Publications

detection of rickettsia typhi and seasonal prevalence of fleas collected from small mammals in the republic of korea.	fleas were collected from live-captured small mammals to identify potential flea-borne pathogens, seasonal prevalence of flea species, and host preference as part of the us military rodent-borne diseases surveillance program conducted at one us military installation and 10 military training sites, northern gyeonggi province, republic of korea. during 2003-04, 948 fleas (563 females and 385 males) were recovered from 2,742 small mammals (seven rodent and one insectivore species). apodemus agrariu ...	2010	20090029
[taenia martis (cestoda, taeniidae) from vertebrates in the republic of belarus].	infestation of vertebrate animals with the cestode taenia martis and its larvae was investigated in south-west belarus during 2001-2008. obligatory definitive host (common marten) and intermediate hosts (red-backed vole, yellow-necked mouse, striped field mouse, and red squirrel) of this helminth were established for the republic of belarus. description and figure of the t. martis larva is given.	2010	21309149
occurrence of demodex spp. (acari, demodecidae) in the striped field mouse apodemus agrarius (rodentia, muridae) in poland.	the hair follicle mites (acari, demodecidae) are obligatory and specific parasites of mammals, important in human and veterinary medicine. the family is represented by more than 100 species worldwide and 30 in poland, therein 11 species (and 3 subspecies) were discovered from 10 species of native rodents. fifty two striped field mice apodemus agrarius from eastern pomerania (poland) were examined in 2006-2007; the presence of mites was confirmed by the standard method of digesting skin fragments ...	2010	20450009
[study on the status of infection and distribution of rabies virus in china.]	objective: to investigate the status of infection and distribution of rabies virus (rv) in different epidemic areas in china. methods: brain specimens from animals and suspected patients were collected at the districts of high-, medium- and low incidence rates of human rabies and detected by both direct immunofluorescence assay (dfa) and rt-pcr. results: 254 of 3007 specimens of dog brains showed rv positive by dfa (positive rate of 8.4%). among these 254 samples, 78 showed positive (positive ra ...	2010	21163029
[epidemiology and surveillance programs on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in mainland china, 2005 - 2008.]	objective: to analyze the epidemiologic and surveillance data of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in china, from 2005 to 2008, to describe the epidemiology and trend of hfrs. methods: descriptive epidemiology were studied to analyze the surveillance data from 2005 to 2008, collected from both the internet-based national notifiable disease reporting system and 40 hfrs sentinel sites developed since 2005 in 40 counties around china. results: a total of 56 077 hfrs cases and 692 deaths ...	2010	21163102
detection of bartonella species in small mammals from zhejiang province, china.	to estimate the prevalence of bartonella in small mammals of different species, during different seasons, and at different study sites, and to provide baseline data for the risk assessment of human bartonella infection, we captured small mammals using snap traps in zhejiang province, china. bartonella species were detected in small-mammal samples by polymerase chain reaction and positive amplicons were sequenced. bartonella dna was detected in 47% (90/192) of apodemus agrarius, 31% (14/45) of ra ...	2010	20090031
serological surveillance of scrub typhus, murine typhus, and leptospirosis in small mammals captured at twin bridges training area, gyeonggi province, republic of korea, 2005-2007.	soldiers from the republic of korea and the united states conduct armistice military operations at twin bridges training area (tbta) located near the demilitarized zone (dmz) and are exposed to zoonotic disease pathogens that small mammals and their potentially disease-carrying ectoparasites transmit. tbta is a 36 km2 rural training site with small villages and various forms of agriculture along its boundary. at tbta, rodents, insectivores, and their ectoparasites are commonly found in associati ...	2010	20108842
prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in rodents from gansu, northwestern china.	lyme disease is a multi-organ infection disease caused by borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. lyme disease was first documented in north-east china in 1986. since then more than 20 provinces in china were confirmed the existence of nature foci of lyme disease. in the present study, a molecular epidemiological survey was conducted to investigate the presence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in rodents from gansu province for the first time.	2010	20509909
hantavirus infections in humans and animals, china.	hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is a serious public health problem in the people's republic of china. although 7 sero/genotypes of hantaviruses have been found in rodents, only hantaan virus (carried by apodemus agrarius mice) and seoul virus (carried by rattus norvegicus rats) reportedly cause disease in humans. during 1950-2007, a total of 1,557,622 cases of hfrs in humans and 46,427 deaths (3%) were reported in china. hfrs has been reported in 29 of 31 provinces in china. after i ...	2010	20678311
investigation of the ecology of francisella tularensis during an inter-epizootic period.	abstract a 1-year study of the ecological cycle of francisella tularensis was performed in an enzootic area during an inter-epizootic period. the study was based on multiple sampling of all major constituents of the disease cycle. seroprevalence of tularemia in the european brown hare (lepus europaeus) population was 5.1% (10/197) with low antibody titers (1/10 and 1/20), and f. tularensis ssp. holarctica was isolated from four hares. f. tularensis was not detected in the 38 common voles (microt ...	2010	21142970
trypanosoma (herpetosoma) grosi: first isolation from chinese striped field mouse (apodemus agrarius).	a "lewisi-like" trypanosoma parasite was isolated from the blood of chinese striped field mice (apodemus agrarius) trapped in the fields in the gannan tibet area, gansu province, china. the parasite was successfully cultivated in vitro in hl-1 medium supplemented 20% fetal bovine serum (fbs). full formed spheromastigote, metacyclic trypomastigote and trypomastigote structures were all visible in films made from the culture. a nucleotide fragment of 2159-bp length was amplified from genomic dna o ...	2010	21059401
variation within and among host species in engorgement of larval trombiculid mites.	we recovered larval trombiculid mites (i.e. chiggers), vectors of scrub typhus, from small mammal hosts in taiwan, and compared the relative degree of engorgement (rde) of the dominant chigger (leptotrombidium imphalum) from different hosts. naturally occurring chiggers recovered from rattus losea and bandicota indica were 1·4x and 1·3x as engorged as those from apodemus agrarius. within each host species, rde was negatively related to chigger loads, but was mostly unrelated to gender or to body ...	2010	20946695
serological surveillance of scrub typhus, murine typhus, and leptospirosis in small mammals captured at firing points 10 and 60, gyeonggi province, republic of korea, 2001-2005.	soldiers from the republic of korea and the united states conducting peacetime military operations at various training sites and multiple range complexes located near the demilitarized zone separating north and south korea are exposed to rodents and their potentially disease-carrying ectoparasites. these diseases include scrub typhus, murine typhus, and leptospirosis. many of the training sites are rural or semi-rural, surrounded or co-located with various forms of agriculture, and are infested ...	2010	19402761
[seasonal variations of wild apricot seed dispersal and hoarding by rodents in rehabilitated land].	rodents feed with and disperse plant seeds, which may thereby affect the seed spatiotemporal distribution, germination, and seedling establishment, and eventually play an important role in the restoration of deforested area. taking the state-owned yugong forest farm in jiyuan of henan, china as study site, the tagged seeds of wild apricot (prunus armeniaca) were artificially released in rehabilitated land in the spring, summer, and autumn 2008, aimed to investigate their dispersal and hoarding b ...	2010	20707107
Genetic analysis of hantaviruses and their rodent hosts in central-south China.	Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Seoul virus (SEOV) are two major zoonotic pathogens of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Asia. Hubei province, which is located in the central-south China, had been one of the most severe epidemic areas of HFRS. To investigate phylogenetic relationships, genetic diversity and geographic distribution of HTNV and SEOV in their reservoir hosts, a total of 687 rodents were trapped in this area between 2000 and 2009. Sequences of partial S- and M-segments of han ...	2011	22108583
rodents as sentinels for the prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus.	abstract introduction: tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) causes one of the most important flavivirus infections of the central nervous system, affecting humans in europe and asia. it is mainly transmitted by the bite of an infected tick and circulates among them and their vertebrate hosts. until now, tbe risk analysis in germany has been based on the incidence of human cases. because of an increasing vaccination rate, this approach might be misleading, especially in regions of low virus circu ...	2011	21548766
molecular identification of mesocestoides spp. from intermediate hosts (rodents) in central europe (poland).	genus mesocestoides is a representative of the small cyclophyllidean family mesocestoididae that is found parasitizing the small intestine of carnivores. the life cycle of cestodes from this genus is complex and requires two intermediate hosts. cysticercoids are produced in the first intermediate host (oribatid mites), which when eaten by the second intermediate host (mainly rodents, but also other mammalian species, birds, reptiles, or amphibians) form tetrathyridia in the body cavity. because ...	2011	21847599
prevalence of hantavirus infection in wild rodents from five provinces in korea, 2007.	hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is an infectious disease caused by hantaviruses of the family bunyaviridae. among them, hantaan virus (htnv) is most widely distributed in korea. the striped field mouse, apodemus agrarius, is the natural host of htnv in rural korea. we trapped 766 small mammals of three species (1 eothenomys regulus, 13 crocidura suaveolens, and 752 apodemus agrarius) in five provinces in korea from january to december 2007. we tested 542 rodent sera for htnv antibod ...	2011	21441196
identification of potential hosts and vectors of scrub typhus and tick-borne spotted fever group rickettsiae in eastern taiwan.	scrub typhus and tick-borne spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsioses are transmitted by chiggers (larval trombiculid mites) and hard ticks, respectively. we assessed exposure to these disease vectors by extensively sampling both chiggers and ticks and their small mammal hosts in eastern taiwan during 2007 and 2008. the striped field mouse apodemus agrarius pallas (rodentia: muridae) was the most common of the small mammals (36.1% of 1393 captures) and presented the highest rate of infestation wit ...	2011	21223345
[study on the integrated monitoring program regarding mouse and main mouse-borne disease in zhejiang province.]	objective: to study the integrated monitoring program regarding mouse and plague, hemorrhagic fever of renal syndrome (hfrs) and leptospirosis. methods: integrated monitoring plan was used. a designated office coordinated 5 departments' actions within the zhejiang provincial center for disease control and prevention (cdc). cage-trapping method was conducted to monitor the density of mice from june to october, respectively. results: lishui municipal cdc had finished the integrated monitoring prog ...	2011	21569735
detection of rickettsia felis and rickettsia typhi and seasonal prevalence of fleas collected from small mammals at gyeonggi province in the republic of korea.	abstract fleas were collected from live-captured small mammals to identify flea-borne pathogens, host associations, and seasonal prevalence of flea species, as part of the 65th medical brigade rodent-borne disease surveillance program at 20 military installations and training sites, gyeonggi province, republic of korea, 2005-2007. a total of 1251 fleas were recovered from 2833 small mammals. apodemus agrarius, the striped field mouse, accounted for 93.1% (2,637/2,833) of all small mammals captur ...	2011	21612536
[investigation on the natural infectious status of hantaviruses among small mammals in longquan city, zhejiang province].	to investigate the situation of the natural infection of hantaviruses (hv) in small mammals and to provide evidence for the control and prevention of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in longquan area, zhejiang province.	2011	21781480
[functional motor asymmetry in three species of mouse rodents from natural populations].	motor asymmetry of paws was studied in three species of mouse rodents (apodemus agrarius, clethrionomys glareolus, clethrionomys rutilus) from natural populations. the prevalence of right-hand asymmetry was revealed in both males and females of all studied species. the spatial and temporal variability of asymmetry structures was shown. the increased number of left-handed rodents was observed in unfavorable habitats. a possible adaptive role of the functional motor asymmetry exemplified by small ...	2011	21675226
Mitochondrial genome sequences of the striped field mice Apodemus agrarius coreae and Apodemus agrarius chejuensis.	We determined the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequences of the striped field mice Apodemus agrarius coreae and Apodemus agrarius chejuensis. The mt genomes of A. a. coreae and A. a. chejuensis are 16,260 and 16,261 base pairs in length, respectively. The general features of the 13 protein-coding genes of the two species are similar to those of other rodents. The TAG termination codon for NADH dehydrogenase subunit (ND) 3 is unique to Apodemus in the Muroidea. The L-strand replication orig ...	2011	22165829
patterns of tick-borne encephalitis virus infection in rodents in slovenia.	abstract tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) is the most important causative agent of arboviral infection in europe, causing neurologic symptoms. the incidence of the disease has greatly increased over the past decades, and in the meantime, some changes in spatial distribution of tbe cases have been observed. therefore, it is important to recognize the distribution of endemic areas, to use preventive measures successfully. in this study, rodents from all over slovenia were evaluated as suitab ...	2011	22022821
leptospirosis prevalence in chinese populations in the last two decades.	leptospirosis is a common zoonotic disease in china. from 1991 to 2010, its average annual incidence was 0.70 cases per 100,000 population. during these two decades, three major outbreaks of leptospirosis occurred due to flooding and heavy rainfall. leptospira interrogans serogroup icterohaemorrhagiae serovar lai is the predominant leptospire responsible for at least 60% of chinese cases, and apodemus agrarius serves as the major animal host. based on the differences in predominant leptospiral s ...	2011	22155621
genetic evidence for the presence of two distinct hantaviruses associated with apodemus mice in croatia and analysis of local strains.	in europe, dobrava-belgrade (dobv), saaremaa (saav), and puumala (puuv) viruses are known to cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). all three hantaviruses are now found in croatia. lung tissue samples of 315 apodemus mice trapped in 2003-2004 were screened for the presence of hantaviral n-ag and 20 mice (6.3%) were found either strongly positive or weak/suspected-positive. partial sequences of hantavirus m and s segments were recovered by rt-pcr from six mice and subjected to (phylo ...	2011	21108346
behavioral and physiological responses of striped field mice (apodemus agrarius) to predator odor.	predation risk is one of the most important selective forces in nature and has significant effects on the behavior and physiology of prey individuals. prey species have evolved several different traits to reduce and avoid this predation pressure. this research aimed to determine the behavioral and physiological responses of striped field mice to predator risk. in the present study, we compared the agonistic behavior in male and female striped field mice (apodemus agrarius pallas, 1771) of the sa ...	2011	22182325
toxoplasma gondii in foxes and rodents from the german federal states of brandenburg and saxony-anhalt: seroprevalence and genotypes.	data on the genotypes of toxoplasma gondii circulating in wildlife are scarce. in the present study, foxes and rodents from two federal states in central or eastern germany were examined for t. gondii infections. body fluids were collected at necropsy or fluids were obtained from frozen tissues of naturally exposed red foxes (vulpes vulpes), voles (microtus arvalis), shrews (neomys anomalus) and a striped field mouse (apodemus agrarius) and tested for t. gondii by serology. dna isolated from tis ...	2011	22105083
Hantaan virus surveillance targeting small mammals at Dagmar North Training Area, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea, 2001-2005.	In response to a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome case in November 2000, a seasonal rodent-borne disease surveillance program was initiated at Dagmar North Training Area (DNTA), Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea. From April 2001-December 2005, 1,848 small mammals were captured. Apodemus agrarius accounted for 92.5%, followed by Mus musculus (3.6%), Crocidura lasiura (2.1%), and Microtus fortis (1.1%). Three species of rodents were found to be antibody-positive (Ab+) for Hantaan virus (HT ...	2011	22129409
[the epidemiological, epizootological, and etiological characteristics of the 2006-2007 outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the tambov region].	the findings suggest that there are natural foci of hantavirus infection in the tambov region. there is evidence that dobrava/belgrade hantavirus (dob-aa) was a leading etiological agent in the outbreak of the disease in the winter of 2006-2007. epidemiological analysis showed that the outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) afflicted the region during november to april, by reaching its peak in january (52.2%). among the patients with hfrs, rural dwellers were 91%. people were i ...	2011	22359949
ecological surveillance of small mammals at dagmar north training area, gyeonggi province, republic of korea, 2001-2005.	a seasonal rodent-borne disease surveillance program was established at dagmar north training area located near the demilitarized zone, republic of korea, from 2001 through 2005. selected habitats surveyed included earthen banks separating rice paddies, fighting positions along a 5 m rock-faced earthen berm, and extensive tall grasses with various degrees of herbaceous and scrub vegetation associated with dirt roads, rice paddies, ditches, ponds, or the imjin river. of the nine species of small ...	2011	21635640
sperm abnormalities in high- and low-dose-rate gamma-irradiated korean dark-striped field mice, apodemus agrarius coreae.	to evaluate the in vivo effects of low-dose-rate (0.7 mgy h(-1)) gamma radiation, abnormal shapes of sperm in the caudal epidydimus of apodemus agrarius coreae (a. a. coreae) were used. the six categories of abnormal forms (amorphous heads, blunt hooks, excessive hooks, two heads and tails, folded tails and short tails) of sperm were observed eight days after gamma irradiation (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 gy) with a high dose rate (0.8 gy min(-1)) and a low dose rate. the frequency of total abnormal sperm g ...	2011	21729943
epidemiological study on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in flood areas.	to investigate the infection of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in host animals and inapparent infection of hfrs in general population in dongting lake areas after floods.	2011	21464543
detection of sarcocystic infection in a wild rodent (apodemus agrarius chejuensis) captured on jeju island.	sarcocystis spp is a causative agent of sarcocystosis. they have a characteristic life cycle infecting both prey and predator. sarcocystis can cause myositis, atrophy of the adjacent cells and abortion in cattle. in mice, sarcocystosis causes mild cellular reactions without clinical disease. severe haemorrhage and abortion were also reported. for monitoring the disease in wild rodents of the korean peninsula, we captured apodemus agrarius chejuensis on jeju island and examined the specimen histo ...	2011	22232647
infection of hantaan virus strain aa57 leading to pulmonary disease in laboratory mice.	hantaan virus (htnv) is a causative agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). the pathogenesis of hfrs has not been fully elucidated, mainly due to the lack of a suitable animal model. in laboratory mice, htnv causes encephalitis. however, that symptom is dissimilar to human hantavirus infections. we found that htnv strain aa57 (isolated from apodemus agrarius in far east russia) caused pulmonary disease in 2-week-old icr mice. the clinical signs of the infected mice were piloerecti ...	2011	22044619
hantaviruses in rodents and humans, xi'an, pr china.	xi'an, the capital of shaanxi province, located in north-west china, is one of the major endemic areas for haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). in this study, the epidemiological data of hfrs in xi'an from 1959 to 2010, especially in the past ten years (2001-2010), were surveyed. the features of hantavirus (hv) host carriers, the molecular characteristics of the hv s gene from hosts and patients, and the genome of the viral isolate were also investigated. data showed that there might b ...	2012	22837422
genetic characterization of a new subtype of hantaan virus isolated from a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) epidemic area in hubei province, china.	to characterize hantaviruses currently circulating in the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) epidemic area of hubei province, rodents were captured and serum samples were collected from several hfrs patients. the partial s segment of the hantaviruses amplified from two serum samples had a high degree of sequence identity to the corresponding hantavirus strain isolated from apodemus agrarius (designated as hv004). the complete s, m, and l segment sequences of hv004 were determined. the ...	2012	22718221
seroprevalence of hantaviruses in small wild mammals trapped in south korea from 2005 to 2010.	the seroprevalence of hantaan virus (htnv) in wild rodents in south korea was analyzed. wild rodents were trapped in 18 cities in eight provinces during 2005-2007 and on three islands and four mountains during 2008-2010. sera were collected from 629 out of 933 trapped wild animals and examined for immunoglobulin g antibodies to htnv using indirect immunofluorescence assays. apodemus agrarius (80.1%) was the most frequently captured species at almost all trapping sites. the overall prevalence of ...	2012	22548542
dobrava-belgrade virus: phylogeny, epidemiology, disease.	dobrava-belgrade virus (dobv) is an old world hantavirus that causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in humans. with a case fatality rate up to 12%, dobv infection is the most life-threatening hantavirus disease in europe. the virus was initially identified in the balkans, but the discovery of new endemic foci have expanded its recognized geographic range. the recent description of novel genetic variants with different degrees of pathogenicity have complicated its taxonomic analysis. the o ...	2012	22659378
dobrava-belgrade hantavirus from germany shows receptor usage and innate immunity induction consistent with the pathogenicity of the virus in humans.	dobrava-belgrade virus (dobv) is a european hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in humans with fatality rates of up to 12%. dobv-associated clinical cases typically occur also in the northern part of germany where the virus is carried by the striped field mouse (apodemus agrarius). however, the causative agent responsible for human illness has not been previously isolated.	2012	22545121
hantaan virus surveillance in small mammals at firing points 10 and 60, yeoncheon, gyeonggi province, republic of korea.	we used epidemiological data and indirect fluorescent antibody tests to determine the hantaan virus (htnv) antibody-positive (ab+) prevalence in small mammals captured at firing point 10 (fp-10) and firing point 60 (fp-60), gyeonggi province, near the demilitarized zone, republic of korea (rok), from 2001 to 2005. we used these data, combined with the partial m segment amplified from htnv recovered from lung tissues of apodemus agrarius, to clarify the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relation ...	2012	22607077
[genetic analysis on s segment of hantaviruses in rodent hosts from wuhan area, hubei province].	to investigate the infection and genotype of hantaviruses in rodents from wuhan area, hubei province.	2012	22967338
cross-species transmission in the speciation of the currently known murinae-associated hantaviruses.	to gain more insight into the phylogeny of dabieshan virus (dbsv), carried by niviventer confucianus and other murinae-associated hantaviruses, genome sequences of novel variants of dbsv were recovered from niviventer rats trapped in the mountainous areas of wenzhou, china. genetic analyses show that all known genetic variants of dbsv, including the ones identified in this study, are distinct from other murinae-associated hantaviruses. dbsv variants show geographic clustering and high intraspeci ...	2012	22855492
cascading effect of economic globalization on human risks of scrub typhus and tick-borne rickettsial diseases.	the increase in global travel and trade has facilitated the dissemination of disease vectors. globalization can also indirectly affect vector-borne diseases through the liberalization of cross-border trade, which has far-reaching, worldwide effects on agricultural practices and may in turn influence vectors through the modification of the ecological landscape. while the cascading effect of economic globalization on vector-borne diseases, sometimes acting synergistically with regional agricultura ...	2012	23092017
detection of rickettsia spp. and host and habitat associations of fleas (siphonaptera) in eastern taiwan.	rickettsia typhi and rickettsia felis (rickettsiales: rickettsiaceae) are two rickettsiae principally transmitted by fleas, but the detection of either pathogen has rarely been attempted in taiwan. of 2048 small mammals trapped in eastern taiwan, apodemus agrarius pallas (24.5%) and mus caroli bonhote (24.4%) (both: rodentia: muridae) were the most abundant, and m. caroli hosted the highest proportion of fleas (63.9% of 330 fleas). two flea species were identified: stivalius aporus jordan and ro ...	2012	22390200
[study on comprehensive monitoring of mouse and effect of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome vaccine in high prevalence areas of natural focus infectious disease of zhejiang province in 1994--2010].	to study the comprehensive monitoring mechanism of mouse and the effect of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) vaccine in the high prevalence areas of natural focus infectious disease of zhejiang province in 1994 - 2010.	2012	23363865
babesia spp. and anaplasma phagocytophilum in questing ticks, ticks parasitizing rodents and the parasitized rodents--analyzing the host-pathogen-vector interface in a metropolitan area.	the aims of this study were to evaluate the host-tick-pathogen interface of babesia spp. and anaplasma phagocytophilum in restored areas in both questing and host-attached ixodes ricinus and dermacentor reticulatus and their small mammalian hosts.	2012	22950642
molecular detection of novel astroviruses in wild and laboratory mice.	pooled fecal specimens collected from striped field mice (apodemus agrarius), yellow-necked mice (apodemus flavicollis), and bank voles (myodes glareolus) and individual stool samples collected from laboratory mice were tested for the presence of picornaviruses and astroviruses. picornavirus rna was detected only in one striped field mouse sample pool, while astrovirus rna was detected in two yellow-necked mouse sample pools and in six of the 121 laboratory mouse samples. in a 234-amino acid (aa ...	2012	22899339
molecular detection of murine noroviruses in laboratory and wild mice.	fecal specimens collected from 121 laboratory mice, 30 striped field mice (apodemus agrarius), 70 yellow-necked mice (apodemus flavicollis), and 3 bank voles (myodes glareolus) were tested in sample pools for the presence of murine noroviruses (mnv). ten of 41 laboratory mice and 2 of 3 striped field mice pooled samples were positive for mnv. all laboratory mouse mnvs were closely related to previously described mnvs. the complete orf2 (vp1) of both striped field mouse mnvs identified in this st ...	2012	22748629
cyclic voles and shrews and non-cyclic mice in a marginal grassland within european temperate forest.	cyclic population dynamics of small mammals are not restricted to the boreal and arctic zones of eurasia and north america, but long-term data series from lower latitudes are still less common. we demonstrated here the presence of periodic oscillations in small mammal populations in eastern poland using 22-year (1986-2007) trapping data from marginal meadow and river valley grasslands located in the extensive temperate woodland of białowieża primeval forest. the two most common species inhabitin ...	2012	22707756
adiaspiromycosis of an apodemus agrarius captured wild rodent in korea.	adiaspiromycosis is caused by pulmonary infection with emmonsia. inhalated spores of emmonsia cause asymptomatic infection to necrogranulomatous pneumonia, depending on the burden of adiaspore and host immunity. for disease monitoring of wild rodents captured on jeju island in korea, we examined the lung tissue of wild rodents histopathologically. spores composed of thick three-layered walls were found following histopathological examination and were diagnosed as adiaspiromycosis. adiaspiromycos ...	2012	22474477
[the current epidemic situation and surveillance regarding hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in china, 2010].	to analyze the surveillance data on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) including the epidemiological characteristics and trend of the disease, in 2010.	2012	22968017
the complete mitochondrial genome of the striped field mouse, apodemus agrarius (rodentia, murinae) from korea.	the striped field mouse, apodemus agrarius, is the most common rodents in temperate forests of the korean peninsula. we have determined the complete mitochondrial genome (jn629047) of a. agrarius from korea. apodemus agrarius mitogenome is 16,263 bp in length and has a base composition of 33.9% a, 29.9% t, 23.6% c, and 12.5% g. the total length of the 13 protein-coding genes is 11,398 bp long.	2012	22409759
monthly occurrence of vectors and reservoir rodents of scrub typhus in an endemic area of jeollanam-do, korea.	monthly surveys were conducted to investigate the occurrence of chigger mites and seroprevalence of scrub typhus among small mammals in jeollanam-do, the southwestern part of korea, from november 2006 through october 2007. fifty-eight small mammals, including 57 apodemus agrarius (98.3%) and 1 crocidura lasiura (1.7%), were captured, and a total of 4,675 chigger mites representing 4 genera and 8 species were collected from them. the chigger infestation rate among small mammals was 69.0%. the mos ...	2012	23230330
migration route estimation of the jeju striped field mouse apodemus agrarius chejuensis (rodentia, muridae).	the taxonomic relationship between two korean field mice species, apodemus agrarius coreae and a. a. chejuensis, as well as their possible historic migration routes, was examined by molecular genetic analysis of the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of 73 mice collected from the korean peninsula and jeju island. our findings suggest that a. a. coreae and a. a. chejuensis populations expanded and dispersed rapidly. bayesian and network analysis showed that a. a. chejuensis is a clearly dis ...	2013	23025457
[comparative morpho-functional characteristics of the organs of the reproductive system of small mammals under conditions of anthropogenic transformation of southern ural steppe ecosystems].	the morpho-functional characteristics of reproductive organs of small mammals--striped field mouse (apodemus agrarius pallas, 1771), house mouse (mus musculus linnaeus, 1758), wood mouse (sylvaemus uralensis pallas, 1811), common vole (microtus arvalis pallas, 1778), bank vole (clethrionomys glareolus schreber, 1780), steppe lemming (lagurus lagurus pallas, 1773), little suslik (spermophilus pygmaeus pallas, 1778), and red-heeked suslik (spermophilus major pallas, 1779)--belonging to the populat ...	2013	24592716
source tracking of human leptospirosis: serotyping and genotyping of leptospira isolated from rodents in the epidemic area of guizhou province, china.	sustained human leptospirosis as well as death cases has been reported in qiandongnan prefecture, southeast of guizhou, china, recently, but these human patients were only clinically diagnosed, and leptospires have never been isolated from patients in these epidemic regions, in order to track the source of infection and understand the etiologic characteristic of leptospirosis, we performed rodent carrier surveillance for leptospirosis in the epidemic area in 2011. the population distribution of ...	2013	23548108
a small-scale survey of hantavirus in mammals from eastern poland.	samples of 30 dead small mammals each were collected on area 'a' located in eastern poland which is exposed to flooding by the vistula river, and on the area 'b', also located in eastern poland but not exposed to flooding. kidneys and livers of the mammals were examined by the pcr and nested pcr methods for the presence of hantavirus rna. out of 7 species of small mammals examined, the presence of hantaviruses was detected in 4 of them. hantavirus prevalence was low in apodemus agrarius (2.6%), ...	2013	23772576
pcr characterization suggests that an unusual range of bartonella species infect the striped field mouse (apodemus agrarius) in central europe.	blood samples from apodemus agrarius from poland yielded pcr amplicons of bartonella species. these included b. grahamii, b. taylorii, and b. birtlesii, as is typical of european apodemus, as well as b. elizabethae-like forms and a recombinant strain of b. taylorii, most closely related to an american isolate from tamiasciurus hudsonicus.	2013	23747696
seminiferous epithelium cycle and developmental stages of spermatids in the clethrionomys rufocanus.	the seminiferous epithelium cycle and developmental stages of spermatids in clethrionomys rufocanus were observed under a light microscope. the seminiferous epithelium cycle was divided into 8 stages. type ad spermatogonia appeared through all stages. type ap, in, and b spermatogonia appeared in stages i, ii, iii, and iv. in the first meiosis prophase, the leptotene spermatocytes appeared from stage v, the zygotene spermatocytes in stages i, vi, vii, viii, the pachytene spermatocytes from stages ...	2013	25949125
first report for the seasonal and annual prevalence of flea-borne bartonella from rodents and soricomorphs in the republic of korea.	rodents and soricomorphs are animal hosts of fleas and associated zoonotic microbial pathogens. a total of 4,889 small mammals were collected from gyeonggi and gangwon provinces, republic of korea, from 2008 through 2010, including: apodemus agrarius (4,122, 84.3%), followed by crocidura lasiura (282, 5.8%), microtus fortis (257, 5.3%), myodes regulus (77, 1.6%), micromys minutus (71, 1.5%), mus musculus (63, 1.3%), and 4 other species (17, 0.3%). a total of 1,099 fleas belonging to 10 species a ...	2013	23590324
quantity judgments in the context of risk/reward decision making in striped field mice: first "count," then hunt.	we simulated the situation of risky hunting in the striped field mouse apodemus agrarius in order to examine whether these animals are able to make a choice between small and large quantities of live prey (ants). in the first (preliminary) experiment we investigated to what extent mice were interested in ants as a live prey and how their hunting activity depended on the quantity of these edible but rather aggressive insects. we placed mice one by one into arenas together with ant groups of diffe ...	2013	23407476
molecular typing of leptospira spp. strains isolated from field mice confirms a link to human leptospirosis.	in recent years, human leptospirosis has been reported in jinping and liping counties, guizhou province, but the leptospires have never been isolated. to track the source of infection and understand the aetiological characteristics, we performed surveillance for field mice carriage of leptospirosis in 2011. four strains of leptospire were isolated from apodemus agrarius. pcr confirmed the four isolates as pathogenic. multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (mlva) showed that the fo ...	2013	23406882
small mammals: paratenic hosts for species of toxocara in eastern slovakia.	toxocara spp., an aetiological agent of a serious helminthozoonosis, is a common roundworm of domestic and wild carnivores worldwide. the study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of toxocara in small mammals from different localities in eastern slovakia. anti-toxocara antibodies were detected in 6.4% out of 2140 examined animals trapped in eastern slovakia. due to their high density and observed high seroprevalence of toxocariasis, apodemus agrarius, a. flavicollis, myodes glareolus and mus sp ...	2013	22284742
intermediate and paratenic hosts in the life cycle of aelurostrongylus abstrusus in natural environment.	the cat lungworm aelurostrongylus abstrusus affects the domestic cats and other felids all over the world. feline aelurostrongylosis is of importance in clinical feline medicine. snails and slugs are the intermediate hosts, but the cat is probably infected by eating paratenic hosts, e.g., rodents, birds, amphibians and reptiles. herein we present the first finding of a. abstrusus in a naturally infected invasive synantropic slugs arion lusitanicus (intermediate host) and wild living rodents apod ...	2013	24094777
[the analysis of hantavirus s gene in apodemus agrarius in changbai area].	to gain more insights into epidemiologic characteristics and genotype of hantavirus in apodemus agrarius in changbai area. complete hantavirus s segment sequences were amplified by rt-pcr and sequenced. the phylogenetic trees were constructed for analysis of genetic characters of hantavirus. a total of 58 apodemus agrarius were trapped in the epidemic areas, and complete hantavirus s segment sequences were obtained from 4 lung samples of these rodents (6. 90%0). phylogenetic analysis of the four ...	2013	23895001
[actual problems of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].	from 2000 to 2011 85 600 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) were registered in russian federation. epidemically active foci of hfrs infection are located generally in temperate latitudes of the european part and the far east. in the far east regions whose fraction of all the hfrs disease cases in russia is around 2%, the causative agents of the infection are hantaan, amur, seoul hantaviruses, the natural reservoir for those are striped field mouse, korean field mouse and brown ...	2013	23805652
intestinal parasites among wild rodents in northern gangwon-do, korea.	to determine geographical patterns of natural parasite infections among wild rodents, a total of 46 wild rodents from 3 different localities in northern gangwon-do (province), korea were examined for intestinal parasite infections. along with nematodes such as hookworms and syphacia spp., plagiorchis muris (2 specimens) (trematoda) were collected from striped field mice, apodemus agrarius. in a korean wood mouse, apodemus peninsulae, the overall nematode infections were similar to a. agrarius, b ...	2013	24327791
an efficient method for isolation of hantaan virus through serial passages in suckling mice.	hantaan virus (htnv) is one of the main etiologic agents for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in china. however, it is very difficult to isolate the virus from its original host, which hampers the viral characterization. this study describes an efficient method for isolating htnv in suckling mice.	2013	23306793
leptospirosis in the republic of korea: historical perspectives, current status and future challenges.	leptospirosis is an important public health problem in the republic of korea (rok), occurring sporadically or in outbreaks during the autumn season. wild rodents, apodemus agrarius, have been mainly involved in human leptospirosis. the majority of carrier animals are infected with leptospira interrogans serovar lai. the characteristic pulmonary involvement or hemorrhage may increase the clinical severity or result in fatal outcomes, and these aspects continue to be a threat to people in endemic ...	2013	24265962
[the infection status of leptospira in rodents on the heixiazi island of heilongjiang province, china,in 2011].	to study the infection status of leptospira in rodents on heixiazi island heilongjiang province in 2011.	2013	24113098
ecology and geography of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in changsha, china.	hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is an important public health problem in mainland china. hfrs is particularly endemic in changsha, the capital city of hunan province, with one of the highest incidences in china. the occurrence of hfrs is influenced by environmental factors. however, few studies have examined the relationship between environmental variation (such as land use changes and climate variations), rodents and hfrs occurrence. the purpose of this study is to predict the dist ...	2013	23819824
a small scale survey of leptospira in mammals from eastern poland.	samples of 30 dead small mammals each were collected on area 'a' located in eastern poland and exposed to floods by the vistula river, and on area 'b', also located in eastern poland, but not exposed to floods. kidneys and livers of the mammals were examined by the pcr and nested pcr methods for the presence of leptospira dna. from 7 species of small mammals examined, the presence of leptospira dna was detected in 2 of them. the prevalence of positive results was greatest in apodemus agrarius wh ...	2013	24364438
a new species of demodex (acari: demodecidae) with data on topical specificity and topography of demodectic mites in the striped field mouse apodemus agrarius (rodentia: muridae).	this article describes morphological characteristics and the occurrence of demodex gracilentus sp. nov., which was found in the striped field mouse apodemus agrarius (pallas, 1771) in the skin of vibrissae area. d. gracilentus occurred in 36.7% of the rodents examined. d. gracilentus is a relatively large representative of the genus (adult stages on average 292 microm in length), a slender, elongated body; characteristic feature of these mites are conical supracoxal spines on dorsal side of gnat ...	2013	24843923
sex-biased parasitism is not universal: evidence from rodent-flea associations from three biomes.	the distribution of parasites among individual hosts is characterised by high variability that is believed to be a result of variations in host traits. to find general patterns of host traits affecting parasite abundance, we studied flea infestation of nine rodent species from three different biomes (temperate zone of central europe, desert of middle east and tropics of east africa). we tested for independent and interactive effects of host sex and body mass on the number of fleas harboured by a ...	2013	23636459
[allozyme variability and the population genetic structure of the mice apodemus agrarius, mus musculus, and sylvaemus uralensis (rodenita, muridae) in western siberia].	of the three mouse species inhabiting western siberia, the striped field mouse is characterized by the highest level of genetic variation, a uniform distribution of polymorphism indicators, lower values of genetic differentiation, and higher values of gene flow, as compared to the house mouse and pygmy wood mouse. the house mouse populations have abrupt changes in the parameters of protein polymorphism in different localities. this is due to the considerable spatial dissociation of the cities of ...	2014	25731024
diversity and distribution of host animal species of hantavirus and risk to human health in jiuhua mountain area, china.	to investigate the diversity and the distribution of host animal species of hantavirus and the effect on human health in jiuhua mountain area, china.	2014	25374018
molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of tick-borne encephalitis virus in rodents captured in the transdanubian region of hungary.	abstract tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) infection is a common zoonotic disease affecting humans in europe and asia. to determine whether tbev is present in small mammalian hosts in hungary, liver samples of wild rodents were tested for tbev rna. over a period of 7 years, a total of 405 rodents were collected at five different geographic locations of the transdanubian region. tbev nucleic acid was identified in four rodent species: apodemus agrarius, a. flavicollis, microtus arvalis, and my ...	2014	25072995
small mammal community succession on the beach of dongting lake, china after the three gorges project.	although the three gorges project (tgp) may have affected the population structure and distribution of plant and animal communities, few studies have analyzed the effect of this project on small mammal communities. therefore, the present paper compares the small mammal communities inhabiting the beaches of dongting lake using field investigations spanning a 20-year period, both before and after the tgp was implemented. snap traps were used throughout the census. the results indicate that the tgp ...	2014	24148252
mixed scrub typhus genotype, shandong, china, 2011.		2014	24565414
leptospira and leptospirosis in china.	in this review, we introduce the epidemiological features, clinical types, laboratory diagnosis, and routine surveillance of leptospirosis in china.	2014	25061933
[hantaviruses in germany: threat for zoo, pet, companion and farm animals?].	hantaviruses are so-called "emerging" and "re-emerging" viruses because of the new and sudden nature of their appearance. human infections can lead to two distinct disease patterns, the haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and the hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. all known human pathogenic hantaviruses are transmitted through rodent hosts. there are three rodent-associated hantaviruses in germany. the bank vole-associated puumala virus (puuv) is responsible for most of the human hantavirus ...	2014	24511827
intestinal helminthic infections in striped field mice, apodemus agrarius, from two southern regions of korea.	the present study was performed to know the infection status of intestinal helminths in a most common species of field mice, apodemus agrarius, from 2 southern regions of korea. total 133 and 103 mice were collected by the mouse trap in hapcheon-gun, gyeongsangnam-do and gurye-gun, jeollanam-do, respectively, from july 2005 to june 2006. the small intestine of each mouse was resected and longitudinally opened with a pair of scissors. the intestinal contents were washed with 0.85% saline until th ...	2014	25246721
hantavirus disease in germany due to infection with dobrava-belgrade virus genotype kurkino.	members of the dobrava-belgrade virus (dobv) species are hantaviruses carried by different apodemus mice as reservoir hosts and causing haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in humans. in central europe, the kurkino genotype of dobv, associated with the striped field mouse, apodemus agrarius, is prevalent. this paper presents the first extensive study of the serological and molecular diagnostics, epidemiology and clinics of dobv-kurkino infections in central europe. serum samples from 57 ...	2014	24438436
co-circulation of hantaan, kenkeme, and khabarovsk hantaviruses in bolshoy ussuriysky island, china.	hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) was first recognized in far eastern asia in the 1930s, and has been highly prevalent in this region ever since. to reveal the molecular epidemiology of hantaviruses in this region, a total of 374 small mammals (eight species of rodents and one species of shrew) were captured in the chinese part of the bolshoy ussuriysky island (heilongjiang province). hantavirus sequences were recovered from three striped field mice (apodemus agrarius), 11 maximowicz' ...	2014	25087879
epidemic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in china, 2006-2012.	hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) caused by hantaviruses is a serious public health problem in china. the national notifiable disease surveillance system (nndss) was established online by china cdc in 2004 and rodent surveillance sites were adjusted to 40 sites in 22 provinces in 2005. here we analyzed the surveillance data of both human cases and rodents host during 2006-2012 to examine the epidemic trends of hfrs in recent years in china.	2014	25012160
larval chigger mites collected from small mammals in 3 provinces, korea.	a total of 9,281 larval chigger mites were collected from small mammals captured at hwaseong-gun, gyeonggi-do (province) (2,754 mites from 30 small mammals), asan city, chungcheongnam-do (3,358 mites from 48 mammals), and jangseong-gun, jeollanam-do (3,169 for 62 mammals) from april-november 2009 in the republic of korea (= korea) and were identified to species. leptotrombidium pallidum was the predominant species in hwaseong (95.8%) and asan (61.2%), while leptotrombidium scutellare was the pre ...	2014	24850971
heligmosomoides neopolygyrus asakawa & ohbayashi, 1986, a cryptic asian nematode infecting the striped field mouse apodemus agrarius in central europe.	heligmosomoides polygyrus is a widespread gastro-intestinal nematode infecting wild apodemus (wood mice) throughout europe. using molecular and morphological evidence, we review the status of heligmosomoides from apodemus agrarius in poland previously considered to be an outlying clade of h. polygyrus, to further resolve the status of the laboratory model species, h. bakeri.	2014	25303901
prevalence and molecular characterizations of toxoplasma gondii and babesia microti from small mammals captured in gyeonggi and gangwon provinces, republic of korea.	a survey was conducted to determine the distribution and prevalence of toxoplasma gondii and babesia microti infections in small mammals captured in gyeonggi and gangwon provinces, republic of korea (rok). the serological prevalence of t. gondii (elisa) and b. microti (ifat) was 2.3% (15/667) and 2.1% (14/667), respectively. dna extracts from small mammal heart tissues were screened by pcr for t. gondii and b. microti targeting regions of the gra5 gene and the 18s rrna and β-tubulin genes, respe ...	2014	25178555
[investigation of capillaria hepatica infection in rodents from wuhan section of yangtze river marshland].	to understand the prevalence of capillaria hepatica in rodents from wuhan section of the yangtze river marshland.	2014	25782258
detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum and anaplasma bovis in small wild mammals from taichung and kinmen island, taiwan.	a total of 138 animals from 7 species (apodemus agrarius, bandicota indica, crocidura suaveolens, mus caroli, mus formosanus, rattus losea, and suncus murinus) captured in taichung, located in central taiwan, and kinmen island, an island off the shore of china, were examined for the presence of anaplasma phagocytophilum. the presence of the bacteria, which causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis, was examined by nested pcr targeting the16s rdna. twelve animals (8.7%) from m. caroli and r. losea, ...	2014	24647253
surveillance of hantaviruses in poland: a study of animal reservoirs and human hantavirus disease in subcarpathia.	the first cluster of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in poland was identified in 2007 in the subcarpathian region. the natural environment of this area is a key habitat for hantavirus vectors. the animal reservoir of existing human hfrs clusters was studied to assess the occurrence of viruses (including tula virus, puumala virus, and dobrava-belgrade virus) among rodents. we examined 70 suspected human cases with symptoms corresponding to the clinical picture of hfrs. serological an ...	2014	24902039
variable effects of host characteristics on species richness of flea infracommunities in rodents from three continents.	we studied the effect of host gender and body mass on species richness of flea infracommunities in nine rodent host species from three biomes (temperate zone of central europe, desert of the middle east and the tropics of east africa). using season- and species-specific generalized linear mixed models and controlling for year-to-year variation, spatial clustering of rodent sampling and over-dispersion of the data, we found inconsistent associations between host characteristics and flea species r ...	2014	24820040
response of primary vectors and related diseases to impoundment by the three gorges dam.	to investigate the impact of the three gorges dam on the local ecological environment. we conducted a 3-year cross-sectional survey of natural focus infectious diseases in the area before and after the water level rose to 156 m to evaluate the dam's health impacts.	2014	24684420
detection and molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp. from wild rodents and insectivores in south korea.	in order to examine the prevalence of cryptosporidium infection in wild rodents and insectivores of south korea and to assess their potential role as a source of human cryptosporidiosis, a total of 199 wild rodents and insectivore specimens were collected from 10 regions of south korea and screened for cryptosporidium infection over a period of 2 years (2012-2013). a nested-pcr amplification of cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (cowp) gene fragment revealed an overall prevalence of 34.2% (68/1 ...	2015	26797442
autochthonous dobrava-belgrade virus infection in eastern germany.	a 21-year-old male patient from borna, saxony, in eastern germany, suffered from acute kidney injury (aki) and symptoms typical for a hantavirus infection. these symptoms included nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and acute renal failure. serological investigations by indirect igm and igg in-house elisas, commercial immunofluorescence and line assays, as well as chemiluminescence focus reduction neutralization assay confirmed an acute dobrava-belgrade virus (dobv) infection of the pati ...	2015	24495905
rickettsia species in fleas collected from small mammals in slovakia.	epidemiological and epizootiological studies of rickettsia felis and other rickettsia spp. are very important, because their natural cycle has not yet been established completely. in total, 315 fleas (siphonaptera) of 11 species of ceratophyllidae, hystrichopsyllidae and leptopsyllidae families were tested for the presence of rickettsia species and coxiella burnetii with conventional and specific quantitative real-time pcr assays. fleas were collected from five rodent hosts (myodes glareolus, ap ...	2015	26346455
genetic detection of dobrava-belgrade hantavirus in the edible dormouse (glis glis) in central serbia.	hantaviruses are endemic in the balkans, particularly in serbia, where sporadic cases and/or outbreaks of hantaviral human disease have been reported repeatedly, and evidenced serologically. here, we present genetic detection of dobrava-belgrade virus (dobv) hantaviral sequences in wild rodents trapped in central serbia. all the animals were pre-screened serologically by indirect immunofluorescence (if) test and only those with a positive finding of hantaviral antigens were further tested by pol ...	2015	24762257
candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis and anaplasma phagocytophilum in natural rodent and tick communities in southern hungary.	the aim of this study was to investigate the natural cycle of the new human pathogenic bacteria candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis and anaplasma phagocytophilum in southern hungary. we collected rodents with live-traps (2010-2013) and questing ticks with flagging in 2012. small mammals were euthanized, tissue samples were collected and all the ectoparasites were removed and stored in 70% alcohol. we found relatively low overall prevalence of tick infestation (8%). samples were analysed for a. ph ...	2015	25468763