. the performance of the model is evaluated against independent empirical pcb concentrations and shows a mean deviation between observed and mo ... | 2010 | 20821583 |
| mercury in parasitic nematodes and trematodes and their double-crested cormorant hosts: bioaccumulation in the face of sequestration by nematodes. | endoparasites can alter their host's heavy metal concentrations by sequestering metals in their own tissues. contracaecum spp. (a nematode), but not drepanocephalus spathans (a trematode), were bioaccumulating mercury to concentrations 1.5 times above cormorant hosts. nematodes did not have significantly greater stable nitrogen isotope values (δ(15)n) than their hosts, which is contradictory to prey-predator trophic enrichment studies, but is in agreement with other endoparasite-host relationshi ... | 2010 | 20797771 |
| assessing the validity of the accelerometry technique for estimating the energy expenditure of diving double-crested cormorants phalacrocorax auritus. | over the past few years, acceleration-data loggers have been used to provide calibrated proxies of energy expenditure: the accelerometry technique. relationships between rate of oxygen consumption and a derivation of acceleration data termed "overall dynamic body acceleration" (odba) have now been generated for a range of species, including birds, mammals, and amphibians. in this study, we examine the utility of the accelerometry technique for estimating the energy expended by double-crested cor ... | 2011 | 21460533 |
| evidence for sex differences in mercury dynamics in double-crested cormorants. | aquatic fish-eating birds can demethylate methylmercury in their livers. in this study, we determined whether a previously documented male bias in mercury concentration in double-crested cormorants ( phalacrocorax auritus ) was due entirely to the depuration of mercury into eggs or might also in part be related to sex differences in methylmercury demethylation or biliary excretion capability in the liver. we found egg depuration accounted for less than a fifth of the mercury concentration differ ... | 2011 | 21244090 |
| clinicopathological characterization in poultry of three strains of newcastle disease virus isolated from recent outbreaks. | newcastle disease is a severe threat to the poultry industry and is caused by newcastle disease virus, a member of the genus avulavirus, family paramyxoviridae. the virus is rapidly evolving, and several new genotypes have been discovered in the past few years. characterization of these strains is important to evaluate field changes, anticipate new outbreaks, and develop adequate control measures. three newcastle disease isolates (apmv-1/duck/vietnam, long bien/78/2002, apmv-1/chicken/australia/ ... | 2011 | 20685918 |
| a comparison of the teratogenicity of methylmercury and selenomethionine injected into bird eggs. | methylmercury chloride and seleno-l: -methionine were injected separately or in combinations into the fertile eggs of mallards (anas platyrhynchos), chickens (gallus gallus), and double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus), and the incidence and types of teratogenic effects were recorded. for all three species, selenomethionine alone caused more deformities than did methylmercury alone. when mallard eggs were injected with the lowest dose of selenium (se) alone (0.1 μg/g), 28 of 44 embryos ... | 2011 | 22042039 |
| brominated and chlorinated flame retardants in san francisco bay sediments and wildlife. | restrictions on the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) have resulted in the use of alternative flame retardants in consumer products to comply with flammability standards. in contrast to pbdes, information on the occurrence and fate of these alternative compounds in the environment is limited, particularly in the united states. in this study, a survey of flame retardants in san francisco bay was conducted to evaluate whether pbde replacement chemicals and other current use flame retar ... | 2012 | 22766500 |
| connecting breeding and wintering habitats of migratory piscivorous birds: implications for tracking contaminants (hg) using multiple stable isotopes. | contaminant concentrations in migratory species are complicated by differential accumulation and elimination among geographically separated biomes. double-crested cormorants ( phalacrocorax auritus ) are used as monitors of hg in north america; however, migration from northern breeding colonies to southern marine, freshwater, and aquaculture systems exposes individuals to spatiotemporal variations in contaminant uptake. we used stable isotopes (δ(34)s, δ(13)c, δ(15)n, δ(2)h) in primary feathers ... | 2012 | 22385064 |
| bone laminarity in the avian forelimb skeleton and its relationship to flight mode: testing functional interpretations. | wing bone histology in three species of birds was characterized in order to test hypotheses related to the relationship between skeletal microstructure and inferred wing loading during flight. data on the degree of laminarity (the proportion of circular vascular canals) and the occurrence of secondary osteons were obtained from three species that utilize different primary flight modes: the double-crested cormorant, a continuous flapper; the brown pelican, a static soarer; and the laysan albatros ... | 2012 | 22241723 |
| perfluoroalkyl compounds (pfcs) in wildlife from an urban estuary. | previous research has documented the bioaccumulation of perfluoroalkyl compounds (pfcs) in apex predators in remote locations but few studies have evaluated urban estuaries. to assess the importance of pfcs in san francisco bay, two apex predators in the san francisco bay, double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) and pacific harbor seals (phoca vitulina richardii), were sampled. prey fish (atherinops affinis and menidia audens) were also evaluated to better understand potential sources ... | 2012 | 22134832 |
| double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) nesting effects on understory composition and diversity on island ecosystems in lake erie. | the context for this study is the management concerns over the severity and extent of the impact of cormorants on island flora in the recent past on lake erie islands. accordingly, this study sought to quantify the nesting colonies' influence on coarse woody litter and how nest densities and litter depth may influence the herbaceous layer, the seed bank composition and viability across the extent of three lake erie islands. the data for this study were collected from 2004 to 2008 on east sister ... | 2012 | 22643824 |
| genetic sequence data identifies the cercaria of drepanocephalus spathans (digenea: echinostomatidae), a parasite of the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus), with notes on its pathology in juvenile channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | an unidentified xiphidio-type cercaria, previously thought inconsequential to catfish health, was found to be released from marsh rams-horn snails (planorbella trivolvis) inhabiting ponds on a commercial catfish operation in the mississippi delta. a preliminary challenge of cohabiting channel catfish ( ictalurus punctatus ) with snails actively shedding the unidentified cercariae resulted in death of some fish. a second cohabitation trial yielded similar results, as did a third challenge of 250 ... | 2012 | 22519725 |
| social contagion of risk perceptions in environmental management networks. | an important requisite for improving risk communication practice related to contentious environmental issues is having a better theoretical understanding of how risk perceptions function in real-world social systems. our study applied scherer and cho's social network contagion theory of risk perception (snctrp) to cormorant management (a contentious environmental management issue) in the great lakes basin to: (1) assess contagion effects on cormorant-related risk perceptions and individual facto ... | 2013 | 23231537 |
| immunological and reproductive health assessment in herring gulls and black-crowned night herons in the hudson-raritan estuary. | previous studies have shown inexplicable declines in breeding waterbirds within western new york/new jersey harbor between 1996 and 2002 and elevated polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) eggs. the present study assessed associations between immune function, prefledgling survival, and selected organochlorine compounds and metals in herring gulls (larus argentatus) and black-crowned night herons (nycticorax nycti ... | 2013 | 23212976 |
| brevetoxicosis in seabirds naturally exposed to karenia brevis blooms along the central west coast of florida. | harmful algal bloom events caused by the dinoflagellate karenia brevis occurred along the central west florida, usa, coast from february 2005 through december 2005 and from august 2006 through december 2006. during these events, from 4 february 2005 through 28 november 2006, live, debilitated seabirds admitted for rehabilitation showed clinical signs that included disorientation, inability to stand, ataxia, and seizures. testing of blood, biologic fluids, and tissues for brevetoxin by enzyme-lin ... | 2013 | 23568900 |
| prevalence of avian paramyxovirus 1 and avian influenza virus in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) in eastern north america. | although it is well established that wild birds, such as cormorants, carry virulent avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (apmv-1; causative agent of newcastle disease) and avian influenza virus (aiv), the prevalence of these viruses among double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) in the great lakes region of north america has not been rigorously studied. we determined the prevalences of apmv-1 and aiv in double-crested cormorants from the interior population of eastern north america. from 2009 ... | 2013 | 24502724 |
| morphologic and molecular identifications of digenetic trematodes in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) from the mississippi delta, usa. | increasing numbers of double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) in the mississippi river delta, usa, have been observed over the past few decades. this piscivorous bird is a definitive host for numerous digenetic trematodes, some of which may cause pathology in a fish host. we conducted a 2-yr survey of intestinal trematodes in 35 double-crested cormorants collected in the mississippi delta. we counted gastrointestinal trematodes, identified them to species using morphometric and molecul ... | 2014 | 24171572 |
| contamination of mercury during the wintering period influences concentrations at breeding sites in two migratory piscivorous birds. | many aquatic fish-eating birds migrate long distances and are exposed to different mercury concentrations ([hg]) during their annual cycle. here we examined the importance of migration on [hg] in two colonial migratory fish-eating bird species. we determined temporal trends of [hg] and stable isotopes of carbon (δ(13)c) and nitrogen (δ(15)n) during the annual cycle in double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) and caspian terns (hydroprogne caspia) breeding in lake ontario by a repeated s ... | 2014 | 25380025 |
| contaminant exposure of birds nesting in green bay, wisconsin, usa. | in earlier studies, elevated concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (dde) were reported in double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) eggs and tree swallow (tachycineta bicolor) eggs and nestlings collected from lower green bay (wi, usa) in 1994 and 1995 and black-crowned night-heron (nycticorax nycticorax) eggs collected in 1991. comparable samples collected in 2010 and 2011 indicated that concentrations of pcbs were 35%, 62%, 70%, and 8 ... | 2014 | 24733712 |
| a positive correlation between mercury and oxidative stress-related gene expression (gpx3 and gstm3) is measured in female double-crested cormorant blood. | mercury (hg) is a widespread contaminant that has been shown to induce a wide range of adverse health effects in birds including reproductive, physiological and neurological impairments. here we explored the relationship between blood total hg concentrations ([thg]) and oxidative stress gene induction in the aquatic piscivorous double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus) using a non-lethal technique, i.e., blood gene expression analysis. p. auritus blood was sampled at five sites across th ... | 2014 | 24788667 |