Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| evaluation of immune responses following infection of ponies with an ehv-1 orf1/2 deletion mutant. | abstract: equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1) infection remains a significant problem despite the widespread use of vaccines. the inability to generate a protective immune response to ehv-1 vaccination or infection is thought to be due to immunomodulatory properties of the virus, and the orf1 and orf2 gene products have been hypothesized as potential candidates with immunoregulatory properties. a pony infection study was performed to define immune responses to ehv-1, and to determine if an ehv-1 orf1/2 ... | 2011 | 21314906 |
| protection against infectious laryngotracheitis by in ovo vaccination with commercially available viral vector recombinant vaccines. | infectious laryngotracheitis (ilt) is a highly contagious respiratory disease of chickens caused by infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv). the disease is mainly controlled through biosecurity and by vaccination with live-attenuated vaccines. the chicken embryo origin (ceo) vaccines, although proven to be effective in experimental settings, have limited efficacy in controlling the disease in dense broiler production sites due to unrestricted use and poor mass vaccination coverage. these facto ... | 2010 | 21313847 |
| inhibition of lytic reactivation of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus by alloferon. | alloferon, an immunomodulatory peptide, has antiviral capability against herpesvirus. in this research, we aimed to investigate the effect of alloferon on the regulation of the life cycle of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), and its mechanisms. we also assessed the antiviral activity of alloferon on natural killer (nk) cells as an early antiviral immune responder. | 2011 | 21311105 |
| characterization of the host response in systemic isosporosis (atoxoplasmosis) in a colony of captive american goldfinches (spinus tristis) and house sparrows (passer domesticus). | systemic isosporosis, also known as atoxoplasmosis, is a common parasitic disease of passerines. infection is thought to be endemic in wild birds with fulminant, fatal disease occurring under the influence of stress, concurrent infections, or immunosuppression. here, we describe the histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of the cellular infiltrate occurring in captive colonies of american goldfinches and house sparrows. necropsies were performed on 9 birds, and histologic examination ... | 2011 | 21311069 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 sequences in yaks (bos grunniens) with keratoconjunctivitis, using a highly sensitive nested polymerase chain reaction. | thirty-seven yaks (bos grunniens) with keratoconjunctivitis and 22 healthy yaks were used to investigate the role of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) in keratoconjunctivitis in yaks. nucleic acid sequences of bohv-1 glycoproteins b and e were detected in conjunctival swabs from all yaks with keratoconjunctivitis using a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr). in 21 yaks, bohv-1 sequences were detected along with moraxella bovis (m. bovis) and neisseria spp. the amplified bohv-1 sequences were ident ... | 2010 | 21309468 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus bacterial artificial chromosome contains a duplication of a long unique-region fragment within the terminal repeat region. | use of the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) bacterial artificial chromosome 36 (kshv-bac36) genome permits reverse genetics approaches to study kshv biology. while sequencing the complete kshv-bac36 genome, we noted a duplication of a 9-kb fragment of the long unique region in the terminal repeat region. this duplication covers a part of open reading frame (orf) 19, the complete orfs 18, 17, 16, k7, k6, and k5, and the putative orf in the left origin of lytic replication, and it co ... | 2011 | 21307197 |
| hydrolyzable tannins (chebulagic acid and punicalagin) target viral glycoprotein-glycosaminoglycan interactions to inhibit herpes simplex virus 1 entry and cell-to-cell spread. | herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) is a common human pathogen that causes lifelong latent infection of sensory neurons. non-nucleoside inhibitors that can limit hsv-1 recurrence are particularly useful in treating immunocompromised individuals or cases of emerging acyclovir-resistant strains of herpesvirus. we report that chebulagic acid (chla) and punicalagin (pug), two hydrolyzable tannins isolated from the dried fruits of terminalia chebula retz. (combretaceae), inhibit hsv-1 entry at noncytotoxi ... | 2011 | 21307190 |
| epstein-barr virus lmp1 activates egfr, stat3, and erk through effects on pkcdelta. | epstein-barr virus (ebv) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus that infects more than 90% of the world's adult population and is linked to multiple malignancies, including burkitt lymphoma, hodgkin disease, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc). the ebv oncoprotein lmp1 induces transcription of the epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr), which is expressed at high levels in npc. egfr transcription is induced by lmp1 through a p50 nf?b1-bcl-3 complex, and bcl-3 is induced by lmp1-mediated activation of stat3 ... | 2011 | 21307189 |
| oncogenic virus-mediated cell fusion: new insights into initiation and progression of oncogenic viruses--related cancers. | cell fusion is fundamental to the development and physiology of multicellular organisms, such as fertilization, placentation, development of skeletal muscle and bone. oncogenic virus-mediated cell fusion, however, may lead to chromosomal instability (cin) by various mechanisms when tumor suppressor p53 is deregulated and produce oncogenic aneuploid cells. it is worth noting that all human oncogenic viruses, including human papillomavirus (hpv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), e ... | 2011 | 21306823 |
| equine major histocompatibility complex class i molecules act as entry receptors that bind to equine herpesvirus-1 glycoprotein d. | the endotheliotropism of equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1) leads to encephalomyelitis secondary to vasculitis and thrombosis in the infected horse central nervous system (cns). to identify the host factors involved in ehv-1 infection of cns endothelial cells, we performed functional cloning using an equine brain microvascular endothelial cell cdna library. exogenous expression of equine major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i heavy chain genes conferred susceptibility to ehv-1 infection in mou ... | 2011 | 21306483 |
| the herpesvirus associated ubiquitin specific protease, usp7, is a negative regulator of pml proteins and pml nuclear bodies. | the pml tumor suppressor is the founding component of the multiprotein nuclear structures known as pml nuclear bodies (pml-nbs), which control several cellular functions including apoptosis and antiviral effects. the ubiquitin specific protease usp7 (also called hausp) is known to associate with pml-nbs and to be a tight binding partner of two herpesvirus proteins that disrupt pml nbs. here we investigated whether usp7 itself regulates pml-nbs. silencing of usp7 was found to increase the number ... | 2011 | 21305000 |
| entrapment of viral capsids in nuclear pml cages is an intrinsic antiviral host defense against varicella-zoster virus. | the herpesviruses, like most other dna viruses, replicate in the host cell nucleus. subnuclear domains known as promyelocytic leukemia protein nuclear bodies (pml-nbs), or nd10 bodies, have been implicated in restricting early herpesviral gene expression. these viruses have evolved countermeasures to disperse pml-nbs, as shown in cells infected in vitro, but information about the fate of pml-nbs and their functions in herpesvirus infected cells in vivo is limited. varicella-zoster virus (vzv) is ... | 2011 | 21304940 |
| a dominant role for the immunoproteasome in cd8+ t cell responses to murine cytomegalovirus. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) is an important animal model of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), a ß-herpesvirus that infects the majority of the world's population and causes disease in neonates and immunocompromised adults. cd8(+) t cells are a major part of the immune response to mcmv and hcmv. processing of peptides for presentation to cd8(+) t cells may be critically dependent on the immunoproteasome, expression of which is affected by mcmv. however, the overall importance of the immunoproteasom ... | 2011 | 21304910 |
| molecular identification of novel alpha- and gammaherpesviruses from cetaceans stranded on japanese coasts. | herpesviral infections have been documented in some cetaceans; however, they have not yet been identified in species in the western north pacific. in the present study, 178 tissue samples from 76 stranded cetacean individuals were tested for the presence of herpesviruses. herpesvirus genomic dna fragments surrounding the dna polymerase gene were amplified in samples from four individuals. ta cloning and direct sequencing of these dna fragments revealed the presence of two novel alphaherpesviruse ... | 2011 | 21303205 |
| exploiting human herpesvirus immune evasion for therapeutic gain: potential and pitfalls. | herpesviruses stand out for their capacity to establish lifelong infections of immunocompetent hosts, generally without causing overt symptoms. herpesviruses are equipped with sophisticated immune evasion strategies, allowing these viruses to persist for life despite the presence of a strong antiviral immune response. although viral evasion tactics appear to target virtually any stage of the innate and adaptive host immune response, detailed knowledge is now available on the molecular mechanisms ... | 2011 | 21301483 |
| understanding human t-cell-mediated immunoregulation through herpesviruses. | human herpesviruses have coevolved with humans over millions of years, and adaptation of latent infection within the cells of the immune system is a unique characteristic of many of these viruses. following primary infection, these herpesviruses establish an asymptomatic-persistent infection in healthy individuals that is strictly controlled by virus-specific cd8(+) and cd4(+) t cells. here, we provide a brief overview of how the human immune system interacts with these latent viruses and regula ... | 2011 | 21301481 |
| the mirna-targetome of kshv and ebv in human b-cells. | micro-rnas (mirnas) are small non-coding rna molecules which provide a subtle layer of regulation to thousands of cellular genes. the identification of virally encoded mirnas added another layer of complexity to the dense interaction between viruses and their natural hosts. while it has been shown that viral mirnas can regulate both cellular and viral gene expression, target identification has been a difficult and cumbersome task. the immunoprecipitation of argonaute (ago)-protein containing rna ... | 2011 | 21301209 |
| benzimidazole analogs inhibit human herpesvirus 6. | several benzimidazole nucleoside analogs, including 1h-ß-d-ribofuranosyl-2-bromo-5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole (bdcrb) and 1h-ß-l-ribofuranosyl-2-isopropylamino-5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole (maribavir [mbv]), inhibit the replication of human cytomegalovirus. neither analog inhibited the related betaherpesvirus human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6). additional analogs of these compounds were evaluated against both variants of hhv-6, and two l-analogs of bdcrb had good antiviral activity against hhv-6a, as well as ... | 2011 | 21300829 |
| unsuitability of exhaled breath condensate for the detection of herpesviruses dna in the respiratory tract. | exhaled breath condensate is a non-invasive method for detecting a wide number of molecules as well as genomic dna in the airways. no study investigated the detection of viral dna in exhaled breath condensate, while only one study excluded its usefulness for detection of influenza virus rna. in this study, the suitability of exhaled breath condensate for detecting herpesviruses infection or reactivation in the respiratory tract of lung transplant recipients was evaluated. twenty-four matched sam ... | 2011 | 21300108 |
| characterization of bohv-5 field strains circulation and report of transient specific subtype of bovine herpesvirus 5 in argentina. | bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5) is a member of the subfamily alphaherpesvirinae responsible for meningo-encephalitis in young cattle. the first case of bovine meningo-encephalitis associated with a herpesvirus infection was reported in australia. the current geographical distribution of bohv-5 infection is mainly restricted to south america, especially brazil and argentina. outbreaks of bohv-5 are regularly observed in argentina suggesting the circulation of the virus in the bovine population. | 2011 | 21299866 |
| ebv protein bnlf2a exploits host tail-anchored protein integration machinery to inhibit tap. | ebv, the prototypic human ?(1)-herpesvirus, persists for life in infected individuals, despite the presence of vigorous antiviral immunity. ctls play an important role in the protection against viral infections, which they detect through recognition of virus-encoded peptides presented in the context of hla class i molecules at the cell surface. the viral peptides are generated in the cytosol and are transported into the endoplasmic reticulum (er) by tap. the ebv-encoded lytic-phase protein bnlf2 ... | 2011 | 21296983 |
| long-term outcome of human herpesvirus-6 encephalitis after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. | human herpesvirus-6 (hhv-6) encephalitis is recognized as a relatively rare, but sometimes lethal, complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct). although the development of new diagnostic techniques and antiviral therapy has improved, the prognosis of encephalitis is still unclear. we surveyed 197 patients who underwent allogeneic hsct between january 2004 and march 2008 at our institution, and 8 (4.0%) were diagnosed as having hhv-6 encephalitis. five were male and ... | 2011 | 21296175 |
| expression of dcr3 and its effects in kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-infected human endothelial cells. | objective: kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is classified as a gamma-herpesvirus and it causes kaposi's sarcoma in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). decoy receptor 3 (dcr3) is known as a decoy receptor for fas ligand, light and tl1a and it can neutralize the biological effect of tl1a by inhibiting the tl1a-dr3 interaction in human endothelial cells. the present study examined the expression of dcr3 in human endothelial cells and its effect during the ea ... | 2011 | 21293109 |
| microdissection of neural networks by conditional reporter expression from a brainbow herpesvirus. | transneuronal transport of neurotropic viruses is widely used to define the organization of neural circuitry in the mature and developing nervous system. however, interconnectivity within complex circuits limits the ability of viral tracing to define connections specifically linked to a subpopulation of neurons within a network. here we demonstrate a unique viral tracing technology that highlights connections to defined populations of neurons within a larger labeled network. this technology was ... | 2011 | 21292985 |
| equine herpesvirus 4: recent advances using bac technology. | the equine herpesviruses are major infectious pathogens that threaten equine health. equine herpesvirus 4 (ehv-4) is an important equine pathogen that causes respiratory tract disease, known as rhinopneumonitis, among horses worldwide. ehv-4 genome manipulation with subsequent understanding of the viral gene functions has always been difficult due to the limited number of susceptible cell lines and the absence of small-animal models of the infection. efficient generation of mutants of ehv-4 woul ... | 2011 | 21292410 |
| inhibition of mouse tap by immune evasion molecules encoded by non-murine herpesviruses. | herpesviruses escape elimination by cytotoxic t lymphocytes through specific interference with the antigen-presenting function of mhc class i (mhc i) molecules. the transporter associated with antigen processing (tap) forms a bottleneck in the mhc i antigen presentation pathway. the fact that multiple viruses, especially herpesviruses, encode molecules blocking tap function is a case in point. the action of these viral immuno evasins is usually potent and very specific, making these proteins val ... | 2011 | 21292324 |
| further evidence of antigenic drift and protective efficacy afforded by a recombinant hvt-h5 vaccine against challenge with two antigenically divergent egyptian clade 2.2.1 hpai h5n1 strains. | in this study, we have compared the protection afforded by a recombinant turkey herpesvirus vaccine expressing the h5 gene from a clade 2.2 h5n1 strain (rhvt-h5) and a mexican-origin h5n2 inactivated vaccine, alone or in combination, against two antigenically divergent h5n1 egyptian strains isolated in 2007 and 2008. our results confirm the existence of a major antigenic drift among the egyptian h5n1 strains such that, although protection against the "classical" 2007 hpai h5n1 egyptian strain co ... | 2011 | 21292007 |
| interaction of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus orf59 with orilyt is dependent on binding with k-rta. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv)/human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) displays two distinct life stages, latency and lytic reactivation. progression through the lytic cycle and replication of the viral genome constitute an essential step toward the production of infectious virus and human disease. kshv k-rta has been shown to be the major transactivator required for the initiation of lytic reactivation. in the transient-cotransfection replication assay, k-rta is the only noncore protein req ... | 2011 | 21289111 |
| ganciclovir-resistant human herpesvirus-6 encephalitis in a liver transplant patient: a case report. | human herpesvirus-6 (hhv-6) was initially isolated in 1986 from patients with lymphoproliferative disorders (ablashi et al. 1987). since that time, two genetically distinct variants were sequenced, hhv-6a and hhv-6b (ablashi and balachandran 1991). both variants have been linked with neurologic disease (crawford et al. 2007). hhv-6 encephalitis has been well described in literature, typically presenting with confusion, coma, seizure, and headache. the majority of hhv-6 encephalitis has been limi ... | 2011 | 21287317 |
| stepwise release of biologically active hmgb1 during hsv-2 infection. | high mobility group box 1 protein (hmgb1) is a major endogenous danger signal that triggers inflammation and immunity during septic and aseptic stresses. hmgb1 recently emerged as a key soluble factor in the pathogenesis of various infectious diseases, but nothing is known of its behaviour during herpesvirus infection. we therefore investigated the dynamics and biological effects of hmgb1 during hsv-2 infection of epithelial hec-1 cells. | 2011 | 21283827 |
| mir-k12-7-5p encoded by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus stabilizes the latent state by targeting viral orf50/rta. | seventeen mirnas encoded by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) have been identified and their functions have begun to be characterized. among these mirnas, we report here that mir-k12-7 directly targets the replication and transcription activator (rta) encoded by open reading frame 50. we found that mir-k12-7 targeted the rta 3' untranslated region (rta3'utr) in a seed sequence-dependent manner. mir-k12-7-5p derived from mir-k12-7 mediates the inhibition of rta expression, and the mu ... | 2011 | 21283761 |
| human herpesvirus 6 infection in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients. | human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6) infection occurs worldwide and can be reactivated from latency during periods of immunosuppression, especially after organ transplantation. no previous study has evaluated the influence of dialysis type on hhv-6 infection. the aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of hhv-6 antibodies in hemodialysis (hd) and peritoneal dialysis (pd) patients. ? | 2011 | 21282374 |
| hepatitis viruses: not always what it seems to be. | the classic hepatotropic viruses, hepatitis a through e, are not the only viral agents able to infect the liver. other systemic viruses may cause hepatic injury that can range from mild and transient elevation of aminotransferases to acute hepatitis and occasionally acute liver failure and fulminant hepatitis. the clinical presentation may be indistinguishable from that associated with classic hepatotropic viruses. these agents include cytomegalovirus; epstein-barr virus; herpes simplex virus; v ... | 2010 | 21279280 |
| human herpesvirus 8 seropositivity in rural uganda: maturation of sero-epidemiological studies. | 2011 | 21273189 | |
| human herpesvirus 8 infection in children and adults in a population-based study in rural uganda. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) infection is endemic in sub-saharan africa. we examined sociodemographic, behavioral, and biological factors associated with hhv-8 infection in children and adults to determine hhv-8 seroprevalence and potential routes of transmission. | 2011 | 21273188 |
| regulation of nm23-h1 and cell invasiveness by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. | the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is the causative agent of kaposi's sarcoma (ks), and the induction of an invasive cellular phenotype by kshv following de novo infection is an important pathogenic component mediating tumor progression. the metastasis suppressor gene known as nm23-h1 regulates tumor cell invasiveness, but whether kshv itself regulates nm23-h1 expression or subcellular localization, and whether this impacts cell invasiveness, has not been established. we found th ... | 2011 | 21270158 |
| detection and phylogenetic characterization of a novel herpesvirus from the trachea of two stranded common loons (gavia immer). | two wild adult common loons (gavia immer) were evaluated after being found stranded in mainland north-central florida on separate occasions. on the basis of upper airway endoscopic and cytologic findings, we diagnosed severe ulcerative tracheitis antemortem in one of the birds while more subtle lesions were observed in the other. a novel herpesvirus was detected in antemortem tracheal samples using nested consensus pcr amplification of the polymerase gene and sequencing. despite prolonged intens ... | 2011 | 21270015 |
| mycoplasma and herpesvirus pcr detection in tortoises with rhinitis-stomatitis complex in spain. | chelonid herpesvirus (chhv) and mycoplasmal infections cause similar clinical signs in terrestrial tortoises and may be the most important causative agents of rhinitis-stomatitis complex, a common disease in captive tortoises worldwide. currently, diagnosis of chhv and mycoplasma spp. infections is most often based on serologic testing. however, serologic results only detect past exposure, and the specificity of these tests can be reduced due to antigenic cross-reactions with other pathogens. mo ... | 2011 | 21270008 |
| immune defence against ebv and ebv-associated disease. | epstein-barr virus (ebv), a b-lymphotropic herpesvirus widespread in the human population and normally contained as an asymptomatic infection by t cell surveillance, nevertheless causes infectious mononucleosis and is strongly linked to several types of human cancer. here we describe new findings on the range of cellular immune responses induced by ebv infection, on viral strategies to evade those responses and on the links between hla gene loci and ebv-induced disease. the success of adoptive t ... | 2011 | 21269819 |
| recognition of herpesviruses by the innate immune system. | advances in innate immunity over the past decade have revealed distinct classes of pattern recognition receptors (prrs) that detect pathogens at the cell surface and in intracellular compartments. this has shed light on how herpesviruses, which are large disease-causing dna viruses that replicate in the nucleus, are initially recognized during cellular infection. surprisingly, this involves multiple prrs both on the cell surface and within endosomes and the cytosol. in this article we describe r ... | 2011 | 21267015 |
| herpesviruses carrying a brainbow cassette reveal replication and expression of limited numbers of incoming genomes. | whether all the infectious herpesvirus particles entering a cell are able to replicate and/or express their genomes is not known. here, we developed a general method to determine the number of viral genomes expressed in an infected cell. we constructed and analysed fluorophore expression from a recombinant pseudorabies virus (prv263) carrying a brainbow cassette (cre-conditional expression of different fluorophores). using three isogenic strains derived from prv263, each expressing a single fluo ... | 2010 | 21266996 |
| kshv dna viremia correlates with low cd4+ cell count in italian males at the time of diagnosis of hiv infection. | to evaluate the relevance and the virological and immunological markers of kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus 8 (kshv) viremia in italian male patients at the time of diagnosis of infection with hiv-1, 481 men infected with hiv were recruited consecutively. the presence of kshv dna was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) and in plasma and correlated with demographic and viro-immunological parameters. seventy-four patients had kshv dna detected in pbmcs. by univariate analysis, the pr ... | 2011 | 21264857 |
| rapamycin blocks production of kshv/hhv8: insights into the anti-tumor activity of an immunosuppressant drug. | infection with kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv/hhv8) often results in the development of fatal tumors in immunocompromised patients. studies of renal transplant recipients show that use of the immunosuppressant drug rapamycin, an mtor inhibitor, both prevents and can induce the regression of kaposi's sarcoma (ks), an opportunistic tumor that arises within a subset of this infected population. in light of rapamycin's marked anti-ks activity, we tested whether the drug might directly ... | 2011 | 21264294 |
| exploitation of herpesviral transactivation allows quantitative reporter gene-based assessment of virus entry and neutralization. | herpesviral entry is a highly elaborated process requiring many proteins to act in precise conjunction. neutralizing antibodies interfere with this process to abrogate viral infection. based on promoter transactivation of a reporter gene we established a novel method to quantify herpesvirus entry and neutralization by antibodies. following infection with mouse and human cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus 1 we observed promoter transactivation resulting in substantial luciferase expression ... | 2011 | 21264213 |
| role of the infections in recurrent spontaneous abortion. | embryo-fetal infections have been reported to cause recurrent spontaneous abortions (rsas) at a rate lower than 4%. the possible mechanisms include production of toxic metabolic byproducts, fetal or placental infection, chronic endometrial infection, and chorio-amnionitis. viruses appear to be the most frequently involved pathogens, since some of them can produce chronic or recurrent maternal infection. in particular, cytomegalovirus during pregnancy can reach the placenta by viremia, following ... | 2011 | 21261443 |
| indications of a relationship between buying-in policy and infectious diseases on dairy farms in wales. | during the period february to may 2008, bulk milk samples were collected from 57 dairy farms throughout wales in the framework of a voluntary somatic cell count project. bulk milk samples were tested for antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv), bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) and leptospira hardjo, and samples were also tested for the presence of bvdv antigen by pcr. a questionnaire was used to determine whether the herd was open or closed, what the vaccination status was, and to obt ... | 2010 | 21257463 |
| prevalence of pasteurella multocida and other respiratory pathogens in the nasal tract of scottish calves. | the prevalence of pasteurella multocida, a cause of bovine respiratory disease, was studied in a random sample of beef suckler and dairy farms throughout scotland, by means of a cross-sectional survey. a total of 637 calves from 68 farms from six geographical regions of scotland were sampled between february and june 2008. deep nasal swabs were taken, and samples that were culture-positive for p multocida were confirmed by pcr. prevalence of p multocida was 17 per cent (105 of 616 calves); 47 pe ... | 2010 | 21257416 |
| a novel screening method detects herpesviral dna in the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis lung. | abstract background. herpesviruses could contribute to the lung epithelial injury that initiates profibrotic responses in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ipf). methods. we identified herpesviral dna from ipf and control lung tissue using a multiplex pcr- and microarray-based method. active herpesviral infection was detected by standard methods, and inflammatory cell subtypes were identified with specific antibodies. patients that underwent lung transplantation were monitored for signs of herpesvi ... | 2011 | 21254895 |
| structural basis for the recognition of cellular mrna export factor ref by herpes viral proteins hsv-1 icp27 and hvs orf57. | the herpesvirus proteins hsv-1 icp27 and hvs orf57 promote viral mrna export by utilizing the cellular mrna export machinery. this function is triggered by binding to proteins of the transcription-export (trex) complex, in particular to ref/aly which directs viral mrna to the tap/nfx1 pathway and, subsequently, to the nuclear pore for export to the cytoplasm. here we have determined the structure of the ref-icp27 interaction interface at atomic-resolution and provided a detailed comparison of th ... | 2011 | 21253573 |
| human herpesvirus-8 infection associated with kaposi sarcoma, multicentric castleman's disease, and plasmablastic microlymphoma in a man with aids: a case report with review of pathophysiologic processes. | kaposi sarcoma (ks), multicentric castleman's disease (mcd), and plasmablastic microlymphoma, are all linked to human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) infection and hiv-induced immunodeficiency. herein, we describe the case of a kenyan man diagnosed with hiv in 2000. he deferred highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) and remained in good health until his cd4+ count declined in 2006. he was hospitalized with bacterial pneumonia in 2008, after which he agreed to take haart but did so sporadically. in 2 ... | 2010 | 21253546 |
| exploitation of herpesvirus immune evasion strategies to modify the immunogenicity of human mesenchymal stem cell transplants. | mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) are multipotent cells residing in the connective tissue of many organs and holding great potential for tissue repair. in culture, human mscs (hmscs) are capable of extensive proliferation without showing chromosomal aberrations. large numbers of hmscs can thus be acquired from small samples of easily obtainable tissues like fat and bone marrow. mscs can contribute to regeneration indirectly by secretion of cytokines or directly by differentiation into specialized ce ... | 2011 | 21253016 |
| discovery of a viral nlr homolog that inhibits the inflammasome. | the nlr (nucleotide binding and oligomerization, leucine-rich repeat) family of proteins senses microbial infections and activates the inflammasome, a multiprotein complex that promotes microbial clearance. kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is linked to several human malignancies. we found that kshv orf63 is a viral homolog of human nlrp1. orf63 blocked nlrp1-dependent innate immune responses, including caspase-1 activation and processing of interleukins il-1β and il-18. kshv orf63 ... | 2011 | 21252346 |
| kaposi sarcoma and paracoccidioidomycosis in the same fragment of oral mucosa biopsy: a rare association in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient. a case report. | the immunossuppression caused by hiv infection makes the affected individuals more susceptible to some diseases including infections, neoplasms, or even the association between them. kaposi sarcoma (ks) is the most common aids-related neoplasm, featured as an angioproliferative disorder. its cause seems to be related to the human herpesvirus type 8 and it is usually associated with lower cd4+ t cell count. oral involvement is frequent, presenting red to blue-purplish plaques, maculaes, and nodul ... | 2011 | 21251565 |
| a herpesvirus virulence factor inhibits dendritic cell maturation through protein phosphatase 1 and ikappa b kinase. | dendritic cells are sentinels in innate and adaptive immunity. upon virus infection, a complex program is in operation, which activates i?b kinase (ikk), a key regulator of inflammatory cytokines and costimulatory molecules. here we show that the ?(1)34.5 protein, a virulence factor of herpes simplex viruses, blocks toll-like receptor-mediated dendritic cell maturation. while the wild-type virus inhibits the induction of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii, cd86, interleukin-6 (il-6) ... | 2011 | 21248029 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5 in semen from brazilian bulls. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5) are important pathogens of the respiratory and genital tract of cattle and may also affect the central nervous system and cause meningoencephalitis. both virus types are estimated to be widely distributed in southern brazil. in the present study, bohv-1 and/or bohv-5 dna were detected in bovine semen samples from two states of brazil by two species-specific nested polymerase chain reactions (npcrs). these npcrs were used to assay 53 samples of fresh s ... | 2011 | 21247624 |
| the prevalence of ovine herpesvirus-2 in 4 sheep breeds from different regions in south africa. | about 90% of bovine malignant catarrhal fever (bmcf) pcr-positive cases in south africa are caused by alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (alhv-1) and the other 10% by ovine herpesvirus-2 (ovhv-2). the prevalence of ovhv-2 in different sheep breeds in south africa was determined in order to investigate whether the lower incidence of bmcf caused by ovhv-2 in comparison with alhv-1 can be ascribed to a low incidence of the virus in sheep. a single-tube hemi-nested pcr was developed, evaluated and applied to ... | 2010 | 21247014 |
| delayed-type hypersensitivity in classic kaposi sarcoma patients and controls. | immune perturbation likely affects the development of kaposi sarcoma (ks) among people infected with the ks-associated herpesvirus (kshv). we tested whether kshv-seropositive individuals or cases of classic ks (cks), which typically originates in the leg, had differing delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) in the forearm or leg. | 2011 | 21245864 |
| kshv infects a subset of human tonsillar b cells, driving proliferation and plasmablast differentiation. | kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv; also known as hhv8) is the causative agent of two b cell tumors, multicentric castleman disease (mcd) and primary effusion lymphoma (pel). however, little is known about the nature of the specific b cell subtype(s) most susceptible to infection. identifying these cells would provide direct insight into kshv transmission and virus-induced transformation. to identify this subset and to determine whether infection alters its cellular phenotype, we expose ... | 2011 | 21245574 |
| serological detection of epstein-barr virus infection in dogs and cats. | epstein-barr virus (ebv) is widespread in humans world-wide. the virus, which is linked to burkitt's and hodgkin lymphoma in humans, has recently been detected in pet dogs in taiwan. the aim of this study was to determine if ebv is present in other canine populations, whether infection is associated with lymphoma in dogs, and whether infection is present in cats. canine and feline serum samples were analysed by immunofluorescence assay. antibodies to ebv or an ebv-like virus were detected in 38. ... | 2010 | 21242039 |
| kaposi sarcoma and quinine: a potentially overlooked triggering factor in millions of africans. | kaposi sarcoma (ks)-associated herpesvirus, also known as human herpesvirus 8, is necessary but not sufficient for the development of ks. lytic reactivation of human herpesvirus 8 may be important in ks pathogenesis. ks and its causative agent, ks-associated herpesvirus, have distinctive largely unexplained geographic distributions. we note the recent "oncoweed" hypothesis of biologic plants in the environment accounting for this reactivation. we believe that quinine and its derivatives might be ... | 2011 | 21238829 |
| cyclin-cyclin-dependent kinase regulatory response is linked to substrate recognition. | cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) complexes are critical regulators of cellular proliferation. a complex network of regulatory mechanisms has evolved to control their activity, including activating and inactivating phosphorylation of the catalytic cdk subunit and inhibition through specific regulatory proteins. primate herpesviruses, including the oncogenic kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus, encode cyclin d homologues. viral cyclins have diverged from their cellular progenitor in that they elicit ho ... | 2011 | 21233209 |
| cytomegalovirus antibodies in dried blood spots: a minimally invasive method for assessing stress, immune function, and aging. | 2011 | 21232134 | |
| histone demethylase jmjd2a regulates kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and is targeted by a viral transcriptional factor. | the switch between the latency and lytic cycles of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is accompanied by specific alterations of histone codes. recently, comprehensive analysis of histone modifications of kshv showed the deposition of h3k27me3 across the kshv genome with two specific regions occupied by the heterochromatin marker h3k9me3. here, we show that knockdown of jmjd2a, an h3k9me3 demethylase, attenuates viral titers, whereas its overexpression increases kshv reactivation. jmj ... | 2011 | 21228229 |
| sources and signals regulating type i interferon production: lessons learned from cytomegalovirus. | type i interferons (ifn-αβ) are pleiotropic cytokines critical for antiviral host defense, and the timing and magnitude of their production involve a complex interplay between host and pathogen factors. mouse cytomegalovirus (a β-herpesvirus) is a persistent virus that induces a biphasic ifn-αβ response during the first days of infection. the cell types and molecular mechanisms governing these 2 phases are unique, with splenic stromal cells being a major source of initial ifn-αβ, requiring commu ... | 2011 | 21226618 |
| a human herpesvirus mirna attenuates interferon signaling and contributes to maintenance of viral latency by targeting ikkε. | type i interferon (ifn) signaling is the principal response mediating antiviral innate immunity. ifn transcription is dependent upon the activation of transcription factors irf3/irf7 and nf-κb. many viral proteins have been shown as being capable of interfering with ifn signaling to facilitate evasion from the host innate immune response. here, we report that a viral mirna, mir-k12-11, encoded by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is critical for the modulation of ifn signaling and a ... | 2011 | 21221132 |
| dichotomous regulation of gvhd through bidirectional functions of the btla-hvem pathway. | b and t lymphocyte attenuator (btla) is a co-inhibitory receptor that interacts with herpesvirus entry mediator (hvem), and this interaction regulates pathogenesis in various immunologic diseases. in graft-versus-host disease (gvhd), btla unexpectedly mediates positive effects on donor t-cell survival, whereas immunologic mechanisms of this function have yet to be explored. in this study, we elucidated a role of btla in gvhd by applying the newly established agonistic anti-btla monoclonal antibo ... | 2011 | 21220749 |
| human herpesvirus 6 major immediate early promoter has strong activity in t cells and is useful for heterologous gene expression. | human herpesvirus-6 (hhv-6) is a beta-herpesvirus. hhv-6 infects and replicates in t cells. the hhv-6-encoded major immediate early gene (mie) is expressed at the immediate-early infection phase. human cytomegalovirus major immediate early promoter (cmv miep) is commercially available for the expression of various heterologous genes. here we identified the hhv-6 mie promoter (miep) and compared its activity with that of cmv miep in various cell lines. | 2011 | 21219662 |
| pathogenesis and host control of gammaherpesviruses: lessons from the mouse. | gammaherpesviruses are lymphotropic viruses that are associated with the development of lymphoproliferative diseases, lymphomas, as well as other nonlymphoid cancers. most known gammaherpesviruses establish latency in b lymphocytes. research on epstein-barr virus (ebv) and murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (mhv68/γhv68/mhv4) has revealed a complex relationship between virus latency and the stage of b cell differentiation. available data support a model in which gammaherpesvirus infection drives b cell ... | 2011 | 21219186 |
| virus serology in patients with suspected myocarditis: utility or futility? | serological analyses of viral infection in suspected myocarditis are still widely used, although convincing evidence for their value is lacking. we determined prospectively the diagnostic value of virus serology in comparison with endomyocardial biopsy (emb) including viral genome detection and immunohistochemistry in patients with clinically suspected myocarditis. | 2011 | 21217143 |
| intrafamiliar transmission of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and seronegative infection in family members of classic kaposi's sarcoma patients. | the link between kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv or human herpesvirus 8) and kaposi's sarcoma has been proven, but the transmission routes, especially in the heterosexual population, are not yet completely understood. to assess the intrafamilial patterns of transmission among first-degree relatives of italian classic kaposi's sarcoma (cks) patients, kshv seroprevalence and the presence of viral dna in blood and saliva were evaluated in 18 families (32 cks patients and 35 family mem ... | 2011 | 21216985 |
| regulation of promyelocytic leukemia (pml) protein levels and cell morphology by bovine herpesvirus 1 infected cell protein 0 (bicp0) and mutant bicp0 proteins that do not localize to the nucleus. | bhv-1 is an important pathogen of cattle. the infected cell protein 0 (bicp0) encoded by bhv-1 is an important regulatory protein because it is constitutively expressed and can activate all viral promoters. the mechanism by which bicp0 activates viral promoters is not well understood because bicp0 does not appear to be a sequence specific binding protein. a c(3)hc(4) zinc ring (really interesting novel gene) motif at the n-terminus of bicp0 has e3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which is important fo ... | 2011 | 21215282 |
| kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus degrades cellular toll-interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor-inducing beta-interferon (trif). | kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is a human γ-herpesvirus associated with several human malignancies. the replication and transcription activator (rta) is necessary and sufficient for the switch from kshv latency to lytic replication. toll-interleukin-1 receptor (tir) domain-containing adaptor-inducing β-interferon (trif, also called tir-domain-containing adaptor molecule-1 (ticam-1)) is a signaling adaptor molecule that is critically involved in the toll-like receptor 3 (tlr-3) and ... | 2011 | 21212282 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus orf57 promotes escape of viral and human interleukin-6 from microrna-mediated suppression. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) lytic infection increases the expression of viral and human interleukin-6 (vil-6 and hil-6, respectively), an important factor for cell growth and pathogenesis. here, we report genome-wide analysis of viral rna targets of kshv orf57 by a novel uv-cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (clip) assay. we identified 11 viral transcripts as putative orf57 targets and demonstrate that vil-6 mrna is an authentic target of orf57. disrupting the orf57 gene in ... | 2011 | 21209110 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-induced angiogenin plays roles in latency via the phospholipase c gamma pathway: blocking angiogenin inhibits latent gene expression and induces the lytic cycle. | during de novo infection of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (hmvec-d), kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) induced the multifunctional angiogenin (ang) protein, which entered the nuclei and nucleoli of infected cells and stimulated 45s rrna gene transcription, proliferation, and tube formation, which were inhibited by blocking ang nuclear translocation with the antibiotic neomycin (s. sadagopan et al., j. virol. 83:3342-3364, 2009). ang was induced by kshv latency protein ... | 2011 | 21209106 |
| identification and sequencing of a novel rodent gammaherpesvirus that establishes acute and latent infection in laboratory mice. | gammaherpesviruses encode numerous immunomodulatory molecules that contribute to their ability to evade the host immune response and establish persistent, lifelong infections. as the human gammaherpesviruses are strictly species specific, small animal models of gammaherpesvirus infection, such as murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (γhv68) infection, are important for studying the roles of gammaherpesvirus immune evasion genes in in vivo infection and pathogenesis. we report here the genome sequence and ... | 2011 | 21209105 |
| generation of a specific-pathogen-free baboon colony. | we undertook establishing an spf baboon colony in response to requests from researchers. to enable the widest possible future use of spf baboons, our aim was to develop an spf colony of baboons (papio hamadryas anubis) free of 12 target viruses: 5 herpesviruses, 4 retroviruses, simian virus 40, measles, and monkeypox. infant baboons were removed from their mothers within 24 h of birth and nursery-reared. groups of 3 to 8 age-matched conspecifics were isolated in separate rooms for 1 y while unde ... | 2010 | 21205446 |
| interaction of c-cbl with myosin iia regulates bleb associated macropinocytosis of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. | kshv is etiologically associated with kaposi's sarcoma (ks), an angioproliferative endothelial cell malignancy. macropinocytosis is the predominant mode of in vitro entry of kshv into its natural target cells, human dermal microvascular endothelial (hmvec-d) cells. although macropinocytosis is known to be a major route of entry for many viruses, the molecule(s) involved in the recruitment and integration of signaling early during macropinosome formation is less well studied. here we demonstrate ... | 2010 | 21203488 |
| mutation of herpesvirus saimiri orf51 glycoprotein specifically targets infectivity to hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. | herpesvirus saimiri (hvs) is a gamma herpesvirus with several properties that make it an amenable gene therapy vector; namely its large packaging capacity, its ability to persist as a nonintegrated episome, and its ability to infect numerous human cell types. we used reca-mediated recombination to develop an hvs vector with a mutated virion protein. the heparan sulphate-binding region of hvs orf51 was substituted for a peptide sequence which interacts with somatostatin receptors (sstrs), overexp ... | 2010 | 21197456 |
| surveillance of equine respiratory viruses in ontario. | the objective of this project was to develop and implement an active surveillance program for the early and rapid detection of equine influenza viruses in ontario. for this purpose, from october 2003 to october 2005, nasopharyngeal swabs and acute and convalescent serum samples were collected from 115 client-owned horses in 23 outbreaks of respiratory disease in ontario. sera were paired and tested for antibody to equine influenza 1 (ae1-h7n7), equine influenza 2 (ae2-h3n8), equine herpesvirus 1 ... | 2010 | 21197227 |
| [association between herpetic burden and chronic ischemic heart disease: matched case-control study.] | background and objectives: previous studies showed a plausible association between herpetic burden and ischemic heart disease. our aim is to test this hypothesis in an spanish seroepidemiological context. patients and methods: sex and age matched case-control study (1:1) including patients with chronic ischemic heart disease and healthy controls. herpetic burden was defined as the aggregate number of antibody seropositivities (igg) for epstein barr virus, cytomegalovirus, varicella zoster virus, ... | 2010 | 21196018 |
| evaluation of orally administered famciclovir in cats experimentally infected with feline herpesvirus type-1. | to evaluate orally administered famciclovir for treatment of cats with experimentally induced disease attributable to feline herpesvirus type-1 (fhv-1). | 2011 | 21194340 |
| expression of the hsv-1 capsid protein vp19c in escherichia coli: a single amino acid change overcomes an expression block of the full-length polypeptide. | the herpesvirus triplex is a key structural feature of the capsids of these viruses. it is composed of a hetero-trimer of one molecule of vp19c and two molecules of vp23. it acts to stabilize capsid shells by connecting the capsomeric subunits together. although it has been possible to over-express in escherichia coli and purify one component of the triplex, vp23; this has not been the case with vp19c. because an n-terminal polypeptide of vp19c could be expressed and purified using a gst affinit ... | 2010 | 21193049 |
| initiation of epstein-barr virus lytic replication requires transcription and the formation of a stable rna-dna hybrid molecule at orilyt. | the genetic elements of herpesvirus origins of lytic replication have been characterized in detail; however, much remains to be elucidated concerning their functional role in replication initiation. in the case of the epstein-barr virus (ebv), we have found that in addition to the two well-defined critical elements required for lytic replication (the upstream and downstream essential elements, uee and dee), the origin of lytic replication (orilyt) also requires the presence of a gc-rich rna in c ... | 2010 | 21191028 |
| a protein (orf2) encoded by the latency-related gene of bovine herpesvirus 1 interacts with notch1 and notch3. | like other alphaherpesvirinae subfamily members, bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) establishes latency in sensory neurons. the latency-related rna (lr-rna) is abundantly expressed in latently infected sensory neurons. an lr mutant virus with stop codons at the amino terminus of the first open reading frame (orf) in the lr gene (orf2) does not reactivate from latency, in part because it induces higher levels of apoptosis in infected neurons. orf2 is not the only viral product expressed during latency, ... | 2010 | 21191019 |
| viral epidemics in a cell culture: novel high resolution data and their interpretation by a percolation theory based model. | because of its relevance to everyday life, the spreading of viral infections has been of central interest in a variety of scientific communities involved in fighting, preventing and theoretically interpreting epidemic processes. recent large scale observations have resulted in major discoveries concerning the overall features of the spreading process in systems with highly mobile susceptible units, but virtually no data are available about observations of infection spreading for a very large num ... | 2010 | 21187920 |
| herpesvirus-associated lymphomas: investigations in humans and animal models. | lymphomas are solid tumors consisting of lymphoid cells; they form a heterogeneous group of less or more malignant disorders. a portion of lymphomas develop due to latent herpesvirus infections established in b and/or t-lymphocytes. the basis for latency is a lifelong presence of the circularized covalently linked viral genome within nuclei of carrier lymphocytes. in certain cases, however, the essential event leading to tumor formation is the integration of a portion(s) of viral dna into the ho ... | 2010 | 21183422 |
| antiviral drug resistance and helicase-primase inhibitors of herpes simplex virus. | a new class of chemical inhibitors has been discovered that interferes with the process of herpesvirus dna replication. to date, the majority of useful herpesvirus antivirals are nucleoside analogues that block herpesvirus dna replication by targeting the dna polymerase. the new helicase-primase inhibitors (hpi) target a different enzyme complex that is also essential for herpesvirus dna replication. this review will place the hpi in the context of previous work on the nucleoside analogues. seve ... | 2010 | 21183396 |
| a novel real-time pcr system for simultaneous detection of human viruses in clinical samples from patients with uncertain diagnoses. | a novel simultaneous detection system for human viruses was developed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) system to identify causes of infection in clinical samples from patients with uncertain diagnoses. this system, designated as the "multivirus real-time pcr," has the potential to detect 163 human viruses (47 dna viruses and 116 rna viruses) in a 96-well plate simultaneously. the specificity and sensitivity of each probe-primer set were confirmed with cells or tissues infected w ... | 2011 | 21181930 |
| seroprevalence and serum profile of cytomegalovirus infection among patients with hematologic disorders in bahia state, brazil. | human cytomegalovirus (cmv) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus with from 30% to 100% of the general population exhibiting prior exposure by serology. this cross-sectional study evaluated the serological profile of anti-cmv antibodies and two acute-phase reaction proteins in haematologic disorder patients (hdps) from bahia state, brazil. immuno-chemiluminescence assays were performed to detect anti-cmv igm and igg antibodies. serological levels of high sensitivity c-reactive protein (crph) and alpha-1-a ... | 2011 | 21181926 |
| pcr detection of multiple human herpesvirus dna in saliva from hiv-infected individuals in teresina, state of piauí, brazil. | human herpesviruses are frequently associated with orofacial diseases in humans (hsv-1, ebv, cmv and hhv-8), some can also cause systemic disease (cmv and hhv-8). the transmission of these viruses occurs by contact with infected secretions, especially saliva. human immunodeficiency virus infection is associated with an increased risk of hhvs and related diseases. | 2010 | 21181010 |
| characterization of suid herpesvirus 1 field isolates from argentina. | the genomic characterization of suid herpesvirus 1 (shv-1) isolates from argentina was accomplished by restriction pattern analysis using the bamhi, bsteii and xhoi enzymes. type ii genome has been described only once in argentina. this study revealed considerable homogeneity of bamhi endonuclease sites in all the strains analyzed, according to the number and size of the fragments. no deletion of bamhi fragment #7 among the argentinean isolates suggests that these strains are wild-type. in addit ... | 2010 | 21180389 |
| integrins as triggers of epstein-barr virus fusion and epithelial cell infection. | epstein-barr virus is a ubiquitous orally-transmitted human herpesvirus that is carried by most of the adult population. it establishes latent infections in b lymphocytes, reactivates periodically from latency and can be amplified in epithelial cells where it is thought more commonly to undergo lytic replication. entry into either cell involves fusion of the virus envelope with a cell membrane. fusion with a b cell requires four envelope glycoproteins, gb and a ternary complex of ghglgp42. fusio ... | 2010 | 21178476 |
| properties of an equine herpesvirus 1 mutant devoid of the internal inverted repeat sequence of the genomic short region. | the 150 kbp genome of equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1) is composed of a unique long (ul) region and a unique short (us) segment, which is flanked by identical internal and terminal repeat (ir and tr) sequences of 12.7 kbp. we constructed an ehv-1 lacking the entire ir (vl11δir) and showed that the ir is dispensable for ehv-1 replication but that the vl11δir exhibits a smaller plaque size and delayed growth kinetics. western blot analyses of cells infected with vl11δir showed that the synthesis of vi ... | 2010 | 21176938 |
| kaposi's sarcoma and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells infected with kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus express ccl21. | 2010 | 21176872 | |
| establishment of cell lines latently infected with non-oncogenic murine gammaherpesvirus 76. | murine gammaherpesviruses 68 (mhv-68) and 78 (mhv-78), both inducing tumors in mice and a latent infection in cells in vitro, serve as models for study of human oncogenic gammaherpesviruses, namely epstein-barr virus (ebv) and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv). in this work, we succeeded in establishing a latent infection of hela and cgl1 cell lines with non-oncogenic murine gammaherpesvirus 76 (mhv-76), which differs from mhv-68 and mhv-78 besides by oncogenicity also by deletion o ... | 2010 | 21175252 |
| possible role of ebv in breast cancer and other unusually ebv-associated cancers. | epstein-barr virus (ebv) a ubiquitous gamma herpesvirus persists for life, generally without health consequences. however, it is associated with several well-recognized malignancies, such as burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. a growing list of malignancies has been proposed to be ebv-associated: most of which are consistently ebv-positive whereas others show inconsistent results. the possible contribution of ebv to the development and/or progression of different "non-classical" tum ... | 2010 | 21172728 |
| regulation of herpesvirus lifecycle by viral micrornas. | human herpesviruses have latency and lytic replication phases in their lifecycle. proper regulation of herpesviral lifecycle is essential for the evasion of host immune surveillance and development of their related diseases. recent advancements indicate a role of a novel class of viral non-coding rnas, microrna (mirna), in the fine-tuning of herpesviral lifecycle. so far, herpesviral mirnas appear to promote viral latency by inhibiting viral lytic replication either through direct targeting of k ... | 2010 | 21170300 |
| tspyl5 suppresses p53 levels and function by physical interaction with usp7. | we have previously reported a gene expression signature that is a powerful predictor of poor clinical outcome in breast cancer. among the seventy genes in this expression profile is a gene of unknown function: tspyl5 (tspy-like 5, also known as kiaa1750). tspyl5 is located within a small region at chromosome 8q22 that is frequently amplified in breast cancer, which suggests that tspyl5 has a causal role in breast oncogenesis. here, we report that high tspyl5 expression is an independent marker o ... | 2010 | 21170034 |
| fatal epizootic equine herpesvirus 1 infections in new and unnatural hosts. | in a zoological collection, four black bears (ursus americanus) died from neurological disease within six months. independently in a geographically different zoo, two thomson's gazelles (eudorcas thomsoni) and 18 guinea pigs (cavia porcellus f. dom.) suffered from neurological disorders. in addition, guinea pigs showed abortions and stillbirths. all affected animals displayed a non suppurative meningoencephalitis with intranuclear inclusion bodies. immunohistology demonstrated equine herpes viru ... | 2010 | 21167662 |
| gpi-anchored protein-deficient t cells in patients with aplastic anemia and low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome: implications for the immunopathophysiology of bone marrow failure. | glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein-deficient (gpi-ap(-) ) t cells can be detected in some patients with bone marrow failure (bmf), but the link between these cells and bmf pathophysiology remains to be elucidated. to clarify the significance of gpi-ap(-) t cells in bmf, peripheral blood from 562 patients was examined for the presence of cd48(-) cd59(-) cd3(+) cells using high-resolution flow cytometry (fcm), and the gpi-ap(-) t cells were characterized with regard to their phenotype a ... | 2011 | 21166881 |