| bifidobacterium and lactobacillus dna in the human placenta. | aims: bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are part of the human normal intestinal microbiota and may possibly be transferred to the placenta. it was hypothesized that intestinal bacteria or their components are present in the placenta and that the foetus may be exposed to them. we investigated the presence of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli and their dna in the human placenta. methods and results: we studied 34 human placentae (25 vaginal and nine caesarean deliveries) for the presence bifidobacteri ... | 2009 | 19018955 |
| lactobacilli facilitate maintenance of intestinal membrane integrity during shigella dysenteriae 1 infection in rats. | lactobacilli are used in various dairy products and fermented foods for their potential health beneficial effects. recently we reported the protective role of lactobacillus rhamnosus and lactobacillus acidophilus during shigella dysenteriae 1 infection. nevertheless, investigations on the membrane-stabilizing effect of l. rhamnosus and l. acidophilus have not been done. hence, the present study evaluated the effect of l. rhamnosus and l. acidophilus on the maintenance of intestinal membrane inte ... | 2009 | 19036564 |
| reduced expression of basal and probiotic-inducible g-csf in intestinal mononuclear cells is associated with inflammatory bowel disease. | granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (g-csf) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in the hematopoiesis of granulocytes, neuroprotection, and immunomodulation. previously, we have shown that probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 induces g-csf production from bone marrow-derived macrophages. whether this probiotic also induces g-csf in intestinal mononuclear cells is unknown. | 2009 | 19058228 |
| effect of lactobacillus gg and conditioned media on il-1beta-induced il-8 production in caco-2 cells. | to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of lactobacillus casei rhamnosus gg (lgg) and its conditioned media (cm) in stimulated caco-2 cells and to characterize the components of lgg that have the anti-inflammatory effect. | 2008 | 19086277 |
| effects of gram-positive microorganisms and their products on in vivo survival of hemopoietic clonogenic cells. | the effects of gram-positive bacterial strains (lactobacillus acidophilus and lactobacillus rhamnosus) and their subcellular components on the survival of hemopoietic clonogenic cells were evaluated by the formation of endogenous splenic colonies. the effects of these preparations on no production were studied by the spin-trap paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. bacterial preparations from gram-positive bacteria stimulated survival of hemopoietic clonogenic cells, but did not induce no producti ... | 2008 | 19110594 |
| different effects of probiotic species/strains on infections in preschool children: a double-blind, randomized, controlled study. | treatment and prevention of pediatric infectious diseases of three commercial probiotic products were evaluated by a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. test subjects under age 5, 1062 in total, were distributed randomly into four groups. this investigation showed that l. casei rhamnosus can control bacterial, viral and respiratory infections; a multi-species probiotic reduced gastrointestinal disease significantly. long-term consumption of l. rhamnosus t cell-1 decreased the incidence o ... | 2009 | 19114073 |
| probiotics as prevention and treatment for diarrhea. | to critically appraise evidence on probiotic use for prevention and treatment of diarrhea in children and adults. | 2009 | 19114770 |
| crude goat whey fermentation by kluyveromyces marxianus and lactobacillus rhamnosus: contribution to proteolysis and ace inhibitory activity. | unsupplemented acid goat whey containing 0.96% protein and 2.76% lactose was fermented aerobically with 32 microflora extracted from various raw milk cheeses and dairy products. these microflora were screened for their ability to hydrolyse whey proteins (alpha-lactalbumin and/or beta-lactoglobulin) and to generate peptides inhibitors of angiotensin i converting enzyme. five microflora were able to degrade whey protein. the most efficient microflora was able to fully hydrolyse alpha-lactalbumin a ... | 2009 | 19121243 |
| [improvement of intestinal function in cystic fibrosis patients using probiotics]. | in some cases, cystic fibrosis may include intestinal inflammation and bacterial overgrowth. probiotics are considered as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and microbiotic regulator substances. the aim of our study is to determine the prevalence of bacterial overgrowth in cystic fibrosis patients and try to improve the intestinal function with the administration of probiotics. | 2008 | 19128761 |
| probiotic supplementation in the first 6 months of life in at risk asian infants--effects on eczema and atopic sensitization at the age of 1 year. | the role of probiotics in allergy prevention remains uncertain but has been shown in some studies to have a possible protective effect on eczema. | 2009 | 19134020 |
| prenatal probiotic administration can influence bifidobacterium microbiota development in infants at high risk of allergy. | | 2009 | 19135234 |
| modeling and experimental studies on intermittent starch feeding and citrate addition in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of starch to flavor compounds. | simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) is a combined process of saccharification of a renewable bioresource and fermentation process to produce products, such as lactic acid and ethanol. recently, ssf has been extensively used to convert various sources of cellulose and starch into fermentative products. here, we present a study on production of buttery flavors, namely diacetyl and acetoin, by growing lactobacillus rhamnosus on a starch medium containing the enzyme glucoamylase. we ... | 2009 | 19137337 |
| campylobacter jejuni drives myd88-independent interleukin-6 secretion via toll-like receptor 2. | gastrointestinal disease caused by campylobacter jejuni is characterized by localized inflammation and the destruction of the epithelial cell barrier that forms host innate protection against pathogens. this can lead to an imbalance in fluid transport across the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in severe diarrhea. the mechanisms of host cell receptor recognition of c. jejuni and downstream immune signaling pathways leading to this inflammatory disease, however, remain unclear. the aim of this s ... | 2009 | 19139198 |
| [effect of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg on immune response: experiment with autoimmune mice induced by campylobacter jejuni]. | to investigate the immune effects of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) on immune response. | 2008 | 19159578 |
| effect of xylitol on an in vitro model of oral biofilm. | the aim of the present study was to examine whether xylitol, at different concentrations, inhibits the formation of an experimental model of oral biofilm. | 2008 | 19178100 |
| improved treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis with fluconazole plus probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 and lactobacillus reuteri rc-14. | to determine the ability of probiotic lactobacilli to improve the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (vvc) using a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. | 2009 | 19187507 |
| lactobacillus rhamnosus gg inhibits invasion of cultured human respiratory cells by prtf1-positive macrolide-resistant group a streptococci. | this study was designed to determine whether the probiotic strain lactobacillus gg, which is extensively used in the treatment and prevention of intestinal disorders, is able to inhibit invasion of cultured human respiratory cells by macrolide-resistant group a streptococci (gas) carrying the prtf1 gene, which encodes the fibronectin (fn)-binding invasin f1. | 2009 | 19187508 |
| adhesion of human probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus to cervical and vaginal cells and interaction with vaginosis-associated pathogens. | the ability of a probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus strain (lcr35) to adhere to cervical and vaginal cells and to affect the viability of two main vaginosis-associated pathogens, prevotella bivia, gardnerella vaginalis, as well as candida albicans was investigated. | 2009 | 19190778 |
| effect of the fermentation ph on the storage stability of lactobacillus rhamnosus preparations and suitability of in vitro analyses of cell physiological functions to predict it. | to investigate how cell physiological functions can predict the stability of freeze-dried probiotics. in addition, the effect of the fermentation ph on the stability of probiotics was investigated. | 2009 | 19191949 |
| quantitative strain-specific detection of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg in human faecal samples by real-time pcr. | to develop a strain-specific rapid assay for identification and quantification of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg in human faecal samples. | 2009 | 19200317 |
| probiotics as adjunctive treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis: a randomized controlled trial. | to determine if oral probiotics as adjunctive treatment are more effective than placebo in improving quality of life in patients with chronic inflammatory rhinosinusitis. | 2009 | 19201289 |
| probiotics prevent enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7-mediated inhibition of interferon-gamma-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of stat-1. | enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) o157:h7 inhibits interferon (ifn)-gamma-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (stat)-1 in epithelial cells. we determined the effects of probiotics on ehec-mediated disruption of ifn-gamma-stimulated stat-1 activation in epithelial cell lines. confluent intestine 407, hep-2 and caco-2 epithelial cells were pre-treated (3 h) with either probiotics or surface-layer proteins derived from lactobacillus helve ... | 2009 | 19202101 |
| dose-dependent effect of lactobacillus rhamnosus on quantitative reduction of faecal rotavirus shedding in children. | beneficial effects of probiotics in acute infectious diarrhoea in children are mainly seen in watery diarrhoea and viral gastroenteritis. lactobacillus rhamnosus, one the most extensively studied probiotic strains, is effective in shortening courses of acute diarrhoea in children. however, the dose-dependent effect of lactobacillus upon quantification of faecal rotavirus shedding in humans remains little known. thus, an open-label randomized trial in 23 children with acute rotaviral gastroenteri ... | 2009 | 19203988 |
| detection, localization, and conformational analysis of single polysaccharide molecules on live bacteria. | the nanoscale exploration of microbes using atomic force microscopy (afm) is an exciting, rapidly evolving research field. here, we show that single-molecule force spectroscopy is a valuable tool for the localization and conformational analysis of individual polysaccharides on live bacteria. we focus on the clinically important probiotic bacterium lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, demonstrating the power of afm to reveal the coexistence of polysaccharide chains of different nature on the cell surface. ... | 2008 | 19206433 |
| effect of culture medium and cryoprotectants on the growth and survival of probiotic lactobacilli during freeze drying. | to investigate the effects of the medium and cryoprotective agents used on the growth and survival of lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus rhamnosus gg during freeze drying. | 2009 | 19207856 |
| meta-analysis: the effect and adverse events of lactobacilli versus placebo in maintenance therapy for crohn disease. | lactobacilli are used in an attempt to maintain remission for crohn disease. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and adverse events of lactobacilli compared with placebo in maintenance therapy for crohn disease. | 2009 | 19220543 |
| effects of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg on proliferation and polyamine metabolism in hgc-27 human gastric and dld-1 colonic cancer cell lines. | previous in vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that lactobacilli can exert antiproliferative effects on the gastrointestinal epithelium. however, their role in affecting the cellular proliferative mechanisms is not completely clear. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of increasing concentrations of lactobacillus rhamnosus strain gg (l. gg) homogenate on cell growth and proliferation (by mtt, [3h]-thymidine incorporation and polyamine biosynthesis) in neoplasms originating ... | 2009 | 19234959 |
| comparative in vitro activity of rep3123 against clostridium difficile and other anaerobic intestinal bacteria. | the aim of this study was to determine the anaerobic spectrum of activity of rep3123, a novel diaryldiamine that inhibits bacterial methionyl-trna synthetases in gram-positive bacteria. | 2009 | 19240076 |
| acid production by oral strains of candida albicans and lactobacilli. | both candida albicans and lactobacilli are common colonizers of carious lesions in children and adolescents. the purpose of this study is to compare the velocity of acid production between c. albicans and several lactobacillus species at different ph levels and concentrations of glucose. washed, pure resting-cell suspensions were obtained by culturing a total of 28 oral isolates comprising the species c. albicans, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus paracasei paracasei, lactobacillus paracase ... | 2009 | 19246906 |
| lactobacillus gg treatment ameliorates alcohol-induced intestinal oxidative stress, gut leakiness, and liver injury in a rat model of alcoholic steatohepatitis. | because only 30% of alcoholics develop alcoholic liver disease (ald), a factor other than heavy alcohol consumption must be involved in the development of alcohol-induced liver injury. animal and human studies suggest that bacterial products, such as endotoxins, are the second key co-factors, and oxidant-mediated gut leakiness is one of the sources of endotoxemia. probiotics have been used to prevent and treat diseases associated with gut-derived bacterial products and disorders associated with ... | 2009 | 19251117 |
| growth and tolerance of healthy term infants receiving hydrolyzed infant formulas supplemented with lactobacillus rhamnosus gg: randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. | healthy, term infants received extensively hydrolyzed casein formula (ehf; control), the same formula supplemented with lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (ehf-lgg), or partially hydrolyzed whey:casein (60:40) formula supplemented with lgg (phf-lgg), in this double-blind, randomized, controlled, parallel, prospective study. anthropometric measures and 24-hour dietary and tolerance recalls were obtained at 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 days of age. blood collected in a subset of infants was analyzed for fatty ... | 2009 | 19264721 |
| aglycone production by lactobacillus rhamnosus crl981 during soymilk fermentation. | lactobacillus rhamnosus crl981 showed the highest levels of beta-glucosidase and was selected to characterize this enzyme system, among 63 strains of different lactobacillus species. the maximum activity was obtained at ph 6.4 and 42 degrees c. the enzyme showed weak resistance to thermal inactivation maintaining only 20% of the initial activity when it was exposed at 50 degrees c for 5 min. it also, showed stability when stored at 4 degrees c for 60 days. afterwards, l. rhamnosus was evaluated ... | 2009 | 19269578 |
| effect of vibrio cholerae on chemokine gene expression in ht29 cells and its modulation by lactobacillus gg. | epithelial cells participate in the innate immune response to pathogenic bacteria by elaborating chemokines. this study examined the effect of vibrio cholerae and lactobacillus rhamnosus gg on inflammatory chemokine gene expression in the ht29 human intestinal epithelial cell line. ht29 cells were exposed to v. cholerae 0139, lactobacillus or both for 2 h and cultured further thereafter for 4 h. rna was extracted from the cells and expression of genes for chemokines and related molecules was qua ... | 2009 | 19281529 |
| effect of lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 supernatant and fetal sex on lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine and prostaglandin-regulating enzymes in human placental trophoblast cells: implications for treatment of bacterial vaginosis and prevention of preterm labor. | the objective of the study was to determine the effect of fetal sex on the output of cytokines and prostaglandin-regulating enzymes in lipopolysaccharide (lps) and probiotic lactobacilli-treated placental trophoblast cells. | 2009 | 19285652 |
| improved cure of bacterial vaginosis with single dose of tinidazole (2 g), lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1, and lactobacillus reuteri rc-14: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is the most prevalent vaginal infection worldwide and is characterized by depletion of the indigenous lactobacilli. antimicrobial therapy is often ineffective. we hypothesized that probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 and lactobacillus reuteri rc-14 might provide an adjunct to antimicrobial treatment and improve cure rates. sixty-four brazilian women diagnosed with bv were randomly assigned to receive a single dose of tinidazole (2 g) supplemented with either 2 placebo ... | 2009 | 19295645 |
| in vitro model to study the modulation of the mucin-adhered bacterial community. | there is an upsurge of interest in gastro-intestinal microbiology to improve the balance between positive and negative commensals. mucosal bacteria make closer contact with the host than luminal ones and can therefore have a stronger health impact. an in vitro adhesion assay was developed to study the mucin colonization of bacteria from the mixed microbial communities of the simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem. adhesion capacity differed substantially between bacteria and decre ... | 2009 | 19308405 |
| probiotics and prevention of allergic disease. | over the past few decades, public reports have shown increasing enthusiasm for the potential health effects of probiotics. therefore, the purpose of this review is to focus on studies, which have addressed the use of probiotics for primary prevention of atopic diseases. | 2009 | 19318939 |
| effect of various encapsulating materials on the stability of probiotic bacteria. | ten probiotic bacteria, including lactobacillus rhamnosus, bifidobacterium longum, l. salivarius, l. plantarum, l. acidophilus, l. paracasei, b. lactis type bl-04, b. lactis type bi-07, howaru l. rhamnosus, and howaru b. bifidum, were encapsulated in various coating materials, namely alginate, guar gum, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, and carrageenan gum. the various encapsulated probiotic bacteria were studied for their acid and bile tolerance. free probiotic organisms were used as a control. the ... | 2009 | 19323757 |
| an improved method of microencapsulation of probiotic bacteria for their stability in acidic and bile conditions during storage. | the purpose of this study was to develop a method for applying an extra coating of palm oil and poly-l-lysine (popl) to alginate (alg) microcapsules to enhance the survival of probiotic bacteria. eight strains of probiotic bacteria including lactobacillus rhamnosus, bifidobacterium longum, l. salivarius, l. plantarum, l. acidophilus, l. paracasei, b. lactis type bl-o4, and b. lactis type bi-07 were encapsulated using alginate alone or alginate with popl. electron microscopy was used to measure t ... | 2009 | 19323758 |
| volatile sulfur compounds produced by probiotic bacteria in the presence of cysteine or methionine. | to investigate the abilities of various probiotic bacteria to produce volatile sulfur compounds (vscs) relevant to food flavour and aroma. | 2009 | 19344359 |
| identification of a gene cluster for the biosynthesis of a long, galactose-rich exopolysaccharide in lactobacillus rhamnosus gg and functional analysis of the priming glycosyltransferase. | cell surface polysaccharides have an established role as virulence factors in human bacterial pathogens. less documented are the biosynthesis and biological functions of surface polysaccharides in beneficial bacteria. we identified a gene cluster that encodes the enzymes and regulatory and transporter proteins for the different steps in the biosynthesis of extracellular polysaccharides (eps) of the well-documented probiotic strain lactobacillus rhamnosus gg. subsequent mutation of the wele gene, ... | 2009 | 19346339 |
| probiotic properties of lactobacillus rhamnosus and lactobacillus paracasei isolated from human faeces. | the possibility of using microbes to maintain health, and to prevent or treat disease is a topic as old as microbiology. the research of novel probiotic strains is important in order to satisfy the increasing request of the market and to obtain functional products in which the probiotic cultures are more active and with better probiotic characteristics than those already present on the market. | 2009 | 19365593 |
| oral supplementation with probiotics in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | although recent reports suggest that supplementation with probiotics may enhance intestinal function in premature infants, the mechanisms are unclear, and questions remain regarding the safety and efficacy of probiotics in extremely low-birth-weight infants. | 2009 | 19369375 |
| live and heat-killed lactobacillus rhamnosus gg: effects on proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in gastrostomy-fed infant rats. | lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg), a probiotics, ameliorates intestinal and other organ inflammation in infant rats. the hypothesis is that live and heat-killed lgg have similar effects on decreasing the inflammatory response induced by e. coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) in the infant rat. using a gastrostomy-fed rat model, 7-d-old rat pups were gastrostomy fed with or without live lgg (10(8) or 10(12) cfu x l(-1) x kg(-1) x d(-1)) for 6 d. in a separate experiment, lps was administered to rat pups ... | 2009 | 19390478 |
| final ph affects the interference capacity of naturally occurring oral lactobacillus strains against mutans streptococci. | to establish the effects of three factors: previous caries experience; colonization of streptococcus mutans; and final ph on autologous lactobacilli-mediated inhibition against a panel of mutans streptococci in young subjects with different caries experiences. | 2009 | 19394588 |
| enumeration of the contaminating bacterial microbiota in unfermented pasteurized milks enriched with probiotic bacteria. | pasteurized and unfermented milks supplemented with probiotic bacteria are appearing on the market. it then becomes a challenge to ascertain the undesirable contamination microbiota in the presence of a largely superior population of probiotic bacteria. a method to enumerate the contaminating microbial microbiota in such probiotic-enriched milks was developed. the probiotic cultures, lactobacillus rhamnosus lb-immuni-t and bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis bb-12(r), were added to a pasteuri ... | 2009 | 19396241 |
| cow's milk allergy is associated with changes in urinary organic acid concentrations. | cow's milk allergy (cma) is the most common form of food allergy affecting 2.5% of children, but the diagnosis is often difficult. both intestinal microbiota and barrier function seem to be disturbed in patients with food allergies, and administration of probiotics has been shown to normalize intestinal microbiota and alleviate symptoms. we hypothesized that the differences in intestinal metabolic activity and permeability could lead to detectable changes in the end-products of metabolism in pat ... | 2010 | 19397753 |
| characterization of a small erythromycin resistance plasmid plfe1 from the food-isolate lactobacillus plantarum m345. | this paper reports the complete 4031 bp nucleotide sequence of the small erythromycin resistance plasmid plfe1 isolated from the raw-milk cheese isolate lactobacillus plantarum m345. analysis of the sequence revealed the coding regions for the erythromycin resistance determinant erm(b). a replication initiation protein repb was identified belonging to the repb proteins of the pmv158 family of rolling-circle replicating plasmids. the transcriptional repressor protein copg and a small counter tran ... | 2009 | 19399991 |
| [use of a probiotic in nosocomial infection: no effect in pediatric intensive care patients]. | | 2009 | 19405345 |
| a method for the identification of proteins secreted by lactic acid bacteria grown in complex media. | lactic acid bacteria (lab) are known for their special nutritional requirements, being usually cultured in complex media to achieve optimal growth. in this paper, a protocol based on trichloroacetic acid precipitation of peptides and proteins is presented. the method has been tested on four probiotic lab strains grown in de man rogosa sharpe (mrs) broth, a complex medium that is often used for the culture of such bacteria. this protocol allowed the detection of 19 proteins after sodium dodecyl s ... | 2009 | 19416357 |
| in vitro evaluation of yoghurt starter lactobacilli and lactobacillus rhamnosus gg adhesion to saliva-coated surfaces. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the adhesion of lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and lactobacillus rhamnosus strain gg to saliva-coated surfaces in vitro. | 2009 | 19416451 |
| identification of novel proteins secreted by lactobacillus rhamnosus gg grown in de mann-rogosa-sharpe broth. | to identify novel proteins secreted by the probiotic bacterium lactobacillus rhamnosus gg after growth in de mann-rogosa-sharpe broth (mrs), a complex medium often used for the culture of lactobacillus. | 2009 | 19416463 |
| lactobacillus rhamnosus alleviates intestinal barrier dysfunction in part by increasing expression of zonula occludens-1 and myosin light-chain kinase in vivo. | the effects of lactobacilli on impaired intestinal barrier function and paracellular permeability were evaluated in human epithelial caco-2 cells treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and in mice with colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (dss). filter-grown caco-2 monolayers were used as the intestinal epithelial model. among the 4 lactobacilli studied, lactobacillus rhamnosus oll2838 most effectively suppressed barrier impairment and increased il-8 secretion induced by tumor necrosis fa ... | 2009 | 19447972 |
| analytical recovery of folate degradation products formed in human serum and plasma at room temperature. | folate is not stable in serum and plasma. this may impair laboratory diagnostics and distort the outcome of epidemiological studies on folate and chronic diseases. the present study was designed to determine the kinetics of folate loss in human serum and plasma (collected into tubes containing edta, heparin, or citrate) at room temperature and the recovery of folate as 4-alpha-hydroxy-5-methyltetrahydrofolate (hmthf) or p-aminobenzoylglutamate (pabg) equivalents. different folate species and pab ... | 2009 | 19458027 |
| comparison of inactivation pathways of thermal or high pressure inactivated lactobacillus rhamnosus atcc 53103 by flow cytometry analysis. | the effect of thermal and pressure treatments on lactobacillus rhamnosus atcc 53103 was evaluated by flow cytometric analysis in conjunction to standard cultivation techniques. a double staining technique with fluorochromes carboxyfluorescein diacetate (cfda) and propidium iodide (pi) revealed that depending on temperature regime used heat-killed cells had different fluorescence behaviors. cells killed at 60 degrees c were not stained at all whereas heat treatment at 75 degrees c resulted in a s ... | 2009 | 19465252 |
| spr1630 is responsible for the lethality of clpx mutations in streptococcus pneumoniae. | the clp protease atpase subunit and chaperone clpx is dispensable in some bacteria, but it is thought to be essential in others, including streptococci and lactococci. we confirm that clpx is essential in the rx strain of streptococcus pneumoniae but show that the requirement for clpx can be relieved by point mutations, frame shifts, or deletion of the gene spr1630, which is found in many isolates of s. pneumoniae. homologs occur frequently in staphylococcus aureus as well as in a few strains of ... | 2009 | 19465654 |
| stretching polysaccharides on live cells using single molecule force spectroscopy. | the knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying the adhesive and mechanical properties of cell surface-associated molecules is a key to understanding their functions. in this context, single-molecule force spectroscopy (smfs) has recently offered new opportunities for probing the adhesion and mechanics of polysaccharides and proteins on live cells. here we present a protocol that we have used to analyze polysaccharide chains of different nature on the bacterium lactobacillus rhamnosus gg. we de ... | 2009 | 19478809 |
| heme and menaquinone induced electron transport in lactic acid bacteria. | abstract: | 2009 | 19480672 |
| effect of growth time on the surface and adhesion properties of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg. | to investigate the changes in the surface properties of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg during growth, and relate them with the ability of the lactobacillus cells to adhere to caco-2 cells. | 2009 | 19486400 |
| evaluation of lactobacillus rhamnosus strain gg for the prevention of atopic dermatitis in dogs. | to evaluate the efficacy of the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus strain gg for the alleviation or prevention of clinical signs of atopic dermatitis (ad) in genetically predisposed dogs. | 2009 | 19496662 |
| lactobacilli stimulate the innate immune response and modulate the tlr expression of ht29 intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. | the potentially probiotic strain lactobacillus plantarum bfe 1685 isolated from a child's faeces and the probiotic strain lactobacillus rhamnosus gg were investigated for their capability to influence the innate immune response of ht29 intestinal epithelial cells towards salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. furthermore, their capacity to modulate toll-like receptor expression of ht29 cells was investigated at the mrna and protein levels. tnf-alpha was used in cell culture with ht29 cells to ... | 2009 | 19523707 |
| lactobacilli inhibit shigella dysenteriae 1 induced pro-inflammatory response and cytotoxicity in host cells via impediment of shigella-host interactions. | shigella dysenteriae type 1 dysentery is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children from less developed and developing countries. the present study explores the hypothesis that lactobacilli protect the host cell during s. dysenteriae type 1 infection and its mechanism of action. | 2010 | 19535308 |
| oral supplementation with lactobacillus rhamnosus cgmcc 1.3724 prevents development of atopic dermatitis in nc/ngatnd mice possibly by modulating local production of ifn-gamma. | prevalence of allergies has increased during the last two decades. alteration of the gut microbiota composition is thought to play a crucial role in development of atopic diseases. oral administration of probiotics has been reported to treat and/or prevent symptoms of atopic diseases in infants, but the results are still controversial. we investigated the potential efficacy of dietary interventions by a probiotic strain on prevention and treatment of atopic dermatitis (ad) in a human-like ad mod ... | 2009 | 19555432 |
| a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of lactobacillus gg in infantile diarrhea. | in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 229 infants hospitalized for acute diarrhea in rural india were given a 10-day course of lactobacillus rhammosus gg (minimum dose, 10 degrees bacteria) or placebo. there was no difference in groups in the duration of diarrhea or numbers of stool on days 3, 6, or 10 of treatment. | 2009 | 19559297 |
| probiotics and prebiotics in atopic dermatitis: review of the theoretical background and clinical evidence. | the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (ad) has risen over the past decades, especially in western societies. according to the revised hygiene hypothesis this increase is caused by a changed intestinal colonization pattern during infancy, which has an impact on the immune system. manipulating the intestinal microflora with pro-, pre- or synbiotics is an innovative way to prevent or treat ad. this review provides an overview of the theoretical basis for using probiotics and prebiotics in ad and pres ... | 2010 | 19573143 |
| sudan azo dyes and para red degradation by prevalent bacteria of the human gastrointestinal tract. | sudan azo dyes have genotoxic effects and ingestion of food products contaminated with sudan i, ii, iii, iv, and para red could lead to exposure in the human gastrointestinal tract. in this study, we examined thirty-five prevalent species of human intestinal bacteria to evaluate their capacity to degrade sudan dyes and para red. among these tested bacterial strains, 23, 13, 33, 30, and 29 out of 35 species tested were able to reduce sudan i, ii, iii, iv, and para red, respectively, to some exten ... | 2010 | 19580882 |
| probiotics. | the term "probiotic" was first used in 1965, by lilly and stillwell, to describe substances secreted by one organism which stimulate the growth of another. the use of antibiotics, immunosuppressive therapy and irradiation, amongst other means of treatment, may cause alterations in the composition and have an effect on the git flora. therefore, the introduction of beneficial bacterial species to gi tract may be a very attractive option to re-establish the microbial equilibrium and prevent disease ... | 2009 | 19584499 |
| salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium adhesion and cytotoxicity during epithelial cell stress is reduced by lactobacillus rhamnosus gg. | physiological stressors may alter susceptibility of the host intestinal epithelium to infection by enteric pathogens. in the current study, cytotoxic effect, adhesion and invasion of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) to caco-2 cells exposed to thermal stress (41 degrees c, 1 h) was investigated. probiotic bacteria have been shown to reduce interaction of pathogens with the epithelium under non-stress conditions and may have a significant effect on epithelial viability duri ... | 2009 | 19589170 |
| protective effect of milk constituents and sublethal injuries limiting process effectiveness during pef inactivation of lb. rhamnosus. | the inactivation of lb. rhamnosus by pulsed electric field treatment (pef) was studied in different fractions of raw milk and ringer solution in order to evaluate the protective effect of nutrient rich media in comparison to aqueous buffer solutions. apart from monitoring of culturability, analysis of the physiological fitness of lb. rhamnosus was conducted aiming to identify sublethally damaged cells. therefore, flow cytometry and a selective medium plating technique were used and compared to e ... | 2009 | 19589610 |
| probiotics in pediatric care. | | 2009 | 19608114 |
| human vaginal lactobacillus rhamnosus harbor mutation in 23s rrna associated with erythromycin resistance. | little is known about the diversity and distribution of resistance determinants in human commensal bacteria. the aim of this study was to determine the molecular mechanism responsible for high-level erythromycin resistance among five human vaginal lactobacillus rhamnosus isolates. pcr screening for the presence of erma, ermb and ermc methylase genes revealed no determinants responsible for detected erythromycin resistance. therefore, sequences of 23s rrna genes from l. rhamnosus strains were stu ... | 2009 | 19619642 |
| characterisation of a small erythromycin resistance plasmid plfe1 from the food-isolate lactobacillus plantarum m345. | this paper reports the complete 4031 bp nucleotide sequence of the small erythromycin resistance plasmid plfe1 isolated from the raw-milk cheese isolate lactobacillus plantarum m345. analysis of the sequence revealed the coding regions for the erythromycin resistance determinant erm(b). a replication initiation protein repb was identified belonging to the repb proteins of the pmv158 family of rolling-circle replicating plasmids. the transcriptional repressor protein copg and a small counter tran ... | 2009 | 19640422 |
| intestinal dysbiosis: a possible mechanism of alcohol-induced endotoxemia and alcoholic steatohepatitis in rats. | clinical and animal data indicate that gut-derived endotoxin and other luminal bacterial products are necessary cofactors for development of alcoholic liver disease (ald). although gut leakiness is clearly an important cause of endotoxemia in ald, it cannot fully explain endotoxemia in all ald subjects and thus other factors may be involved. one possible factor is a change in gut microbiota composition (dysbiosis). thus, the aim of our study was to interrogate the gut bacterial microbiota in alc ... | 2009 | 19645728 |
| goat whey fermentation by kluyveromyces marxianus and lactobacillus rhamnosus release tryptophan and tryptophan-lactokinin from a cryptic zone of alpha-lactalbumin. | angiotensin-i-converting enzyme (ace) inhibitors peptides were produced from unsupplemented acid goat whey fermented aerobically for 168 h by kluyveromyces marxianus and lactobacillus rhamnosus. this yeast-lactobacillus association is gras. two novel lactokinins were identified: nyw and w with ic50 of 20 and 0.86 mum respectively. they both were resistant toward simulated gastrointestinal digestion. in addition, wlahk was found in the hydrolysate. these three sequences belong to f(99-110) of alp ... | 2009 | 19650957 |
| lactobacillus rhamnosus blocks inflammatory signaling in vivo via reactive oxygen species generation. | uncontrolled inflammatory responses in the immature gut may play a role in the pathogenesis of many intestinal inflammatory syndromes that present in newborns or children, such as necrotizing enterocolitis (nec), idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd), or infectious enteritis. consistent with previous reports that murine intestinal function matures over the first 3 weeks of life, we show that inflammatory signaling in the neonatal mouse gut increases during postnatal maturation, with peak ... | 2009 | 19660542 |
| fermented rice bran downregulates mitf expression and leads to inhibition of alpha-msh-induced melanogenesis in b16f1 melanoma. | rice bran contains various polyphenolic compounds with anti-oxidative activities, and it has long been known to inhibit melanogenesis, but the inhibition mechanism has not been fully elucidated. cofermentation of rice bran with lactobacillus rhamnosus and saccharomyces cerevisiae significantly reduced the cytotoxicity of the resulting extract to b16f1 melanoma cells. marked reduction of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (msh) induced melanin synthesis was also observed upon treatment with fer ... | 2009 | 19661697 |
| preferential promotion of apoptosis of monocytes by lactobacillus casei rhamnosus soluble factors. | inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is characterized by dense infiltrates of and defective apoptosis by mucosal cell populations. some probiotics inhibit monocytes' expansion, although mechanisms remain unknown. supernatants of lactobacillus strains were investigated for inducing apoptosis of monocytes. | 2010 | 19665262 |
| enhancement of survival of probiotic and non-probiotic lactic acid bacteria by yeasts in fermented milk under non-refrigerated conditions. | the effects of yeasts on the survival of probiotic and non-probiotic lactic acid bacteria (lab) were studied in fermented milk under non-refrigerated conditions (30 degrees c) with a view to develop ambient-stable fermented milk with live lab. five yeasts tested (saccharomyces bayanus, williopsis saturnus var. saturnus, yarrowia lipolytica, candida kefyr and kluyveromyces marxianus) enhanced the survival of lactobacillus bulgaricus (but not streptococcus thermophilus) in a mixed yoghurt culture ... | 2009 | 19666198 |
| survival of lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938 and lactobacillus rhamnosus gg in the human gastrointestinal tract with daily consumption of a low-fat probiotic spread. | probiotics are live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. therefore, probiotic strains should be able to survive passage through the human gastrointestinal tract. human gastrointestinal tract survival of probiotics in a low-fat spread matrix has, however, never been tested. the objective of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled human intervention study was to test the human gastrointestinal tract survival of lactobacillus re ... | 2009 | 19684171 |
| effect of long-term consumption of milk supplemented with probiotic lactobacilli and fluoride on dental caries and general health in preschool children: a cluster-randomized study. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of milk supplemented with probiotic bacteria and fluoride on caries development and general health in preschool children. children 1-5 years of age (n = 248) attending 14 day care centres with 27 units in northern sweden entered the study. the centres were randomly assigned to two parallel groups: children in the intervention group were served 150 ml milk supplemented with lactobacillus rhamnosus lb21 (10(7) cfu/ml) and 2.5 mg fluoride per litre f ... | 2009 | 19690413 |
| production of exopolysaccharides by lactobacillus and bifidobacterium strains of human origin, and metabolic activity of the producing bacteria in milk. | this work reports on the physicochemical characterization of 21 exopolysaccharides (eps) produced by lactobacillus and bifidobacterium strains isolated from human intestinal microbiota, as well as the growth and metabolic activity of the eps-producing strains in milk. the strains belong to the species lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus vaginalis, bifidobacterium animalis, bifidobacterium longum, and bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum. the molar ma ... | 2009 | 19700676 |
| intermediate chains of exopolysaccharides from lactobacillus rhamnosus rw-9595m increase il-10 production by macrophages. | to evaluate the immunosuppressive properties of the exopolysaccharide (eps) from high-eps producer lactobacillus rhamnosus rw-9595m on inflammatory cytokines produced by macrophages. | 2010 | 19702865 |
| effect of lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 and lactobacillus reuteri rc-14 on the ability of candida albicans to infect cells and induce inflammation. | vulvovaginal candidiasis, a high prevailing infection worldwide, is mainly caused by candida albicans. probiotic lactobacillus reuteri rc-14 and lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 have been previously shown to be useful as adjuvants in the treatment of women with vvc. in order to demonstrate and better understand the anti-candida activity of the probiotic microorganisms in an in vitro model simulating vaginal candidiasis, a human vaginal epithelial cell line (vk2/e6e7) was infected with c.albicans 315 ... | 2009 | 19703242 |
| effect of natural commensal-origin dna on toll-like receptor 9 (tlr9) signaling cascade, chemokine il-8 expression, and barrier integritiy of polarized intestinal epithelial cells. | the intestinal epithelium is constantly exposed to high levels of genetic material like bacterial dna. under normal physiological conditions, the intestinal epithelial monolayer as a formidable dynamic barrier with a high-polarity structure facilitates only a controlled and selective flux on components between the lumen and the underlining mucosa and even is able to facilitate structure-based macromolecules movement. the aim of this study was to test the effect of natural commensal-origin dna on ... | 2010 | 19714766 |
| effect of homogenization techniques on reducing the size of microcapsules and the survival of probiotic bacteria therein. | this study investigated 2 different homogenization techniques for reducing the size of calcium alginate beads during the microencapsulation process of 8 probiotic bacteria strains, namely, lactobacillus rhamnosus, l. salivarius, l. plantarum, l. acidophilus, l. paracasei, bifidobacterium longum, b. lactis type bi-04, and b. lactis type bi-07. two different homogenization techniques were used, namely, ultra-turrax benchtop homogenizer and microfluidics microfluidizer. various settings on the homo ... | 2009 | 19723206 |
| assessment of cell surface properties and adhesion potential of selected probiotic strains. | to evaluate the physicochemical cell surface and adhesive properties of selected probiotic strains for human use. | 2009 | 19725886 |
| lactic acid bacteria population in children diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus. | to determine the effect of trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole treatment on the natural population of lactic acid bacteria in the intestinal tract and to determine if any of the strains developed resistance to antibiotics. | 2009 | 19751380 |
| oral treatment with probiotics reduces allergic symptoms in ovalbumin-sensitized mice: a bacterial strain comparative study. | evidence demonstrating an important role of the intestinal microbiota in the incidence of allergic disorders has led to the concept of using probiotics as possible antiallergic therapy. this study aimed to select a bacterial strain with the best antiallergic treatment effects from a panel of 6 bacterial strains in a mouse model of ovalbumin(ova)-allergic asthma. | 2010 | 19752564 |
| probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 and lactobacillus reuteri rc-14 may help downregulate tnf-alpha, il-6, il-8, il-10 and il-12 (p70) in the neurogenic bladder of spinal cord injured patient with urinary tract infections: a two-case study. | the management of urinary tract infection (uti) in individuals with spinal cord injury (sci) continues to be of concern, due to complications that can occur. an emerging concept that is a common underlying pathophysiological process is involved, wherein pathogens causing uti have a role in inflammatory progression. we hypothesized that members of the commensal flora, such as lactobacilli, may counter this reaction through anti-inflammatory mediation. this was assessed in a pilot two-patient stud ... | 2009 | 19753131 |
| strain-specific probiotic (lactobacillus helveticus) inhibition of campylobacter jejuni invasion of human intestinal epithelial cells. | campylobacter jejuni is the most common bacterial cause of enterocolitis in humans, leading to diarrhoea and chronic extraintestinal diseases. although probiotics are effective in preventing other enteric infections, beneficial microorganisms have not been extensively studied with c. jejuni. the aim of this study was to delineate the ability of selected probiotic lactobacillus strains to reduce epithelial cell invasion by c. jejuni. human colon t84 and embryonic intestine 407 epithelial cells we ... | 2009 | 19765084 |
| lactobacillus rhamnosus hepatic abscess associated with mirizzi syndrome: a case report and review of the literature. | the clinical significance of lactobacillus spp. isolated from clinical specimens has often been overlooked due to its low virulence. we report the first case of life-threatening bacteremic liver abscess due to lactobacillus rhamnosus associated with mirizzi syndrome in a 74-year-old chinese man. literature on sporadic reports of lactobacillus liver abscess is reviewed. | 2010 | 19766429 |
| proteome analysis of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg using 2-d dige and mass spectrometry shows differential protein production in laboratory and industrial-type growth media. | lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) is one of the most extensively studied and widely used probiotic bacteria. while the benefits of lgg treatment in gastrointestinal disorders and immunomodulation are well-documented, functional genomics research of this bacterium has only recently been initiated. in the present study, a 2-d dige approach was used for the quantitative analysis of growth media-dependent changes in lgg protein abundance. proteins were isolated from cells grown in industrial-type whe ... | 2009 | 19780546 |
| evaluation of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg using an escherichia coli k88 model of piglet diarrhoea: effects on diarrhoea incidence, faecal microflora and immune responses. | probiotic bacterium lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) has been demonstrated to adhere to pig intestinal mucus, and is able to displace and inhibit pathogens, including escherichia coli (e. coli), in vitro. however, currently there are few data concerning the effects of lgg on piglet health. the objectives of this study were to assess the effectiveness of lgg in reducing the incidence and severity of post-weaning diarrhoea in piglets, and to investigate its mechanisms of action. eighteen weaned ba ... | 2010 | 19782483 |
| the identification of a low molecular mass bacteriocin, rhamnosin a, produced by lactobacillus rhamnosus strain 68. | this study focuses on the isolation and characterization of a peptide with bacteriocin-like properties isolated from lactobacillus rhamnosus strain 68, previously identified by 16s rrna gene sequencing and originating from human gastrointestinal flora. | 2009 | 19796123 |
| effects of enteropathogenic bacteria & lactobacilli on chemokine secretion & toll like receptor gene expression in two human colonic epithelial cell lines. | the intestinal epithelium is part of the innate immune system responding to contact with pathogenic or commensal bacteria. the objective of this study was to compare innate responses of intestinal epithelial cell lines to pathogenic bacteria and to lactobacilli. | 2009 | 19797815 |
| comparative genomic analysis of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg reveals pili containing a human- mucus binding protein. | to unravel the biological function of the widely used probiotic bacterium lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, we compared its 3.0-mbp genome sequence with the similarly sized genome of l. rhamnosus lc705, an adjunct starter culture exhibiting reduced binding to mucus. both genomes demonstrated high sequence identity and synteny. however, for both strains, genomic islands, 5 in gg and 4 in lc705, punctuated the colinearity. a significant number of strain-specific genes were predicted in these islands (80 ... | 2009 | 19805152 |
| bovine lactoferrin supplementation for prevention of late-onset sepsis in very low-birth-weight neonates: a randomized trial. | sepsis is a common and severe complication in premature neonates, particularly those with very low birth weight (vlbw) (<1500 g). whether lactoferrin, a mammalian milk glycoprotein involved in innate immune host defenses, can reduce the incidence of sepsis is unknown. in animal models, the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) enhances the activity of lactoferrin but has not been studied in human infants. | 2009 | 19809023 |
| lactoferrin supplementation to prevent nosocomial infections in preterm infants. | | 2009 | 19809031 |
| the feasibility of serving liquid yoghurt supplemented with probiotic bacteria, lactobacillus rhamnosus lb 21, and lactococcus lactis l1a--a pilot study among old people with dementia in a residential care facility. | constipation and body weight loss are prevalent among old people. treatment with different species of lactic acid bacteria has been suggested for various forms of gastrointestinal disorders. objective, participants and intervention: this pilot study was performed to assess the feasibility of administering and consuming a drinkable yoghurt containing lactobacillus rhamnosus lb 21 and lactococcus l1a, and to evaluate the influence on bowel movements and body weight in 15 people with dementia, aged ... | 2009 | 19812872 |
| complete genome sequence of the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus atcc 53103. | lactobacillus rhamnosus is a facultatively heterofermentative lactic acid bacterium and is frequently isolated from human gastrointestinal mucosa of healthy individuals. l. rhamnosus atcc 53103, isolated from a healthy human intestinal flora, is one of the most widely used and well-documented probiotics. here, we report the finished and annotated genome sequence of this organism. | 2009 | 19820099 |