| inflammation-induced haemostatic response in layer chickens infected with streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus as evaluated by fibrinogen, prothrombin time and thromboelastography. | streptococcus zooepidemicus has recently been shown to be a severe pathogen in layer chickens, where it is able to cause serious lesions in the vascular system. to evaluate the haemostatic response, 10 layer chickens were inoculated intravenously with s. zooepidemicus. four hypotheses were tested: that the infection-induced inflammation would increase the plasma fibrinogen (fbg) concentration, would prolong the prothrombin time (pt) and would prompt hypercoagulability or hypocoagulability as ass ... | 2014 | 25017320 |
| characterization of a mucoid clone of streptococcus zooepidemicus from an epizootic of equine respiratory disease in new caledonia. | streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus (sz) is a tonsillar and mucosal commensal of healthy horses with the potential to cause opportunistic infections of the distal respiratory tract stressed by virus infection, transportation, training or high temperature. the invasive clone varies from horse to horse with little evidence of lateral transmission in the group. tonsillar isolates are non-mucoid although primary isolates from opportunist lower respiratory tract infections may initially be mu ... | 2014 | 24618399 |
| purulent pericarditis and pneumonia caused by streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. | purulent pericarditis is a life-threatening disease that usually manifests following bacteraemia or through spreading from an intrathoracic focus. only a few cases of this disease have been reported with lancefield group c streptococci as aetiological agents, and the primary focus in these infections remains unknown. we report a case of purulent pericarditis with septic and cardiogenic shock, caused by streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (group c) in a 51-year-old patient. the pathogen was p ... | 2014 | 24243287 |
| draft genome sequence of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus strain s31a1, isolated from equine infectious endometritis. | we present the draft genome sequence of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus s31a1, a strain isolated from equine infectious endometritis in denmark. comparative analyses of this genome were done with four published reference genomes: s. zooepidemicus strains mgcs10565, atcc 35246, and h70 and s. equi subsp. equi strain 4047. | 2013 | 24009118 |
| [optimization of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus cultivation process--producer of hyaluronic acid]. | selection of high-mucoid morphotype of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (streptococcus zooepidemicus) and study of its morphological, physiological, biochemical and technological characteristics for providing increased secretion of hyaluronic acid (ha). | 2013 | 23805668 |
| transmission of streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus infection from horses to humans. | streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus (s. zooepidemicus) is a zoonotic pathogen for persons in contact with horses. in horses, s. zooepidemicus is an opportunistic pathogen, but human infections associated with s. zooepidemicus are often severe. within 6 months in 2011, 3 unrelated cases of severe, disseminated s. zooepidemicus infection occurred in men working with horses in eastern finland. to clarify the pathogen's epidemiology, we describe the clinical features of the infection in 3 pa ... | 2013 | 23777752 |
| outbreak of upper respiratory disease in horses caused by streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus st-24. | streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (s. zooepidemicus) is generally considered a commensal and an opportunistic pathogen of the upper airways in horses. establishing whether certain strains of s. zooepidemicus can cause upper respiratory disease as a host-specific pathogen of horses, and if there are certain genogroups of s. zooepidemicus that are more virulent than others is of major clinical importance. in this study, we describe an outbreak of upper respiratory disease in horses that was ... | 2013 | 23773239 |
| characterization and protective immunogenicity of the szm protein of streptococcus zooepidemicus nc78 from a clonal outbreak of equine respiratory disease. | streptococcus zooepidemicus of lancefield group c is a highly variable tonsillar and mucosal commensal that usually is associated with opportunistic infections of the respiratory tract of vertebrate hosts. more-virulent clones have caused epizootics of severe respiratory disease in dogs and horses. the virulence factors of these strains are poorly understood. the antiphagocytic protein sem is a major virulence factor and protective antigen of streptococcus equi, a clonal biovar of an ancestral s ... | 2013 | 23740925 |
| pathogenicity of wild-type and small-colony variants of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in layer chickens. | wild-type (wt) and small-colony-variant (scv) strains of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus have recently been isolated from a layer flock in denmark experiencing high mortality. to investigate the disease-causing potential of scv compared with wt, a 2-week long infection study was performed in 45-week-old brown layer chickens. four groups of 11 chickens each were inoculated with a wt or scv strain by the intravenous or intra-tracheal route: wt-iv, scv-iv or wt-it, scv-it, respectively. cli ... | 2013 | 23721084 |
| streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus c5a peptidase, a putative invasin, induces protective immune response in mice. | streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus (streptococcus zooepidemicus, sez) is responsible for septicemia, meningitis, arthritis and several other serious diseases in various species with adhesive and invasive properties. the absence of suitable vaccine confounds the control of sez infection. the highly conserved c5a peptidase was served as an invasin to host epithelial cells and involved in the pathogenicity in other streptococcus species. in the present study, the purified recombinant sez c5a pep ... | 2013 | 23632199 |
| streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus isolates from equine infectious endometritis belong to a distinct genetic group. | streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus is the pathogen most commonly isolated from the uterus of mares. s. zooepidemicus is an opportunistic pathogen and part of the resident flora in the caudal reproductive tract. the aim of this study was to investigate whether a genotypically distinct subpopulation of s. zooepidemicus is associated with endometritis in the mare, by genotyping and comparing uterine s. zooepidemicus strains with isolates from the vagina and clitoral fossa. mares with (n=18) or ... | 2013 | 23597033 |
| bacteriological and molecular detection of streptococcus equi subsp. equi and streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in equines of northern india. | present study was undertaken to study the prevalence of β-haemolytic streptococci in equine of northern temperate region of jammu and kashmir, india. one hundred and forty one samples were collected in duplicate from nasopharyngeal tract of diseased (53) and apparently healthy equine (88) for isolation and direct pcr. a total of 77 isolates of streptococci were recovered from 141 samples with an overall prevalence rate of 54.60%. out of these 77 isolates, 52 were from diseased and 25 from appare ... | 2013 | 24834002 |
| streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus meningitis in peru. | a 59-year-old man with a history of fever, unsteadiness, hemiparesis, motor aphasia and consciousness disturbance was hospitalized for streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus meningitis. he denied contact with farm animals, but had a practice of consuming unpasteurized goats' cheese from an uncertain source. | 2013 | 23105024 |
| a major outbreak of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infections in free-range chickens is linked to horses. | infections of poultry due to streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus have been rare during the past decades and dissimilarities have been reported as to symptoms and lesions; likewise, the source of serious outbreaks has remained speculative. an outbreak affecting 11,000 free-range chickens at the age of 47 wk is reported. the outbreak manifested itself as acute at the onset and was followed by a chronic stage, resulting in some 80% mortality within 21 wk. small-colony variants (scvs) of s. equi ... | 2012 | 23050474 |
| identification of streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus surface associated proteins by enzymatic shaving. | streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus (streptococcus zooepidemicus, sez) is responsible for a wide variety of infections in many species. attempts to control the infection caused by this agent are hampered by a lack of effective vaccines and useful diagnostic kits. surface proteins of bacterial species are usually involved in interaction with host and hopefully act as biomarkers for serodiagnosis and subunit vaccine components. in this study, the surface proteins of sez c55138 strain were system ... | 2012 | 22613253 |
| microarray analysis of the effect of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus m-like protein in infecting porcine pulmonary alveolar macrophage. | streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (s. zooepidemicus), which belongs to lancefield group c streptococci, is an important pathogen of domesticated species, causing septicemia, meningitis and mammitis. m-like protein (szp) is an important virulence factor of s. zooepidemicus and contributes to bacterial infection and antiphagocytosis. to increase our knowledge of the mechanism of szp in infection, we profiled the response of porcine pulmonary alveolar macrophage (pam) to infection with s. zoo ... | 2012 | 22567158 |
| genetic diversity of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus and doxycycline resistance in kennelled dogs. | the genetic diversity and antibiotic resistance profiles of 38 streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus isolates were determined from a kennelled canine population during two outbreaks of hemorrhagic pneumonia (1999 to 2002 and 2007 to 2010). analysis of the szp gene hypervariable region and the 16s-23s rrna intergenic spacer region and multilocus sequence typing (mlst) indicated a predominant teto-positive, doxycycline-resistant st-10 strain during 1999 to 2002 and a predominant tetm-positive do ... | 2012 | 22495558 |
| aortic graft infection and mycotic aneurysm with streptococcus equi zooepidemicus: two cases with favorable outcome of antibiotic treatment. | infections with streptococcus equi zooepidemicus are rare and are associated with contact with animals or animal products. there are very few reports about infected vascular grafts or aneurysms with this etiology. we present two patients. the first is a 77-year-old man with an infected bifurcated graft four years after an open operation for an abdominal aortic aneurysm (aaa). the second is a 72-year-old man with a symptomatic mycotic aaa, treated with endovascular aneurysm repair. both received ... | 2013 | 22375044 |
| beta-hemolytic streptococcus spp. from horses: a retrospective study (2000-2010). | the goal of this retrospective study was to have a comprehensive picture of the β-hemolytic streptococci of horses including tissue/organ distributions and susceptibility patterns against specific antimicrobials between january 1, 2000 and december 31, 2010. a total of 2,497 β-hemolytic streptococci were isolated from 2,391 cases, of which streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus was the most frequent isolate (72.0%). other species isolated were streptococcus dysgalactia subsp. equisimilis (21.3% ... | 2012 | 22362945 |
| capsular hyaluronic acid of equine isolates of streptococcus zooepidemicus is upregulated at temperatures below 35°c. | streptococcus zooepidemicus causes opportunist respiratory and other infections in the horse. capsule expression is highly variable and known to affect resistance to phagocytosis. most clinical isolates producing small, dry colonies at 37°c produce mucoid colonies at temperatures below 35°c. | 2015 | 24735124 |
| hyaluronic acid depolymerization by ascorbate-redox effects on solid state cultivation of streptococcus zooepidemicus in cashew apple fruit bagasse. | the cashew fruit (anacardium occidentale l.) has been used as a promising agricultural resource for the production of low-molecular weight (m(w)) hyaluronic acid (ha) (10(4)-10(5) da). the cashew juice is a rich source of vitamin c containing, 1.2-2.0 g l(-1). this work explores the effects of the initial concentration of the ascorbate on the solid fermentation of the juice-moisturized bagasse from the cashew apple fruit. the results show that the m(w) reduction of ha is proportional to the init ... | 2012 | 22806044 |
| clones of streptococcus zooepidemicus from outbreaks of hemorrhagic canine pneumonia and associated immune responses. | acute hemorrhagic pneumonia caused by streptococcus zooepidemicus has emerged as a major disease of shelter dogs and greyhounds. s. zooepidemicus strains differing in multilocus sequence typing (mlst), protective protein (szp), and m-like protein (szm) sequences were identified from 9 outbreaks in texas, kansas, florida, nevada, new mexico, and pennsylvania. clonality based on 2 or more isolates was evident for 7 of these outbreaks. the pennsylvania and nevada outbreaks also involved cats. goat ... | 2014 | 24990905 |
| the solid-state cultivation of streptococcus zooepidemicus in polyurethane foam as a strategy for the production of hyaluronic acid. | hyaluronic acid (ha) is a biopolymer with important applications in the pharmaceutical, medical, and cosmetic fields. this work explores the potentialities of a cylindrical polyurethane foam dowel with central aeration as a novel packed bed bioreactor for the production of ha. the goals were to provide a large surface area for oxygen transfer through the patches of liquid film that form in the pores of the foam in which cell proliferation and ha production occur and to easily recover the ha prod ... | 2013 | 23690173 |
| effects of soy peptone on the inoculum preparation of streptococcus zooepidemicus for production of hyaluronic acid. | soy peptone (sp) was studied as nutrient source in replacement of the conventional media as brain-heart infusion (bhi) and sheep blood in the first seed culture medium in petri plates of streptococcus zooepidemicus. this substitution, aimed at meeting the claim of the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries, for the removal of animal sources of the culture media used in obtaining their products for safety reasons. the animal sources were used as a control. the effects of this substitution were s ... | 2013 | 23369518 |
| genomic dissection of an icelandic epidemic of respiratory disease in horses and associated zoonotic cases. | iceland is free of the major infectious diseases of horses. however, in 2010 an epidemic of respiratory disease of unknown cause spread through the country's native horse population of 77,000. microbiological investigations ruled out known viral agents but identified the opportunistic pathogen streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (s. zooepidemicus) in diseased animals. we sequenced the genomes of 257 isolates of s. zooepidemicus to differentiate epidemic from endemic strains. we found that al ... | 2017 | 28765219 |
| diversity of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains isolated from the spanish sheep and goat population and the identification, function and prevalence of a novel arbutin utilisation system. | the zoonotic bacterium streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (s. zooepidemicus) is a diverse, opportunistic pathogen that can cause mastitis in dairy sheep and goats. we used multilocus sequence typing (mlst) to define the genetic diversity of 60 isolates of s. zooepidemicus, which were recovered from sheep and goats in spain between 2003 and 2010. we identify a novel clonal complex based on sequence type (st), st-236, which accounted for 39 of the 60 isolates. a representative st-236 strain, ... | 2017 | 28757029 |
| acute fatal haemorrhagic pneumonia caused by streptococcus equi zooepidemicus in greyhounds in ireland with subsequent typing of the isolates. | | 2017 | 28600445 |
| [outbreak of nephritis by streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus: case-control study in the municipality of monte santo de minas, minas gerais, brazil, 2013]. | to investigate an outbreak of nephritis by streptococcus zooepidemicus in monte santo de minas, minas gerais state, brazil. | 2017 | 28492782 |
| discrimination of streptococcus equi subsp. equi and streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | accurate and timely identification of infectious etiologies is of great significance in veterinary microbiology, especially for critical diseases such as strangles, a highly contagious disease of horses caused by streptococcus equi subsp. equi. we evaluated a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) platform for use in species- and subspecies-level identification of s. equi isolates from horses and compared it with an automated biochemical syste ... | 2017 | 28460559 |
| streptococcus equisubsp.zooepidemicusinvades and survives in epithelial cells. | streptococcus equisubsp.zooepidemicus(s. zooepidemicus) is an opportunistic pathogen of several species including humans.s. zooepidemicusis found on mucus membranes of healthy horses, but can cause acute and chronic endometritis. recentlys. zooepidemicuswas found able to reside in the endometrium for prolonged periods of time. thus, we hypothesized that an intracellular phase may be part of thes. zooepidemicuspathogenesis and investigated ifs. zooepidemicuswas able to invade and survive inside e ... | 2017 | 29164073 |
| pinr mediates the generation of reversible population diversity in streptococcus zooepidemicus. | opportunistic pathogens must adapt to and survive in a wide range of complex ecosystems. streptococcus zooepidemicus is an opportunistic pathogen of horses and many other animals, including humans. the assembly of different surface architecture phenotypes from one genotype is likely to be crucial to the successful exploitation of such an opportunistic lifestyle. construction of a series of mutants revealed that a serine recombinase, pinr, inverts 114 bp of the promoter of szo_08560, which is bor ... | 2015 | 25701732 |
| multi-locus sequence typing of streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus strains isolated from cats. | streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus ( s. zooepidemicus) causes outbreaks of fatal respiratory disease in dog shelters and fatal respiratory and neurologic disease in cat shelters. we conducted multi-locus sequence typing analysis on s. zooepidemicus isolates from 5 canadian and 3 israeli cats with severe respiratory and neurologic disease, plus 1 isolate from a clinically normal shelter cat. our aim was to determine if feline outbreaks are clonal and whether there is commonality between ... | 2018 | 28906182 |
| albumin-binding domain from streptococcus zooepidemicus protein zag as a novel strategy to improve the half-life of therapeutic proteins. | recombinant antibody fragments belong to the promising class of biopharmaceuticals with high potential for future therapeutic applications. however, due to their small size they are rapidly cleared from circulation. binding to serum proteins can be an effective approach to improve pharmacokinetic properties of short half-life molecules. herein, we have investigated the zag albumin-binding domain (abd) derived from streptococcus zooepidemicus as a novel strategy to improve the pharmacokinetic pro ... | 2017 | 28549690 |
| acute renal failure with need for renal replacement therapy as a complication of zoonotic s. zooepidemicus infection: case report and review of the literature. | streptococcus zooepidemicus is an animal commensal with the potential of zoonotic transmission through ingestion of contaminated dairy products, leading to outbreaks of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (psgn). we report for the first time acute renal failure with need for renal replacement therapy, as a complication of s. zooepidemicus bacteremia resulting from direct horse to human transmission in a young adult. both clinical disease course and immunohistochemical staining patterns on rena ... | 2017 | 28508721 |
| improved yield of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid production in a stable strain of streptococcus zooepidemicus via the elimination of the hyaluronidase-encoding gene. | despite the significant potential of streptococcus zooepidemicus for hyaluronic acid (ha) production with high molecular weight (mw), the ha degrading properties of hyaluronidase prevents the bacteria to achieve enhanced ha yield with high mw. in the present study, we aim to knockout the hyaluronidase enzyme and assess its effects on the yield and mw of the produced ha. the kanamycin resistance gene between the left and right arms of hyaluronidase gene was inserted into puc18 plasmid to construc ... | 2017 | 28500482 |
| science-in-brief: streptococcus zooepidemicus: a versatile opportunistic pathogen that hedges its bets in horses. | | 2017 | 28177154 |
| construction of efficient streptococcus zooepidemicus strains for hyaluoronic acid production based on identification of key genes involved in sucrose metabolism. | biosynthesis of polysaccharide hyaluoronic acid (ha) by streptococcus zooepidemicus is a carbon-intensive process. the carbon flux and factor(s) restricting ha yield were not well understood. here, we investigated the function of genes involved in sucrose metabolism and identified targets limiting ha yield, which were exploited to construct efficient s. zooepidemicus strains for ha production. the sucrose uptake was addressed by deletion of scra and scrb, which encodes sucrose-pts permease and s ... | 2016 | 27896786 |
| solution structure of the cys74 to ala74 mutant of the recombinant catalytic domain of zoocin a. | zoocin a is a zn-metallopeptidase secreted by streptococcus zooepidemicus strain 4881. its catalytic domain is responsible for cleaving the d-alanyl-l-alanine peptide bond in streptococcal peptidoglycan. the solution nmr structure of the cys74 to ala74 mutant of the recombinant catalytic domain (rcat c74a) has been determined. with a previous structure determination for the recombinant target recognition domain (rtrd), this completes the 3d structure of zoocin a. while the structure of rcat c74a ... | 2017 | 27699884 |
| highly efficient production of hyaluronic acid by streptococcus zooepidemicus r42 derived from heterologous expression of bacterial haemoglobin and mutant selection. | during streptococcus zooepidemicus fermentation, most carbon sources are used to synthesize lactic acid, which can inhibit strain growth and hyaluronic acid production. here, we expressed bacterial haemoglobin (vhb) in strep. zooepidemicus. due to highly efficient oxygen use, only 15·26 g l(-1) lactic acid was produced, which is 0·73 times the quantity produced by the control strain. compared with the control strain (1·61 g l(-1) ), hyaluronic acid (ha) production in this strain did not substant ... | 2016 | 26784013 |
| cheese whey: a cost-effective alternative for hyaluronic acid production by streptococcus zooepidemicus. | this study focuses on the optimisation of cheese whey formulated media for the production of hyaluronic acid (ha) by streptococcus zooepidemicus. culture media containing whey (w; 2.1g/l) or whey hydrolysate (wh; 2.4 g/l) gave the highest ha productions. both w and wh produced high yields on protein consumed, suggesting cheese whey is a good nitrogen source for s. zooepidemicus production of ha. polysaccharide concentrations of 4.0 g/l and 3.2g/l were produced in w and wh in a further scale-up t ... | 2016 | 26769504 |
| genetic and biochemical characterization of genes involved in hyaluronic acid synthesis in streptococcus zooepidemicus. | the biosynthetic pathway for hyaluronic acid (ha) has been proposed; however, a thorough genetic and functional analysis is required to further elucidate the roles of genes involved in ha production. previously, we developed a markerless gene-deletion system for streptococcus zooepidemicus and confirmed that hasa is essential for ha synthesis. here, we constructed a comprehensive set of deletion mutants and investigated the roles of ten additional predicted genes in the ha synthetic pathway. phe ... | 2016 | 26758299 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities of aerobic isolates from respiratory samples of young new zealand horses. | decreased efficacy of antimicrobials and increased prevalence of multidrug resistance (mdr) is of concern worldwide. | 2017 | 26289293 |
| simultaneous determination of intracellular udp-sugars in hyaluronic acid-producing streptococcus zooepidemicus. | two chromatographic methods for the quantitative analysis of uridine diphosphate (udp) sugars involved in hyaluronan pathway of streptococcus zooepidemicus (sez) were developed and compared. the sample preparation protocol using centrifugation and extraction in hot ethanol was employed prior to the analyses. separation was achieved using an anion exchange spherisorb sax column or a shodex qa-825 column connected with a photodiode array (pda) detector. to increase the throughput of the chromatogr ... | 2015 | 26114654 |
| proteomics of endometrial fluid after dexamethasone treatment in mares susceptible to endometritis. | corticotherapy is a common treatment in mares susceptible to endometritis. isoflupredone improves pregnancy rates and affects the protein profile of endometrial fluid in comparison to untreated mares. dexamethasone decreases postbreeding fluid accumulation and uterine edema; however, its effects on the protein profile of the endometrial fluid have not yet been studied. the aim of the present study was to verify the effect of dexamethasone on the protein profile of endometrial fluid, in the prese ... | 2015 | 25998273 |
| heterologous production of hyaluronic acid in an ε-poly-l-lysine producer, streptomyces albulus. | hyaluronic acid (ha) is used in a wide range of medical applications, where its performance and therapeutic efficacy are highly dependent on its molecular weight. in the microbial production of ha, it has been suggested that a high level of intracellular atp enhances the productivity and molecular weight of ha. here, we report on heterologous ha production in an ε-poly-l-lysine producer, streptomyces albulus, which has the potential to generate atp at high level. the hasa gene from streptococcus ... | 2015 | 25795665 |
| genetic and functional characterization of the hyaluronate lyase hylb and the beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase hylz in streptococcus zooepidemicus. | hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan) is a high molecular weight glycosaminoglycan composed of repeating disaccharides of glucuronic acid and n-acetylglucosamine. the molecular weight of hyaluronan is important for its rheological property, biological function, and application. however, genes important for regulation of hyaluronan production or molecular weight remain poorly understood. here, we address the roles of two predicated hyaluronate lyase-encoding genes, hylb and hylz in streptococcus zooepidem ... | 2015 | 25146187 |
| pulmonary pharmacokinetics of desfuroylceftiofur acetamide after nebulisation or intramuscular administration of ceftiofur sodium to weanling foals. | administration of ceftiofur sodium via nebulisation has been recommended for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in horses, despite the lack of pharmacokinetic and safety data. | 2015 | 24975449 |
| potential anti-osteoporotic activity of low-molecular weight hyaluronan by attenuation of osteoclast cell differentiation and function in vitro. | due to some severe side effects or lack of efficacy of currently used synthetic drugs, such as bisphosphonates (bps), the search for new therapeutic agents that can more effectively prevent and treat osteoporosis (op) has been an increasingly important topic of research. in this study, the low-molecular weight hyaluronan (lmw-ha, 50 kda) produced by enzymatic degradation of high-molecular weight hyaluronan (hmw-ha, 1922 kda) from streptococcus zooepidemicus was evaluated in vitro for its anti-os ... | 2014 | 24853804 |
| equine respiratory disease: a causal role for streptococcus zooepidemicus. | | 2014 | 24837551 |
| purification and biocompatibility of fermented hyaluronic acid for its applications to biomaterials. | hyaluronic acid (ha) is of importance due to its diverse applications in pharmaceuticals and medical devices such as dermal filler, adhesion barriers, carrier for cells and bioactive molecules as well as scaffold biomaterials for tissue engineering. evaluations of purification and biocompatibility of ha are required for its applications to biomaterials. | 2014 | 26331057 |
| evidence of lateral gene transfer among strains of streptococcus zooepidemicus in weanling horses with respiratory disease. | streptococcus zooepidemicus (sz) is a tonsillar commensal of healthy horses but with potential to opportunistically invade the lower respiratory tract. sz is genetically variable and recombinogenic based on analysis of gene sequences including szp, szm and mlst data. although a variety of serovars of the protective szp are commonly harbored in the tonsils of the same horse, lower respiratory infections usually involve a single clone. nevertheless, isolation of specific clones from epizootics of ... | 2014 | 24263112 |
| the role of hyaluronic acid precursor concentrations in molecular weight control in streptococcus zooepidemicus. | the biosynthetic pathway responsible for the production of hyaluronic acid (ha) has been thoroughly studied; however, many aspects remain elusive regarding the mechanisms that control molecular weight (mw). previously, we demonstrated a positive correlation between mw and the concentration of the ha precursor sugar udp-n acetylglucosamine (udp-glcnac). to further investigate the role of udp-glcnac in mw control, we increased the intracellular concentration of this monomer using both feeding stra ... | 2014 | 23903961 |
| diagnostic imaging in veterinary dental practice. septic arthritis with streptococcus zooepidemicus infection of the mandibular head. | | 2013 | 23865874 |
| identification of novel immunoreactive proteins of streptococcus zooepidemicus with potential as vaccine components. | streptococcus zooepidemicus is an important opportunistic pathogen of the equine respiratory and reproductive tracts. a normal tonsillar and mucosal commensal, it becomes invasive under conditions of stress such as virus infection, weaning, high temperature, prolonged transportation and failure of uterine involution. the aim of this study was to evaluate the vaccine potential of several surface exposed and secreted proteins of a novel mucoid clone of sznc78 (st-307) from an epizootic of equine r ... | 2013 | 23845806 |
| development of a markerless gene deletion system for streptococcus zooepidemicus: functional characterization of hyaluronan synthase gene. | streptococcus zooepidemicus is a bacterial pathogen used for production of hyaluronan in industry. intensive research has significantly contributed to our understanding of s. zooepidemicus biology and pathogenesis. however, the lack of an effective targeted gene inactivation system in s. zooepidemicus has notably prevented the functional genomics analysis of this gram-positive bacterium. here, we report the development of a markerless gene deletion system in s. zooepidemicus. we constructed a sa ... | 2013 | 23812334 |
| infectious risk factors and clinical indicators for tracheal mucus in british national hunt racehorses. | many studies of respiratory disease in racehorses have focused on a combination of increased tracheal mucus and airway neutrophilia. examination of each component separately should provide further insight into this condition. | 2014 | 23738942 |
| serum amyloid a concentration in healthy periparturient mares and mares with ascending placentitis. | placentitis is a prevalent cause of abortion, premature delivery and neonatal death in mares. early diagnosis is paramount for the survival of the fetus and delivery of a live foal. | 2013 | 23432049 |
| biosynthesis of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid by streptococcus zooepidemicus using oxygen vector and optimum impeller tip speed. | the potential use of n-dodecane and n-hexadecane as oxygen vectors for enhancing hyaluronic acid (ha) biosynthesis by streptococcus zooepidemicus atcc 39920 was investigated using a 2-l stirred-tank bioreactor equipped with helical ribbon or rushton turbine impellers. the volumetric fraction of the oxygen vector influenced the gas-liquid volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (k(l)a) positively. batch ha fermentation with 1% (v/v) n-dodecane or 0.5% (v/v) n-hexadecane addition was carried out at ... | 2012 | 22608992 |
| disposition of desfuroylceftiofur acetamide in serum, placental tissue, fetal fluids, and fetal tissues after administration of ceftiofur crystalline free acid (ccfa) to pony mares with placentitis. | the objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of ccfa in mares with placentitis and evaluate the disposition of the drug in fetal fluids, fetal membranes, colostrum, and serum of foals. a secondary objective was to obtain pilot data regarding the efficacy of ccfa for improving foal survival in mares with placentitis. twelve pregnant pony mares were enrolled in the study, inoculated with streptococcus zooepidemicus, intracervically and assigned to one of three groups: ceft (n ... | 2013 | 22449008 |
| influence of hyaluronidase addition on the production of hyaluronic acid by batch culture of streptococcuszooepidemicus. | enhancement of hyaluronic acid (ha) production by streptococcus zooepidemicus through increasing oxygen transfer rate via degradation of ha by hyaluronidase was investigated. dissolved oxygen (do) level became a limiting factor for ha production during 8-16h, and thus hyaluronidase (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25g/l) was added at 8h to degrade ha. oxygen transfer rate coefficient and do level during 8-16h increased with increased hyaluronidase concentration. compared to 5.0±0.1g/l of the control w ... | 2008 | 26047280 |
| straight from the horse's "mouth": genomic epidemiology of an icelandic equine epidemic. | despite tight biosecurity measures, an outbreak of respiratory disease rapidly spread across the icelandic equine population in 2010. horse transportation was brought to a halt in order to contain the spread of the infectious agent. in a recent article, björnsdóttir and colleagues (s. björnsdóttir et al., mbio 8:e00826-17, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00826-17) employ the power and resolution of "genomic epidemiology," the combination of whole genomic sequencing and epidemiological approac ... | 2017 | 29018124 |
| mir-194b-3p partially inhibits streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus adherence to pk15 cells. | micrornas are increasingly reported implicated in the host cell response to bacterial pathogens. in order to investigate whether mir-194b-3p regulates the adherence of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (sez) to porcine kidney cell line pk15, the mir-194b-3p agomir and antagomir were transfected into pk15 cells respectively and the adherence rate of sez to each was determined. adherence rate of sez c55138 was significantly decreased when mir-194b-3p agomir was transfected in pk15, while tha ... | 2017 | 29103694 |
| enhanced hyluronic acid production instreptococcus zooepidemicusby over expressing hasa and molecular weight control with niscin and glucose. | hyaluronic acid (ha) is a high molecular weight linear polysaccharide, endowed with unique physiological and biological properties. given its unique properties, ha have unprecedented applications in the fields of medicine and cosmetics. the ever growing demand for ha production is the driving force behind the need for finding and developing novel and amenable sources of the ha producers. microbial fermentation ofstreptococcus zooepidemicusdeemed as one the most expeditious and pervasive methods ... | 2017 | 29296591 |