Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| testing different forms of regulation of yolk thyroid hormone transfer in pied flycatchers. | hormones transferred from mothers to their offspring are considered a maternal tool to prepare progeny for expected environmental conditions, increasing maternal and offspring fitness. to flexibly influence offspring, mothers should be able to transmit the hormonal signals independent of their own hormonal status. however, the ability to regulate hormone transfer to the next generation is under debate. we studied the transfer of thyroid hormones (ths) to eggs in a bird model. we elevated thyroxi ... | 2020 | 32978314 |
| testing for context-dependent effects of prenatal thyroid hormones on offspring survival and physiology: an experimental temperature manipulation. | maternal effects via hormonal transfer from the mother to the offspring provide a tool to translate environmental cues to the offspring. experimental manipulations of maternally transferred hormones have yielded increasingly contradictory results, which may be explained by differential effects of hormones under different environmental contexts. yet context-dependent effects have rarely been experimentally tested. we therefore studied whether maternally transferred thyroid hormones (ths) exert co ... | 2020 | 32884067 |
| heritability of the extra-pair mating behaviour of the pied flycatcher in western siberia. | males and females take part in extra-pair copulations in most socially monogamous bird species. the mechanisms leading to the frequent occurrence of extra-pair offspring in socially monogamous couples are strongly debated and unresolved, and they are often difficult to distinguish from one another. most hypotheses explaining the evolution of extra-pair reproduction suggest selective and adaptive scenarios for their origination and persistence. is extra-pair paternity a heritable trait? we evalua ... | 2020 | 32821536 |
| electron microscopy study of the central retinal fovea in pied flycatcher: evidence of a mechanism of light energy transmission through the retina. | we present unique ultrastructural data on avian retinal cells. presently and earlier (zueva et al., 2016) we explored distribution of intermediate filaments (ifs) in retinal cells of the pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca, passeriformes, aves) in the central foveolar zone. this retinal zone only contains single and double cone photoreceptors. previously we found that continuous ifs span müller cells (mc) lengthwise from the retinal inner limiting membrane (ilm) layer up to the outer limiting me ... | 2020 | 32566783 |
| carcinogenic and teratogenic status of human population and polychlorinated biphenyls contaminations of soils and biota (european pied flycatcher) in a perm (western ural, russia). | polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) are included in the persistent organic pollutants designated by the stockholm convention and are hazardous compounds both for the environment and public health. the aim of this study was to determine the level of environmental pollution of pcbs in the perm, in soil and biota (european pied flycatcher), and to analyze whether its presence was the cause of cancer and congenital malformations in the population. soils in the study area had pcb concentrations of 101.8 ... | 2020 | 32557128 |
| manipulation of prenatal thyroid hormones does not affect growth or physiology in nestling pied flycatchers. | hormones transferred from mothers to their offspring are thought to be a tool for mothers to prepare their progeny for expected environmental conditions, thus increasing fitness. thyroid hormones (ths) are crucial across vertebrates for embryonic and postnatal development and metabolism. yet yolk ths have mostly been ignored in the context of hormone-mediated maternal effects. in addition, the few studies on maternal ths have yielded contrasting results that could be attributed to either species ... | 2020 | 32412834 |
| weather effects on breeding parameters of two insectivorous passerines in a polluted area. | direct and indirect effects of environmental pollution affect negatively to birds' breeding performance in both urban and industrial environments, but much less is known on how pollution and natural stress factors work together. in our long-term study (1991-2018), we explored whether industrial pollution and associated habitat changes increase the sensitivity of breeding parameters (hatching and fledging success, nestling growth) to temperature and precipitation in two insectivorous bird species ... | 2020 | 32375066 |
| information collected during the post-breeding season guides future breeding decisions in a migratory bird. | breeding habitat choice and investment decisions are key contributors to fitness in animals. density of individuals is a well-known cue of habitat quality used for future breeding decisions, but accuracy of density cues decreases as individuals disperse from breeding sites. used nests remain an available information source also after breeding season, but whether such information is used for breeding decisions is less well known. we experimentally investigated whether migratory, cavity-nesting pi ... | 2020 | 32162073 |
| female oxidative status in relation to calcium availability, metal pollution and offspring development in a wild passerine. | both ca deficiency and metal exposure may affect physiological and nutritional condition of breeding females altering their ability to deposit essential resources (e.g. ca, antioxidants) into the eggs. this effect of the maternal investment into egg quality is not strictly limited to the embryonic period, but may persist after hatching, since nutrient levels in yolks can compromise nestling antioxidant status, growth and fledging success. the goal of this study was to investigate how metal pollu ... | 2020 | 31991347 |
| experimental study of the effect of preen oil against feather bacteria in passerine birds. | avian plumage harbors various pathogens such as feather-degrading bacteria, which have the potential to reduce host fitness. a growing body of evidence suggests that the secretion of the uropygial gland of birds-preen oil-acts as one of the first lines of defence against harmful bacteria. however, previous studies on the antimicrobial impact of preen oil have yielded controversial results. the impact of preen oil on bacterial densities of feathers was experimentally investigated in two passerine ... | 2020 | 31980936 |
| variation in parasitoidism of protocalliphora azurea (diptera: calliphoridae) by nasonia vitripennis (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) in spain. | parasitoid wasps may act as hyperparasites and sometimes regulate the populations of their hosts by a top-down dynamic. nasonia vitripennis (walker, 1836) is a generalist gregarious parasitoid that parasitizes several host flies, including the blowfly protocalliphora hough, 1899 (diptera, calliphoridae), which in turn parasitizes bird nestlings. nonetheless, the ecological factors underlying n. vitripennis prevalence and parasitoidism intensity on its hosts in natural populations are poorly unde ... | 2020 | 31786698 |
| availability of specific prey types impact pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) nestling health in a moderately lead contaminated environment in northern sweden. | anthropogenic metal contamination can cause increased stress in exposed organisms, but it can be difficult to disentangle the anthropogenic influence from natural variation in environmental conditions. in the proximity of a closed lead (pb)/zinc (zn) mine in northern sweden, the health effects of pb exposure, essential element (calcium [ca] and zn) uptake, and prey availability and composition were estimated on pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) nestlings, using hemoglobin (hb) level as a prox ... | 2020 | 31753628 |
| plastic but repeatable: rapid adjustments of mitochondrial function and density during reproduction in a wild bird species. | most of the energy fluxes supporting animal performance flow through mitochondria. hence, inter-individual differences in performance might be rooted in inter-individual variations in mitochondrial function and density. furthermore, because the energy required by an individual often changes across life stages, mitochondrial function and density are also expected to show within-individual variation (i.e. plasticity). no study so far has repeatedly measured mitochondrial function and density in th ... | 2019 | 31718511 |
| evolutionary response to climate change in migratory pied flycatchers. | climate change is rapidly advancing spring phenology [1-3] but at different rates in different species [1, 4]. whether these advances are solely driven by phenotypic plasticity [2, 5] or also involve evolution is hotly debated (e.g., [5-7]). in some species, including avian long-distance migrants, plastic responses to early springs may be constrained by inherited circannual timing programs [8, 9], making evolutionary adjustment the only viable mechanism for keeping pace with shifting phenology [ ... | 2019 | 31668621 |
| impact of continuous predator threat on telomere dynamics in parent and nestling pied flycatchers. | in addition to direct mortality, predators can have indirect effects on prey populations by affecting prey behaviour or physiology. for example, predator presence can increase stress hormone levels, which can have physiological costs. stress exposure accelerates the shortening of telomeres (i.e. the protective caps of chromosomes) and shorter telomeres have been linked to increased mortality risk. however, the effect of perceived predation risk on telomeres is not known. we investigated the effe ... | 2019 | 31612326 |
| maternal food supplementation and perceived predation risk modify egg composition and eggshell traits but not offspring condition. | mothers may vary resource allocation to eggs and embryos, which may affect offspring fitness and prepare them for future environmental conditions. the effects of food availability and predation risk on reproduction have been extensively studied, yet their simultaneous impacts on reproductive investment and offspring early life conditions are still unclear. we experimentally manipulated these key environmental elements using a 2×2 full factorial design in wild, free-living pied flycatchers (ficed ... | 2019 | 31548290 |
| timing manipulations reveal the lack of a causal link across timing of annual-cycle stages in a long-distance migrant. | organisms need to time their annual-cycle stages, like breeding and migration, to occur at the right time of the year. climate change has shifted the timing of annual-cycle stages at different rates, thereby tightening or lifting time constraints of these annual-cycle stages, a rarely studied consequence of climate change. the degree to which these constraints are affected by climate change depends on whether consecutive stages are causally linked (scenario i) or whether the timing of each stage ... | 2019 | 31413104 |
| experimentally flight-impaired females show higher levels of extra-pair paternity in the pied flycatcher ficedula hypoleuca. | there is no consensus yet on the reasons why females engage in extra-pair copulations (epcs). in some species, females have been shown to accrue some indirect benefits, but these effects are not consistent across species and studies. the sexual conflict hypothesis posits that extra-pair paternity (epp) is the result of strong selection for male pursuit of epc without real benefits for females. in order to test this hypothesis, we experimentally reduced wing area (reversibly tying together some p ... | 2019 | 31387473 |
| short-term, but not long-term, increased daytime workload leads to decreased night-time energetics in a free-living song bird. | reproduction is energetically expensive and to obtain sufficient energy, animals can either alter their metabolic system over time to increase energy intake (increased-intake hypothesis) or reallocate energy from maintenance processes (compensation hypothesis). the first hypothesis predicts a positive relationship between basal metabolic rate (bmr) and energy expenditure (dee) because of the higher energy demands of the metabolic system at rest. the second hypothesis predicts a trade-off between ... | 2019 | 31278130 |
| a songbird compensates for wing molt during escape flights by reducing the molt gap and increasing angle of attack. | during molt, birds replace their feathers to retain feather quality and maintain flight performance. however, wing gaps inherent of this process can also reduce flight capacities, which could be detrimental when foraging or escaping predators. still, many bird species will not cease their normal activities when molting. in this study, we investigated whether and how birds adjust their escape flight behavior to compensate for the reduction in performance when flying with wing gaps. using stereosc ... | 2019 | 31085600 |
| repeated stimulation of the pituitary-adrenal axis alters offspring phenotype of a wild passerine. | prolonged stress can have long-lasting effects on an individual's physiology and growth. however, the impact of chronically elevated glucocorticoids on the expression of early antipredator responses is still poorly documented. in this study, i simulated the effect of repeated acute stress on offspring phenotype in free-living pied flycatchers (ficedula hypoleuca) by administering adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth) to nestlings for 6 days. the results showed that frequent induction of stress resp ... | 2019 | 31053648 |
| experimental evidence of non-random nest material selection in pied flycatchers. | nest building is a taxonomically widespread behaviour that consists of the construction of a suitable receptacle with collected materials for the incubation of eggs and sometimes for the raising of offspring. the use of specific nest materials has important fitness consequences for avian parents and offspring because they help to determine the thermal, parasitic and bacterial environment within nests and may also influence parental investment via intraspecific signalling. however, we presently k ... | 2019 | 31014981 |
| elevated oxidative stress in pied flycatcher nestlings of eumelanic foster fathers under low rearing temperatures. | striking variation in melanin coloration within natural populations is likely due to the different fitness outcomes of alternative phenotypes in varying environmental conditions. there are two types of melanin: eumelanins yield blackish hues, whereas pheomelanins yield reddish hues. the production of eumelanins requires low levels of glutathione (gsh), which is the most important intracellular antioxidant, whereas the production of pheomelanins requires high levels of gsh. we investigated the ox ... | 2019 | 30819723 |
| climate change may affect fatal competition between two bird species. | climate warming has altered phenologies of many taxa [1, 2], but the extent differs vastly between [3, 4] and within trophic levels [5-7]. differential adjustment to climate warming within trophic levels may affect coexistence of competing species, because relative phenologies alter facilitative and competitive outcomes [8, 9], but evidence for this is scant [10, 11]. here, we report on two mechanisms through which climate change may affect fatal interactions between two sympatric passerines, th ... | 2019 | 30639109 |
| genotype-free estimation of allele frequencies reduces bias and improves demographic inference from radseq data. | restriction-site associated dna sequencing (radseq) facilitates rapid generation of thousands of genetic markers at relatively low cost; however, several sources of error specific to radseq methods often lead to biased estimates of allele frequencies and thereby to erroneous population genetic inference. estimating the distribution of sample allele frequencies without calling genotypes was shown to improve population inference from whole genome sequencing data, but the ability of this approach t ... | 2019 | 30633448 |
| interspecific transfer of parasites following a range-shift in ficedula flycatchers. | human-induced climate change is expected to cause major biotic changes in species distributions and thereby including escalation of novel host-parasite associations. closely related host species that come into secondary contact are especially likely to exchange parasites and pathogens. both the enemy release hypothesis (where invading hosts escape their original parasites) and the novel weapon hypothesis (where invading hosts bring new parasites that have detrimental effects on native hosts) pre ... | 2018 | 30598810 |
| diversity of social-genetic relationships in the socially monogamous pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) breeding in western siberia. | we explored the genetic background of social interactions in two breeding metapopulations of the pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) in western siberia. in 2005, we sampled blood from birds breeding in study areas located in the city of tomsk and in a natural forest 13 km southward of tomsk (western siberia, russia). we sampled 30 males, 46 females, 268 nestlings (46 nests) in the urban settlement of pied flycatcher, and 232 males, 250 females, 1,485 nestlings (250 nests) in the woodland plot. ... | 2018 | 30564520 |
| interspecific information on predation risk affects nest site choice in a passerine bird. | breeding site choice constitutes an important part of the species niche. nest predation affects breeding site choice, and has been suggested to drive niche segregation and local coexistence of species. interspecific social information use may, in turn, result in copying or rejection of heterospecific niche characteristics and thus affect realized niche overlap between species. we tested experimentally whether a migratory bird, the pied flycatcher ficedula hypoleuca, collects information about ne ... | 2018 | 30514204 |
| the songs of male pied flycatchers: exploring the legacy of the fathers. | singing is a key element of songbirds' behavioral repertoire, particularly for males, which sing during the breeding season to defend resources against other males and to attract females. different song traits may convey honest information about males' qualities or conditions, which may be used by females to select their mates. traits under strong sexual selection have an important component of additive genetic variation (i.e., the main genetic inheritance from parents), and so relatively high h ... | 2018 | 30083477 |
| leaves, berries and herbivorous larvae of bilberry vaccinium myrtillus as sources of metals in food chains at a cu-ni smelter site. | ericaceous dwarf shrubs, such as bilberry, vaccinium myrtillus, have an important role in nutrient cycling of boreal forests, but in metal polluted environments they also form a link between heavy metal pool of the soil, primary consumers and upper trophic levels. from the viewpoint of metal transfer in a food chain, we document metallic element (as, ca, cd, co, cu, mn, mo, ni, pb, se, zn) concentrations in leaves, berries and herbivorous larvae of v. myrtillus around a finnish copper-nickel sme ... | 2018 | 30048938 |
| variation of lymphoid activity in the spleen of a migratory bird, the pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca; aves, passeriformes). | the size and microscopic structure of the spleen of the migratory pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) show marked changes during the reproductive cycle. upon the spring return to their northern breeding sites, the birds have a small spleen with little lymphoid activity and a poorly developed red pulp. during the breeding period the volume of red and white pulp increases, the number and distinctness of lymphoid follicles (germinal centres) in the white pulp increase, and groups of cells with int ... | 1985 | 30016847 |
| feasibility of sun and magnetic compass mechanisms in avian long-distance migration. | birds use different compass mechanisms based on celestial (stars, sun, skylight polarization pattern) and geomagnetic cues for orientation. yet, much remains to be understood how birds actually use these compass mechanisms on their long-distance migratory journeys. here, we assess in more detail the consequences of using different sun and magnetic compass mechanisms for the resulting bird migration routes during both autumn and spring migration. first, we calculated predicted flight routes to de ... | 2018 | 29992024 |
| difference in plasticity of resting metabolic rate - the proximate explanation to different niche breadth in sympatric ficedula flycatchers. | variation in relative fitness of competing recently formed species across heterogeneous environments promotes coexistence. however, the physiological traits mediating such variation in relative fitness have rarely been identified. resting metabolic rate (rmr) is tightly associated with life history strategies, thermoregulation, diet use, and inhabited latitude and could therefore moderate differences in fitness responses to fluctuations in local environments, particularly when species have adapt ... | 2018 | 29760898 |
| sex-specific associations between telomere dynamics and oxidative status in adult and nestling pied flycatchers. | oxidative stress can contribute to an acceleration of telomere erosion, leading to cellular senescence and aging. increased investment in reproduction is known to accelerate senescence, generally resulting in reduced future reproductive potential and survival. to better understand the role played by oxidative status and telomere dynamics in the conflict between maintenance and reproduction, it is important to determine how these factors are related in parents and their offspring. we investigated ... | 2018 | 29547348 |
| nest site preference depends on the relative density of conspecifics and heterospecifics in wild birds. | social learning allows animals to eavesdrop on ecologically relevant knowledge of competitors in their environment. this is especially important when selecting a habitat if individuals have relatively little personal information on habitat quality. it is known that birds can use both conspecific and heterospecific information for social learning, but little is known about the relative importance of each information type. if provided with the choice between them, we expected that animals should c ... | 2017 | 29270207 |
| climate change leads to differential shifts in the timing of annual cycle stages in a migratory bird. | shifts in reproductive phenology due to climate change have been well documented in many species but how, within the same species, other annual cycle stages (e.g. moult, migration) shift relative to the timing of breeding has rarely been studied. when stages shift at different rates, the interval between stages may change resulting in overlaps, and as each stage is energetically demanding, these overlaps may have negative fitness consequences. we used long-term data of a population of european p ... | 2018 | 29211325 |
| haemoparasites of the pied flycatcher: inter-population variation in the prevalence and community composition. | the prevalence and community composition of haemoparasites can substantially differ among avian host populations, which may lead to different selection pressures. therefore, information about these parameters is crucial for understanding, e.g. the inter-population variation in host life history traits. here, we molecularly screened a population of a long-distance migrant, the pied flycatcher ficedula hypoleuca, from central poland for the presence of three genera of blood parasites: haemoproteus ... | 2018 | 29113599 |
| evaluating blood and excrement as bioindicators for metal accumulation in birds. | birds are widely used to assess metal contamination in the environment and there are different approaches to determine the exposure level in individuals, some being destructive (collection of soft tissues) and some non-destructive (blood, feathers and excrement). the use of blood to detect internal concentrations of metals is an acknowledged method, but to what extent blood can predict the concentrations in soft tissues has been less well evaluated in wild terrestrial birds. the same is true for ... | 2018 | 29050729 |
| the widespread biting midge culicoides impunctatus (ceratopogonidae) is susceptible to infection with numerous haemoproteus (haemoproteidae) species. | haemoproteus parasites are widespread, and some species cause disease in wild and domestic birds. however, the insect vectors remain unknown for the majority of species and genetic lineages of avian haemoproteus. this information is crucial for better understanding the biology of haemoproteids, the epidemiology of haemoproteosis, and the development of morphological characters of sporogonic stages in wildlife haemosporidian parasites. it remains unclear whether the specificity of haemoproteus pa ... | 2017 | 28841905 |
| advancement of spring arrival in a long-term study of a passerine bird: sex, age and environmental effects. | in migratory birds, mistimed arrival might have negative consequences for individual fitness, causing population declines. this may happen if arrival time is not synchronized with breeding time, especially when earlier springs favour earlier reproduction. we studied spring arrival time to the breeding areas in a pied flycatcher ficedula hypoleuca population in southern norway during a 30-year period (1985-2014). we investigated trends in arrival both for the entire population and for different p ... | 2017 | 28756488 |
| oxidative status in relation to metal pollution and calcium availability in pied flycatcher nestlings - a calcium manipulation experiment. | metal exposure can produce oxidative stress by disrupting the prooxidant/antioxidant balance. it has been suggested that calcium (ca) may provide protection against metal toxicity in the organism. the objective of this study is to explore the effects of ca availability and metal pollution on oxidative stress biomarkers in pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) nestlings. for this purpose, we performed a ca-supplementation experiment with birds inhabiting a ca-poor and metal-polluted area in sw fin ... | 2017 | 28623803 |
| plumage color is a condition-dependent sexual trait in male pied flycatchers. | 1992 | 28568657 | |
| population divergence in sexual ornaments: the white forehead patch of norwegian pied flycatchers is small and unsexy. | models of sexual selection suggest that populations may easily diverge in male secondary sexual characters. studies of a spanish population of the pied flycatcher, ficedula hypoleuca, and a swedish population of the closely related collared flycatcher, f. albicollis, have indicated that the white forehead patch of males is a sexually selected trait. we studied the white forehead patch of male pied flycatchers (n = 487) in a norwegian population over seven years. males with large forehead patches ... | 1999 | 28565517 |
| maternal effects and the pervasive impact of nestling history on egg size in a passerine bird. | environmental conditions experienced during ontogeny may have important and permanent consequences for life-history traits of individuals. the aim of this work was to determine whether conditions experienced during early life, as expressed by prefledgling condition, have any bearing on the volume of eggs subsequently laid by females in a small passerine bird species, the pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca). i first show a genetic influence on egg volume by dam-offspring regression. the existenc ... | 1999 | 28565183 |
| evolution of plumage color in male pied flycatchers (ficedula hypoleuca): evidence for female mimicry. | we present the first evidence for sexual deception by female mimicry in birds. using live, caged birds we show that territorial male pied flycatchers behave aggressively toward bright-colored males but display sexually toward female-like male intruders. we also show that the males that are fooled are those that lack recent sexual experience. all male pied flycatchers are dull-colored in winter. it is possible that young males are more constrained during the spring molt than older males since the ... | 1991 | 28564056 |
| heritability and selection on tarsus length in the pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca). | the heritability estimate (±se) for tarsus length in the pied flycatcher is 0.53 ± 0.10, based on mother-offspring regressions. the heritability is almost the same (0.50 ± 0.22) for offspring transferred to other nests and reared by foster parents, whereas there is no resemblance (0.04 ± 0.23) between the offspring and their foster mothers. hence, the nest environment does not affect parent-offspring resemblance. however, a full-sib correlation yields an estimate of the heritability twice as hig ... | 1986 | 28556344 |
| effects of latitude on the trade-off between reproduction and moult: a long-term study with pied flycatcher. | long-distance migratory passerine birds are generally time constrained by reproduction and moult, which need to be completed before migration. breeding and post-nuptial moult may overlap especially under time-constrained conditions (northern latitudes). here, we analysed the timing of adult moult in relation to latitude, timing of breeding and reproductive effort in pied flycatchers (ficedula hypoleuca) breeding in four widely separated populations (40-68° n). in males but not females, the propo ... | 2001 | 28547598 |
| interactions between hemoparasite status and female age in the primary reproductive output of pied flycatchers. | the relationship between hemoparasite infection (measured just after egg laying) and primary reproductive output (laying date, clutch size and egg volume) was studied in female pied flycatchers, ficedula hypoleuca, of different ages (2 years old vs. 4 or more years old). the hemoparasite (haemoproteus balmorali and trypanosoma spp.) prevalence increased with advancing female age. h. balmorali-infected females initiated egg laying earlier and laid larger clutches. there was no evidence that infec ... | 2001 | 28547446 |
| are incubation costs in female pied flycatchers expressed in humoral immune responsiveness or breeding success? | although clutch size variation has been a key target for studies of avian life history theory, most empirical work has only focused on the ability of parents to raise their altricial young. in this study, we test the hypothesis that costs incurred during incubation may be an additional factor constraining clutch size in altricial birds. in the pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca), we manipulated the incubation effort of the female by enlarging and reducing clutch sizes. to manipulate incubation ... | 2002 | 28547142 |
| reproductive character displacement of female, but not male song discrimination in an avian hybrid zone. | divergence of male sexual signals and female preferences for those signals often maintains reproductive boundaries between closely related, co-occurring species. however, contrasting sources of selection, such as interspecific competition, can lead to weak divergence or even convergence of sexual signals in sympatry. when signals converge, assortative mating can be maintained if the mating preferences of females diverge in sympatry (reproductive character displacement; rcd), but there are few ex ... | 2017 | 28493350 |
| nosy neighbours: large broods attract more visitors. a field experiment in the pied flycatcher, ficedula hypoleuca. | life is uncertain. to reduce uncertainty and make adaptive decisions, individuals need to collect information. individuals often visit the breeding sites of their conspecifics (i.e., "prospect"), likely to assess conspecifics' reproductive success and to use such information to identify high-quality spots for future breeding. we investigated whether visitation rate by prospectors and success of visited sites are causally linked. we manipulated the reproductive success (enlarged, reduced, and con ... | 2017 | 28331976 |
| ectoparasites, nest site choice and breeding success in the pied flycatcher. | it has recently been suggested that nest box studies might bias the measurement of behavioural and life-history traits, because the removal of old nests may reduce the load of ectoparasites. this experimental artefact may have notable effects on nest site choice and breeding success in cavity-breeding birds. we tested (i) if pied flycatchers ficedula hypoleuca prefer clean nest boxes and (ii) if old nest material affects the number of parasites and the breeding success of pied flycatchers. in th ... | 1994 | 28313971 |
| blood parasites and male fitness in the pied flycatcher. | in vertebrates the effect of parasites on host ecology has almost been ignored. recently the view that well-adapted parasites do not harm their hosts has been challenged and there is growing evidence that parasites do have a present-day effect on a great variety of host fitness components. the pied flycatcher is a small migratory passcrine bird. any decrease in condition caused by disease should affect its ability to cope with physical demands of migration. here we examine whether blood parasite ... | 1993 | 28313657 |
| nesting holes and food supply in relation to forest bird densities on islands and mainland. | bird densities were estimated on 41 small islands and two mainland plots at a south swedish lake both in 1976 and 1983. in the latter year, three additional plots were also censused. the ratio between combined densities of hole-nesting birds on the mainland and on islands was 3:1 both in plots without and with nest boxes. in plots with boxes combined densities of hole-nesting birds doubled compared with control plots. this increase was caused by a tenfold increase of pied flycatcher ficedula hyp ... | 1985 | 28310792 |
| heterospecific attraction and food resources in migrants' breeding patch selection in northern boreal forest. | we studied experimentally how heterospecific attraction may affect habitat selection of migrant passerine birds in finnish lapland. we manipulated the densities of resident tit species (parus spp.). in four study plots residents were removed before the arrival of the migrants in the first study year, and in four other plots their densities were increased by releasing caught individuals. in the second year the treatments of the areas were reversed, allowing paired comparisons within each plot. we ... | 1998 | 28308463 |
| environmental and genetic variation in the haematocrit of fledgling pied flycatchers ficedula hypoleuca. | we report a field study of the haematocrit of pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) nestlings when close to fledging. first a descriptive study was conducted of both fledgling and adult haematocrit over 2 years to analyse correlates of variation in this trait. then a swapping experiment was performed to see whether variation among fledglings had a measurable genetic component. average fledgling haematocrits were lower than those of their male and female parents. intraclass correlations among sibs ... | 1999 | 28308040 |
| trade-off between reproduction and moult - a comparison of three fennoscandian pied flycatcher populations. | organisms that reproduce at high latitudes are assumed to have evolved several adaptations to the short summer. for birds, and especially for long-distance migrants, there is a time constraint because both reproduction and moult must be completed before autumn migration. it has therefore been assumed that birds at northern latitudes must initiate their moult during reproduction more often than birds at low latitudes. to investigate how passerine birds breeding at different latitudes allocate the ... | 1998 | 28307916 |
| growth and mortality of nestling great tits (parus major) and pied flycatchers (ficedula hypoleuca) in a heavy metal pollution gradient. | we studied nestling growth, growth abnormalities, mortality and breeding success of two hole-nesting passerines, the great tit (parus major) and the pied fly-catcher (ficedula hypoleuca), at 14 study sites around a copper smelter complex in harjavalta, south-west finland in 1991-1993. the main pollutants in the area are heavy metals and sulphuric oxides. exposure of birds to heavy metals was shown by measuring their faecal concentrations. copper, nickel and lead contents of nestling faeces were ... | 1996 | 28307795 |
| large brood sizes of pied flycatcher, sparrowhawk and goshawk in peak microtine years: support for the mast depression hypothesis. | the mast depression hypothesis (mdh) proposes that cyclic population fluctuations of microtines and other herbivores are an effect of cyclic seed cropping of plants. this is because high seed crops, termed masts, are produced at the expense of chemical defence against herbivores. it has generally been assumed that bird-hunting raptors produce high numbers of offspring when microtine prey are abundant because of reduced competition from generalist predators. however, this may also be caused by hi ... | 1998 | 28307513 |
| heritability estimates and maternal effects on tarsus length in pied flycatchers, ficedula hypoleuca. | tarsus length has previously been shown to have an additive genetic component in some pied flycatcher populations. in addition to estimation of additive genetic variation by means of repeatability analyses at various ontogenetic stages and degrees of genetic resemblance, we explore in this paper variation among parent-offspring regressions between sexes and years, as well as the influence of hatching date, ectoparasite abundance, egg volume, and male and female condition on the tarsus length of ... | 1994 | 28307018 |
| egg shell quality, clutch size and hatching success of the great tit (parus major) and the pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) in an air pollution gradient. | egg shell thickness, egg volume, clutch size and hatching success of parus major and ficedula hypoleuca were studied at 14 study sites around a copper smelter complex in harjavalta, south-west finland, in 1991-1993. in 1991-1992 unhatched eggs were collected to measure shell quality. f. hypoleuca was more susceptible to pollutants than p. major, the response of which was weaker in all aspects studied. egg shells of f. hypoleuca were about 17% thinner and eggs were about 8% smaller in volume near ... | 1995 | 28306842 |
| experimentally induced clutch size enlargements affect reproductive success in the pied flycatcher. | we performed a food provisioning experiment in a population of pied flycatchers ficedula hypoleuca breeding at high altitude in central spain to test if food availability before and during laying determines clutch size. food was provided to one of two pairs with the same date of initiation of nest-building (15 dyads of subsequently reproducing pairs were thus created). food provisioning began on the day of initiation of nest-building and ended on the day after the last egg was laid. although lay ... | 1995 | 28306830 |
| competitor phenology as a social cue in breeding site selection. | predicting habitat quality is a major challenge for animals selecting a breeding patch, because it affects reproductive success. breeding site selection may be based on previous experience, or on social information from the density and success of competitors with an earlier phenology. variation in animal breeding phenology is often correlated with variation in habitat quality. generally, animals breed earlier in high-quality habitats that allow them to reach a nutritional threshold required for ... | 2017 | 28118482 |
| vitamin profiles in two free-living passerine birds under a metal pollution gradient - a calcium supplementation experiment. | vitamin and carotenoid deficiency may impair development in free-living vertebrates, because of the importance of these micronutrients to growth, antioxidant defense and calcium regulation. micronutrient and calcium insufficiency can be intensified by metal pollution which can interfere with nutrient homeostasis or indirectly reduce food availability. furthermore, absorption of dietary heavy metals is dependent on food calcium and vitamin levels. we investigated the effect of calcium on plasma v ... | 2017 | 28068581 |
| african departure rather than migration speed determines variation in spring arrival in pied flycatchers. | properly timed spring migration enhances reproduction and survival. climate change requires organisms to respond to changes such as advanced spring phenology. pied flycatchers ficedula hypoleuca have become a model species to study such phenological adaptations of long-distance migratory songbirds to climate change, but data on individuals' time schedules outside the breeding season are still lacking. using light-level geolocators, we studied variation in migration schedules across the year in a ... | 2017 | 27726147 |
| telomere damage and redox status alterations in free-living passerines exposed to metals. | telomere length may reflect the expected life span and possibly individual quality. environmental stressors are known to increase oxidative stress and accelerate telomere attrition: however the interactions between redox status and telomere dynamics are not fully understood. we investigated whether exposure to heavy metal pollution is associated with oxidative stress and telomere damage in two insectivorous passerines, the great tit (parus major) and the pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca). we ... | 2017 | 27693158 |
| climate change relaxes the time constraints for late-born offspring in a long-distance migrant. | animals in seasonal environments need to fit their annual-cycle stages, such as moult and migration, in a tight schedule. climate change affects the phenology of organisms and causes advancements in timing of these annual-cycle stages but not necessarily at the same rates. for migratory birds, this can lead to more severe or more relaxed time constraints in the time from fledging to migration, depending on the relative shifts of the different stages. we tested how a shift in hatch date, which ha ... | 2016 | 27655765 |
| interspecific variation in the relationship between clutch size, laying date and intensity of urbanization in four species of hole-nesting birds. | the increase in size of human populations in urban and agricultural areas has resulted in considerable habitat conversion globally. such anthropogenic areas have specific environmental characteristics, which influence the physiology, life history, and population dynamics of plants and animals. for example, the date of bud burst is advanced in urban compared to nearby natural areas. in some birds, breeding success is determined by synchrony between timing of breeding and peak food abundance. pert ... | 2016 | 27547364 |
| natal habitat imprinting counteracts the diversifying effects of phenotype-dependent dispersal in a spatially structured population. | habitat selection may have profound evolutionary consequences, but they strongly depend on the underlying preference mechanism, including genetically-determined, natal habitat and phenotype-dependent preferences. it is known that different mechanisms may operate at the same time, yet their relative contribution to population differentiation remains largely unexplored empirically mainly because of the difficulty of finding suitable study systems. here, we investigate the role of early experience ... | 2016 | 27503506 |
| phenological mismatch and ontogenetic diet shifts interactively affect offspring condition in a passerine. | climate change may cause phenological asynchrony between trophic levels, which can lead to mismatched reproduction in animals. although indirect effects of mismatch on fitness are well described, direct effects on parental prey choice are not. moreover, direct effects of prey variation on offspring condition throughout their early development are understudied. here, we used camera trap data collected over 2 years to study the effects of trophic mismatch and nestling age on prey choice in pied fl ... | 2016 | 27263989 |
| [wulst activation in pied flycatcher nestlings in feeding behavior induced by patterned visual stimulus]. | immunohistochemical detection of c-fos was used to study the transcriptional activation in two higher visual centers (wulst area and entopallium) of 12-day-old pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) during the realization of feeding behavior guided by patterned visual stimulus, simulating the species-specific one. activation was compared in 4 groups of nestlings. control group was not subjected to any experimental influence. in binocular, right-field (deprivation of the left eye) and left-filed (d ... | 2016 | 27263277 |
| carry-over effects of conditions at the wintering grounds on breeding plumage signals in a migratory bird: roles of phenotypic plasticity and selection. | to understand the consequences of ever-changing environment on the dynamics of phenotypic traits, distinguishing between selection processes and individual plasticity is crucial. we examined individual consistency/plasticity in several male secondary sexual traits expressed during the breeding season (white wing and forehead patch size, uv reflectance of white wing patch and dorsal melanin coloration) in a migratory pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) population over an 11-year period. furtherm ... | 2016 | 27159261 |
| climate adaptation and speciation: particular focus on reproductive barriers in ficedula flycatchers. | climate adaptation is surprisingly rarely reported as a cause for the build-up of reproductive isolation between diverging populations. in this review, we summarize evidence for effects of climate adaptation on pre- and postzygotic isolation between emerging species with a particular focus on pied (ficedula hypoleuca) and collared (ficedula albicollis) flycatchers as a model for research on speciation. effects of climate adaptation on prezygotic isolation or extrinsic selection against hybrids h ... | 2016 | 27087843 |
| oxidative stress in early life: associations with sex, rearing conditions, and parental physiological traits in nestling pied flycatchers. | conditions experienced during juvenile development can affect the fitness of an organism. during early life, oxidative stress levels can be particularly high as a result of the increased metabolism and the relatively immature antioxidant system of the individual, and this may have medium- and long-term fitness consequences. here we explore variation in levels of oxidative stress measured during early life in relation to sex, rearing conditions (hatching date and brood size), and parental conditi ... | 2017 | 27082719 |
| alternate non-stop migration strategies of pied flycatchers to cross the sahara desert. | each year more than two billion songbirds cross the sahara, but how they perform this formidable task is largely unknown. using geolocation tracks from 27 pied flycatchers, a nocturnally migrating passerine, we show that most birds made diurnal flights in both autumn and spring. these diurnal flights were estimated to be part of non-stop flights of mostly 40-60 h. in spring, birds flew across the sahara, while autumn migration probably circumpassed part of the desert, through a long oversea flig ... | 2016 | 27072404 |
| predator encounters have spatially extensive impacts on parental behaviour in a breeding bird community. | predation risk has negative indirect effects on prey fitness, partly mediated through changes in behaviour. evidence that individuals gather social information from other members of the population suggests that events in a community may impact the behaviour of distant individuals. however, spatially wide-ranging impacts on individual behaviour caused by a predator encounter elsewhere in a community have not been documented before. we investigated the effect of a predator encounter (hawk model pr ... | 2016 | 27030411 |
| effects of experimental calcium availability and anthropogenic metal pollution on eggshell characteristics and yolk carotenoid and vitamin levels in two passerine birds. | the maternal investment into egg quality depends on the condition of the female, the quality of the mate, and the quality of the environment. in that sense, availability of nutrients and exposure to pollutants are essential parameters to consider. the main aim of this study is to assess the effects of calcium (ca) availability and anthropogenic metal pollution on early-stage reproduction in two passerine species, great tits (parus major) and pied flycatchers (ficedula hypoleuca), inhabiting a ca ... | 2016 | 26943740 |
| effects of calcium supplementation on growth and biochemistry in two passerine species breeding in a ca-poor and metal-polluted area. | several studies provide evidence of calcium (ca)-limited reproduction in birds. a ca-supplementation experiment was carried out in 2014 in a ca-poor area associated with metal pollution in sw finland. we aimed to evaluate the relationship between ca availability and heavy metal exposure in free-living passerines, and to compare ca levels in plasma and feces and the effects of ca supplementation and metals on breeding, nestling growth, and plasma biochemistry in great tits and pied flycatchers. a ... | 2016 | 26856860 |
| species and abundance of ectoparasitic flies (diptera) in pied flycatcher nests in fennoscandia. | birds host several ectoparasitic fly species with negative effects on nestling health and reproductive output, and with the capability of transmitting avian blood parasites. information on the abundance and distribution of the ectoparasitic fly genera ornithomya (hippoboscidae) and protocalliphora (calliphoridae) in northern europe is still generally poor, and we thus explored their geographic range and occurrence of these flies in the nests of a common avian model species, the pied flycatcher f ... | 2015 | 26691851 |
| hormonally-mediated maternal effects in birds: lessons from the flycatcher model system. | maternal effects are a crucial mechanism in many taxa in generating phenotypic variation, affecting offspring development and fitness and thereby potentially adapting them to their expected environments. androgen hormones in bird eggs have attracted considerable interest in past years, and it is frequently assumed that their concentrations in eggs are shaped by darwinian selection. currently, however, the data is scattered over species with very different life-history strategies, environments an ... | 2015 | 26393309 |
| isospora serinuse n. sp. (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) from a domestic canary (serinus canaria forma domestica) (passeriformes: fringillidae) in western australia. | a new species, isospora serinuse n. sp., (apicomplexa:eimeriidae) is described from a single domestic canary (serinus canaria forma domestica) (subspecies s. c. domestica) in western australia. sporulated oocysts of isospora serinuse n. sp. are spherical or subspherical, 25.5 (24.4-27.0) × 23.5 (22.0-24.8) μm, with a shape index (length/width) of 1.09; and a smooth bilayered oocyst wall, 1.2 μm thick (outer layer 0.9 μm, inner 0.3 μm). a polar granule is present, but a micropyle and oocyst resid ... | 2015 | 26325434 |
| nest-dwelling ectoparasites reduce antioxidant defences in females and nestlings of a passerine: a field experiment. | ectoparasites may imply a cost in terms of oxidative stress provoked by inflammatory responses in hosts. ectoparasites may also result in costs for nestlings and brooding females because of the direct loss of nutrients and reduced metabolic capacity resulting from parasite feeding activities. these responses may involve the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that may induce oxidative damage in host tissues. our goal was to examine the effect of ectoparasites in terms of oxidative ... | 2015 | 25920904 |
| natural selection for earlier male arrival to breeding grounds through direct and indirect effects in a migratory songbird. | for migratory birds, the earlier arrival of males to breeding grounds is often expected to have fitness benefits. however, the selection differential on male arrival time has rarely been decomposed into the direct effect of male arrival and potential indirect effects through female traits. we measured the directional selection differential on male arrival time in the pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) using data from 6 years and annual number of fledglings as the fitness proxy. using structura ... | 2015 | 25859326 |
| effects of spring temperatures on the strength of selection on timing of reproduction in a long-distance migratory bird. | climate change has differentially affected the timing of seasonal events for interacting trophic levels, and this has often led to increased selection on seasonal timing. yet, the environmental variables driving this selection have rarely been identified, limiting our ability to predict future ecological impacts of climate change. using a dataset spanning 31 years from a natural population of pied flycatchers (ficedula hypoleuca), we show that directional selection on timing of reproduction inte ... | 2015 | 25848856 |
| polymorphism at the clock gene predicts phenology of long-distance migration in birds. | dissecting phenotypic variance in life history traits into its genetic and environmental components is at the focus of evolutionary studies and of pivotal importance to identify the mechanisms and predict the consequences of human-driven environmental change. the timing of recurrent life history events (phenology) is under strong selection, but the study of the genes that control potential environmental canalization in phenological traits is at its infancy. candidate genes for circadian behaviou ... | 2015 | 25780812 |
| effects of nocturnal illumination on life-history decisions and fitness in two wild songbird species. | the effects of artificial night lighting on animal behaviour and fitness are largely unknown. most studies report short-term consequences in locations that are also exposed to other anthropogenic disturbance. we know little about how the effects of nocturnal illumination vary with different light colour compositions. this is increasingly relevant as the use of led lights becomes more common, and led light colour composition can be easily adjusted. we experimentally illuminated previously dark na ... | 2015 | 25780240 |
| long-term recovery of clutch size and egg shell quality of the pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) in a metal polluted area. | we explored if breeding parameters and egg shell quality of an insectivorous passerine, pied flycatcher ficedula hypoleuca, have fully recovered after c.a. 99% decrease in dust emissions from a non-ferrous smelter in the course of the 23 year study period. some potentially important population characteristics (density, phenology, age) and environmental variables (habitat, inter-specific competition) were taken into account in the analysis. we found marked increase in reproductive parameters (egg ... | 2015 | 25756228 |
| [visual input affects the expression of the early genes c-fos and zenk in auditory telencephalic centers of pied flycatcher nestlings during the acoustically-guided freezing]. | the present study analyzed expression of transcriptional factors c-fos and zenk in 9-day-old pied flycatcher nestlings' (ficedula hypoleuca) telencephalic auditory centers (field l, caudomedial nidopallium and caudomedial mesopallium) involved in the acoustically-guided defense behavior. species-typical alarm call was presented to the young in three groups: 1--intact group (sighted control), 2--nestlings visually deprived just before the experiment for a short time (unsighted control) 3--nestlin ... | 2015 | 25723019 |
| sympatric divergence and clinal variation in multiple coloration traits of ficedula flycatchers. | geographic variation in phenotypes plays a key role in fundamental evolutionary processes such as local adaptation, population differentiation and speciation, but the selective forces behind it are rarely known. we found support for the hypothesis that geographic variation in plumage traits of the pied flycatcher ficedula hypoleuca is explained by character displacement with the collared flycatcher ficedula albicollis in the contact zone. the plumage traits of the pied flycatcher differed strong ... | 2015 | 25683091 |
| temporal trends in metal pollution: using bird excrement as indicator. | past mining and smelting activities have resulted in metal polluted environments all over the world, but long-term monitoring data is often scarce, especially in higher trophic levels. in this study we used bird (parus major and ficedula hypoleuca) excrement to monitor metal pollution in the terrestrial environment following 16 years of continuously reduced emissions from a copper/nickel smelter in finland. in the early 1990s, lead and cadmium concentrations dropped significantly in excrement, b ... | 2015 | 25680108 |
| manipulation of parental effort affects plumage bacterial load in a wild passerine. | it has been suggested that plumage microorganisms play an important role in shaping the life histories of wild birds. some bacteria may act as pathogens or cause damage to feathers, and thereby reduce individual fitness. intense parental care in birds can result in a reduction of self-maintenance and preening behavior in parents and therefore might affect the dynamics of microbiota living on their feathers. however, experimental evidence of this relationship is virtually absent. we manipulated t ... | 2015 | 25663331 |
| a review on exposure and effects of arsenic in passerine birds. | arsenic (as) is a metalloid of high concern because of its toxic effects for plants and animals. however, it is hard to find information on this metalloid in passerines. this review presents a comprehensive overview of as exposure and effects in birds, and more particularly in passerines, as a result of an extensive search of the literature available. internal tissues are the most frequently analyzed matrices for as determination in passerines (37.5% of the reviewed studies used internal tissues ... | 2015 | 25644847 |
| [cardioelectrical field on the body surface of newborn nestlings of the pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) at the period of initial atrial activity]. | by electrocardiotopographic method the dynamics of electrical field has been studied on the body surface of newborn nestlings of the pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) at the period of atrial depolarization. on the body surface there have been revealed two shifts of zones of positive and negative cardiopotentials of the heart electrical field, which are due to peculiarities of sequence of atrial depolarization, anatomical immaturity of atrial structures. and the oresence of closed foramen oval ... | 2014 | 25508939 |
| [cardioelectrical field on the body surface of newborn nestlings of the pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) at the period of initial atrial activity]. | by electrocardiotopographic method the dynamics of electrical field has been studied on the body surface of newborn nestlings of the pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) at the period of atrial depolarization. on the body surface there have been revealed two shifts of zones of positive and negative cardiopotentials of the heart electrical field, which are due to peculiarities of sequence of atrial depolarization, anatomical immaturity of atrial structures. and the oresence of closed foramen oval ... | 2014 | 25486808 |
| host specificity of a bird-specialised endophilic ectoparasite, the tree-hole tick ixodes arboricola. | host specialisation in parasites can be due to either limited exposure or limited adaptation to different host types. when the first barrier is lifted experimentally, the degree of adaptive specialisation can be studied. the tree-hole tick ixodes arboricola is an endophilic parasite with a narrow host range, found in nest boxes used mainly by great and blue tits (parus major, cyanistes caeruleus) and to a lesser extent by pied flycatchers (ficedula hypoleuca) and nuthatches (sitta europaea). in ... | 2014 | 25231076 |
| snail consumption and breeding performance of pied flycatchers (ficedula hypoleuca) along a pollution gradient in the middle urals, russia. | during the years 1989-91, 1997-2003, and 2005-07, we studied how emissions from the middle urals copper smelter affect snail availability and reproduction of free-living pied flycatchers (ficedula hypoleuca). we counted snail shells dropped in nests and analysed food samples of nestlings. pied flycatchers brought to nestlings fewer shells in heavily polluted sites compared to background sites, resulting in reduced ca intake. species diversity of snails collected by birds decreased with decreasin ... | 2014 | 24846405 |
| an eco-evolutionary model for demographic and phenological responses in migratory birds. | many migratory birds have changed their timing of arrival at breeding grounds in response to recent climate change. understanding the adaptive value and the demographic consequences of these shifts are key challenges. to address these questions we extend previous models of phenological adaptation to climate change under territory competition to include feedback from population dynamics, winter survival and habitat productivity. we study effects of improved pre-breeding survival and of earlier fo ... | 2012 | 24832512 |
| active hiding of social information from information-parasites. | coevolution between pairs of different kind of entities, such as providers and users of information, involves reciprocal selection pressures between them as a consequence of their ecological interaction. pied flycatchers (ficedula hypoleuca) have been shown to derive fitness benefits (larger clutches) when nesting in proximity to great tits (parus major), presumably because they this way discover and obtain information about nesting sites. tits suffer from the resulting association (smaller clut ... | 2014 | 24580842 |
| daily energy expenditure and cell-mediated immunity in pied flycatchers while feeding nestlings: interaction with moult. | ecological immunology posits a trade-off between parental effort and immunocompetence underlying the cost of reproduction. the moult-breeding overlap observed in several bird species represents a conflict in resource allocation between two energy-demanding processes. moult processes have been associated with enlargements of immune system organs. in the present study. we measured simultaneously daily energy expenditure (dee) and the t-cell-dependent immune response of pied flycatchers, ficedula h ... | 2001 | 24577688 |
| heterospecific female mimicry in ficedula flycatchers. | mimicry is a widespread phenomenon. vertebrate visual mimicry often operates in an intraspecific sexual context, with some males resembling conspecific females. pied flycatcher (ficedula hypoleuca) dorsal plumage varies from the ancestral black to female-like brown. experimental studies have shown that conspecific and heterospecific (collared flycatcher, f. albicollis) individuals of both sexes respond, at least initially, to brown individuals as if they were female. we quantified the perceptual ... | 2014 | 24494669 |