Publications

activities of aztreonam and new cephalosporins against infrequently isolated gram-negative bacilli.	the susceptibilities of 159 clinical isolates of glucose nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli were determined for eight new monobactam or beta-lactam antibiotics. imipemide (n-formimidoyl thienamycin) was effective against the largest number of species, although not against pseudomonas maltophilia. cefoperazone and ceftazidime, but not cefsulodin, were active against infrequently isolated pseudomonas species. aztreonam, moxalactam, cefotaxime, and ceftizoxime demonstrated selective activity aga ...	1983	6685453
neonatal infections due to pseudomonas maltophilia.		1984	6698592
reliability of early identifications obtained with enterobacteriaceae-plus biochemical cards in the automicrobic system.	the automicrobic system (ams) is capable of identifying most enterobacteriaceae within 8 h and many glucose-nonfermenting, gram-negative bacilli after 13 h of incubation. early preliminary results can be readily obtained from the computer as the tests incubate. data with 1,023 bacterial isolates were reviewed to determine the relative accuracy of 4-, 6-, 8-, 10-, and 13-h identifications. all automicrobic system identifications with probability (p) values of less than 0.80 were considered equivo ...	1982	6749890
headspace analysis of volatile metabolites of pseudomonas aeruginosa and related species by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.	gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of headspace volatiles was performed on cultures of 11 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa and 1 strain each of pseudomonas cepacia, pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas putrefaciens, pseudomonas fluorescens, and pseudomonas maltophilia. all strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa produced a distinctive series of odd-carbon methyl ketones, particularly 2-nonanone and 2-undecanone, and 2-aminoacetophenone. the other strains failed to produce 2-aminoacetophenone. ...	1980	6775012
antimicrobial susceptibility of acinetobacter calcoaceticus, serratia marcescens, pseudomonas fluorescens and pseudomonas maltophilia to three novel cephalosporin-like antibiotics.		1980	6777362
[relationship of pseudomonas maltophilia alkaline phosphatase to its membranes].	the localization of alkaline phosphomonoesterase (ec 3.1.3.1) was studied in two pseudomonas species: p. maltophilia vkm b-591 and p. aeruginosa vkm b-889. the former species is characterized by constitutive synthesis of alkaline phosphatase, and its level is not regulated by orthophosphate in the medium. the enzyme of the latter species is orthophosphate-repressible. the two species differ also in the localization of the enzyme in the cell. under the conditions of derepression (the absence of i ...	1981	6796809
csf infections complicating the management of neoplastic meningitis. clinical features and results of therapy.	this study analyzes the clinical and bacteriologic features of csf infections that occurred in patients with neoplastic meningitis treated with thiotepa and methotrexate administered through a subcutaneous reservoir and ventricular catheter (srvc). thirty-one patients were treated, and csf infections occurred in four (13%). staphylococcus epidermidis was the infecting organism in each case and pseudomonas maltophilia occurred with s epidermidis in one patient. fever, headache, lethargy, and evid ...	1982	6802096
enzymatic profile of pseudomonas maltophilia.	an enzymatic profile of 20 strains of pseudomonas maltophilia was undertaken with conventional plate tests, api zym, and 4-methylumbelliferyl-conjugated substrates. all strains produced dnase, rnase, arbutinase, esterases and lipases, mucinase, acid and alkaline phosphatases, alkaline pyrophosphate diesterase, phosphoamidase, beta-glucosidase, leucine arylamidase, and acetatase and were hemolytic for horse, sheep, and rabbit blood. the majority of strains produced chitinase, hyaluronidase, album ...	1982	6813350
lipopolysaccharides from pseudomonas maltophilia: composition of the lipopolysaccharide and structure of the side-chain polysaccharide from strain n.c.i.b. 9204.	lipopolysaccharide was extracted from defatted cell-walls of pseudomonas maltophilia n.c.i.b. 9204. the major fatty acid components were 9-methyldecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-9-methyldecanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-9-methyldecanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-dodecanoic acid, and 3-hydroxy-11-methyldodecanoic acid. monosaccharide components of the phosphorylated core-oligosaccharide were d-glucose, d-mannose, d-galacturonic acid, 2-amino-2-deoxyglucose, and a 3-deoxyoctulosonic acid. the putative o-specific polysacchar ...	1983	6831490
dna hybridization studies of the association of pseudomonas maltophilia with inflammatory bowel diseases.	an infectious etiology has been suggested for the inflammatory bowel diseases, crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and an association of cell wall-defective variants of pseudomonas maltophilia and pseudomonas-like group va bacteria with crohn's disease has been reported by parent and mitchell. seven of the parent-mitchell isolates were compared by using dna hybridization and six were identical and similar, but not identical, to a type strain of p. maltophilia. the seventh isolate showed exte ...	1983	6854128
in vitro activity of azthreonam, a monobactam antibiotic.	we studied the activity of azthreonam (sq 26,776), a novel monocyclic beta-lactam compound, against a variety of clinical isolates. it was more potent than moxalactam, cefoperazone, cefamandole, cefoxitin, ticarcillin, tobramycin, or amikacin against strains of klebsiella spp., serratia spp., and the proteus group. it was highly effective against escherichia coli and strains of salmonella spp. the median minimal inhibitory concentration for all species of enterobacteriaceae was less than or equa ...	1982	6891198
antibacterial activities of a new stabilized thienamycin, n-formimidoyl thienamycin, in comparison with other antibiotics.	the in vitro activity of a new crystalline derivative of thienamycin, n-formimidoyl thienamycin (mk0787), was tested against 46 laboratory reference strains and 2,158 clinical isolates of gram-positive and -negative bacteria, including anaerobes, and compared with cefoxitin, cefaxolin, carbenicillin, and amikacin. mk0787 was significantly more active than the reference antibiotics against most bacteria tests. mk0787 was 16- to 500-fold more active than the other antibiotics against staphylococcu ...	1980	6931548
in vitro comparison of cefotetan with five other cephalosporins against nosocomial pathogens.	the in vitro activity of cefotetan against staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacterial strains including nonfermenting species has been compared with that of cefoxitin, cefotaxim, moxalactam, cefoperazone and ceftazidime by use of an agar dilution method. cefotetan was found to be inactive against pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter species and only moderately active against staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas maltophilia, pseudomonas cepacia, and enterobacter cloacae. it was more acti ...	1982	6958416
studies on glucose nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli. iii. plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance in pseudomonas maltophilia.		1982	6958815
in vitro and in vivo activity of dl-8280, a new oxazine derivative.	dl-8280, 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7h- pyrido-(1,2,3-de)1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid, is a new nalidixic acid analog with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, including obligate anaerobes. the activity of dl-8280 against enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, haemophilus influenzae, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and clostridium perfringens was roughly comparable to that of norfloxacin and far exceede ...	1982	6960805
purification and properties of inducible penicillin beta-lactamase isolated from pseudomonas maltophilia.	two types of beta-lactamase were found in the cell-free extract from pseudomonas maltophilia gn12873. one was an inducible penicillin beta-lactamase, and the other was an inducible cephalosporin beta-lactamase. the purified penicillin beta-lactamase gave a single protein band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the isoelectric point was 6.9, and the approximate molecular weight was 118,000 by gel filtration and 26,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, suggesting th ...	1982	6983856
evaluation of the minitek system for identification of nonfermentative and nonenteric fermentative gram-negative bacteria.	the minitek identification system (mt) was compared with a conventional testing battery for the characterization of 735 isolates which included 57 species and groups of nonfermentative (nf) and nonenteric fermentative (nef) gram-negative bacteria. the mt correctly identified 585 of 616 nf (94,96%) and 115 of 119 nef (96.65%) bacteria and 700 of 735 strains (95.24%) overall. a total of 31 nf and nef (4.22%) bacteria were misidentified, and no identification was determined for four strains (0.69%) ...	1980	6999019
evaluation of the four-hour micro-id technique for direct identification of oxidase-negative, gram-negative rods from blood cultures.	a 4-h micro-id technique for direct identification of oxidase-negative gram-negative rods from positive blood cultures was compared to subculture and species identification of single colonies by api 20e and micro-id, using standardized inocula. a total of 127 patients (220 positive cultures) were studied. isolates included 96 escherichia coli, 46 klebsiella pneumoniae, 7 klebsiella oxytoca, 8 enterobacter aerogenes, 17 enterobacter cloacae, 19 serratia marcescens, 2 serratia liquefaciens, 8 prot ...	1980	6999020
[micavibrio admirandus gen. et sp. nov].	micavibrio gen. nov. (m.l. fem. n. mica--a tiny thing and m.l. masc. n. vibroia generic name, m.l. masc. n. micavibrio a tiny vibrio). cells are single, small curved rods, in motile stage with a single polar not sheathed flagellum. reproduced by binary division, gram-negative. cells attach to host-bacteria cells and grow as exoparasites destroying the host, may exhibit a host-range specificity. the g + c content of the dna of the strain examined is 57,1% m. isolated from sewage waters. the type ...	1982	7070304
[susceptibilities of pseudomonas species to aminoglycosides and tetracyclines].	pseudomonas aeruginosa has attracted much attention through its role in hospital outbreaks of disease. however, other members of the genus pseudomonas, particularly pseudomonas maltophilia and pseudomonas cepacia, may be isolated as opportunistic pathogens of man, and can be found in hospital materials. these organisms have been less susceptible to the commonly used antibiotics. this report deals with the in vitro sensitivity of pseudomonas strains except for p. aeruginosa to aminoglycosides and ...	1982	7131756
infections caused by pseudomonas maltophilia with emphasis on bacteremia: case reports and a review of the literature.	ten cases of pseudomonas maltophilia bacteremia were identified over a five-year period at the university of pittsburgh medical center. our experience and a review of the literature show that p. maltophilia can cause a wide spectrum of disease. we present cases of pneumonia and infections of the biliary tract and urinary tract in which the organism was isolated simultaneously from blood. p. maltophilia endocarditis occurs in the context of iv drug abuse or as a postoperative complication of pros ...	1982	7156659
nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria and their differentiation from pseudomonas aeruginosa.	pseudomonas aeruginosa strains and other nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria isolated from surgical patients and environmental washings at a surgical in-patient department were characterized bacteriologically. the biochemical and cultivation features of 156 p. aeruginosa strains, 35 strains of oxidase-negative and 31 strains of oxidase-positive gram-negative bacteria other than p. aeruginosa were studied. nonpigmented p. aeruginosa strains and strains with delayed pigmentation accounted for, re ...	1982	7161487
sensitivity of 341 non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria to seven beta-lactam antibiotics.	susceptibility of 341 isolates of non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria to carbenicillin, piperacillin, cefoperazone, moxalactam, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, and n-formimidoyl thienamycin was determined by the agar dilution and disc diffusion methods. piperacillin was the most active agent against pseudomonas aeruginosa, thienamycin the most active against pseudomonas fluorescens and pseudomonas putida, and moxalactam the most active against pseudomonas maltophilia. piperacillin and thienamycin w ...	1982	7173181
lipopolysaccharides from pseudomonas maltophilia. structural studies of the side-chain, core, and lipid-a regions of the lipopolysaccharide from strain nctc 10257.	structural studies have been carried out on the o-specific polysaccharide, the core oligosaccharide, and the lipid a from the lipopolysaccharide of pseudomonas maltophilia nctc 10257. by means of 13c nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, a tetrasaccharide repeating-unit for the o-specific polymer has been confirmed. however, the data suggest that the l-rhamnopyranosyl residue at the branching point has the alpha configuration rather than beta as proposed previously [neal, d.j. and wilkinson, ...	1982	7173201
nosocomial bacteremia. an epidemiologic overview.	each year nosocomial bacteremia develops in approximately 194,000 patients in u.s. hospitals (5/1,000); 75,000 die. these infections portend $.28 to $.86 billion added costs to health care. most nosocomial bacteremias occur endemically and are secondary bacteremias, caused by postoperative wound or intra-abdominal infections, urinary tract infections or pneumonia; primary bacteremias most frequently originate from intravascular devices, but the source is unrecognized. between 1965 and 1978, 97 e ...	1981	7211906
pseudomonas maltophilia bacteremia in children undergoing open heart surgery.	pseudomonas maltophilia was isolated from intraoperative blood cultures in eight of 13 children undergoing open heart surgery during a five-week period. antibiograms were identical and included resistance to prophylactic antibiotics. the source of the outbreak was traced to contamination of both the calibration device used on the pressure monitoring system and the sensor surface of transducers used in this system. in a mock system, calibration with a contaminated device resulted in recovery of t ...	1981	7277630
digestion of algin by pseudomonas maltophilia and pseudomonas putida.	pseudomonas maltophilia and pseudomonas putida were identified as alginolytic species. two media used for demonstrating alginolytic activity are described. the applied aspects of the ability of these two species to digest algin are discussed.	1980	7356324
[presence of pseudomonas maltophilia in the rhizosphere of several cultivated plants].	pseudomonas maltophilia has been identified in the rhizosphere of several cultured plants: cabbage, rape, mustard, corn, beet. in comparison with nonrhizospheric soil, all the rhizospheric samples analysed contain more of this pseudomonas and the most important stimulation is supplied by cruciferous plants. the possible relation with greater amounts of sulphur-containing amino acids in root secretion is suggested.	1980	7378940
synergistic interaction in vitro with use of three antibiotics simultaneously against pseudomonas maltophilia.	an abbreviated three-dimensional checkerboard titration method was devised to determine whether synergistic interaction of three antimicrobial agents could be found against multidrug-resistant bacteria. pseudomonas maltophilia was used as the test organism because of its resistance to most commercially available antimicrobial agents, including those active against pseudomonas aeruginosa. three-dimensional isobolograms with concave surfaces were formed when synergy occurred. triple combinations o ...	1980	7441019
relationship of primer specificity of fatty acid de novo synthetase to fatty acid composition in 10 species of bacteria and yeasts.	fatty acid compositions of lipids from six bacteria and four yeasts were determined. fatty acid de novo synthetases were investigated with respect to chain length specificity towards acyl-coa primers of various chain lengths. four species of bacteria (bacillus subtilis, corynebacterium cyclohexanicum, micrococcus luteus, and pseudomonas maltophilia) possess branched-chain fatty acids of the iso and anteiso series as the major acids. de novo synthetases from these organisms exhibited specificity ...	1980	7459715
[frequency of clinical isolation of glucose non-fermentative gram-negative rods and their susceptibilities to antibacterial agents].	a comparison was made for frequencies of isolation o glucose non-fermentative gram-negative rods ((g)nf-gnr) from clinical specimens during a period from july, 1986 to june, 1987 (the first period) and that from january, 1994 to december, 1994 (the second period). also, minimum inhibitory concentrations of principal drugs were determined against these isolates. the obtained results are summarized as follows: 1. thirty four (34) species of (g)nf-gnr were found from 35,200 clinical specimens in th ...	1995	7474336
e test: a novel technique for antimicrobial susceptibility testing.	we describe the applicability of the e test (ab biodisk solna, sweden), a new method for determining minimum inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial agents against bacteria. this report is based on the literature review and on our own experience using the e test for susceptibility testing of the xanthomonas maltophilia, streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus viridans group against eight different drugs.	1994	7481427
isolation and structure determination of two novel phenazines from a streptomyces with inhibitory activity against metallo-enzymes, including metallo-beta-lactamase.	two novel metabolites, sb 212021 and sb 212305, have been isolated from a streptomyces and shown to have molecular formulae of c15h10n2o5 and c20h17n3o8s, respectively. the structures were deduced by a combination of nmr techniques and mass spectral fragmentation patterns and shown to be novel members of the phenazine group of antibiotics. in the absence of added zinc, both compounds had ic50's of 1-75 microm for the bacteroides fragilis 262 cfia and xanthomonas maltophilia l-1 metallo-beta-lact ...	1995	7490211
structure of the o6 antigen of stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas or pseudomonas) maltophilia.	a polysaccharide containing d-xylose, l-rhamnose, and n-acetyl-d-glucosamine was released on mild acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide extracted from defatted cell walls of stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas or pseudomonas) maltophilia strain 557, the reference strain for serotype o6. by means of nmr spectroscopy and chemical degradations, the repeating unit of the polymer was identified as a branched trisaccharide with the structure shown. [formula: see text]	1995	7497479
the effect of late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia in determining patient mortality.	to determine whether the development of late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) is associated with an increased risk of hospital mortality.	1995	7497777
synergistic interaction between ofloxacin and cefotaxime against common clinical pathogens.	antimicrobial synergy resulting from combined antibiotic therapy is often important in the treatment of serious bacterial infections. to investigate the interactions between cefotaxime (ctx), desacetylcefotaxime (des), and ofloxacin (ofl), 247 recent clinical isolates were tested for in vitro susceptibility to each antibiotic alone by an agar dilution technique and retested with the various antibiotic combinations using a checkerboard protocol. fractional inhibitory concentrations were calculate ...	1995	7499004
nosocomial and community-acquired xanthomonas maltophilia infection in tropical australia.	xanthomonas maltophilia infection is recognized as a serious problem in association with immunosuppressive and invasive therapies, and with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. in darwin hospital in australia's northern territory preliminary evidence of nosocomial transmission of x. maltophilia prompted this retrospective examination of all x. maltophilia isolates over a 30 month period. x. maltophilia was most frequently isolated in the 'wet season' corresponding to times of increased antibio ...	1995	7499812
characterization of the 48.5 kda chorionic gonadotropin-like protein from xanthomonas maltophilia.	our laboratory has previously reported the isolation of a 48.5 kda membrane protein from xanthomonas maltophilia (atcc 13637) which immunologically cross-reacts with the beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) in both polyclonal and monoclonal radioimmunoassays (ria) (1). the protein showed no reaction in rias for human lh, tsh, or the free alpha subunit of hcg. we have now improved the protein purification procedure and have obtained adequate bacterial protein to characterize the pur ...	1993	7507043
piperacillin/tazobactam. a review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential.	combining tazobactam, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, with the ureidopenicillin, piperacillin, successfully restores the activity of piperacillin against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. tazobactam has inhibitory activity, and therefore protects piperacillin against richmond and sykes types ii, iii, iv and v beta-lactamases, staphylococcal penicillinase and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. however, tazobactam has only species-specific activity against class i chromosomally-mediated enzymes. resi ...	1994	7514977
monoclonal antibodies to pseudomonas pseudomallei and their potential for diagnosis of melioidosis.	monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for pseudomonas pseudomallei antigens were produced by immunizing balb/c mice with a crude whole cell extract. hybrids secreting mabs specific for p. pseudomallei antigens were identified by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) against a panel of crude whole cell extracts from p. pseudomallei, p. cepacia, p. aeruginosa, p. putida, p. alcaligenes, xanthomonas maltophilia, klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, salmonel ...	1995	7535014
structure of the o10 antigen of stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia.	a polysaccharide containing l-rhamnose and l-xylose was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide extracted from the cell walls of the reference strain for stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia serogroup o10. by means of nmr studies and methylation analysis, the repeating unit of the polymer was identified as a branched tetrasaccharide of the structure shown. [formula: see text]	1995	7535190
complete sequence of the gene encoding a chorionic gonadotropin-like protein from xanthomonas maltophilia.	our laboratory has previously reported that: (i) xanthomonas maltophilia (xm) produces a protein which has immunological resemblance to the beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) and (ii) possesses a high-affinity receptor which binds holo hcg, and the endogenous ligand, xm chorionic gonadotropin (xcg), but does not bind human luteinizing hormone (hlh). we have also previously published a 492-bp partial nucleotide sequence of the gene (xcg) coding for xcg. we report herein the entire ...	1995	7537705
xanthomonas maltophilia misidentified as pseudomonas cepacia in cultures of sputum from patients with cystic fibrosis: a diagnostic pitfall with major clinical implications.	pseudomonas cepacia infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) has major significance in terms of infection control, psychosocial issues, and medical treatment. we describe three instances in which the diagnostic laboratory misidentified xanthomonas maltophilia as p. cepacia in cultures of sputum from patients with cf. these errors were recognized when 3 (9%) of 32 isolates, which had all been identified as p. cepacia and had been submitted to the canadian pseudomonas repository laboratory ...	1995	7537977
multicenter spanish study of ciprofloxacin susceptibility in gram-negative bacteria. the spanish study group on quinolone resistance.	the susceptibility of 2,426 gram-negative bacteria obtained from 18 spanish hospitals to ciprofloxacin was evaluated. among different medical centers, susceptibility to ciprofloxacin ranged from 83 to 100% for enterobacteriaceae, from 35 to 100% for pseudomonas aeruginosa, from 0 to 100% for xanthomonas maltophilia, acinetobacter spp. and other gram-negative non-fermenting bacilli, and from 33 to 100% for campylobacter spp. all clinical isolates of haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis a ...	1995	7556239
the in-vitro activity of cp 99,219, a new naphthyridone antimicrobial agent: a comparison with fluoroquinolone agents.	the in-vitro activity of a new fluoroquinolone, cp 99,219 was compared with that of ciprofloxacin, du 6859, sparfloxacin and levofloxacin. cp 99,219 showed generally similar in-vitro activity to the other compounds tested against the enterobacteriaceae (mic90 of all agents < 0.5 mg/l except morganella morganii). it was found to be more active than ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin and levofloxacin against the strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus tested (mic90 1 mg/l). cp 99,219 was found to be four- ...	1995	7559198
molecular typing of stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia by dna macrorestriction analysis and random amplified polymorphic dna analysis.	stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia is a multidrug-resistant, nosocomial pathogen for which optimal typing methods in epidemiologic investigations of nosocomial outbreaks have not been defined. we compared dna macrorestriction analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) with random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis by arbitrarily primed pcr for molecular typing of 109 multidrug-resistant strains of s. maltophilia from multiple outbreaks at our institution over a 10-month p ...	1995	7559978
the emergence of epidemic, multiple-antibiotic-resistant stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia and burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia.	stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia has recently emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen in immunocompromised cancer patients and transplant recipients. s. maltophilia has been documented as a cause of bacteraemia, infections of the respiratory and urinary tracts, meningitis, serious wound infections, mastoiditis, epididymitis, conjunctivitis and endocarditis. the reservoir of s. maltophilia and the mechanisms by which it is transmitted, remain largely unknown. risk analysis has shown ...	1995	7560984
the phylogenetic distribution of a transposable dioxygenase from the niagara river watershed.	horizontal gene transfer in the bacteria has been demonstrated to occur under natural conditions. the ecological impact of gene transfer events depends on the new genetic material being expressed in recipient organisms, and on natural selection processes operating on these recipients. the phylogenetic distribution of cbaab genes for chlorobenzoate 3,4-(4,5)-dioxygenase, which are carried within tn5271 on the incp beta plasmid pbrc60, was investigated using isolates from freshwater microcosms and ...	1995	7582167
oligonucleotide primers designed to differentiate pathogenic pseudomonads on the basis of the sequencing of genes coding for 16s-23s rrna internal transcribed spacers.	universal primers targeting conserved sequences flanking the 3' end of the 16s and the 5' end of the 23s rrna genes (rdnas) were used to amplify the 16s-23s rdna internal transcribed spacers (its) from eight species of pseudomonads which have been associated with human infections. amplicons from reference strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas cepacia, pseudomonas gladioli, pseudomonas mallei, pseudomonas mendocina, pseudomonas pickettii, pseudomonas pseudomallei, and xanthomonas maltoph ...	1995	7583922
antimicrobial activity of cefotaxime tested against infrequently isolated pathogenic species (unusual pathogens).	the cefotaxime sodium spectrum of activity is very broad and includes many common species and a variety of less frequently isolated pathogens. we have reviewed the clinical microbiology literature (44 references) and the data base of the university of iowa hospitals and clinics (iowa city, ia) to collect data on the activity of cefotaxime against the less common species. cefotaxime was consistently active against actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, capnocytophaga spp., eikenella corrodens, ery ...	1995	7587049
some factors affecting the airborne survival of bacteria outdoors.	airborne survival of two pseudomonads and a reference strain of escherichia coli (strain mre 162) was studied outdoors using a modified microthread technique. when cells of e. coli were suspended as clusters, survival was much greater than single cells, particularly outdoors. culture age had a highly significant effect on survival of pseudomonas maltophila with survival of 24 h cultures being more than 100-fold higher than 48 h cultures. survival of pseudomonas fluorescens was variable and depen ...	1995	7592129
genomic fingerprinting of epidemic and endemic strains of stenotrophomonas maltophilia (formerly xanthomonas maltophilia) by arbitrarily primed pcr.	arbitrarily primed pcr (ap-pcr) was used to type 64 clinical isolates of stenotrophomonas maltophilia from 60 patients and the hands of one nurse. forty-seven different patterns were observed, most patients having isolates with unique genomic fingerprints. a single pattern, however, was obtained from six of eight patients involved in an intensive care nursery outbreak, confirming the suspected nosocomial transmission of this microorganism. this strain was also found in four other patients hospit ...	1995	7615743
comparison of e test and agar dilution for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia.	currently recommended dilution test methods for the determination of antimicrobial susceptibility of stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia are labor-intensive and often impractical in many clinical laboratories. we compared the e test with the agar dilution method for susceptibility testing of 176 clinical isolates of s. maltophilia against 16 antimicrobial agents. the mics obtained by e test correlated well with those determined by the agar dilution method, with an overall agreement of 94% ...	1995	7615774
[study on the optimums for pseudomonas maltophilia hcg receptor expression].	according to the design of orthogonal experiment, the optimums for expression of pseudomonas maltophilia with hcg receptor were studied by radioassay. the results showed that the optimums influencing the specific binding percentage of pseudomonas maltophilia were the cultures of no. 3 solid medium added with 0.5% galactose and incubated at a temperature of 37 c for 72 hours. under these conditions, the binding percentage of pseudomonas maltophilia to hcg was higher than those under other conditi ...	1995	7657329
evidence for an autocrine/paracrine function of chorionic gonadotropin in xanthomonas maltophilia.	in the human and all other mammalian systems studied, lh and hcg bind to a common high affinity receptor with equal affinity. we have recently reported that a unique high affinity binding site in xanthomonas maltophilia preferentially binds hcg and a native cg-like ligand over lh or other glycoprotein hormones. in the current studies, we have analyzed the effect of hcg or the native ligand on culturing xanthomonas maltophilia. both the human and native ligand caused a dose-dependent alteration i ...	1993	7679968
structure of the o19 antigen of xanthomonas maltophilia.	the o-specific polymer from a strain of xanthomonas maltophilia o19 contains d-glucose, l-rhamnose, and d-fucose. by means of chemical degradations and nmr studies, the repeating unit of the polymer was determined to be a branched tetrasaccharide of the structure shown. [formula: see text]	1993	7693347
in vitro activity of sce-2787, a new cephalosporin with potent activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa and members of the family enterobacteriaceae.	the in vitro activity of sce-2787, 7-[(z)-2-(5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3- yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-3-(1-imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazinium)methy l-3- cephem-4-carboxylate, was compared with those of ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and imipenem against recent clinical isolates. sce-2787 inhibited 50% of tested isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae at < or = 0.25 micrograms/ml. sce-2787 was equally active as or more active than ceftazidime and ceftriaxone against members of the enterobacteriaceae, with t ...	1994	7695279
kinetic analysis of extension of substrate specificity with xanthomonas maltophilia, aeromonas hydrophila, and bacillus cereus metallo-beta-lactamases.	twenty beta-lactam molecules, including penicillins, cephalosporins, penems, carbapenems, and monobactams, were investigated as potential substrates for xanthomonas maltophilia ula-511, aeromonas hydrophila ae036, and bacillus cereus 5/b/6 metallo-beta-lactamases. a detailed analysis of the kinetic parameters examined confirmed these enzymes to be broad-spectrum beta-lactamases with different ranges of catalytic efficiency. cefoxitin and moxalactam, substrates for the beta-lactamases from x. mal ...	1995	7695305
outer membrane permeability of serratia marcescens to meropenem and imipenem.	the penetration rates of meropenem and imipenem through the outer membrane (om) of serratia marcescens was evaluated by the method of zimmermann and rosselet. to this aim, two strains of the specie were transformed with the pmon-01 plasmid dna that carries the bla s gene from xanthomonas maltophilia encoding for the l-1 beta-lactamase. the permeability of the transformants to cephaloridine was not affected by the presence of the plasmid. imipenem was shown to penetrate the om of the transformant ...	1994	7699421
in vitro antibacterial activity of the new quinolone bay y3118 against clinical isolates.	the in vitro antibacterial activity of the new fluoroquinolone bay y3118 against 609 clinical isolates was evaluated. bay y3118 exhibited activity against a broad spectrum of organisms, including gram-negative bacilli, gram-positive cocci, mycobacteria. the activity of bay y3118 was often superior to that of other quinolones. against gram-negative bacilli its activity was similar to that of ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and imipenem except for serratia marcescens, klebsiella pneumoniae, e ...	1994	7699426
clinical significance of exit-site infections due to xanthomonas in capd patients: a comparison with pseudomonas infection.	we have assessed the clinical significance of exit-site infections secondary to xanthomonas maltophilia in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) patients, and compared them with episodes due to pseudomonas. the study was a retrospective survey of all episodes of xanthomonas and pseudomonas-related exit-site infections (esi) in all patients treated in our unit between 1984 and 1992. thirteen episodes of xanthomonas-related esi were observed in eight patients and 17 episodes of pseudomo ...	1994	7708263
a pathway for biodegradation of 1-naphthoic acid by pseudomonas maltophilia csv89.	pseudomonas maltophilia csv89, a bacterium isolated from soil in our laboratory, grows on 1-naphthoic acid as the sole source of carbon and energy. to elucidate the pathway for degradation of 1-naphthoic acid, the metabolites were isolated from spent medium, purified by tlc, and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the involvement of various metabolites as intermediates in the pathway was established by demonstrating relevant enzyme activities in cell-free extracts, oxygen upta ...	1995	7710320
diffusive and convective transfer of cytokine-inducing bacterial products across hemodialysis membranes.	the widespread use of bicarbonate dialysate, and high-flux and high-efficiency dialyzers have raised concerns regarding the transmembrane passage of bacterial products from the dialysate into the blood compartment. to study the mechanisms as well as magnitude of the transmembrane transfer of bacterial products from the dialysate, we developed a computerized in vitro dialysis model which provides continuous pressure recording from the arterial, venous, dialysate inflow and outflow ports. by virtu ...	1995	7723247
[xanthomonas maltophilia aortic endocarditis in an intravenous drug addict and review of the literature].		1995	7734504
[a report to 2 cases where stenotrophomonas maltophilia with a mucoid phenotype was isolated from the sputum].	mucoid stenotrophomonas maltophilia was isolated from the sputum of 2 women. case 1 which we reported recently was primary pneumonia caused by s. maltophilia. however, in case 2, mucoid s. maltophilia represented part of the transient flora. interestingly, colonization of mucoid pseudomonas aeruginosa on respiratory tract occurred in both cases after mucoid s. maltophilia was isolated from their sputum.	1995	7745296
degradation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx) by stenotrophomonas maltophilia pb1.	a mixed microbial culture capable of metabolizing the explosive rdx (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) was obtained from soil enrichments under aerobic and nitrogen-limiting conditions. a bacterium, stenotrophomonas maltophilia pb1, isolated from the culture used rdx as a sole source of nitrogen for growth. three moles of nitrogen was used per mole of rdx, yielding a metabolite identified by mass spectroscopy and 1h nuclear magnetic resonance analysis as methylene-n-(hydroxymethyl)-hydrox ...	1995	7747953
molecular epidemiology of xanthomonas maltophilia colonization and infection in the hospital environment.	between april 1992 and december 1993, 80 xanthomonas maltophilia isolates were collected from 63 patients in three acute-care hospitals in calgary, alberta, canada. on the basis of centers for disease control and prevention definitions, 48 patients had nosocomial and 15 had community-acquired x. maltophilia. thirty-eight of the patients were colonized and 25 were infected. sixty-four percent of patients who acquired x. maltophilia in the intensive care unit (icu) became infected, whereas 32% of ...	1995	7751349
[comparison of mics of new quinolones obtained using agar-dilution and broth-microdilution procedures].	minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of new quinolones against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria obtained using agar-dilution and broth-microdilution procedures were compared. a primary regression curve and a correlation coefficient (r) between 2 mics for each of ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, tosufloxacin, sparfloxacin or balofloxacin were calculated. for the 5 quinolones, average correlation coefficients were 0.891 for the gram-positive bacteria tested, and 0.865 for the gram-negativ ...	1995	7752452
opportunistic nosocomial multiply resistant bacterial infections--their treatment and prevention.	one of the most difficult problems confronting the clinician who deals with nosocomial infections is that of microbial resistance. the predominant nosocomial infections (urinary tract infections, pneumonia, septicaemia, surgical wound infections) involve increasing numbers of gram-positive bacteria, staphylococcus epidermidis, corynebacterium jeikeium or resistant enterococci as well as new multiresistant gram-negative bacilli such as xanthomonas maltophilia, acinetobacter baumannii and alcalige ...	1993	7755661
clinical isolate of a xanthomonas maltophilia strain producing l-1-deficient and l-2-inducible beta-lactamases.	xanthomonas maltophilia produces two inducible beta-lactamases, l-1 and l-2, and resists the antimicrobial activity of beta-lactam antibiotics including carbapenems. l-1 has carbapenemase activity and l-2 is a cephalosporinase. it has been suggested that these beta-lactamases share regulatory components. we isolated a recent clinical x. maltophilia strain susceptible to carbapenems and resistant to almost all the other beta-lactam antibiotics tested. beta-lactamase induction with cefotaxime show ...	1995	7758355
diversity of nosocomial xanthomonas maltophilia (stenotrophomonas maltophilia) as determined by ribotyping.	seventy-seven clinical isolates of xanthomonas maltophilia (stenotrophomonas maltophilia) were consecutively collected from the rigshospitalet, copenhagen, ribotyped and compared with the ribotypes of 25 other clinical and reference strains of xanthomonas maltophilia. using restriction enzyme ecori, 20 different ribotypes were observed, with 78 isolates displaying the five most common types. using another enzyme, bamhi, these 78 isolates were further subdivided into 16 different ribotypes. three ...	1995	7758481
prolylcarboxypeptidase (angiotensinase c): purification and characterization of the enzyme from xanthomanas maltophilia.	prolylcarboxypeptidase (angiotensinase c, ec 3.4.16.2) was purified to homogeneity from cell free extracts of xanthomonas maltophilia by ammonium sulfate fractionation and sequential chromatographies on deae-toyopearl, sephadex g-150, fplc-hiload superdex 200 pg, and fplc-hitrap sp columns, with an activity recovery of 15%. the molecular weight of the enzyme was found to be 330,000 by gel filtration and 83,000 by sds-page, suggesting a tetrameric form for the native enzyme. it had an optimum ph ...	1995	7766028
the role of lipopolysaccharide anionic binding sites in aminoglycoside uptake in stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia.	aminoglycoside resistance was investigated in six clinical isolates of stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia by studying the uptake kinetics and by using a radiochemical method to detect aminoglycoside modifying enzymes. furthermore, the lipopolysaccharides (lps) were extracted and characterized by sds-page and chemical analysis. dansyl-polymyxin displacement experiments confirmed the availability of anionic binding sites. growing cells of the isolates bound dansyl-polymyxin but were not ly ...	1995	7768765
biochemical comparison of imipenem, meropenem and biapenem: permeability, binding to penicillin-binding proteins, and stability to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases.	biological activities of biapenem, imipenem, and meropenem were compared with respect to permeability into gram-negative bacteria, binding to penicillin-binding proteins (pbps), and hydrolysis by beta-lactamases. permeability for the three carbapenems was similar when measured in serratia marcescens s6 producing a carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase. penetration of the carbapenems was comparable with cephaloridine and faster than piperacillin or the extended spectrum cephalosporin cefotaxime. ...	1995	7768785
transferable resistance to beta-lactams in a nosocomial strain of xanthomonas maltophilia.		1995	7785971
in vitro activity of a-86719.1, a novel 2-pyridone antimicrobial agent.	this study evaluated the in vitro activity of a-86719.1, a novel 2-pyridone antimicrobial agent. the drug inhibited all tested members of the family enterobacteriaceae at < or = 0.5 microgram/ml and all tested pseudomonas aeruginosa, burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia, and xanthomonas maltophilia strains at < or = 2 micrograms/ml. all but two strains of gram-positive bacteria were inhibited by < or = 1 microgram of the new drug per ml, including isolates highly resistant to ciprofloxacin.	1995	7785983
epidemiological typing of stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia by pcr.	we used two pcr methods for epidemiological typing of stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia with either arbitrary primers (random amplified polymorphic dna) or enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences as primers (eric-pcr). the analysis was performed with 38 isolates of s. maltophilia, comprising 9 nosocomial isolates from a burn unit, 20 other clinical isolates epidemiologically unrelated, and 9 isolates from one cystic fibrosis patient. both methods indicated that all of ...	1995	7790459
in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of sy5555, a new oral penem antibiotic.	the antibacterial activity of sy5555, a new oral penem antibiotic, was compared with those of cefaclor, cefixime, and cefteram. sy5555 was more active than the comparison agents against methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, enterococcus faecalis, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae, morganella morganii, acinetobacter calcoaceticus, clostridium spp., and bacteroides fragilis. against providencia spp., proteus spp., and haemophi ...	1994	7811005
biochemical properties of inducible beta-lactamases produced from xanthomonas maltophilia.	four different beta-lactamases have been found in several strains of xanthomonas maltophilia isolated from blood cultures during 1984 to 1991 at the edinburgh royal infirmary. one was a metallo-beta-lactamase with predominantly penicillinase activity and an isoelectric point of 6.8. its molecular size as determined by gel filtration was 96 kda but was only 26 kda by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), suggesting a tetramer of four equal subunits. the enzyme hydr ...	1994	7811033
in vitro activity of fk-037, a novel parenteral cephalosporin, against bacterial isolates from neutropenic cancer patients.	the in vitro activity of fk-037, a novel parenteral cephalosporin, was compared to that of ceftazidime, aztreonam and piperacillin (agents often used in empiric regimens in cancer patients) against recent bacterial isolates from patients with cancer. fk-037 was either equal to or 2 to 16-fold more active than the comparative agents against members of the enterobacteriaceae. it was also active against acinetobacter spp., aeromonas spp., pseudomonas aeruginosa, and other pseudomonas spp. xanthomon ...	1994	7813504
[xanthomonas maltophilia. a cause of epidural abscess in a patient with epidural catheterization].	a case of epidural abscess following continuous spinal epidural catheterization is presented. the clinical signs included spinal ache, root pain, weakness and paralysis but no fever. xanthomonas maltophilia, an organism closely related to pseudomonas species, was the causative agent. this has not previously been described as the causative agent of epidural abscesses.	1994	7817435
susceptibilities of 123 strains of xanthomonas maltophilia to eight beta-lactams (including beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations) and ciprofloxacin tested by five methods.	this study evaluated the susceptibility of 123 xanthomonas maltophilia strains to ticarcillin, ticarcillin-clavulanate, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, ampicillin-sulbactam, piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin by kirby-bauer disk, e test, and sensititre dehydrated microdilution mic and conventional agar dilution mic methodology. intermediate susceptibility breakpoints for members of the family enterobacteriaceae were used. when results were analyzed as mics fo ...	1994	7840563
comparative antimicrobial activity of fk037, cefpirome, ceftazidime and cefepime against aminoglycoside-sensitive and aminoglycoside-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas spp.	the activities of fk037, cefpirome, ceftazidime and cefepime against 71 aminoglycoside-resistant, 35 aminoglycoside-sensitive, 29 cystic fibrosis pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, and 31 pseudomonas spp. strains were studied using the agar dilution technique (final inoculum 10(4) c.f.u./spot). the mic90 for aminoglycoside-sensitive p. aeruginosa against fk037, cefpirome, ceftazidime and cefepime was 32, 16, 8 and 16 mg/l, respectively. the mic90 for p. aeruginosa strains resistant to one or more ...	1994	7842822
the antimicrobial activity of cefotaxime: comparative multinational hospital isolate surveys covering 15 years.	the "third-generation" cephalosporins (3gc) have emerged as one of the most significant therapeutic entities in the last 15 years. these 3gc compounds (using cefotaxime as a model) have generally maintained their potency and spectrum of activity against important pathogens. however, the continuing popularity of this class associated with local, regional, or national-level use or abuse has led to efficacy reduction against some organism populations associated with selection of class i cephalospor ...	1994	7843824
pneumonia caused by stenotrophomonas maltophilia with a mucoid phenotype.	we describe the first known case of pneumonia caused by a mucoid stenotrophomonas maltophilia (xanthomonas maltophilia) strain in a patient with bronchiectasis. the patient was admitted because of mild hemoptysis and productive cough with infiltrative shadow in the right lower lung field on chest x ray. the clinical symptoms were mild, and treatment with minocycline was effective.	1994	7852587
analysis of epidemic and endemic isolates of xanthomonas maltophilia by contour-clamped homogeneous electric field gel electrophoresis.	xanthomonas maltophilia is increasingly a cause of nosocomial infections. the mode of transmission of this organism is not well known.	1994	7852724
[xanthomonas maltophilia nosocomial infections. a new threat. apropos of 30 cases].	in an attempt to further characterize infections due to xanthomonas maltophilia, we reviewed 20 colonisations and 30 infections observed in our institution from january 1990 to december 1992, xanthomonas maltophilia is emerging as an important nosocomial pathogen in immunocompromised patients, especially those receiving broad spectrum antimicrobial antibiotherapy. distinction between colonisation and infection is often difficult. xanthomonas maltophilia presents a therapeutic challenge because o ...	1994	7863115
comparative in vitro activity of fk-037, a new cephalosporin antibiotic.	the in vitro activity of fk-037, a novel parenteral oxime-type cephalosporin, was compared with that of cefepime, cefpirome, ceftazidime, imipenem, and gentamicin against a total of 668 recent clinical isolates. minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined by a standard agar dilution procedure, and all isolates were tested at two inocula (10(4) and 10(6) colony forming units). fk-037 inhibited 90% of isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella species, proteus mirabilis, p. vulgaris, morganell ...	1994	7867295
reversible adp-ribosylation as a mechanism of enzyme regulation in procaryotes.	several cases of adp-ribosylation of endogenous proteins in procaryotes have been discovered and investigated. the most thoroughly studied example is the reversible adp-ribosylation of the dinitrogenase reductase from the photosynthetic bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum and related bacteria. a dinitrogenase reductase adp-ribosyltransferase (drat) and a dinitrogenase reductase adp-ribose glycohydrolase (drag) from r. rubrum have been isolated and characterized. the genes for these proteins have bee ...	1994	7898454
[nosocomial infections: new agents, incidence, prevention].	nosocomial infection is one of the major health problems confronting clinicians in intensive care units. incidence has been estimated to vary from 5 to 10%, leading to death in one of every 5000 persons hospitalized. this situation is not however static since hospital epidemics and nosocomial infections evolve as a consequence of advances in antibiotic drug therapy and surgical and intensive care techniques. microbial investigations themselves are of major importance as the collection of epidemi ...	1995	7899352
pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of restriction-digested genomic dna and antimicrobial susceptibility of xanthomonas maltophilia strains from brazil, switzerland and the usa.		1994	7913704
analysis of the interaction between autochthonous bacteria and packaging material in pvc-bottled mineral water.	a study with about 10,000 bottles produced by a mineral water company was undertaken in order to identify the causal agent of an off-odour occurrence in the bottled water. some physiological attributes of the dominant species over an 8-month period, as well as their interaction with packaging material, were investigated. pseudomonas maltophilia, p. acidovorans, acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. lowffi, frequently associated with bottles having an off-odour, seemed to play a decisive role in the p ...	1994	7921893
use of ribotyping in epidemiological surveillance of nosocomial outbreaks.	over the past few years, genotypic methods based on the study of bacterial dna polymorphism have shown high discriminatory power for strain differentiation and superiority over most phenotypic methods commonly available in the clinical microbiology laboratory. some of the methods used, however, required either a high level of technology and sophisticated equipment (e.g., pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) or species-specific reagents of restricted availability (randomly cloned dna probes or gene- ...	1994	7923052
antimicrobial activity of fk-037, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin. international in vitro comparison with cefepime and ceftazidime.	the in vitro activity of fk-037, a new parenteral 7-aminothiazolyl-methoxyimino cephalosporin, was compared with cefepime and ceftazidime against 6094 aerobic isolates collected in six medical centers worldwide. fk-037 demonstrated potent activity against the enterobacteriaceae family except for some enterobacter spp., providencia spp., and serratia liquefaciens (mic90s, > or = 16 micrograms/ml). against nonenteric gram-negative bacilli, all compounds tested showed similar, but more limited acti ...	1994	7924209
antibacterial activity of pd 131628 and proposed disc diffusion susceptibility test criteria.	the antibacterial activity of pd 131628 was compared with that of ciprofloxacin against 401 clinical isolates. the two drugs had comparable mics for most gram-negative species. pd 131628 was two to eight times more active against gram-positive species and against xanthomonas maltophilia. both drugs were bactericidal, among gram-positive isolates, resistant mutants were not detected in vitro. among gram-negative bacilli, spontaneously occurring mutants resistant to pd 131628 were readily demonstr ...	1994	7928808
[susceptibilities of glucose non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli to antibiotics].	glucose non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli are important nosocomial pathogens. this study concerned with susceptibilities to antibacterial agents of strains of glucose non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli that were isolated from cultures of clinical materials at 123 hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1991. the tests for susceptibilities were performed according to the disk dilution method recommended by nccls. the following bacteria were tested: pseudomona ...	1994	7933532
[laboratory and clinical studies on combined effects of fosfomycin plus sulbactam/cefoperazone for mixed infections of mrsa and pseudomonas aeruginosa].	the time-lag/sequential/step by step chemotherapy by fosfomycin plus sulbactam/cefoperazone including a short time small dose of steroid was done for 27 severely infected patients suffered from various cancer or other severe basal diseases. and the staggered "intensive" chemotherapy with added arbekacin or vancomycin to the previous staggered chemotherapy was done against 13 severely infected patients having mrsas among their infecting pathogens. 1. bacteriological effects pseudomonas aeruginosa ...	1994	7933542
[antibiotic sensitivity of gram-negative bacteria in intensive care units in switzerland].	the sensitivity to the major antimicrobial agents of consecutively isolated gram-negative rods in intensive care units in switzerland was investigated. a majority of strains originated from clinical specimens where infection or colonization could not be distinguished from each other. a total of 1024 isolates from 482 patients were tested by a standardized microtiter method. of the beta-lactam antibiotics, imipenem (92% of bacteria sensitive), ceftazidime (90%), and aztreonam (85%) showed the gre ...	1994	7939535
evaluation of the pasco gram-negative nonfermenter identification system.	the pasco gram-negative identification system was evaluated for use with nonfermenting organisms. of 127 isolates tested, 109 (86%) were correctly identified to the species level. a total of 91% (93 of 102 isolates) of the pseudomonas-xanthomonas group and the acinetobacter group were correctly identified to the species level. the system was found to be useful for the identification of pseudomonas aeruginosa, xanthomonas maltophilia, and acinetobacter species.	1994	7956016
in-vitro activity of four new fluoroquinolones.	the in-vitro activities of four new fluoroquinolones, e-4749, e-4874, e-4884 and e-4904, were compared with that of ciprofloxacin and sparfloxacin against 1106 clinical isolates. against majority of enterobacteriaceae, general antibacterial activities of e-4749 (mic90s 0.06-1 mg/l), e-4874 (mic90s, 0.03-0.25 mg/l) and e-4884 (mic90s 0.01-0.5 mg/l) were comparable or slightly lower than those of ciproloxacin (mic90s 0.01-0.25 mg/l) and sparfloxacin (mic90s 0.01-1 mg/l). the activity of e-4904 (mi ...	1994	7961215