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effects of chlorhexidine, listerine and fluoride listerine mouthrinses on four putative root-caries pathogens in the biofilm.to investigate the effects of chlorhexidine (chx), listerine and fluoride listerine on putative root-caries pathogens in the biofilm in the artificial mouth model.201122319755
whole-genome shotgun sequencing of lactobacillus rhamnosus mtcc 5462, a strain with probiotic potential.lactobacillus rhamnosus mtcc 5462 was isolated from infant gastrointestinal flora. the strain exhibited an ability to reduce cholesterol and stimulate immunity. the strain has exhibited positive results in alleviating gastrointestinal discomfort and good potential as a probiotic. we sequenced the whole genome of the strain and compared it to the published genome sequence of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (atcc 53103).201222328760
the practicability and surgeons' subjective experiences with vaginal danazol before an operative hysteroscopy.this randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study compared the usefulness of danazol 400mg vaginally versus 600mg orally in women as a preoperative preparation for hysteroscopic surgery. ninety-one fertile women were randomly allocated to group a (46 patients received 400mg of danazol placed into the posterior vaginal fornix and three oral tablets of commercially available folic acid as a placebo), and group b [45 women treated with 600mg of danazol orally (200mg three times daily) and two ...201222342469
dietary supplementation with probiotics improves hematopoiesis in malnourished mice.lactobacillus rhamnosus crl1505 (lr) administered during the repletion of immunocompromised-malnourished mice improves the resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections. this effect is associated with an increase in the number and functionality of immune cells, indicating that lr could have some influence on myeloid and lymphoid cell production and maturation.201222347448
modulation of the murine microbiome with a concomitant anti-obesity effect by lactobacillus rhamnosus gg and lactobacillus sakei nr28.the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract (git) constitutes the major part of the total human microbiome and is considered to be an important regulator of human health and host metabolism. numerous investigations in recent years have focused on the connection between the human microbiota and metabolic diseases such as obesity, type ii diabetes and atherosclerosis. yet, little is known about the impact of probiotic consumption on the git microbial population and the potential effect on chronic ...201222348905
effect of water activity and protective solutes on growth and subsequent survival to air-drying of lactobacillus and bifidobacterium cultures.probiotic cultures of lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus rhamnosus, bifidobacterium longum, lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus acidophilus were grown in media having water activities (a (w)) adjusted between 0.99 and 0.94 with nacl or with a mixture of glycerol and sucrose in order to find conditions of osmotic stress which would still allow for good growth. cultures grown at a (w) = 0.96 or 0.99 were then recovered by centrifugation, added to a sucrose-phosphate medium and air-dried. in ...201222350318
characterization of a probiotic-derived soluble protein which reveals a mechanism of preventive and treatment effects of probiotics on intestinal inflammatory diseases.the beneficial effects of probiotics have been demonstrated in many diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease. the known mechanisms for probiotic action include blocking pathogenic bacterial effects, enhancing the innate immunity and decreasing pathogen-induced inflammation, and promoting intestinal epithelial cell survival, barrier function, and protective responses. we purified and cloned a lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg)-derived soluble protein, p40. this protein ameliorated cytokine-indu ...201622356855
genetic and biochemical characterization of the cell wall hydrolase activity of the major secreted protein of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg.lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) produces two major secreted proteins, designated here msp1 (lgg_00324 or p75) and msp2 (lgg_00031 or p40), which have been reported to promote the survival and growth of intestinal epithelial cells. intriguingly, although each of these proteins shares homology with cell wall hydrolases, a physiological function that correlates with such an enzymatic activity remained to be substantiated in lgg. to investigate the bacterial function, we constructed knock-out mutan ...201222359601
decreased training volume and increased carbohydrate intake increases oxidized ldl levels.we studied effects of probiotics and training volume on oxidized ldl lipids (ox-ldl), serum antioxidant potential (s-trap) and serum antioxidants (s-α-tocopherol, s-γ-tocopherol, s-retinol, s-β-carotene and s-ubiquinone-10) in marathon runners during 3-months training period, 6-days preparation period and marathon run. runners (n=127) were recruited for a randomized, double-blind intervention during which they received either lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg, probiotic group) or placebo drink (pl ...201222377944
the effects of ph oscillation on lactobacillus rhamnosus batch cultivation.inhomogeneous mixing in industrial-sized fermentation processes causes oscillations in process parameters such as temperature or ph value in the cultivation medium, which causes stress to the bacteria being cultivated. in this work, the impact of extracellular ph oscillations on the production of lactobacillus rhamnosus, a well-studied probiotic bacteria, were investigated by means of a scale-down batch process, simulating inhomogeneous ph values by controlling the ph value of the medium on sinu ...201222382165
analysis of the peptidoglycan hydrolase complement of lactobacillus casei and characterization of the major γ-d-glutamyl-l-lysyl-endopeptidase.peptidoglycan (pg) is the major component of gram positive bacteria cell wall and is essential for bacterial integrity and shape. bacteria synthesize pg hydrolases (pghs) which are able to cleave bonds in their own pg and play major roles in pg remodelling required for bacterial growth and division. our aim was to identify the main pghs in lactobacillus casei bl23, a lactic acid bacterium with probiotic properties.the pgh complement was first identified in silico by amino acid sequence similarit ...201222384208
glutamine synthetase and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase are adhesive moonlighting proteins of lactobacillus crispatus released by epithelial cathelicidin ll-37.glutamine synthetase (gs) and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (gpi) were identified as novel adhesive moonlighting proteins of lactobacillus crispatus st1. both proteins were bound onto the bacterial surface at acidic phs, whereas a suspension of the cells to ph 8 caused their release into the buffer, a pattern previously observed with surface-bound enolase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) of l. crispatus. the ph shift was associated with a rapid and transient increase in cell ...201222389474
removal of patulin from apple juice using inactivated lactic acid bacteria.apples and apple products are the most notably commodities contaminated with patulin (pat), which cause detrimental effects on human health and economic problems. the primary objective of this study was to investigate the removal of pat contamination from apple juice using 10 different inactivated lactic acid bacteria (lab) strains.201222394257
reduction of patulin in aqueous solution by lactic acid bacteria.this study aims to investigate the ability of lactic acid bacteria (lab) to remove patulin (pat) from aqueous solution with respect to the bacterial viability, initial pat concentration, incubation time, temperature, and ph. the removal of pat determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) coupled with uv detector. the maximum pat uptake was achieved by bifidobacterium bifidum 6071 and lactobacillus rhamnosus 6149 strains (52.9% and 51.1%) for viable and (54.1% and 52.0%) for nonvia ...201222394296
extensively hydrolysed casein formula supplemented with lactobacillus rhamnosus gg maintains hypoallergenic status: randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial.to evaluate the hypoallergenicity of an extensively hydrolysed (eh) casein formula supplemented with lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg).201222396223
antimicrobial and safety properties of lactobacilli isolated from two cameroonian traditional fermented foods.twenty-one lactobacillus isolates from "sha'a" (a maize - based fermented beverage) and "kossam" (traditionally fermented cow milk) were selected in accordance with their antagonistic activities and tested for their bacteriocinogenic potential as well as safety properties. these isolates were preliminarily identified as lactobacillus plantarum (62%), lactobacillus rhamnosus (24%), lactobacillus fermentum (10%) and lactobacillus coprophilus (4%) based on phenotypic characteristics and rep-pcr gen ...201122396914
cloning and characterization of a thermostable h2o-forming nadh oxidase from lactobacillus rhamnosus.nadh oxidase (nox) catalyzes the conversion of nadh to nad(+). a previously uncharacterized nox gene (lrnox) was cloned from lactobacillus rhamnosus and overexpressed in escherichia coli bl21(de3). sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 1359 bp, capable of encoding a polypeptide of 453 amino acid residues. the molecular mass of the purified lrnox enzyme was estimated to be ~50 kda by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and 100 kda by gel filtration chromatogra ...201222418266
probiotics are effective for the prevention and treatment of citrobacter rodentium-induced colitis in mice.probiotics prevent disease induced by citrobacter rodentium, a murine-specific enteric pathogen. whether probiotics can be used to interrupt the infectious process following initiation of infection was determined.201222430833
human gut-on-a-chip inhabited by microbial flora that experiences intestinal peristalsis-like motions and flow.development of an in vitro living cell-based model of the intestine that mimics the mechanical, structural, absorptive, transport and pathophysiological properties of the human gut along with its crucial microbial symbionts could accelerate pharmaceutical development, and potentially replace animal testing. here, we describe a biomimetic 'human gut-on-a-chip' microdevice composed of two microfluidic channels separated by a porous flexible membrane coated with extracellular matrix (ecm) and lined ...201222434367
early exposure to probiotics in a canine model of atopic dermatitis has long-term clinical and immunological effects.probiotics modulate the immune response and may have protective effects against atopic dermatitis (ad). clinical trials using dogs with spontaneous disease are limited by confounding factors such as different diets, environments and sensitizations while a more controlled evaluation is possible using experimental models. a validated model of canine ad showed that early exposure to lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) significantly decreases allergen-specific ige and partially prevents ad in the first ...201222436376
normal vaginal flora, disorders and application of probiotics in pregnancy.to assess the effectiveness of vaginal administration of the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus bmx 54 in preventing the occurrence of abnormal vaginal flora and the alteration of parameters relevant to the progression of pregnancy.201222437191
dietary addition of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg impairs the health of escherichia coli f4-challenged piglets.lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) is a probiotic for humans and is normally not found in pigs; however, it has been shown to protect the human-derived intestinal caco-2 cells against the damage induced by an important intestinal pathogen, enterotoxigenic escherichia coli f4 (etec). an experiment was conducted to test whether the dietary addition of lgg improves the growth and health of weaned pigs when orally challenged by e. coli f4. thirty-six pigs were weaned at 21 days and assigned to a stand ...201122440280
whey protein coating bead improves the survival of the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus crl 1505 to low ph.to evaluate the efficacy of a novel microencapsulation procedure using whey protein and pectin to improve the survival rate of lactobacillus rhamnosus crl 1505 to low ph and bile.201222448978
the viability and intestinal epithelial cell adhesion of probiotic strain combination--in vitro study.to be effective, probiotic bacteria must exhibit a number of functional characteristics, including the resistance to gastric acidity and the ability to adhere to the intestinal epithelium. in this study, we examined in vitro the viability of lactic acid bacteria (lab) combination after exposure to low ph, and the adhesion of lab to caco-2 cells during coincubation of 9 bacterial strains. to test bacterial viability, 6 commercially available products were incubated in 0.1 n hcl at ph 1.2 for 60 m ...201222462453
survival of lactobacillus rhamnosus strains inoculated in cheese matrix during simulated human digestion.survival of probiotic bacteria during transit through the gastrointestinal (gi) tract is influenced by a number of environmental variables including stomach acidity, bile salts, digestive enzymes and food matrix. this study assessed survival of seven selected lactobacillus rhamnosus strains delivered within a model cheese system to the human upper gi tract using a dynamic gastric model (dgm). good survival rates for all tested strains were recorded during both simulated gastric and duodenal dige ...201222475943
regulation of tlr4, p38 mapkinase, iκb and mirnas by inactivated strains of lactobacilli in human dendritic cells.strain specific properties of probiotics in providing supportive health effects in the immune system and the gastrointestinal tract have been widely investigated in vivo and in vitro. however, the underlying responsible mechanism is poorly described. by unravelling the probiotic-induced responses in a complex network of interacting signalling pathways, we investigated the effect of heat-inactivated lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) and lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (l.del) on the ex ...201222476320
lactobacillus rhamnosus exopolysaccharide ameliorates arthritis induced by the systemic injection of collagen and lipopolysaccharide in dba/1 mice.oral administration of some probiotic bacteria (e.g. lactobacillus rhamnosus) attenuates various types of experimental arthritis, including collagen-induced arthritis (cia) and inhibits arthritogenic autoantibodies. much less is known about the possible anti-arthritogenic properties of exopolysaccharide (eps), the major component of lactic bacteria biofilm. in this study, we asked the question whether systemic administration of eps derived from l. rhamnosus kl37 depresses the production of anti- ...201222484803
functional properties of lactobacillus strains isolated from dairy products.twenty-four acid- and bile-tolerant lactobacilli isolates from dairy products were identified and further in vitro characterized for the presence of functional traits potentially useful for probiotic applications, which included desirable and undesirable traits, such as biofilm formation, ability to inhibit intestinal pathogens, antibiotic susceptibility, and enzyme activity. the majority of examined strains were susceptible to certain antimicrobial agents (streptomycin, gentamicin, clindamycin, ...201222488103
antimicrobial susceptibility of microflora from ovine cheese.strains identified in ovine cheese and bryndza by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight analysis belonged to ten species of non-enterococcal lactic acid bacteria and included lactobacillus casei/lactobacillus paracasei, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus helveticus, lactobacillus delbrueckii, lactobacillus fermentum, lactobacillus brevis, lactococcus lactis, pediococcus pentosaceus and pediococcus acidilactici. the susceptibility toward antibioti ...201222491987
antifungal activity of two lactobacillus strains with potential probiotic properties.aflatoxin (highly toxic and carcinogenic secondary metabolites produced by fungi) contamination is a serious problem worldwide. modern agriculture and animal production systems need to use high-quality and mycotoxin-free feedstuffs. the use of microorganisms to preserve food has gained importance in recent years due to the demand for reduced use of chemical preservatives by consumers. lactic acid bacteria are known to produce various antimicrobial compounds that are considered to be important in ...201222497448
probiotics in the management of inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review of intervention studies in adult patients.mounting evidence suggests an important role for the intestinal microbiota in the chronic mucosal inflammation that occurs in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd), and novel molecular approaches have further identified a dysbiosis in these patients. several mechanisms of action of probiotic products that may interfere with possible aetiological factors in ibd have been postulated.201222512365
intestinal adaptation is stimulated by partial enteral nutrition supplemented with the prebiotic short-chain fructooligosaccharide in a neonatal intestinal failure piglet model.butyrate has been shown to stimulate intestinal adaptation when added to parenteral nutrition (pn) following small bowel resection but is not available in current pn formulations. the authors hypothesized that pre- and probiotic administration may be a clinically feasible method to administer butyrate and stimulate intestinal adaptation.201222517051
modulation of toll-like receptor ligands and candida albicans-induced cytokine responses by specific probiotics.probiotics have been proposed as modulators of gut inflammation, especially in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). in order to be able to use them in these clinical conditions, their capacity to modulate immune responses towards other stimuli or microorganisms has to be thoroughly understood. in the present study, three different potentially probiotic strains, bifidobacterium breve (numres 204), lactobacillus rhamnosus (numres1) and lactobacillus casei (dn-114 001), have been studied for their pot ...201222521032
probiotic factors partially prevent changes to caspases 3 and 7 activation and transepithelial electrical resistance in a model of 5-fluorouracil-induced epithelial cell damage.the potential efficacy of a probiotic-based preventative strategy against intestinal mucositis has yet to be investigated in detail. we evaluated supernatants (sn) from escherichia coli nissle 1917 (ecn) and lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) for their capacity to prevent 5-fluorouracil (5-fu)-induced damage to intestinal epithelial cells. a 5-day study was performed. iec-6 cells were treated daily from days 0 to 3, with 1 ml of pbs (untreated control), de man rogosa sharpe (mrs) broth, tryptone s ...201222526145
lactobacillus rhamnosus gg culture supernatant ameliorates acute alcohol-induced intestinal permeability and liver injury.endotoxemia is a contributing cofactor to alcoholic liver disease (ald), and alcohol-induced increased intestinal permeability is one of the mechanisms of endotoxin absorption. probiotic bacteria have been shown to promote intestinal epithelial integrity and protect barrier function in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) and in ald. although it is highly possible that some common molecules secreted by probiotics contribute to this action in ibd, the effect of probiotic culture supernatant has not y ...201222538402
influence of manufacturing processes on in vitro properties of the probiotic strain lactobacillus rhamnosus lcr35®.probiotics are administered as complex manufactured products and yet most studies on probiotic bacterial strains have been performed with native culture strains. little is known about the influence of industrial processes on the properties of the microorganisms. in this study, we comparatively assessed the characteristics of the probiotic bacterial strain lactobacillus rhamnosus (lcr35(®)) together with four of its commercial formulations, including three intestinal formulas (bacilor with lcr re ...201222542933
lactobacillus rhamnosus bacteremia: an emerging clinical entity.lactobacillus spp. are ubiquitous commensals of the normal human flora that are only occasionally found in clinical infections. their role in human disease is established for infectious endocarditis but is controversial for other infections. we sought to characterize clinically associated lactobacillus spp. we conducted a retrospective study, which consisted of the screening of lactobacillus isolates obtained in our laboratory from january 2004 to december 2009. the polymerase chain reaction (pc ...201222544343
asthma prevention by lactobacillus rhamnosus in a mouse model is associated with cd4(+)cd25(+)foxp3(+) t cells.probiotic bacteria can induce immune regulation or immune tolerance in allergic diseases. the underlying mechanisms have been recently investigated, but are still unclear. the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus (lcr35) in a mouse model of asthma and to identify its mechanism of action.201222548208
in vitro study of the effect of a probiotic bacterium lactobacillus rhamnosus against herpes simplex virus type 1.due to the emergence of drug resistance in herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), researchers are trying to find other methods for treating herpes simplex virus type 1 infections. probiotic bacteria are effective in macrophage activation and may have antiviral activities.201722552453
double-blind, randomised clinical assay to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in preterm newborns weighing less than 1500 g in the prevention of necrotising enterocolitis.a randomised, double-blind clinical trial was undertaken in order to assess the effectiveness of probiotics in the prevention of necrotising enterocolitis (nec) in newborns weighing <1500 g.201322556209
a combined approach to study the protein glycosylation potential of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg). 201222558749
efficacy and safety profile of lcr35 complete freeze-dried culture in irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized, double-blind study.to assess the effects and safety of lactobacillus casei rhamnosus lcr35 complete freeze-dried culture (lcr35) in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (ibs).201222563194
gut balance, a synbiotic supplement, increases fecal lactobacillus paracasei but has little effect on immunity in healthy physically active individuals.synbiotic supplements, which contain multiple functional ingredients, may enhance the immune system more than the use of individual ingredients alone. a double blind active controlled parallel trial over a 21 d exercise training period was conducted to evaluate the effect of gut balance™, which contains lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei (l. casei 431®), bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis (bb-12®), lactobacillus acidophilus (la-5®), lactobacillus rhamnosus (lgg®), two prebiotics (raftili ...201722572834
lactobacillus reuteri protects epidermal keratinocytes from staphylococcus aureus-induced cell death by competitive exclusion.recent studies have suggested that the topical application of probiotic bacteria can improve skin health or combat disease. we have utilized a primary human keratinocyte culture model to investigate whether probiotic bacteria can inhibit staphylococcus aureus infection. evaluation of the candidate probiotics lactobacillus reuteri atcc 55730, lactobacillus rhamnosus ac413, and lactobacillus salivarius ucc118 demonstrated that both l. reuteri and l. rhamnosus, but not l. salivarius, reduced s. aur ...201222582077
characterization of a panela cheese with added probiotics and fava bean starch.of 20 lactobacillus and 8 bifidobacterium species examined, only bifidobacterium breve atcc 15700 was able to ferment starch from fava beans. bifidobacterium breve atcc 15700 and lactobacillus rhamnosus gg atcc 53103 were selected as probiotics for use in fresh-style panela cheese. two types of fresh cheese (with and without 3% fava bean starch) were manufactured with 3 combinations of probiotics: l. rhamnosus gg only, b. breve only, or both l. rhamnosus gg and b. breve. during 4 wk of storage a ...201222612915
pantoea agglomerans in immunodeficient patients with different respiratory symptoms.the aim of this paper was to determine in 32 patients from 4 different mexican hospitals the frequency of opportunistic bacteria in the 2010 to 2011 time period. the patients were divided in 4 groups. group 1 included 21 hiv positive patients with acute respiratory syndrome. four hiv positive patients with tuberculosis symptoms were included in group 2; two patients with tuberculosis symptoms and one asymptomatic person formed group 3. reference group 4 included 4 patients from whom 4 strains of ...201222619600
substances released from probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 potentiate nf-κb activity in escherichia coli-stimulated urinary bladder cells.lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 is a probiotic bacterium used to maintain urogenital health. the putative mechanism for its probiotic effect is by modulating the host immunity. urinary tract infections (uti) are often caused by uropathogenic escherichia coli that frequently evade or suppress immune responses in the bladder and can target pathways, including nuclear factor-kappab (nf-κb). we evaluated the role of l. rhamnosus gr-1 on nf-κb activation in e. coli-stimulated bladder cells. viable l. rh ...201222620976
inventory of non starter lactic acid bacteria from ripened parmigiano reggiano cheese as assessed by a culture dependent multiphasic approach.the objective of this study was to investigate microbial species diversity and strain complexity of the cultivable non starter lactic acid bacteria (nslab) occurring in 31 ripened parmigiano reggiano (pr) cheeses. dereplication of 127 lactobacilli isolates by (gtg)(5)-pcr fingerprinting yielded a total of 51 genotypes. phylogenetic relatedness of all the genotypes with known lactobacillus species was determined by a novel combined amplified 16s rdna restriction analysis (16s-ardra), species-spec ...201222626626
evaluation of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg and lactobacillus acidophilus ncfm encapsulated using a novel impinging aerosol method in fruit food products.this study investigated the effect of microencapsulation on the survival of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg and lactobacillus acidophilus ncfm and their acidification in orange juice at 25°c for nine days and at 4°c over thirty five days of storage. alginate micro beads (10-40 μm) containing the probiotics were produced by a novel dual aerosol method of alginate and cacl(2) cross linking solution. unencapsulated l. rhamnosus gg was found to have excellent survivability in orange juice at both tempera ...201222633536
evaluation of impact of exposure of sudan azo dyes and their metabolites on human intestinal bacteria.sudan azo dyes are banned for food usage in most countries, but they are illegally used to maintain or enhance the color of food products due to low cost, bright staining, and wide availability of the dyes. in this report, we examined the toxic effects of these azo dyes and their potential reduction metabolites on 11 prevalent human intestinal bacterial strains. among the tested bacteria, cell growth of 2, 3, 5, 5, and 1 strains was inhibited by sudan i, ii, iii, iv, and para red, respectively. ...201222634331
water activity in dry foods containing live probiotic bacteria should be carefully considered: a case study with lactobacillus rhamnosus gg in flaxseed.this study evaluated the effect of water activity on the long-term storage stability of the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) in a dry food matrix. viability of lgg was further studied in a crushed flaxseed matrix - a new possible product matrix to deliver probiotics - as well as in reference matrices as maltodextrin. three different water activities (a(w)=0.11, 0.22 and 0.43) were used, and preparations were stored at room temperature for up to 14months. the viability of lgg was less d ...201222663981
phylogenetic analysis of a spontaneous cocoa bean fermentation metagenome reveals new insights into its bacterial and fungal community diversity.this is the first report on the phylogenetic analysis of the community diversity of a single spontaneous cocoa bean box fermentation sample through a metagenomic approach involving 454 pyrosequencing. several sequence-based and composition-based taxonomic profiling tools were used and evaluated to avoid software-dependent results and their outcome was validated by comparison with previously obtained culture-dependent and culture-independent data. overall, this approach revealed a wider bacterial ...201222666442
interaction of campylobacter spp. and human probiotics in chicken intestinal mucus.campylobacter is the most common cause of bacterial food-borne diarrhoeal disease throughout the world. the principal risk of human contamination is handling and consumption of contaminated poultry meat. to colonize poultry, campylobacter adheres to and persists in the mucus layer that covers the intestinal epithelium. inhibiting adhesion to the mucus could prevent colonization of the intestine. the aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the protective effect of defined commercial human p ...201322672405
treatment of textile dyeing wastewater by biomass of lactobacillus: lactobacillus 12 and lactobacillus rhamnosus.the main purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of lactobacillus 12 and lactobacillus rhamnosus as both cells and biomasses for the removal of dye from real textile dyeing wastewater. the removal experiments were conducted according to the box-behnken experimental design, and the regression equations for the removal of dye were determined by the minitab 14 program. the optimum variables were found to be 10 g/l biomass concentration for biomasses, 3 for initial ph of the solut ...201322684899
effects of bile salt deconjugation by probiotic strains on the survival of antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens under simulated gastric conditions.this study was designed to evaluate the effects of bile acid deconjugation by probiotic strains on the antibiotic susceptibility of antibiotic-sensitive and multiple antibiotic-resistant salmonella typhimurium and staphylococcus aureus. eight probiotic strains, bifidobacterium longum b6, lactobacillus acidophilus adh, lactobacillus brevis kacc 10553, lactobacillus casei kacc 12413, lactobacillus paracasei atcc 25598, lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, leuconostoc mesenteroides kacc 12312, and pediococc ...201222691477
milk containing probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gg and respiratory illness in children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.to determine whether long-term daily consumption of milk containing probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (gg) decreases respiratory illness in children.201222692023
vaginal impact of the oral administration of total freeze-dried culture of lcr 35 in healthy women.the use of probiotics in the prevention or treatment of some vaginal infections has been the subject of numerous studies. to assess the presence of lactobacillus casei rhamnosus (lcr35) in the vagina after an oral administration, an open randomised pilot study was conducted on 20 healthy women of child-bearing age. materials and methods. 2 groups of 10 women were given a 28-day oral course, that is, at least 108 cfu/day (group 1) or 2 × 108 cfu/day (group 2) of lcr35. nugent score and vaginal sc ...201222701297
a protective effect of lactobacillus rhamnosus hn001 against eczema in the first 2 years of life persists to age 4 years.using a double blind randomized placebo-controlled trial (australian new zealand clinical trials registry: actrn12607000518460), we have shown that in a high risk birth cohort, maternal supplementation from 35 weeks gestation until 6 months if breastfeeding and infant supplementation until 2 years with lactobacillus rhamnosus hn001 (hn001) (6 × 10(9) cfu/day) halved the cumulative prevalence of eczema by age 2 years. bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis hn019 (hn019) (9 × 10(9) cfu/day) had no ...201222702506
immunomodulatory properties of enterococcus faecium jws 833 isolated from duck intestinal tract and suppression of listeria monocytogenes infection.the aim of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory properties of enterococcus faecium jws 833 (jws 833) isolated from duck intestine and compare them to those of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg), a proven immunity-enhancing probiotic. to investigate the immune-enhancing properties of jws 833, production of nitric oxide (no) and cytokines was measured in mouse peritoneal macrophages. in addition, a listeria monocytogenes challenge model was used in the assessment. it was found that heat-k ...201222709265
probiotic lactobacillus and estrogen effects on vaginal epithelial gene expression responses to candida albicans.vaginal epithelial cells have receptors, signal transduction mechanisms, and cytokine secretion capabilities to recruit host defenses against candida albicans infections. this research evaluates how probiotic lactobacilli affect the defensive epithelial response.201222715972
optimization and shelf life of a low-lactose yogurt with lactobacillus rhamnosus hn001.lactose intolerance results in gastrointestinal discomfort and the malabsorption of certain nutrients, such as calcium. the replacement of milk with low-lactose and probiotic-enriched dairy products is an effective strategy of mitigating the symptoms of lactose intolerance. lactobacillus rhamnosus hn001 (hn001) is a safe, immunity-stimulating probiotic. we have developed a process to increase the hydrolysis of lactose and hn001 growth in yogurt versus β-galactosidase (βg) concentration and enzym ...201222720912
functional foods as carriers for synbio®, a probiotic bacteria combination.the popularity of functional foods continues to increase as consumers desire flavorful foods that will fulfil their health needs. among these foods, probiotics may exert positive effects on the composition of gut microbiota and overall health. however, in order to be beneficial, the bacterial cultures have to remain live and active at the time of consumption. the aim of this study was to develop new probiotic food products, such as seasoned cheeses, salami, chocolate and ice-cream with a final p ...201222727086
a novel mouse model of atopic dermatitis with epicutaneous allergen sensitization and the effect of lactobacillus rhamnosus.atopic dermatitis (ad) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disease, and the pathogenesis is not completely understood. although there are some mouse models of ad, it is not easy to establish model to represent the natural ad development in human. in this study, we developed an ad model based on outside-inside theory and investigated the effect of lactobacillus rhamnosus (lcr35), which have known as an immune modulator in allergic diseases. skh-1 hairless mice underwent three 1-week expo ...201222742655
routine probiotic use in very preterm infants: retrospective comparison of two cohorts.evidence supports the efficacy of probiotics in reducing necrotizing enterocolitis (nec) in very low-birth-weight infants, although concerns remain with regard to their routine use. since 2008 in our neonatal intensive care unit, a low dose of probiotics (unique strain) is administered as standard of care in all preterm babies born at 24 to 31 weeks' gestation. this study reports outcomes in infants receiving probiotic cohort (pc) compared with the historical cohort.201322773285
probiotics modulate host-microbe interaction in the placenta and fetal gut: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.early host-microbe interaction provides important maturational stimuli for the developing immune system. the role of prenatal microbial contact remains elusive.201222776980
lactobacilli vs antibiotics to prevent urinary tract infections: a randomized, double-blind, noninferiority trial in postmenopausal women.growing antibiotic resistance warrants studying nonantibiotic prophylaxis for recurrent urinary tract infections (utis). use of lactobacilli appears to be promising.201222782199
the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus bfe5264 and lactobacillus plantarum nr74 promote cholesterol efflux and suppress inflammation in thp-1 cells.the balance between the rate of cholesterol uptake/accumulation and the rate of cholesterol efflux is reflected in the amount of lipid accumulation in macrophages. based upon the fact that liver x receptors (lxrs) play a role in cholesterol efflux, we studied the effects of probiotics on cholesterol efflux and anti-inflammatory action in macrophages. we confirmed changes in lxr expression by treatment of lxr-transfected cho-k1 cells with lactic acid bacteria (lab), and co-cultured thp-1 cells wi ...201322806829
probiotic interference of lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 and lactobacillus reuteri rc-14 with the opportunistic fungal pathogen candida albicans.candida albicans is the most important candida species causing vulvovaginal candidiasis (vvc). vvc has significant medical and economical impact on women's health and wellbeing. while current antifungal treatment is reasonably effective, supportive and preventive measures such as application of probiotics are required to reduce the incidence of vvc. we investigated the potential of the probiotics lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1 and lactobacillus reuteri rc-14 towards control of c. albicans. in vitr ...201222811591
systemic effects of ingested lactobacillus rhamnosus: inhibition of mast cell membrane potassium (ikca) current and degranulation.exposure of the intestine to certain strains lactobacillus can have systemic immune effects that include the attenuation of allergic responses. despite the central role of mast cells in allergic disease little is known about the effect of lactobacilli on the function of these cells. to address this we assessed changes in rat mast cell activation following oral treatment with a strain of lactobacillus known to attenuate allergic responses in animal models. sprague dawley rats were fed with l. rha ...201222815978
effect of lgg yoghurt on streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus spp. salivary counts in children.the aim of this study was to establish effect of 14 day consumption of commercially available yoghurt containing lactobacillus rhamnosus atcc53103 - lgg (bioaktiv lgg, dukat, croatia) on streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus spp. salivary counts in children. twenty five patients, 6-10 yr old participated in the study. at the inclusion in the study caries risk for every patient was evaluated. the saliva samples were tested with chair side kits for saliva buffer capacity (crt buffer, vivadent, sc ...201222816209
reduction in cholesterol absorption in caco-2 cells through the down-regulation of niemann-pick c1-like 1 by the putative probiotic strains lactobacillus rhamnosus bfe5264 and lactobacillus plantarum nr74 from fermented foods.hypercholesterolaemia is a major risk factor related to atherosclerosis, and it may be influenced by our diet. this study addresses the impact of lactobacillus rhamnosus bfe5264 (isolated from maasai fermented milk) and lactobacillus plantarum nr74 (from korean kimchi) on the control of cholesterol absorption through down-regulation of niemann-pick c1-like 1 (npc1l1) expression. caco-2 enterocytes were treated with the live, heat-killed (hk) bacteria, bacterial cell wall extracts and metabolites ...201322816655
micronutrient supplemented probiotic yogurt for hiv-infected adults taking haart in london, canada.the human immunodeficiency virus has devastating effects worldwide. the burden is less pronounced, but still present in canada where approximately 64,000 men and women are hiv positive. the virus and the life-saving antiretroviral therapies often contribute to diarrhea and other gastrointestinal disturbances. certain probiotic organisms, such as lactobacillus rhamnosus gr-1, have been shown to alleviate diarrhea as well as delay the decline of cd4 lymphocytes in some subjects. in addition, micro ...201422825497
cell-free supernatants from probiotic lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus rhamnosus gg decrease colon cancer cell invasion in vitro.probiotics have been shown to have a preventative role in colorectal carcinogenesis but research concerning their prophylactic potential in the later stages of colorectal cancer, specifically metastasis is limited. this study explored the potential of cell-free supernatants (cfs) from 2 probiotic lactobacillus sp., lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, to inhibit colon cancer cell invasion by influencing matrix metalloproteinase-9 (mmp-9) activity and levels of the tight junction p ...201222830611
cost/benefit of synbiotics in acute infectious gastroenteritis: spend to save.the cost/benefit ratio of probiotics in the ambulatory treatment of acute infectious gastro-enteritis with or without a synbiotic food supplement (containing fructo-oligosaccharides and probiotic strains of streptoccoccus thermophilus, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus acidophilus, bifidobacterium lactis and bifidobacterium infantis) has been studied. 111 children (median age 37 and 43 months for the synbiotic and placebo group, respectively) with acute infectious gastroenteritis were inclu ...201222835702
stimulation of macrophages by immunobiotic lactobacillus strains: influence beyond the intestinal tract.lactobacillus rhamnosus crl1505 (lr1505), l. rhamnosus crl1506 (lr1506) and l. casei crl431 (lc431) are able to stimulate intestinal immunity, but only lr1505 and lc431 are able to stimulate immunity in the respiratory tract. with the aim of advancing the understanding of the immunological mechanisms involved in stimulation of distant mucosal sites, this study evaluated the effects of orally administered probiotics on the functions of alveolar and peritoneal macrophages. compared to a control gr ...201222846065
risks associated with high-dose lactobacillus rhamnosus in an escherichia coli model of piglet diarrhoea: intestinal microbiota and immune imbalances.probiotic could be a promising alternative to antibiotics for the prevention of enteric infections; however, further information on the dose effects is required. in this study, weanling piglets were orally administered low- or high-dose lactobacillus rhamnosus actt 7469 (10(10) cfu/d or 10(12) cfu/d) for 1 week before f4 (k88)-positive escherichia coli challenge. the compositions of faecal and gastrointestinal microbiota were recorded; gene expression in the intestines was assessed by real-time ...201222848393
characterisation of the exopolysaccharide (eps)-producing lactobacillus paraplantarum bgcg11 and its non-eps producing derivative strains as potential probiotics.traditional fermented foods are the best source for the isolation of strains with specific traits to act as functional starters and to keep the biodiversity of the culture collections. besides, these strains could be used in the formulation of foods claimed to promote health benefits, i.e. those containing probiotic microorganisms. for the rational selection of strains acting as probiotics, several in vitro tests have been proposed. in the current study, we have characterized the probiotic poten ...201222858135
lipoteichoic acid from lactobacillus rhamnosus gg as an oral photoprotective agent against uv-induced carcinogenesis.probiotics are live micro-organisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host. cell surface molecules of these micro-organisms are being studied in relation to their ability to interact with the host. the cell wall of lactobacilli possesses lipoteichoic acids (lta) which are molecules with immunomodulatory properties. uv radiation (uvr) has been proposed as the main cause of skin cancer because of its mutagenic and immunosuppressive effects. photoprotection w ...201322874095
evidence of immunomodulatory effects of a novel probiotic, bifidobacterium longum bv. infantis ccug 52486.bifidobacterium longum bv. infantis ccug 52486 was originally isolated from healthy elderly subjects and demonstrated to have particular ecological fitness and anti-pathogenic effects. bifidobacteria are commonly associated with immuno-modulatory properties, especially in older people, but this strain has not been investigated for effects on immune function. this study aimed to explore the immunomodulatory effects of this novel probiotic, compared with three commercial strains, b. longum sp 07/3 ...201222882710
nonpathogenic lactobacillus rhamnosus activates the inflammasome and antiviral responses in human macrophages.in this study, we have utilized global gene expression profiling to compare the responses of human primary macrophages to two closely related, well-characterized lactobacillus rhamnosus strains gg and lc705, since our understanding of the responses elicited by nonpathogenic bacteria in human innate immune system is limited. macrophages are phagocytic cells of the innate immune system that perform sentinel functions to initiate appropriate responses to surrounding stimuli. macrophages that reside ...201722895087
screening of biofilm formation by beneficial vaginal lactobacilli and influence of culture media components.to assess the ability of vaginal lactobacilli to form biofilm under different culture conditions and to determine the relationship between their growth and the capability of biofilm formation by selected strains.201222897406
purification and characterization of a proteinase from the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus oxy.a proteinase produced by the human gastrointestinal isolate lactobacillus rhamnosus strain oxy was identified and characterized. the prtr2 gene coding for proteinase activity was detected in the examined strain. the pcr primers used were constructed on the basis of the sequence of the prtr2 proteinase gene from lactobacillus rhamnosus gg. the enzyme was purified by fast protein liquid chromatography (fplc) using cm-sepharose fast flow and sephacryl s-300 columns. sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacryl ...201222897769
[anti-inflammatory mechanism of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg in lipopolysaccharide- stimulated ht-29 cell].probiotics are live non-pathogenic organisms that belong to the resident microflora, and confer health benefits by multiple mechanisms. lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) is one of the probiotic bacteria that ameliorates intestinal injury and inflammation caused by various stimuli. we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of lgg in lipopolysaccharide (lps)-stimulated ht-29 cells.201222926119
influence of fermentation conditions on the surface properties and adhesion of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg.the surface properties of probiotic bacteria influence to a large extent their interactions within the gut ecosystem. there is limited amount of information on the effect of the production process on the surface properties of probiotic lactobacilli in relation to the mechanisms of their adhesion to the gastrointestinal mucosa. the aim of this work was to investigate the effect of the fermentation ph and temperature on the surface properties and adhesion ability to caco-2 cells of the probiotic s ...201222931558
synbiotic yogurt consumption by healthy adults and the elderly: the fate of bifidobacteria and lgg probiotic strain.synbiotic dietary supplements are used to modulate the intestinal microbiota in adults; however, studies regarding elderly people are limited. the aim of this work is to determine the effect of regular consumption of yogurt containing lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) and the fructooligosaccharide (fos) actilight(®) both in healthy adults and the elderly suffering from constipation. yogurt was administered daily for 4 weeks; faecal samples were collected before starting, after 4-week administrati ...201322946635
genetic mechanisms of variation in erythromycin resistance in lactobacillus rhamnosus strains. 201222948255
the innovative potential of lactobacillus rhamnosus lr06, lactobacillus pentosus lps01, lactobacillus plantarum lp01, and lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii ldd01 to restore the "gastric barrier effect" in patients chronically treated with ppi: a pilot study.gastroesophageal reflux disease is a very widespread condition. in europe, it is estimated that about 175 million people suffer from this disease and have to chronically take drugs to increase gastric ph. the proton pump inhibitors (ppis) such as omeprazole, lansoprazole, and esomeprazole are the most widely used drug typology in this regard. however, the inhibition of normal gastric acid secretion has important side effects, the most important being bacterial overgrowth in the stomach and duode ...201222955351
comparison of the kinetics of intestinal colonization by associating 5 probiotic bacteria assumed either in a microencapsulated or in a traditional, uncoated form.beneficial findings concerning probiotics are increasing day by day. however, one of the most important parameters able to significantly affect the probiotic value of a microorganism is its survival during the transit through the stomach and the duodenum. some techniques may be applied that aim to improve this parameter, but microencapsulation of bacterial cells remains one of the most important. a recent study assessed the kinetics of intestinal colonization by a mixture of 2 probiotic strains, ...201222955366
myosin-cross-reactive antigens from four different lactic acid bacteria are fatty acid hydratases.the 67 kda myosin-cross-reactive antigen (mcra) is a member of the mcra family of proteins present in a wide range of bacteria and was predicted to have fatty acid isomerase function. we have now characterised the catalytic activity of mcras from four lab stains, including lactobacillus rhamnosus lgg, l. plantarum st-iii, l. acidophilus ncfm and bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis bb-12. mcra genes from these strains were cloned and expressed in escherichia coli, and the recombinant protein f ...201322955678
fermentation of sugars and sugar alcohols by plaque lactobacillus strains.the objective was to analyse the ability of lactobacillus strains isolated from supragingival plaque of subjects with hyposalivation and from healthy controls to ferment sugars and sugar alcohols.201322956128
anti-diabetic effects of lactic acid bacteria in normal and type 2 diabetic mice.the antidiabetic effects of lactic acid bacteria were investigated using mice. in experiment 1, normal icr mice were loaded with sucrose or starch with or without viable lactobacillus rhamnosus gg cells. gg significantly inhibited postprandial blood glucose levels when administered with sucrose or starch. in experiment 2, kk-a(y) mice, a model of genetic type 2 diabetes, were given a basal diet containing viable gg cells or viable lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus cells for 6 weeks. vi ...201222962525
metabolic and proteomic adaptation of lactobacillus rhamnosus strains during growth under cheese-like environmental conditions compared to de man, rogosa, and sharpe medium.the aim of this study was to demonstrate the metabolic and proteomic adaptation of lactobacillus rhamnosus strains, which were isolated at different stages of parmigiano reggiano cheese ripening. compared to de man, rogosa, and sharpe (mrs) broth, cultivation under cheese-like conditions (cheese broth, cb) increased the number of free amino acids used as carbon sources. compared with growth on mrs or pasteurized and microfiltrated milk, all strains cultivated in cb showed a low synthesis of d,l- ...201222965658
dietary sugar utilisation by putative oral probiotics.probiotic consumption and repeated probiotic intake have shown promising results as adjunct therapies in prevention and alleviation of some chronic disease conditions in the gastrointestinal tract. recent evidence suggests that probiotics may also be beneficial in preventing oral diseases. an efficient probiotic candidate in the mouth, however, should not impose any risk to oral tissues, such as acid demineralisation of tooth enamel because of sugar fermentation. the aim of the present in vitro ...201222968411
application of whey protein micro-bead coatings for enhanced strength and probiotic protection during fruit juice storage and gastric incubation.coated whey protein micro-beads may improve probiotic protection and provide delayed cell-release mechanisms.201222970750
orally administered lactobacillus rhamnosus modulates the respiratory immune response triggered by the viral pathogen-associated molecular pattern poly(i:c).some studies have shown that probiotics, including lactobacillus rhamnosus crl1505, had the potential to beneficially modulate the outcome of certain bacterial and viral respiratory infections. however, these studies did not determine the mechanism(s) by which probiotics contribute to host defense against respiratory viruses.201222989047
inhibition of fe-induced colon oxidative stress by lactobacilli in mice.iron (fe) can promote hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) and hydroxyl radical generation in the colonic surface and promote growth of fe-dependent bacteria. some lactobacillus strains are resistant to oxygen free-radicals, allowing them to survive in a fe-modulated mucosal environment and influence colon microbial ecology and redox state. here, we investigated the capacity of lactobacilli with different antioxidant abilities to modify the bacterial profile and prevent oxidative stress in the colon of ...201322990462
evaluation of strain-specific primers for identification of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg.lactobacillus rhamnosus strain gg (atcc 53103) is one of the most widely studied and commercialized probiotic strains, and thus strain-specific identification for the strain is highly valuable. in this study, two published pcr-based identification methods for strain gg, a transposase gene-targeting system and a phage-related gene-targeting system, were evaluated. the former produced amplicons from eight of the 41 strains tested and the phage-related system from five of the tested strains, includ ...201223003331
blood folate concentrations analyzed by microbiological assay and chemiluminescent immunoassay methods.a limited number of studies have been available to compare blood folate concentrations by the microbiological assay (ma) method with those using the chemiluminescent immunoassay (clia) method. we compared folate concentrations measured by lactobacillus rhamnosus ma with those measured by clia (access immunoassay systems) in human plasma/serum and erythrocytes pairs (n=35). the mean plasma folate by ma was significantly higher than that by clia (p<0.0001), whereas the mean erythrocyte folate by m ...201223007069
effect of lactobacillus rhamnosus lgg® and bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis bb-12® on health-related quality of life in college students affected by upper respiratory infections.college students are susceptible to upper respiratory infections (uri) due to inadequate sleep, stress and close living quarters. certain probiotic strains modulate immune function and may improve health-related quality of life (hrql) during uri. the present study recruited apparently healthy college students and assessed the effect of probiotics on hrql outcomes (i.e. self-reported duration, symptom severity and functional impairment of uri) in those who developed uri. missed school and work da ...201323020819
lactobacillus rhamnosus accelerates zebrafish backbone calcification and gonadal differentiation through effects on the gnrh and igf systems.endogenous microbiota play essential roles in the host's immune system, physiology, reproduction and nutrient metabolism. we hypothesized that a continuous administration of an exogenous probiotic might also influence the host's development. thus, we treated zebrafish from birth to sexual maturation (2-months treatment) with lactobacillus rhamnosus, a probiotic species intended for human use. we monitored for the presence of l. rhamnosus during the entire treatment. zebrafish at 6 days post fert ...201223029107
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