Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| neurotropic bovine astrovirus-associated encephalitis: an underdiagnosed disease in south america? | we describe a case of neurotropic bovine astrovirus-associated encephalitis in a jersey dairy cow from the department of san josé, uruguay. this represents the second case of this condition reported in the southern hemisphere. the cow was the only one affected in a herd of 70 cows, showing neurological signs with a 2-day clinical course, before dying spontaneously. histopathological examination revealed lymphocytic, histiocytic, and plasmacytic meningoencephalitis with neuronal necrosis, without ... | 2021 | 34148730 |
| probiotics bacillus toyonensis and saccharomyces boulardii improve the vaccine immune response to bovine herpesvirus type 5 in sheep. | there have been significant efforts toward the development of more efficient vaccines for animal health. a strategy that may be used to improve vaccine efficacy is the use of probiotics. bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5) is an example of an important animal pathogen for which vaccines have provided only limited protection. in this study, we examined the use of the probiotics bacillus toyonensis and saccharomyces boulardii as a potential immune modulator to improve vaccine efficiency. thirty, 5-month ... | 2017 | 29331687 |
| inhibition of apoptosis in bhv-1-infected cells depends on us3 serine/threonine kinase and its enzymatic activity. | us3 protein is a serine/threonine kinase conserved within the alphaherpesvirinae subfamily of herpesviruses. the us3 homologs of herpes simplex virus, pseudorabies virus, and bovine herpesvirus type 5 have been shown to block apoptosis triggered by viral infection or exogenous inducers. to determine whether these characteristics are shared by bovine herpesvirus type 1 us3, we constructed two viral mutants: bhv-1 us3 deletion mutant (bhv-1δus3) and a kinase-dead mutant (bhv-1kd). flow cytometry a ... | 2018 | 29073463 |
| bacillus toyonensis improves immune response in the mice vaccinated with recombinant antigen of bovine herpesvirus type 5. | probiotics modulate the immune response and can increase the effectiveness of vaccines. bacillus toyonensis is widely used as a probiotic in animal feed. the aim of this study was to assess the effects of b. toyonensis administration on the immune response to an experimental recombinant vaccine against bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) in mice. mice were vaccinated with bohv-5 recombinant glycoprotein d and supplemented with the probiotic b. toyonensis in two regimes: one group received the pro ... | 2018 | 29022386 |
| evidence of natural interspecific recombinant viruses between bovine alphaherpesviruses 1 and 5. | closely related bovine alphaherpesviruses 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5) co-circulate in certain countries, rendering cattle co-infection possible. this is a prerequisite for bohv recombination. here, we report the first identification of homologous recombination between field isolates of bohv-1 and bohv-5, two alphaherpesviruses belonging to two distinct species with an average genomic similarity of 82.3%. three isolates of bohv-5, previously classified as subtype "bohv-5b", were phylogenetically st ... | 2017 | 28963062 |
| susceptibility of mice to bovine herpesvirus type 5 infection in the central nervous system. | bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) is an important pathogen that causes meningoencephalitis in cattle. few studies have used the mouse as a model for bohv-5 infection. despite the fact that bohv-5 can infect mice with immune deficiencies, little is known about viral replication, immune response, and the course of infection in the central nervous system (cns) of wild-type mice. therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the response in the cns of balb/c mice acutely infected with bohv-5 at ... | 2017 | 28942490 |
| expression of mir-155 associated with toll-like receptors 3, 7, and 9 transcription in the olfactory bulbs of cattle naturally infected with bhv5. | bovine herpesvirus 5 (bhv5) infection of young cattle is frequently associated with fatal neurological disease and, as such, represents an attractive model for studying the pathogenesis of viral-induced meningoencephalitis. following replication in the nasal mucosa, bhv5 invades the central nervous system (cns) mainly through the olfactory pathway. the innate immune response triggered by the host face to virus replication through the olfactory route is poorly understood. recently, an upregulatio ... | 2017 | 28831740 |
| prevalence of bovine herpesvirus type 4 in aborting dairy cows. | bovine herpesvirus type 4 (bhv-4) is related to many different conditions: infertility, postpartal metritis, vulvovaginitis, mastitis, encephalitis, calf pneumonia, keratoconjunctivitis, cutaneous lesions, digital dermatitis and abortion. in this study a retrospective pcr examination of 100 extracted dna samples from aborting cows was performed in order to determine: prevalence of bhv-4 in abortive cattle, whether coinfections bhv-4 with other abortifacient pathogens are present in the same samp ... | 2016 | 28092611 |
| genome sequence of bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1 (buhv1) isolated in australia in 1972. | bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1 (buhv1) is a member of the family herpesviridae, subfamily alphaherpesvirinae, genus varicellovirus. to date, no full genome sequence of buhv has been published. here, we report the complete genome sequence of bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1 (buhv1) strain b6 (buhv1-b6), isolated from a water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) in 1972 in australia. the virus was multiplied in mdbk cells, and the dna was extracted and subjected to high-throughput sequencing. the reads were aligned ... | 2017 | 28063080 |
| cellular response markers and cytokine gene expression in the central nervous system of cattle naturally infected with bovine herpesvirus 5. | the present study reports an investigation on the phenotype of inflammatory and immune cells, cytokine and viral gene expression in the brains of cattle naturally infected with bovine herpesvirus 5 (bhv5). brain sections of 38 affected animals were analysed for the nature and extent of perivascular cuffs in the virchow-robin space and parenchyma. histopathological changes were severe in the olfactory bulbs (obs), hippocampus, piriform, frontal, temporal and parietal cortices/lobes and were chara ... | 2016 | 27938713 |
| the latency related gene of bovine herpesvirus types 1 and 5 and its modulation of cellular processes. | bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bohv-1) and bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) are important pathogens of cattle. the diseases they produce are quite different, with bohv-5 being more neuropathogenic than bohv-1 which mainly induces respiratory symptoms. the sequencing of the entire bohv-5 genome has shown that most of the differences between these viruses are found in the immediate early and lr (latency related) genes. the lr gene is the only viral gene abundantly expressed in latently infected neur ... | 2016 | 27659677 |
| role of the suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (socs2) during meningoencephalitis caused by bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5). | the role of suppressors of cytokine signaling (socs) in meningoencephalitis caused by bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5) was evaluated by intracranial infection in c57bl/6 wild-type mice (wt) and socs2 deficient mice (socs2(-/-)). both infected groups presented weight loss, ruffled fur and hunched posture. additionally, infected socs2(-/-) mice showed swollen chamfer and progressive depression. infected wt animals developed mild meningitis, characterized by infiltration of mononuclear cells. moreover ... | 2016 | 27477504 |
| bovine herpesviruses induce different cell death forms in neuronal and glial-derived tumor cell cultures. | oncolytic viruses have the ability to infect tumor cells and leave healthy cells intact. in this study, bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1; los angeles, cooper, and sv56/90 strains) and bovine herpesvirus 5 (bhv5; sv507/99 and gu9457818 strains) were used to infect two neuronal tumor cell lineages: neuro2a (mouse neuroblastoma cells) and c6 (rat glial cells). bhv1 and bhv5 strains infected both cell lines and positively correlated with viral antigen detection (p < 0.005). when neuro2a cells were infecte ... | 2016 | 27311457 |
| comparison between dna detection in trigeminal nerve ganglia and serology to detect cattle infected with bovine herpesviruses types 1 and 5. | bovine herpesviruses (bohvs) types 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5) are alphaherpesviruses of major importance to the bovine production chain. such viruses are capable of establishing latent infections in neuronal tissues. infected animals tend to develop a serological response to infection; however, such response-usually investigated by antibody assays in serum-may eventually not be detected in laboratory assays. nevertheless, serological tests such as virus neutralization (vn) and various enzyme-link ... | 2016 | 27224314 |
| development of an indirect elisa for serological diagnosis of bovine herpesvirus 5. | bovine herpesviruses 1 and 5 (bohv-1 and bohv-5) are economically important pathogens, associated with a variety of clinical syndromes, including respiratory and genital disease, reproductive failure and meningoencephalitis. the standard serological assay to diagnose bohv-1 and bohv-5 infections is the virus neutralization test (vnt), a time consuming procedure that requires manipulation of infectious virus. in the present study a highly sensitive and specific single dilution indirect elisa was ... | 2016 | 26866923 |
| search for the genome of bovine herpesvirus types 1, 4 and 5 in bovine semen. | bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bohv-1) causes respiratory and reproductive disorders in cattle. recently, bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) and bovine herpesvirus type 4 (bohv-4) have been identified to be associated with genital disease. in this study, the presence of the genome of bohv-1, bohv-4 and bohv-5 in bovine semen of argentinean and international origin was analyzed by pcr assays. the most important finding of this study is the detection of the genome of bohv-1 and bohv-4 in semen of bull ... | 2013 | 26623325 |
| role of bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) in diseases of cattle. recent findings on bohv-5 association with genital disease. | bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) belongs to the family herpesviridae, subfamily alphaherpesvirinae, genus varicellovirus. this virus is a major causative agent of non-suppurative meningoencephalitis in young cattle. it was first isolated in 1962 from a neurological disease outbreak in australia. bohv-5 is genetically and antigenically related to bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bohv-1), a highly prevalent virus responsible for respiratory and genital disease in cattle. initially, bohv-5 was consider ... | 2012 | 26623291 |
| a new method for simultaneous detection and discrimination of bovine herpesvirus types 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5) using real time pcr with high resolution melting (hrm) analysis. | bovine herpesvirus types 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5) are antigenically and genetically similar. the aim of this study was to develop a simple and reliable one-step real time pcr assay with high resolution melting (hrm) analysis for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of bohv-1 and bohv-5. optimization of assay conditions was performed with dna from reference strains. then, dna from field isolates, clinical samples and tissue samples of experimentally infected animals were studied by rea ... | 2016 | 26478539 |
| comparative analysis of the replication of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) and bhv5 in bovine-derived neuron-like cells. | members of the subfamily alphaherpesvirinae use the epithelium of the upper respiratory and/or genital tract as preferential sites for primary replication. however, bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv5) is neurotropic and neuroinvasive and responsible for meningoencephalitis in cattle and in animal models. a related virus, bohv1 has also been occasionally implicated in natural cases of neurological infection and disease in cattle. the aim of the present study was to assess the in vitro effects of bohv1 a ... | 2015 | 26239341 |
| development of a pyrosequencing assay for the typing of alphaherpesviruses. | identification of herpesvirus in biological material is usually carried out by real-time pcr. with the aim to classify the strain of virus identified, real-time pcr must be often supported by time-consuming capillary electrophoresis sequencing analysis. here we provide a protocol for the rapid and reliable identification of 5 closely related herpesviruses by pyromark q24 sequencing system. pyromark performs dna sequencing analysis using pyrosequencing, a technology based on the detection of rele ... | 2015 | 26150971 |
| epidemiology and genetic characterization of bvdv, bhv-1, bhv-4, bhv-5 and brucella spp. infections in cattle in turkey. | the aim of the study was to determine the epidemiological data of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4), bovine herpesvirus-5 (bhv-5) and brucella-associated cattle that were previously reported to have abortion and infertility problems in ankara, corum, kirikkale and yozgat provinces, turkey. whole blood and sera samples were obtained from 656 cattle, and antibodies against brucella spp. were detected in 45 (6.86%) and 41 (6.25%) animals ... | 2015 | 26096964 |
| outbreak control and clinical, pathological, and epidemiological aspects and molecular characterization of a bovine herpesvirus type 5 on a feedlot farm in são paulo state. | this paper describes the control, epidemiological, pathological, and molecular aspects of an outbreak of meningoencephalitis in calves due to bovine herpesvirus 5 at a feedlot with 540 animals in são paulo state, brazil. the introduction of new animals and contact between the resident animals and the introduced ones were most likely responsible for virus transmission. bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccine was used, resulting in the efficacy of the outbreak control, although two bovine herpesvirus 1 posit ... | 2015 | 26090469 |
| ntpdase and 5'-nucleotidase activities in synaptosomes of rabbits experimentally infected with bohv-5. | bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) is the causative agent of herpetic meningoencephalitis in cattle. the purinergic system is described as a modulator of the immune response and neuroinflammation. these functions are related to the extracellular nucleotides concentration. ntpdase and 5'-nucleotidase are enzymes responsible for controlling the extracellular concentration of adenosine triphosphate (atp), adenosine diphosphate (adp), adenosine monophosphate (amp), and adenosine (ado). the aim of th ... | 2015 | 26025330 |
| virus, strain, and epitope specificities of neutralizing bovine monoclonal antibodies to bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoproteins gb, gc, and gd, with sequence and molecular model analysis. | three bovine monoclonal antibodies (bomab) raised to bovine herpesvirus (bohv) 1.1 and specific for the viral glycoproteins gb, gc, and gd were tested for reactivity to two isolates of bohv-1.1, one of bohv-1.2, and two of bohv-5 in virus neutralization and indirect fluorescent antibody assays. they were also tested with other herpesviruses infecting cattle and other mammalian alphaherpesviruses, and found negative or of negligible reactivity. their bohv-1.1 epitope specificity was examined usin ... | 2015 | 25771882 |
| sequence analysis of the 5' third of glycoprotein c gene of south american bovine herpesviruses 1 and 5. | bovine herpesviruses 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5) share high genetic and antigenic similarities, but exhibit marked differences in tissue tropism and neurovirulence. the amino-terminal region of glycoprotein c (gc), which is markedly different in each of the viruses, is involved in virus binding to cellular receptors and in interactions with the immune system. this study investigated the genetic and antigenic differences of the 5' region of the gc (5' gc) gene (amino-terminal) of south american boh ... | 2015 | 25760029 |
| identification of a novel herpesvirus associated with a penile proliferative lesion in a beluga (delphinapterus leucas). | the carcass of an adult male beluga (delphinapterus leucas) was found beach cast in 2008 on the shore of the st. lawrence estuary at rivière-ouelle, quebec, canada. the carcass was transported to the faculté de médecine vétérinaire of the université de montréal for postmortem examination. aspiration pneumonia was the probable cause of death. necropsy revealed a focal papilloma-like penile lesion, characterized by focal mucosal thickening with disorganization of the epithelial layers and lymphopl ... | 2015 | 25375944 |
| bovine herpesvirus type 5 in semen samples from bulls in iran. | bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5) is an important pathogen of the central nervous system and has already been described in the genital tract of cattle and in semen. this virus is responsible for sporadic epizootics of fatal meningoencephalitis of calves. the objective of the present study was the identification and characterization of bohv-5 in semen samples from bulls for the first time in iran. dna was extracted from bull semen samples, and the glycoprotein d (gd) gene of bohv-5 and also the thymi ... | 2015 | 25362547 |
| bovine herpesvirus glycoprotein d: a review of its structural characteristics and applications in vaccinology. | the viral envelope glycoprotein d from bovine herpesviruses 1 and 5 (bohv-1 and -5), two important pathogens of cattle, is a major component of the virion and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of herpesviruses. glycoprotein d is essential for virus penetration into permissive cells and thus is a major target for virus neutralizing antibodies during infection. in view of its role in the induction of protective immunity, gd has been tested in new vaccine development strategies against both ... | 2014 | 25359626 |
| toll-like receptor expression in the nervous system of bovine alpha-herpesvirus-infected calves. | in this study, the expression levels of viral toll-like receptors (tlrs) in the nervous system of bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5)-infected calves were investigated. a significant increase in the expression of tlrs 3 and 7-9 was found in the anterior cerebral cortex during acute infection and viral reactivation. in the trigeminal ganglia, only tlr9 expression was significantly affected. the magnitude of the increase was lower in bohv-1-infected calves, suggesting that a restricted immune respo ... | 2014 | 25172667 |
| latency of bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) in tonsils and peripheral blood leukocytes. | bovine herpesvirus types 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5) can both establish latency in the trigeminal ganglion. non-neural sites of latency have been described for bohv-1 but not for bohv-5. the aim of this study was to determine whether peripheral blood leukocytes and tonsils are targets for bohv-5 infection and to establish whether all stages of that virus's infectious cycle can occur in those cell types. comparisons with bohv-1 infection of these tissues were also made in order to better understand ... | 2014 | 25155304 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of pseudorabies virus ep0 gene. | the pseudorabies virus (prv) early protein ep0 is a homologue of the herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) immediate-early protein icp0, which is a multifunctional protein and important for hsv-1 infection. however, the exact function of ep0 is not clear. in this study, using polymerase chain reaction, a 1,104 base-pair sequence of the ep0 gene was amplified from the prv becker strain genome and identification of the ep0gene was confirmed by further cloning and sequencing. bioinformatics analysis indic ... | 2014 | 24980013 |
| first report of isolation and molecular characterization of bubaline herpesvirus 1 (buhv1) from argentinean water buffaloes. | herpesviruses have mainly co-evolved with their hosts for millions of years. however, bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv1) and related ruminant alphaherpesviruses have been reported to cross the species barrier. bubaline herpesvirus 1 (buhv1) is an alphaherpesvirus closely related to bohv1 and bohv5. according to the serological cross-relationships between ruminant alphaherpesviruses, several surveys have studied the occurrence of bohv1-related virus infection in wild and domestic ruminant species. rece ... | 2014 | 24938487 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus 2 and bovine herpesvirus 4 dna in trigeminal ganglia of naturally infected cattle by polymerase chain reaction. | establishment of latent infection within specific tissues in the host is a common biological feature of the herpesviruses. in the case of bovine herpesvirus 2 (bohv-2), latency is established in neuronal tissues, while bovine herpesvirus 4 (bohv-4) and ovine herpesvirus 2 (ovhv-2) latent virus targets on cells of the monocytic lineage. this study was conducted in quest of bohv-2, bohv-4 and ovhv-2 dna in two hundred trigeminal ganglia (tg) specimens, derived from one hundred clinically healthy c ... | 2014 | 24725448 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of the pseudorabies virus ul31 gene. | we amplified a 816-bp sequence of the ul31 gene from the pseudorabies virus (prv) becker strain genome. evidence that this was the ul31 gene was confirmed by cloning and sequencing. the prv ul31 gene encodes a putative protein of 271-amino acid residues, which was designated the ul31 protein. bioinformatic analysis indicated that prv ul31 contains a conserved pha03328 domain, closely related with the herpes virus nuclear egress lamina protein ul31 family and highly conserved among counterparts e ... | 2014 | 24668671 |
| immune responses of mice against recombinant bovine herpesvirus 5 glycoprotein d. | glycoprotein d (gd) is essential for attachment and penetration of bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5) into permissive cells, and is a major target of the host immune system, inducing strong humoral and cellular immune responses. the aim of this study was to evaluate in mice the immunogenicity of recombinant bohv-5 gd (rgd5) expressed in pichia pastoris. vaccines formulated with rgd5 alone or adjuvanted with montanide 50 isa v2; emulsigen or emulsigen-dda was administered intramuscularly or subcutaneo ... | 2014 | 24657716 |
| synthetic aminomethylnaphthoquinones inhibit the in vitro replication of bovine herpesvirus 5. | bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) is an etiologic agent of meningoencephalitis in cattle. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antiviral potential of a series of synthetic mannich bases derived from lawsone and to investigate at which stage of the bohv-5 replicative cycle the compounds might be acting. the most potent and selective inhibitor exhibited cc50 and ec50 values of 1867 μm ± 8.3 and 3.8 μm ± 1.2, respectively (acv: 989 μm ± 2 and 166 μm ± 2, respectively). | 2014 | 24493066 |
| genetic diversity of 3' region of glycoprotein d gene of bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5. | bovine herpesviruses 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5) are closely related alphaherpesviruses of cattle. while bohv-1 is mainly associated with respiratory/genital disease and rarely associated with neurological disease, bohv-5 is the primary agent of meningoencephalitis in cattle. the envelope glycoprotein d of alphaherpesviruses (bohv-1/gd1 and bohv-5/gd5) is involved in the early steps of virus infection and may influence virus tropism and neuropathogenesis. this study performed a sequence analysis o ... | 2014 | 24482291 |
| bovine herpesvirus 5 encodes a unique pattern of micrornas compared with bovine herpesvirus 1. | bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) are two closely related viruses. however, bohv-5 is responsible for fatal meningitis in calves, while bohv-1 is associated with infectious rhinotracheitis in cattle, and the mechanism by which the two viruses cause different symptoms is not well understood. in this study, we identified 11 microrna (mirna) genes, encoded by the bohv-5 genome, that were processed into 16 detectable mature mirnas in productive infection as determi ... | 2014 | 24385436 |
| toll-like receptor activation and expression in bovine alpha-herpesvirus infections. | the involvement of toll-like receptors (tlrs) in bovine herpesvirus types 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5) infections has not been analyzed. in this study, the role of tlr signaling on virus replication was investigated. blood leukocytes consistently express tlrs. thus, our approach was to study in vitro the effects of agonist stimulation of tlrs expressed by peripheral blood leukocytes on bohv-1 and bohv-5 replication. furthermore, the patterns of tlrs 3, 7-9 expression on virus-infected-bovine leukoc ... | 2014 | 24373725 |
| programmed cell death-associated gene transcripts in bovine embryos exposed to bovine herpesvirus type 5. | in vitro-produced bovine embryos become infected after exposure to bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5), yet no changes in developmental rates, mitochondrial activity and inhibition of apoptosis are detected in comparison to unexposed embryos. thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the transcription of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis genes using taqman real-time polymerase chain reaction. transcripts of mcl-1, caspase-2, -3, apaf-1 and bax genes were measured after exposure to bohv-5 in ... | 2014 | 24334246 |
| molecular characterization of the pseudorabies virus ul2 gene. | a 948-bp sequence of the ul2 gene was amplified from the pseudorabies virus (prv) becker strain genome using polymerase chain reaction, and the gene identity was confirmed through further cloning and sequencing. bioinformatic analysis indicated that the prv ul2 gene encodes a putative polypeptide with 315-amino acid residues. its encoding protein, designated ul2, has a conserved uracil-dna glycosylase (udg)_f1 domain, which is closely related to the herpesvirus udg family and is highly conserved ... | 2013 | 24114210 |
| bovine herpesvirus type 5 infection regulates bax/bcl-2 ratio. | bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5) is an α-herpesvirus that causes neurological disease in young cattle and is also occasionally involved in reproductive disorders. although there have been many studies of the apoptotic pathways induced by viruses belonging to the family herpesviridae, there is little information about the intrinsic programmed cell death pathway in host-bohv-5 interactions. we found that bohv-5 is able to replicate in both mesenchymal and epithelial cell lines, provoking cytopatholog ... | 2013 | 24085451 |
| selection and characterization of brivudin resistant bovine herpesvirus type 5. | bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) is the agent of meningoencephalitis, an important disease of cattle in south america. the neuropathogenesis of bohv-5 infection is poorly understood and most previous research focused on the role of envelope glicoproteins in neurovirulence. thymidine kinase (tk) is a viral enzyme necessary for virus replication in neurons and, therefore, represents a potential target for virus attenuation. the selection and characterization of bohv-5 variants resistant to the n ... | 2010 | 24031472 |
| presence of viral and bacterial organisms in milk and their association with somatic cell counts. | about 20 to 35% of milk samples from cows with intramammary infection or high somatic cell count (scc) are negative on bacteriological culture analysis. however, little is known about scc in milk of cows infected with viruses. in the first part of our study, we developed a real-time pcr assay for detection of bovine herpesvirus (bhv) 1, bhv2, and bhv4, and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in composite quarter milk samples. a total of 1,479 lactating cows of 1,964 cows in the dairy herd were in ... | 2013 | 23972495 |
| molecular characterization of encephalitic bovine listeriosis from southern brazil. | reports of bovine listeriosis in brazil are uncommon, being restricted to citations within retrospective studies, resulting in scarce documented information of this important disease of cattle. this manuscript describes the molecular findings associated with spontaneous encephalitic listeriosis in two steers from distinct herds within the state of paraná, southern brazil. both animals demonstrated altered consciousness suggestive of brain stem dysfunctions and died a few days after the initial o ... | 2014 | 23832703 |
| validation of a reference control for an sybr-green fluorescence assay-based real-time pcr for detection of bovine herpesvirus 5 in experimentally exposed bovine embryos. | the objective of this study was to optimize an internal control to improve sybr-green-based qpcr to amplify/detect the bohv-5 us9 gene in bovine embryos produced in vitro and experimentally exposed to the virus. we designed an sybr-green-based binding assay that is quick to perform, reliable, easily optimized and compares well with the published assay. herein we demonstrated its general applicability to detect bohv-5 us9 gene in bovine embryos produced in vitro experimentally exposed to bohv-5. ... | 2013 | 23831485 |
| multiplex pcr followed by restriction length polymorphism analysis for the subtyping of bovine herpesvirus 5 isolates. | several types and subtypes of bovine herpesviruses 1 and 5 (bohv-1 and bohv-5) have been associated to different clinical conditions of cattle, making type/subtype differentiation essential to understand the pathogenesis and epidemiology of bohv infections. bohv-5 subtyping is currently carried out by bsteii restriction enzyme analysis (rea) of the complete virus genome. this method allowed the description of three subtypes, one of which is the most widespread while the remaining two have so far ... | 2013 | 23734608 |
| evaluation of prenucleic acid extraction for increasing sensitivity of detection of virus in bovine follicular fluid pools. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bohv-1), and bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) are major cattle pathogens that can be present in biological materials used in assisted reproduction biotechnologies. the aim of the present study was to increase the sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for detection of bvdv, bohv-1, and bohv-5 in bovine follicular fluid (ff) collected during oocyte retrieval for in vitro embryo production. ovaries were collected immediat ... | 2013 | 23427937 |
| bovine herpesvirus-5 infection in a rabbit experimental model: immunohistochemical study of the cellular response in the cns. | since little information is available regarding cellular antigen mapping and the involvement of non-neuronal cells in the pathogenesis of bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) infection, it were determined the bhv-5 distribution, the astrocytic reactivity, the involvement of lymphocytes and the presence of matrix metalloproteinase (mmp)-9 in the brain of rabbits experimentally infected with bhv-5. twelve new zealand rabbits that were seronegative for bhv-5 were used for virus inoculation, and five r ... | 2013 | 23375887 |
| identification and analysis of putative promoter motifs in bovine herpes virus. | the purpose of this study is to identify and analyse the putative promoter motifs in the bovine herpes virus which causes several diseases in cattle worldwide including bovine mastitis with large economic impact on dairy industry. bovine mastitis caused due to virus is often neglected as bacterial infections are held mainly responsible for the disease. therefore, in this in silico investigation with all the existing experimental data a total of 147 promoter were identified along with their seque ... | 2012 | 23275714 |
| susceptibility of neuron-like cells derived from bovine wharton's jelly to bovine herpesvirus type 5 infections. | bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5), frequently lethal in cattle, is associated with significant agricultural economic losses due to neurological disease. cattle and rabbits are frequently used as models to study the biology and pathogenesis of bohv-5 infection. in particular, neural invasion and proliferation are two of the factors important in bohv-5 infection. the present study investigated the potential of bovine wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cells (bwj-mscs) to differentiate into a neu ... | 2012 | 23227933 |
| development of latex agglutination test for rapid detection of antibodies against bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine herpesvirus 5 in cattle. | a latex agglutination test (lat) based on sensitized polystyrene beads with inactivated bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) particles was developed to detect serum antibodies against bhv-1 and bovine herpesvirus 5 (bhv-5). compared with a virus neutralization test using 252 serum samples, the sensitivity and specificity were 94.7% and 97.5%, respectively. finally, 512 clinical serum samples from 3 major cattle-breeding provinces were monitored, and the overall positive rate was 34.57% (95% confidence i ... | 2012 | 23012381 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of brazilian plants (maytenus ilicifolia and aniba rosaeodora) against bovine herpesvirus type 5 and avian metapneumovirus. | medicinal plants are well known for their use in traditional folk medicine as treatments for many diseases including infectious diseases. | 2012 | 22873798 |
| evaluation of developmental changes in bovine in vitro produced embryos following exposure to bovine herpesvirus type 5. | bovine herpesvirus type-5 (bohv-5) is a neurovirulent α-herpesvirus which is potentially pathogenic for cows and suspected to be associated with reproductive disorders. interestingly, natural transmission of bohv-5 by contaminated semen was recently described in australia. additionally, bohv-5 was also isolated from the semen of a healthy bull in the same country and incriminated in a natural outbreak of reproductive disease after artificial insemination. in contrast with bohv-1, experimental ex ... | 2012 | 22823939 |
| asymptomatic encephalitis in calves experimentally infected with bovine herpesvirus-5. | this study demonstrated that bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv)-5 infected calves can develop encephalitis and remain asymptomatic. seven calves were infected intranasally and monitored for 30 days. cerebrospinal fluid (csf) analysis was performed from the onset of neurological signs. multiple sections of brain and the trigeminal ganglion were submitted to histopathology. virus detection (pcr and isolation) was performed on csf and tissues. four calves developed signs of neurologic disease and died. th ... | 2011 | 22654135 |
| first report of bovine herpesvirus 5 in bull semen. | bohv-5 was detected in one of several extended semen samples from a healthy donor bull during routine virus screening. this was achieved by polymerase chain reaction assay (pcr) and virus isolation, with primary identification by the fluorescent antibody test. the isolated virus, b4180, was characterized by sequencing a cloned fragment of the gc gene and by restriction enzyme analysis (rea). the nucleotide sequence shared 99 % similarity with published sequences of bohv-5, and the rea showed tha ... | 2012 | 22622433 |
| in vitro replication of bovine herpesvirus types 1 and 5. | the aim of this work was to study the in vitro replication of bovine herpesvirus types 1 and 5 (bohv-1 and 5) at the beginning and end of the logarithmic growth phase of madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk) cells. the replication kinetics and size of lysis and infection plaques of the field isolates 09/210 (bohv-1) and 97/613 (bohv-5) and the reference strains bohv-1.1 los angeles 38 (la38), bohv-1.1 cooper, bohv-5a n569 and bohv-5b a663 were evaluated. the highest mean virus titre was recorded for ... | 2012 | 22306173 |
| the immune modulation of bacillus cereus var. toyoi in mice immunized with experimental inactivated bovine herpesvirus type 5 vaccine. | in recent years, there been significant progress toward develop more efficient vaccines. different compounds with adjuvant capacity have been tested; however, no compound has emerged that suitable for universal use. several efforts have been made to produce effective vaccines against bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5), an important cattle pathogen. in this study we examine the use the probiotic bacillus cereus var. toyoi as a potential adjuvant to improve bohv-5 vaccine efficacy. we observed in the s ... | 2012 | 22285271 |
| A recombinant bovine herpesvirus 5 defective in thymidine kinase and glycoprotein E is immunogenic for calves and confers protection upon homologous challenge and BoHV-1 challenge. | A recombinant bovine herpesvirus 5 lacking thymidine kinase and glycoprotein E genes (BoHV-5gE?TK?) was evaluated as a live experimental vaccine. In a first experiment, ten-months-old calves were vaccinated intramuscularly (n=9) or remained as controls (n=8) and 42 days later were challenged with BoHV-5 or BoHV-1 intranasally. The four control calves challenged with BoHV-5 developed severe depression and neurological signs and were euthanized in extremis at days 13 and 14 pos-infection (pi); the ... | 2011 | 22019288 |
| quillaja brasiliensis saponins are less toxic than quil a and have similar properties when used as an adjuvant for a viral antigen preparation. | in this study, a preparation of saponins (qb-90u) extracted from leaves of quillaja brasiliensis collected in uruguay was evaluated as a vaccine adjuvant by comparison with alum and the well known saponin-based adjuvant, quil a. the haemolytic activity and cellular toxicity of the saponin preparations were also evaluated. qb-90u was only slightly haemolytic and showed a low cytotoxicity when compared to quil a. the adjuvant properties of qb-90u were assayed by sub-cutaneous immunization of mice ... | 2011 | 22001878 |
| estimation of the diagnostic accuracy of the glyco-c and us9 gene-based polymerase chain reaction technique for the detection of bovine herpesvirus type 5 dna in decomposed brain suspension from a slaughter house using bayesian analysis, brazil. | brazil represents the greatest beef producer among tropical countries, and the major obstacle for meat international trade is sanitary problems especially closely related to viral encephalitis. the goal of this study was to estimate the accuracy of the glycol and us9 gene-based polymerase chain reactions (pcrs) for the detection of bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) from decomposed brain samples (n?=?95). for this purpose, a latent-class (bayesian) approach was used. sensitivity (se) was estimat ... | 2011 | 21786161 |
| structural and functional analysis of the tap-inhibiting ul49.5 proteins of varicelloviruses. | viral infections are counteracted by virus-specific cytotoxic t cells that recognize the infected cell via mhc class i (mhc i) molecules presenting virus-derived peptides. the loading of the peptides onto mhc i molecules occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum (er) and is facilitated by the peptide loading complex. a key player in this complex is the transporter associated with antigen processing (tap), which translocates the viral peptides from the cytosol into the er. herpesviruses have developed ... | 2011 | 21764135 |
| effect of the us3 protein of bovine herpesvirus 5 on the actin cytoskeleton and apoptosis. | the us3 protein is a unique protein kinase only present in the alphaherpesvirinae subfamily of the herpesviruses. studies performed with several alphaherpesviruses demonstrated that the us3 protein is involved in cytoskeleton modifications during viral infection and displays anti-apoptotic activity. however, the us3 protein of bohv-5 has not been studied up to now. as reported for other alphaherpesviruses, our results showed that bohv-5 us3 confers resistance against apoptosis and induces cytosk ... | 2011 | 21665386 |
| comparative study on the in vitro and in vivo properties of two bovine herpesvirus-5 reference strains. | bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5) is an alphaherpesvirus responsible for meningoencephalitis in young cattle and it is antigenically and genetically related to bovine herpesvirus 1. bohv-5 outbreaks are sporadic and restricted in their geographical distribution, being mostly detected in the southern hemisphere. the n569 and a663 strains are prototypes of the "a" and "b" subtypes of bohv-5, however, scarce information about their in vitro and in vivo properties is currently available. | 2011 | 21651813 |
| in vitro-generated interspecific recombinants between bovine herpesviruses 1 and 5 show attenuated replication characteristics and establish latency in the natural host. | abstract: background: interspecific recombinant viruses r1deltagc and r2deltagi were isolated after in vitro co-infection with bohv-1 and bohv-5, two closely related alphaherpesviruses that infect cattle. the genetic characterization of r1deltagc and r2deltagi showed that they are composed of different sections of the parental genomes. the aim of this study was the characterization of the in vivo behavior of these recombinants in the natural host. results: four groups of four 3-month-old calves ... | 2011 | 21592326 |
| detection and differentiation of bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5 using a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction. | a multiplex real-time pcr was developed for the detection and differentiation of two closely related bovine herpesviruses 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5). the multiplex real-time pcr combines a duplex real-time pcr that targets the dna polymerase gene of bohv-1 and bohv-5 and a real-time pcr targeting mitochondrial dna, as a house-keeping gene, described previously by cawthraw et al. (2009). the assay correctly identified 22 bohv-1 and six bohv-5 isolates from the biosecurity sciences laboratory virus ... | 2011 | 21540057 |
| bull semen variables after experimental exposure with bovine herpesvirus type 5. | the influence of bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) infection on semen variables and sperm morphology collected from healthy bulls with no reproductive disorder was evaluated in ten ejaculates distributed into two experimental groups: group i, bull semen exposed to 10(2.3) (tissue culture infectious dose) tcid(50)/50 µl of a brazilian strain of bohv-5 (us9/br/2007; gu9457818) and group ii, unexposed bull control semen. after experimental infection, the semen was frozen-thawed prior to computeriz ... | 2011 | 21353404 |
| characterization of bohv-5 field strains circulation and report of transient specific subtype of bovine herpesvirus 5 in argentina. | bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5) is a member of the subfamily alphaherpesvirinae responsible for meningo-encephalitis in young cattle. the first case of bovine meningo-encephalitis associated with a herpesvirus infection was reported in australia. the current geographical distribution of bohv-5 infection is mainly restricted to south america, especially brazil and argentina. outbreaks of bohv-5 are regularly observed in argentina suggesting the circulation of the virus in the bovine population. | 2011 | 21299866 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5 in semen from brazilian bulls. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5) are important pathogens of the respiratory and genital tract of cattle and may also affect the central nervous system and cause meningoencephalitis. both virus types are estimated to be widely distributed in southern brazil. in the present study, bohv-1 and/or bohv-5 dna were detected in bovine semen samples from two states of brazil by two species-specific nested polymerase chain reactions (npcrs). these npcrs were used to assay 53 samples of fresh s ... | 2011 | 21247624 |
| the capacity of ul49.5 proteins to inhibit tap is widely distributed among members of the genus varicellovirus. | the lifelong infection by varicelloviruses is characterized by a fine balance between the host immune response and immune evasion strategies used by these viruses. virus-derived peptides are presented to cytotoxic t lymphocytes by major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i molecules. the transporter associated with antigen processing (tap) transports the peptides from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum, where the loading of mhc-i molecules occurs. the varicelloviruses bovine herpesvi ... | 2010 | 21159875 |
| immunohistochemical approach to the pathogenesis of clinical cases of bovine herpesvirus type 5 infections. | meningoencephalitis by herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) in cattle has some features that are similar to those of herpetic encephalitis in humans and other animal species. human herpesvirus 3 (commonly known as varicella-zoster virus 1), herpes simplex viruses (hsv), and equid herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) induce an intense inflammatory, vascular and cellular response. in spite of the many reports describing the histological lesions associated with natural and experimental infections, the immunopathological m ... | 2010 | 20831786 |
| efficacy of an inactivated, recombinant bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) vaccine. | bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) is the causative agent of bovine herpetic encephalitis. in countries where bohv-5 is prevalent, attempts to vaccinate cattle to prevent clinical signs from bohv-5-induced disease have relied essentially on vaccination with bohv-1 vaccines. however, such practice has been shown not to confer full protection to bohv-5 challenge. in the present study, an inactivated, oil adjuvanted vaccine prepared with a recombinant bohv-5 from which the genes coding for glycopro ... | 2011 | 20828945 |
| apoptotic and developmental effects of bovine herpesvirus type-5 infection on in vitro-produced bovine embryos. | bovine herpesvirus type-5 (bohv-5), which is potentially neuropathogenic, was recently described to be related with reproductive disorders in cows. the objective was to elucidate mechanisms involved in propagation of bohv-5 in embryonic cells. for this purpose, bovine embryos produced in vitro were assayed for apoptotic markers after experimental infection of oocytes, in vitro fertilization, and development. host dna fragmentation was detected with a tunel assay, expression of annexin-v was meas ... | 2010 | 20688374 |
| a comparative analysis of envelope and tegument proteins of suid herpesvirus 1, bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine herpesvirus 5. | the aim of this study was to analyze the disordered regions (drs) in the envelope and tegument proteins of three closely related herpesviruses: bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine herpesvirus 5 and suid herpesvirus 1. tegument proteins showed a greater percentage of drs than the envelope proteins did. regions of disorder were found in the less conserved portions of the proteins, n-terminal and c-terminal regions, and, in a few cases, functionally important sites. the presence of drs is an important fac ... | 2010 | 20607317 |
| isolation of bovine herpesvirus type 5 from the semen of a healthy bull in australia. | artificial insemination is widely used in the cattle industry and a major challenge is to ensure that semen is free of infectious agents. a healthy donor bull was tested for freedom from infectious agents. a bovine herpesvirus was isolated in testis cells and identified as bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) by polymerase chain reaction and by direct amplicon sequencing. the amplicon sequence shared 100% similarity with the published sequence of bohv-5. this is the first report in australia of bo ... | 2010 | 20402691 |
| glycoprotein d of bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5) confers an extended host range to bohv-1 but does not contribute to invasion of the brain. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) and bohv-5 are closely related pathogens of cattle, but only bohv-5 is considered a neuropathogen. we engineered intertypic gd exchange mutants with bohv-1 and bohv-5 backbones in order to address their in vitro and in vivo host ranges, with particular interest in invasion of the brain. the new viruses replicated in cell culture with similar dynamics and to titers comparable to those of their wild-type parents. however, gd of bohv-5 (gd5) was able to interact with a ... | 2010 | 20219909 |
| bovine herpesvirus 5 bicp0 complements the bovine herpesvirus 1 homolog. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) and bohv-5 are closely related (82% amino acid identity) but differ strongly in neuropathogenesis. the immediate-early gene for bicp0 is less conserved (70% amino acid identity) and may contribute to a dissimilar phenotype. a peculiar difference is a guanosine hexamer in the bicp0-1 gene which aligns with only five guanosines in the bicp0-5 gene and therefore results in a frameshift in the latter open reading frame. thus, the c-terminal amino acid sequence (residues ... | 2010 | 20211531 |
| a bovine herpesvirus 5 recombinant defective in the thymidine kinase (tk) gene and a double mutant lacking tk and the glycoprotein e gene are fully attenuated for rabbits. | bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5), the agent of herpetic meningoencephalitis in cattle, is an important pathogen of cattle in south america and several efforts have been made to produce safer and more effective vaccines. in the present study, we investigated in rabbits the virulence of three recombinant viruses constructed from a neurovirulent brazilian bohv-5 strain (sv507/99). the recombinants are defective in glycoprotein e (bohv-5gedelta), thymidine kinase (bohv-5tkdelta) and both proteins (bohv ... | 2010 | 20027480 |
| neutralizing antibodies to bovine herpesvirus types 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5) and its subtypes. | this study was carried out to determine whether the sensitivity of serum neutralization (sn) tests would be affected by the use of distinct subtypes of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5) as test challenge viruses. bovine sera collected from a randomized sample (n=287) were tested in a 24h incubation sn against three type 1 viruses (bohv-1.1 strains "los angeles" (la) and "evi 123"; bohv-1.2a strain "sv 265") and three type 5 viruses (bohv-5a strain "evi 88"; bohv-5b strain "a 663" and ... | 2010 | 19926411 |
| a novel in situ polymerase chain reaction hybridisation assay for the direct detection of bovine herpesvirus type 5 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. | an in situ polymerase chain reaction (is-pcr) hybridisation assay was carried out on the brains of 20 cattle infected naturally with bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5). sections from the olfactory bulb and the frontal cortex of each sample were analysed using is-pcr followed by hybridisation targeting the bohv-5 us9 gene using a biotinylated primer. each of the is-pcr and hybridisation steps was optimised, and three different methods for detecting the virus were used. no false positive signals w ... | 2010 | 19917316 |
| effects of bovine herpesvirus type 5 on development of in vitro-produced bovine embryos. | bovine (bos indicus) herpesviruses have been associated with reproductive disease. type 1, the most studied species, is best known for its reproductive and respiratory effects. type 5 (bohv-5) has been detected in bull semen and aborted fetuses but not in oocytes and embryos. this study consisted of three experiments that evaluated (1) bohv-5-infected oocytes matured in medium with fetal bovine serum (bohv-fbs) or polyvinyl alcohol (bohv-pva) and fertilized by noninfected sperm; (2) noninfected ... | 2010 | 19896706 |
| construction and growth properties of bovine herpesvirus type 5 recombinants defective in the glycoprotein e or thymidine kinase gene or both. | bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) is an important pathogen of cattle in south america. we describe here the construction and characterization of deletion mutants defective in the glycoprotein e (ge) or thymidine kinase (tk) gene or both (ge/tk) from a highly neurovirulent and well-characterized brazilian bohv-5 strain (sv507/99). a ge-deleted recombinant virus (bohv-5 ge) was first generated in which the entire ge open reading frame was replaced with a chimeric green fluorescent protein gene. a ... | 2010 | 19893987 |
| infertility and venereal disease in cattle inseminated with semen containing bovine herpesvirus type 5. | a group of 20 cows and heifers experienced poor conception rates and probable ovarian dysfunction after being artificially inseminated. when first examined, some showed signs of vulvovaginitis, with pustular, ulcerative lesions consistent with a herpesvirus infection. they had had no contact with bulls during the current breeding season. bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) was isolated from samples of frozen semen from the batch that had been used for the artificial insemination programme. bhv-5 w ... | 2009 | 19633324 |
| high prevalence of co-infections with bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5 found in cattle in southern brazil. | based on small scale studies or on little sensitive serological tests, bovines in the south of the state of rio grande do sul, brazil, are known to be infected with either bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) or 5 (bohv-5). however, whether the prevalence of each of these viruses is high or low is currently still unknown. in order to determine the extent of bohv (-1 and/or -5) infections in bovines in this region of brazil, 200 bovines were studied for the presence of bohv dna. to this end, first a qua ... | 2009 | 19560292 |
| cloning and expression of a truncated form of envelope glycoprotein d of bovine herpesvirus type 5 in methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. | meningoencephalitis caused by bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5) is responsible for heavy economic losses in the cattle industry. as in other alphaherpesviruses, the envelope glycoprotein iv (gd), which mediates penetration into host cells, is one of the major candidate antigens for a recombinant vaccine, since it induces a strong and persistent immune response. the dna coding for a truncated form of bohv-5 gd (tgd) has been cloned into the pichia pastoris expression vector ppiczalphab to allow ... | 2009 | 19501621 |
| characterization of interspecific recombinants generated from closely related bovine herpesviruses 1 and 5 through multiple pcr sequencing assays. | bovine herpesviruses 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5) are closely related alphaherpesviruses infecting cattle. in countries where both viruses circulate, co-infection of cattle is likely. it was shown that recombination occurs at a high frequency in cattle infected dually with two bohv-1 mutants. in addition, interspecific recombinants are generated in cell culture co-infected with bohv-1 and bohv-5. even if the process of interspecific recombination appears inefficient relative to intraspecific recomb ... | 2009 | 19501619 |
| biology of bovine herpesvirus 5. | bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5) is an alphaherpesvirus responsible for meningoencephalitis in young cattle and is closely antigenically and genetically related to bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1). both viruses have common aspects in their pathogenesis: (1) they infect epithelial cells at the portal of entry and (2) they establish a latent infection in the sensory nerve ganglia, i.e., the trigeminal ganglia. however, they have different neuroinvasion and neurovirulence capacities. only in rare cases c ... | 2010 | 19409823 |
| bovine herpesvirus 5 induces an overproduction of nitric oxide in the brain of rabbits that correlates with virus dissemination and precedes the development of neurological signs. | we herein report an investigation of nitric oxide (no) levels, a candidate molecule for neuronal toxicity and dysfunction, in the brain of rabbits during experimental neurological infection by bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5). spectrophotometry for no products (no(2) and no(3)) revealed that no levels were significantly increased (f(4, 40) = 3.33; p <.02) in several regions of the brain of rabbits with neurological disease, correlating with moderate to high bohv-5 titers. immunohistochemistry of br ... | 2009 | 19115129 |
| dry-heat treatment process for enhancing viral safety of an antihemophilic factor viii concentrate prepared from human plasma. | viral safety is a prerequisite for manufacturing clinical antihemophilic factor viii concentrates from human plasma. with particular regard to the hepatitis a virus (hav), a terminal dry-heat treatment (100 degrees for 30 min) process, following lyophilization, was developed to improve the virus safety of a solvent/detergent-treated antihemophilic factor viii concentrate. the loss of factor viii activity during dry-heat treatment was of about 5%. no substantial changes were observed in the physi ... | 2008 | 18633304 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 icp27 regulates expression of a variant, secreted form of glycoprotein c by an intron retention mechanism. | we previously showed that herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) immediate-early (ie) protein icp27 can posttranscriptionally stimulate mrna accumulation from a transfected viral late gene encoding glycoprotein c (gc) (k. d. perkins, j. gregonis, s. borge, and s. a. rice, j. virol. 77:9872-9884, 2003). we began this study by asking whether icp27 homologs from other herpesviruses can also mediate this activity. although the homologs from varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) ... | 2008 | 18495765 |
| neurological disease in cattle in southern brazil associated with bovine herpesvirus infection. | the occurrence of neurological disease in cattle caused by bovine herpesvirus in 11 farms from southern brazil between 1987 and 2007 is described. twenty-two animals were necropsied. major clinical signs included excessive salivation, nasal and ocular discharge, circling, recumbency, depression, incoordination, grinding of teeth, and paddling movements. necropsy findings in 10 of 22 cattle included hyperemia and softening of the rostral portions of the telencephalic cortex, with flattening of gy ... | 2008 | 18460624 |
| a simple method of infecting rabbits with bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5. | this report describes an alternative technique to inoculate rabbits and to reproduce infection by bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5. first, the nostrils are anaesthetized by aspersion with local anaesthetic. a few seconds later, and after proving the insensitivity of the zone, the rabbits are put on their back legs with their nostrils upwards and the inoculum is introduced slowly into each nostril by using disposable droppers. clinical signs, viral isolation from nasal swabs, histological lesions found ... | 2008 | 18423632 |
| isolation and characterisation of a ruminant alphaherpesvirus closely related to bovine herpesvirus 1 in a free-ranging red deer. | the genus varicellovirus of the herpesviridae subfamily alphaherpesvirinae includes a cluster of viruses antigenically and genetically related to bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1): namely bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5), bubaline herpesvirus 1 (buhv-1), caprine herpesvirus 1 (cphv-1), cervid herpesviruses 1 (cvhv-1) and 2 (cvhv-2) and elk herpesvirus 1 (elkhv-1). considering the serological relationship between these ruminant alphaherpesviruses, several surveys have studied the occurrence of bohv-1 re ... | 2007 | 17903260 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus type 5 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded bovine brain by pcr: a useful adjunct to conventional tissue-based diagnostic test of bovine encephalitis. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the application of pcr technique for the detection of bohv-5 in routinely formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain tissues in 20 naturally infected calves affected by fatal meningoencephalitis. brains were divided into two halves, one kept fresh for virus isolation and pcr assay, targeting the glycoprotein c gene from bohv-5 genome. the other half brain, corresponding to posterior cortex region, was submitted to formalin fixation and embedded into paraffin bl ... | 2007 | 17804088 |
| glycoprotein e (ge) specified by bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) enables trans-neuronal virus spread and neurovirulence without being a structural component of enveloped virions. | bovine herpesvirus 5 (bhv-5) is a neurovirulent alpha-herpesvirus that causes fatal encephalitis in calves. we previously demonstrated that deletion of a glycine-rich epitope in the ge ectodomain dramatically reduced bhv-5 neurovirulence. to investigate the role of ge cytoplasmic tail sequences in the neuropathogenesis of bhv-5 in rabbits, we constructed a bhv-5ge recombinant virus with a short residual cytoplasmic domain lacking the yxxl motifs and the acidic (bhv-5geam480). in vitro, bhv-5geam ... | 2007 | 17477950 |
| adjuvant effect of green propolis on humoral immune response of bovines immunized with bovine herpesvirus type 5. | despite recent technological advances in vaccine production, most vaccines depend on the association with adjuvant substances. in this study, propolis, which has been attracting the attention of researchers due to its bioactive properties, was evaluated as an immunological adjuvant. the association of 40mg/dose of an ethanolic extract of green propolis with an inactivated oil vaccine against bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5), resulted in a significant increase (p<0.01) in the neutralizing antib ... | 2007 | 17275918 |
| acute and latent infection by bovine herpesvirus type 5 in experimentally infected goats. | the ability of alphaherpesviruses to infect different ruminant species may have important implications for control/eradication efforts. serological data indicate that goats may be naturally infected with bovine herpesviruses. to investigate the susceptibility of goats to bovine herpesvirus-5 (bohv-5), 3-4-month-old kids were inoculated intranasally with each of three brazilian bohv-5 isolates (g1, n=8; g2, n=5; g3, n=5). the acute infection was characterized by virus shedding in nasal secretions ... | 2007 | 17267142 |
| characterization of field bovine herpesvirus samples using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd). | bovine herpesvirus 5 (bohv-5) and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) are members of the family herpesviridae, subfamily alphaherpesvirinae. although bohv-1 and bohv-5 are closely related viruses (their genomes share 85% similarity), they exhibit some important differences at the genetic level which may explain the differences in their pathogenicity and epidemiological characteristics. bovine herpesvirus 5 is a neurovirulent virus that causes fatal meningoencephalitis in calves and has been described ... | 2007 | 17126417 |
| trypsin treatment of bovine embryos after in vitro exposure to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus or bovine herpesvirus-4. | the objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of trypsin treatment for the removal/inactivation of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv) adhering to zona pellucida-intact (zp-i) bovine embryos and to determine if bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4) adheres to zp-i bovine embryos. when adherence of bhv-4 was demonstrated, an additional objective was to determine whether trypsin treatment removes or inactivates this virus. a total of 139 zp-i embryos was collected from superovulated ... | 1990 | 16726850 |
| the us9 gene of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) effectively complements a us9-null strain of bhv-5 for anterograde transport, neurovirulence, and neuroinvasiveness in a rabbit model. | the alphaherpesvirus envelope protein us9 is a type ii viral membrane protein that is required for anterograde spread of bovine herpesvirus 5 (bhv-5) infection from the olfactory receptor neurons to the brain. in a rabbit seizure model, us9-deleted bhv-5 failed to invade the central nervous system (cns) following intranasal infection. however, when injected directly into the olfactory bulb, retrograde-spread infection from the olfactory bulb (ob) to the piriform cortex and other areas connected ... | 2006 | 16611899 |