Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| seasonal range selection in bighorn sheep: conflicts between forage quality, forage quantity, and predator avoidance. | the migratory and foraging behavior of individually marked bighorn ewes (ovis canadensis) was studied to test the hypothesis that forage quality determined seasonal range selection. forage quality was monitored through analysis of fecal crude protein. ewes in the study population utilized two distinct ranges differing in elevation and possibly predation risk. pregnant ewes migrated in may from the low-elevation winter range to lambing areas at higher elevation, before plant growth had started th ... | 1988 | 28312434 |
| fatal pasteurella haemolytica pneumonia in bighorn sheep after direct contact with clinically normal domestic sheep. | six rocky mountain bighorn sheep were raised in captivity from birth (n = 5) or taken from the wild as a lamb (n = 1). after the bighorn sheep were in captivity for over a year, 6 clinically normal domestic sheep were placed on the 2 ha of pasture on which the bighorn sheep were kept. nasal swab specimens were obtained from all sheep at the time the domestic sheep were introduced. pasteurella haemolytica was isolated from swab specimens obtained from 4 of 6 domestic sheep, but not from specimens ... | 1989 | 2930021 |
| susceptibility of a fetal tongue cell line derived from bighorn sheep to five serotypes of bluetongue virus and its potential for the isolation of viruses. | a cell line (bhfte) was derived from a tongue explant of a bighorn sheep fetus (ovis canadensis nelsoni). the cells have been maintained through 23 serial passages, and the modal number of chromosomes was calculated to be 55. monolayer cultures were shown to be susceptible to various viruses, including bluetongue virus (btv). of 5 btv serotypes (2, 10, 11, 13, and 17) tested, each produced a cytopathic effect (cpe) on initial passage at 33 c. a field isolate (serotype 10) of btv from a black-tai ... | 1989 | 2562198 |
| [nematodirinae (nematoda:trichostrongyloidea) of antilocapra and ovis in alberta, canada]. | in this first note, the trichostrongyloidea belonging to the nematodirinae parasites of ruminants from alberta are identified. new morphological data were given on nematodirella antilocaprae (price, 1927) parasite of antilocapra americana. nematodirus andersoni n. sp. is described from ovis canadensis. because of the deep indentation of the dorsal lobe, the species is similar to n. bioccai rossi, 1983 parasite of ovis aries in iran. however, it is different in the reduced number of cuticular rid ... | 1989 | 2624376 |
| comparison of pulmonary defense mechanisms in rocky mountain bighorn (ovis canadensis canadensis) and domestic sheep. | alveolar macrophages were obtained from rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) and domestic sheep for the purpose of comparing pulmonary host defense mechanisms in the two species. specific variables studied included (1) characterization of the cell types present in the lung, (2) alveolar macrophage phagocytic and bactericidal functions, (3) measurement of protein levels in lavage fluid, and (4) measurement of cortisol levels in lavage fluid. while phagocytic cell populations ... | 1989 | 2810551 |
| slip-shod or safely shod: the bighorn sheep as a natural model for research. | over a million injuries caused by slipping of footwear are believed to require treatment by doctors every year in the united kingdom and many domestic animals are injured by slipping. recent research has revealed that surface roughness of solings and floors is an important determinant of grip on lubricated surfaces and it is also known that soling friction is affected by hardness. the bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) an animal species which has adapted to a slippery environment, was studied to el ... | 1990 | 2250262 |
| psoroptic scabies in rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) from wyoming. | thirteen rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) with clinical signs of psoroptic scabies were captured in wyoming. signs included droopy ears, depilation on the head and neck, and exudate in the ears. mites were identified as either psoroptes cervinus or p. equi. two ewes with scabies at the time of original capture had no clinical signs of mite infection 1 and 2 yr later. | 1990 | 2250336 |
| morphometric analysis of psoroptes spp. mites from bighorn sheep, mule deer, cattle, and rabbits. | a morphometric study of psoroptes spp. mites was conducted to address difficulties encountered in species identification and to provide insights into the phylogenetic relationships between mites found on different hosts. a discriminant analysis employing 9 morphologic characters revealed that the lengths of the outer opisthosomal setae and the lateral margins of the opisthosomal knobs were the 2 most important characters for grouping mites according to host species. this analysis clearly separat ... | 1990 | 2254816 |
| isolation of pasteurella haemolytica from tonsillar biopsies of rocky mountain bighorn sheep. | isolations of pasteurella haemolytica were compared from tonsillar biopsies versus nasal passages for 29 free-ranging rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) from central idaho. overall, p. haemolytica was isolated from 11 (38%) of 29 sheep. two (18%) of the 11 positive samples were from only nasal passages compared to eight (73%) from tonsillar biopsies. pasteurella haemolytica biotype t was isolated from tonsils of nine sheep and from nasal biopsies. pasteurella haemolytica b ... | 1990 | 2338725 |
| osteoporosis and cranial asymmetry in a mountain sheep (ovis canadensis). | the skull of a mountain sheep (ovis canadensis cremnobates) exhibiting osteoporosis was recovered from san diego county, california. this specimen also exhibited lateral asymmetry of the cranium and rostrum, malocclusion of molars, and mandibular asymmetry. investigators are cautioned about potentially confusing lesions associated with chronic frontal sinusitis with lesions of osteoporosis in mountain sheep. to our knowledge this is the first report of osteoporosis in this species. | 1990 | 2388359 |
| field immobilization of bighorn sheep with xylazine hydrochloride and antagonism with idazoxan. | xylazine hydrochloride was used to immobilize 124 rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) between 1983 and 1988. doses of xylazine for free-ranging lambs ranged from 70 to 130 mg with amounts increasing with lamb age. average doses for 11 free-ranging adult males and 21 adult females darted from the ground were (means +/- se) 363 +/- 16 and 251 +/- 7 mg, respectively. adult females captured in "stevenson's " box traps (n = 7) could be immobilized with significantly (p less than ... | 1990 | 1979085 |
| serodiagnostic antibody responses to psoroptes sp. infestations in bighorn sheep. | the antibody responses of bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) infected with psoroptes sp. mites were investigated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay on western blots of p. cuniculi antigens. serum from 20 psoroptes sp.-infested bighorn sheep (o. canadensis mexicana, o. canadensis nelsoni, o. canadensis canadensis) from new mexico, nevada, california, and idaho reacted strongly with mite antigens ranging from 12 to 34 kd. serum from 35 psoroptes sp.-free bighorn sheep of unknown tick infestation st ... | 1991 | 2023305 |
| detecting nonhemolytic pasteurella haemolytica infections in healthy rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis): influences of sample site and handling. | effects of sampling procedures on ability to culture pasteurella spp. from rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) were examined experimentally. sample site influenced (p less than 0.0001) recovery of p. haemolytica in adult bighorn sheep. we isolated nonhemolytic p. haemolytica from 18 of 19 tonsillar swabs and 18 of 19 tonsillar biopsies from adult sheep, yet only four of 19 nasal swabs yielded isolates. sample handling also affected (p less than 0.0001) recovery of p. haemol ... | 1991 | 2023328 |
| development of pneumonia in desert bighorn sheep after exposure to a flock of exotic wild and domestic sheep. | from 1986 to 1989, 5 desert bighorn sheep (3 ovis canadensis mexicana and 2 o c nelsoni), ranging in age from 2 to 3 years, were exposed to a flock of exotic wild and domestic sheep to potentially achieve naturally acquired pneumonia. pasteurella multocida was isolated from nasal samples from 4 of 6 sheep randomly sampled from the flock. bighorn sheep were exposed individually and each exposure period was a trial. treatment before and after exposure varied and included combinations of alpha inte ... | 1991 | 2032914 |
| spontaneous pasteurellosis in captive rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis): clinical, laboratory, and epizootiological observations. | we observed clinical signs, compared adrenal responses, and performed diagnostic tests on 12 captive rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) during a spontaneous outbreak of pasteurellosis. cortisol in urine and feces was measured for bighorns sampled three times between 20 october and 1 november 1986. by 6 november, four of these had developed pneumonia, four showed only mild rhinitis, and four remained clinically normal. bighorns that ultimately developed pneumonia showed ele ... | 1991 | 1758018 |
| on the use of xylazine for field immobilization of bighorn sheep. | 1991 | 1758046 | |
| comparison of arachidonate metabolism by alveolar macrophages from bighorn and domestic sheep. | we have defined the metabolites of arachidonic acid (aa) secreted by alveolar macrophages (ams) of bighorn sheep and domestic sheep in response to three agents: calcium ionophore a23187, phorbol myristate acetate (pma), and opsonized zymosan. cells were labeled with [3h]aa prior to stimulation and 11 tritiated metabolites, including prostaglandins (pgs), thromboxanes (txs), leukotrienes (lts), and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (hetes), were detected and quantitated by high-performance liquid chr ... | 1991 | 1905271 |
| antigenic characterization of psoroptes spp. (acari: psoroptidae) mites from different hosts. | immunoblotting with defined antigens and antisera revealed extensive and nearly complete antigenic cross-reactivity between psoroptes spp. mites from a bighorn sheep, a mule deer, a cow, and a rabbit. antigenic differences were not detected between mites from the sympatric bighorn sheep and mule deer. however, minor antigenic differences between mites from the cow and rabbit suggested that these mites were distinct from each other, as well as from the mites from the bighorn sheep and mule deer. ... | 1991 | 1919912 |
| kinetic elisa for detection of antibodies to psoroptes sp. (acari: psoroptidae) in bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis). | a kinetic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed using antigenic extracts prepared from psoroptes cuniculi mites and sera from 37 psoroptes sp.-infested and 43 uninfested bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis). serial dilutions of these serum samples, representing 3 bighorn sheep subspecies and 9 geographic areas, gave parallel responses when plotted as log dilution versus log kinetic rate. therefore, all 80 samples were run at a single dilution (1:100) and positive/negative cutoff val ... | 1991 | 1919915 |
| squamous cell carcinoma in a free-ranging bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis californiana). | an oral squamous cell carcinoma which invaded maxillary bones with metastasis to the right retropharyngeal lymph node was diagnosed in a free-ranging california bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis californiana) from washington. much of the maxillae had been replaced with tumor and reactive tissue, and many teeth were missing or loose. the tumor was predominantly confined to the shape of the maxillary bones and was unusual because it was bilaterally symmetrical. | 1991 | 1920679 |
| using ribosomal rna gene restriction patterns in distinguishing isolates of pasteurella haemolytica from bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis). | pasteurella haemolytica isolates (n = 31) from two isolated captive herds of rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) were characterized and compared phenotypically (biotype, serotype, hemolytic activity) and by a genomic fingerprinting method known as ribotyping. seven to nine distinct phenotypes were observed. depending on the method used for serotyping, one to three phenotypes were common to both herds. eighteen isolates, recovered from both herds, were non-hemolytic, biotype ... | 1992 | 1324994 |
| culicoides boydi (diptera: ceratopogonidae): a potential vector of hemorrhagic disease viruses to desert bighorn sheep in southern california. | culicoides boydi new species is described from riverside county, ca. a taxonomic key, table of numerical characters, and female wing photographs are presented to distinguish it from the three other species of the culicoides pusillus species group of the subgenus avaritia. brief notes are presented on its biology and distribution and suspected vector potential in the transmission of bluetongue virus to desert bighorn sheep in california. | 1992 | 1334151 |
| lymphosarcoma in a desert bighorn sheep. | 1992 | 1457563 | |
| exposure to psoroptes sp. mites is common among bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) populations in california. | sera (n = 806) from 50 populations of bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) in california (usa) were evaluated for antibodies to psoroptes sp. mites using a kinetic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). test values for each sample were determined to be either positive or negative at each of two elisa cutoff values that provided either 100% sensitivity (low cutoff) or 100% specificity (high cutoff), respectively. one hundred sixty-eight (20.8%) sera were seropositive at the low cutoff value, and 8 ... | 1992 | 1474651 |
| serologic survey for brucellosis in feral swine, wild ruminants, and black bear of california, 1977 to 1989. | a retrospective analysis of brucellosis serologic testing results in eight wildlife species in california from 1977 to 1989 was done. samples were collected from 5,398 live-captured or hunter-killed animals and tested by combinations of up to six serologic tests for antibodies to brucella spp. twenty-three of 611 (3.8%) feral swine (sus scrofa), one of 180 (0.6%) black bear (ursus americanus), one of 355 (0.3%) california mule deer (odocoileus hemionus californicus), and one of 1,613 (0.06%) bla ... | 1992 | 1512866 |
| insects feeding on desert bighorn sheep, domestic rabbits, and japanese quail in the santa rosa mountains of southern california. | desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis cremnobates), a domestic rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus), and japanese quail (coturnix japonica) were used as bait animals to collect blood-feeding flies in an area of active blue-tongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus transmission. precipitin tests were used to confirm the blood source where feasible. eight species of culicoides, members of the leptoconops kerteszi group, simulium spp., anopheles franciscanus, and stomoxys calcitrans were collected f ... | 1992 | 1512887 |
| freemartinism in a captive herd of rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis). | freemartinism in two animals from a captive herd of rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) at the denver zoological gardens (denver, colorado, usa) is described. a young ewe had female external genitalia, a masculine appearance, and demonstrated male behavior as she matured. another ewe with female external genitalia died as a yearling. necropsy revealed a non-patent vagina and internal male genitalia. both females were chimeric with karyotypes containing xx and xy sex chromosomes. | 1992 | 1512891 |
| on capturing bighorn sheep. | 1992 | 1512895 | |
| susceptibility of two rocky mountain bighorn sheep to experimental infection with anaplasma ovis. | in north america, the role of wild ruminants in the epidemiology of anaplasmosis has not been clearly defined. such information is particularly meager in regard to bighorn sheep. we report the susceptibility of two rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) to experimental infection with a well characterized field isolate of anaplasma ovis obtained from domestic sheep in idaho. both bighorn sheep developed infection resulting in severe clinical disease, with relatively high parasi ... | 1992 | 1548791 |
| chlamydial-caused infectious keratoconjunctivitis in bighorn sheep of yellowstone national park. | an epizootic of infectious keratoconjunctivitis occurred in bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) in yellowstone national park during the winter of 1981-82. the causative organism was identified as chlamydia sp. mortality related to the epizootic was approximately 60% of an estimated 500 bighorn sheep in the northern range population. the infection probably affected all sex and age classes, but field surveys of live animals and mortality suggested that mature rams died disproportionately. limited fiel ... | 1992 | 1602566 |
| spatial and seasonal distribution of potential vectors of hemorrhagic disease viruses to peninsular bighorn sheep in the santa rosa mountains of southern california. | blood-feeding midges (culicoides sp. and leptoconops sp.) were sampled in the santa rosa mountains, riverside county, california (usa), to determine which species might be involved in the transmission of bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses to peninsular bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis cremnobates). host-seeking midges were sampled with co2-baited suction traps over a period of 30 mo. nineteen species of culicoides and seven of leptoconops were collected. five of the culicoides sp ... | 1992 | 1602570 |
| blood gas and catecholamine levels in capture stressed desert bighorn sheep. | forty-seven bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis nelsoni) were captured within a 3-day period in december, 1989 as part of a california department of fish and game effort to repopulate historic ranges in california. they were captured on the mojave desert in the kelso mountains near old dad peak, san bernardino county, california. venous blood gases measured at the site of capture demonstrated a severe metabolic acidosis (base deficit, 23 meq/liter), with no evidence of respiratory acidosis. there wer ... | 1992 | 1602576 |
| characterization of an anaplasma ovis isolate from desert bighorn sheep in southern california. | to understand the role of bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) in the epidemiology of anaplasmosis, we recovered a field isolate from a suspected enzootic area in southern california (usa). whole blood was collected from three desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis nelsoni) and inoculated into a susceptible splenectomized domestic sheep, calf and a susceptible spleen-intact bighorn sheep. no infection occurred in the calf, but a detectable infection developed in both the domestic sheep and bighorn she ... | 1993 | 8258851 |
| a retrospective serologic survey for anaplasma spp. infection in three bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) populations in california. | using an indirect immunofluorescence assay, we determined the prevalence of anaplasma-reactive antibody in three herds of bighorn sheep, each a different subspecies and occupying a different habitat in california (usa). antibodies to anaplasma spp. were identified in none of twenty california bighorn (ovis canadensis californiana) sampled from the mt. baxter herd, 11 of 17 peninsular bighorn (o. canadensis cremnobates) sampled in the santa rosa mountains, and all 20 desert bighorn (o. canadensis ... | 1993 | 8258852 |
| characteristic differences in reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction products of ovine, bovine, and human respiratory syncytial viruses. | in reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (rt-pcr) and dna hybridizations using primers and an oligonucleotide probe to the fusion (f) protein mrna of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), all the brsv isolates and a goat isolate could be distinguished from prototype isolates of human respiratory syncytial viruses (hrsv) and ovine (sheep and bighorn sheep) respiratory syncytial viruses (rsv). however, rt-pcr amplifications with primers to sequences of the hrsv f protein mrna resul ... | 1993 | 8373845 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of herpesviruses isolated from two peninsular bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis cremnobates). | in 1989, herpesviruses were isolated from nasal swabs taken from two peninsular bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis cremnobates) in the anza-borrego desert state park, san diego county, california (usa). using restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) with pst1 enzyme, each isolate was found to be similar to the cooper strain of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv). the rea patterns of the two herpesviruses from bighorn sheep were typical of either field strains or vaccine strains of ibrv com ... | 1993 | 8383254 |
| use of dna analysis of pasteurella haemolytica biotype t isolates to monitor transmission in bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis). | pneumonia has been identified as a major cause of poor lamb survival in indigenous herds of rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) in central idaho. pasteurella haemolytica was isolated from five adult rocky mountain bighorn ewes captured from a free-ranging herd in central idaho. the lambs from two of these ewes delivered by cesarean section were free of p. haemolytica until 40 days of age and after repeated contact with their dams. the lambs subsequently developed signs of p ... | 1993 | 8385150 |
| isolation and in vitro cultivation of babesia parasites from free-ranging desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis nelsoni) and mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) in california. | protozoal parasites of the genus babesia were isolated for the first time from free-ranging desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis nelsoni) and mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) populations in california by in vitro culture of host blood. these naturally infected animals did not have microscopically detectable parasitemia at the time blood was collected for parasite cultivation. three isolates of small babesia parasites were cultured from different sample groups of bighorn sheep, and 2 isolates of ... | 1993 | 8437062 |
| pasteurella haemolytica cytotoxin-dependent killing of neutrophils from bighorn and domestic sheep. | peripheral blood neutrophils from rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) and domestic sheep were exposed to culture supernatants from pasteurella haemolytica isolates recovered from these two sheep species. six culture supernatants from bighorn sheep isolates and two from domestic sheep isolates were tested for cytotoxicity as determined by the release of lactate dehydrogenase. two of the bacterial culture supernatants from bighorn sheep were not cytotoxic, while the other fou ... | 1993 | 8445788 |
| efficacy of in-feed formulation ivermectin against psoroptes sp. in bighorn sheep. | four rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) were experimentally inoculated with psoroptes sp. of bighorn sheep origin by placing approximately 50 mites into each ear. two sheep developed reproducing mite colonies and lesions consisting of alopecia, and exudative dermatitis with scabs on ears, face and neck. three months after inoculation, all four sheep were treated with an in-feed formulation of ivermectin at a dosage of 1 mg/kg of body weight in a pelleted ration daily for s ... | 1993 | 8445794 |
| sex- and age-specific lungworm infection in rocky mountain bighorn sheep during winter. | sex- and age-specific fecal lungworm (protostrongylus spp.) larvae concentrations in rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) from the cinnabar winter range in southwestern montana were determined. all 228 fecal samples collected from bighorn sheep of known sex and age class from november to april, 1984 to 1987 contained first-stage lungworm larvae. fecal lungworm concentrations of ewes and rams declined significantly from late fall through early spring, whereas number of lungwo ... | 1993 | 8445795 |
| self-awareness, task failure, and disinhibition: how attentional focus affects eating. | dieting and nondieting subjects were given either failure or neutral performance feedback on a problem-solving task. failure subjects were then assigned to one of three self-awareness conditions: one group was forced to watch a video clip of themselves failing on the problem-solving task, one group was asked to watch a distracting video clip on bighorn sheep, and the final group was asked to sit quietly for 10 minutes. subjects were then allowed to eat as much ice cream as they wanted. only in t ... | 1993 | 8463951 |
| the isolation and partial characterization of a babesia sp. from desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis nelsoni). | a novel babesia parasite of desert bighorn sheep was isolated. its taxonomic description, host range, pathogenicity and antigenic relatedness were investigated. the parasite was infective for black-tailed and white-tailed deer, but with host-specific differences compared to that of bighorn sheep. a splenectomized calf and domestic sheep were refractory to infection. a comparative immunofluorescence assay detected antigens cross-reactive with babesia odocoilei, b. divergens, b. equi and b. caball ... | 1993 | 8508161 |
| comparative leukotoxicities of pasteurella haemolytica isolates from domestic sheep and free-ranging bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis). | twenty-eight isolates of pasteurella haemolytica from domestic sheep (n = 14 isolates) and bighorn sheep (n = 14 isolates) were evaluated for leucotoxicity against peripheral blood neutrophils of bighorn sheep by adding bacterial culture supernatants to bighorn sheep neutrophils in vitro. leukotoxic isolates of p. haemolytica, defined as causing > 50% neutrophil death as measured by release of lactate dehydrogenase into culture supernatants, were identified from eight of 14 domestic sheep isolat ... | 1994 | 7760481 |
| susceptibility of phagocytes from elk, deer, bighorn sheep, and domestic sheep to pasteurella haemolytica cytotoxins. | alveolar macrophages and peripheral blood neutrophils from elk (cervus elaphus), bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis), and domestic sheep were exposed to culture supernatants from pasteurella haemolytica isolated from bighorn sheep and domestic sheep. in a second experiment, peripheral blood neutrophils from mule deer (odocoileus hemionus), elk, and bighorn sheep were exposed to culture supernatants from p. haemolytica isolated from elk, bighorn sheep and domestic sheep. alveolar macrophag ... | 1994 | 7760482 |
| geographic analysis of pathogen exposure in bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis). | antibody responses were examined among 998 bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) in california (usa) to determine spatial patterns of pathogen exposure. using a shifting frame analysis, a specific geographic region was delineated that contained bighorn sheep with higher (p < 0.05) levels of multiple exposure (antibodies detected against > or = two pathogens), as well as higher prevalence values for eight of ten individual pathogens. this region in southwestern california encompassed all of the peninsu ... | 1994 | 7933271 |
| fatal pneumonia following inoculation of healthy bighorn sheep with pasteurella haemolytica from healthy domestic sheep. | in a series of three experiments, isolates of pasteurella haemolytica biotype a, serotype 2, ribotype reference wsu-1, from healthy domestic sheep, were inoculated intratracheally into eight bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) and seven domestic sheep with doses of bacteria ranging from 5.3 x 10(8) to 8.6 x 10(11) colony forming units. seven of eight inoculated bighorn sheep died from acute pneumonia within 48 hr of inoculation, whereas all seven domestic sheep inoculated with comparable ... | 1994 | 8028096 |
| a reliable transport method for isolating pasteurella haemolytica from bighorn sheep. | we compared three transport methods for the recovery of pasteurella haemolytica from pharyngeal swabs collected under field conditions from 42 bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) in one captive and three free-ranging populations. transport methods included: amies medium with charcoal, transported on ice, and cultured on blood agar within 24 hr; direct plating on blood agar, transported on heating pads, and incubated at 37 c within 8 hr of collection; and phosphate buffered glycerol (pbg), transporte ... | 1994 | 8028114 |
| bacteria isolated from nasal and tonsillar samples of clinically healthy rocky mountain bighorn and domestic sheep. | nasal and tonsillar samples were collected from 14 free-ranging clinically healthy rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) and 10 domestic sheep (ovis aries). we identified 194 bacterial isolates, including 101 from bighorn and 93 from domestic sheep. of these isolates, 115 were gram-positive and 79 were gram-negative. staphylococcus species were the most numerous gram-positive organisms and had a higher incidence in samples from domestic than from bighorn sheep. in contrast st ... | 1994 | 8151809 |
| effects of modified cary and blair medium on recovery of nonhemolytic pasteurella haemolytica from rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) pharyngeal swabs. | modified cary and blair transport medium (mcb) was evaluated for recovery of pasteurella spp. from pharyngeal swabs of healthy rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis). in experiment one, three pharyngeal swabs were collected from each of 25 bighorns. pasteurella haemolytica was recovered from 21 of 25 swabs tested almost immediately and from 16 of 25 swabs held in mcb medium at about 22 c for 24 hr before testing (p > 0.10). recovery of p. haemolytica decreased (p < 0.005) to 1 ... | 1994 | 8151818 |
| cultivation and phylogenetic characterization of a newly recognized human pathogenic protozoan. | an intraerythrocytic protozoan (wa1) recently isolated from a patient in washington state was shown to be morphologically identical to babesia microti but biologically and genetically distinct. continuous growth of wa1 was established in stationary erythrocyte cultures. hybridization of a chemiluminescent babesia-specific dna probe to southern blots of restriction enzyme-digested genomic dna showed that wa1 could be distinguished from other babesia species that were antigenically cross-reactive ... | 1994 | 8169390 |
| forensic identification of ungulate species using restriction digests of pcr-amplified mitochondrial dna. | a survey of mitochondrial d-loop variation in 15 species of ungulates was conducted via amplification by the polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. this survey included moose (alces alces), caribou (rangifer tarandus), mule deer (odocoileus hemionus hemionus), black-tailed deer (o. h. columbianus), white-tailed deer (o. virginianus), waipiti (cervus elaphus), pronghorn antelope (antilocapra americana), bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis), stone's she ... | 1995 | 8522926 |
| microsatellite evolution in congeneric mammals: domestic and bighorn sheep. | we compared genotypes at eight (ac)n microsatellite loci in domestic sheep (ovis aries) and wild rocky mountain bighorn sheep (o. canadensis). the domestic sheep had greater genetic variation, higher allele-size variances, and larger allele sizes than the wild sheep. accumulating evidence from higher taxonomic comparisons shows that these parameters are biased if microsatellite loci are selected in one taxon and used in another. our results demonstrate similar biases between congeneric species. ... | 1995 | 8524043 |
| conductive hearing loss in bighorn sheep. | in january 1993 we simulated a conductive hearing loss in three mexican bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis mexicana) by placing bone wax or saline solution in their ear canals. our objective was to test whether lesions of the external auditory canal caused by psoroptic mites (psoroptes ovis) may lead to conductive hearing loss in bighorn sheep. we assessed the effects of these manipulations using the auditory brainstem response test. placing saline solution in the external auditory canal, which load ... | 1995 | 8583641 |
| seroprevalence of two babesia spp. isolates in selected bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) and mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) populations in california. | sera from 111 bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) and 95 mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) were tested using an indirect immunofluorescence assay for antibodies to two isolates of babesia spp. recently obtained from these hosts in california (usa). the study populations were from six locations: three areas of real or potential sympatry of bighorn sheep and deer, one area with deer only, and two areas with bighorn sheep only. antibody titers from seroreactive individuals were similar with both babesial ... | 1995 | 8592376 |
| a fatal case of babesiosis in missouri: identification of another piroplasm that infects humans. | to characterize the etiologic agents (mo1) of the first reported case of babesiosis acquired in missouri. | 1996 | 8607592 |
| pregnancy detection in bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) using a fecal-based enzyme immunoassay. | we developed and validated an enzyme immunoassay for immunoreactive pregnanediol-3-glucuronide (ipdg) in feces to monitor reproductive status in desert and rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis). fecal ipdg concentrations were strongly correlated (r = 0.71) with serum progesterone concentrations in paired fecal and blood samples collected from 34 free-ranging desert bighorn sheep. in bimonthly fecal samples collected from 12 captive ewes, fecal ipdg profiles were similar between desert a ... | 1996 | 8627939 |
| effects of visible signs of contagious ecthyma on mass and survival of bighorn lambs. | external signs of contagious ecthyma became common in a population of rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) in alberta, canada, after it attained high density. between 1990 and 1993, we studied effects of this disease on mass gain and survival of lambs. prevalence and severity were independent of lamb sex. lambs with large sores and scabs gained less mass than other lambs and were lighter the following spring as yearlings. there was no significant effect of the disease upon lamb surviva ... | 1996 | 8722267 |
| attempted protection of bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) from pneumonia using a nonlethal cytotoxic strain of pasteurella haemolytica, biotype a, serotype. | between february and april, 1994, we tested the hypothesis that bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) inoculated with a cytotoxic isolate of pasteurella haemolytica biotype a, serotype 11 (a11) could withstand challenge inoculation with a cytotoxic strain of p. haemolytica a2 of domestic sheep origin known to cause lethal pneumonia in bighorn sheep. on experimental day o, two bighorn sheep were inoculated intratracheally with 6 x 10(9) colony forming units (cfu) of a cytotoxic strain of p. ... | 1996 | 8722270 |
| prevalence of antibody to malignant catarrhal fever virus in wild and domestic ruminants by competitive-inhibition elisa. | a competitive-inhibition elisa (ci-elisa), based on a monoclonal antibody to an epitope conserved among malignant catarrhal fever virus (mcfv) strains of both wildebeest and sheep origin, was used to determine the prevalence of antibody to mcfv in selected domestic and wild ruminants, both free-ranging and captive, from the usa. we evaluated 2528 sera from 14 species between 1990 and 1995, including 80 pronghorn antelope (antilocapra americana), 339 bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis), 103 biston (b ... | 1996 | 8827669 |
| the use of a tympanic membrane thermometer for assessing hyperthermia in bighorn sheep. | in november 1992, 45 desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis nelsoni) were captured at old dad peak and the kelso mountains of southern california (usa) using a netgun fired from a helicopter. tympanic membrane temperature was compared to rectal temperature for 22 sheep to determine if tympanic membrane temperature was a reliable indicator of hyperthermia and capture stress. all animals captured had elevated rectal temperatures after capture and arrival to the processing area. the group of 22 shee ... | 1996 | 8827678 |
| susceptibility of bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) to experimentally-induced fascioloides magna infections. | three captive rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis), consisting of a female lamb, a yearling ram, and a 2 1/2-yr-old castrated ram were inoculated orally with 50 (n = 1) or 100 (n = 2) metacercariae of fascioloides magna in november 1991. all three sheep died from fluke infection on post-inoculation days 104, 140, and 197, respectively. numbers of f. magna recovered were 3 (3%), 18 (36%), and 21 (21%). all dukes were immature and were recovered from liver (n = 36), lungs (n = ... | 1996 | 8827689 |
| susceptibility of dall sheep (ovis dalli dalli) to pneumonia caused by pasteurella haemolytica. | we evaluated susceptibility of dall sheep (ovis dalli dalli) to bacterial pneumonia induced by two strains of pasteurella haemolytica of domestic sheep origin by evaluating the sensitivity of blood neutrophils of eight dall sheep to lysis by cytotoxins of p. haemolytica, and by intratracheal inoculation of three dall sheep, two bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis), and two domestic sheep with 3.7 x 10(6) or 2.5 x 10(7) colony forming units of p. haemolytica. neutrophils from the dall sheep were more ... | 1996 | 9359056 |
| experimental contact of bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) with horses and cattle, and comparison of neutrophil sensitivity to pasteurella haemolytica cytotoxins. | peripheral blood neutrophils from horses, cattle, and rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) were evaluated for susceptibility to cytotoxin-dependent lysis of different biotypes and serotypes of pasteurella haemolytica of domestic sheep, cattle, bighorn sheep, or mountain goat (oreamnos americana) origin utilizing a cytotoxicity assay which measures the degree of bacteria cytotoxin-killing of neutrophils. all isolates of p. haemolytica (biotypes a and t) were noncytotoxic to h ... | 1996 | 9359057 |
| meningeal worm in experimentally-infected bighorn and domestic sheep. | in the first (july 1989) of two experiments, each of three bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) and three domestic sheep, respectively, was exposed to 25, 150, or 300 infective third-stage larvae (l3) of the meningeal worm, parelaphostrongylus tenuis. two bighorn sheep had temporary mild paresis and lumbar weakness; one developed paralysis and died suddenly 32 days after exposure. adult p. tenuis were found deep within the brain and spinal cord of the one latter sheep. a generalized inflammatory resp ... | 1996 | 9359060 |
| antibody responses to psoroptes sp. mites in dall sheep (ovis dalli). | we determined that antibody responses to psoroptes sp. mites were not present in 403 of 407 sera samples collected opportunistically from 1979 through 1991 from dall sheep (ovis dalli) from five locations in alaska, usa (eastern arctic, n = 61; central arctic, n = 15; western interior, n = 122; central interior, n = 63; eastern interior, n = 146). test values for four samples exceeded the positive cutoff value for the immunoassay, but exposure to mites could not be confirmed since the 95% confid ... | 1996 | 9359078 |
| evaluation of a multivalent pasteurella haemolytica vaccine in bighorn sheep: safety and serologic responses. | we examined effects of a multivalent pasteurella haemolytica vaccine (serotypes a1, a2, t10) on humoral immune responses and p. haemolytica isolation rates in bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis). thirty captive bighorns, divided into groups of three on the basis of age, sex, and previous history of pneumonic pasteurellosis, received 0, 1, or 2 vaccine doses. mild, transient lameness in most bighorns 1 day after initial vaccination was the only adverse effect observed. oropharyngeal (> or = 75%) and ... | 1997 | 9391957 |
| extracting protostrongylus spp. larvae from bighorn sheep feces. | first-stage larvae of protostrongylus spp. were more numerous in the core of bighorn sheep (ovis canadiensis canadiensis) pellets than near the surface. as a result, only 22% could be extracted from whole pellets and the numbers collected did not reflect the total number of larvae present in samples. crushing semi-dried pellets yielded seven times as many larvae and numbers collected were correlated with totals present. the use of tissue, in addition to a screen filter in a beaker extraction met ... | 1997 | 9391973 |
| the distribution of dermacentor hunteri and anaplasma sp. in desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis). | the ixodid tick dermacentor hunteri has been collected intermittently this century, primarily from desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis). anaplasma spp. are intraerythrocytic rickettsial parasites of ungulates and are vectored in the western united states by ticks of the genus dermacentor. we tested the hypotheses that d. hunteri would be found infesting all populations of desert bighorn, and that all infested populations would be seropositive for anaplasma sp. dermacentor hunteri was found on ... | 1997 | 9057693 |
| genetic variation of major histocompatibility complex and microsatellite loci: a comparison in bighorn sheep. | examining and comparing genetic variation for major histocompatibility complex (mhc) and micro-satellite (ms) loci in the same individuals provides an opportunity to understand the forces influencing genetic variation. we examined five mhc and three ms loci in 235 bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) from 14 populations and found that both types of loci were highly variable and were in hardy-weinberg proportions. mean fst values for both markers were very similar and mhc and ms genetic variability wa ... | 1997 | 9071595 |
| use of fenbendazole for long-term control of protostrongylid lungworms in free-ranging rocky mountain bighorn sheep. | in an effort to control protostrongylus spp. in a rocky mountain bighorn sheep herd (ovis canadensis canadensis) of approximately 30 animals, fenbendazole-medicated salt was placed on the stillwater bighorn winter range in southcentral montana (usa) for four consecutive winters, 1990 to 1993. sheep of all age and sex classes were observed using the medicated salt throughout the study period. prevalence and average number of lungworm larvae per gram of bighorn feces declined significantly (p < 0. ... | 1997 | 9131579 |
| pathogen exposure patterns among sympatric populations of bighorn sheep, mule deer and cattle. | we sampled sympatric bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis, n = 31), mule deer (odocoileus hemionus, n = 38), and domestic cattle (n = 26) in the san bernadino mountains of southern california (usa) for the presence of psoroptes spp. mites and for serologic evidence of exposure to bluetongue virus (btv) and babesia spp. from 1991 through 1994, psoroptes spp. infestations were found on 12 (44%) of 27 bighorn sheep. no mites were found on mule deer or cattle. the btv serum antibody prevalence in a cohort ... | 1997 | 9131583 |
| evolution of repeated sequence arrays in the d-loop region of bat mitochondrial dna. | analysis of mitochondrial dna control region sequences from 41 species of bats representing 11 families revealed that repeated sequence arrays near the trna-pro gene are present in all vespertilionine bats. across 18 species tandem repeats varied in size from 78 to 85 bp and contained two to nine repeats. heteroplasmy ranged from 15% to 63%. fewer repeats among heteroplasmic than homoplasmic individuals in a species with up to nine repeats indicates selection may act against long arrays. a lower ... | 1997 | 9215906 |
| pasteurella spp. in sympatric bighorn and domestic sheep. | domestic sheep were sighted at different times from 1991 to 1993 on four nevada (usa) ranges occupied by bighorn sheep. nasal and pharyngeal swab samples were collected from both sheep species and cultured to determine if any strains of pasteurella spp. were shared on range conditions after contact of the two species. pasteurella spp. were isolated from all 38 bighorn sheep and 16 of 17 domestic sheep included in this study. the isolates were characterized on the bases of species, biotype, serot ... | 1997 | 9249701 |
| effect of simulated stress on susceptibility of bighorn sheep neutrophils to pasteurella haemolytica leukotoxin. | we examined the effects of simulated stress on susceptibility of rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) neutrophils to pasteurella haemolytica leukotoxin in a blocked, crossover experiment. ten captive-raised bighorn sheep were sampled 10 hr after separate administrations of long-acting adrenocorticotrophic hormone (acth) gel and normal saline (control). we then compared in vitro leukotoxin-dependent neutrophil death rates after exposure to culture supernatants from four uniqu ... | 1997 | 9249702 |
| contact transmission of psoroptic mange from bighorn to stone sheep. | psoroptes sp. mites and tan crusty lesions were detected in the ears of a captive stone sheep (ovis dalli stonei) in april 1996, after contact with infected captive rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis). psoroptes spp. have not been detected in free-ranging ungulates in canada or alaska (usa). this is the first report of psoroptes sp. in stone sheep, indicating their susceptibility to infection. | 1997 | 9249721 |
| mass- and density-dependent reproductive success and reproductive costs in a capital breeder. | for capital breeders, mass may affect reproductive potential. reproductive expenditure may reduce future reproductive potential, particularly when resources are scarce. to test the hypothesis that reproductive success and the costs of reproduction vary according to mass and population density, we analyzed 25 yr of data on bighorn ewes (ovis canadensis). the number of adult females was first limited by yearly removals, then allowed to triple. we found no survival costs of reproduction for ewes ag ... | 1998 | 18811445 |
| biovariants of isolates of pasteurella from domestic and wild ruminants. | a total of 608 bacterial isolates previously identified as pasteurella haemolytica biotypes a and 3, p. trehalosi, and p. multocida, were separated into 73 distinct biovariants using 21 phenotypic characteristics. the largest group (54%) of wildlife isolates was identified as biogroup 2 and biogroup 2 variants. biogroup 2 and biogroup 2 variants accounted for only 17% of isolates from domestic ruminants and were all from sheep. in contrast, 43% of isolates from domestic ruminants were identified ... | 1998 | 9526860 |
| evaluation of a multivalent pasteurella haemolytica vaccine in bighorn sheep: protection from experimental challenge. | the efficacy of a multivalent pasteurella haemolytica vaccine (a1, a2, t10) in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with pneumonic pasteurellosis in bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) was examined. fifteen captive bighorns were divided equally into three treatment groups based on vaccination status: control (no vaccination), one dose 10 days prior to challenge, or one or two doses 57 wk prior to challenge. at challenge, each bighorn received about 6.2 x 10(7) colony forming units of p. haemo ... | 1998 | 9577780 |
| immobilization of mountain goats with xylazine and reversal with idazoxan. | mountain goats (oreamnos americanus) were captured in traps and immobilized with xylazine, later reversed with idazoxan. one hundred and forty-one goats were immobilized, 94 with a single injection and 47 with multiple injections. dosage (mg/kg of body weight) of xylazine received, induction time, and recovery time after handling did not differ among sex-age classes. increasing the dosage did not shorten induction time. the first injection of xylazine in multiple-injection captures was lower tha ... | 1998 | 9577782 |
| evaluation of bluetongue virus diagnostic tests in free-ranging bighorn sheep. | five bluetongue virus (btv) diagnostic tests were evaluated for use in free-ranging bighorn sheep. we sampled one bighorn sheep population four times between 1989 and 1995. the tests evaluated included virus isolation (vi), polymerase-chain reaction (pcr), serum neutralization (sn), agar-gel immunodiffusion (agid), and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-elisa). the c-elisa, agid and sn tests had high levels of agreement in determining serogroup exposure in bighorn sheep. we used ma ... | 1998 | 9689659 |
| surgical implantation and evaluation of heart rate transmitters in captive bighorn sheep. | a surgical approach was developed for implantation of transmitters to monitor heart rate of bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) with an objective of discrete long-term, long-range data collection. we surgically implanted telonics model hr400 transmitters on the dorsolateral thorax of 15 captive adult bighorn sheep ewes in april-may and october-november 1995. no complications or marked impairment of function were associated with the surgery; however, a transmitter was passively expelled from one ewe ... | 1998 | 9706564 |
| foraging behaviour and sexual segregation in bighorn sheep. | like many sexually dimorphic ungulates, bighorn sheep, ovis canadensis, form sexually segregated groups. nursery groups include females, lambs and subadult males, while adult males form bachelor groups. previous hypotheses to account for sexual segregation in ungulates have suggested sexual differences in energy requirements, predation risk and social preferences. i tested the hypothesis that differing nutritional demands, due to sexual dimorphism in body size, would lead to different movement p ... | 1998 | 9710466 |
| usefulness of molecular markers for detecting population bottlenecks via monitoring genetic change. | it is important to detect population bottlenecks in threatened and managed species because bottlenecks can increase the risk of population extinction. early detection is critical and can be facilitated by statistically powerful monitoring programs for detecting bottleneck-induced genetic change. we used monte carlo computer simulations to evaluate the power of the following tests for detecting genetic changes caused by a severe reduction in a population's effective size (ne): a test for loss of ... | 1998 | 9711862 |
| a diet supplement for captive wild ruminants. | nutritional husbandry of captive wild ruminants often requires feeding these animals a supplemental diet to enhance their health, reproductive performance, and productivity. although supplemental diets for wild ruminants are commercially available, few have been evaluated in controlled intake and digestion trials. voluntary intake, digestive efficiency, nitrogen retention, and gross energy utilization of pronghorn (antilocapra americana), mule deer (odocoileus hemionus), mountain sheep (ovis can ... | 1998 | 9732028 |
| dermacentor hunteri (acari: ixodidae): seasonal variation in questing adults and on-host juvenile stages, and host associations and feeding behavior of larvae and nymphs. | dermacentor hunteri bishopp is the only completely desert adapted tick in the nearctic realm, and chiefly parasitizes desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis shaw) as an adult. the remainder of its life history has been unknown. we conducted field investigations in the sonoran desert of the temporal and spatial variation of adult host-seeking ticks and of the host associations of juvenile ticks. additionally, the feeding success of juvenile ticks was assessed in the laboratory. adult ticks were fo ... | 1998 | 9835699 |
| population subdivision among desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) ewes revealed by mitochondrial dna analysis. | we used behavioural observations and mitochondrial dna (mtdna) sequence analysis to examine demographic and genetic structure within and among home-range groups of desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) ewes in the peninsular ranges of southern california, usa. we identified substantial genetic variation in the first 515 bp of the mtdna control region and determined that seven haplotypes were distributed in a nonrandom fashion among these ewe subpopulations. although a significant (p < 0.01) amo ... | 1999 | 9919700 |
| immunologic responses of domestic and bighorn sheep to a multivalent pasteurella haemolytica vaccine. | the efficacy of a pasteurella haemolytica vaccine (serotypes a1, a2, and t10) to induce humoral antibodies and alter colonization of the upper respiratory tract by related p. haemolytica spp. strains was evaluated in 10 bighorn (ovis canadensis canadensis) and 10 domestic (ovis aries) sheep. sheep of each species were divided into five pairs based on age and history of respiratory disease. one sheep in each pair was vaccinated twice 2 wk apart with 2 ml of vaccine (vac group) and the remaining a ... | 1999 | 10231755 |
| polymerase chain reaction techniques for differentiating cytotoxic and noncytotoxic pasteurella trehalosi from rocky mountain bighorn sheep. | to evaluate 2 polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based methods for differentiating cytotoxic and noncytotoxic pasteurella trehalosi from rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis). | 1999 | 10328428 |
| dermacentor hunteri (acari: ixodidae): an experimental vector of anaplasma marginale and a. ovis (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) to calves and sheep. | the experimental vector competence of laboratory-reared dermacentor hunteri bishopp for anaplasma marginale theiler and anaplasma ovis lestoquard was evaluated by delayed transfer of male ticks from infected to susceptible holstein calves and from infected to susceptible domestic sheep, respectively. after feeding for 4 or 5 d on rickettsemic acquisition hosts, the ticks were held off the host at 26 degrees c, approximately 93% rh, and a photoperiod of 14:10 (l:d) h for 7 or 8 d, then test fed f ... | 1999 | 10337102 |
| elaeophorosis in bighorn sheep in new mexico. | two bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) in new mexico (usa) were found to be naturally infected with elaeophora schneideri. an adult ram examined in 1997 in the fra cristobal mountains had 26 nematodes in the carotid and iliac arteries, and microfilariae were present in the skin, nasal mucosa, brain, and lungs. this ram was markedly debilitated prior to euthanasia and extensive crusty, scabby lesions were observed on its head. in 1998, a yearling ewe found dead adjacent to watson mountain near the g ... | 1999 | 10574542 |
| heritability of body mass varies with age and season in wild bighorn sheep | heritabilities (h2) of body mass at different ages and seasons were estimated using offspring-mother regression and restricted maximum likelihood (reml) methods for bighorn sheep on ram mountain, alberta. both methods resulted in similar estimates of h2 for adults, but for lambs and yearlings heritability was underestimated by offspring-mother regression relative to reml, possibly because of higher maternal-effects bias for offspring-mother regression. heritabilities of body mass in bighorn were ... | 1999 | 10620024 |
| effects of delivery method on serological responses of bighorn sheep to a multivalent pasteurella haemolytica supernatant vaccine. | the safety and efficacy of a remotely delivered multivalent pasteurella haemolytica supernatant vaccine (serotypes a2 and t10) were examined in captive rocky, mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis). twenty bighorn sheep were grouped according to baseline leukotoxin neutralizing antibody titers (< or =2 or >2 log2(-1)) and vaccination history (previously vaccinated or unvaccinated). within these groups, animals were randomly assigned to one of two delivery treatments: hand injection ... | 2000 | 10682747 |
| desert bighorn sheep mortality due to presumptive type c botulism in california. | during a routine telemetry flight of the mojave desert (california, usa) in august 1995, mortality signals were detected from two of 12 radio-collared female desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) in the vicinity of old dad peak in san bernardino county (california). a series of field investigations determined that at least 45 bighorn sheep had died near two artificial water catchments (guzzlers), including 13 bighorn sheep which had presumably drowned in a guzzler tank. samples from water conta ... | 2000 | 10682765 |
| body mass and individual fitness in female ungulates: bigger is not always better. | in female vertebrates, differences in fitness often correspond to differences in phenotypic quality, suggesting that larger females have greater fitness. variation in individual fitness can result from variation in life span and/or variation in yearly reproductive success, but no study has yet assessed the relationships between the components of fitness and phenotypic quality while controlling for life span. we tried to fill this gap using data from long-term monitoring (23 years) of marked roe ... | 2000 | 10737404 |
| biochemical and hematologic reference intervals for free-ranging desert bighorn sheep. | over 200 clinically normal desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) from multiple geographic areas were sampled utilizing a uniform protocol. the goals of this study were to develop comprehensive reference intervals for hematologic and biochemical analytes using central 90th percentile nonparametric analyses. adult female sheep had greater erythrocyte mass (hemoglobin and hematocrit) compared with adult male sheep. young animals < or = 1-yr-old had greater erythrocyte mass (hemoglobin, hematocrit ... | 2000 | 10813611 |
| susceptibility of two bighorn sheep cell cultures to selected common ruminant viruses. | 2000 | 10826841 | |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis). | serum samples from 697 rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) from north america were examined for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii by the modified agglutination test incorporating mercaptoethanol and formalin-fixed tachyzoites. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 25 of 697 (3.6%) sheep in titers of 1:25 (8 sheep), 1:50 (4 sheep), 1:100 (7 sheep), 1:200 (1 sheep), 1:400 (1 sheep), 1:800 (1 sheep), and 1:1,600 (3 sheep). this is the first record of t. gondii exposure in bighorn sheep. | 2000 | 10864265 |
| consistency of temperament in bighorn ewes and correlates with behaviour and life history. | individual differences in temperament may affect how animals react to novel situations, avoid predation, invest in reproduction and behave in a variety of social contexts. little information is available, however, about individual differences in temperament for wild animals. for bighorn sheep, ovis canadensis, ewes captured as part of a long-term study, we compared behaviour during handling to behaviour in the field and reproductive history. we considered 'bold' ewes those that were frequently t ... | 2000 | 11082229 |
| toxoplasmic encephalitis in a free-ranging rocky mountain bighorn sheep from washington. | a 4-mo-old free-ranging rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) from the hells canyon area (washington, usa) was diagnosed with encephalitis associated with toxoplasma gondii infection. the sheep had concurrent pneumonic pasteurellosis and resided in a geographic area with endemic pasteurella-associated pneumonia and mortality in bighorn sheep. the brain had multifocal necrotizing and nonsuppurative encephalitis with intralesional protozoa. the protozoa were identified as t. go ... | 2000 | 11085438 |