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mycobacterium abscessus skin infection after tattooing: first case report and review of the literature.mycobacterium abscessus is a species of rapidly growing mycobacteria (rgm). this species can cause skin and soft tissue infections after trauma or surgical procedures, pulmonary infections and disseminated diseases in immunocompromised patients. it has been rarely documented after tattoo procedures. herein we describe the case of a 51-year- old man who presented with erythematous papules over a tattoo on the back 10 days after a tattoo session. culture revealed m. abscessus. tattoo infections, c ...201020558973
antimicrobial activity of mucosal-associated invariant t cells.mucosal-associated invariant t lymphocytes (mait lymphocytes) are characterized by two evolutionarily conserved features: an invariant t cell antigen receptor (tcr) alpha-chain and restriction by the major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-related protein mr1. here we show that mait cells were activated by cells infected with various strains of bacteria and yeast, but not cells infected with virus, in both humans and mice. this activation required cognate interaction between the invariant tcr and ...201020581831
fatal mycobacterium abscessus endocarditis misidentified as corynebacterium spp.the microbiological similarities of rapidly growing mycobacteria and corynebacteria impose potential for misidentification in the laboratory. this report describes a fatal case of infectious endocarditis caused by mycobacterium abscessus, initially identified and treated as corynebacterium spp. acid-fast staining should be performed routinely when multiple blood cultures grow corynebacterium spp.201019958237
aerosolized amikacin and oral clarithromycin to eradicate mycobacterium abscessus in a patient with cystic fibrosis: an 8-year follow-up. 201020503290
genitourinary infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria at a university hospital in taiwan, 1996-2008.genitourinary infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) are rarely reported. the medical records of all patients with genitourinary ntm infections treated at national taiwan university hospital from 1996-2008 were retrospectively reviewed. fifteen patients were identified, of whom 10 (67%) were male. more than two-thirds of patients had underlying conditions, the most common of which was chronic renal disease. only one patient had aids. acid-fast smears of urine were negative in all ...201020132253
mycobacterium massiliense is differentiated from mycobacterium abscessus and mycobacterium bolletii by erythromycin ribosome methyltransferase gene (erm) and clarithromycin susceptibility patterns.erythromycin ribosome methyltransferase gene (erm) sequences of mycobacterium massiliense and mycobacterium bolletii isolates were newly investigated. forty nine strains of m. massiliense that were analyzed in the present study had a deleted erm(41). due to a frame-shift mutation, large deletion, and truncated c-terminal region, the erm(41) of m. massiliense had only 81 amino acids encoded by 246 nucleotides. corresponding to these findings, most of the m. massiliense isolates (89.8%) were marke ...201020536733
oral moxifloxacin and topical amikacin for mycobacterium abscessus keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis.we report a case of mycobacterium abscessus keratitis after elective laser in situ keratomileusis in a 19-year-old woman. the infection started 3 weeks after uneventful surgery, and the patient received multiple antimicrobial treatments without response. a corneal scrape isolate showed an acid-fast bacterium that was subsequently confirmed by culture to be m abscessus. prompt treatment of oral moxifloxacin 400 mg twice daily and hourly topical amikacin 2.5% was started. recovery occurred within ...201020457379
pulmonary mycobacterium abscessus in an aids patient.mycobacterium abscessus is an unusual pathogen in hiv/aids patients. we report a case of m abscessus with review of the literature, which revealed 1 confirmed case in an hiv/aids patient. preliminary diagnosis was presumed to be pulmonary tuberculosis secondary to positive acid-fast bacilli in sputum stain. after initial treatment failure, sputum stains were repeated, and the species was identified; therefore the antibiotic regimen was tailored for m abscessus. early recognition and treatment of ...201020375687
an outbreak of skin and soft tissue infection caused by mycobacterium abscessus following acupuncture.although outbreaks of mycobacterium abscessus infection have been reported, none of these reports has identified the potential sources of infection and modes of transmission. in april 2008, we identified and investigated an outbreak of m. abscessus skin and soft tissue infections following acupuncture among the patients who visited an oriental medical clinic. active surveillance of patients who had visited the clinic was conducted to define the extent of the outbreak. environmental cultures and ...201019694761
perigastrostomy infection caused by mycobacterium abscessus in an immunocompetent patient. 201020107743
lung disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria.although the incidence of tuberculosis has reduced in developed countries, there is a growing interest in nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) as a cause of lung disease. however, ntm are a heterogeneous group and most of the data come from only three species: mycobacterium avium complex, mycobacterium kansasii and mycobacterium abscessus. still, information about these three species is confusing because it is based mainly on retrospective studies and series of clinical cases performed in developed ...201020154623
nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease.there is increasing awareness that nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) lung diseases are becoming more prevalent. nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases could legitimately be seen as an emerging public-health threat.201020087178
otomastoiditis caused by mycobacterium abscessus, the netherlands. 201020031077
sequential bilateral lung resection in a patient with mycobacterium abscessus lung disease refractory to medical treatment.mycobacterium abscessus (m. abscessus) is the second most common nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) in south korea. nevertheless, the diagnosis and treatment of m. abscessus lung disease can be problematic. surgical resection has been tried for patients with localized m. abscessus lung disease refractory to medical treatment. here, we report on a 25-year-old woman with m. abscessus lung disease who had been diagnosed and treated three times for pulmonary tuberculosis. she was initially diagnosed ...201020046529
mycobacterium abscessus infection in a cystic fibrosis patient: a difficult to treat infection. 201020074421
mycobacterial bacteraemia in patients infected and not infected with human immunodeficiency virus, taiwan.the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 71 patients with mycobacterial bacteraemia, infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) (n = 47) and not infected with hiv (n = 24) are described. mycobacterium avium complex (mac) (54.9%) constituted the most frequently isolated mycobacterium, followed by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) (38.0%), mycobacterium kansasii (4.2%), and mycobacterium abscessus (2.8%). the beijing family genotype was the most common type in mtb, and mycobacterium intra ...201019709128
a case of mycobacterium abscessus skin infection caused by multiple acupunctures. 201019758379
carbapenem susceptibility patterns for clinical isolates of mycobacterium abscessus determined by the etest method.mycobacterium abscessus is resistant to multiple antibiotics, creating treatment challenges. carbapenems are tested to increase therapeutic alternatives. we performed in vitro susceptibility testing by etest of four carbapenems for m. abscessus isolates. imipenem demonstrated the most in vitro activity, and testing of other carbapenems provided no additional value.201020018813
lung transplantation in patients with cystic fibrosis and mycobacterium abscessus infection.mycobacterium abscessus lung disease is difficult to treat and has been considered a strong relative contraindication to lung transplantation. we performed double lung transplantation in three cystic fibrosis patients with ongoing, and a fourth with recent treatment for mycobacterium abscessus lung infection. despite prolonged antibiotic courses and adjustment of immunosuppressive therapy the first three patients developed skin infection and abscesses. at follow-up after 1, 3, 5 and 7years respe ...201020400381
epidemic of surgical-site infections by a single clone of rapidly growing mycobacteria in brazil.our aim is to investigate if the clusters of postsurgical mycobacterial infections, reported between 2004 and 2008 in seven geographically distant states in brazil, were caused by a single mycobacterial strain.201020521940
chronic mycobacterium abscessus infection and lung function decline in cystic fibrosis.although nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) are recognized pathogens in cystic fibrosis (cf), associations with clinical outcomes remain unclear.201020071249
mycobacterium abscessus endophthalmitis after descemet's stripping with automated endothelial keratoplasty.to report the first case of endophthalmitis after descemet's stripping with automated endothelial keratoplasty caused by mycobacterium abscessus.201020335806
computational prediction of properties and analysis of molecular phylogenetics of polyketide synthases in three species of actinomycetes.polyketides are secondary metabolites of microorganisms synthesized by serialized reactions of a set of enzymes called polyketide synthases (pks). as many infectious microorganisms are acquiring tolerance to antibiotics, the need for novel medicines is increasing. recently, various methods are being used for drug discovery, including gene manipulation for biosynthesis of antibiotics such as polyketides. due to their importance as drugs, the volume of data on polyketides is rapidly increasing. in ...201020470251
[cutaneous and soft skin infections due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria].the frequency of isolation as well as the number of species of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) has increased in the last years. nearly every pathogenic species of ntm may cause skin and soft tissue infections, but rapidly growing mycobacteria (mycobacterium fortuitum, mycobacterium chelonae and mycobacterium abscessus), mycobacterium marinum and mycobacterium ulcerans are the most commonly involved. many of these cutaneous mycobacteriosis, such as rapidly growing mycobacteria, m. marinum, myc ...201020172423
host immune response to rapidly growing mycobacteria, an emerging cause of chronic lung disease.rapidly growing mycobacteria (rgm) are environmental organisms classified under the broader category of nontuberculous mycobacteria. the most common rgm to cause human diseases are mycobacterium abscessus, mycobacterium chelonae, mycobacterium fortuitum, and mycobacterium massiliense. infections due to the rgm are an emerging health problem in the united states. chronic pulmonary disease and skin/soft-tissue infections are the two most common disorders due to these organisms. clinical outcomes i ...201020081053
[follow-up on an outbreak in venezuela of soft-tissue infection due to mycobacterium abscessus associated with mesotherapy].skin and soft tissue infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (nmt) are reported to be associated with injections, liposuction, plastic surgery, and acupuncture. herein, we describe an outbreak of soft tissue infection due to nmt following mesotherapy, a cosmetic procedure involving injection of poorly defined mixtures alleged to reduce local adiposity.201020106554
high efficacy of clofazimine and its synergistic effect with amikacin against rapidly growing mycobacteria.the aim of this study was to determine whether clofazimine, dapsone and cycloserine may be suitable antimicrobial agents for the treatment of infections due to rapidly growing mycobacteria (rgm). the antimicrobial activity of the three drugs against 117 mycobacterium abscessus isolates, 48 mycobacterium fortuitum isolates and 20 mycobacterium chelonae isolates was evaluated based on their broth microdilution minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) against the isolates. clofazimine was highly ef ...201020138481
[clinical analysis of mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary infection in our hospital].we analyzed the clinical characteristics of pulmonary infection due to mycobacterium abscessus.201020143670
a case of chronic otitis media caused by mycobacterium abscessus.although it appears very uncommon in adult com, mycobacterium abscessus should be considered as a possible cause of a chronically draining ear. multi-antibiotic chemotherapy including high-dose clarithromycin can effectively treat adult com cased by m. abscessus. the first case report of adult chronic otitis media (com) caused by m. abscessus is described here. a 61-year-old woman presented persistent otorrhea for 2 months, despite treatment with standard antimicrobial drugs. physical examinatio ...201020206453
utility of high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of mycolic acids and partial 16s rrna gene sequencing for routine identification of mycobacterium spp. in a national reference laboratory.high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of mycolic acids and partial gene sequencing for the first 500-bp 5' end of the 16s rrna gene were used singularly and in combination to evaluate the final identification of species. examination of 200 cultures revealed 100 strains of slowly growing mycobacteria (sgm), 91 strains of rapidly growing mycobacteria (rgm), and 9 strains of other genera. sgm were discriminated in complexes with both methods for 56 strains, composed primarily of the mycob ...201020466195
[three cases of panniculitis due to mycobacterium abscessus after mesotherapy]. 201020223169
in vitro antimicrobial activities of capuramycin analogues against non-tuberculous mycobacteria.to determine antibacterial activity of capuramycin analogues sq997, sq922, sq641 and rks2244 against several non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm).201020952419
[a case of pulmonary mycobacterium abscessus disease complicated with esophago-pulmonary fistula causing repeated exacerbation].we report a case of fatal pulmonary infection caused by mycobacterium abscessus in a middle-aged patient with acquired esophago-pulmonary fistula which contributed to repeated exacerbation. acquired benign esophago-pulmonary fistula is uncommon. after a 55-year-old woman was diagnosed with pulmonary mycobacterium avium disease in 1989 and improved with multidrug chemotherapy, she developed pulmonary m. abscessus in 2001. despite multi-drug treatment, she suffered repeated exacerbation and her co ...201020954373
assessment of infection risks prior to lung transplantation.purpose of this review: infections are major causes of morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation. pretransplant evaluation can identify patients at risk of infectious complications and guide prophylactic strategies post transplantation. this review focuses on studies published from 2006 to the present that relate to the assessment of risk of infection prior to lung transplantation. recent findings: pretransplant airways colonization with pseudomonas, burkholderia, nontuberculosis mycoba ...201020847696
the use of quaternary ammonium disinfectants selects for persisters at high frequency from some species of non-tuberculous mycobacteria and may be associated with outbreaks of soft tissue infections.non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) are increasingly important as opportunistic infections after major and minor surgical procedures, likely because they are ubiquitous and not effectively killed by many commonly used disinfectants. outbreaks of soft tissue infections with ntm appeared related to the use of commercial disinfectants based on quaternary ammonium compounds (qacs).201020926395
clarithromycin and amikacin vs. clarithromycin and moxifloxacin for the treatment of post-acupuncture cutaneous infections due to mycobacterium abscessus: a prospective observational study.clin microbiol infect abstract: an outbreak of post-acupuncture cutaneous infections due to mycobacterium abscessus occurred in ansan, korea, from november 2007 through to may 2008. during this time a prospective, observational, non-randomized study was conducted involving 52 patients that were diagnosed with cutaneous m. abscessus infection. we compared the clinical response between patients treated with clarithromycin plus amikacin regimen and those treated with clarithromycin plus moxifloxaci ...201020946409
mycobacterium abscessus infection in transplant recipients.mycobacterium abscessus is a ubiquitous, rapidly growing mycobacterium that colonizes organic surfaces. it is a potential pathogen, especially in immunosuppressed patients, including transplant recipients in whom disease can range from localized cutaneous lesions to disseminated infections. the purpose of this study was to describe the 12-year impact from january 1997 to december 2009 of m. abscessus infection among solid organ and bone marrow transplantations performed in adults and children.201020970610
proposal that the two species mycobacterium massiliense and mycobacterium bolletii be reclassified as mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii comb. nov., designation of mycobacterium abscessus subsp. abscessus subsp. nov., and emendation of mycobacterium abscessus.the names 'mycobacterium abscessus subsp. abscessus' and 'm. abscessus subsp. massiliense', proposed by leao et al. 2009, cannot be validly published. the purpose of this note is to provide a description in accordance with the rules of the bacteriological code (1990 revision). moreover, the proposal of the name 'm. abscessus subsp. massiliense' is contrary to the rule 38 and the correct name of this taxon, at the rank of subspecies is m. abscessus subsp. bolletii.201021037035
non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections of the skin: a retrospective study of 29 cases.the incidence of infections caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria has increased in recent years, due to a rise in dermatological procedures and a greater prevalence of immunosuppression in the general population. this study investigated the clinical and microbiological findings of non-tuberculous mycobacterial skin infections. the study population included 29 patients from whom non-tuberculous mycobacteria were cultured after isolation from skin biopsy materials, cutaneous abscesses or exudates ...201021039785
chronic fistulas after breast augmentation secondary to mycobacterium abscessus. 201020595845
mycobacterium abscessus corneal ulcer following sutured clear corneal cataract incision. 201021052916
clinical outcome of mycobacterium abscessus infection and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.mycobacterium abscessus is the most resistant and rapidly growing mycobacterium and causes a wide range of clinical infectious diseases. the relationship between antimicrobial susceptibility and clinical outcome needs to be further evaluated.201021075707
diversity of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of mycobacterium abscessus type 2 clinical isolates.an epidemic of infections by rapidly growing mycobacteria related to surgical procedures between 2004 and 2008 in brazil was caused by a unique strain showing the mycobacterium abscessus type 2 pattern when it was analyzed by the molecular method of pcr-restriction enzyme analysis of the hsp65 gene (pra-hsp65). in order to investigate the diversity of m. abscessus type 2 clinical isolates and to assess whether this epidemic strain was present in specimens from nonsurgical patients, we studied 52 ...201021084521
mycobacterium abscessus hand infections in immunocompetent fish handlers: case report.mycobacterium abscessus hand infections are rare and usually occur in immunocompromised patients or after injection with contaminated injectables. this article describes 2 cases of m abscessus infection of the hand in otherwise healthy fish handlers. mycobacterium abscessus can cause severe chronic tenosynovitis even in immunocompetent patients and should be suspected alongside the more common m marinum as a cause of nontuberculous mycobacterial hand infections in patients with aquatic and fish ...201020610060
molecular epidemiology of mycobacterium abscessus infections in a subtropical chronic ventilatory setting.the aim of this study was to investigate the high level of pulmonary mycobacterium abscessus infections and implement a surveillance programme among 43 ventilator-dependent patients, 15 with pulmonary m. abscessus infections, in a hospital long-term respiratory care ward (rcw) in central taiwan. m. abscessus isolates were obtained from 35 patients in the rcw of hospital a, 6 patients in the rcws of another three hospitals (b, c and d), and from 4 water sources in two of the hospitals (a and b). ...201020616186
antibiotic susceptibility pattern of rapidly growing mycobacteria.the rapidly growing mycobacteria (rgm) causing human infections primarily consist of the mycobacterium fortuitum group, mycobacterium abscessus and mycobacterium chelonae. the antibiotic susceptibility testing is important to determine the appropriate therapy as the antibiotics used to treat rgm are different from those used for treating infections caused by slow growers of mycobacteria.201020622384
[pathological study of mycobacterium abscessus keratitis].to characterize the cytopathology, histopathology, immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural organization features of mycobacterium abscessus keratitis.201021092563
the peptidoglycan of mycobacterium abscessus is predominantly cross-linked by l,d-transpeptidases.few therapeutic alternatives remain for the treatment of infections due to multiresistant mycobacterium abscessus. here we show that the peptidoglycans of the "rough" and "smooth" morphotypes contain predominantly 3→3 cross-links generated by l,d-transpeptidases, indicating that these enzymes are attractive targets for the development of efficient drugs.201021097619
multilocus sequence analysis and rpob sequencing of mycobacterium abscessus (sensu lato) strains.mycobacterium abscessus, mycobacterium bolletii, and mycobacterium massiliense (mycobacterium abscessus sensu lato) are closely related species that currently are identified by the sequencing of the rpob gene. however, recent studies show that rpob sequencing alone is insufficient to discriminate between these species, and some authors have questioned their current taxonomic classification. we studied here a large collection of m. abscessus (sensu lato) strains by partial rpob sequencing (752 bp ...201021106786
comparison of real-time polymerase chain reaction and conventional biochemical methods for identification of mycobacterium chelonae-mycobacterium abscessus group to the species level.the mycobacterium chelonae-mycobacterium abscessus group (mcag) is the most common cause of infections because of rapidly growing mycobacteria. rapid identification of mcag to the species level is essential for choosing empiric antibiotic treatment and for public health measures. in this study, we compared the performance of a single-tube multiplex, real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay to 3 biochemical tests for species-level identification of 46 mcag isolates. we show that real-time ...201020638600
diagnosis of endocarditis caused by mycobacterium abscessus.we report a fatal case of native valve endocarditis due to mycobacterium abscessus in a hemodialysis patient. the diagnosis was based on culture isolation of acid-fast bacilli from peripheral blood and a permanent catheter tip, and their identification as m abscessus by a reverse hybridization-based assay and direct dna sequencing of the 16s-23s internal transcribed spacer region. rapid diagnosis and combination therapy are essential to minimize mortality due to this pathogen. although combinati ...201020697162
characterization and identification of distinct mycobacterium massiliense extracellular proteins from those of mycobacterium abscessus.mycobacterium massiliense is an emerging pathogen and very similar to mycobacterium abscessus of rapidly growing mycobacteria in the phenotype and genotype. pathogenic bacteria secrete a diversity of factors into extracellular medium which contribute to the bacterial pathogenicity. in the present study, we performed the comparative proteome analysis of culture filtrate proteins from a clinical isolate of m. massiliense and m. abscessus strains using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and liquid ...201020799093
an oxidative environment promotes growth of mycobacterium abscessus.mycobacterium abscessus infections, particularly those causing chronic lung diseases, are becoming more prevalent worldwide. m. abscessus infections are difficult to treat because of antibiotic resistance. thus, new treatment options are urgently needed. m. abscessus is an intracellular pathogen that primarily infects macrophages and fibroblasts. because this bacterium has only recently been identified as a separate species, very little is known about m. abscessus-host interactions and how m. ab ...201020807564
assessment of clarithromycin susceptibility in strains belonging to the mycobacterium abscessus group by erm(41) and rrl sequencing.clarithromycin was the drug of choice for mycobacterium abscessus infections until inducible resistance due to erm(41) was described. because m. abscessus was split into m. abscessus sensu stricto, mycobacterium massiliense, and mycobacterium bolletii, we looked for erm(41) in the three species and determined their clarithromycin susceptibility levels. ninety strains were included: 87 clinical strains from cystic fibrosis patients (61%) and others (39%), representing 43 m. abscessus, 30 m. massi ...201021135185
efficient differentiation of mycobacterium abscessus complex isolates to the species level by a novel pcr-based variable-number tandem-repeat assay.a novel duplex pcr method based on variable-number tandem-repeat targets to discriminate among mycobacterium abscessus complex isolates was developed and evaluated in 85 clinical isolates. the assay accuracy was confirmed by a multiple-target sequence analysis. the duplex pcr assay is a one-step, reliable, and accurate assay for discriminating m. abscessus species.201021177894
mycobacterium abscessus infection complicating a professional tattoo.a healthy 23-year-old man presented with a tender papular eruption confined to the grey pigment of a recently acquired professional tattoo. atypical mycobacterial infection was suspected and culture of a tissue specimen grew mycobacterium abscessus. he was successfully treated with minocycline and subsequently, clarithromycin. we present a brief review of m. abscessus infection, with a particular focus on its role in nosocomial infections and in the post-tattoo setting.201021198529
laboratory maintenance of mycobacterium abscessus.mycobacterium abscessus, is an emerging, rapidly growing pathogen, with the ability to cause chronic lung disease. this unit covers background information and laboratory maintenance procedures for this bacterium, including growth in liquid and on solid medium. it also contains recommendations concerning long-term strain storage. m. abscessus is a biosafety level 2 organism, and the required safety measures are also discussed.201020812213
genetic manipulation of mycobacterium abscessus.this unit covers genetic manipulation protocols for m. abscessus, including nucleic acid extraction (plasmid dna, genomic dna, and rna), transformation, and a recombineering mutagenesis method. m. abscessus is a biosafety level 2 (bsl-2) bacterium, and working considerations are also discussed.201020812214
rare complication after stripping operation: a case report of mycobacterium abscessus infection.mycobacterium abscessus is an acid-fast nontuberculous mycobacterium that grows rapidly in culture. the organism is found in dust, soil, and water and after trauma, it may infect skin and soft tissue. the organism is rarely found in humans, and infections occurring after cardiovascular surgery are rare clinical events. to our knowledge, only a few cases of hemodialysis arteriovenous graft infection and endocarditis caused by m. abscessus have been described. we reported a first case of patient w ...201023555416
an unusual surgical site infection in a liver transplant recipient.mycobacterium abscessus is a rare cause of human infection and is difficult to diagnose unless it is suspected. a 45-year-old woman underwent deceased donor liver transplantation following which she developed non-healing surgical site infection, which did not resolve with routine antibiotics for 2 months. the scraping of the wound revealed m abscessus infection. definitive identification of this species of mycobacterium was possible by its growth characteristics on culture and reverse line blot ...201022778369
overexpression of proinflammatory tlr-2-signalling lipoproteins in hypervirulent mycobacterial variants.changes in the cell envelope composition of mycobacteria cause major changes in cytokine profiles of infected antigen presenting cells. we describe here the modulation of inflammatory responses by mycobacterium abscessus, an emerging pathogen in cystic fibrosis. m. abscessus is able to switch from a smooth (s) to a rough (r) morphotype by the loss of a surface glycopeptidolipid. r variants are associated with severe clinical forms and a 'hyper-proinflammatory' response in ex vivo and in vivo mod ...201121143571
successfully treated mycobacterium abscessus mastitis: a rare cause of breast masses.rapidly growing mycobacteria are pathogens responsible for cutaneous or subcutaneous infections especially occurring after injection, trauma or surgery. we describe a patient with mycobacterium abscessus mastitis that presented as a mass lesion and haemorrhagical discharge. it was initially diagnosed and treated as fibrocystic disease and non-specific abscess. full recovery was obtained with combination therapy of clarithromycin, linezolid and amikacin without surgical debridement followed by se ...201122120809
Comparative study with two different enrichments in the culture media used in the disinfectant efficacy assay.Recent changes in Brazilian legislation for commercial disinfectants have been published due to the recent epidemic of nosocomial infections caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) in many states of Brazil over the last 8years. One of these documents requires that all the manufacturers provide evidence of efficacy of sterilizing and disinfectant products, used for semi critical medical devices, against the Mycobacterium bovis BCG Moreau and Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii INCQS 0059 ...201122197720
disseminated mycobacterium abscessus infection and showerheads, taiwan. 201122099106
evaluation of infections in the lung transplant patient.purpose of review: infections in lung transplant recipients (ltrs) are a serious complication that is associated with high mortality. early and accurate diagnosis is critical in the management of these infections in order to achieve improved outcomes. this review focuses on studies published in the last 2 years related to the evaluation and management of infections following lung transplantation. recent findings: valganciclovir is well tolerated and effective for long-term cytomegalovirus prophy ...201122123666
[disseminated infection due to mycobacterium abscessus in an hiv-infected patient]. 201121981938
Mycobacterium abscessus activates the NLRP3 inflammasome via Dectin-1-Syk and p62/SQSTM1.Numerous atypical mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium abscessus (Mabc), cause nontuberculous mycobacterial infections, which present a serious public health threat. Inflammasome activation is involved in host defense and the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. However, inflammasome activation has not been widely characterized in human macrophages infected with atypical mycobacteria. Here, we demonstrate that Mabc robustly activates the nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain-like recept ...201121876553
expanding the mycobacterial diversity of metalworking fluids (mwfs): evidence showing mwf colonization by mycobacterium abscessus.nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) have been associated with hypersensitivity pneumonitis in machinists. only two species of ntm, namely mycobacterium immunogenum and mycobacterium chelonae, have been reported thus far to have the ability to colonize contaminated metalworking fluids (mwfs). here, we report, for the first time, the presence and characterization (phenotypic and genotypic) of a third species, mycobacterium abscessus, colonizing these harsh alkaline machining fluids. two mycobacteriu ...201122092754
Identification and treatment of nontuberculous Mycobacterium sinusitis.The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence of atypical Mycobacterium identified by routine sinus cultures and review the recent literature on management.201122185748
rapid growing mycobacteria and tnf-α blockers: case report of a fatal lung infection with mycobacterium abscessus in a patient treated with infliximab, and literature review.rapid growing mycobacteria pose as a serious emerging threat for patients treated with tnf-α blockers. we report a case of a progressive and fatal pulmonary infection with m. abscessus in a patient previously treated with infliximab for crohn's disease and review seven other previously reported patients. five out of eight patients were female. the patients were treated with either anti-tnf-α antibodies or tnf-α blocking receptor. the diagnosis of rgm came in the first 6 months after initiation o ...201121906433
[Diagnosis and treatment of atypical mycobacterial infections of the respiratory tract].INTRODUCTION: Non tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), unlike tuberculous mycobacteria, are not strictly human pathogens. The diagnosis of infection and the choice of treatment remain difficult. BACKGROUND: Evidence of a NTM in a pulmonary sample is not synonymous with infection. The diagnosis depends on the association of clinical, radiological and microbiological factors. If a NTM is isolated from a respiratory sample, the probability of infection depends on the species. The main NTMs responsible f ...201122152937
Antibacterial activities of dendritic amphiphiles against nontuberculous mycobacteria.The anti-mycobacterial activities of nine series of dicarboxyl and tricarboxyl dendritic amphiphiles with one alkyl, two alkyl, and cholestanyl tails against Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium chelonae, Mycobacterium marinum and Mycobacterium smegmatis have been measured. The dendritic amphiphiles overcame the limited aqueous solubility of natural long-chain fatty acids, alcohols, and amines to enable profiling the susceptibilities of the different mycobacterial species ...201122209468
multifocal infection of mycobacterium other than tuberculosis mimicking a soft tissue tumor of the extremity.mycobacterium other than tuberculosis infections rarely develop in healthy individuals, but direct inoculation such as contaminated acupuncture can cause mycobacteriosis even in an immunocompetent host. a 56-year-old woman gradually developed pain on the anterior aspect of the left knee and the distal thigh after hiking without trauma. she received acupuncture for 3 consecutive days on the bilateral knees at the suprapatellar and infrapopliteal areas. after acupuncture, mild localized heat and p ...201122146217
conditional gene expression in mycobacterium abscessus.mycobacterium abscessus is an emerging human pathogen responsible for lung infections, skin and soft-tissue infections and disseminated infections in immunocompromised patients. it may exist either as a smooth (s) or rough (r) morphotype, the latter being associated with increased pathogenicity in various models. genetic tools for homologous recombination and conditional gene expression are desperately needed to allow the study of m. abscessus virulence. however, descriptions of knock-out (ko) m ...201122195042
mycobacterium abscessus glycopeptidolipid prevents respiratory epithelial tlr2 signaling as measured by hβd2 gene expression and il-8 release.mycobacterium abscessus has emerged as an important cause of lung infection, particularly in patients with bronchiectasis. innate immune responses must be highly effective at preventing infection with m. abscessus because it is a ubiquitous environmental saprophyte and normal hosts are not commonly infected. m. abscessus exists as either a glycopeptidolipid (gpl) expressing variant (smooth phenotype) in which gpl masks underlying bioactive cell wall lipids, or as a variant lacking gpl which is i ...201122216191
molecular identification and typing of mycobacterium massiliense isolated from postsurgical infections in brazil.one hundred thirty-one cases of postsurgical infections were reported in southern region of brazil between august 2007 and january 2008. thirty-nine (29.8%) cases were studied; this report describes epidemiological findings, species identification, antimicrobial susceptibility and clonal diversity of rapidly growing mycobacteria isolated in this outbreak.201122230849
outcomes in patients with mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary disease treated with long-term injectable drugs.the ats (american thoracic society) has recommended periodic administration of multidrug therapy, including a macrolide and one or more parenteral agents or a combination of parenteral agents, over 2-4 months, for treatment of mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary disease. however, there is little hard evidence supporting these guidelines, and treatment outcomes have not yet been reported.201121211956
the clinical course of rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterial peritoneal dialysis infections in asians: a case series and literature review.peritoneal dialysis (pd)-related infections due to rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium (rgntm) are rare in asians and have variable clinical outcomes.201121272129
clinical and microbiologic outcomes in patients receiving treatment for mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary disease.mycobacterium abscessus can produce a chronic pulmonary infection for which little is known regarding optimal treatment and long-term outcomes.201121292659
the talking mycobacterium abscessus blues. 201121292660
deletion of the mmpl4b gene in the mycobacterium abscessus glycopeptidolipid biosynthetic pathway results in loss of surface colonization capability, but enhanced ability to replicate in human macrophages and stimulate their innate immune response.mycobacterium abscessus is considered to be the most virulent of the rapidly growing mycobacteria. generation of bacterial gene knockout mutants has been a useful tool for studying factors that contribute to virulence of pathogenic bacteria. until recently, the optimal genetic approach to generation of m. abscessus gene knockout mutants was not clear. based on the recent identification of genetic recombineering as the preferred approach, a m. abscessus mutant was generated in which the gene mmpl ...201121292749
immunohistochemical and taqman real-time pcr detection of mycobacterial infections in fish.real-time pcr and immunohistochemistry (ihc) assays were developed to detect fish mycobacterial infections at the genus level, based on the rna polymerase ß subunit (rpob) gene and polyclonal anti-mycobacterium rabbit serum, respectively. the pcr assay positively identified a number of pathogenic mycobacteria including mycobacterium abscessus, m. avium ssp. avium, m. bohemicum, m. chelonae ssp. chelonae, m. farcinogenes, m. flavescens, m. fortuitum ssp. fortuitum, m. gastri, m. gordonae, m. immu ...201121306590
clinical significance of mycobacterium abscessus isolates at a medical center in northern taiwan. 201121855429
development of multiplex pcr assays based on the 16s-23s rrna internal transcribed spacer for the detection of clinically relevant nontuberculous mycobacteria.to accelerate the identification and differentiation of clinically relevant nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) with two sets of multiplex pcr (mpcr) targeting the 16s-23s rrna internal transcribed spacer (its) region for timely patient management.201121395629
[mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary infection treated with tigecyclin-amikacin and cefoxitin in a diabetic patient]. 201121435808
identification of antimicrobial activity among fda-approved drugs for combating mycobacterium abscessus and mycobacterium chelonae.objectives rapidly growing mycobacteria have long been neglected in drug discovery efforts and this neglect is reflected in the paucity of therapeutic options available for diseases resulting from these infections. the purpose of this work is to identify new candidate drugs for treating non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) by testing fda-approved drugs for antimicrobial activity against mycobacterium abscessus and mycobacterium chelonae, two emerging ntm drug-resistant pathogens. methods in this s ...201121486854
cutaneous mycobacterium abscessus infection associated with mesotherapy injection.non-tuberculous mycobacterial skin infections have an increasing incidence. in immunocompetent patients, they usually follow local trauma. we present a case of cutaneous mycobacterium abscessus infection following mesotherapy. the lesions were successfully treated with a combination of clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and doxycycline. atypical mycobacterial infection should be suspected in patients who develop late-onset skin and soft tissue infection after cutaneous injury, injection, and surgica ...201121487459
demonstration of cord formation by rough mycobacterium abscessus variants: implications for the clinical microbiology laboratory.in low-income countries some infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria are misdiagnosed as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. in most of these settings the observation of microscopic cords is the only technique used to identify mycobacterium tuberculosis in the laboratory. in this article we definitively demonstrate that mycobacterium abscessus, an emerging pulmonary pathogen, also forms microscopic cords.201121490192
diagnostic value of an enzyme-linked immunospot assay for interferon-γ in cutaneous tuberculosis.the aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an enzyme-linked immunospot (elispot) assay (t-spot.tb; oxford immunotec, oxford, uk) for interferon-γ in patients with suspected cutaneous tuberculosis (tb). from march 2007 to june 2010, a total of 45 patients with suspected cutaneous tb were enrolled. data on clinical characteristics of the patients and conventional laboratory results were collected, and blood samples were obtained for elispot assay. ten subjects (22.2%) had ...201121513844
disseminated mycobacterium abscessus infection in an aids patient. 201121552751
the cost of medical management of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease in ontario, canada.treatment of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (ntm) infection is complex, requiring multiple antibiotics and a prolonged treatment course. we determined the monthly cost of treating patients with pulmonary ntm infections in our clinic, a tertiary care centre in toronto, ontario, canada. we reviewed records of a single clinic at the university health network (toronto) for all patients with pulmonary ntm isolates. pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment costs were calculated using a ...201120817704
an outbreak of cutaneous infection due to mycobacterium abscessus associated to mesotherapy.in february 2009 an outbreak of subcutaneous abscesses due to mycobacterium abscessus was detected in spain which affected healthy women who had undergone mesotherapy procedures in an aesthetic clinic.201121684045
azithromycin blocks autophagy and may predispose cystic fibrosis patients to mycobacterial infection.azithromycin is a potent macrolide antibiotic with poorly understood antiinflammatory properties. long-term use of azithromycin in patients with chronic inflammatory lung diseases, such as cystic fibrosis (cf), results in improved outcomes. paradoxically, a recent study reported that azithromycin use in patients with cf is associated with increased infection with nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm). here, we confirm that long-term azithromycin use by adults with cf is associated with the developme ...201121804191
[inhaled antibiotic therapy in cystic fibrosis].cystic fibrosis is the most frequent fatal genetically-transmitted disease among caucasians. chronic bronchial infection, especially by pseudomonas aeruginosa, is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in this disease. aerosolized antibiotic therapy achieves high drug concentrations in the airway with low toxicity, allowing chronic use. currently, two antibiotics have been approved for inhalation therapy, tobramycin inhalation solution and colistimethate sodium aerosol. there is less evidence ...201121703474
diagnosis of pulmonary disease caused by mycobacterium abscessus: a case report.mycobacterium abscessus (m. abscessus) is a non-tuberculous mycobacterium and an important emerging pathogen causing skin, soft tissue and pulmonary infections. the case of a 59-year-old man with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) and current pulmonary infection due to m. abscessus, complicated with pneumocardial disease and bronchiectasis, is described. zhiel-neelsen stain and acid lowenstein-jensen culture were both positive for acid-fast bacillus. the patient was initially misdiagnosed ...201121819731
[a case of pulmonary mycobacterium abscessus infection with asbestosis in a patient given multidisciplinary treatment].a 68-year-old man consulted our hospital because of a giant cavity in the upper lobe of the right lung, which was detected in a medical examination for asbestosis. mycobacterium abscessus was cultured from his sputum in 2 separate cultures. therefore we diagnosed pulmonary mycobacterium abscessus infection and prescribed amikacin, imipenem/cilastatin, and clarithromycin. after 2 months, lobectomy of the upper lobe of the right lung was performed. the 3 antibiotics were continued for another 6 mo ...201121688648
Detection of Mycobacterium abscessus from blood cultures during treatment of interstitial pneumonia: a case study.A 76-year-old male diagnosed with interstitial pneumonia in December 2002 was treated with a steroid in a nearby hospital. Exacerbation of infectious pneumonitis and interstitial pneumonia required complementary inpatient treatment in August 2007. Although polymerase chain reaction examination of expectorated sputa revealed the absence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. avium, and M. intracellulare on admission, nontuberculous M. abscessus was detected in the routine blood cultures. Taken togethe ...201122111302
septic arthritis caused by mycobacterium fortuitum and mycobacterium abscessus in a prosthetic knee joint: case report and review of literature.nontuberculous mycobacterium (ntm) is an infrequent cause of prosthetic knee joint infections. simultaneous infection with different ntm species in a prosthetic knee joint has not been previously reported. a case of prosthetic knee joint infection caused by mycobacterium abscessus and m. fortuitum is described in this report. the patient was successfully treated with adequate antibiotics and surgery. the clinical features of sixteen previously reported cases of prosthetic knee joint infection ca ...201121963746
genetic analysis of new 16s rrna mutations conferring aminoglycoside resistance in mycobacterium abscessus.we studied the development and fitness cost of 2-deoxystreptamine aminoglycoside resistance of mycobacterium abscessus.201121652621
mycobacterium abscessus bacteremia in an immunocompetent patient following a coronary artery bypass graft.sternal osteomyelitis with bacteremia due to mycobacterium abscessus is rarely seen in immunocompetent hosts. routine pyogenic cultures in these cases are often negative causing a delay in diagnosis and treatment. clinicians and microbiologists should rule out the possibility of infection due to nontuberculous mycobacteria while managing cases of nonhealing culture-negative wounds with conventional antibiotic therapy. we report a case of bacteremia secondary to a nonhealing sternal wound due to ...201121716760
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