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the effect of hydro-alcoholic of phoenix dactylifera extract on sleep and eeg in rat.hard envelope of date palm pollen is used as a sedative and calmative compounds in iranian traditional medicine. we tried to study the effects of phoenix dactylifera (tarooneh) extract on sleep time and brian waves.201829299434
occurrence of ochratoxins, fumonisin b2 , aflatoxins (b1 and b2 ), and other secondary fungal metabolites in dried date palm fruits from egypt: a mini-survey.this study was conducted to investigate the natural co-occurrence of 295 fungal and bacterial metabolites in 28 samples of dried date palm fruits collected from different shops distributed in assiut governorate, upper egypt in 2016. extraction and quantification of the target analytes were done using the "dilute and shoot" approach followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) analysis. in total, 30 toxic fungal metabolites were detected. among these metabolites, 4 types ...201829350762
transcriptome sequencing and de novo assembly in arecanut, areca catechu l elucidates the secondary metabolite pathway genes.areca catechu l. belongs to the arecaceae family which comprises many economically important palms. the palm is a source of alkaloids and carotenoids. the lack of ample genetic information in public databases has been a constraint for the genetic improvement of arecanut. to gain molecular insight into the palm, high throughput rna sequencing and de novo assembly of arecanut leaf transcriptome was undertaken in the present study. a total 56,321,907 paired end reads of 101 bp length consisting of ...201829321980
differential dna methylation and transcription profiles in date palm roots exposed to salinity.as a salt-adaptive plant, the date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) requires a suitable mechanism to adapt to the stress of saline soils. there is growing evidence that dna methylation plays an important role in regulating gene expression in response to abiotic stresses, including salinity. thus, the present study sought to examine the differential methylation status that occurs in the date palm genome when plants are exposed to salinity, and to identify salinity responsive genes that are regulated ...201829352281
production and structural characterization of exopolysaccharides from newly isolated probiotic lactic acid bacteria.in this work, four exopolysaccharide-producing lactic acid bacteria (lab) strains, newly isolated from tunisian spontaneously fermented foods and beverages, namely bovine and turkey meat sausages (bms and tms), date palm sap (dps) and cow milk (cm), were identified as leuconostoc citreum-bms, leuconostoc mesenteroides-tms, pediococcus pentosaceus-dps and leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides-cm, respectively. the isolated strains showed the ability to withstand simulated human gastrointestinal (gi) tr ...201829080817
ameliorative effects of bee pollen and date palm pollen on the glycemic state and male sexual dysfunctions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic wistar rats.this study aimed to assess the effects of bee pollen (bp) and/or date palm pollen (dpp) suspensions on the glycemic state, testicular dysfunctions, oxidative stress and antioxidant defense system in streptozotocin (stz)-induced diabetic male wistar rats. diabetes mellitus was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of stz to overnight-fasted rats at dose of 40mg/kg body weight. after 1 week of stz injection, diabetic rats were treated with bp and/or dpp suspensions at dose levels of 100mg/kg ...201829080463
effect of pollen, pit powder, and gemmule extract of date palm on male infertility: a systematic review.pollen, pit powder, and gemmule extract of the date palm are rich in flavonoids. antioxidant characteristics of the flavonoids have a significant effect on prevention and treatment of infertility. the aim of the present study was to review studies investigating the effects of pollen, pit powder, and gemmule extract of the date palm on male infertility. articles that were published about the topic between 2005 and 2016 were reviewed from different databases in turkish and english. the search engi ...201829087245
an extract from date palm fruit (phoenix dactylifera) acts as a co-agonist ligand for the nuclear receptor fxr and differentially modulates fxr target-gene expression in vitro.date palm fruit (phoenix dactylifera) consumption reduces serum triglyceride levels in human subjects. the objective of this study was to prepare an extract from dates and determine whether it acts as a ligand for the farnesoid x receptor (fxr), a nuclear receptor important for maintaining triglyceride and cholesterol homeostasis. freeze-dried extracts were isolated from california-grown dates (deglet noor and medjool) from the 2014 and 2015 harvests, by means of liquid extraction and solid phas ...201829293579
phosphorus-loaded biochar changes soil heavy metals availability and uptake potential of maize (zea mays l.) plants.biochar (bc) was produced by pyrolyzing the date palm leaf waste at 600 °c and then loaded with phosphorus (p) via sorption process. greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the application effects of bc and p-loaded biochar (bcp) on growth and availability of p and heavy metals to maize (zea mays l.) plants grown in contaminated mining soil. the treatments consisted of bc and bcp (at application rates of 5, 10, 20, and 30 g kg-1 of soil), recommended nk and npk, and a control (no ...201829220749
pyrolysis of date palm waste in a fixed-bed reactor: characterization of pyrolytic products.the pyrolysis of several tunisian date palm wastes (dpw): date palm rachis (dpr), date palm leaflets (dpl), empty fruit bunches (efb) and date palm glaich (dpg) was run using a fixed-bed reactor, from room temperature to 500°c, with 15°c/min as heating rate and -5°c as condensation temperature, in order to produce bio-oil, biochar and syngas. in these conditions, the bio-oil yield ranges from 17.03wt% for dpl to 25.99wt% for efb. for the biochar, the highest yield (36.66wt%) was obtained for dpl ...201828954249
a controlled trial to reduce the risk of human nipah virus exposure in bangladesh.human nipah virus (niv) infection, often fatal in bangladesh, is primarily transmitted by drinking raw date palm sap contaminated by pteropus bats. we assessed the impact of a behavior change communication intervention on reducing consumption of potentially niv-contaminated raw sap. during the 2012-2014 sap harvesting seasons, we implemented interventions in two areas and compared results with a control area. in one area, we disseminated a "do not drink raw sap" message and, in the other area, e ...201728905152
date palm waste biochars alter a soil respiration, microbial biomass carbon, and heavy metal mobility in contaminated mined soil.a 30-day incubation experiment was conducted using a heavy metal-contaminated mined soil amended with date palm feedstock (fs) and its derivative biochars (bcs) at three pyrolysis temperatures of 300 (bc-300), 500 (bc-500), and 700 °c (bc-700) with different application rates (0.0, 5, 15, and 30 g kg-1) to investigate their short-term effects on soil respiration (co2-c efflux), microbial biomass carbon (mbc), soil organic carbon (soc), mobile fraction of heavy metals (cd, cu, pb, zn, mn, and fe) ...201728424945
zinc oxide nanoparticles affect carbon and nitrogen mineralization of phoenix dactylifera leaf litter in a sandy soil.we investigated the impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles (zno nps; 1000mgkg-1 soil) on soil microbes and their associated soil functions such as date palm (phoenix dactylifera) leaf litter (5gkg-1 soil) carbon and nitrogen mineralization in mesocosms containing sandy soil. nanoparticles application in litter-amended soil significantly decreased the cultivable heterotrophic bacterial and fungal colony forming units (cfu) compared to only litter-amended soil. the decrease in cfu could be related to ...201727810328
endophytic fungi associated with roots of date palm (phoenix dactylifera) in coastal dunes.symbiotic interactions with fungal endophytes are argued to be responsible for the tolerance of plants to some stresses and for their adaptation to natural conditions.201728254367
short-term effects of date palm extract (phoenix dactylifera) on ischemia/reperfusion injury induced by testicular torsion/detorsion in rats.antioxidants are potent scavengers of free radicals and have beneficial effects on human health.201728250657
evaluation of the efficacy of insecticidal coatings based on teflutrin and chlorpyrifos against rhynchophorus ferrugineus.the date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.), an important economic resource for many nations worldwide, has recently been threatened by the presence of different insect pests, like the red palm weevil (rpw) rhynchophorus ferrugineus.201728094903
fingerprinting of strong spermatogenesis steroidal saponins in male flowers of phoenix dactylifera (date palm) by lc-esi-ms.a fingerprint of steroid saponins, the major constituent in 80% methanolic fraction from the male flowers of phoenix dactylifera has been established. under esi-ms/ms conditions, the fragmentation patterns of [m - h]- ions exclusively displayed signals corresponding to the cleavage of the glycosidic bonds, thus allowing a rapid identification of 21 steroidal saponins. moreover, two unique among them conjugated with histidine were detected by lc-esi (-)-ms and dft and were given tentative names o ...201728049352
in vitro conservation of date palm tissue cultures.in vitro technology offers a potential solution for the conservation of date palm germplasm. slow growth induced by low temperature allows storage from several months up to few years. otherwise, cryopreservation is suitable for long-term in vitro conservation, at between -79 and -196 °c. this chapter describes a protocol for cold storage at 5 °c and cryopreservation of date palm tissue cultures. for cold storage, 70% of shoot buds remain healthy after storing for 12 months at 5 °c, and callus cu ...201728755210
storage and viability assessment of date palm pollen.pollen storage and viability are very important for pollination, breeding, biodiversity, biotechnology, conservation, and other biological and non-biological studies of the date palm. optimizing procedures and duration of storage are important for effective and long-term date palm pollen storage and viability. here we describe pollen storage methods, such as room temperature (25-30 °c), refrigeration (4 °c), storage at 4 °c in desiccators, deep freezer (-20 °c), and cryopreservation (-196 °c). b ...201728755209
plant domestication: wild date palms illuminate a crop's sticky origins.in a new study, previously unknown populations of wild date palm have been identified in remote areas of oman. genomic analyses indicate date palm domestication occurred in the eastern portion of the arabian peninsula and reveal substantial subsequent gene flow with african palm populations.201728743015
the discovery of wild date palms in oman reveals a complex domestication history involving centers in the middle east and africa.for many crops, wild relatives constitute an extraordinary resource for cultivar improvement [1, 2] and also help to better understand the history of their domestication [3]. however, the wild ancestor species of several perennial crops have not yet been identified. perennial crops generally present a weak domestication syndrome allowing cultivated individuals to establish feral populations difficult to distinguish from truly wild populations, and there is frequently ongoing gene flow between wi ...201728712568
adsorption of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin from aqueous solution onto granular activated carbon in fixed bed column.carbonization of phoenix dactylifera l stones followed by microwave k2co3 activation was adopted for preparation of granular activated carbon (kac). high yield and favorable pore characteristics in terms of surface area and pore volume were reported for kac as follows: 44%, 852m2/g, and 0.671cm3/g, respectively. the application of kac as adsorbent for attraction of ciprofloxacin (cip) and norfloxacin (nor) was investigated using fixed bed systems. the effect of flow rate (0.5-1.5ml/min), bed hei ...201728040619
chemical composition of alfalfa silage with waste date and its feeding effect on ruminal fermentation characteristics and microbial protein synthesis in sheep.this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding ensiled alfalfa with waste date on ruminal fermentation characteristics, microbial protein synthesis, protozoa population and blood parameters in sheep. eight rams were used in a 2 × 2 change over design. each experimental period consisted of 21 days including 16 days for adaptation and 5 days for sampling. for ensiling, fresh alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) with different levels of waste date (phoenix dactylifera l.) were mixed together an ...201727600493
transfer factors for natural radioactivity into date palm pits.palm pits are used in various human and animal feed products. in this study, the natural radioactivity levels from soil and date palm pits of 9 samples collected from major date palm farms in three different regions (buraidah, al-zulfi and al-majmaah) of saudi arabia were determined by using the high purity germanium (hpge) gamma-ray spectrometer. the mean activity concentrations of 226ra, 232th, 137cs and 40k in soil samples were 12.8 ± 2.2, 10.2 ± 2.1, 0.28 ± 0.10 and 329 ± 87 bg kg-1, respect ...201727894743
tentative characterization of polyphenolic compounds in the male flowers of phoenix dactylifera by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and dft.phoenix dacylifera is an ancient palm species rich in (poly)phenols. these phenolic compounds were tentatively identified by using liquid chromatography coupled with ion spray mass spectrometry in tandem mode (lc/ms/ms) with negative ion detection. negative identification of the compounds was based on their retention times and mass spectra in full scan mode (ms), and in different ms/ms modes. for the first time, complete hypothesis, and routs for both p-coumaroylshikimic acids (cosa) and caffeoy ...201728257091
the phytochelatin synthase gene in date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.): phylogeny, evolution and expression.we studied date palm phytochelatin synthase type i (pdpcs1), which catalyzes the cytosolic synthesis of phytochelatins (pcs), a heavy metal binding protein, in plant cells. the gene encoding pdpcs1 (pdpcs) consists of 8 exons and 7 introns and encodes a protein of 528 amino acids. pcs gene history was studied using notung phylogeny. during evolution, gene loss from several lineages was predicted including proteobacteria, bilateria and brassicaceae. in addition, eleven gene duplication events app ...201728231507
metabolome based volatiles profiling in 13 date palm fruit varieties from egypt via spme gc-ms and chemometrics.dates (phoenix dactylifera l.) are distributed worldwide as major food complement providing a source of sugars and dietary fiber as well as macro- and micronutrients. although phytochemical analyses of date fruit non-volatile metabolites have been reported, much less is known about the aroma given off by the fruit, which is critical for dissecting sensory properties and quality traits. volatile constituents from 13 date varieties grown in egypt were profiled using spme-gcms coupled to multivaria ...201727664623
removal of zn2+ and so42- from aqueous solutions on acidic and chelating dehydrated carbon.the agricultural waste, date palm leaflets, was carbonized chemically using sulfuric acid treatment. produced dehydrated carbon (dc) was subjected to surface functionalization using ethylene diamine producing chelating dehydrated carbon (cdc). in the process, ∼80 % of the carboxylic content on dc was converted to amide successfully. dc acts as a cation exchanger because of the high content of carboxylic groups on its surface showing acidic nature. however, cdc possesses amine and amide groups sh ...201727155837
effect of increasing levels of wasted date palm on digestion, rumen fermentation and microbial protein synthesis in sheep.this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of wasted date (wd) in sheep (initial body weight 50 ± 2.3 kg) diets on apparent diet digestibility, rumen fermentation and microbial protein synthesis. the experimental diets contained 0 (0 wd), 9% (9 wd), 18% (18 wd) or 27% (27 wd) of wasted dates. these diets were evaluated through a 4 × 4 latin square design with four 28-day periods. sheep were individually housed in metabolic cages and were fed diets ad libitum. to keep t ...201727039841
diet rich in date palm fruits improves memory, learning and reduces beta amyloid in transgenic mouse model of alzheimer's disease.at present, the treatment options available to delay the onset or slow down the progression of alzheimer's disease (ad) are not effective. recent studies have suggested that diet and lifestyle factors may represent protective strategies to minimize the risk of developing ad. date palm fruits are a good source of dietary fiber and are rich in total phenolics and natural antioxidants, such as anthocyanins, ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid and caffeic acid. these polyphenolic compounds have been s ...201726167001
development and validation of an hplc-uv method for determination of eight phenolic compounds in date palms.a simple, precise, accurate, and selective method was developed and validated for determination of eight phenolic compounds (gallic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanilic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid) in date palms. separation was achieved on an rp c18 column using the mobile phase methanol-water with 2% acetic acid (18+82, v/v). this method was validated according to the requirements for new methods, which include accuracy, precision, selectiv ...201726525252
three new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi discovered at one location in a desert of oman: diversispora omaniana, septoglomus nakheelum and rhizophagus arabicus.three new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi (glomeromycota) were isolated from soil samples collected from a hyperarid sandy plain of south arabia. morphological characteristics of the spores clearly differentiated them from closely related am species. molecular analyses were performed on rdna sequences obtained from single spores including a ~1700 bp region comprising partial ssu, its, partial lsu and the ~600 bp its region only. the phylogenetic trees based on these regions showed t ...201724782493
characterization of two minicircular plasmid-like dnas isolated from date-palm mitochondria.we report here the identification and characterization of two minicircular plasmid-like dnas isolated from mitochondria of a moroccan date-palm variety. both molecules were cloned and used as probes in southern analyses of mitochondrial and total-cellular dna. evidence was obtained that these plasmid-like dnas cross-hybridized but did not show any homology to nuclear, chloroplastic, or main mitochondrial genomes. sequence analysis revealed that both minicircles, 1,346- and 1,160-bp long, share s ...20177874749
anti-cancer effects of ajwa dates (phoenix dactylifera l.) in diethylnitrosamine induced hepatocellular carcinoma in wistar rats.hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) accounts for major cancer-related deaths despite current advanced therapies. treatment and prognosis of hcc is better in patients with preserved liver function. many natural products including ajwa dates (phoenix dactylifera l.), are claimed to have hepatoprotective and hcc inhibitory effects, but most lack scientific validation. to prove our hypothesis, we attempted to evaluate the hcc inhibitory effects, and other beneficial properties of the aqueous extract of a ...201728830415
highly decorated lignins in leaf tissues of the canary island date palm phoenix canariensis.the cell walls of leaf base tissues of the canary island date palm (phoenix canariensis) contain lignins with the most complex compositions described to date. the lignin composition varies by tissue region and is derived from traditional monolignols (ml) along with an unprecedented range of ml conjugates: ml-acetate, ml-benzoate, ml-p-hydroxybenzoate, ml-vanillate, ml-p-coumarate, and ml-ferulate. the specific functions of such complex lignin compositions are unknown. however, the distribution o ...201728894022
crispr/cas9: a practical approach in date palm genome editing.the genetic modifications through breeding of crop plants have long been used to improve the yield and quality. however, precise genome editing (ge) could be a very useful supplementary tool for improvement of crop plants by targeted genome modifications. various ge techniques including zfns (zinc finger nucleases), talens (transcription activator-like effector nucleases), and most recently clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crispr)/cas9 (crispr-associated protein 9)-base ...201728878801
phenolic composition profiling of different edible parts and by-products of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) by using hplc-dad-esi/msn.fruits and vegetables are an important source of dietary antioxidants and epidemiological studies show that their regular intake in the diet may decrease the risk of several chronic diseases. phoenix dactylifera l. (date palm or dates) is an important crop, widely used in the arabian region and in other parts of the world as a food and also in folk medicine, due to its health-promoting properties. antioxidant phytochemicals present in plant foods are partly responsible for such health benefits. ...201728964373
factors affecting seawater-based pretreatment of lignocellulosic date palm residues.seawater-based pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass is an innovative process at research stage. with respect to process optimization, factors affecting seawater-based pretreatment of lignocellulosic date palm residues were studied for the first time in this paper. pretreatment temperature (180°c-210°c), salinity of seawater (0ppt-50ppt), and catalysts (h2so4, na2co3, and naoh) were investigated. the results showed that pretreatment temperature exerted the largest influence on seawater-based p ...201728898854
correction to: date palm waste-derived biochar composites with silica and zeolite: synthesis, characterization and implication for carbon stability and recalcitrant potential.unfortunately, in the original publication of the article, prof. yong sik ok's affiliation was incorrectly published.201729282621
correction to: date palm waste biochars alter a soil respiration, microbial biomass carbon, and heavy metal mobility in contaminated mined soil.unfortunately, in the original publication of the article, prof. yang sik ok's affiliation was incorrectly published. the author's affiliation is as follows.201729282620
a vlp-based vaccine provides complete protection against nipah virus challenge following multiple-dose or single-dose vaccination schedules in a hamster model.nipah virus is a highly lethal zoonotic paramyxovirus that was first recognized in malaysia during an outbreak in 1998. during this outbreak, nipah virus infection caused a severe febrile neurological disease in humans who worked in close contact with infected pigs. the case fatality rate in humans was approximately 40%. since 2001, niv has re-emerged in bangladesh and india where fruit bats (pteropus spp.) have been identified as the principal reservoir of the virus. transmission to humans is c ...201729263876
report - antidiabetic effects of native date fruit aseel (phoenix dactylifera l.) in normal and hyperglycemic rats.change in dietary pattern, sedentary life style and increasing stresses are contributing factors for high prevalence of diabetes mellitus. diabetic complications often lead to cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and hyperlipidemia that are the leading cause death and disability all over the world. apart from pharmacotherapy, use of antihyperglycemic medicinal food is a new aspect in diabetes management and prevention of its complications. phoenix dactylifera (date palm) has been traditionally ...201729084704
drdb: an online date palm genomic resource database.background: date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) is a cultivated woody plant with agricultural and economic importance in many countries around the world. with the advantages of next generation sequencing technologies, genome sequences for many date palm cultivars have been released recently. short sequence repeat (ssr) and single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) can be identified from these genomic data, and have been proven to be very useful biomarkers in plant genome analysis and breeding. results ...201729209336
biochemical and genetical responses of phoenix dactylifera l. to cadmium stress.the cadmium (cd), a heavy metal, causes toxicity, which leads to hampering the growth and development of the plant. the molecular and biochemical approaches were used for the investigation of antioxidant system response and genotoxicity in date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) cv. sagai in pot experiment having cd. the root length was more affected than the shoot length as more accumulation of cd occurs in roots. fresh weights of root and shoot were reduced significantly in treated plants as compar ...201729201916
codon usage and codon pair patterns in non-grass monocot genomes.studies on codon usage in monocots have focused on grasses, and observed patterns of this taxon were generalized to all monocot species. here, non-grass monocot species were analysed to investigate the differences between grass and non-grass monocots.201729155926
evaluating the nutritional value of date pits and demonstrating their application in laying hen diets.this experiment was carried out to study the feeding value of ground date pits (dp) (phoenix dactylifera l.) with and without enzyme supplementation on laying hens' performance. apparent metabolizable energy value of dp was determined by the total collection method using 10 adult leghorn cockerels. after that, a total number of 144 lohmann 50-week-old lsl-lite hens were randomly allocated into six groups consisting of four replicates of six birds, based on a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of the tr ...201729143376
process simulation and economic assessment of hydrothermal pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of multi-feedstock lignocellulose - separate vs combined processing.biorefinery based on multi-feedstock lignocellulose can be viable where a sustainable supply of a single substrate is limited, for example in arid regions. processing of mixed feedstocks has been studied in lab scale, however, its economics are less studied. in this study, an economic comparison was made between separate and combined (mixed) processing approaches for multi-feedstock lignocellulose for the production of monomeric sugars. this modular approach of focusing on sugar platform makes t ...201729136939
date palm (phoenix dactylifera) fruits as a potential cardioprotective agent: the role of circulating progenitor cells.context: date palms, along with their fruits' dietary consumption, possess enormous medicinal and pharmacological activities manifested in their usage in a variety of ailments in the various traditional systems of medicine. in recent years, the identification of progenitor cells in the adult organ systems has opened an altogether new approach to therapeutics, due to the ability of these cells to repair the damaged cells/tissues. hence, the concept of developing therapeutics, which can mobilize e ...201728928656
biochar composites with nano zerovalent iron and eggshell powder for nitrate removal from aqueous solution with coexisting chloride ions.biochar (bc) was produced from date palm tree leaves and its composites were prepared with nano zerovalent iron (nzvi-bc) and hen eggshell powder (ep-bc). the produced bc and its composites were characterized by sem, xrd, bet, and ftir for surface structural, mineralogical, and chemical groups and tested for their efficiency for nitrate removal from aqueous solutions in the presence and absence of chloride ions. the incidence of graphene and nano zerovalent iron (fe0) in the nzvi-bc composite wa ...201728921403
augmenting granular activated carbon with natural clay for multicomponent sorption of heavy metals from aqueous solutions.multicomponent adsorption of cd, cr, cu, pb and zn onto date palm pits based granular activated carbon (gac) augmented with highly active natural clay at different proportion was investigated. the effects of the initial ph and the adsorbents mixed ratio on the removal selectivity sequence of the metals evaluated. batch adsorption experiments were undertaken at initial ph 2, 6 and 12. at initial ph 2, both the percent removal and the metals adsorptive capacity decreased with increasing gac to cla ...201729068351
copper toxicity and date palm (phoenix dactylifera) seedling tolerance: monitoring of related biomarkers.date palm (phoenix dactylifera) seeds were exposed to different copper (cu) solutions to examine plant stress responses. low cu concentrations (0.02 and 0.2 mm) caused an increase of seed germination, whereas higher cu amounts (2 mm) significantly inhibited seed germination, delayed hypocotyl elongation, increased seedling mortality, and reduced the germination index by more than 90%. metal-related toxicity symptoms appeared after 15 d of 2 mm of cu exposure. biochemical activities such as amyla ...201729023967
effect of agno3 and bap on root as a novel explant in date palm (phoenix dactylifera cv. medjool) somatic embryogenesis.somatic embryogenesis techniques are used for cloning a wide range of varieties of date palms around the world. the aim of the present study was to develop an efficient method with the lowest cost and the greatest potential to obtain in vitro plantlets of date palm cv. medjool. also, produce embryogenic callus and somatic embryos without using 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d).201729023011
evaluation of extraction methods for the identification of proteins from date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) seed and flesh.date fruits are well known to be very nutritious. nevertheless, the protein contents of the fruit, particularly the seed and flesh, are still understudied, largely due to their difficult physical characteristics. this study was conducted to compare three different protein extraction methods which were the trichloroacetic acid (tca)-acetone (tca-a), phenol (phe), and tca-acetone-phenol (tca-a-phe), and to perform proteomic analysis on date palm seed and flesh. phe extraction method showed the hig ...201728857669
learning from the experts: drought resistance in desert plants. 201728850184
charting novel allergens from date palm pollen (phoenix sylvestris) using homology driven proteomics.pollen grains from phoenix sylvestris (date palm), a commonly cultivated tree in india has been found to cause severe allergic diseases in an increasing percentage of hypersensitive individuals. to unearth its allergenic components, pollen protein were profiled by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblotting with date palm pollen sensitive patient sera. allergens were identified by maldi-tof/tof employing a layered proteomic approach combining conventional database dependent se ...201728535932
genome-wide expression profiling in leaves and roots of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) exposed to salinity.date palm, as one of the most important fruit crops in north african and west asian countries including oman, is facing serious growth problems due to salinity, arising from persistent use of saline water for irrigation. although date palm is a relatively salt-tolerant plant species, its adaptive mechanisms to salt stress are largely unknown.201728330456
ethnobotanical survey of phoenix dactylifera l. pollen used for the treatment of infertility problems in algerian oases.the phoenix dactylifera l. (date palm) is known for its traditional medicinal properties across the history of native population in algerian sahara. there is a large trend of consumption of date palm pollen preparations in many human infertility cases in our country. however, the validity has not been scientifically tested. there has been no direct scientific research on this application. this study was undertaken to identify cultivars with greater potential in the traditional medicine uses. to ...201728480429
date stones of phoenix dactylifera and jujube shells of ziziphus lotus as potential biosorbents for anionic dye removal.this study investigated the biosorption of congo red (cr) from aqueous solution by date stones (ds) of phoenix dactylifera and jujube shells (js) of ziziphus lotus. batch operations were carried out in the liquid phase to observe the effect of various experimental parameters such as contact time, ph, temperature, and initial dye concentration on removal of cr. the characteristics of the ds and js were also examined by fourier transform infrared analysis. the biosorption data of cr on ds and js s ...201728463549
hydrothermal pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of mixed green and woody lignocellulosics from arid regions.utilization of multi-specie feedstocks is imperative for application of lignocellulosic biorefineries in arid regions. different lignocellulosic residues vary in composition and anatomical features. pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis are two processes at the front end of any lignocellulosics biorefinery applying biochemical pathway, and have to efficiently deal with the variance in the feedstock composition and properties. however, there is limited knowledge about effect of mixing different l ...201728456045
identification and evaluation of antibacterial agents present in lipophilic fractions isolated from sub-products of phoenix dactilyfera.in this study, the dried powder of seeds and pollen of phoenix dactylifera was extracted using soxhlet extractor and biochemical composition of lipophilic extracts was analysed by gcms. then, we have tested the antibacterial effect of fatty acids and volatile compounds found in these sub-products. the results revealed that the main fatty acids found in deglet nour seeds is are oleic acid (42.06%) followed by capric acid (24.16%), takerbucht seeds extract contains mostly oleic acid (40.59%) and p ...201728403631
effect of various levels of date palm kernel on growth performance of broilers.the aim of this study was the assessment of various levels of date palm kernel (dpk) on the growth performance of broilers.201728344407
date palm waste-derived biochar composites with silica and zeolite: synthesis, characterization and implication for carbon stability and recalcitrant potential.engineered organo-mineral composites were synthesized from date palm waste biochar and silica or zeolite via mechanochemical treatments. date palm tree rachis (leaves) waste biomass was pre-treated with silica or zeolite minerals via ball milling and sonication prior to pyrolysis at 600 °c. the resultant organo-mineral composites and pristine materials were characterized using x-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric-differential thermal (tg-dta), fourier transform infrared, scanning electron micros ...201728337620
in vitro conservation of date palm shoot-tip explants and callus cultures under minimal growth conditions.date palm fruit production has great economic significance for many countries. there is a fundamental necessity to conserve valuable date palm germplasm, but there are various problems with in vivo and ex situ conservation. in vitro storage has several advantages over conventional germplasm conservation methods. the in vitro technique offers a developed method of slow-growth storage, which is considered as an alternate solution for short- and medium-term storage of date palm germplasm under cont ...201728755213
in vitro cryopreservation of date palm caulogenic meristems.cryopreservation is the technology of choice not only for plant genetic resource preservation but also for virus eradication and for the efficient management of large-scale micropropagation. in this chapter, we describe three cryopreservation protocols (standard vitrification, droplet vitrification, and encapsulation vitrification) for date palm highly proliferating meristems that are initiated from vitro-cultures using plant growth regulator-free ms medium. the positive impact of sucrose precul ...201728755212
cryopreservation of date palm pro-embryonic masses using the d cryo-plate technique.in this chapter, we describe a cryopreservation (liquid nitrogen, -196 °c) protocol developed for long-term storage of date palm pro-embryonic masses (pems), which uses the recently established d cryo-plate technique. clumps of pems (3-5 mm in size) were dissected from pem cultures and placed on pretreatment medium containing 171 g/l sucrose for 3 days. clumps were placed in the wells of aluminum cryo-plates in which they were made to adhere using droplets of 3% calcium alginate. pems were treat ...201728755211
antioxidant system response and cdna-scot marker profiling in phoenix dactylifera l. plant under salinity stress.many phoenix dactylifera (date palm) cultivars are grown in the arid and semiarid regions of the world, including saudi arabia. p. dactylifera is highly tolerant to salinity stress. to investigate the response of khalas cultivar of p. dactylifera, two-month-old plants were treated with sodium chloride (50, 100, and 150 mm nacl) for three months. our result showed that proline content was higher in all treated plants compared to control plants. thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (tbars) were ...201728702461
the desert plant phoenix dactylifera closes stomata via nitrate-regulated slac1 anion channel.date palm phoenix dactylifera is a desert crop well adapted to survive and produce fruits under extreme drought and heat. how are palms under such harsh environmental conditions able to limit transpirational water loss? here, we analysed the cuticular waxes, stomata structure and function, and molecular biology of guard cells from p. dactylifera. to understand the stomatal response to the water stress phytohormone of the desert plant, we cloned the major elements necessary for guard cell fast ab ...201728670699
synthetic co-attractants of the aggregation pheromone of the date palm root borer oryctes agamemnon.laboratory and field investigations to identify and evaluate plant co-attractants of the aggregation pheromone of the date palm pest oryctes agamemnon are reported. volatiles emitted by freshly cut palm core and palm core with feeding males, were collected, analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and evaluated in olfactometers alone or combined with synthetic pheromone. a collection of palm odor without male effluvia was attractive alone and enhanced attraction to synthetic p ...201728667548
cardiopreventive effect of ethanolic extract of date palm pollen against isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats through the inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme.the present study aimed to examine the putative preventive effect of the ethanolic extract date palm pollen (dpp, phoenix dactylifera l., family arecaceae) on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction (mi) in rats. twenty four rats were randomly divided into four groups including control. they were treated with dpp extract (400mg/kg) and clopidogrel (0.2mg/kg) for 7days followed by myocardial injury induction using subcutaneous isoproterenol (100mg/kg) with an interval of 24h for two days (6th ...201728645882
diversity of algerian oases date palm (phoenix dactylifera l., arecaceae): heterozygote excess and cryptic structure suggest farmer management had a major impact on diversity.date palm (phoenix dactyliferal.) is the mainstay of oasis agriculture in the saharan region. it is cultivated in a large part of the mediterranean coastal area of the sahara and in most isolated oases in the algerian desert. we sampled 10 oases in algeria to understand the structure of date palm diversity from the coastal area to a very isolated desert location. we used 18 microsatellite markers and a chloroplast minisatellite to characterize 414 individual palm trees corresponding to 114 named ...201728410422
prevalence of skin sensitization to pollen of date palm in marrakesh, morocco.background. date palm's pollen has been identified as a source of allergy; the rate of sensitization of this pollen is between 6 and 29%. objective. to determine the prevalence of sensitization to date palm in marrakesh and to identify the clinical profile. patients and methods. this study is based on a questionnaire and the prick test on 7 allergens, in population aged 5 years and above with clinical symptoms suggesting allergic diseases, from november 2012 to february 2013 in marrakech. result ...201728270850
toxicity and detoxification mechanism of black pepper and its major constituent in controlling rhynchophorus ferrugineus olivier (curculionidae: coleoptera).the survival, feeding response, and detoxification mechanism of rhynchophorus ferrugineus olivier, a key pest responsible for destruction of date palm, was examined with different extracts of piper nigrum and its major constituent (piperine) identified by gc-ms. in the present study, toxicity of different extracts of black pepper was evaluated by incorporating diffferent doses of extracts into the artificial diet of red palm weevil larvae. all extracts showed dose-dependent insecticidal activity ...201728326461
somatic embryogenesis from bud and leaf explants of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) cv. najda.an efficient regeneration system through somatic embryogenesis was developed for date palm cv. najda. adventitious bud and proximal leaf segments cultured on murashige and skoog (ms) medium supplemented with various combinations of auxins and cytokinins induced embryogenesis after at least 6 months of culture. somatic embryogenesis induction seemed correlated with the type of the explant, the induction period and the auxin used. the highest rate of somatic embryogenesis (86.0%) was obtained on b ...201728444601
date palm genetic diversity analysis using microsatellite polymorphism.date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) is considered one of the great socioeconomic resources in the middle east and the arab regions. the tree has been and still is at the center of the comprehensive agricultural development. the number of known date palm cultivars, distributed worldwide, is approximately 3000. the success of genetic diversity conservation or any breeding program depends on an understanding of the amount and distribution of the genetic variation already in existence in the genetic ...201728755219
genetic diversity analysis of date palm using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and inter-simple sequence repeat (issr).random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and inter-simple sequence repeat (issr) are pcr-based molecular techniques used for evaluation and characterization of date palm to find the best genotype and male/female identification at an early stage. genetic fingerprinting using molecular markers is an important tool for the analysis of genetic diversity and cultivar identification. here, we present an improved dna extraction protocol using leaf tissue, based on the standard cetyltrimethyl ammonium br ...201728755218
molecular identification of fungal contamination in date palm tissue cultures.fungal contamination of in vitro cultures of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) is the major constraint to their initiation and maintenance. different molecular approaches have been applied successfully to analyze both inter- and intraspecific variation among fungal species as well as determine their identity. this chapter describes step-by-step procedures of molecular identification of fungal contaminants by internal transcribed spacer (its) products of the most common fungal contaminants of da ...201728755217
batch and fixed bed adsorption of levofloxacin on granular activated carbon from date (phoenix dactylifera l.) stones by koh chemical activation.granular activated carbon (kac) was prepared from abundant phoenix dactylifera l. stones by microwave- assisted koh activation. the characteristics of kac were tested by pore analyses, scanning electron microscopy (sem) and fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (ftir). the adsorption behavior of levofloxacin (lev) antibiotic on kac with surface area of 817m2/g and pore volume of 0.638cm3/g were analyzed using batch and fixed bed systems. the equilibrium data collected by batch experiments wer ...201728189062
extraction optimization and in vitro and in vivo anti-postprandial hyperglycemia effects of inhibitor from phoenix dactylifera l. parthenocarpic fruit.phoenix dactylifera l. plays an important role in social, economic, and ecological tunisian sectors. some date palms produce parthenocarpic fruit named sish. the aqueous ethanolic extract from p. dactylifera parthenocarpic dates demonstrated a potent inhibition of the enzymes related to type ii diabetes. in this work, extraction optimization of amylase inhibitors was carried out using box-behnken design. bioactivity-guided fractionation of the 70% aqueous ethanol extract was performed to identif ...201728167450
genetic transformation of date palm via microprojectile bombardment.efficient protocols for date palm embryogenic callus and somatic embryo transformation with uida gene are described in this chapter. the embryogenic callus transformation procedure is 1.6 μm gold particle size coated with 2.5 μg dna (pact1-d plasmid), 1100 psi helium pressure, 9 cm target distance, 26 inhg vacuum pressure, 3 mm distance between the rupture disk and macrocarrier, and osmotic pretreatment with 0.4 m mannitol followed by 60 min air desiccation. the somatic embryo transformation pro ...201728755352
direct organogenesis and indirect somatic embryogenesis by in vitro reversion of mature female floral buds to a vegetative state.this protocol describes in vitro plant regeneration from mature female inflorescence explants of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) by reversion of floral state (reproductive phase) to the vegetative state. the mature female inflorescence (fully developed) is cultured on ms induction medium containing 10 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d), 3 mg/l 2-isopentenyladenine (2ip), and 2 mg/l paclobutrazol (pbz) or 2 mg/l abscisic acid (aba). the basal part of the petals has meristematic cells, ...201728755335
enhanced indirect somatic embryogenesis from shoot-tip explants of date palm by gradual reductions of 2,4-d concentration.shoot-tip explants obtained from offshoots of adult date palms are an excellent source for callus induction and subsequent somatic embryogenesis. in this protocol, the shoot-tip explants are transferred sequentially to a series of media containing gradually reduced concentrations of plant growth hormones: (a) 10 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-d) and 3 mg/l 2-isopentenyl adenine (2ip), (b) 7 mg/l 2,4-d and 1 mg/l 2ip, (c) 5 mg/l 2,4-d and 1 mg/l 2ip, and (d) 3 mg/l 2,4-d and 1 mg/l 2ip ...201728755337
enhanced indirect somatic embryogenesis of date palm using low levels of seawater.date palm tolerates salinity, drought, and high temperatures. arid and semiarid zones, especially the middle east region, need a huge number of date palms for cultivation. to meet this demand, tissue culture techniques have great potential for mass production of plantlets, especially using the indirect embryogenesis technique; any improvement of these techniques is a worthy objective. low levels of salinity can enhance growth and development of tolerant plants. a low level of seawater, a natural ...201728755336
histological analysis of the developmental stages of direct somatic embryogenesis induced from in vitro leaf explants of date palm.somatic embryogenesis is an ideal technique for the micropropagation of date palm using different explant tissue; however, histological studies describing the ontogenesis of plant regeneration are limited. this chapter provides a simple protocol for the histological analysis of the successive developmental stages of direct somatic embryogenesis induced from in vitro leaf explants. direct somatic embryos are obtained from murashige and skoog (ms) medium containing 2 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine. in o ...201728755343
streptomyces globosus uae1, a potential effective biocontrol agent for black scorch disease in date palm plantations.many fungal diseases affect date palm causing considerable losses in date production worldwide. we found that the fungicide cidely® top inhibited the mycelial growth of the soil-borne pathogenic fungus thielaviopsis punctulata, the causal agent of black scorch disease of date palm, both in vitro and in vivo. because the use of biocontrol agents (bcas) can minimize the impact of pathogen control on economic and environmental concerns related to chemical control, we aimed at testing local actinomy ...201728824584
histological evidence of indirect somatic embryogenesis from immature female date palm inflorescences.rapid production of somatic embryogenesis and date palm regeneration is achieved by culturing immature female inflorescence explants. inflorescence explants are soft, creamy in color, average 6-7 cm in length, and cultured on murashige and skoog (ms) medium containing 1 mg/l thidiazuron (tdz). callus induction occurs after 4-5 weeks of culture on the callus induction medium. subsequently, callus develops embryogenic calli on ms medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid (naa). his ...201728755342
extraction and estimation of secondary metabolites from date palm cell suspension cultures.the health benefits of dates arise from their content of phytochemicals, known for having pharmacological properties, including flavonoids, carotenoids, phenolic acids, sterols, procyanidins, and anthocyanins. in vitro cell culture technology has become an attractive means for the production of biomass and bioactive compounds. this chapter describes step-by-step procedures for the induction and proliferation of callus from date palm offshoots on murashige and skoog (ms) medium supplemented with ...201728755356
bioreactor steroid production and analysis of date palm embryogenic callus.several compounds and families of compounds of date palm secondary metabolites have been investigated. the analysis of date palm tissue has shown the abundance of secondary metabolites including phytosterols, e.g., steroids, an important group of pharmaceutical compounds. biotechnology offers the opportunity to utilize cells, tissues, and organs grown in vitro and manipulated to obtain desired compounds. this chapter presents a protocol for the production, determination, and identification of st ...201728755355
desiccation and cold hardening of date palm somatic embryos improve germination.embryogenic suspension cultures of date palm are ideal for mass propagation of somatic embryos; however, the low percentage of germination of somatic embryos (se) remains an impediment. this chapter focuses on two important physical factors to improve germination of date palm somatic embryos: the use of partial desiccation (3 h) of somatic embryos and the exposure to low temperature (4 °c for 24 h). high germination percentage (41%) is achieved by desiccation for 3 h. moreover, adding 0.3 g/l ac ...201728755341
microprojectile bombardment transformation of date palm using the insecticidal cholesterol oxidase (choa) gene.the overall objective of this work is to optimize the transformation system for date palm as a first step toward production of date palm clones resistant to noxious pests. a construct harboring the cholesterol oxidase (choa) gene, which renders plant resistance against insect attack, is introduced into embryogenic date palm callus using the pds-1000/he particle bombardment system. the process involves the establishment of embryogenic callus cultures as well as immature embryo-derived microcalli ...201728755353
conversion of finished leather waste incorporated with plant fibers into value added consumer products - an effort to minimize solid waste in ethiopia.presently, the leftovers from leather product industries are discarded as waste in ethiopia. the objective of the present study was therefore, to prepare composite sheets by incorporating various plant fibers like enset (ensete ventricosum), hibiscus (hibiscus cannabinus), jute (corchorus trilocularis l.), palm (phoenix dactylifera) and sisal (agave sisal) in various proportions into the leather waste. resin binder (rb) and natural rubber latex (nrl) were used as binding agents for the preparati ...201728764877
effects of date palm pollen on fertility: research proposal for a systematic review.over 10-15% of couples in different countries are infertile. male infertility is a contributing factor and the only cause of infertility in respectively 50% and 20-30% of all cases of infertility. according to previous research, micro-elements isolated from date palm pollen (dpp), e.g. estrogen and sterols, may enhance male and female fertility. dpp has also been reported to improve sperm parameters including sperm motility and viability, acrosome reaction, and lipid peroxidation. this article m ...201728764804
in vitro assessment of abiotic stress in date palm: salinity and drought.date palm is one of the major crops growing in regions where abiotic stress conditions are extreme. abiotic stress affects plant growth, development, physiology, and biochemical processes. this chapter describes a protocol to evaluate the response of date palm cultures to abiotic stresses. tolerance to salinity stress is assessed using calcium chloride (cacl2), potassium chloride (kcl), and sodium chloride (nacl) at 11.96, 12.06, and 9.45 g/l, respectively (equivalent to 0.8 mpa osmotic potentia ...201728755357
optimized direct organogenesis from shoot tip explants of date palm.in vitro propagation is an available alternative to produce uniform and good-quality planting material to establish large-scale date palm cultivation in a short time. this study was carried out to achieve organogenesis and multiplication directly from shoot tips without callus formation, thus avoiding any possibility of undesirable genetic variability among the regenerated plants. the shoot tips explants are cultured on murashige and skoog (ms) medium supplemented with 1 mg/l naphthaleneacetic a ...201728755334
plantform bioreactor for mass micropropagation of date palm.a novel protocol for the commercial production of date palm through micropropagation is presented. this protocol includes the use of a semisolid medium alternation or in combination with a temporary immersion system (tis, plantform bioreactor) in date palm micropropagation. the use of the plantform bioreactor for date palm results in an improved multiplication rate, reduced micropropagation time, and improved weaning success. it also reduces the cost of saleable units and thus improves economic ...201728755351
temporary immersion system for date palm micropropagation.the temporary immersion system (tis) is being used with tremendous success for automation of micropropagation of many plant species. tis usually consists of a culture vessel comprising two compartments, an upper one with the plant material and a lower one with the liquid culture medium and an automated air pump. the latter enables contact between all parts of the explants and the liquid medium by setting overpressure to the lower part of the container. these systems are providing the most satisf ...201728755350
direct organogenesis from immature female inflorescence of date palm by gradual reduction of 2,4-d concentration.inflorescences represent an alternative explant source for superior date palm trees, especially those that do not produce offshoots. they provide large numbers of explants free of fungal and bacterial contamination for successful tissue culture initiation. furthermore, they are characterized by the capacity of plant regeneration within a short time as compared to other explant types. this chapter focuses on the procedures employed for plant regeneration by direct organogenesis using immature fem ...201728755333
naa-induced direct organogenesis from female immature inflorescence explants of date palm.micropropagation has great potential for the multiplication of female and male date palms of commercially grown cultivars by using inflorescences. this approach is simple, convenient, and much faster than the conventional method of using shoot-tip explants. we describe here a stepwise micropropagation procedure using inflorescence explants of iraqi date palm cultivar maktoom. cultured explants were derived from 0.5-cm-long spike segments excised from 8 to 10-cm-long spathes. about 70% formed adv ...201728755332
microcalli induction in protoplasts isolated from embryogenic callus of date palm.date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) production is severely hampered due to several pests and diseases. biotechnological tools such as protoplast fusion appear as an alternative to ensure rapid genetic improvement and multiplication of this species. however, establishment of an effective system of plant regeneration from protoplasts culture is a prerequisite for date palm somatic hybridization. in this chapter, we describe an effective protocol to induce microcalli in protoplasts isolated from nod ...201728755349
synchronization of somatic embryogenesis in date palm suspension culture using abscisic acid.somatic embryogenesis is considered the most effective method for commercial propagation of date palm. however, the limitation of obtaining synchronized development of somatic embryos remains an impediment. the synchronization of somatic embryo development is ideal for the applications to produce artificial seeds. abscisic acid (aba) is associated with stress response and influences in vitro growth and development. this chapter describes an effective method to achieve synchronized development of ...201728755348
plant regeneration from somatic embryogenic suspension cultures of date palm.somatic embryogenesis is one of the most important technologies for plant regeneration of elite date palm cultivars. recently, considerable progress has been made in the development and optimization of this technique from embryogenic cell suspension cultures. this chapter describes a procedure for the rapid development of a large number of somatic embryos from embryogenic cell suspension cultures. an efficient plant regeneration protocol via somatic embryogenesis from cell suspension cultures st ...201728755347
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