| false positive widal reaction in high-titer disseminated bcg infection. | false-positive widal reactions following certain non-typhoid salmonella infections may occur commonly. the case of a patient who developed miliary tuberculosis secondary to intravesical bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) immunotherapy for bladder carcinoma is described. very high titers of typhoid and paratyphoid agglutinins were obtained with the widal test; these titers returned to normal after successful anti-tuberculous treatment. this case of high-titer, false-positive salmonella typhi and salm ... | 1994 | 8050442 |
| nontyphoidal salmonellal septicemia in gabonese children infected with schistosoma intercalatum. | relapses of enteric fever induced by schistosoma intercalatum have been observed to occur in central africa. in libreville, gabon, 70 children (ages, 2.1-15.9 years) who were seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus and were hospitalized for septicemic salmonellosis underwent rectal biopsy for diagnosis of s. intercalatum infection. a nontyphoidal salmonella species was isolated from 53 of the 70 patients: salmonella typhimurium in 14 cases; salmonella enteritidis in 7 cases; salmonella gal ... | 1994 | 8054417 |
| an outbreak of salmonella paratyphi b in france. | | 1994 | 7522821 |
| [on propriety of distinguishing salmonella java from salmonella paratyphi-b]. | | 1982 | 6819325 |
| antimicrobial resistance and r-plasmids of salmonella paratyphi a isolated at bombay. | | 1983 | 6862560 |
| polyclonal activation of human peripheral blood b lymphocytes by formaldehyde-fixed salmonella paratyphi b. i. immunoglobulin production without dna synthesis. | a "new" polyclonal activator of human peripheral blood b cells, formaldehyde-fixed salmonella paratyphi b, is described. this bacterium does not stimulate cell proliferation as measured by incorporation of tritiated thymidine but does stimulate a subpopulation of b cells to secrete large amounts of igm, igg, and iga in 7-day cell cultures. the immunoglobulins (ig) produced by cells responding to s. paratyphi b are not specific antibodies against the bacterial antigens. in comparison with other b ... | 1981 | 6972434 |
| a study of drug resistance among salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi a in an endemic area, 1977-79. | tests for antibiotic resistance were carried out on 198 strains of salmonella typhi and s. paratyphi a isolated from cases of enteric fevers. their minimal inhibitory concentrations for streptomycin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, furazolidine and co-trimoxazole were estimated by plate dilution technique. four strains of s. typhi and one strain of s. paratyphi a were found to show multiple resistance with a set pattern of resistance to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamide, tetracycline and ... | 1981 | 6973847 |
| polyclonal activation of human peripheral blood b lymphocytes by formaldehyde-fixed salmonella paratyphi b. ii. heterogeneity of b lymphocytes. | b-cell 'activation' in cultures stimulated with pokeweed mitogen (pwm), staphylococcus aureus strain cowan i, or formaldehyde-fixed salmonella paratyphi b (spb) was evaluated by enumeration of cells secreting immunoglobulin (ig) and by quantitation of ig released into culture supernatants. a dissociation between these two values was found after day 6 in cultures activated with pwm or spb, suggesting that ig-secreting cells (isc) are heterogeneous in terms of ig secretion rate. generation of isc ... | 1982 | 6979775 |
| polyclonal activation of human peripheral blood b lymphocytes. iii. cellular interaction and immunoregulation of immunoglobulin-secreting cells induced by formaldehyde-fixed salmonella paratyphi b. | | 1982 | 6980749 |
| immunochemistry of salmonella o-antigens: specificity of rabbit antibodies against the o-antigen 2 determinant elicited by whole bacteria and 3-o-alpha-paratopyranosyl-d-mannopyranosyl conjugated to bovine serum albumin. | the binding specificities of antibodies directed against the salmonella sero-group a-specific o-antigen 2 determinant were characterized by precipitation-inhibition and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay inhibition tests. two different antigen o-2-specific antisera were investigated: one conventional factor o-2 serum (elicited by whole heat-killed salmonella paratyphi a bacteria) and another elicited by the synthetic disaccharide 3-o-a-paratopyranosyl-d-mannopyranosyl (formula: see text) covalent ... | 1980 | 6985605 |
| the tonb-dependent ferrichrome receptor fcua of yersinia enterocolitica: evidence against a strict co-evolution of receptor structure and substrate specificity. | a yersinia enterocolitica receptor mutant was isolated which is impaired in ferrichrome uptake. the receptor-encoding gene fcua was cloned in escherichia coli k-12. a fcua mutant of y. enterocolitica could be complemented by the cloned dna fragment. the fcua-encoding region was sequenced and an open reading frame encoding 758 amino acids including a signal sequence of 36 amino acids was found. fcua shared 34.6% amino acid sequence homology with fata, the anguibactin receptor of vibrio anguillaru ... | 1993 | 8384682 |
| specific detection of salmonella spp. by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. | three sets of oligonucleotide primers were used in the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay to detect salmonella species. phop primers specific to the phop/phoq loci of coliform pathogenic bacteria such as salmonella, shigella, escherichia coli, and citrobacter species served as presumptive indicators of enteric bacteria. in addition to the phop primers, the hin and the h-1i primers, which targeted a 236-bp region of hin/h2 and a 173-bp region of the h-1i flagellin gene, respectively, were used ... | 1993 | 8517741 |
| agglutination and bactericidal responses of the channel catfish to salmonella paratyphi. | | 1981 | 7016617 |
| salmonella infections in singapore. | the incidence of typhoid and paratyphoid in singapore from 1976 to 1979 is reviewed. common vi-phage types were a, b1, b2, d1, d2 and e1. most of the paratyphoid cases were imported but an outbreak of paratyphoid a started in 1979 for the first time in singapore with a predominance of untypable phage type strains. most of the strains of salmonella typi and salmonella paratyphi a & b were susceptible to antibiotics, except for 4 strains of s typhi isolated from imported cases. infections caused b ... | 1981 | 7025739 |
| the geographical distribution of salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi a and b phage types during the period 1 january 1970 to 31 december 1973. a report of the international federation for enteric phage-typing (ifept). | the frequency distribution is presented of the vi-phage types of salmonella typhi and of the phage types of s. paratyphi a and s. paratyphi b, examined by the national centres represented in the ifept from 1970 to 1974. the most common types encountered in this international study were a and e1 (= e 1 a), as has been previously observed. there was, however, a wide range of types, many of which are characteristic of particular geographical zones. the occurrence of such types out of their habitual ... | 1982 | 7061837 |
| salmonella abscess of the ovary. | a 13-year-old patient with an ovarian abscess caused by salmonella paratyphi c1-7 had positive stool cultures for the same organism. she recovered after surgical removal of the abscess and intravenous antibiotics. | 1995 | 7847540 |
| molecular cloning and expression of salmonella paratyphi a 52 kda specific protein gene. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific to salmonella paratyphi a have been established by our group in 1989. these mabs were proven to be species-specific for 52 kda protein of s. paratyphi a but the nature of this protein is unknown. however, our group have proved that the 52 kda protein which is specific to s. typhi was flagellin. this present study has characterized the 52 kda protein of s. paratyphi a and identified its encoded gene. the plasmid containing the specific 52 kda antigen gene was ... | 1994 | 7872990 |
| urgent need for effective vaccine against salmonella paratyphi a, b and c. | | 1995 | 8719526 |
| [current epidemiological status of salmonellosis of humans in germany]. | infections caused by salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi b have special epidemiological significance. however, the enteritis caused by salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium dominates. a complex typing of these serovars is the prerequisite for both, an effective surveillance of salmonellosis and the detection of occurring replacements and variations of the pathogens. the increasing occurrence of salmonella in spices since 1993 is epidemiologically remarkable. in this connection, ... | 1994 | 7927464 |
| salmonella paratyphi--an unusual cause of primary septic arthritis of the hip. | salmonella paratyphi is an extremely rare cause of primary septic arthritis of the hip, especially in the u.k. the presentation is no different from other causative organisms. a case is described illustrating that uncommon organisms can cause septic arthritis and that for successful treatment correct organism identification is paramount. | 1994 | 7984984 |
| [outbreak of salmonella paratyphi b infections in connection with consumption of smoked fish]. | in the period from 2-10 august 1991 an outbreak caused by s. paratyphi b occurred in five rural areas of the district of leipzig. eleven patients and one excreter were involved, and mild forms of disease were observed in most cases. in three of the patients a mixed infection with s. litchfield was diagnosed. moreover at the same time 21 cases of enteritis caused by s. litchfield and three excreters associated with this serovar were registered in these five rural areas. both infections with s. pa ... | 1994 | 8019069 |
| antimicrobial antibodies in danish slaughterhouse workers and greenhouse workers. | as a consequence of contact with animals and animal products slaughterhouse workers might be at risk of infection with pathogenic microorganisms. this hypothesis has been supported by some earlier studies. in this study 217 slaughtermen and a control group of 113 greenhouse workers were investigated for the prevalence of serum antibodies to toxoplasma gondii, campylobacter jejuni (iga and igg), yersinia enterocolitica types 3 and 9, yersinia pseudotuberculosis types i, ii, iii, iv, and v, salmon ... | 1994 | 8034365 |
| drug sensitivity of salmonella paratyphi a isolated from a suspected outbreak of enteric fever in duliajan. | an outbreak of paratyphoid fever due to salmonella paratyphi a occurred during june 1991 to march 1992 in duliajan, assam. s paratyphi a was isolated from blood, stool, urine and gall bladder content. most of the strains (92%) were resistant to ampicillin and a few (10%) to chloramphenicol. most of the strains belonged to phage type i. | 1994 | 8071554 |
| [hygienic aspects of water quality from the danube river in novi sad]. | in order to assess the water quality of the danube river during the bathing season (june, 15. -september, 15.) from 1992-1995, water was examined every day (bacteriologically and chemically) while "big chemistry", hybrid analysis and determination of physiologic groups were performed every other week at the locality of the most beautiful beach called strand in novi sad. analyses showed that water did not meet criteria of the ii class quality in regard to microbiologic requirements in 63.44% of s ... | 1997 | 9297048 |
| the xbai-blni-ceui genomic cleavage map of salmonella paratyphi b. | the genomic cleavage map of salmonella paratyphi b was determined through digestion with endonucleases and separation of the fragments by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. the chromosome has 19 xbai sites, 10 blni sites, and 7 ceui sites. the fragments were arranged in order through excision of fragments from the gel, redigestion with a second enzyme, end labelling with 32p, and reelectrophoresis. tn10 transposons inserted in 61 different genes of s. typhimurium lt2 were transduced by use of bac ... | 1994 | 8106312 |
| survivability of salmonella paratyphi b var java on experimentally infected cockroaches. | cockroaches are inhabitant of sewers and frequent visitors of kitchen and stores in the night to feed on left over. it is liable to disseminate a number of pathogens by contaminating kitchen surface, feeding vessels and food items left open. salmonella paratyphi b var java a common pathogen of man and animal was used in the study to evaluate its survival and excretion in cockroaches. the host when fed on semisolid feed containing 1 x 10(7) cfu of s. paratyphi b var java g-1, it was found that th ... | 1995 | 7558200 |
| [bactericidal activity of 6 antibiotics and 3 combinations against 6 strains of salmonella isolated from blood]. | the bactericidal activity of 6 antibiotics and 3 combinations was evaluated against 6 salmonella strains isolated from blood: 3 sensitive to all antibiotics tested (1 salmonella typhi, 1 salmonella paratyphi a et 1 salmonella enteritidis) and 3 harbouring a tem penicillinase (1 salmonella typhi, 1 salmonella virchow et 1 salmonella typhimurium). mics of 6 antibiotics, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, ciprofloxacin, amikacin and chloramphenicol were determined by microdilution method in mue ... | 1995 | 7567112 |
| comparison of two regimens for ciprofloxacin treatment of enteric infections. | a clinical trial was conducted in 50 patients with blood cultures positive for salmonella typhi or salmonella paratyphi to compare treatment with ciprofloxacin for seven days, 500 mg b.i.d. (group 1, 25 patients), with treatment for ten days, 750 mg b.i.d. (group 2, 25 patients). clinical cure was defined as defervescence of fever by day 5 of treatment, with an absence of complications and no clinical relapse. the clinical cure rate was 84% for group 1 and 96% for group 2; the difference in thes ... | 1997 | 9447901 |
| thrombosis of cerebral veins dural sinuses after paratyphi. | a 20 year old woman was admitted to our department 15 days after the onset of typhoid fever treated with chloramphenicol. the patient showed intracranial hypertension with generalized seizures, slight right hemiparesis and a left vi cranial nerve deficit with diplopia. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) showed occlusion of the superior longitudinal, right transverse, right sigmoid sinus combined with a single hemorrhagic infarct in the left occipito-parietal area. serum tests were positive for sal ... | 1995 | 7591678 |
| the chromosome of salmonella paratyphi a is inverted by recombination between rrnh and rrng. | salmonella paratyphi a, a human-adapted bacterial pathogen, causes paratyphoid enteric fever. we established the genome map of strain atcc 9150 by the use of four endonucleases, xbai, i-ceui, avrii (= blni), and spei, which generated 27, 7, 19, and 38 fragments, respectively; the sum of the fragments in each case indicates a genome size of ca. 4,600 kb. with phage p22, we transduced tn10 insertions in known genes from salmonella typhimurium lt2 to s. paratyphi a atcc 9150 and located these inser ... | 1995 | 7592437 |
| antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants extracts on escherichia coli, salmonella paratyphi and shigella dysenteriae. | the antimicrobial activity of three plants extracts--momordica charantia, alstonia boonei, and ocimum bacilicum on pure and viable cultures of escherichia coli, salmonella paratyphi and shigella dysenterae was examined. cold maceration method of extraction using 95% ethanol was used for the extraction of the active constituents of the leaves. filter paper disks which were 6 mm in diameter were used for sensitivity testing. results showed that the extracts from the leaves of the three plants have ... | 1996 | 9532310 |
| ventricular septal defect with endocarditis caused by salmonella paratyphi a. | | 1994 | 8134948 |
| the microbiology "unknown" misadventure. | a 19-year-old nursing student was hospitalized after several days of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and fevers. salmonella paratyphi a was isolated from multiple blood cultures. because this is an unlikely isolate in the united states, an investigation ensued. two and a half weeks earlier, the student had been working on a microbiology laboratory exercise "unknown." both the "unknown" organism and the patient's blood culture isolates were identified as s. paratyphi a, with the same biochemical reac ... | 1998 | 9638293 |
| streptococcus pyogenes peritonitis associated with genital swelling and gastroenteritis caused by cryptosporidium and salmonella paratyphi b in an hiv infected patient on capd. | | 1995 | 7724018 |
| randomized comparison of aztreonam and chloramphenicol in treatment of typhoid fever. | patients with clinical typhoid fever plus a blood, bone marrow, or bile positive for salmonella typhi or salmonella paratyphi were included in an open clinical trial to compare the efficacy of aztreonam (6 g/day [2 g intravenously every 8 h]) given for 10 days with that of chloramphenicol (50 mg/kg of body weight per day [intravenously or orally]) administered for 14 days. a total of 44 patients, 22 in each group, were included in the study, and both groups were comparable in terms of baseline p ... | 1994 | 8203854 |
| genotypic typing and phylogenetic analysis of salmonella paratyphi b and s. java with is200. | salmonella paratyphi b and salmonella java are biovars of common serotype 1,4,[5],12:b:1,2 which respectively cause human paratyphoid fever and gastroenteritis. in order to define genotypes and phylogenetic relationships in this group, we examined representative strains for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) in and around the 16s ribosomal rna (rrn) genes, and the five to eleven insertion sites of the salmonella-specific dna insertion sequence is200. one of four 16s rrn profiles w ... | 1993 | 8254310 |
| epidemiology of salmonellosis and its sensitivity in karachi. | over the past five years 25,000 blood cultures were screened for septicaemia. of these 6.7% were positive for salmonella species, the commonest being salmonella typhi accounting for 92% of total salmonella isolates. over the years, s. typhi showed a gradual decline ranging from 96.7 to 87%. while salmonella paratyphi a has shown a gradual increase ranging from 2.5% to 11.4%. salmonellosis peaked in the year 1990 suggesting an epidemic. the antibiotic sensitivity pattern showed a gradual increase ... | 1993 | 8283597 |
| [a case of imported paratyphoid fever associated with giardia lamblia and isospora belli infection]. | we report a case of imported paratyphoid fever associated with giardia lamblia and isospora belli infection. the patient was a 23-year-old japanese female with complaints of high grade fever and diarrhea after 10 days traveling to nepal. salmonella paratyphi a was isolated from the blood and fecal cultures on admission and ciprofloxacin of 200 mg tid was administered for 14 days. fecal examination revealed cysts of g. lamblia at the same time and metronidazole of 250 mg tid for 7 days was effect ... | 1998 | 9916420 |
| bacterial isolates from neutropenic febrile pediatric patients and their sensitivity patterns to antibiotics. | patients on cytotoxic therapy often develop neutropenia and fever. our interest was to identify the common pathogens isolated from such patients and to study the sensitivity patterns of these organisms to the antibiotics used in their treatment. thus, guidelines can be established by hospitals to identify which antibiotics can be used in the treatment of these patients when the results of cultures and sensitivities are not available. we conducted a retrospective study of neutropenic pediatrics p ... | 1998 | 10028802 |
| antimicrobial activity of wedelia trilobata crude extracts. | a biological screening of activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, and fungi of crude extracts from wedelia trilobata is reported. the n-hexane extract showed antibacterial activity against bacillus subtilis, mycobacterium smegmatis, staphylococcus aureus, and staphylococcus epidermidis (gram-positive bacteria); along with proteus vulgaris, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella group c, salmonella paratyphi, and shigella sonnei (gram-negative bacteria). the ethyl acetate e ... | 1999 | 10374253 |
| genomic mapping with i-ceu i, an intron-encoded endonuclease specific for genes for ribosomal rna, in salmonella spp., escherichia coli, and other bacteria. | construction of physical maps of genomes by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis requires enzymes which cut the genome into an analyzable number of fragments; most produce too many fragments. the enzyme i-ceu i, encoded by a mobile intron in the chloroplast 23s ribosomal rna (rrl) gene of chlamydomonas eugametos, cuts a 26-bp site in the rrl gene. this enzyme digests dna of salmonella typhimurium at seven sites, each corresponding to one of the rrl genes of the rrn operons, but at no other site. the ... | 1993 | 8341713 |
| immunological detection of salmonella paratyphi a in raw prawns. | a slot blot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using monoclonal antibodies specific only for salmonella paratyphi a, to detect s. paratyphi a contamination in raw prawns has been established. when artificially contaminated prawn samples were tested. s. paratyphi a contamination could be identified correctly within 20 h. no false positives from samples artificially contaminated by other microorganisms were obtained. the sensitivity was such that as few as 1 s. paratyphi a organism per g of raw pr ... | 1994 | 7811098 |
| genomic subtractive hybridization and selective capture of transcribed sequences identify a novel salmonella typhimurium fimbrial operon and putative transcriptional regulator that are absent from the salmonella typhi genome. | salmonella typhi, the etiologic agent of typhoid fever, is adapted to the human host and unable to infect nonprimate species. the genetic basis for host specificity in s. typhi is unknown. the avirulence of s. typhi in animal hosts may result from a lack of genes present in the broad-host-range pathogen salmonella typhimurium. genomic subtractive hybridization was successfully employed to isolate s. typhimurium genomic sequences which are absent from the s. typhi genome. these genomic subtracted ... | 1999 | 10496884 |
| surgical management of complicated gastrointestinal salmonellosis in children. | from january 1984 to october 1991, 11 consecutive patients with complication of salmonella infection received surgical intervention at our hospital. the age at operation ranged from 4 days to 8 years old, with a mean of 1 year and 8 months. most of them (64%) were under the age of one year. eight cases were male, 3 cases were female. the most common pathogen was salmonella paratyphi gr. b (73%); the most common presenting symptoms and signs were abdominal pain (82%), pyrexia (82%) and muscle gua ... | 1993 | 8372676 |
| salmonella paratyphi a induced pancytopenia--a new association. | a case of salmonella paratyphi a fever with reversible pancytopenia in a 15 years old boy who presented with history of high grade continuous fever, epistaxis and haemoptysis, relative bradycardia and splenomegaly is described here. a brief review of the literature on possible causes of reversible pancytopenia in this case is also discussed. | 1995 | 8523646 |
| identification of salmonella spp. with rambach agar in conjunction with the 4-methylumbelliferyl caprylate (mucap) fluorescence test. | the utility of rambach agar to identify salmonella spp. was examined relative to its usefulness in clinical microbiology. forty-four of 54 (82%) salmonella organisms isolated from faecal cultures and 66 of 82 (84%) salmonella stock cultures produced bright red colour colonies after 24 h incubation at 37 degrees c, whereas 48 of 54 (89%) salmonellae isolated from faecal cultures, and 74 of 82 (90%) salmonella stock cultures, yielded the bright red colour when the incubation time was extended to 4 ... | 1994 | 7841836 |
| outbreak of food poisoning due to salmonella paratyphi a var durazzo (2,12:a:-) in yavatmal (maharashtra) in may 1995. | thirty three patients presented with acute diarrhoea and vomiting, 12-24 h after consuming vegetarian food. twenty three patients developed high grade fever, with two patients developing complications. salmonella paratyphi a var durazzo was isolated from 12 faecal samples. this serovar of salmonella as a causative organism of food poisoning is unusual. | 1996 | 8714142 |
| urinary tract infection at a specialist hospital in saudi arabia. | midstream specimens of urine from inpatients and out patients at king fahd specialist hospital in buraidah, saudi arabia, were collected over a period of 12 months to determine prospectively the frequencies of different causative organisms and their antimicrobial susceptibility. a total of 854 from 4157 specimens (20.54%) gave significant bacterial counts i.e., counts greater than 10(5) organisms per millilitre. escherichia coli was the commonest organism (50.11%) followed by klebsiella spp. (28 ... | 1995 | 8754285 |
| spontaneous perforation of the gallbladder from cholecystitis with acute appendicitis in pregnancy. a case report. | spontaneous perforation of the gallbladder is an uncommon and serious complication of cholecystitis. | 1996 | 8799925 |
| treatment of enteric fever with pefloxacin for 7 days versus 5 days: a randomized clinical trial. | in this prospective study of enteric fever, 22 patients received 400 mg of pefloxacin twice daily for 5 days (group a) and 24 received 400 mg of pefloxacin twice daily for 7 days (group b). causative microorganisms were salmonella typhi (8 in group a, 11 in group b) and salmonella paratyphi b (14 in group a, 13 in group b). the clinical cure and bacterial eradication rates were 96% (21 of 22) in group a and 100% in group b. in conclusion, 5-day oral administration of pefloxacin was as effective ... | 1996 | 9124864 |
| a relapse of paratyphoid fever after treatment with ciprofloxacin in a child with congenital biliary atresia. | this report describes a relapse of salmonella paratyphi b infection in a child with biliary atresia, following 2 weeks of treatment with ciprofloxacin. the recrudescence was complicated by the development of osteomyelitis and was treated with chloramphenicol, trimethoprim, ceftriaxone and ampicillin in succession. | 1997 | 9183498 |
| hepatitis e virus and salmonella paratyphi a coinfection. | we report a patient with simultaneous salmonella paratyphi a and hepatitis e virus infection. the possibility of coinfection with water borne diseases in india is emphasized. | 1997 | 9248192 |
| splenic abscess--case report and review of literature. | isolated splenic abscess is a rarity and remains a diagnostic dilemma. the presentation is nonspecific and diagnosis is often delayed. we present a case which had roentgenographic signs suggestive of splenic suppuration at admission. of particular interest was the isolation of salmonella paratyphi in this patient. antibiotic therapy alone is insufficient and splenectomy remains the treatment of choice. the literature on splenic abscess is briefly reviewed. | 1997 | 9385863 |
| antimicrobial and phytochemical studies on 45 indian medicinal plants against multi-drug resistant human pathogens. | ethanolic extracts of 45 indian medicinal plants traditionally used in medicine were studied for their antimicrobial activity against certain drug-resistant bacteria and a yeast candida albicans of clinical origin. of these, 40 plant extracts showed varied levels of antimicrobial activity against one or more test bacteria. anticandidal activity was detected in 24 plant extracts. overall, broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity was observed in 12 plants (l. inermis, eucalyptus sp., h. antidysentric ... | 2001 | 11167029 |
| bioactivity studies of extracts from tridax procumbens. | an updated review on the biological activity of tridax procumbens is presented. a detailed biological screening comprised of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi using crude extracts of this plant was undertaken. the n-hexane extract of the flowers showed activity against escherichia coli. the same extract of the whole aerial parts was active against mycobacterium smegmatis, escherichia coli, salmonella group c and salmonella paratyphi. the ethyl-acetate extract of the flow ... | 2000 | 11185735 |
| comparison of viab regions of vi-positive organisms. | we cloned the vipr genes from salmonella paratyphi c, s. dublin, and citrobacter freundii strains and compared them with the s. typhi sequence to clarify the genetic relationship of the viab regions of vi-positive organisms. viab regions were divided into two groups based on their sequences, the salmonella and c. freundii groups. the vipr coding sequences of the salmonella group were identical. southern blot hybridization results using the full-length viab region as a probe support these finding ... | 1997 | 9418239 |
| pleural empyema due to salmonella paratyphi in a patient with aids. | pleural empyema due to salmonella has rarely been reported in immunocompromised patients. here, we present a case of a 25-year old man infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (hiv-1) who presented with a left-sided pleural effusion. the cause was confirmed bacteriologically to be due to salmonella paratyphi. the outcome was favourable after antibiotic therapy coupled with pleural drainage. it should be recognised that pleural empyema due to salmonella may occur in hiv-infected subj ... | 1997 | 9438469 |
| quinolone-resistant salmonella paratyphi b meningitis in a newborn: a case report. | while there are concerns about the consequences of widespread use of quinolones, there are few reports of quinolone-resistant strains of salmonella typhi or salmonella paratyphi from the indian subcontinent. we present a case report of a newborn with meningitis due to a quinolone-resistant strain of s. paratyphi b presenting to the aga khan university hospital (akuh). | 1997 | 9459410 |
| treatment of extravasation from parenteral nutrition solution. | to report two cases of parenteral nutrition extravasation and their treatment in adult patients. | 1998 | 9475821 |
| quantitation of bacteria in blood of typhoid fever patients and relationship between counts and clinical features, transmissibility, and antibiotic resistance. | salmonella typhi was isolated from 369 and salmonella paratyphi a was isolated from 6 of 515 vietnamese patients with suspected enteric fever. compared with conventional broth culture of blood, direct plating of the buffy coat had a diagnostic sensitivity of 99.5% (95% confidence interval [ci], 97.1 to 100%). blood bacterial counts were estimated by the pour plate method. the median s. typhi count in blood was 1 cfu/ml (range, <0.3 to 387 cfu/ml), of which a mean of 63% (95% ci, 58 to 67%) were ... | 1998 | 9620400 |
| double infection with giardia lamblia and salmonella paratyphi a associated with acute renal failure. | while traveling in india, a previously healthy twenty-year-old man had febrile diarrhea. the patient was prescribed medical therapy, and all symptoms were resolved. fourteen days later, however, similar symptoms recurred. the patient was admitted to a local hospital, but was transferred to our department because of oliguria. salmonella paratyphi a was isolated from blood and stool specimens, and giardia lamblia was identified in his stool. the patient's condition was complicated by acute renal f ... | 1998 | 9652908 |
| identification of a new site for ferrichrome transport by comparison of the fhua proteins of escherichia coli, salmonella paratyphi b, salmonella typhimurium, and pantoea agglomerans. | the fhua genes of salmonella paratyphi b, salmonella typhimurium, and pantoea agglomerans were sequenced and compared with the known fhua sequence of escherichia coli. the highly similar fhua proteins displayed the largest difference in the predicted gating loop, which in e. coli controls the permeability of the fhua channel and serves as the principal binding site for the phages t1, t5, and phi80. all the fhua proteins contained the region in the gating loops required in e. coli for ferrichrome ... | 1998 | 9683481 |
| molecular analysis of salmonella paratyphi a from an outbreak in new delhi, india. | | 1998 | 9716989 |
| clinical importance of salmonella paratyphi a infection to enteric fever in nepal. | background: enteric fever in nepal is caused by infection with salmonella typhi or salmonella paratyphi a. the clinical presentation of these two illnesses has never been compared in a population of travelers and expatriates. if the illnesses are clinically comparable, and if s. paratyphi a infection is sufficiently common, the choice of typhoid vaccine for nepal may have to take into account the vaccine's efficacy in preventing infection with s. paratyphi a. methods: nonnepalese patients presen ... | 1995 | 9815378 |
| [notification according to the law for protection against infections]. | since january 1st 2001, the law for protection against infections decrees the duty of notification along two tracks, on the one hand by notification of infectious diseases and on the other hand by reporting the pathogens. however, the names of pathogens change due to scientific progress. furthermore, these names include in some cases not only harmful agents of infectious diseases but also inoffensive organisms, i. e. giardia lamblia. there are also problems in the notification of other pathogens ... | 2001 | 11735068 |
| value of a single-tube widal test in diagnosis of typhoid fever in vietnam. | the diagnostic value of an acute-phase single-tube widal test for suspected typhoid fever was evaluated with 2,000 vietnamese patients admitted to an infectious disease referral hospital between 1993 and 1998. test patients had suspected typhoid fever and a blood culture positive for salmonella typhi (n= 1,400) or salmonella paratyphi a (n = 45). control patients had a febrile illness for which another cause was confirmed (malaria [n = 103], dengue [n = 76], or bacteremia due to another microorg ... | 1999 | 10449469 |
| microbial killing activity of peracetic acid. | in vitro killing activity of peracetic acid (perasafe) at a concentration of 0.26 per cent w/v was tested against escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella typhi, salmonella paratyphi a, acinetobacter baumannii, sternotrophomonas maltophilia, enterococcus faecium, enterococcus faecalis, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), bacillus subtilis spore, mycobacterium tuberculosis and human immuno-deficiency virus type i. exposure t ... | 2001 | 11804244 |
| treatment of typhoid fever with azithromycin versus chloramphenicol in a randomized multicentre trial in india. | to compare the clinical and bacteriological efficacies of azithromycin and chloramphenicol for treatment of typhoid fever, 77 bacteriologically evaluable adults, with blood cultures positive for salmonella typhi or salmonella paratyphi a susceptible to their assigned drugs, were entered into a randomized open trial at four hospitals in india. forty-two patients were randomized to receive azithromycin 500 mg p.o. od for 7 days and 35 to receive chloramphenicol 2-3 g p.o. od in four divided doses ... | 1999 | 10473232 |
| acalculous cholecystitis caused by salmonella paratyphi b infection in a child with acute pre-b-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. | acute acalculous cholecystitis (ac) rarely occurs in children with acute leukemia. the principal treatment modality of ac is emergency surgery. medical treatment of ac is not a good therapeutic approach. the mortality rate of ac is approximately 100% for medical treatment and 10-15% for emergency surgery. a 9-year-old boy with acute pre-b-cell lymphoblastic leukemia and ac caused by salmonella paratyphi b infection is presented. he was successfully treated with cefepime, amikacin, and granulocyt ... | 1999 | 10505326 |
| culture of salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi from blood and bone marrow in suspected typhoid fever. | we studied the yield of blood and bone marrow (bm) cultures in 145 patients clinically suspected of typhoid fever (tf) in indonesia. the objectives were to compare the positivity of blood culture using 3 ml versus 10 ml of blood and to examine in how far specific antibiotic treatment for tf interfered with the positivity of bm culture. blood for culture was collected before antibiotic treatment was initiated in hospital and bm 1 to 10 days after the start of treatment. cultures were performed wi ... | 1995 | 8560588 |
| salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi antibodies in kenya. | the distribution of salmonella typhi, s. paratyphi a. and s. paratyphi c. agglutinins among 364 sera from a randomly selected group of healthy individuals in nairobi and naivasha (kenya) were analysed in relation to bacteriologically confirmed cases of typhoid fever at the kenyatta national hospital (knh). out of these, 30% of the healthy individuals had no detectable widal titres. overall agglutinin titres obtained for the healthy population showed that 96% of the individuals had low level reac ... | 1995 | 8689970 |
| synthesis, characterization, and immunological properties in mice of conjugates composed of detoxified lipopolysaccharide of salmonella paratyphi a bound to tetanus toxoid with emphasis on the role of o acetyls. | salmonella paratyphi a, the second most common cause of enteric fever in southeast asia, is a habitant of and a pathogen for humans only. lipopolysaccharides (lps) are both essential virulence factors and protective antigens for systemic infections caused by groups a, b, c, and d nontyphoidal salmonellae. the o-specific polysaccharide of s. paratyphi a is composed of a trisaccharide, -->2-alpha-d)-manp-(1-->4)-alpha-l-rhap-(1-->3)-alpha-d-galp -(1-->, with a branch of d-paratose from the c-3 of ... | 1996 | 8698499 |
| proposal of salmonella paratyphi sp. nov., nom. rev. and request for an opinion to conserve the specific epithet paratyphi in the binary combination salmonella paratyphi as nomen epitheton conservandum. | we propose salmonella paratyphi sp. nov., nom. rev., by raising salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis serovar paratyphi a to species status and request an opinion to include the specific epithet paratyphi in the binary combination of salmonella paratyphi in the list of epitheta specifica conservanda. | 2000 | 10758909 |
| safety and efficacy of cefepime versus ceftazidime in the treatment of severe infections. | an open-label, randomized study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cefepime versus ceftazidime in the treatment of severe bacterial infections, including septicemia, urinary tract infection, bacterial bronchitis, bacterial pneumonia, and intraabdominal infection. fifty-two patients with severe infections were eligible and prospectively randomized to receive cefepime (26 patients) or ceftazidime (26 patients) during a 15-month period. forty-two patients were evaluable (24 in the ... | 2002 | 12380788 |
| detection of igm antibody against region iv flagellin of salmonella paratyphi a. | salmonella paratyphi a is a pathogenic bacterium that causes paratyphoid fever. the current laboratory diagnostic techniques are unsatisfactory. to improve diagnosis, a plasmid (psk-8e) encoding phase 1 flagellin gene nucleotide position 452-890 from s. paratyphi a has been constructed. the recombinant protein expressed from the plasmid has been used to develop an indirect elisa for igm antibody detection. sera from patients with hemoculture positive for s. paratyphi a, s. typhi, other gram-posi ... | 1998 | 10772578 |
| rapid diagnosis of typhoid fever. | a reverse passive haemagglutination test (rpha) was designed for the detection of salmonella typhi antigen and rapid diagnosis of typhoid fever. two per cent fresh sheep rbc's were coated with 32 micrograms/ml of immunoglobulin. the minimal detectable level of the antigen was 1250 micrograms/ml. cross reactions were observed with the samples of patients suffering from salmonella paratyphi a and pseudomonas infections. the rpha established was used for the detection of s. typhi antigen in culture ... | 1998 | 10773905 |
| incidence of salmonella in fish and seafood. | field laboratories of the u.s. food and drug administration collected and tested 11,312 import and 768 domestic seafood samples over a 9-year period (1990 to 1998) for the presence of salmonella. the overall incidence of salmonella was 7.2% for import and 1.3% for domestic seafood. nearly 10% of import and 2.8% of domestic raw seafood were positive for salmonella. the overall incidence of salmonella in ready-to-eat seafood and shellfish eaten raw was 0.47% for domestic--one shucked oyster and on ... | 2000 | 10826714 |
| role and behaviour of the hydrophobic conditions in bacterial adhesion to incurrent siphon in a bivalve mollusc. | surface hydrophobicity is a widely distributed characteristic among human bacterial pathogens playing an important role in microbes retention by the incurrent siphon of a marine bivalve. feeding retention experiments with the bivalve mesodesma donacium was done with hydrophobic strains alone (staphylococcus aureus, salmonella paratyphi, vibrio cholerae) or with mixed cultures using a hydrophilic strain (aeromonas hydrophila). results showed that hydrophobic bacteria are retained in greater numbe ... | 2000 | 10997493 |
| electrophoretic analysis of salmonella typhi and other bacteria. | a comparative study involving sds-page of salmonella typhi and other bacteria was conducted. protoplasmic antigens of salmonella typhi. salmonella paratyphi a, salmonella typhimurium, proteus sp, klebsiellas sp. pseudomonas aeruginosa, shigella flexneri, staphylococcus aureus were separated and compared on sds-page followed by checking of their cross reactivity by gel diffusion using antisera raised against whole cell and lysates of salmonella typhi. lines of identity between salmonella typhi, s ... | 2002 | 12649947 |
| role of molecular typing in an outbreak of salmonella paratyphi a. | during the post monsoon season of 1996 an outbreak of human salmonellosis caused by salmonella serovar-paratyphi a occurred in new delhi and had continued for over 2 months. a total of 36 clinically diagnosed enteric-fever cases were reported during this outbreak. the isolates were compared following their characterisation by biotyping, antibiogram-analysis, plasmid-profiling and is200 probing, to study the relatedness in order to delineate a common source. the study included representative stra ... | 2000 | 11084832 |
| sepsis and multiple brain abscesses caused by salmonella paratyphi b in an infant: successful treatment with sulbactam-ampicillin and surgical drainage. | abscess formation by salmonella species is an uncommon but significant manifestation of salmonellosis, because this type of infection has high morbidity and mortality rates and is a potential nosocomial hazard. in infants, history of consumption of contaminated water should be especially quired. we report a case who had sepsis and multiple brain abscesses due to salmonella paratyphi b and who responded to sulbactam-ampicillin (sam) therapy. sulbactam-ampicillin combination may be preferable due ... | 2001 | 11297167 |
| fhua barrel-cork hybrids are active transporters and receptors. | the crystal structure of escherichia coli fhua reveals a beta-barrel domain that is closed by a globular cork domain. it has been assumed that the proton motive force of the cytoplasmic membrane through the interaction of the tonb protein with the tonb box of the cork opens the fhua channel. yet, deletion of the cork results in an fhua derivative, fhuadelta5-160, that still displays tonb-dependent substrate transport and phage receptor activity. to investigate this unexpected finding further, we ... | 2001 | 11344156 |
| isolation of salmonella paratyphi a from a patient with nephrolithiases. | we describe a case of salmonella paratyphi a isolated from urine of a 37-year-old saudi patient who is a known case of nephrolithiasis and hydronephrosis with frequent admission for management of renal stones. history of enteric fever was not documented and urinary schistosomiasis in such a patient from endemic area is a strong possibility. relevant literature was discussed. | 2003 | 12754545 |
| seasonal variation in bacterial pathogens isolated from stool samples in karachi, pakistan. | to determine the seasonal variation of the commonly isolated bacterial pathogens in stool samples. | 2003 | 12779031 |
| [increasing number of salmonella paratyphi b isolates from slaughtered poultry sent in to the national salmonella reference laboratory]. | in the last years the number of isolations of salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar paratyphi b (s. paratyphi b) sent to the national salmonella reference laboratory of germany has increased steadily. most of the isolates originated from fowl or poultry products. the bacteriological, serological and biochemical properties of the isolates were investigated. special emphasis was given to the utilization of d-tartrate which subgroups the serovar. all of them belonged to the d-tartrate pos ... | 2001 | 11413710 |
| outbreak of salmonella paratyphi b var java due to contaminated alfalfa sprouts in alberta, british columbia and saskatchewan. | | 2001 | 11523182 |
| antimicrobial resistance of bacterial pathogens associated with diarrheal patients in indonesia. | the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for 2,812 bacterial pathogens isolated from diarrheal patients admitted to hospitals in several provinces in the cities of jakarta, padang, medan, denpasar, pontianak, makassar, and batam, indonesia were analyzed from 1995 to 2001 to determine their changing trends in response to eight antibiotics: ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, cephalothin, ceftriaxone, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. vibrio cholerae o1 (37.1%) ... | 2003 | 12887025 |
| [dissociation of salmonella paratyphi a containing the h antigen]. | | 1952 | 12986362 |
| [use of agar culture medium for the examination of beef for paratyphoid bacteria]. | | 1952 | 12989483 |
| [typing of salmonella typhi b and salmonella para typhi b with phages; preliminary observations on typing in central italy]. | | 1952 | 12994637 |
| [the formation of a mucous wall in salmonella paratyphi type b]. | | 1952 | 12995778 |
| bacteriologic studies in an outbreak of salmonellosis in korea, with special attention to salmonella paratyphi and perforations of paratyphoid ulcers. | | 1952 | 12996494 |
| [the formation of bacteriophages in the cultures of mixed strains of salmonella paratyphi b]. | | 1952 | 12998132 |
| [the so-called vi antigen of s. paratyphi b]. | | 1952 | 13008993 |
| [antigenic and vaccinating power of bacteria killed by pressure. ii]. | | 1952 | 13019464 |
| the vi antigen of salmonella paratyphi a. | | 1952 | 13022967 |
| the vi antigen of salmonella paratyphi b. | | 1952 | 13022968 |
| studies on urinary carriage of enteric group organisms. v. cultural abnormality and variation in isolated strains. | | 1953 | 13023737 |
| [lisbonne's and carrère's phenomenon and the phagotypes of s. paratyphi b; formation of bacteriophages by recombination of elements from various strains]. | | 1952 | 13025563 |
| studies on the chemical construction of several endotoxins, from the view point of their ultraviolet absorption spectra. | | 1952 | 13039306 |