Publications

prevalence, risk factors and economic importance of infestations with sarcoptes scabiei and haematopinus suis in sows of pig breeding farms in hesse, germany.	a cross-sectional survey was performed in 110 randomly selected pig-breeding farms of southern hesse, germany to estimate the prevalence of ectoparasite infestations and to find possible risk factors. ear scrapings of, if available, 10 sows per farm were examined for sarcoptes scabiei var. suis (de geer) (acaridida: sarcoptidae) by the potassium hydroxide digestion method, and a total of 2754 sows was inspected for skin lesions and infestations with haematopinus suis (l.) (anoplurida: haematopin ...	2004	15642002
crossreacting igg antibodies against fox mite antigens in human scabies.	scabies continues to be an important parasitic disease of mammals. there remain, however, major gaps in the understanding of the human host immune response, and a simple diagnostic test is lacking. in contrast to human mites, red fox mites (sarcoptes scabiei var. vulpis) can be collected easily and have been used, due to crossreactivity, for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) studies in dogs and pigs. we wanted to investigate the possibility that crossreactivity might also exist for the h ...	2004	15650895
analysis of sarcoptes scabiei finds no evidence of infection with wolbachia.	the endosymbiont wolbachia has been detected in a range of filarial nematodes and parasitic mites and is known to affect host reproductive compatibility and potentially evolutionary processes. pcr of wolbachia surface protein (wsp), ftsz and 16srrna genes from individual sarcoptes scabiei mites obtained from a series of individual hosts, and database searches of an s. scabiei var. hominis est library failed to detect wolbachia genes. therefore, wolbachia appears not to be involved in the genetic ...	2004	15710433
parasitic zoonoses in papua new guinea.	relatively few species of zoonotic parasites have been recorded in humans in papua new guinea. a greater number of potentially zoonotic species, mostly nematodes, occur in animals but are yet to be reported from humans. protozoa is the best represented group of those infecting man, with giardia duodenalis, cryptosporidium parvum, cyclospora cayetanesis, toxoplasma gondii, sarcocystis spp., entamoeba polecki, balantidium coli and, possibly, blastocystis hominis. the only zoonotic helminths infect ...	2005	15831107
sarcoptes scabiei in infundibulum of nodular scabies.		2005	15841668
unusual laboratory findings in a case of norwegian scabies provided a clue to diagnosis.	the diagnosis of norwegian scabies was missed for a year for an elderly long-term-care facility resident. serpiginous tracks were noted on the surface of sabouraud dextrose agar used for fungal culture of the skin scrapings. this unusual laboratory manifestation must alert clinical microbiologists to the possible diagnosis of scabies.	2005	15872307
a closer look at sarcoptes scabiei.		2005	15913439
sarcoptic mange in free-ranging raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in japan.	sarcoptes scabiei infestation was diagnosed in three freshly dead free-ranging raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in kanagawa prefecture, japan. the dogs presented with an alopecic pruritic skin disease, with signs of alopecia on the ears, muzzle, around the eyes, elbow, thigh and the neck, and hyperpigmented and crusted skin lesions, which had a severe malodour. skin scrapings revealed the presence of the mite sarcoptes scabiei. histopathology of lesions demonstrated marked acanthosis, hyp ...	2005	15960631
sarcoptes scabiei infection on an alpaca (lama pacos).		2005	16012592
scrotal mange.		1969	16030665
sperm structure and phylogeny of astigmata.	the astigmata, a large and variable group, is still a subject of taxonomic dispute. particularly, their origin from ancestors of the lower oribatid mites (e.g., malaconothroidea) seems well documented by many lines of evidence. the structure of spermatozoa has been successfully applied to phylogenetic investigations in many animal groups. the aim of our study was to provide new data on spermatozoon structure in astigmata and to consider its appropriateness in phylogenetic studies. the study reve ...	2005	16086405
oral ivermectin for the treatment and prophylaxis of scabies in prison.	oral ivermectin has been widely used to treat various human diseases, such as filariasis, myiasis, larva migrans, strongyloidiasis and scabies (both the common and crusted forms). however, there are only a small number of papers on the effects of this drug for the control of scabies in infested environments. the current study shows the results obtained with the collective treatment of inmates of a public jail.	2005	16096178
use of doramectin for treatment of sarcoptic mange in five angora rabbits.	the efficacy of administering doramectin after moxidectin treatment, which has previously proved only partially effective, was evaluated in five angora rabbits naturally infested with sarcoptes scabiei mange. evaluations included physical examination for clinical signs of sarcoptic mange and collection of skin scrapings for determination of mites. the rabbits first received two subcutaneous injections, 10 days apart, of moxidectin 1% injectable solution at a dosage of 0.2 mg kg(-1) of bodyweight ...	2005	16101801
failure to protect goats following vaccination with soluble proteins of sarcoptes scabiei: evidence for a role for ige antibody in protection.	developing an anti-scabies vaccine is thought to be a feasible alternative to chemical control, since animals which have recovered from sarcoptic mange become resistant against mite reinfestation. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective value of immune responses developed in animals after immunisation with soluble mite proteins. soluble proteins from sarcoptes scabiei were extracted then subjected to ion exchange chromatography, and proteins from the column were eluted step-wise ...	2005	16118041
navigating parasite webs and parasite flow: emerging and re-emerging parasitic zoonoses of wildlife origin.	wildlife are now recognised as an important source of emerging human pathogens, including parasites. this paper discusses the linkages between wildlife, people, zoonotic parasites and the ecosystems in which they co-exist, revisits definitions for 'emerging' and 're-emerging', and lists zoonotic parasites that can be acquired from wildlife including, for some, estimates of the associated global human health burdens. the paper also introduces the concepts of 'parasite webs' and 'parasite flow', p ...	2005	16168994
epidemiological study of scabies in different environmental conditions in central poland.	the goal of the research was to determine the spreading of sarcoptes scabiei and the incidence of scabies in the residents of particular districts of the swietokrzyskie voivodeship (central europe) from 1990 to 1998.	2006	16198600
[acaricidal activity of "medifox" against the human itch mites sarcoptes scabiei].	the acaricidal activity of medifox was evaluated in terms of the itch mites to lend support to the validity of its regimen to treat human scabies. experiments using mainly females, eggs, and larvae withdrawn from the burrows on the skin of patients with scabies were performed. permethrin contained in 0.4% aqueous medifox emulsion was found to affect an itch mite by contact and intestinal routes, without a marked knock-down effect; however, the signs of intoxication are irreversible and lead to t ...	2005	16212099
efficacy and safety of imidacloprid 10% plus moxidectin 2.5% spot-on in the treatment of sarcoptic mange and otoacariosis in dogs: results af a european field study.	efficacy and safety of treatment with imidacloprid 10%+moiddectin 2.5% spot-on (advocate, advantage multi; bayer ag, leverkusen, germany) were tested in dogs naturally infested with sarcoptes scabiei or otodectes cynotis in a multi-centre, controlled, randomized, blinded field study conducted in france, germany, albania and the uk. the study was performed according to a non-inferiority design to demonstrate that the efficacy of imidacloprid/moxidectin spot-on was not inferior to that of a contro ...	2005	16228280
reflectance-mode confocal microscopy for the in vivo detection of sarcoptes scabiei.		2005	16230583
[management of scabies in long term care facilities].	regularly, cases of scabies are diagnosed. old institutionalized persons with depressed immunity are particularly sensitive to this type of infestation. scabies is an ectoparasitose related to sarcoptes scabiei. clinical picture can be highly variable depending of the type of scabies (typical scabies, profuse one or norvegian scabies). even if the etiologic agent is the same, each type has its own characteristics and is different as far as the contagiosity is concerned. diagnostic of scabies can ...	2005	16240873
the rise and fall of psoroptic scabies in bighorn sheep in the san andres mountains, new mexico.	between 1978 and 1997, a combination of psoroptic scabies (psoroptes spp.), mountain lion (puma concolor) predation, and periodic drought reduced a population of native desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) in the san andres mountains (sam), new mexico, from >200 individuals to a single ewe. in 1999, this ewe was captured, ensured to be psoroptes-free, and released back into the sam. eleven radio-collared rams were translocated from the red rock wildlife area (rrwa) in new mexico into the sam r ...	2005	16244062
identification and characterization of sarcoptes scabiei and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus glutathione s-transferases: implication as a potential major allergen in crusted scabies.	the astigmatid mite sarcoptes scabiei is the causative agent of scabies, a highly infectious parasitic disease of the skin. although the mite causes marked hypersensitivity reactions, particularly in crusted (severe) scabies, little is known about the specific scabies mite molecules involved in such immunologic responses. we have identified six genes encoding scabies mite homologues of mu and delta-like glutathione s-transferases (gsts) as well as novel house dust mite gsts. a mu class s. scabie ...	2005	16282315
characterization of an atypical antigen from sarcoptes scabiei containing an madf domain.	we have cloned a cdna encoding a novel antigen from a sarcoptes scabiei (acari) cdna library by immunoscreening with sera from s. scabiei-infected dogs. the antigen is encoded by a 2,157 bp mrna with a predicted open reading frame of 719 amino acids (molecular weight 79 kda). our sequence analysis identified the presence of a madf domain in the n-terminus, and downstream of this domain there was a region of low sequence complexity. this latter region contained several blocks of triplets and quad ...	2006	16393360
identification of abc transporters in sarcoptes scabiei.	we have identified and partially sequenced 8 abc transporters from an est dataset of sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis, the causative agent of scabies. analysis confirmed that most of the known abc subfamilies are represented in the est dataset including several members of the multidrug resistance protein subfamily (abc-c). although p-glycoprotein (abc-b) sequences were not found in the est dataset, a partial p-glycoprotein sequence was subsequently obtained using a degenerate pcr strategy and libr ...	2006	16454864
preparation and use of a scabies skin scraping kit.		2006	16477160
the efficacy of an imidacloprid/moxidectin combination against naturally acquired sarcoptes scabiei infestations on dogs.	the study was undertaken to evaluate and compare the efficacy of an imidacloprid (10% w/v)/moxidectin (2.5% w/v) combination (advocate bayer healthcare, animal health) with that of selamectin for the treatment of sarcoptes scabiei on dogs. thirty naturally infested dogs, of which one was later withdrawn because of distemper, were allocated to two equal groups and individually housed. the dogs in each group were treated twice, four weeks apart, with either the combination product (0.1 ml/kg body ...	2006	16498829
prevalence of pediculosis and scabies in preschool nursery children of afyon, turkey.	scabies and pediculosis are ubiquitous, contagious, and debilitating parasitic dermatoses. the tendency of high prevalence of pediculosis and scabies among school and preschool age children has prompted us to conduct a head louse and scabies prevalence survey among preschool nursery children in our district. a school-based, crosssectional study was performed, with 1,134 children chosen for evaluation. all cases were evaluated by physical examination and a detailed, structured questionnaire. the ...	2006	16514290
progress and opportunities in the development of vaccines against mites, fleas and myiasis-causing flies of veterinary importance.	despite the potential benefits offered by vaccination against ectoparasites, there have been few commercial successes with this strategy, in spite of sustained efforts using increasingly sophisticated techniques. this review outlines the progress and challenges offered by recent research into vaccination against some of the major ectoparasites of veterinary importance, and provides an insight into the opportunities arising from our increased understanding of the immunology of host-parasite relat ...	2006	16542318
pcr-based assay to survey for knockdown resistance to pyrethroid acaricides in human scabies mites (sarcoptes scabiei var hominis).	permethrin, in the form of a topical cream, is being increasingly used for community-based programs to control endemic scabies. the development of resistance has reduced the use of pyrethroids for the control of many arthropods of economic and health importance. the best recognized form of pyrethroid resistance, known as knockdown resistance or kdr, has been linked to specific mutations in the target of these agents, the para-homologous voltage-sensitive sodium channel gene (vssc). to develop to ...	2006	16607000
development and bayesian evaluation of an elisa to detect specific antibodies to sarcoptes scabiei var suis in the meat juice of pigs.	samples of ear scrapings, serum and diaphragmatic muscle were collected from 271 fattening pigs at the slaughterhouse. the scrapings were examined for the presence of mites, and tests for specific antibodies to sarcoptes scabiei var suis in the serum and meat juice were made with an experimental elisa. the cut-off value for the meat-juice elisa was estimated at an optical density of 0.5 by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, on the basis of the cut-off value for the serum elisa of ...	2006	16617041
evidence that scabies mites (acari: sarcoptidae) influence production of interleukin-10 and the function of t-regulatory cells (tr1) in humans.	we performed experiments to determine whether an extract of sarcoptes scabiei (de geer) influenced cytokine expression by human t-lymphocytes. peripheral blood mononuclear cells from five sensitized donors and four donors without sensitization to scabies mites were challenged with a t-cell mitogen alone, with scabies extract (ss) alone, or with mitogen and ss together. supernatants were analyzed for the cytokines interferon-gamma (ifngamma), interleukin (il)-2, il-4, and il-10. no il-2 or il-4 w ...	2006	16619612
clinical practices. scabies.		2006	16625010
scabies presenting with bullous pemphigoid-like lesions.	a wide range of clinical manifestations may be seen in scabies, from classic pruritic papules and burrows to secondary features such as impetigo. bullus lesions are a less frequent. twenty cases of scabies presenting with bullae have been reported so far in the medical literature. differentiating this subtype of scabies from the immunobullous disease bullus pemphigoid is a diagnostic challenge. a 42-year-old man was referred to our dermatology outpatient clinic with 3-month history of severe pru ...	2006	16638387
[a case of very serious sarcoptes mange in alpacas (lama pacos)].	after the diagnosis sarcoptic mange in four alpaca's (lama pacos) we have tried to control this infection. despite three treatments with doramectin, three with ivermectin, four with amitraz and two with diazinon we were unable to get the animals free of sarcoptes mites and their condition deteriorated. one animal died six month after the first treatment. the three remaining animals were euthanized one month thereafter.	2006	16673637
comparison of scratching behaviour of growing pigs with sarcoptic mange before and after treatment, employing two distinct approaches.	in a closed pig breeding and finishing herd suffering from sarcoptic mange, two selected groups of pigs were filmed during a period of 10 days before and after treatment. the observation always commenced each hour and lasted for 15 min. before treatment, observations was done round the clock, after treatment from 8:00 to 22:15. before treatment the pens were stocked with 11 (pen a) and 10 (pen b) growing pigs (large whitexlandrace sows; 5 months old) with an average weight of approximately 70 kg ...	2006	16713095
scabies.	scabies is a neglected parasitic disease that is a major public health problem in many resource-poor regions. it causes substantial morbidity from secondary infections and post-infective complications such as acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. disease control requires treatment of the affected individual and all people they have been in contact with, but is often hampered by inappropriate or delayed diagnosis, poor treatment compliance, and improper use of topical compounds such as per ...	2006	16731272
presence of host immunoglobulin in the gut of sarcoptes scabiei (acari: sarcoptidae).	sarcoptes scabiei (de geer) mites burrow in the nonliving stratum corneum of the epidermis of their mammalian hosts. these mites ingest extracellular fluid (serum) that seeps into the burrow from the lower vascular dermis. a strong host antibody response occurs when mites die in the skin. this suggests internal immunogenic proteins are released into the host at this time. vaccination with internal antigens may be an approach to protect against this mite if host antibody to internal antigens that ...	2006	16739413
prevalence and regional distribution of scab, lice and blowfly strike in great britain.	the prevalence of psoroptic mange (sheep scab), louse infestation and blowfly strike in sheep in great britain between march 2003 and february 2004 was investigated by means of a retrospective postal survey, stratified by region. of the 3530 questionnaires sent out, 1067 were returned completed, a response rate of 30.2 per cent. overall, 9 per cent of the farmers reported at least one outbreak of scab, 10.7 per cent reported an outbreak of lice and 75 per cent reported at least one case of blowf ...	2006	16751308
molecular characterization, expression and localization of tropomyosin and paramyosin immunodominant allergens from sheep scab mites (psoroptes ovis).	cdnas encoding the immunodominant allergens tropomyosin and paramyosin were amplified from rna extracted from the sheep scab mite psoroptes ovis. the tropomyosin cdna contained an open reading frame (orf) of 852 bp which encoded a predicted protein with 98% and 97% identity to the house dust mite allergens der f 10 and der p 10 respectively. the complete paramyosin orf generated by rt-pcr was 2625 bp in length and encoded an 875aa predicted protein of 102.6 kda with 97%, 95% and 89% identity to ...	2006	16817997
outbreak: 10 tips to make scabies scamper.	problem: most nursing homes are aware of the pandemonium an outbreak of scabies can cause-the laundry alone occupies staff for days. debilitated residents and those who have poor selfcare skills require considerable help with the activities associated with the eradication of sarcoptes scabiei. how can a consultant pharmacist help? solution: consultant pharmacists should cultivate a "high index of suspicion" for scabies. scabies mites live their entire lives on the human host as obligate parasite ...	2006	16824000
identification of auto-antigens in skin scrapings from scabies-infected pigs.	sarcoptes scabiei continues to cause major health and economic problems in a large range of animals and humans. although the inflammatory response to the mite and its antigens is known to cause the main pathology, little work has been carried out on this response at the site of infection. this report presents an initial analysis of the proteins found in skin scrapings and their antigenic responsiveness in pigs. skin scrapings and mite extracts were isolated from chronically infected sows while i ...	2006	16842794
potential pathogens carried by spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica) in southern spain.	the spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica) population of southern spain was surveyed for potential pathogens associated with the conjunctiva, external ear canal, as well as reproductive and upper respiratory tracts. we sampled 321 ibex (131 adult males, 100 adult females, and 90 yearlings); these included 271 apparently healthy animals and 50 that were naturally infected with sarcoptes scabiei. a total of 688 bacterial isolates were identified (377 gram-negatives, 225 gram-positives, and 86 my ...	2006	16870855
[parasitic acari of wild boar (sus scrofa l.) from pomerania lake district].	in years 1994-1998, 553 wild boars (sus scrofa l.) were examined in the area of north-western part of poland. four species of parasitic acarids were found: demodex phylloides, sarcoptes scabiei, dermacentor reticulatus and ixodes ricinus. the highest infestation was observed in the case of d. phylloides (30%), the next from the top was presented by ixodes ricinus (17%). s. scabiei and d. reticulatus occured seldom.	2000	16886367
the occurrence of parasitic arthropods in two groups of european bison in the białowieza primeval forest.	within 1992-2000, a total of 181 białowieza forest bison were examined from two winter herds. twelf parasitic arthropod species were observed, a high infestation being typical of demodex bisonianius, chorioptes bovis, ixodes ricinus, dermacentor reticulatus, and bisonicola sedecimdecembrii. the infestation in section 422 herd being higher for b. sedecimdecembrii, i. ricinus, d. reticulatus, ch. bovis. d. bisonianus was slightly more prevalent in the section 391 herd, the intensity being, however ...	2001	16886430
simple method of detecting sarcoptes scabiei var hominis mites among bedridden elderly patients suffering from severe scabies infestation using an adhesive-tape.	scabies infestation is very common among bedridden elderly patients. the standard method of diagnosis for scabies by scraping the skin requires some skill. therefore, dermatologists employ this method. however, dermatologists are usually not present in most long-term nursing units. thus, we tried to catch mites using a strong transparent adhesive tape commercially available for packing use as an alternative method for the diagnosis of severe scabies infestation.	2006	16908942
crusted scabies (sarcoptic mange) in four cats due to sarcoptes scabiei infestation.	four new cases of sarcoptic mange in cats are described. two cats resided in areas known to be frequented by foxes, another cohabited with a dog recently diagnosed with sarcoptic mange, while the final cat lived with a mixed breed dog that had been treated for sarcoptic mange 7 months previously. three cases were diagnosed on the basis of characteristic mite size and morphology in skin scraping from representative lesions, situated on the head (two cases) or head and distal hind limbs (one case) ...	2006	16950639
localised sarcoptic mange in dogs: a retrospective study of 10 cases.	the authors report 10 cases of localised sarcoptic mange in dogs. in each case, lesions were localised to one precise area of the skin. pruritus was present in nine cases and absent in one. affected areas were the feet (one case), the face and/or the pinnae (six cases), the abdominal skin (one case), the flank (one case) and the lumbar area (one case). the types of lesions were erythema, papules, lichenification, scales, crusts and alopecia. parasites were found in all cases except one, in which ...	2006	17004955
[sarcoptes scabiei var. suis in a closed pig breeding and fattening herd and control possibilities after treatment].	on an austrian pig breeding and finishing farm containing 13,000 pigs a mange prevalence of 38.7% according to the results of the skin scraping and 28.2% based on serology was determined. due to the insufficient treatment (single treatment of the sows using phoxim [sebacil pour on]), sustainable control was impossible. that could be confirmed by the high number of mange positive gilts and finishing pigs. before eradication started the following prevalences of mange could be found: sows 6.74% (sk ...	2006	17009721
sarcoptes scabiei (acari: sarcoptidae) mite extract modulates expression of cytokines and adhesion molecules by human dermal microvascular endothelial cells.	the inflammatory and immune responses seen with the worldwide disease scabies, caused by the mite sarcoptes scabiei (de geer) (acari: sarcoptidae), are complex. clinical symptoms are delayed for weeks in patients when they are infested with scabies for the first time. this study was undertaken to elucidate the role of the human dermal microvascular endothelial cell (hmvec-d) in modulating the inflammatory and immune responses in the skin to s. scabiei. extracts of s. scabiei were incubated with ...	2006	17017228
scabies mite inactivated serine protease paralogues are present both internally in the mite gut and externally in feces.	the scabies mite, sarcoptes scabiei, is the causative agent of scabies, a disease that is common among disadvantaged populations and facilitates streptococcal infections with serious sequelae. previously, we encountered large families of genes encoding paralogues of house dust mite protease allergens with their catalytic sites inactivated by mutation (scabies mite inactivated protease paralogues [smipps]). we postulated that smipps have evolved as an adaptation to the parasitic lifestyle of the ...	2006	17038694
elimination of sarcoptic mange due to sarcoptes scabiei var suis from a 1800-sow farrow-to-finish farm.		2006	17071672
evaluation of a serological test (indirect elisa) for the diagnosis of sarcoptic mange in red foxes (vulpes vulpes).	sarcoptic mange occurs in many parts of the world and is common in populations of domestic and wild canids, including red foxes (vulpes vulpes). in recent years, an indirect antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), with higher sensitivity and specificity than traditional diagnostic methods, has been successfully applied in the diagnosis of sarcoptic mange in dogs. the same elisa has also demonstrated specific antibodies to sarcoptes scabiei in experimentally infected red foxes. the ai ...	2006	17083572
a dilemma: bullous-pemphigoid-like eruption in scabies or scabies-induced bullous pemphigoid.	several diseases may be confused with scabies. atypical manifestations of scabies have previously been reported, including urticaria, contact dermatitis, and dermatitis herpetiformis. there are also reports of scabies mimicking bullous pemphigoid. here we report a case of scabies in a patient with manifestation similar to bullous pemphigoid. direct smear of the bullous lesions was performed and was positive for scabies mites. the skin biopsy specimens submitted for light microscopy and direct im ...	2006	17083868
erythroderma in a young healthy man.		2006	17083903
isolation of a 14 kda antigen from taenia solium cyst fluid by hplc and its evaluation in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of porcine cysticercosis.	a fraction with a major band of 14kda was obtained from crude cyst fluid of taenia solium cysticerci by 2-step chromatography. a first fraction isolated by gel filtration (sephacryl s-300 high resolution) was purified using an anion exchange column (mono q hr 5/5) on high performance liquid chromatography. evaluation of the analytic sensitivity of this fraction (f3) was carried out in an antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ab-elisa-f3) using serum samples from pigs experimentally infecte ...	2007	17101161
[approach to the patient with scabies].	scabies is an ectoparasitosis caused by sarcoptes scabiei. clinical types can be highly variable. there might be a problem in diagnosis due to difficulty in detecting the parasite and atypical clinical features. delayed diagnosis may be the cause of outbreaks for people living in overcrowded places such as poorhouses, orphanages and barracks. the different types of treatment have been discussed as well as rules for prevention.	2006	17106863
sarcoptic mange and metapodial development in growing male iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica).	the effect of mange (sarcoptes scabiei) on metapodial growth was studied in 24 uninfested and 16 infested male iberian ibex from sierra nevada national park (southern spain). our results show that infested ibex had smaller metatarsal bones, lower body weight, and a delayed rhythm of ossification, by about 1 year. we conclude that skeletal development and body weight in the iberian ibex are sensitive to sarcoptic mange.	2007	17110041
arthropod-borne diseases in homeless.	homeless people are particularly exposed to ectoparasite. the living conditions and the crowded shelters provide ideal conditions for the spread of lice, fleas, ticks, and mites. body lice have long been recognized as human parasites and although typically prevalent in rural communities in upland areas of countries close to the equator, it is now increasingly encountered in developed countries especially in homeless people or inner city economically deprived population. fleas are widespread but ...	2006	17114713
unusual manifestation of a concurrent demodectic and sarcoptic mange in a zebu-friesian cross-bred heifer.	we describe a rare case of a concurrent demodectic and sarcoptic mange in a 2-year-old heifer in khartoum, sudan. the lesions were massive lumps of granulomatous tumour-like dermatitis with thick, nodular folds mainly covering the head, neck and shoulders. histopathological examination of the lesions revealed the presence of both demodex bovis and sarcoptes scabiei. the animal died regardless of the anti-parasitic treatment it received.	2006	17120626
scabies: a ubiquitous neglected skin disease.	scabies has been a scourge among human beings for thousands of years. its worldwide occurrence with epidemics during war, famine, and overcrowding is responsible for an estimated 300 million people currently infested. scabies refers to the various skin lesions produced by female mites, and their eggs and scybala that are deposited in the epidermis, leading to delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction. recent immunological findings such as cross-reactivity with house dust mite allergens and an alter ...	2006	17123897
[advanced hiv infection and diffuse hyperkeratosic skin lesions in a male patient].		2006	17125680
immunoblot analysis of igg antibody response to sarcoptes scabiei in swine.	this study was performed to determine the frequencies and specificities of igg antibodies binding to component of sarcoptes scabiei extracts in swine with hypersensitive and chronic mange. the hypersensitive form is characterised by pruritus and the presence of small red papules over the flanks and belly. the chronic form is characterised by crusts, which contain large numbers of mites and are attached to the skin; the lesions are most commonly found on the internal pinna extending into the audi ...	2007	17126410
[mites as a cause of zoonoses in human beings].	different mite species occurring in animals may infest humans temporarily. such agents should be considered a possible cause of erythemateous and sometimes pruritic skin reactions of unclear origin. pseudoscabies is a common problem in occupationally exposed humans, e.g. farmers, veterinarians or pet owners. those selflimiting dermatoses may often be misdiagnosed. several species including sarcoptes scabiei, notoedres cati, cheyletiella spp., dermanyssus gallinae, ornithonyssus bacoti, ophionyss ...	2006	17131237
enzymatic activity in extracts of allergy-causing astigmatid mites.	many of the previously characterized allergens of house dust mites are known to be proteases, and this enzymatic activity is thought to contribute to their allergenicity. other astigmatid mites, including stored-product mites and the ectoparasitic itch mite, sarcoptes scabiei de geer, are also known to be allergenic, but little or nothing is known about their enzymatic activities. the purpose of this study was to characterize the enzymatic activities present in extracts of the parasitic itch mit ...	2006	17162954
accuracy of standard dermoscopy for diagnosing scabies.	scabies is a contagious skin infestation caused by the human mite sarcoptes scabiei. the usual reference method for definitive diagnosis is ex vivo identification of the mite with microscopic examination of skin scrapings. we compared diagnostic accuracy of in vivo dermoscopic (ds) mite identification using a pocket handheld low-magnification ds with the reference method.	2007	17190621
[norwegian scabies, a rare diagnosis in tunisia].	norwegian scabies is a particular form of scabies, rarely reported in tunisia. it habitually occurs in immunocompromised hosts, with prolonged immunosuppressive therapy, congenital immune disease, hiv-1 infection or neoplasm. we report an observation of norwegian scabies, occuring in a woman with prolounged systemic corticosteroid therapy. observation: a 65-year-old woman, with a long history of obstructive bronchoneumopathy and bronchiectasis, treated with systemic corticosteroids for 5 years, ...	2006	17193861
[crusted scabies (norwegian scabies) a case report].	different types of scabies have been described based on their clinical outcome, one of which is the crusted (norwegian) type. this is an extreme manifestation of scabies that can be observed mainly among immunosupressed patients. a case ofa 42 year-old homosexual man is described. the patient was diagnosed with hiv, presenting pruritic lesions with a 4 month evolution in trunk and extremities. lesions included xerosis, decapitated papules, badges with erythema, residual hyperchromic stains, mult ...	2006	17201114
use of selamectin for the treatment of psoroptic and sarcoptic mite infestation in rabbits.	selamectin, a novel avermectin compound, was evaluated for its efficacy against naturally occurring infestations of psoroptes cuniculi and sarcoptes scabiei. a total of 42 new zealand rabbits with psoroptic mange and 37 angora rabbits with sarcoptic mange were used in the present study. on day 0, infested rabbits were treated topically with either selamectin at minimum dose of 6 mg kg(-1) (6-18 mg kg(-1) for new zealand rabbits, n = 31 and 10-12 mg kg(-1) for angora rabbits, n = 23) or vehicle o ...	2007	17222235
the truth about scabies.		2007	17273064
comparison of ivermectin and benzyl benzoate lotion for scabies in nigerian patients.	few studies have compared ivermectin directly with topical agents in developing countries. we compared the effectiveness of oral ivermectin (200 microg/kg) with topical 25% benzyl benzoate and monosulfiram soap in 210 subjects of age 5 to 65 years with scabies. subjects with persistent lesions after 2 weeks received a second course of treatment. all lesions had resolved after 2 weeks in 77 of 98 (79%) subjects treated with ivermectin and in 60 of 102 (59%) subjects treated topically (p = 0.003). ...	2007	17297053
norwegian scabies in a healthy woman during oral cyclosporine therapy.		2007	17337413
[scabies and the significance of "suriones" in the handwritten manuscripts of hildegard von bingen].	in her studies on nature and medicine, the "liber simplicis medicinae" (lsm or "physica") and the "liber compositae medicinae" (lcm or "causae et curae"), hildegard von bingen mentions scabies (mange) in several passages. she characterizes "suren aut (= or) sneuelzen" as the cause of the disease, which she calls also "gracillimi vermiculi", that is, tiny worms that burrow into the human skin ("ubi suren aut sneuelzen hominem comedendo ledunt"). in this context the meanings of the german-ancestor ...	2006	17338404
scabies and pediculosis pubis: an update of treatment regimens and general review.	ectoparasites continue to be a common cause of skin disease throughout the world. the present article dissects the epidemiological profile and treatment of both sarcoptes scabiei variant hominis and pediculosis pubis.	2007	17342668
controlling sheep scab by eradication.		2007	17416728
treatment of sarcoptic mange in canadian cattle with ivermectin.	in 1982, approximately 13,000 canadian cattle were treated once for sarcoptic mange with ivermectin at a dose of 10 mg per 45.4 kg of body weight. the results showed 100% efficacy against sarcoptes scabiei and other ectoparasites present. all cattle showed marked improvement in general condition with new hair growth and apparent weight gains by 31 days posttreatment. surveillance of treated herds for a year following treatment showed that one parenteral treatment with ivermectin eradicated the d ...	1983	17422342
control of sarcoptes scabiei infestation with ivermectin in a large intensive breeding piggery.	ivermectin given in a single subcutaneous dose of 300 mug/kg was tested for safety and efficacy against swine hyperkeratotic scabies in a large breeding piggery. approximately 15% of the adult population was showing severe clinical mange. skin scrapings were taken from 40 affected animals to provide parasite counts. eight of 40 animals were used as untreated controls; all test animals were injected subcutaneously on day 0 with ivermectin. general improvement was noted as early as eight days afte ...	1984	17422412
transmission of sarcoptes scabiei in swine by fomites.	transmission of sarcoptic mange by fomites was investigated by placing mange-free piglets in pens for either fixed or variable periods of time during the first six days following removal of mange infected swine. transmission occurred in pigs with as little as 24 hours exposure to fomites. clinical signs of pruritis and focal erythematous skin lesions developed in various pigs from four and a half to 13 weeks after exposure. pigs with the longer exposure developed clinical signs more rapidly than ...	1986	17422671
problems in diagnosing scabies, a global disease in human and animal populations.	scabies is a worldwide disease and a major public health problem in many developing countries, related primarily to poverty and overcrowding. in remote aboriginal communities in northern australia, prevalences of up to 50% among children have been described, despite the availability of effective chemotherapy. sarcoptic mange is also an important veterinary disease engendering significant morbidity and mortality in wild, domestic, and farmed animals. scabies is caused by the ectoparasitic mite sa ...	2007	17428886
scabies--a hypersensitive subject.		2007	17456830
recent immunologic considerations regarding the itch and treatment of scabies.	scabies continues to be a major public health problem. recent findings reveal that these mites produce substances that modulate the host's immune response resulting in the latency period prior to symptoms. in terms of treatment, two cases of ivermectin resistance have come to fore in australia in patients treated over fifty times with the agent. additionally, work in the development of vaccination of hosts with antigenic midgut proteins of mites to control ectoparasitic infestations continues.	2006	17459293
diagnostic dilemma: crusted scabies superimposed on psoriatic erythroderma in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	a 45-year-old man with aids presented with extensive erythema and scaling involving the face, trunk, and upper and lower extremities, and mild nail dystrophy. the patient had been diagnosed with psoriasis 2 years previously, and at the time of presentation was using emollients and topical corticosteroid creams with little improvement. he was receiving zidovudine, lamivudine, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, acyclovir, rifabutin, and hydroxyzine. pertinent laboratory data included cd4 lymphocytes ( ...	2007	17483659
identification and heterologous expression of a sarcoptes scabiei cdna encoding a structural antigen with immunodiagnostic potential.	the mite sarcoptes scabiei causes sarcoptic mange (or scabies), a disease of considerable human and veterinary significance. an s. scabiei cdna clone of about 2 kb was isolated from a s. scabiei var. hominis expression library by immunological screening using blood serum from a naturally infected chamois (rupicapra rupicapra). the nucleotide sequence of the identified cdna contains an open reading frame of 1930 bp that encodes a 642 amino acid polypeptide. this polypeptide shows tandem repeats o ...	2007	17506973
scabies in children.	scabies is a common dermatological problem managed by both paediatricians and dermatologists. it manifests itself in various forms in children and differs from that in adults in many ways. the treatment of scabies has developed with the evolution of new strategies and anti-ectoparasitic drugs. drugs such as permethrin and ivermectin have revolutionised its treatment. the management of scabies not only includes prescribing the correct drugs but also educating patients about their application. tre ...	2007	17517973
cercarial dermatitis in central india: an emerging health problem among tribal communities.	although cercarial dermatitis is an emerging disease world-wide, cases of such dermatitis may often go undiagnosed, especially in communities that are affected by various skin infections. between august 2001 and july 2002, 1336 individuals from tribal villages in central india were examined for dermatitis. skin scrapings were collected and examined for sarcoptes scabiei and each subject's response to antiscabies treatment was recorded. freshwater snails were collected from the local ponds used f ...	2007	17550646
pink pigtails are a clue for the diagnosis of scabies.		2007	17572282
a papulovesicular rash in a farmer and his wife.		2007	17599314
molecular characterisation of a ph-gated chloride channel from sarcoptes scabiei.	reports of ivermectin resistance in scabies mites raise concerns regarding the sustainability of mass intervention programs for scabies worldwide and for the treatment of crusted scabies. ligand gated ion channels (lgics) are the primary targets of ivermectin in invertebrates. we report the molecular characterisation of sscl--a novel lgic from sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. while sscl shows sequence similarity to other lgics, phylogenetic analysis does not suggest strong homology to conventiona ...	2007	17602250
clinical inquiries. when should you treat scabies empirically?		2007	17605950
interventions for treating scabies.	scabies is an intensely itchy parasitic infection of the skin caused by the sarcoptes scabiei mite. it is a common public health problem with an estimated global prevalence of 300 million cases. serious adverse effects have been reported for some drugs used to treat scabies.	2007	17636630
sarcoptic mange of gazelle (gazella subguttarosa) and its medical importance in iran.	sarcoptes scabiei infestation was diagnosed in four freshly dead and three net-captured gazelle while ranging freely. the captured animals presented with an alopecic pruritic skin disease with signs of crusted skin lesions, numerous small nodules which first appeared on the lips or nostrils and then it also extended towards the eyelids, around the ears, and, in some cases, over entire face, neck, trunk, and legs. skin over the affected area gradually became bald, thick and hard, being dry and do ...	2007	17676403
fatal sarcoptes scabiei infection of blue sheep (pseudois nayaur) in pakistan.	sarcoptes scabiei was detected for the first time in skin scrapings, hair pluckings, and histologic sections from a blue sheep (pseudois nayaur) from the shimshali pamir in the karakorum range of the western himalaya in pakistan (36 degrees 28'n, 75 degrees 36'e). local reports suggest many hundred animals have been affected by a severe skin disease over a 10-yr period, but the shy nature of this species and the extreme climate that they inhabit meant only a single affected animal was available ...	2007	17699091
skin nodules on multimammate mice (mastomys coucha).		2007	17721527
effect of acaricides on the activity of glutathione transferases from the parasitic mite sarcoptes scabiei.	glutathione transferases (gsts) are a family of multifunctional enzymes with fundamental roles in cellular detoxication. here we report the molecular characterization of 3 recombinant gsts belonging to the mu- and delta-class from the parasitic mite sarcoptes scabiei. kinetic constants were determined, and the effect of acaricides, including organothiophosphates, pyrethroid esters, a formamidine, a macrocyclic lactone, an organochlorine as well as a bridged diphenyl acaricide, on the activity of ...	2008	17825117
efficacy of a novel formulation of metaflumizone plus amitraz for the treatment of sarcoptic mange in dogs.	a novel spot-on formulation containing metaflumizone plus amitraz (promeris/promeris duo for dogs, fort dodge animal health, overland park, ks) was evaluated for efficacy against sarcoptic mange mites in naturally infested dogs. sixteen dogs were allocated to two equal groups and were housed individually. eight of the dogs were treated topically with metaflumizone plus amitraz at the proposed minimum dose rate (20mg/kg of each of metaflumizone and amitraz, at a dose volume of 0.133ml/kg) on days ...	2007	17931787
what is your diagnosis? mange due to trixacarus caviae infestation.		2007	17957174
efficacy of crude neem seed kernel extracts against natural infestation of sarcoptes scabiei var. ovis.	this study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of crude aqueous-methanol and aqueous extracts of neem (azadirachta indica) seed kernel against sarcoptic mange of sheep. crude aqueous-methanol (ame) and aqueous extracts (ae) of neem seed kernel (nsk) were prepared and formulated as 10% and 20% ointments (w/w), using vaseline as vehicle. forty-two lambs of pak karakul breed, having natural infection of sarcoptic mange were divided into seven experimental groups. skin scrapings and clinical examinat ...	2008	18023309
in vivo evidence that sarcoptes scabiei (acari: sarcoptidae) is the source of molecules that modulate splenic gene expression.	the clinical signs of a sarcoptes scabiei (de geer) (acari: sarcoptidae) infestation are initially delayed, which suggests that the mites can depress the immune/inflammatory response. the purpose of this study was to investigate the modulatory properties of scabies mites in vivo at the gene expression level in a secondary lymphoid organ that is involved in initiating an immune response to the parasite. we found that substances from scabies mites influenced the expression of mrna for molecules th ...	2007	18047206
epidemiology of fasciolosis affecting iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica) in southern spain.	between 1995 and 2006, we surveyed the presence of fasciola hepatica in iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica) from andalucía (southern spain) by both necropsy (n = 2,096) and coprological approaches (n = 380). most of the samples came from the sierra nevada mountain range (n = 1,884 and 267, respectively), and all positive cases involved animals from this location. the prevalence reached 0.53% by necropsy and 1.87% by faecal examination. taking into account both diagnostic methodologies and the total n ...	2008	18092179
diagnosis and treatment of sarcoptes scabiei infestations.		1949	18108146
molecular and biochemical properties of storage mites (except blomia species).	in recent years, the allergological importance of different mite species not belonging to the family pyroglyphidae has been demonstrated. these mites, commonly named storage mites, include lepidoglyphus destructor, glycyphagus domesticus, tyrophagus putrescentiae, acarus siro, aleuroglyphus ovatus, suidasia medanensis and thyreophagus entomophagus. several allergens from these species have been purified, sequenced and cloned. many of these allergens have shown sequence homology and a biological ...	2007	18220992