| the heme domain of cellobiose oxidoreductase: a one-electron reducing system. | phanerochaete chrysosporium cellobiose oxidoreductase (cbor) comprises two redox domains, one containing flavin adenine dinucleotide (fad) and the other protoheme. it reduces both two-electron acceptors, including molecular oxygen, and one-electron acceptors, including transition metal complexes and cytochrome c. if the latter reacts with the flavin, the reduced heme b acts merely as a redox buffer, but if with the b heme, enzyme action involves a true electron transfer chain. intact cbor fully ... | 2003 | 12686420 |
| treatment of landfill leachate by white rot fungus in combination with zeolite filters. | this article presents the experimental work for the treatment of landfill leachate in a combined process using the white rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium and the natural zeolite clinoptilolite. clinoptilolite was used in a pretreatment step as a sink for ammonia nitrogen and, on average it reduced the levels of ammonia nitrogen, soluble chemical oxygen demand (cod) and color by 72, 4.7, and 25%, respectively. the reductions by fungal treatment alone were 16.6, 21.5, and 31.2%, respectively ... | 2003 | 12716072 |
| microbial pretreatment of biomass: potential for reducing severity of thermochemical biomass pretreatment. | typical pretreatment requires high-energy (steam and electricity) and corrosion-resistant, high-pressure reactors. a review of the literature suggests that fungal pretreatment could potentially lower the severity requirements of acid, temperature and time. these reductions in severity are also expected to result in less biomass degradation and consequently lower inhibitor concentrations compared to conventional thermochemical pretreatment. furthermore, potential advantages of fungal pretreatment ... | 2003 | 12721473 |
| optimization of an extracellular protease of chrysosporium keratinophilum and its potential in bioremediation of keratinic wastes. | chrysosporium keratinophilum imi 338142 isolated from a waste site containing organopollutants was studied for its ability to produce extracellular proteases on glucose-gelatin medium. fungus was observed to be a potent producer of such enzymes. enzyme secretion was best at 15 days of incubation period at ph 8 and temperature 40 degrees c. asparagine was repressive to protease expression. no relationship existed between the enzyme yield and increase in biomass. exogenous sugars suppressed enzyme ... | 2002 | 12749577 |
| morphological characterization of in-vitro human hair keratinolysis, produced by identified wild strains of chrysosporium species. | chrysosporium species were isolated from soil and keratinized material. primary isolation was performed following the general method of hair baiting on modified czapek-agar media with washed, defated and sterilized human hair fragments added. strains were maintained in test tubes of potato dextrose agar at 29 degrees c and cultivated on phytone yeast extract agar at 28 degrees c for 14 days for identification. isolates were characterized using van oorschot's key. keratinolytic activity was expre ... | 2002 | 12749579 |
| incidence of keratinophilic fungi from selected soils of kerala state (india). | one hundred and fifty-eight soil samples were collected from various areas of four districts of kerala and screened for prevalence of keratinophilic fungi and related dermatophytes. from the positive samples (60.75%), a total of eight genera with 15 species were isolated viz., arthroderma simii (0.63%), chrysosporium indicum (20.25%), c. keratinophilum (6.96%). c. lobatum (1.26%), c. pannicola (1.26%), c. tropicum (5.06%), chrysosporium state of arthroderma cuniculi (1.26%), chrysosporium state ... | 2002 | 12749581 |
| ecology of dermatophytes and other keratinophilic fungi in swimming pools and polluted and unpolluted streams. | the biodiversity and richness of keratinophilic fungal communities including dermatophytes were assessed in three stream sites and three swimming pools in the nablus district in palestine, using hair baiting (hbt) and surface dilution plate (sdp) techniques, over 8- and 6-month periods, respectively. the effect of wastewater effluent and selected ecological factors on these fungi in relation to species diversity and population densities were also considered. fifty keratinophilic fungal species w ... | 2002 | 12749584 |
| molecular taxonomy of dermatophytes and related fungi by chitin synthase 1 (chs1) gene sequences. | in the present study, the nucleotide sequences of the chs1 gene from dermatophytes and related fungi in the genera chrysosporium, epidermophyton, microsporum and trichophyton were investigated using molecular methods. about 440-bp genomic dna fragments of the chs1 gene from 21 species were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequenced. the chs1 nucleotide sequences of these fungi showed more than 83% similarity. the molecular taxonomy of the chs1 gene sequences revealed that microsp ... | 2003 | 12755475 |
| comparative studies of fungal degradation of single or mixed bioaccessible reactive azo dyes. | a screening using several fungi (phanerochaete chrysosporium, pleurotus ostreatus, trametes versicolor and aureobasidium pullulans) was performed on the degradation of syringol derivatives of azo dyes possessing either carboxylic or sulphonic groups, under optimized conditions previously established by us. t. versicolor showed the best biodegradation performance and its potential was confirmed by the degradation of differently substituted fungal bioaccessible dyes. enzymatic assays (lignin perox ... | 2003 | 12781230 |
| ests from the basidiomycete schizophyllum commune grown on nitrogen-replete and nitrogen-limited media. | lambda phage cdna libraries were constructed using mrnas from the basidiomycete schizophyllum commune grown on media with high or low nitrogen concentrations. a total of 440 clones were sequenced, representing 373 distinct transcripts. of these, 166 showed significant similarity to annotated genes in genbank. those that could be tentatively identified using blast searches were classified by function using the gene ontology (go) database. genes with products involved in cell-cycle processes were ... | 2003 | 12781677 |
| passing of fluorescein derivatives into the hyphae of phanerochaete chrysosporium. | fluorescein derivatives added into the growth medium were decolorized during submerged cultivation of phanerochaete chrysosporium. the highest decrease of absorbance a450 was observed in the growth phase regardless of the presence of inducers tween 80 or poly(ethylene glycol) (peg). fluorescein linked to peg was prepared and, after addition to cultures, shown to stimulate the production of lignin peroxidase. passing of fluorescing substances into hyphae (observed by confocal microscopy) showed t ... | 2003 | 12800503 |
| oxidation of thioanisole and p-methoxythioanisole by lignin peroxidase: kinetic evidence of a direct reaction between compound ii and a radical cation. | the reaction of h2o2 with thioanisole and p-methoxythioanisole catalysed by lignin peroxidase from phanerochaete chrysosporium has been studied spectrophotometrically under turnover and single turnover conditions with a stopped-flow apparatus. pre-formed lignin peroxidase compounds i and ii are each able to react with the sulphides to form a sulphide radical cation. the radical cation is then converted into the sulphoxide either by reaction with the medium or by reaction with compound ii. this i ... | 2003 | 12803544 |
| a new antifungal sterol sulfate, sch 601324, from chrysosporium sp. | | 2003 | 12817816 |
| cloning, sequencing, and heterologous expression of a cellobiohydrolase cdna from the basidiomycete corticium rolfsii. | from a corticium rolfsii cdna library, a clone homologous to other fungal cellobiohydrolase (cbh1) genes was isolated using the polymerase chain reaction. in the nucleotide sequence, one 1.6 kb long open reading frame coding for a polypeptide of 530 amino acid residues was detected which showed 64% identity with cbh1 of phanerochaete chrysosporium. with expression of the 1.8 kb cdna using the aspergillus oryzae expression system, we detected microcrystalline cellulose (avicel) hydrolyzing activi ... | 2003 | 12843660 |
| homologous expression of phanerochaete chrysosporium manganese peroxidase, using bialaphos resistance as a dominant selectable marker. | manganese peroxidase (mnp) is a major extracellular component of the lignin-degrading system of the white-rot fungus, phanerochaete chrysosporium. homologous expression of recombinant mnp isozyme 1 (rmnp1) in p. chrysosporium was achieved using a novel transformation system for this fungus, which utilizes the streptomyces hygroscopicus bialaphos-resistant gene, bar, as the selectable marker. the transformation frequency for this system is approximately 100 bialaphos-resistant transformants per m ... | 2003 | 12844234 |
| improvement of h2o2 stability of manganese peroxidase by combinatorial mutagenesis and high-throughput screening using in vitro expression with protein disulfide isomerase. | a functional expression system for a heme protein of phanerochaete chrysosporium, manganese peroxidase (mnp), was developed using the escherichia coli in vitro coupled transcription/translation system in the presence of hemin and fungal protein disulfide isomerase. this system has allowed the high-throughput construction and screening of a large diversity of mutant heme enzymes and has made it possible to improve the enzymatic function efficiently. here we increased the h2o2 stability of mnp usi ... | 2003 | 12874375 |
| use of a fluorescence labelled, carbohydrate-binding module from phanerochaete chrysosporium cel7d for studying wood cell wall ultrastructure. | the alpha-amino group of the carbohydrate-binding module (cbm) from phanerochaete chrysosporium cellulase cel7d was covalently labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate. the fluorescein-labelled cbm was characterised regarding substrate binding, showing specificity only to cellulose and not to mannan and xylan. conjugation of fluorescein isothiocyanate to cbm did not affect its binding to cellulose. the labelled cbm was successfully used as a probe for detecting cellulose in lignocellulose materi ... | 2003 | 12882144 |
| a scalable membrane gradostat reactor for enzyme production using phanerochaete chrysosporium. | this is the first demonstration of process scale-up of a membrane gradostat reactor for continuous enzyme production using phanerochaete chrysosporium me446. the fungus was immobilised by reverse filtration on to externally unskinned, ultrafiltration capillary membranes and then nutrient gradients were induced across the biofilm. a 10-fold scale-up from a single capillary bioreactor to a 2.4 l multi-capillary unit resulted in a 7-fold increase in enzyme productivity with a peak at 209 u l(-1) d( ... | 2003 | 12882287 |
| purification and characterization of a novel lignin peroxidase from white-rot fungus phanerochaete sordida yk-624. | we characterized kinetics and substrate oxidation of a novel lignin peroxidase (yk-lip) isolated from white-rot fungus phanerochaete sordida yk-624. yk-lip enzyme was identified and purified to homogeneity by anion-exchange chromatography and gel permeation chromatography. the molecular mass of yk-lip was approximately 50 kda, and the absorption spectrum of yk-lip was almost the same as that of the lip (pc-lip) from phanerochaete chrysosporium. steady-state kinetics of veratryl alcohol oxidation ... | 2003 | 12892894 |
| iron-responsive genes of phanerochaete chrysosporium isolated by differential display reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. | white-rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium, a ligninolytic basidiomycete, was studied to identify iron-responsive genes. using the differential display reverse transcription pcr technique (ddrt-pcr), a total of 97 differentially expressed cdna fragments were identified by comparing band intensities among fingerprints obtained from mycelia cultivated in iron-deficient and iron-replete media. transcripts induced under iron-starvation exhibited homologies to: a modular polyketide synthase, a tonb ... | 2003 | 12919413 |
| vertebrate helentrons and other novel helitrons. | helitrons, a novel class of eukaryote mobile genetic elements, are distinguished from other transposable elements by encoding a 'rolling circle' replication (rcr) protein (rep) and a helicase. helitrons have recently been described from arabidopsis, rice and the nematode caenorhabditis. we now report the discovery of helitron-like elements in vertebrates, specifically in the genomes of the fish danio rerio and sphoeroides nephelus. we also describe helitrons from the white rot fungus phanerochae ... | 2003 | 12957391 |
| pulmonary adiaspiromycosis in raccoons (procyon lotor) from oregon. | | 1999 | 12968748 |
| psychrophilic and mesophilic fungi in frozen food products. | the mold flora of certain frozen pastries and chicken pies was investigated. molds were determined qualitatively or quantitatively, or both, by preparing pour plates of the blended product and incubating the plates at various temperatures. the mesophilic fungal flora developed on plates incubated at 10 and 20 c, whereas psychrophilic fungi were obtained on plates incubated at 0 and 5 c. about 2,000 cultures of fungi, representing about 100 different species, were isolated from various products. ... | 1963 | 13927344 |
| fluorescent-antibody studies of the mycelial form of histoplasma capsulatum and morphologically similar fungi. | kaufman, leo (communicable disease center, atlanta, ga.), and brenda brandt. fluorescent-antibody studies of the mycelial form of histoplasma capsulatum and morphologically similar fungi. j. bacteriol. 87:120-126. 1964.-fluorescent-antibody reagents were developed to differentiate the mycelial form of the pathogen, histoplasma capsulatum, from several morphologically similar but saprophytic species of the genera sepedonium and chrysosporium. cross-staining and adsorption procedures revealed anti ... | 1964 | 14102844 |
| the isolation of chrysosporium keratinophilum (frey) carmichael 1962 and similar fungi from czechoslovakian soil. | | 1964 | 14205727 |
| [demonstration of chrysosporium keratinophilum (frey) carmichael, trichophyton evolceanui randhawa and sandhu and trichophyton indicum randhawa and sandhu in soil samples from germany]. | | 1965 | 14298542 |
| expression of a phanerochaete chrysosporium manganese peroxidase gene in the yeast pichia pastoris. | a gene encoding manganese peroxidase (mnp1) from phanerochaete chrysosporium was cloned downstream of a constitutive glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter in the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. three different expression vectors were constructed: pzbmnp contains the native p. chrysosporium fungal secretion signal, palphaamnp contains an alpha-factor secretion signal derived from saccharomyces cerevisiae, and pzbimnp has no secretion signal and was used for intracellular express ... | 2003 | 14524699 |
| a novel extracellular multicopper oxidase from phanerochaete chrysosporium with ferroxidase activity. | lignin degradation by the white rot basidiomycete phanerochaete chrysosporium involves various extracellular oxidative enzymes, including lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, and a peroxide-generating enzyme, glyoxal oxidase. recent studies have suggested that laccases also may be produced by this fungus, but these conclusions have been controversial. we identified four sequences related to laccases and ferroxidases (fet3) in a search of the publicly available p. chrysosporium database. one ... | 2003 | 14532088 |
| decolorization and bioremediation of molasses wastewater by white-rot fungi in a semi-solid-state condition. | molasses wastewater (vinasse; the by-product of distillation of fermented sugar) was decolorized and its chemical oxygen demand (cod) was reduced in static cultivation using the fungi coriolus versicolor, funalia trogii, phanerochaete chrysosporium and pleurotus pulmonarius ('pleurotus sajorcaju'). the effect of cotton stalk on decolorizing and cod removing capability of four fungi was determined. in the entire concentration range tested (10-30%), wastewater was effectively decolorized by c. ver ... | 2003 | 14533485 |
| production of phanerochaete chrysosporium lignin peroxidase. | liginin peroxidase (ligninase) of the white rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium burdsall was discovered in 1982 as a secondary metabolite. today multiple isoenzymes are known, which are often collectively called as lignin peroxidase. lignin peroxidase has been characterized as a veratryl alcohol oxidizing enzyme, but it is a relatively unspecific enzyme catalyzing a variety of reactions with hydrogen peroxide as the electron acceptor. p. chrysosporium ligninases are heme glycoproteins. at lea ... | 1992 | 14544534 |
| biopulping process design and kinetics. | biopulping is the solid-state fermentation of wood chips as a pretreatment for mechanical pulping processes. the two organisms that are currently of the greatest interest for biopulping are the white-rot fungi, phanerochaete chrysosporium and ceriporiopsis subvermispora. p. chrysosporium has been shown to successfully biopulp wood (33% energy savings; 39% improvement in tear index) without the need for sterilization of the wood or nutrient supplementation. demonstrating the practical and economi ... | 1993 | 14545684 |
| biochemistry of the oxidation of lignin by phanerochaete chrysosporium. | the objective of this research was to identify the biochemical agents responsible for the oxidative degradation of lignin by the white-rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium. we examined the hypothesis that activated oxygen species are involved, and we also sought the agent in ligninolytic cultures responsible for a specific oxidative degradative reaction in substructure model compounds. results of studies of the production of activated oxygen species by cultures, of the effect of their removal ... | 1984 | 14545695 |
| a continuous biological process to decolorize bleach plant effluents. | although almost every u.s. pulp mill has a biological wastewater treatment system, these systems based on bacteria, are largely ineffective in the removal of color. for this reason, we have attempted to utilize phanerochaete chrysosporium, a fungus known to degrade lignin, as the primary organism in a novel waste treatment scheme named the mycor process. color from bleached kraft mills originates principally from the first extraction stage of the bleach plant. it is this waste stream which is se ... | 1984 | 14545700 |
| [enhance of reproduction of phanerochaete chrysosporium by adding natural lixiviums in liquid medium]. | great promotion to the reproduction of white rot fungus (phanerochaete chrysosporium) by adding natural lixiviums such as from wood, maize core and potato in liquid medium was found in this research. incubated in the liquid medium contained 10 g/l glucose as carbon source with natural lixiviums for three days, the production of mycelium pellet reached more than 80 g/l, which was 5 times of without natural lixiviums. incubated in the liquid medium contained 5 mg/l glucose as carbon source with na ... | 2003 | 14551955 |
| the biodiversity of microbial cytochromes p450. | the cytochrome p450 (cyp) superfamily of genes and proteins are well known for their involvement in pharmacology and toxicology, but also increasingly for their importance and diversity in microbes. the extent of diversity has only recently become apparent with the emergence of data from whole genome sequencing projects and the coming years will reveal even more information on the diversity in microbial eukaryotes. this review seeks to describe the historical development of these studies and to ... | 2003 | 14560664 |
| phylogenetic relationships of the genus phanerochaete inferred from the internal transcribed spacer region. | phanerochaete is a genus of resupinate homobasidiomycetes that are saprophytic on woody debris and logs. morphological studies in the past indicated that phanerochaete is a heterogeneous assemblage of species. in this study the internal transcribed spacer (its) region of the nuclear ribosomal dna was used to test the monophyly of the genus phanerocthaete and to infer phylogenetic relationships of the 24 taxa studied. maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and bayesian analyses do not support the ... | 2003 | 14563129 |
| engineering the exo-loop of trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolase, cel7a. a comparison with phanerochaete chrysosporium cel7d. | the exo-loop of trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolase cel7a forms the roof of the active site tunnel at the catalytic centre. mutants were designed to study the role of this loop in crystalline cellulose degradation. a hydrogen bond to substrate made by a tyrosine at the tip of the loop was removed by the y247f mutation. the mobility of the loop was reduced by introducing a new disulphide bridge in the mutant d241c/d249c. the tip of the loop was deleted in mutant delta(g245-y252). no major struct ... | 2003 | 14568538 |
| non-sporulating chrysosporium: an opportunistic fungal infection in a neutropenic patient. | we report a case of an invasive infection with non-sporulating chrysosporium species in a patient who was treated with chemotherapy for relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. this patient presented with a persistent lobar pneumonia, skin lesions, and possible involvement of the central nervous system. the patient responded to treatment with amphotericin b and oral itraconazole. | 2002 | 14569730 |
| in situ localization of manganese peroxidase production in mycelial pellets of phanerochaete chrysosporium. | the ultrastructure of phanerochaete chrysosporium hyphae from pellets in submerged liquid cultures was investigated in order to learn more about the interrelation between fungal architecture and manganese peroxidase (mnp) production. at day 2 of cultivation, some subapical regions of hyphae in the outer and middle zones of the pellet initiated differentiation into intercalary thick-walled chlamydospore-like cells of about 10 micro m diameter. at the periphery of the cytoplasm of these cells, a l ... | 2003 | 14600224 |
| reactive oxygen species and induction of lignin peroxidase in phanerochaete chrysosporium. | we studied oxidative stress in lignin peroxidase (lip)-producing cultures (cultures flushed with pure o(2)) of phanerochaete chrysosporium by comparing levels of reactive oxygen species (ros), cumulative oxidative damage, and antioxidant enzymes with those found in non-lip-producing cultures (cultures grown with free exchange of atmospheric air [control cultures]). a significant increase in the intracellular peroxide concentration and the degree of oxidative damage to macromolecules, e.g., dna, ... | 2003 | 14602606 |
| biodegradation of exploded cotton stalk by bacillus sp. | the exploded bast, branch and stem of cotton stalk were degraded by alkalophilic bacillus nt-19, with weight losses of 24%, 20% and 14%, respectively, after 14 d. compared with a white-rot fungus (phanerochaete chrysosporium), bacillus nt- 19 preferentially degraded the non-cellulose components of cotton stem. the relative degree of crystallinity of bast fibers decreased by 8% and the middle lamella was partially removed from the fiber bundle by the bacillus. | 2003 | 14626420 |
| activity and elution profile of laccase during biological decolorization and dephenolization of olive mill wastewater. | the performance and enzymatic strategy exhibited by basidiomycete euc-1, a laccase producing strain, was investigated during the biodegradation of olive mill wastewater (omw). this strain yielded better decolorization of solidified omw than phanerochaete chrysosporium and removed 90% of phenols (initial concentration=800 mg l(-1)), 73% of color (initial a465=4.4), and 45% of chemical oxygen demand in batch cultures containing omw. since partial phenol removal occurred before the detection of enz ... | 2004 | 14643980 |
| discrimination against 13c during degradation of simple and complex substrates by two white rot fungi. | changes in isotopic 13c signatures of co2-c evolved during decomposition of a sugar (glucose), a fatty acid (palmitic acid), a protein (albumin), a structural biopolymer (lignin) and bulk plant tissue (aerial shoots from lolium perenne) were monitored over a period of 76 days. all materials were sterilized and inoculated with either of two different species of white rot fungi, phanerochaete chrysosporium or coriolus versicolor, and incubated in sealed bottles at 28 degrees c. the co2 concentrati ... | 2003 | 14648898 |
| false identification of coccidioides immitis: do molecular methods always get it right? | rrna sequence analysis of a partial region of the 18s and 5.8s-internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) region of chrysosporium keratinophilum highlights its potential molecular misidentification as coccidioides immitis. molecular identification of medically important fungi should not be based solely on sequence analysis of the 18s rrna gene but should be confirmed by sequence analysis of an additional rrna gene locus, such as the its region(s). | 2003 | 14662981 |
| microsomal transformation of organophosphorus pesticides by white rot fungi. | the enzymatic mechanism for the transformation of organophosphorus pesticides (opps) by different white-rot fungi strains was studied. with the exception of ganoderma applanatum 8168, all strains from a collection of 17 different fungi cultures were able to deplete parathion. three strains showing the highest activities were selected for further studies: bjerkandera adusta 8258, pleurotus ostreatus 7989 and phanerochaete chrysosporium 3641. these strains depleted 50 to 96% of terbufos, azinphos- ... | 2003 | 14669870 |
| molecular approach for analysis of model fungal genes encoding ligninolytic peroxidases in wood-decaying soil systems. | test the use of nondegenerated consensus polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primers targeting lip and mnp sequences to detect ligninolytic fungi in wood-decaying soil systems, avoiding the need for enrichment or isolation on traditional fungal media culture. | 2004 | 14687214 |
| laboratory efficacy tests for fungal metabolites of chrysosporium tropicum against culex quinquefasciatus. | efficacy of fungal metabolites of chrysosporium tropicum was evaluated against culex quinquefasciatus larvae in the laboratory to determine their larvicidal activity at 6 concentrations, with a mortality range of 10-95%. efficacy of c. tropicum was analyzed by probit analysis procedures. the lc50 (concentration lethal to 50% of the population) values were 38.9, 63.7, 79.0, and 122.6 microl/ml for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th instars, respectively. the lc50 values were 79.5, 95.6, 136.9, and 174.5 ... | 2003 | 14710744 |
| biodecolourisation of some industrial dyes by white-rot fungi. | eight white-rot fungal strains were screened for biodecolourisation of eight dyes commercially employed in various industries. decolourisation of poly r 478 was used as a standard to ascertain the dye-decolourisation potential of various fungi. all the fungi tested significantly decolourised poly r 478 on solid agar medium. when tested in a nitrogen-limited broth medium, dichomitus squalens, irpex flavus, phlebia spp. and polyporus sanguineus were better industrial dye decolourisers than phanero ... | 2004 | 14758557 |
| to enhance the reproduction of phanerochaete chrysosporium by adding natural lixiviums in liquid medium. | great promotion to the reproduction of white rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium by adding natural lixiviums such as from wood, maize core and potato in liquid medium was found in this research. incubated in the liquid medium contained 10 mg/l glucose as carbon source with natural lixiviums for three days, the production of mycelium pellet reaches more than 80 g/l, which is 5 times more than that of without natural lixiviums. incubated in the liquid medium contained 5 mg/l glucose as carbon s ... | 2003 | 14758901 |
| chronic granulomatous lung infection caused by the dimorphic fungus emmonsia sp. | a 64-year old farmer developed cough, dyspnoea on exertion, and recurrent febrile episodes. x-ray and ct scan revealed bilateral lower lobe opacities in his lungs. a transbronchial biopsy was performed and histopathological findings were interpreted as consistent with a pulmonary necrotizing clear-cell carcinoma and later as a pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. due to persistence of symptoms, six months later another lung biopsy was performed and a mould was cultured which was identified by 18s rdn ... | 2003 | 14760976 |
| biodegradation of the hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine ring cleavage product 4-nitro-2,4-diazabutanal by phanerochaete chrysosporium. | initial denitration of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx) by rhodococcus sp. strain dn22 produces co2 and the dead-end product 4-nitro-2,4-diazabutanal (ndab), ohcnhch2nhno2, in high yield. here we describe experiments to determine the biodegradability of ndab in liquid culture and soils containing phanerochaete chrysosporium. a soil sample taken from an ammunition plant contained rdx (342 micromol kg(-1)), hmx (octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine; 3,057 micromol kg(-1)), ... | 2004 | 14766596 |
| decolorization of textile dyeing wastewater by phanerochaete chrysosporium. | the potential use of fungal pellets for decolorization of the textile dyeing wastewater was evaluated. the live pellets of the fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium were found to remove more than 95% of the color of this wastewater within 1 d. the dye-removal capacity was a function of time and was proportional to the agitation rate; the optimum temperature was 30 degrees c. both live and dead pellets were further examined in a repeated-batch mode for 5 d. the decolorization performance of live pel ... | 2003 | 14976721 |
| addition of polyglycol to old culture of phanerochaete chrysosporium. | polyglycols increased lignin peroxidase activity in shaken cultures of phanerochaete chrysosporium even when they were added to an old fungus (5 or 10 d after inoculation). the effects depended on the polyglycol mol wts (10(2)-10(6) daltons) as well as on the backbone structure (i.e., poly[ethylene glycol], poly[butylene glycol], poly[propylene glycol]) and terminal groups (i.e., poly[ethylene glycol], poly[ethylene glycol] methyl ether, poly[ethylene glycol] dimethyl ether). the residual quanti ... | 2004 | 14981284 |
| modification of malachite green by fomes sclerodermeus and reduction of toxicity to phanerochaete chrysosporium. | malachite green (mg) is a triphenylmethane dye used as a fungicide but also possesses a high toxicity to mammalian cells. the toxicity of mg to fomes sclerodermeus and phanerochaete chrysosporium was assessed. p. chrysosporium was highly sensitive to the dye and it was unable to grow on solid media containing 64 microm of mg, lower concentrations caused a delay in growth. the radial growth of f. sclerodermeus was not affected at this concentration and up to 128 microm. in liquid media both fungi ... | 2004 | 14987766 |
| degradation of the antifouling compound irgarol 1051 by manganese peroxidase from the white rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium. | irgarol 1051 (2-methylthio-4-tert-butylamino-6-cyclopropylamino-s-triazine), a derivative of s-triazine herbicide, is an antifouling compound used as an alternative to organotins. the compound is highly persistent and is known to be biodegraded only by the white rot fungus, phanerochaete chrysosporium. we used partially purified manganese peroxidase (mnp) prepared from p. chrysosporium to evaluate its capacity to degrade irgarol 1051. mnp degraded irgarol 1051 to two major products, one identifi ... | 2004 | 14987947 |
| positive directional selection in the proline-rich antigen (pra) gene among the human pathogenic fungi coccidioides immitis, c. posadasii and their closest relatives. | in this study, we investigate the possibility of selection acting on the proline-rich antigen (pra) gene in natural populations of the two human pathogens, coccidioides immitis and coccidioides posadasii, and three of their close relatives, chrysosporium lucknowense, chrysosporium queenslandicum, and uncinocarpus reesii. we addressed the following questions: is diversifying selection acting on pra in the pathogenic species as a result of avoidance of the host's immune system, and has adaptation ... | 2004 | 15034131 |
| decolorization of sulfonphthalein dyes by manganese peroxidase activity of the white-rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium. | manganese peroxidase (mnp) was produced by shallow stationary cultures of phanerochaete chrysosporium growing on n-limited medium. decolorization of sulfonphthalein (sp) dyes by mnp was investigated. the mnp activity profile and decolorization of sp dyes was correlated and almost all dyes were decolorized at ph 4.0. the influence of various inhibitors on bromocresol purple decolorization suggested an oxidative nature of the mnp-catalyzed decolorization of sp dyes. | 2003 | 15058190 |
| lignin peroxidase is involved in the biobleaching of manganese-less oxygen-delignified hardwood kraft pulp by white-rot fungi in the solid-fermentation system. | biobleaching of manganese-less oxygen-delignified hardwood kraft pulp (e-okp) by the white-rot fungi phanerochaete sordida yk-624 and p. chrysosporium was examined in the solid-state fermentation system. p. sordida yk-624 possessed a higher brightening activity than p. chrysosporium, increasing pulp brightness by 13.4 points after seven days of treatment. in these fermentation systems, lignin peroxidase (lip) activity was detected as the principle ligninolytic enzyme, and manganese peroxidase an ... | 2004 | 15063497 |
| [human adiaspiromycosis: cicatricial lesions in mediastinal lymph nodes]. | chest roentgenogram of a sixty-year-old male patient, revealed a tumoral mass in the right lung, that was later demonstrated by transbronchial biopsy, to be a bronchogenic adenocarcinoma. there was no tomographic evidence of distant metastasis, however, in order to assess the mediastinal involvement for staging of the tumor, biopsies from the regional lymph nodes were obtained. microscopic examination of the sample tissues failed to show any metastatic lesion, but, unexpectedly, revealed the pre ... | 2004 | 15094906 |
| effects of four metals on the degradation of purified terephthalic acid wastewater by phanerochaete chrysosporium and strain fhhh. | | 2004 | 15106777 |
| metabolomic differential display analysis of the white-rot basidiomycete phanerochaete chrysosporium grown under air and 100% oxygen. | when the cultural atmosphere of the white-rot basidiomycete, phanerochaete chrysosporium, was changed from air to 100% oxygen, the lyophilized mycelial weight increased and thickening of extracellular glucan layer was observed in 2-3 days. to better understand the oxygen-stress responsive mechanism of p. chrysosporium, the metabolomic differential display analysis was performed using metabolites isolated from fungal cells grown under either air or 100% o(2) atmosphere. in the gc-ms total ion chr ... | 2004 | 15109728 |
| genome sequence of the lignocellulose degrading fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium strain rp78. | white rot fungi efficiently degrade lignin, a complex aromatic polymer in wood that is among the most abundant natural materials on earth. these fungi use extracellular oxidative enzymes that are also able to transform related aromatic compounds found in explosive contaminants, pesticides and toxic waste. we have sequenced the 30-million base-pair genome of phanerochaete chrysosporium strain rp78 using a whole genome shotgun approach. the p. chrysosporium genome reveals an impressive array of ge ... | 2004 | 15122302 |
| fungal cytochrome p450s catalyzing hydroxylation of substituted toluenes to form their hydroxymethyl derivatives. | the degradation of a series of nitroaromatic compounds by the lignin-degrading fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium was examined. from 4-nitrotoluene (4-nt), several metabolic intermediates were identified. initially, 4-nt was converted to 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol (4-nba), followed by the oxidation reactions to form 4-nitrobenzaldehyde and 4-nitrobenzoic acid, albeit slowly. exogenously added 4-nitrobenzaldehyde and 4-nitrobenzoic acid were predominantly reduced to 4-nba. the fungal formation of 4-nb ... | 2004 | 15135530 |
| differential transcription of beta-glucosidase and cellobiose dehydrogenase genes in cellulose degradation by the basidiomycete phanerochaete chrysosporium. | transcriptional analysis of beta-glucosidase gene (bgl) and cellobiose dehydrogenase gene (cdh) in relation to cellobiose metabolism in the basidiomycete phanerochaete chrysosporium was performed using real-time quantitative rt-pcr. addition of glucose to cellulose-degrading culture significantly decreased the number of both transcripts. in contrast, addition of cellobiose repressed only transcription of bgl but no effect for that of cdh. moreover, to investigate induction of the two genes, the ... | 2004 | 15158279 |
| evaluation of argentinean white rot fungi for their ability to produce lignin-modifying enzymes and decolorize industrial dyes. | the decolorizing capacity of 26 white rot fungi from argentina was investigated. extracellular production of ligninolytic enzymes by mycelium growing on solid malt extract/glucose medium supplemented with different dyes (malachite green, azure b, poly r-478, anthraquinone blue, congo red and xylidine), dye decolorization and the relationship between these two processes were studied. only ten strains decolorized all the dyes, all ten strains produced laccase, lignin peroxidase and manganese perox ... | 2004 | 15158509 |
| isolation of dermatophytes and other keratinophilic fungi from the vicinity of salt pan soils of mumbai, india. | soil samples from twenty salt pans and their vicinity around mumbai and thane were screened for the occurrence of keratinophilic fungi and related dermatophytes. ten species classified in six genera were recovered using horse hair as bait. the isolated species were reported in the following order of dominance: chrysosporium indicum (12.0%), microsporum gypseum complex (7.2%), c. tropicum (5.6%), c. state of ctenomyces serratus (4.0%), trichophyton terrestre (3.2%), malbranchea aurantiaca (2.4%), ... | 2004 | 15180153 |
| keratinophilic fungi on feathers of pigeon in maharashtra, india. | results of a preliminary survey of keratinophilic fungi associated with feathers of pigeon on high rise buildings in thane district of maharashtra (india) are reported. a total of 100 samples were examined, of which 67 samples were positive for keratinophilic fungi. altogether 67 fungal strains belonging to 10 species of seven genera were isolated viz. chrysosporium indicum (24%), chrysosporium sp. (2%), chr. tropicum (8%), chrysosporium state of arthroderma tuberculatum (3%), chrysosporium stat ... | 2004 | 15189186 |
| novel promoter sequence required for manganese regulation of manganese peroxidase isozyme 1 gene expression in phanerochaete chrysosporium. | manganese peroxidase (mnp) is a major, extracellular component of the lignin-degrading system produced by the wood-rotting basidiomycetous fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium. the transcription of mnp-encoding genes (mnps) in p. chrysosporium occurs as a secondary metabolic event, triggered by nutrient-nitrogen limitation. in addition, mnp expression occurs only under mn2+ supplementation. using a reporter system based on the enhanced green fluorescent protein gene (egfp), we have characterized t ... | 2004 | 15189980 |
| cellulase complex of the fungus chrysosporium lucknowense: isolation and characterization of endoglucanases and cellobiohydrolases. | using different chromatographic techniques, eight cellulolytic enzymes were isolated from the culture broth of a mutant strain of chrysosporium lucknowense: six endoglucanases (eg: 25 kd, pi 4.0; 28 kd, pi 5.7; 44 kd, pi 6.0; 47 kd, pi 5.7; 51 kd, pi 4.8; 60 kd, pi 3.7) and two cellobiohydrolases (cbh i, 65 kd, pi 4.5; cbh ii, 42 kd, pi 4.2). some of the isolated cellulases were classified into known families of glycoside hydrolases: cel6a (cbh ii), cel7a (cbh i), cel12a (eg28), cel45a (eg25). i ... | 2004 | 15193129 |
| assessment of wood-inhabiting basidiomycetes for biokraft pulping of softwood chips. | wood-inhabiting basidiomycetes have been screened for various applications in the pulp and paper industry and it is evident that different fungi need to be used to suit the specific requirements of each application. this study assessed the suitability of 278 strains of south african wood-decay fungi for the pre-treatment of softwood chips for kraft pulping. the influence of these fungi on kappa number, yield and strength properties of pulp was evaluated. a number of these strains were more effic ... | 2004 | 15207290 |
| growth substrate selection and biodegradation of pcp by new zealand white-rot fungi. | nine new zealand native white-rot fungi were studied for their ability to grow and survive on different substrates formulated from bark, wheat straw, sawdust, apple pomace and maize products in order to identify their pentachlorophenol (pcp) biodegradation potential and to select a fungal carrier for bioaugmentation of polluted soils. isolates were also evaluated to mineralize (14)c-pcp in liquid culture and in soil. the american fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium outgrew the native fungi on the ... | 2004 | 15217724 |
| improving the yield and quality of dna isolated from white-rot fungi. | a new simple method used to eliminate polysaccharides that cause problems during dna isolation was established for 6 different white-rot fungi using 1% hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (ctab) as wash buffer and followed by centrifugation. variation in the dna yield and quality was ascertained using precipitating agents, detergents and cell-wall-hydrolyzing chitinase. considerable amount of exopolysaccharides from fungal biomass was removed with the use of 1% ctab wash buffer followed by centri ... | 2004 | 15227780 |
| removal of monomeric phenols in dry mill olive residue by saprobic fungi. | the dry olive residue (dor) obtained from the olive oil extraction process has toxic components against plants and microorganism growth, particularly monomeric phenols. in this investigation nine saprobic fungi were found to be capable of completely removing these phenols from the solid after 20 weeks of growth, although the rate depended on the type of fungi and phenol. results showed that most of the fungi tested first eliminated o-diphenols and then non-o-diphenols. however, some fungi did no ... | 2004 | 15237956 |
| degradation of acrylic copolymers by white-rot fungi. | various water-soluble homopolymers and copolymers of acrylamide (aam) and acrylic acid (aa) which contained phenolic sites, such as guaiacol, lignin sulfonate (ls) and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,4-dhba), were tested with regard to their degradability by white-rot fungi. compared with phanerochaete chrysosporium, pleurotus ostreatus caused a significantly higher decrease in the average molecular weight ( mw) of most of the copolymers and the homopolymer under the applied culture conditions. how ... | 2004 | 15257422 |
| screening of filamentous fungi for the decolorization of a commercial reactive dye. | the aim of this work is to verify the ability of 19 isolates of 13 different fungal species to decolorize the reactive dye blue-bf-r. the isolates of pleurotus pulmonarius, p. ostreatus, p. ëous, p. citrinopileatus, lentinus edodes, phanerochaete chrysosporium, schizophyllum commune, agaricus blazei, ganoderma sp. and four isolates obtained from textile effluent were evaluated in minimum liquid medium. in addition, seven of them were also evaluated on solid medium, and both media were both added ... | 2004 | 15266601 |
| chemical nature, ligand denticity and quantification of fungal siderophores. | thirtyfive siderophore producing fungi were categorized for their hydroxamate, catecholate or carboxylate nature by chemical and bioassays. out of 35 fungi, 30 were hydroxamates and 5 showed carboxylate nature. however, none of the fungi produced catecholate type of siderophores. eighteen out of 29 fungi were trihydroxamate and the rest 11 fungi were dihydroxamates. twenty-three fungi were hexadentate and 6 were tetradentate in nature. quantification of siderophores using standard compounds defe ... | 2004 | 15274489 |
| cloning, functional expression and characterization of three phanerochaete chrysosporium endo-1,4-beta-xylanases. | three phanerochaete chrysosporium endo-1,4-beta-xylanase genes were cloned and expressed in aspergillus niger. two of these genes, xyna and xync, encode family 10 glycoside hydrolases, while the third, xynb, codes for a family 11 glycoside hydrolase. all three xylanases possess a type i carbohydrate-binding domain connected to the catalytic domain by a linker region. the three xylanases were purified to homogeneity by weak anion or avicell column chromatography and subsequently characterized. th ... | 2004 | 15278289 |
| characterization of a multicopper oxidase gene cluster in phanerochaete chrysosporium and evidence of altered splicing of the mco transcripts. | a cluster of multicopper oxidase genes (mco1, mco2, mco3, mco4) from the lignin-degrading basidiomycete phanerochaete chrysosporium is described. the four genes share the same transcriptional orientation within a 25 kb region. mco1, mco2 and mco3 are tightly grouped, with intergenic regions of 2.3 and 0.8 kb, respectively, whereas mco4 is located 11 kb upstream of mco1. all are transcriptionally active, as shown by rt-pcr. comparison of cdnas and the corresponding genomic sequences identified 14 ... | 2004 | 15289573 |
| enzymatic and fungal treatments on sugarcane bagasse for the production of mechanical pulps. | crude ligninolytic enzyme extracts from phanerochaete chrysosporium fungi were applied to sugarcane bagasse, prior to thermomechanical (tmp) and chemithermomechanical pulping (ctmp), and their properties were compared with the normal tmp and ctmp and also with tmp and ctmp pretreated with ceriporiopsis subvermispora and p. chrysosporium fungi. the sugarcane bagasse was impregnated with the crude enzyme extract containing lignin peroxidase (lip), manganese peroxidase (mnp), and laccase (lac). the ... | 2004 | 15291475 |
| regulation of cellulase and hemicellulase synthesis in the fungus chrysosporium sp. | | 2003 | 15296182 |
| biosensor based on cellobiose dehydrogenase for detection of catecholamines. | a cellobiose dehydrogenase (cdh)-modified graphite electrode was designed for amperometric detection of catecholamines in the flow injection mode, by their recycling between the graphite electrode (+300 mv vs ag|agcl) and the reduced fad cofactor of adsorbed cdh, resulting in an amplified response signal. the high efficiency of the enzyme-catecholamine reaction leads to a detection limit below 1 nm and a sensitivity of 15.8 a.m(-1) x cm(-2) (approximately 1150 na/microm) for noradrenaline, with ... | 2004 | 15307778 |
| bioremediation of paper and pulp mill effluents. | pulp and paper mill effluents pollute water, air and soil, causing a major threat to the environment. several methods have been attempted by various researchers throughout the world for the removal of colour from pulp and paper mill effluents. the biological colour removal process uses several classes of microorganisms--bacteria, algae and fungi--to degrade the polymeric lignin derived chromophoric material. white rot fungi such as phanerochaete chrysosporium, corius versicolor, trametes versico ... | 2003 | 15332490 |
| a survey on the pathogenic fungi in soil samples of potted plants from sari hospitals, iran. | a total of 23 soil samples of potted plants was collected from hospitals in sari, iran. each sample contained approximately 200 g soil, taken from a depth of 0-10 cm of the pots. samples were analysed by two different methods. (1) culture on sabouraud's dextrose agar medium containing chloramphenicol (sc); cultured fungi were identified by macroscopic and microscopic characterization. (2) the hair-baiting technique (hbt) was used to isolate the keratinophilic fungi. after culture on sc medium, 1 ... | 2004 | 15350715 |
| biodegradation of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (hmx) by phanerochaete chrysosporium: new insight into the degradation pathway. | octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (hmx) is a recalcitrant energetic chemical that tends to accumulate in soil, close to the surface. the present study describes the aerobic biodegradability of hmx using phanerochaete chrysosporium. when added to 7 day old static p. chrysosporium liquid cultures, hmx (600 nmol) degraded within 25 days of incubation. the removal of hmx was concomitant with the formation of transient amounts of its mono-nitroso derivative (1-no-hmx). the latter appar ... | 2004 | 15352451 |
| differential regulation and xenobiotic induction of tandem p450 monooxygenase genes pc-1 (cyp63a1) and pc-2 (cyp63a2) in the white-rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium. | the two tandem p450 monooxygenase genes (pc-1 and pc-2) reported by us earlier in phanerochaete chrysosporium were investigated for their regulation under nutrient-limited and nutrient-rich culture conditions. transcript analysis based on real-time quantitative rt-pcr showed higher expression of pc-1 in defined low-nitrogen and pc-2 in defined high-nitrogen media, with maximum expression on day 4, indicating that the two genes, though tandemly linked, are regulated in a non-coordinate manner. tr ... | 2004 | 15378295 |
| decolourisation of diverse industrial dyes by some phlebia spp. and their comparison with phanerochaete chrysosporium. | three species of phlebia, viz. p. brevispora, p. fascicularia and p. floridensis have been evaluated for their potential to decolourise eight industrial dyes including; reactive yellow, reactive orange, reactive red, rathidol scarlet, coracryl black, coracryl pink, coracryl violet and coracryl red. the cultures used for the present study were pre adapted by growing these on yeast glucose agar medium supplemented with poly-r 478, a reference dye. the fungal cultures were grown in mineral salts br ... | 2004 | 15378532 |
| degradation of 4-nitrophenol by the lignin-degrading basidiomycete phanerochaete chrysosporium. | the fungal metabolism of 4-nitrophenol (4-np) was investigated using the lignin-degrading basidiomycete, phanerochaete chrysosporium. despite its phenolic feature, 4-np was not oxidized by extracellular ligninolytic peroxidases. however, 4-np was converted to 1,2-dimethoxy-4-nitrobenzene via intermediate formation of 4-nitroanisole by the fungus only under ligninolytic conditions. the metabolism proceeded via hydroxylation of the aromatic ring and methylation of phenolic hydroxyl groups. althoug ... | 2004 | 15448939 |
| glutamic protease distribution is limited to filamentous fungi. | glutamic proteases are a distinct, and recently re-classified, group of peptidases that are thought to be found only in fungi. we have identified and analysed the distribution of over 20 putative glutamic proteases from all fungal species whose genomes have been sequenced so far. although absent from the saccharomycetales class, glutamic proteases appear to be present in all other ascomycetes species examined. a large number of coding regions for glutamic proteases were also found clustered toge ... | 2004 | 15451106 |
| direct oxidation of polymeric substrates by multifunctional manganese peroxidase isoenzyme from pleurotus ostreatus without redox mediators. | vps (versatile peroxidases) sharing the functions of lip (lignin peroxidase) and mnp (manganese peroxidase) have been described in basidiomycetous fungi pleurotus and bjerkandera. despite the importance of this enzyme in polymer degradation, its reactivity with polymeric substrates remains poorly understood. in the present study, we first report that, unlike lip, vp from pleurotus ostreatus directly oxidized two polymeric substrates, bovine pancreatic rnase and poly r-478, through a long-range e ... | 2005 | 15461584 |
| functional diversity of cytochrome p450s of the white-rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium. | the functional diversity of cytochrome p450s (p450s) of the white-rot basidiomycete, phanerochaete chrysosporium, was studied. a series of compounds known to be p450 substrates of other organisms were utilized for metabolic studies of p. chrysosporium. metabolic conversions of benzoic acid, camphor, 1,8-cineol, cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, coumarin, cumene, 1,12-dodecanediol, 1-dodecanol, 4-ethoxybenzoic acid, and 7-ethoxycoumarin were observed with p. chrysosporium for the first time. 1-dode ... | 2004 | 15465031 |
| isolation and purification of pyranose 2-oxidase from phanerochaete chrysosporium and characterization of gene structure and regulation. | pyranose 2-oxidase (pox) was recovered from phanerochaete chrysosporium bkm-f-1767 solid substrate culture using mild extraction conditions and was purified. (13)c-nuclear magnetic resonance confirmed production of d-arabino-hexos-2-ulose (glucosone) from d-glucose with the oxidase. peptide fingerprints generated by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry of tryptic digests and analysis of the corresponding cdna revealed a structurally unusual sequence for the p. chrysosporium pox. relati ... | 2004 | 15466516 |
| assessment of anthracene toxicity toward environmental eukaryotic microorganisms: tetrahymena pyriformis and selected micromycetes. | the toxicity of anthracene, a nonmutagenic, noncarcinogenic, low-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon present in the environment, was assessed using a ciliated protozoan, tetrahymena pyriformis, and a selection of 10 micromycetes from different taxonomic groups living in two environmental compartments, namely aquatic and soil ecosystems. with t. pyriformis, a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect was shown on the cell proliferation rate, ic(50) = 33.40+/-4.84 mg/l (kinetic method ... | 2005 | 15482845 |
| evaluation of solid-state bioconversion of domestic wastewater sludge as a promising environmental-friendly disposal technique. | natural and environmental-friendly disposal of wastewater sludge is a great concern. recently, biological treatment has played prominent roles in bioremediation of complex hydrocarbon- rich contaminants. composting is quite an old biological-based process that is being practiced but it could not create a great impact in the minds of concerned researchers. the present study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the solid-state bioconversion (ssb) processes in the biodegradation of wastewat ... | 2004 | 15491662 |
| genotoxicity of degradation products of textile dyes evaluated with rec-assay after photofenton and ligninase treatment. | fourteen textile and biological dyes, belonging to the azo, triphenylmethane, anthraquinone, heterocyclic, oxazine, and methine/polymethine groups, were degraded using the photofenton treatment (pft) and the phanerochaete chrysosporium crude ligninase enzyme (ed) treatment. the genotoxicity of the dyes and of their degradation products were assessed with the rec-assay. we found that the genotoxicity depended on the dye and on the method of degradation. in general, pft was better than ed in decre ... | 2004 | 15511215 |
| benzo[a]pyrene removal from soil by phanerochaete chrysosporium grown on sugarcane bagasse and pine sawdust. | the capacity of phanerochaete chrysosporium grown on soil with added sugarcane baggase (bp) and pine sawdust (ps) to remove benzo(a)pyrene (bap) was studied. a half factorial two-level experiment 2(4-1) was designed to determine the effect of: type of lignocellulosic material (bp and ps) for fungus growth, age of fungus (5 and 10d), amount of lignocellulosic material (10% and 15% w/w) and soil moisture content (water holding capacity of 45% and 56% w/w). inoculum obtained at different ages showe ... | 2005 | 15522327 |
| diversity of keratinophilic mycoflora in the soil of agra (india). | diversity of keratinophilic mycoflora in the soil of agra was under observation for 1 year (july 2001-june 2002) and isolation of keratinophilic fungi was followed by the hair-baiting method. the frequency of occurrence of keratinophilic fungi in 284 soil samples collected from various hospitals, cattle yards, poultry farms, crop fields and playgrounds was determined, 204 samples (72%) having been found to be positive. a total of 33 species classified into 11 genera (acremonium, aspergillus, chr ... | 2004 | 15530009 |
| specific xyloglucanases as a new class of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes. | three specific xyloglucanases (xgs) were isolated from aspergillus japonicus (32 kda, pi 2.8), chrysosporium lucknowense (78 kda, pi 3.8) and trichoderma reesei (75-105 kda, pi 4.1-4.3). the characteristic feature of these enzymes was their high specific activity toward tamarind xyloglucan, whereas the activity against carboxymethylcellulose (cmc) and barley beta-glucan was absent or very low. peptide mass fingerprinting using maldi-tof mass spectrometry showed that the t. reesei xg represents c ... | 2004 | 15541296 |
| fungal degradation of wood: initial proteomic analysis of extracellular proteins of phanerochaete chrysosporium grown on oak substrate. | two-dimensional (2-d) gel electrophoresis was used to separate the extracellular proteins produced by the white-rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium. solid-substrate cultures grown on red oak wood chips yielded extracellular protein preparations which were not suitable for 2-d gel analysis. however, pre-washing the wood chips with water helped decrease the amount of brown material which caused smearing on the acidic side of the isoelectric focusing gel. the 2-d gels from these wood-grown cultu ... | 2005 | 15551134 |
| cutaneous adiaspiromycosis: a distinct dermatologic entity associated with chrysosporium species. | primary cutaneous infection with chrysosporium, a saprophytic fungus commonly found in soil, is believed to be very rare, with only two previously reported cases. we present a case of localized cutaneous chrysosporium in an immunocompromised heart transplant patient. considering that the histology of the skin in this case is superimposable on that seen in pulmonary chrysosporium known as adiaspiromycosis, we regard the cutaneous variant in the absence of pulmonary disease as a distinct dermatolo ... | 2004 | 15577766 |
| a h2o2-producing glyoxal oxidase is required for filamentous growth and pathogenicity in ustilago maydis. | in the phytopathogenic fungus ustilago maydis the mating-type loci control the transition from yeast-like to filamentous growth required for pathogenic development. in a large remi (restriction enzyme mediated integration) screen, non-pathogenic mutants were isolated in a haploid strain that had been engineered to be pathogenic. in one of these mutants, which showed a specific morphological phenotype, the tagged gene, glo1 , was found to encode a product that is highly homologous to a glyoxal ox ... | 2004 | 15578222 |