Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| inhibition of staphylococcus aureus by the commensal bacteria of human milk. | to study the bacterial diversity in expressed human milk with a focus on detecting bacteria with an antimicrobial activity against staphylococcus aureus, known as a causative agent of maternal breast infections and neonatal infections. | 2003 | 12911694 |
| [hepatic abscess and bacteremia due to lactobacillus rhamnosus]. | the incidence of severe infections caused by lactobacillus spp. is very low. this paper reports a case of a liver abscess and bacteremia due to lactobacillus rhamnosus. the patient is a 73 year-old woman with antecedent of diabetes mellitus. she has undergone surgery and received antimicrobial therapy (ampicillin plus gentamicin). the clinical outcome was favorable. | 2003 | 12920992 |
| growth and metabolism of selected strains of probiotic bacteria in milk. | growth and metabolism of five probiotic strains with well-documented health effects were studied in ultra-high temperature (uht) treated milk, supplemented with 0.5% (w/v) tryptone or 0.75% (w/v) fructose. the probiotic strains were lactobacillus acidophilus la5, lb. acidophilus 1748, lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, lactobacillus reuteri sd 2112 and bifidobacterium animalis bb12. fermentation was followed for 72 h at 37 degrees c and the samples were analysed for ph, log cfu ml(-1), volatile compoun ... | 2003 | 12927703 |
| lactobacilli and streptococci induce inflammatory chemokine production in human macrophages that stimulates th1 cell chemotaxis. | macrophages have a central role in innate-immune responses to bacteria. in the present work, we show that infection of human macrophages with gram-positive pathogenic streptococcus pyogenes or nonpathogenic lactobacillus rhamnosus gg enhances mrna expression of inflammatory chemokine ligands ccl2/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (mcp-1), ccl3/macrophage-inflammatory protein-1alpha (mip-1alpha), ccl5/regulated on activation, normal t expressed and secreted, ccl7/mcp-3, ccl19/mip-3beta, and ccl2 ... | 2003 | 12949243 |
| six cases of lactobacillus bacteraemia: identification of organisms and antibiotic susceptibility and therapy. | six cases of bacteraemia in hospitalized patients, 5 with a depressed immune status, were caused by lactobacilli. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of whole-cell proteins and api 50 ch carbohydrate patterns assigned the causative agents to the species lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus curvatus, lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis and lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei. | 2003 | 12953954 |
| binding of extracellular matrix molecules by probiotic bacteria. | the aim of this study was to investigate extracellular matrix (ecm) and mucin binding of selected bacterial isolates with probiotic features in comparison with commercially used probiotic bacteria. | 2003 | 12969498 |
| displacement of bacterial pathogens from mucus and caco-2 cell surface by lactobacilli. | competition, competitive exclusion and displacement of eight strains of escherichia coli and salmonella spp. by lactobacillus rhamnosus gg and lactobacillus casei shirota from adhesion on human intestinal mucus glycoproteins and caco-2 cell surfaces were studied. lactobacilli were able to compete with, exclude and displace pathogenic gastrointestinal (gi) bacteria when they were incubated together, but the degree of inhibition of adhesion was bacterial strain-dependent. competition and exclusion ... | 2003 | 12972590 |
| probiotics, antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and clostridium difficile diarrhoea in humans. | probiotics are living organisms which, when ingested, have a beneficial therapeutic effect. examples are bacteria, especially lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, and the yeast saccharomyces boulardii. controlled trials indicate a benefit of both of these in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. other less effective probiotics are lactinex, enterococcus faecium and bifidobacteria. in the difficult clinical problem of recurrent clostridium difficile disease, s. boulardii as an adjunct to anti ... | 2003 | 14507587 |
| identification and genetic characterization of a novel proteinase, prtr, from the human isolate lactobacillus rhamnosus bgt10. | a novel proteinase, prtr, produced by the human vaginal isolate lactobacillus rhamnosus strain bgt10 was identified and genetically characterized. the prtr gene and flanking regions were cloned and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence of prtr shares characteristics that are common for other cell envelope proteinases (ceps) characterized to date, but in contrast to the other cell surface subtilisin-like serine proteinases, it has a smaller and somewhat different b domain and lacks the helix ... | 2003 | 14532028 |
| immune enhancement in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) by potential probiotic bacteria (lactobacillus rhamnosus). | the present study assessed the immune enhancement of fish by a lactic acid bacterium (lab) lactobacillus rhamnosus (atcc 53103). the bacterium was administered orally at five different doses 7.9 x 10(4) (lab4), 2.1 x 10(6) (lab6), 2.8 x 10(8) (lab8), 1.9 x 10(10) (lab10) and 9.7 x 10(10) (lab11) cfu/g feed to rainbow trout for two weeks and the feed was changed to un-supplemented diet. from the onset of feeding supplemented diets at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks, blood and mucus samples were taken. during ... | 2003 | 14550670 |
| construction and use of a computerized dna fingerprint database for lactic acid bacteria from silage. | efficient selection of new silage inoculant strains from a collection of over 10,000 isolates of lactic acid bacteria (lab) requires excellent strain discrimination. toward that end, we constructed a gelcompar ii database of dna fingerprint patterns of ethidium bromide-stained ecori fragments of total lab dna separated by conventional agarose gel electrophoresis. we found that the total dna patterns were strain-specific; 56/60 american type culture collection strains of 33 species of lab could b ... | 2003 | 14607400 |
| susceptibility of oral bacteria to melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil in vitro. | the in vitro activity of melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil against 161 isolates of oral bacteria from 15 genera was determined. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (mbc) ranged from 0.003 to 2.0% (v/v). mic90 values were 1.0% (v/v) for actinomyces spp., lactobacillus spp., streptococcus mitis and streptococcus sanguis, and 0.1% (v/v) for prevotella spp. isolates of porphyromonas, prevotella and veillonella had the lowest mics and mbcs, and isolates ... | 2003 | 14622345 |
| effects of probiotic therapy on the activity and activation of mild rheumatoid arthritis--a pilot study. | to study the effects of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) on rheumatoid arthritis (ra). | 2003 | 14626627 |
| exopolysaccharide production during batch cultures with free and immobilized lactobacillus rhamnosus rw-9595m. | exopolysaccharides (eps) were produced by lactobacillus rhamnosus rw-9595m during ph-controlled batch cultures with free cells and repeated-batch cultures with cells immobilized on solid porous supports (immobasil). | 2003 | 14633034 |
| vaginal colonization by orally administered lactobacillus rhamnosus gg. | the lack of lactobacilli in the vagina of postmenopausal women due to estrogen deficiency plays an important role in the development of bacteriuria. in the last few years the use of lactobacilli for the prevention of genitourinary infections has been explored using different probiotic strains. | 2003 | 14650098 |
| dichotomy between lactobacillus rhamnosus and klebsiella pneumoniae on dendritic cell phenotype and function. | the reaction of the intestinal immune system to intestinal bacteria shows striking differences between various bacterial strains. whereas klebsiella pneumoniae induces a fierce proinflammatory reaction, the probiotic strain lactobacillus rhamnosus has clear anti-inflammatory effect in gastrointestinal disease and allergy. the molecular basis for this dichotomy is poorly understood but is likely to involve different modulation of antigen-presenting dendritic cells (dc) by l. rhamnosus and k. pneu ... | 2004 | 14673529 |
| prebiotic inulin enriched with oligofructose in combination with the probiotics lactobacillus rhamnosus and bifidobacterium lactis modulates intestinal immune functions in rats. | probiotics (pro) modulate systemic immunity in animals and humans. in contrast, the effects of prebiotics (pre) on systemic and intestinal immunity have not been investigated. whether the combined application of pro and pre [synbiotics (syn)] has synergistic or additive effects is presently unknown. therefore, pro (lactobacillus rhamnosus gg and bifidobacterium lactis bb12), pre (inulin enriched with oligofructose), and syn (combination of pro and pre) were fed to f344 rats for 4 wk as supplemen ... | 2004 | 14704309 |
| binding of aflatoxin b1 to cell wall components of lactobacillus rhamnosus strain gg. | the surface of lactobacillus rhamnosus strain gg (lgg) has previously been shown to bind aflatoxin b(1) (afb(1)) effectively, it being a food-borne carcinogen produced by certain species of aspergillus fungi. to establish which components of the cell envelope are involved in the afb(1) binding process, exopolysaccharides and a cell wall isolate containing peptidoglycan were extracted from lgg and its afb(1) binding properties were tested. lgg was also subjected to various enzymatic and chemical ... | 2004 | 14754638 |
| separation of lactic acid from acetic acid using a four-zone smb. | a simulated moving bed (smb) process has been developed to separate l-(+)-lactic acid from acetic acid, a major impurity in the fermentation broth of lactobacillus rhamnosus. poly(4-vinylpyridine) resin (pvp) was selected as the adsorbent. adsorption isotherms and mass transfer parameters of the organic acids were estimated from single-column frontal tests. experimental results show that the langmuir isotherms obtained from the frontal tests can be used in the design of an smb process to achieve ... | 2004 | 14763841 |
| probiotic effects on experimental graft-versus-host disease: let them eat yogurt. | acute graft-versus-host disease (agvhd) often limits feasibility and outcome of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. current pathophysiologic concepts of agvhd involve conditioning regimens, donor-derived t cells, proinflammatory cytokines, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) as a major trigger for agvhd. lps derives mostly from gram-negative bacteria and can enter circulation through the impaired mucosal barrier after the conditioning regimen. probiotic microorganisms have been shown to a ... | 2004 | 14962899 |
| streptococcus pyogenes and lactobacillus rhamnosus differentially induce maturation and production of th1-type cytokines and chemokines in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. | dendritic cells (dcs) are the most efficient antigen-presenting cells and thus, have a major role in regulating host immune responses. in the present study, we have analyzed the ability of gram-positive, pathogenic streptococcus pyogenes and nonpathogenic lactobacillus rhamnosus to induce the maturation of human monocyte-derived dcs. stimulation of dcs with s. pyogenes resulted in strong expression of dc costimulatory molecules cd80, cd83, and cd86 accompanied with a t helper cell type 1 (th1) c ... | 2004 | 14966192 |
| formulation of low-cost fermentative media for lactic acid production with lactobacillus rhamnosus using vinification lees as nutrients. | lees coming from different steps in white wine and red wine vinification were characterized under physicochemical analyses to determine the content in carbon, nitrogen, ashes, solids in suspension, organic compounds, and minerals. due to the hydrolytic activity of lactobacillus strains, lees without autolysis treatments were used directly as the unique nutrient or in combination with corn steep liquor to carry out the glucose to lactic acid fermentation with lactobacillus rhamnosus cect-288. tim ... | 2004 | 14969534 |
| effect of escherichia coli and lactobacillus rhamnosus on macrophage inflammatory protein 3 alpha, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and transforming growth factor beta release by polarized rat uterine epithelial cells in culture. | entry of bacteria from the vagina into the uterus raises the question of uterine epithelial cell (uec) signaling in response to the presence of bacteria. our model system helps to define microbially elicited uec basolateral cytokine release, important in regulating underlying stromal immune cell protection. uecs from adult rats were grown in cell culture inserts to establish a confluent polarized monolayer as was determined by transepithelial resistance (ter). polarized epithelial cell cultures ... | 2004 | 15039305 |
| production of phenyllactic acid by lactic acid bacteria: an approach to the selection of strains contributing to food quality and preservation. | the ability of lactic acid bacteria (lab) to produce phenyllactic (pla) and 4-hydroxy-phenyllactic (oh-pla) acids, metabolites involved in food quality and preservation, has been evaluated by hplc analysis in 29 lab strains belonging to 12 species widely used in the production of fermented foods. metabolite production was demonstrated for all strains of the species lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus alimentarius, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus sanfranciscensis, lactobacillus hilgardi ... | 2004 | 15063498 |
| administration of oral probiotic bacteria to pregnant women causes temporary infantile colonization. | it is difficult to permanently change the composition of the complex intestinal microflora of the adult. orally administered probiotic bacteria produce only temporary colonization of the intestine in patients with a fully developed gut microflora. the gastrointestinal tract of a healthy fetus is sterile. during the birth process and rapidly thereafter, microbes from the mother and the surrounding environment colonize the gastrointestinal tract until a dense, complex microflora develops. probioti ... | 2004 | 15076629 |
| comparative survival of probiotic lactobacilli spray-dried in the presence of prebiotic substances. | probiotic milk-based formulations were spray-dried with various combinations of prebiotic substances in an effort to generate synbiotic powder products. | 2004 | 15078519 |
| [prophylactic effect of lactobacillus gg in animal colitis and its effect on cytokine secretion and mucin gene expressions]. | lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) has been used in acute colitis treatment. however, it is unclear whether the lgg prevents chronic colitis. the aim of this study was to examine the prophylactic effect of lgg on animal colitis, cytokine secretion, and mucin gene expression. | 2004 | 15100487 |
| delay of the first onset of pouchitis by oral intake of the probiotic strain lactobacillus rhamnosus gg. | proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis is the operation of choice for patients with refractory or fulminant ulcerative colitis. the most common long-term complication in these patients is pouchitis. this study was designed to investigate the efficacy of probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gg in long-term delaying the first onset of pouchitis. | 2004 | 15108026 |
| selection for high-level resistance by chronic triclosan exposure is not universal. | to investigate the effect of triclosan exposure on the antimicrobial susceptibilities of numerically important dental bacteria. | 2004 | 15117935 |
| modified alginate and chitosan for lactic acid bacteria immobilization. | beads with enhanced-stability acid media, which were based on alginate and chitosan functionalized by succinylation (increasing the anionic charges able to retain protons) or by acylation (improving matrix hydrophobicity), were developed for immobilization of bacterial cells. beads (3 mm diameter) formed by ionotropic gelation with cacl(2) presented good mechanical characteristics. after 30 min incubation of viable free lactobacillus rhamnosus cells in simulated gastric fluid (ph 1.5), we notice ... | 2004 | 15154848 |
| effect of preculturing conditions on growth of lactobacillus rhamnosus on medium containing glucose and citrate. | lactobacillus rhamnosus can metabolize citrate through a citrate inducible transport system. the growth curves of l. rhamnosus on medium containing glucose and citrate was found to be highly dependent on preculturing conditions. it exhibited diauxic growth when precultured on glucose, but demonstrated simultaneous consumption when cultured on citrate. the maximum specific growth rate for cells growing on glucose + citrate was 0.38 h-1, which was higher than the growth rate on individual substrat ... | 2004 | 15160605 |
| identification and characterization of the novel lysm domain-containing surface protein sep from lactobacillus fermentum br11 and its use as a peptide fusion partner in lactobacillus and lactococcus. | examination of supernatant fractions from broth cultures of lactobacillus fermentum br11 revealed the presence of a number of proteins, including a 27-kda protein termed sep. the amino-terminal sequence of sep was determined, and the gene encoding it was cloned and sequenced. sep is a 205-amino-acid protein and contains a 30-amino-acid secretion signal and has overall homology (between 39 and 92% identity) with similarly sized proteins of lactobacillus reuteri, enterococcus faecium, streptococcu ... | 2004 | 15184172 |
| the expression of cox2 protein induced by lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, endotoxin and lipoteichoic acid in t84 epithelial cells. | lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (l. rhamnosus gg) possess immunomodulatory effects in the host. in the present study, the effect of l. rhamnosus gg on cyclooxygenase 2 (cox2) expression and its pharmacological control was investigated in human t84 colon epithelial cells. | 2004 | 15189283 |
| chemical moieties and interactions involved in the binding of zearalenone to the surface of lactobacillus rhamnosus strains gg. | viable, heat-and acid-killed lactobacillus rhamnosus strain gg (lgg) has shown high binding properties with zearalenone (zen). to identify the type of chemical moieties and interactions involved in binding with the zen, lgg was subjected to different chemical and enzymatical treatments, prior to the binding experiments. pretreating the viable, heat- and acid-killed bacteria with m-periodate significantly decreased zen binding, suggesting that zen binds predominantly to carbohydrate components. p ... | 2004 | 15237970 |
| lactobacillus gg effect in increasing ifn-gamma production in infants with cow's milk allergy. | probiotic bacteria are potentially beneficial to maturation of the infant's immune system. | 2004 | 15241356 |
| molecular analysis of the microflora associated with dental caries. | molecular techniques have revealed many novel, presumed unculturable, taxa in oral infections. the aim of this study was to characterize the bacterial community of the middle and advancing front of carious dental lesions by cultural and molecular analyses. samples were collected with a hand excavator from five teeth with carious lesions involving dentine. samples were cultured on blood agar and rogosa agar incubated in air plus 5% co(2) and on fastidious anaerobe agar anaerobically. dna was also ... | 2004 | 15243054 |
| lactobacilli for prevention of urogenital infections: a review. | urogenital infections are a worldwide shared problem that represent the most common reason for a woman to decide to visit to gynaecologist or urologist. the origin of the uropathogens in uncomplicated urinary tract infection and bacterial vaginosis is the fecal flora. key element of pathogenesis namely the ability of the pathogens to survive exposure to the microflora that exists on the external urogenitalia, in which lactobacilli predominate. some health food appear to contain > or = 1 common l ... | 2004 | 15267122 |
| nucleic acid-based diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis and improved management using probiotic lactobacilli. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common condition in women that represents an imbalance of the vaginal microflora, lactobacilli depletion, and excess growth of mainly anaerobic gram-negative pathogens. diagnosis is made using a series of tests or a gram stain of a vaginal smear. treatment with antibiotics is quite effective, but recurrences are common. a study of 55 vaginal samples from 11 postmenopausal women showed the presence of bv by the gram stain-based nugent scoring system, and polymerase c ... | 2004 | 15298771 |
| suppression of caries-related microorganisms in dentine lesions after short-term chlorhexidine or antibiotic treatment. | this study investigated the efficiency of a chlorhexidine varnish and an antibiotic paste in suppressing the cultivable microflora of deep dentine cavities in a stepwise excavation procedure. subsequent to enamel preparation and removal of the central biomass, infected dentine was sampled from the cavity floor. ten cavities each were either covered with the 1% chlorhexidine- and 1% thymol-containing varnish cervitec (ce), the demeclocycline hydrocortisone-containing ointment ledermix (le) or rec ... | 2004 | 15316187 |
| development of a novel hand-held immunoassay for the detection of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7. | escherichia coli o157:h7 is an important human pathogen responsible for numerous outbreaks of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome world-wide. a portable detection device is needed for field testing and point-of-care testing. poly(dimethylsiloxane) (pdms) is a solid substrate well suited for adsorption of macromolecules. the purpose of this study was to develop a hand-held enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of e. coli o157:h7 antigens. the prototype consiste ... | 2004 | 15320634 |
| live lactobacillus reuteri is essential for the inhibitory effect on tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced interleukin-8 expression. | the mechanism of the apparent anti-inflammatory action of probiotic organisms is unclear. lactobacillus reuteri is effective in inhibiting colitis in interleukin-10 (il-10)-deficient mice. nerve growth factor (ngf), in addition to its activity on neuronal cell growth, has significant anti-inflammatory effects in several experimental systems in vitro and in vivo, including a model of colitis. our experiments were designed to explore the mechanism of effect of l. reuteri in the human epithelial ce ... | 2004 | 15322027 |
| biofilm growth of lactobacillus species is promoted by actinomyces species and streptococcus mutans. | the ability of oral bacteria to integrate within a biofilm is pivotal to their survival. a dependence on the amount of biofilm growth by noncoaggregating lactobacillus rhamnosus and lactobacillus plantarum on coculture with actinomyces naeslundii, actinomyces gerencseriae, streptococcus mutans and veillonella parvula was investigated using an artificial-mouth culture system. biofilm formation by the lactobacilli in mono-culture was poor. in coculture with actinomyces species the amount of l. rha ... | 2004 | 15327645 |
| joint effect of nitrogen sources and b vitamin supplementation of date juice on lactic acid production by lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus. | the use of date juice as a substrate for lactic acid production was investigated. various nitrogen sources were compared with yeast extract for efficient lactic acid production by lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus. among different nitrogen sources added to date juice (yeast extract, ammonium sulfate, tryptic soy, urea, peptone, and casein hydrolysate), yeast extract was the most efficient. the effect of yeast extract could have been due to its b vitamin content. the addition of five b vitamin ... | 2005 | 15364082 |
| lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus rhamnosus, and lactobacillus zeae isolates identified by sequence signature and immunoblot phenotype. | species taxonomy within the lactobacillus casei group of bacteria has been unsettled. with the goal of helping clarify the taxonomy of these bacteria, we investigated the first 3 variable regions of the 16s rrna gene, the 16s-23s rrna interspacer region, and one third of the chaperonin 60 gene for lactobacillus isolates originally designated as l. casei, l. paracasei, l. rhamnosus, and l. zeae. for each genetic region, a phylogenetic tree was created and signature sequence analysis was done. as ... | 2004 | 15381972 |
| glycerol metabolism of lactobacillus rhamnosus atcc 7469: cloning and expression of two glycerol kinase genes. | lactobacillus rhamnosus atcc 7469 was able to grow in glycerol as the sole source of energy in aerobic conditions, producing lactate, acetate, and diacetyl. a biphasic growth was observed in the presence of glucose. in this condition, glycerol consumption began after glucose was exhausted from the culture medium. glycerol kinase activity was detected in l. rhamnosus atcc 7469, a characteristic of microorganisms which catabolize glycerol in aerobic conditions. genetic analysis revealed that this ... | 2004 | 15383715 |
| evidence on the role of protein biosynthesis in the induction of heat tolerance of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg by pressure pre-treatment. | it was the aim of this work to evaluate, whether and to which extent heat resistance of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg is affected by mild pressure treatments prior to exposure to lethal temperatures, such as during spray-drying. it was observed that cells pressure pre-treated at 100 mpa at 37 degrees c for 10 min showed higher survival than untreated cells when exposed to heat challenge at 60 degrees c. to gain more insights on the cellular mode of action of pressure induced heat tolerance, flow cy ... | 2004 | 15454321 |
| a method for the determination of flux in elementary modes, and its application to lactobacillus rhamnosus. | in this article we address the question of how, given information about the reaction fluxes of a system, flux values can be assigned to the elementary modes of that system. having described a method by which this may be accomplished, we first illustrate its application to a hypothetical, in silico system, and then apply it to fermentation data from lactobacillus rhamnosus. this reveals substantial changes in the flux values assigned to elementary modes, and thus to the internal metabolism, as th ... | 2004 | 15470705 |
| the efficacy and safety of probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gg on prolonged, noninfectious diarrhea in hiv patients on antiretroviral therapy: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. | the aim of this placebo-controlled, crossover study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) in ameliorating gastrointestinal symptoms in hiv-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy. | 2004 | 15472792 |
| rapid identification of probiotic lactobacillus species by multiplex pcr using species-specific primers based on the region extending from 16s rrna through 23s rrna. | this study aimed to develop a novel multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primer set for the identification of seven probiotic lactobacillus species such as lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus delbrueckii, lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus gasseri, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus reuteri and lactobacillus rhamnosus. the primer set, comprising of seven specific and two conserved primers, was derived from the integrated sequences of 16s and 23s rrna genes and their rrna intergenic ... | 2004 | 15476976 |
| comparison of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase gene (fbp) sequences for the identification of lactobacillus rhamnosus. | comparative analysis of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase gene (fbp) sequences was evaluated for the differentiation of reference and clinical strains of lactobacillus rhamnosus. the sequences of 1,971 nucleotides of the fbp gene were determined on both dna strands for 21 l. rhamnosus strains, representing reference, probiotic, and clinical strains. no pcr amplification of the fbp gene was observed for other species of the lactobacillus casei complex (l. casei and l. zeae) or strains of lactobacillus ... | 2004 | 15486704 |
| fecal water genotoxicity is predictive of tumor-preventive activities by inulin-like oligofructoses, probiotics (lactobacillus rhamnosus and bifidobacterium lactis), and their synbiotic combination. | the measurement of fecal water genotoxicity in human colon cells could be a useful biomarker to study effects of diet in the colon. here we assessed aqueous fecal extracts of samples from a chronic study with rats fed prebiotics, probiotics, and their combination. treatments were maltodextrins (controls), inulin/oligofructoses (prebiotic), lactobacillus rhamnosus, and bifidobacterium lactis (probiotics) or both (synbiotic). azoxymethane (aom) was administered to initiate tumors. rat feces were c ... | 2004 | 15489207 |
| alkali-resistant bacteria in root canal systems. | the aim of this study was to isolate and identify alkali-resistant bacteria from the dentin of infected root canals. bacteria from homogenized dentin powder made up from infected root canal walls from human teeth were cultured on buffer-enriched brain heart infusion agar supplemented with 4% sheep blood (bhi-blood agar), adjusted to ph 7.0, 9.0 or 10.0. incubation took place for 7 days at 37 degrees c in an anaerobic glove box. bacterial strains selected according to colony and morphology were s ... | 2004 | 15491465 |
| effect of probiotics on gastrointestinal symptoms and small intestinal permeability in children with atopic dermatitis. | to determine whether probiotic lactobacilli may alleviate small intestinal inflammation and strengthen the intestinal barrier function in children with atopic dermatitis. | 2004 | 15520759 |
| development of culture media containing spent yeast cells of debaryomyces hansenii and corn steep liquor for lactic acid production with lactobacillus rhamnosus. | to develop a cost-effective fermentation medium, biomass of debaryomyces hansenii coming from xylitol production and corn steep liquor was evaluated for lactic acid production by lactobacillus rhamnosus in glucose-containing media. glucose consumption and lactic acid generation were followed using a variety of media made with different nutrient supplementation. under selected conditions, media containing glucose, biomass of d. hansenii and corn steep liquor as unique components led to product yi ... | 2004 | 15527923 |
| immune responses in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss induced by a potential probiotic bacteria lactobacillus rhamnosus jcm 1136. | this study was undertaken to examine the effect of supplementing a suggested probiotic bacteria lactobacillus rhamnosus jcm 1136 in feed on immune response and gut flora composition of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. the probiotic bacteria were incorporated into a commercial feed to constitute two experimental diets containing either 10(9) or 10(11) colony forming unit of live bacteria/g of feed while a third diet without the bacterial supplement served as the control diet. the diets were off ... | 2004 | 15541791 |
| probiotic bacteria stimulate virus-specific neutralizing antibodies following a booster polio vaccination. | orally ingested probiotic bacteria may modulate the immune response and increase antibody titers against enteric infections by bacteria or viruses. even though positive effects of probiotics on respiratory tract infections have been reported, overall only few studies have examined effects on virus infections concerning organs other than the gastrointestinal tract. | 2004 | 15578195 |
| phenotypic differences between commercial lactobacillus rhamnosus gg and l. rhamnosus strains recovered from blood. | the isolation of clinical isolates that are indistinguishable, by molecular methods, from the probiotic strain of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg has been reported. we compared the virulence potential of these clinical isolates with that of the probiotic strain. it was observed that all isolates differed significantly in 1 or more phenotypic properties. | 2004 | 15578412 |
| lactobacillus rhamnosus strain gg is a potential probiotic for calves. | diarrhea is a common occurrence in neonatal calves. several veterinary probiotics claiming to prevent or treat calf diarrhea are available, but have not been well studied. this study assessed the capability of lactobacillus rhamnosus strain gg (lgg) to maintain viability in the gastrointestinal tract of calves. we also determined whether lgg can be administered in an oral rehydration solution (ors) without compromising the efficacy of the ors or the viability of lgg, and whether lgg produces d-l ... | 2004 | 15581218 |
| lactobacillus rhamnosus induces peripheral hyporesponsiveness in stimulated cd4+ t cells via modulation of dendritic cell function. | although it is widely recognized that the intake of so-called probiotic microorganisms is beneficial in chronic mucosal inflammation and topical allergic disease, the immunologic details explaining how such bacteria can exert these effects remain obscure. | 2004 | 15585777 |
| fractionation of cell mixtures using acoustic and laminar flow fields. | a fractionation method applicable to different populations of cells in a suspension is reported. the separation was accomplished by subjecting the suspension to a resonant ultrasonic field and a laminar flow field propagating in orthogonal directions within a thin, rectangular chamber. steady, laminar flow transports the cell suspension along the chamber, while the ultrasonic field causes the suspended cells to migrate to the mid-plane of the chamber at rates related to their size and physical p ... | 2005 | 15593262 |
| quantification by real-time pcr of lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris in milk fermented by a mixed culture. | during cheese making, interactions between different strains of lactic acid bacteria play an important role. however, few methods are available to specifically determine each bacterial population in mixed cultures, in particular for strains of the same species. the aim of this study was to develop a real-time pcr quantification method to monitor the population of lactococcus cremoris atcc 19257 in mixed culture with lactobacillus rhamnosus rw-9595m and the bacteriocin-producing microorganism lc. ... | 2004 | 15599522 |
| succinate production and citrate catabolism by cheddar cheese nonstarter lactobacilli. | to identify strains of cheddar cheese nonstarter lactobacilli that synthesize succinate from common precursors and characterize the biochemical pathways utilized. | 2005 | 15610413 |
| intestinal immunity of rats with colon cancer is modulated by oligofructose-enriched inulin combined with lactobacillus rhamnosus and bifidobacterium lactis. | probiotics (pro) are known to modulate immunity in animals and human subjects and to inhibit colon carcinogenesis in experimental models, but the effects of synbiotics (syn) are not well understood. therefore, the effects of pro (lactobacillus rhamnosus gg and bifidobacterium lactis bb12), pre (inulin-based enriched with oligofructose, 100 g/kg) and syn (combination of pro and pre) on the immune system of rats were investigated in the azoxymethane (aom)-induced colon cancer model. after 33 weeks ... | 2004 | 15613255 |
| ccl20/macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha and tumor necrosis factor alpha production by primary uterine epithelial cells in response to treatment with lipopolysaccharide or pam3cys. | having previously shown that ccl20/macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha and tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) are released by polarized primary rat uterine epithelial cells (uec) in response to escherichia coli but not to lactobacillus rhamnosus, we sought to determine if epithelial cells are responsive to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamp), including lipopolysaccharide (lps), lipoteichoic acid (lta), and pam(3)cys, a bacterial lipoprotein analog. epithelial cells were grown t ... | 2005 | 15618187 |
| growth and exopolysaccharide production during free and immobilized cell chemostat culture of lactobacillus rhamnosus rw-9595m. | biomass and exopolysaccharide (eps) production were studied during chemostat cultures in whey permeate medium with lactobacillus rhamnosus rw-9595m-free cells and cells immobilized on solid porous supports (immobasil). | 2005 | 15659181 |
| strong immunostimulation in murine immune cells by lactobacillus rhamnosus gg dna containing novel oligodeoxynucleotide pattern. | whole cells, cell wall components and some soluble factors from lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) are known to invoke immune responses as they interact with animal and human immune cells. in the present study, we found that chromosomal dna from lgg is a potent inducer of splenic b cell proliferation, cd86/cd69 expression and cytokine production in mice. in the genomic dna of lgg we discovered tttcgttt oligodeoxynucleotide (odn) id35, which has a potent activity in a number of immunostimulatory as ... | 2005 | 15679843 |
| antibiotic susceptibility profiles of new probiotic lactobacillus and bifidobacterium strains. | the antimicrobial susceptibilities and presence of plasmids in four new probiotic lactic acid bacteria (lab) strains, lactobacillus rhamnosus hn001 (dr20) hn067, lactobacillus acidophilus hn017 and bifidobacterium lactis hn019 (dr10), were determined. resistance to 18 commonly used antibiotics was assessed by disk diffusion. the three lactobacillus strains had similar antibiotic susceptibility profiles to those of lactobacillus plantarum strain hn045 and two commercial probiotic lactobacillus st ... | 2005 | 15681048 |
| bile salt and acid tolerance of lactobacillus rhamnosus strains isolated from parmigiano reggiano cheese. | this study aimed to compare phenotypic and genetic characteristics of lactobacillus rhamnosus strains isolated at the end of the ripening of parmigiano reggiano cheese and to investigate an important prerequisite of probiotic interest, such as the capability to survive at low ph and in presence of bile salts. the use of api 50 ch, rapd-pcr analysis and species-specific pcr allowed to ascertain the identity of 63 l. rhamnosus strains. three l. rhamnosus strains isolated from parmigiano reggiano c ... | 2005 | 15727832 |
| adhesion of bacteria to resected human colonic tissue: quantitative analysis of bacterial adhesion and viability. | adhesion to the intestinal mucosa is considered to be one of the main selection criteria of lactic acid bacteria for probiotic use. adhesive probiotics are, for example, considered to provide better antagonism against pathogenic bacteria when compared to non-adhesive strains. here a new model is described for studying adhesion and interaction of probiotic and pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal mucus in which the intestinal microbiota is present. the model is based on the use of human intestin ... | 2005 | 15748990 |
| lactobacillus rhamnosus gg bacteremia associated with probiotic use in a child with short gut syndrome. | probiotic agents are increasingly used for the treatment and prevention of a variety of infectious and inflammatory conditions. they are generally safe, but complications of probiotic use can occur. in this report, we describe bacteremia after ingestion of a lactobacillus rhamnosus gg probiotic tablet in a child with short gut syndrome. we used sequencing of the ribosomal operon region and strain typing with pulsed field electrophoresis of the isolates to show identity between the tablet and blo ... | 2005 | 15750472 |
| effect of lactobacillus rhamnosus ky-3 and cellobiose as synbiotics on lipid metabolism in rats. | lactobacillus rhamnosus ky-3 is a fermentative bacterium that is used for the industrial production of l-lactic acid. we have examined the effect of l. rhamnosus ky-3 and cellobiose as synbiotics on lipid metabolism in rats. rats were fed on a 20% casein diet (c) supplemented with either 1.7% l. rhamnosus ky-3 (ky-3), 10% cellobiose (ceb), or 1.7% l. rhamnosus ky-3 and 10% cellobiose (ky-3+ceb) for 13 d. the concentrations of serum total lipids, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, and phospholip ... | 2004 | 15754493 |
| [the effect of galla chinensis on the growth of cariogenic bacteria in vitro]. | the purples of this study was to investigate the role of different components of galla chinensis extract on the growth of 6 kinds of cariogenic bacteria, and to find out the most effective components of galla chinensis extract. | 2005 | 15804032 |
| a dynamic model that simulates the human upper gastrointestinal tract for the study of probiotics. | a dynamic model of the human upper gastrointestinal (gi) tract was designed to better simulate conditions of ingestion and digestion, by including a food matrix as part of the model design. the dynamic model consisted of two reactors maintained at 37 degrees c, one simulating stomach conditions and the other simulating duodenum conditions. the model was tested by comparing survival of bacteria isolated from humans (bifidobacterium infantis, lactobacillus johnsonii, lactobacillus rhamnosus, and l ... | 2005 | 15808363 |
| characterization of a mobile clpl gene from lactobacillus rhamnosus. | two genes encoding clpl atpase proteins were identified in a probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus strain, e-97800. sequence analyses revealed that the genes, designated clpl1 and clpl2, share 80% identity. the clpl2 gene showed the highest degree of identity (98.5%) to a clpl gene from lactobacillus plantarum wcfsi, while it was not detected in three other l. rhamnosus strains studied. according to northern analyses, the expression of clpl1 and the clpl2 were induced during heat shock by > 20- and ... | 2005 | 15812039 |
| tylosin-responsive chronic diarrhea in dogs. | fourteen dogs had shown chronic or intermittent diarrhea for more than 1 year. diarrhea had been successfully treated with tylosin for at least 6 months but recurred when treatment was withdrawn on at least 2 occasions. tylosin-responsive diarrhea (trd) affects typically middle-aged, large-breed dogs and clinical signs indicate that trd affects both the small and large intestine. treatment with tylosin eliminated diarrhea in all dogs within 3 days and in most dogs within 24 hours. tylosin admini ... | 2005 | 15822561 |
| application of a microplate scale fluorochrome staining assay for the assessment of viability of probiotic preparations. | cell viability in probiotic preparations is traditionally assessed by the plate count technique. additionally, fluorescent staining combined with epifluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry has been developed for the viability assessment, but the currently available assays are either laborious or require highly sophisticated equipment. the aim of this study was to investigate the applicability of a microplate scale fluorochrome assay for predicting the cell state of freeze-dried lactobacillus r ... | 2005 | 15823392 |
| adherence and colonization properties of lactobacillus rhamnosus tb1, a broiler chicken isolate. | selected lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolated from intestinal tract of chicken have been studied in order to investigate their ability to adhere in vitro to basement membrane matrigel (bmm). a selected strain showing a good adherence in bmm test was used for in vivo colonization assays. | 2005 | 15836745 |
| probiotic supplementation improves tolerance to helicobacter pylori eradication therapy--a placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized pilot study. | h. pylori is the major cause of chronic gastritis, and a risk factor for peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. | 2005 | 15882248 |
| rapid identification of dairy lactic acid bacteria by m13-generated, rapd-pcr fingerprint databases. | about a thousand lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolated from dairy products, especially cheeses, were identified and typed by species-specific pcr and rapd-pcr, respectively. rapd-pcr profiles, which were obtained by using the m13 sequence as a primer, allowed us to implement a large database of different fingerprints, which were analysed by bionumerics software. cluster analysis of the combined rapd-pcr fingerprinting profiles enabled us to implement a library, which is a collection of library uni ... | 2005 | 15893395 |
| amelioration of the effects of citrobacter rodentium infection in mice by pretreatment with probiotics. | citrobacter rodentium is a naturally occurring murine pathogen that causes colonic epithelial-cell hyperplasia, disrupts the colonic mucosa, and elicits a predominantly t helper 1 cellular immune response; it thereby serves as a model for the study of mechanisms of disease induced by human attaching-effacing pathogens. we sought to determine whether pretreatment of mice with a mixture of lactobacillus rhamnosus and l. acidophilus probiotics would attenuate c. rodentium-induced colonic disease in ... | 2005 | 15897997 |
| [inhibitor effect of vaginal lactobacilli on group b streptococci]. | neonatal group b streptococcal (gbs) infections are one of the important health problems because of their high mortality and morbidity rates in certain countries. there are some preventive approaches, including perinatal antibiotic therapy against these infections. recently, vaccination with conjugated gbs polysaccharides has also been practised. in this study, the in vitro inhibitory effects of 51 lactobacilli (of them 50 were purified from vaginal swabs, 1 from a commercial vaginal tablet) on ... | 2005 | 15900833 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of lactobacillus and bifidobacterium species from the human gastrointestinal tract. | one hundred and twenty-two strains of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus species have been tested against 12 antibiotics and two antibiotic mixtures by a commercial system (sensititre anaero3; treck diagnostic systems). the upper limits of some minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) were completed on mrs agar plates by the nccls procedure. all strains were sensitive to chloramphenicol and imipenem and most of the strains were resistant to metronidazole. bifidobacteria isolates were susceptible ... | 2005 | 15902467 |
| strain-specific effects of probiotics on gut barrier integrity following hemorrhagic shock. | probiotic therapy modulates the composition of the intestinal flora and inhibits the inflammatory response. these properties may be of benefit in the preservation of gut barrier integrity after injury or stress. in this study, we examined the effect of two lactobacillus strains selected for their pathogen exclusion properties on intestinal barrier integrity following hemorrhagic shock. additionally, the responsiveness of the macrophage cell line raw 264.7 to combined exposure to lactobacillus dn ... | 2005 | 15908398 |
| removal of the cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-lr by human probiotics. | three human probiotics, lactobacillus rhamnosus strains gg and lc-705, and bifidobacterium lactis strain bb12, were found to bind the cyanobacterial peptide toxin microcystin-lr from water solutions. the highest removal percentage was 46%, observed with heat-treated l. rhamnosus strain gg (10(10) cells/ml) and a microcystin-lr concentration of 0.5 microg/ml during an incubation of 7 h at 35 degrees c. | 2005 | 15922388 |
| screening of potential lactobacilli antigenotoxicity by microbial and mammalian cell-based tests. | antigenotoxicity is considered an important property for probiotic lactobacilli. the ability of non probiotic lactobacilli from dairy products and starters to inhibit two reference genotoxins: 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide and n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine was evaluated. the study was carried out using short-term assays with different targets, such as procaryotic cells (sos-chromotest for genotoxicity in escherichia coli and ames test for mutagenicity in salmonella typhimurium) and eucaryotic ... | 2005 | 15925000 |
| survival of probiotic lactobacilli in acidic environments is enhanced in the presence of metabolizable sugars. | lactobacillus rhamnosus gg is an industrially significant probiotic strain with proven health benefits. in this study, the effect of glucose on l. rhamnosus gg survival was analyzed in simulated gastric juice at ph 2.0. it was found that the presence of 19.4 mm glucose resulted in up to 6-log10-enhanced survival following 90 min of exposure. further work with dilute hcl confirmed that glucose was the sole component responsible. comparative analysis with other lactobacillus strains revealed that ... | 2005 | 15933002 |
| comparative analysis of the exopolysaccharide biosynthesis gene clusters from four strains of lactobacillus rhamnosus. | the exopolysaccharide (eps) biosynthesis gene clusters of four lactobacillus rhamnosus strains consist of chromosomal dna regions of 18.5 kb encoding 17 orfs that are highly similar among the strains. however, under identical conditions, eps production varies considerably among these strains, from 61 to 1611 mg l(-1). fifteen genes are co-transcribed starting from the first promoter upstream of wzd. nevertheless, five transcription start sites were identified by 5'-race pcr analysis, and these w ... | 2005 | 15941992 |
| different cytokine response of primary colonic epithelial cells to commensal bacteria. | to determine if primary murine colonic epithelial cells (cec) respond to commensal bacteria and discriminate between different types of bacteria. | 2005 | 15948242 |
| microarray analysis and motif detection reveal new targets of the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium hila regulatory protein, including hila itself. | dna regulatory motifs reflect the direct transcriptional interactions between regulators and their target genes and contain important information regarding transcriptional networks. in silico motif detection strategies search for dna patterns that are present more frequently in a set of related sequences than in a set of unrelated sequences. related sequences could be genes that are coexpressed and are therefore expected to share similar conserved regulatory motifs. we identified coexpressed gen ... | 2005 | 15968047 |
| complete genomic sequence of the temperate bacteriophage phiat3 isolated from lactobacillus casei atcc 393. | the complete genomic sequence of a temperate bacteriophage phiat3 isolated from lactobacillus (lb.) casei atcc 393 is reported. the phage consists of a linear dna genome of 39,166 bp, an isometric head of 53 nm in diameter, and a flexible, noncontractile tail of approximately 200 nm in length. the number of potential open reading frames on the phage genome is 53. there are 15 unpaired nucleotides at both 5' ends of the phiat3 genome, indicating that the phage uses a cos-site for dna packaging. t ... | 2005 | 15975621 |
| alive and dead lactobacillus rhamnosus gg decrease tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced interleukin-8 production in caco-2 cells. | certain probiotic bacteria show anti-inflammatory activity after being heat killed, whereas others do not, suggesting that the gastrointestinal environment may alter the activity of probiotic bacteria. occasionally, probiotics are provided when a patient is also being treated with oral antibiotics; this may have an effect on the probiotic activity. we hypothesized that lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) are capable of downregulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnfalpha)-induced interleukin (il)-8 ... | 2005 | 15987860 |
| optimization of medium composition for the production of a probiotic microorganism, lactobacillus rhamnosus, using response surface methodology. | this study was undertaken to optimize yeast extract, glucose, and vitamin concentrations; and also culture ph for maximizing the growth of a probiotic bacterium, lactobacillus rhamnosus, and to assess the effects of these factors by using response surface methodology. a central composite design was used as an experimental design for the allocation of treatment combinations. a polynomial regression model with cubic and quartic terms was used for analysis of the experimental data. it was found tha ... | 2005 | 15992613 |
| cellular injuries upon exposure of escherichia coli and lactobacillus rhamnosus to high-intensity ultrasound. | to examine cellular injuries occurring in cells of escherichia coli (gram-negative bacteria) and lactobacillus rhamnosus (gram-positive bacteria) in response to a high-intensity ultrasound treatment using classical plate count technique and flow cytometry. | 2005 | 16033457 |
| complexity of vaginal microflora as analyzed by pcr denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis in a patient with recurrent bacterial vaginosis. | gardnerella vaginalis has long been the most common pathogen associated with bacterial vaginosis (bv). we aimed to test our hypothesis that symptoms and signs of bv do not necessarily indicate colonization by this organism, and often will not respond to standard metronidazole or clindamycin treatment. | 2005 | 16040324 |
| immunostimulatory probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus hn001 and bifidobacterium lactis hn019 do not induce pathological inflammation in mouse model of experimental autoimmune thyroiditis. | the possibility that intestinal microflora contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases has raised issues regarding the safety of probiotic organisms, especially those with immunostimulating properties, in individuals with such immune dysfunctions. in this study, the effect of consumption of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (lab) strains lactobacillus rhamnosus hn001(hn001) and bifidobacterium lactis hn019 (hn019) on the induction and progression of experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (ea ... | 2005 | 16084270 |
| study of adhesion and survival of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria on table olives with the aim of formulating a new probiotic food. | with the aim of developing new functional foods, a traditional product, the table olive, was used as a vehicle for incorporating probiotic bacterial species. survival on table olives of lactobacillus rhamnosus (three strains), lactobacillus paracasei (two strains), bifidobacterium bifidum (one strain), and bifidobacterium longum (one strain) at room temperature was investigated. the results obtained using a selected olive sample demonstrated that bifidobacteria and one strain of l. rhamnosus (la ... | 2005 | 16085808 |
| dna-based classification and sequence heterogeneities in the 16s rrna genes of lactobacillus casei/paracasei and related species. | the sequence differences within the 16s rrna genes of lactobacillus casei/paracasei and related species, lactobacillus zeae and lactobacillus rhamnosus, were investigated. thirty-seven strains of mostly human or cheese origin were grouped by restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) of the total chromosomal dna and by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (ttge) of pcr-amplified 16s rrna gene fragments. rea verified that all strains were genomically unique and singled out three major c ... | 2005 | 16094870 |
| probiotics: a new treatment for antibiotic-associated diarrhea? | 2005 | 16110220 | |
| use of antisense rna to modulate glycosyltransferase gene expression and exopolysaccharide molecular mass in lactobacillus rhamnosus. | discovery of gene function requires inactivation in order to demonstrate the effect of the absence of gene expression on cell phenotype. as gene inactivation can be lethal, such mutations are often unattainable. antisense rna provides a method of reducing transcript and protein levels without totally inactivating the targeted gene, thus providing information on the gene's possible function. this study demonstrates the use of antisense rna to modulate polysaccharide size in lactobacillus rhamnosu ... | 2006 | 16112763 |
| is lactobacillus rhamnosus gg effective in preventing the onset of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea: a systematic review. | to evaluate the efficacy of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. | 2005 | 16113542 |