Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| genetic relationships between bovine herpesvirus 4 and the gammaherpesviruses epstein-barr virus and herpesvirus saimiri. | the overall arrangement of genes in the unique central part of the bovine herpesvirus type 4 (bhv-4) genome has been deduced by analysis of short dna sequences. twenty-three genes conserved in at least one of the completely sequenced herpesviruses have been identified and localized. all of these genes encoded amino acid sequences with higher similarity to proteins of the gammaherpesviruses epstein-barr virus (ebv) and herpesvirus saimiri (hvs) than to the homologous products of the alphaherpesvi ... | 1992 | 1325698 |
| effects in calves of mixed infections with bovine viral diarrhea virus and several other bovine viruses. | the objective of this study was to verify whether a mixed infection in calves with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and other bovine viruses, such as bovid herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4), parainfluenza-3 (pi-3) and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) virus, would influence the pathogenesis of the bvdv infection sufficiently to result in the typical form of mucosal disease being produced. accordingly, two experiments were undertaken. in one experiment calves were first infected with bvdv and subsequ ... | 1992 | 1330424 |
| molecular biology of bovine herpesvirus type 4. | bovine herpesvirus type 4 (bhv-4) is a ubiquitous virus of cattle. its genome is a 144 +/- 6 kb double-stranded dna consisting of a unique central part (l-dna) flanked at both ends by tandem repeats called polyrepetitive dna (prdna or h-dna). the overall arrangement of genes has been obtained by the analysis of homologies between short bhv-4 dna sequences and corresponding genes of epstein-barr virus (ebv) and herpesvirus saimiri (hvs). the gene expression is temporally regulated. glycoprotein p ... | 1992 | 1336253 |
| variation in the pathogenic potential and molecular characteristics of bovid herpesvirus-4 isolates. | seven bovid herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4) isolates recovered from various clinical conditions of cattle were studied for their pathogenic potential in pregnant rabbits. these viruses were originally recovered from respiratory and reproductive tract infections of cattle. a virus dose of 4 x 10(6.8)tcid50 per fetus was inoculated via the intrauterine route in 10- and 17-day pregnant rabbits. clinical, virologic, and pathologic data were collected to compare the effect of each isolate on does and fetuses/k ... | 1991 | 1646514 |
| [significance of bovine herpesvirus 4 and its detection]. | in the last years different strains of the bovine cytomegalo-virus have been isolated. they have been grouped as bovine herpes virus 4 (bhv 4) and separated from other bovine herpes viruses. their clinical importance remains uncertain. different tests to detect infection have been developed. | 1991 | 1648799 |
| tissue distribution of bovid herpesvirus-4 in inoculated rabbits and its detection by dna hybridization and polymerase chain reaction. | a dna hybridization technique, using the polyrepetitive ecori l-fragment of bovid herpesvirus (bhv-4) as a probe, was developed to determine virus distribution in the tissues of bhv-4-infected pregnant rabbits. the cloned fragment did not react with the dna of rabbits or of other herpesviruses, e.g., infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, bovine herpes virus mammillitis, and pseudorabies viruses. the detection limit was 10(-13) g of dna or approximately 600 genome equivalents of viral dna, which ind ... | 1991 | 1652236 |
| clinical evaluation of cats with lower urinary tract disease. | in a prospective study, 141 cats with hematuria, dysuria, urethral obstruction, or combinations of these signs were evaluated by contemporary diagnostic methods and compared with 26 clinically normal cats (controls). specific diagnosis was established in 45% (64/141) of cats affected with lower urinary tract disease (lutd). crystalline matrix plug-induced urethral obstruction was diagnosed in 21% (30/141) of affected cats, uroliths were identified in 21% (30/141) of affected cats, uroliths with ... | 1991 | 1653776 |
| biological and molecular aspects of bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4). | this review summarizes most recent information on the bovine cytomegalovirus bhv-4. the virus is not associated with clearly defined clinical entities in cattle. it can easily be isolated in tissue culture and has a broad host range. bhv-4 strains are rather similar in restriction enzyme analysis of their dnas, the size of the pr dnas, however, differs. the genome represents a gamma-herpesvirus. because of its uniqueness bhv-4 is discussed as an appropriate vector. | 1991 | 1657512 |
| a study of some biologic properties of bovid herpesvirus-4. | this article summarizes the results of a study on several strains of bovid herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4), isolated from cattle. the study had several objectives, namely, to verify (a) the disease-causing potential of the virus, (b) the possibility by bhv-4 to induce a latent infection in the natural host and (c) the entity of the relationships among strains of the virus isolated from different disease syndromes. the following data were obtained: (1) all strains tested were able to replicate in experimen ... | 1991 | 1657513 |
| nucleotide and amino acid sequence analysis of the thymidine kinase gene of a bovine encephalitis herpesvirus. | the nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence of the thymidine kinase (tk) gene of n 569, a bovine encephalitis herpesvirus (behv), has been determined and compared with those of avian, bovine and other mammalian herpesvirus tk genes. striking differences were observed between the nucleotide sequence of this behv tk gene and those reported for bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1). a total of 118 base changes, 39 base deletions and 14 base insertions were identified relative to the tk sequence of a bh ... | 1991 | 1678935 |
| antigenic and genomic identity between simian herpesvirus aotus type 2 and bovine herpesvirus type 4. | herpesvirus aotus type 2 (hva-2) was isolated from a culture of kidney cells from a healthy owl monkey (aotus trivirgatus). bovine herpesvirus type 4 (bhv-4) is frequently isolated from diseased and even healthy cattle and occasionally from sheep, wild ruminants and cats. the two viruses are related antigenically, as was revealed by an indirect fluorescent antibody test using polyclonal antisera from experimentally infected rabbits or monoclonal antibodies raised against six bhv-4 proteins, thre ... | 1991 | 1706410 |
| characterization of the bovine herpesvirus 4 major immediate-early transcript. | the major immediate-early (ie) rna of bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) has been identified and characterized by analyzing cytoplasmic polyadenylated rna isolated from madin-darby bovine kidney cells infected with bhv-4(dn-599) in the presence of cycloheximide. hybridization of cdna to southern blots of viral dna, northern (rna) blot analysis, and s1 nuclease analyses showed that the major bhv-4 ie rna is a spliced, 1.7-kb rna, which is transcribed from right to left on the restriction map of the bhv ... | 1991 | 1716688 |
| molecular diagnosis of alcelaphine herpesvirus (malignant catarrhal fever) infections by nested amplification of viral dna in bovine blood buffy coat specimens. | a fragment of alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (ahv-1; malignant catarrhal fever) dna was subcloned into puc 18 and sequenced. the subclone hybridized strongly to ahv-1 dna, weakly to alcelaphine herpesvirus-2 (ahv-2) dna, and not at all to dna from bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1; infectious bovine rhinotracheitis [ibr] virus), bovine herpesvirus-2 (bhv-2; bovine herpes mamillitis [bhm] virus), and bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4; isolate dn599). a 2-stage (nested) polymerase chain reaction (pcr) diagnostic t ... | 1991 | 1911989 |
| a dot immunobinding assay on nitrocellulose for the detection of bovid herpesvirus-4 antibodies. | a dot immunobinding assay (dia) was developed for the detection of antibody against bovid herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4) in bovine sera. a semipurified virus preparation was used as the antigen and an antispecies horseradish peroxidase-labeled igg and diaminobenzidine were employed as the detection system. the sensitivity and specificity of the dia were similar to those of indirect fluorescent antibody test, indicating the suitability of dia as a rapid field test for the detection of anti-bhv-4 antibodie ... | 1990 | 1965576 |
| the isolation of lumpy skin disease virus and bovine herpesvirus-4 from cattle in egypt. | lumpy skin disease (lsd) virus (lsdv) was isolated for the first time from cattle in egypt in 2 disease outbreaks. bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4) and lsdv were detected in a pooled sample from the first outbreak (suez). only lsdv was isolated from the second outbreak (ismalia). the capripoxviruses were identified as lsdv by neutralization with specific antiserum and by their ability to produce generalized lsd in experimentally inoculated cattle. | 1990 | 1965577 |
| [the etiology of "malignant catarrhal fever" originating in sheep: serological findings in cattle and sheep with ruminant gamma herpesviruses]. | in the case of the wildebeest-derived form of malignant catarrhal fever (wd-mcf) alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (alchv1) is well established as the cause. however, the etiology of the form of the disease circumstantially associated with sheep (sa-mcf) remains equivocal. a serological relationship has been proposed to exist between the unidentified sheep-associated agent causing sa-mcf and alchv1 causing wd-mcf. we attempted to confirm this hypothesis. using an indirect elisa we found 94 of 100 cattle ... | 1991 | 2068708 |
| bovine encephalitis herpesvirus. | 1990 | 2154072 | |
| serological evidence of herpesvirus infection in captive asian elephants (elephas maximus). | in mid 1988 a 3-yr-old asian elephant (elephas maximus) from a circus in switzerland died following generalized manifestation of a herpesvirus infection. in an effort to determine prevalence of infection with the herpesvirus, and due to lack of a corresponding virus isolate, it was decided to evaluate contact animals and elephants from a second herd for antibody to bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) and bovine herpesvirus 2 (bhv2). of 15 sera tested four displayed low neutralizing antibody titers to bh ... | 1990 | 2154628 |
| the biology of bovine herpesvirus-4 infection of cattle. | the biology of bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4) infection of cattle is reviewed. the infection is distributed worldwide. most of isolated viruses are non-pathogenic in cattle; some of them are able to produce a genital disease. twenty-nine structural polypeptides were described; ten of them are glycosylated. two major glycoproteins were characterized by monoclonal antibodies. restriction maps of bhv-4 dna are available for the enzymes ecori, bamhi and hindiii. the strain variations studied by restri ... | 1990 | 2155770 |
| evaluation of pregnant rabbits as a laboratory model for bovid herpesvirus-4 infection. | a field strain (87-8363) of bovid herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4) isolated from an aborted bovine fetus was used to inoculate pregnant rabbits. eleven rabbits in midgestation were alloted to 4 groups consisting of 3 infected groups and 1 control group. rabbits were inoculated with bhv-4 or mock-infected cell culture preparations via iv, intravaginal, and intrauterine routes. mild vulvovaginitis and endometritis were observed after intravaginal and iv inoculation of bhv-4, whereas intrauterine inoculation ... | 1990 | 2158255 |
| clinicopathologic analysis of herpesvirus-induced urinary tract infection in specific-pathogen-free cats given methylprednisolone. | the clinicopathologic manifestations of bovid herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4; fcahv strain)-induced infection of the lower portion of the urinary tract were characterized in 12 adult neutered male and 6 female specific-pathogen-free cats, and were compared with those in 12 neutered male control cats. six neutered male and 6 female cats were given immunosuppressive doses of methylprednisolone acetate prior to inoculation of their urinary bladders with bhv-4. six neutered male control cats were given immuno ... | 1990 | 2164332 |
| comparative genome mapping of bovine encephalitis herpesvirus, bovine herpesvirus 1, and buffalo herpesvirus. | a clone library of 11 of 15 bamhi fragments representing 81% of the 140 kilobase dna genome of the prototype bovine encephalitis herpesvirus strain n569 (behv.n569) was constructed. the clones were used to verify the bamhi, bsteii, ecori, and hindiii genomic maps for behv.n569 published by engels et al. [virus res 6: 57-73 (1986)] for the same virus although some amendments/variations to the bamhi map were found in that 3 previously unidentified restriction sites were identified. restriction sit ... | 1990 | 2167057 |
| a serological comparison of some animal herpesviruses. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) isolates (cooper-type strain 4975 and oxford) were compared in neutralization tests with the bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) isolate (85/16 tv) and the herpesviruses of red deer (d2839/1) and goats (e/ch). hyperimmune antiserum was prepared in rabbits against the plaque-selected viruses and endpoint and kinetic neutralization test were made. bhv-4 was clearly different from the other four viruses. the closely-related bhv-1 strains were also related in these tests to the ... | 1990 | 2170074 |
| clinicopathologic and pathologic findings of herpesvirus-induced urinary tract infection in conventionally reared cats. | clinicopathologic manifestations of induced infection of the feline lower urinary tract with bovid herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4, strain fcahv) were characterized in 6 conventionally reared adult cats (2 sexually intact males, 2 castrated males, and 2 females). two additional control cats were exposed with noninfected cell culture control inoculum. clinical and radiographic signs of lower urinary tract disease were not observed in exposed or control cats. microscopic hematuria was detected in urine sampl ... | 1990 | 2173448 |
| [serologic and virologic studies of selected cattle with antibodies to bovine herpesviruses]. | in order to investigate the specificity of low titer antibodies to bhv 1, twelve cattle were subjected to stress and dexamethasone treatment. they were monitored virologically by inoculating cell cultures with naso-pharyngeal-, ocular- and vaginal- or preputial swabs and serologically by assessing the prevalence and incidence of antibodies to bovine, caprine-, porcine-, and equine herpesviruses and to bovine leukemia virus. antibodies were classified as specific for bhv 1 if the animals excreted ... | 1989 | 2544992 |
| a bovine herpesvirus (bhv-4) as passenger virus in ethmoidal tumours in indian cattle. | a herpesvirus was isolated from tumours of the ethmoidal mucosa in two of three head of cattle in the state of kerala, india. the virus designated m40 was cytopathic for a variety of cultured bovine and porcine cells and it did not kill suckling mice or chicken embryos. sera from tumour-bearing cattle and goats reacted with the m40 virus. immunofluorescence tests with fitc-conjugated igg from a bovine monospecific antiserum to bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) stained the m40 virus specific antigen i ... | 1989 | 2554622 |
| bovine encephalitis herpesvirus. | 1989 | 2557703 | |
| experimental infection of bulls with a genital isolate of bovine herpesvirus-4 and reactivation of latent virus with dexamethasone. | five 13- to 18-month old belgian blue bulls were used in this experiment. four bulls (nos. 2, 3, 4 and 5) were inoculated intratesticularly with 10(5) plaque-forming units of bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4) in each testicle (day 0). the challenge bhv-4 strain was previously isolated from testicle cells of a bull exhibiting orchitis and azoospermia. the fifth bull (no. 1) was used as a control and received the same volume of uninfected cell culture supernatant. for 5 days, beginning on day 51 post-i ... | 1989 | 2558442 |
| prevalence of bovid herpesvirus-4 and its antibody in cattle in minnesota. | serologic analyses and virus isolation studies were carried out to determine the role of bovid herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4) in infections in cattle, principally those of the reproductive tract. serologic analyses were performed, using an indirect fluorescent antibody test on thoracic fluid specimens from aborted fetuses and on sera from 3 sources of adult cattle. virus isolation was attempted from field cases of abortion, early embryo death, and postpartum vulvovaginitis/metritis, using uterine dischar ... | 1989 | 2559632 |
| [research on antibodies against bhv-1, bhv-2, bhv-4, bvd-md virus, bovine adenovirus a and b, rotavirus and coronavirus in cattle in western zaire: complementary results]. | two-hundred bovine sera from western zaire were screened for antibodies to 8 viruses: bhv-1, bhv-2, bhv-4, bvd-md virus, bovine adenovirus a and b, bovine rotavirus and bovine coronavirus. positive sera were found to all these viruses. for animals whose origin was undoubted, the main features were the high prevalence of infections by rotavirus and bhv-4 and the low prevalence of infections by coronavirus and bvd-md virus. | 1989 | 2560579 |
| in vitro growth characteristics of bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) as revealed by indirect immunofluorescence assay with monoclonal antibodies and polyvalent antisera. | the bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) isolate lvr-140 growing in mdbk cell cultures was investigated by indirect immunofluorescence (if), using bovine antisera and 15 monoclonal antibodies (mab). the cytopathogenic effect was discernible between 20 and 30 hours post inoculation (p.i.) and developed slowly as has been reported for other bhv-4 strains. according to the protein specificity as revealed by radioimmunoprecipitation and the intracellular localisation of reacting antigens as detected by if, ... | 1989 | 2650658 |
| serological survey of herpesvirus infections in wild ruminants of france and belgium. | the presence of antibodies against bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), bovid herpesvirus 6 (bhv-6), herpesvirus of cervidae type 1 (hvc-1), reindeer herpesvirus, bovine herpesvirus 2 (bhv-2) and bovid herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) was investigated in wild ruminants of france and belgium between 1981 and 1986. there were no animals serologically positive for bhv-4. antibodies against bhv-2 were demonstrated in roe deer (cervus capreolus) (less than 1%) and chamois (rupicapra rupicapra) (1%) in france. animals ... | 1988 | 2836635 |
| bhv4 (bovine herpes virus 4) related disorders in belgian cattle: a study of two problem herds. | two cattle farms, with a ten year history of bhv4 related postpartum metritis accompanied by fertility problems, were monitored during the winter season 1985-1986. bhv4 was isolated from the lochia from 55% of the animals on farm a and 66% of those on farm b. respectively 59% and 30% of the animals presented postpartum metritis. in some animals virus multiplication was followed by severe leucopenia lasting several weeks. indirect immunofluorescence (iif) bhv4 seropositive as well as iif seronega ... | 1988 | 2848355 |
| comparative study of two strains of bovid herpesvirus-4. | two strains of bovid herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4), i.e. the prototype strain dn-599, obtained from a steer suffering of a respiratory disease, and the strain 85/bh 16tv, originated from a cow with vulvovaginitis, were compared in studies which included restriction endonuclease analysis, experimental infection and reciprocal cross protection tests. the restriction endonuclease analysis revealed that the resultant dna patterns of the isolates were generally similar with only a difference in one fragment. ... | 1988 | 2851406 |
| molecular epidemiology and pathogenesis of ruminant herpesviruses including bovine, buffalo and caprine herpesviruses l and bovine encephalitis herpesvirus. | restriction endonuclease dna fingerprints of herpesviruses isolated from 3 unrelated epidemics of bovine encephalitis are similar to each other and totally different from bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1). herpesviruses, antigenically related to bhv1, isolated from goats and buffalo have distinct dna fingerprints. we propose that bovine encephalitis herpesvirus is prototypic of a new bovine herpesvirus type and that alpha herpes viruses from individual ruminant species are species specific. | 1985 | 3002311 |
| studies on bovine herpesviruses. part 1. isolation and characterization of viruses isolated from the genital tract of cattle. | herpesviruses, previously isolated from cattle (theodoridis, 1978), were further studied and provisionally placed in the bovid herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) group. major differences were found between ibr-ipv (bhv-1) and bhv-4 virus strains. in mdbk cells, all bhv-4 strains started growing at the edges of the culture, the process progressing slowly until destruction of the cells was complete by the 10th day. bhv-4 strains failed to induce neutralizing antibodies in cattle, goats and rabbits. only the ad ... | 1985 | 3003650 |
| genetic relatedness of disease-associated field isolates of bovid herpesvirus type 4. | eight field isolates of bovid herpesvirus type 4 (bhv-4) were examined by restriction analysis and southern blot hybridization with respect to their relatedness to one another and to the bhv-4 prototype strain dn-599. isolates were obtained from cattle exhibiting a range of disease states including abortion, pneumonia, enteritis, metritis, and vaginal blisters. initial growth studies of all 9 viruses were performed and revealed that the overall rate of virus growth was slow when compared with th ... | 1986 | 3022624 |
| [experimental inoculation of bovine herpesvirus 4 (strain lvr 140) in pregnant and nonpregnant cows]. | ten cows (5 pregnant and 5 non pregnant) were inoculated with a bhv 4 (bovine herpes virus 4) strain lvr 140. the infection caused metritis symptoms, but only after parturition and even if the calving occurred several weeks after the inoculation. the metritis was accompanied by leucopenia. the virus was reisolated from the lochia and the lymph nodes, in some cases several weeks after parturition. a number of unexplained mortalities was observed during the experiment. the evolution of antibodies ... | 1986 | 3022635 |
| reactivation in calves of latent infection by bovid herpesvirus-4. | nine calves, six of which had been infected with strain 85/bh 16tv and three with strain 85/bh 232tn of bovid herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4), were treated with dexamethasone (dms) three months after infection. dms administration did not induce any clinical signs of disease, but bhv-4 was isolated from the nasal swabbings of all calves for a maximum of 8 days after the start of dms treatment. the virus was also isolated from the nerve tissues, nasal mucosa, lymph nodes, lung and spleen of 4 calves that we ... | 1987 | 3033450 |
| experimental infection of calves with strains of bovid herpesvirus-4. | fourteen calves were inoculated intranasally (i.n.) with the viral isolates as follows: 5 with 85/bh 16tv, 1 with 85/bh 17tv, 1 with 85/bh 18tv, 2 with 85/bh 231tn and 5 with 85/bh 232tn. strain 85/bh 16tv was the only one which caused overt respiratory-like disease in all inoculated calves. onset of the disease was observed after 7-8 days of incubation and was characterized by fever, depression, nasal discharge and coughing. virus was isolated from the nasal swabbings of calves obtained from po ... | 1987 | 3034501 |
| serologic cross-reaction between bovine herpesviruses 1 and 4 by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | reciprocal cross-titrations using constant concentrations of bovine antiserum (1: 100) to either bovine herpesvirus (bhv) 1 or bhv 4 (obtained from controlled infection status) against varying concentrations of both viral antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) indicated a subtle difference between the antigenic composition of these 2 agents. although control antiserum consistently yielded higher elisa titers against homologous viral antigen, a considerable cross-reactivity between ... | 1984 | 6087088 |
| recrudescence of bovine herpesvirus-5 in experimentally infected calves. | a latent infection of bovine herpesvirus-5 (bhv-5) was established in 4 calves. these calves, plus 2 controls, were given dexamethasone (dm) to reactivate the latent virus. the 4 principal calves developed antibodies to bhv-5 by postinoculation day (pid) 21. antibody titers increased until pid 42 before decreasing to low levels of pid 75. after the first dm treatment (started on pid 76), an anamnestic antibody response was demonstrated in the 4 principal calves. calves, 2, 3, and 4 were euthanat ... | 1982 | 6283960 |
| experimental infection of rabbits with bovine herpesvirus-4: acute and persistent infection. | a strain of bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4) isolated from bovine cases of mammary pustular dermatitis was used for experimental infection of rabbits. the strain is serologically indistinguishable from the group prototype movar 33/63 and from the american isolate dn599. groups of rabbits were inoculated by various routes. intravaginal and conjunctival inoculations resulted in vulvovaginitis and conjunctivitis, respectively, and in shedding of virus. the rabbits seroconverted for the virus, with high ... | 1982 | 6301139 |
| bovine herpesvirus-5 (dn599) antigens in cells derived from bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma. | bovine herpesvirus 5 antigens were detected by indirect immunofluorescence in the cytoplasm of tumor cells derived from bovine ocular squamous cell carcinomas. the number of tumor cells expressing bovine herpesvirus 5 antigens was increased following exposure to ultraviolet light or maintenance in ph 8.4 media. infectious virus could not be detected in homogenates of tumors or by explantation of tumors. however, medium removed from the ocular tumor explants induced cytoplasmic vacuolization, inc ... | 1982 | 6751509 |
| the replication in vitro of the gammaherpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 4 is restricted by its dna synthesis dependence on the s phase of the cell cycle. | because several observations have suggested that replication of the gammaherpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) is influenced by the physiological state of the host cell, a study was carried out to determine the relationship between bhv-4 infection and the cell cycle. the temporal expression of bhv-4 late (l) proteins in unsynchronized cell cultures was first investigated by flow cytometry. interestingly, l protein expression occurred in a limited number of cells infected with a high multiplic ... | 1995 | 7491758 |
| molecular basis of antigenic variation between the glycoproteins c of respiratory bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) and neurovirulent bhv-5. | herpesvirus glycoprotein c (gc) functions as a major virus attachment protein. the gc sequence of the neurovirulent bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) virus was determined and compared with the gc sequence of the nonneurovirulent bhv-1. alignment of the predicted amino acid sequences of bhv-1 and bhv-5 gc orfs showed that the amino-terminal third of the protein differed between the two viruses. whole or subgenomic fragments of gc coding regions from both viruses were expressed as trpe-gc fusion p ... | 1995 | 7491780 |
| interaction of bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) immediate early 2 gene product with bhv-4 thymidine kinase promoter-regulatory region. | to understand the mechanism of regulation of bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) early gene expression by immediate-early (ie) gene products, we studied activation of expression of the bhv-4 early gene encoding thymidine kinase (tk). bhv-4 encodes two ie rnas. ie rna 2 encodes a protein with predicted amino acid sequence similarity to the epstein-barr virus (ebv) r transactivator. the bhv-4 tk promoter-regulatory region was specifically transactivated approximately 9-fold by the ie2 gene product in tra ... | 1995 | 7595347 |
| diagnosis of encephalitic bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) infection in cattle: virus isolation and immunohistochemical detection of antigen in formalin-fixed bovine brain tissues. | 1995 | 7619909 | |
| antigenic differences between the major glycoproteins of bovine herpesvirus type 1.1 and bovine encephalitis herpesvirus type 1.3. | differences in the antigenic structure of the major glycoproteins, gi, giii and giv, of bovine herpesvirus type 1.1 (bhv1.1) and the neurovirulent bhv1.3 were demonstrated with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) prepared against the bhv1.1 glycoproteins. glycoprotein giii of bhv1.3 was the most dissimilar, reacting with only four of 15 giii-specific mabs. glycoproteins gi and giv of bhv1.3 reacted with eight of 11 and eight of 12 specific mabs, respectively. monospecific bovine antisera to ... | 1993 | 7688409 |
| amplification of strains of bovine herpesvirus 1 by use of polymerase chain reaction with primers in the thymidine kinase region. | a primer pair was designed from the published nucleotide sequence of the coding region of the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) thymidine kinase (tk) gene for use in detection of the virus by use of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of 12 bhv-1 strains (3 atcc and 9 local isolates). a tk deletion mutant bhv-1, and 2 bhv-4 strains from atcc were used as negative controls. one strain each of feline herpes-virus, equine herpesvirus, and bovine adenovirus, and 2 noninoculated bovine cultured ... | 1994 | 7802385 |
| [development of pcr tests for the detection of bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine respiratory syncytial viruses and pestiviruses]. | the development of pcr assays for detection of bhv-1, brsv, bvdv and another pestiviruses is summarized. a polymerase chain reaction assay based on primers selected from the viral gi glycoprotein gene detected 3 fg pure bhv-1 dna, 0.1-1.0 tcid50 or a single infected cell. no amplification was observed with dna from bhv-2, bhv-3, bhv-4, ohv-1 or ohv-2. however, a fragment of the correct size (468 bp) was amplified using dna from herpesviruses isolated from reindeer, red deer and goat. the pcr ass ... | 1994 | 7817501 |
| rapid detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv 1) using the polymerase chain reaction. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay based on primers from the viral gi glycoprotein gene detected 3 fg pure bhv-1 dna, 0.1-1.0 tcid50 or a single infected cell. no amplification was observed with dna from bhv-2, bhv-3, bhv-4, ohv-1 or ohv-2. however, a fragment of the correct size was amplified using dna from herpesviruses isolated from reindeer, red deer and goats. the pcr assay was able to detect virus in nasal swabs up to 14 days after experimental infection of cattle and there was a good ... | 1994 | 7839585 |
| glycoprotein b of bovine herpesvirus type 4: its phylogenetic relationship to gb equivalents of the herpesviruses. | in order to estimate the phylogenetic relationship of bhv-4 among the herpesviruses, we have cloned and sequenced its glycoprotein b (gb). the 2.6 kb open reading frame codes for a 874 amino acid long protein. the comparison of its deduced amino acid sequence with those of its counterparts in 19 distinct herpesviruses groups bhv-4 into the gamma-herpesvirinae. the calculation of an evolutionary tree emphasized that bhv-4 is more closely related to herpesvirus saimiri (hvs) than to epstein-barr v ... | 1994 | 7871762 |
| variability occurs in the inverted repeat region of genomic dna from bovine herpesvirus 1 respiratory, genital and bovine herpesvirus 5 encephalitic isolates. | restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) were detected within bhv1.1, bhv1.2, and bhv5 genomes using the restriction enzyme psti. the genomic areas of these changes has not been previously reported. using southern blot hybridization with dna probes representing the entire genome of bhv1.1, areas of genomic variation were located for a respiratory isolate (bhv1.1), four vaccine isolates (bhv1.1), a genital isolate (bhv1.2), and two encephalitic isolates (bhv5). the most frequently observ ... | 1993 | 7907451 |
| [development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies against bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) in sheep sera]. | the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was first developed for the detection of antibodies against bhv-5 in sheep sera. investigations of various antigen (ag) preparations revealed that bhv material which had been purified across a sucrose gradient using sonification followed by ultracentrifugation gave satisfactory results during application in elisa. optimal coating of the solid phase was achieved with ag adsorption at 4 degrees c overnight with 5 micrograms of virus material/m ... | 1993 | 8261905 |
| attachment of the gammaherpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 4 is mediated by the interaction of gp8 glycoprotein with heparinlike moieties on the cell surface. | cell surface heparan sulfate serves as the initial receptor for several alphaherpesviruses and at least one betaherpesvirus. this study shows that during the process of adsorption of the gammaherpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4), the viral glycoprotein gp8 interacts with heparinlike moieties of cell surface. this conclusion is based on the following findings. (i) soluble heparin was capable of blocking bhv-4 infection of georgia bovine kidney cells by inhibition of viral attachment. (ii) nev ... | 1993 | 8356795 |
| characterization of a bovine herpesvirus 4 immediate-early rna encoding a homolog of the epstein-barr virus r transactivator. | immediate-early (ie) rna 2, the less abundant of two bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) rnas detected in madin-darby bovine kidney cells infected in the presence of cycloheximide, is a 1.8-kb cytoplasmic polyadenylated rna transcribed from the 8.3-kb hindiii fragment f. the structure of ie rna 2 has been determined by s1 nuclease and exonuclease vii mapping, primer extension analysis, and sequencing of a partial cdna. ie rna 2 consists of a short, approximately 60-nucleotide 5' exon spliced to a 1.8-k ... | 1993 | 8380465 |
| persistence of bovid herpesvirus-4 in experimentally inoculated pregnant rabbits. | to study the persistence and reactivation of bovid herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4), pregnant rabbits were inoculated with bhv-4 via the intrauterine route. disease production and virus shedding were monitored for up to 67 days post infection (dpi). virus isolation was attempted from nasal, vaginal and buffy coat samples of all rabbits. virus shedding was observed between 5 and 12 dpi but not thereafter. some of the animals were given intramuscular injections of dexamethasone (dex) for 4 consecutive days s ... | 1993 | 8385734 |
| resistance and susceptibility of bovine cells expressing herpesviral glycoprotein d homologs to herpesviral infections. | bovine cell lines individually expressing two related herpesviral proteins, pseudorabies virus glycoprotein 50 and herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein d, were examined for their susceptibility/resistance to infection with several alphaherpesviruses. cell lines expressing gp50 or gd-1 resisted plaque formation by the homologous virus more than by the heterologous viruses. bovine cells expressing bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein iv (giv) were susceptible to infection with three other bovine ... | 1993 | 8386880 |
| [detection of bovine herpesvirus-1 using the dot-blot hybridization method]. | with the development of molecular biology in the 1980s methods of microorganism detection start to innovate. one of the main advantages of the molecular-genetic methods, namely hybridization of nucleic acids and pcr methods, is the detection of genome of microorganism without the need for cellular cultivation. to detect bhv-1 (etiological agens ibr-ipv) the dot-blot hybridization method on nitrocellulose filters was used together with different types of dna probes (two-fiber recombinant plasmids ... | 1993 | 8390122 |
| development of a dna probe for identification of bovine herpesvirus 4. | a sensitive and specific dna probe for detection and identification of bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) was developed. cloned fragments from a library of hindiii fragments of the bhv-4 (dn-599) genome were labeled with 32p or digoxigenin and were tested for sensitivity and specificity in detecting viral dna by dot-blot hybridization. two probes were identified that detected 10 pg of purified viral dna, and detected viral dna in 0.001 micrograms of total dna extracted from bhv-4-infected cells. both ... | 1993 | 8391228 |
| studies of in vivo distribution of bovine herpesvirus type 4 in the natural host. | the in vivo distribution of bovine herpesvirus type 4 (bhv-4) was examined by testing nasal and conjunctival exudates, peripheral blood leukocytes, and various organs of experimentally infected calves. for virus detection, a nested pcr assay, virus isolation, and immunohistochemistry were applied. the nervous system and the muscles were free of viral dna. liver and intestinal lymph nodes contained low amounts of virus (less than two copies per 1 microgram of cellular dna). intestinal, tonsil, th ... | 1996 | 8727882 |
| bovine herpesvirus type-4 (bhv-4) persistently infects cells of the marginal zone of spleen in cattle. | bovine herpes virus type 4 (bhv-4) has the ability to persist during long post-infection periods in spleen and other lymphoreticular tissues of cattle and laboratory rabbits. our previous studies indicated that splenic macrophages are the main reservoir of this persistent herpesvirus infection in rabbits. now we report the use of in situ hybridization (ish) and cell separation methods to characterize the cellular localization of persistent bhv-4 in cattle. using cloned sub-genomic probes of bhv- ... | 1996 | 8827706 |
| establishment of a rabbit model for bovine herpesvirus type 5 neurological acute infection. | this study was conducted to evaluate the suitability of the rabbit as a model for bovine, herpesvirus 5 (bhv-5) acute infection. in a preliminary experiment, a total of 24 one-month old new zealand white rabbits were inoculated with bhv-5 or bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) by the intraconjunctival, intracerebral or intranasal routes. bhv-5 or bhv-1 inoculated in the conjunctiva induced virus proliferation in the eye mucosae and the nasal cavity of rabbits without meningo-encephalitis. on the other ... | 1996 | 8828120 |
| identification and characterization of the bovine herpesvirus 5 us4 gene and gene products. | the bhv-5 strain n569 (bhv-5/n569) homolog to the bhv-1 us4 gene was sequenced and characterized. rna analyses showed that a 1.8-kb mrna which contains the bhv-5/n569 us4 open reading frame initiates 55 nucleotides upstream from the predicted translational start codon and terminates 17 nucleotides downstream from the consensus sequence for polyadenylation. comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the predicted us4 encoded proteins of bhv-5/n569 and bhv-1 strain schönböken (bhv-1/schö) r ... | 1996 | 8918539 |
| characterization of an abundant, unique 1.7-kilobase bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) late rna and mapping of a bhv-4 ie2 transactivator-binding site in its promoter-regulatory region. | we characterized an abundant late 1.7-kb cytoplasmic polyadenylated rna (l1.7 rna) transcribed from the bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) hindiii w fragment, in a region of the genome not conserved with epstein-barr virus and herpesvirus saimiri. l1.7 rna contains only extremely short (<100 nucleotides) open reading frames followed by two repeat arrays. the first repeat array contains 11 copies of a 23-bp unit, tggcacta gtagcatttaacccc. the second and third copies are each interrupted by 15- to 17-bp ... | 1997 | 8985381 |
| bovine herpesvirus 4: genomic organization and relationship with two other gammaherpesviruses, epstein-barr virus and herpesvirus saimiri. | bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) belongs to the gammaherpesvirinae subfamily. although the whole sequence of bhv-4 genome is not known it was possible, based on random sequencing, to assume that its genomic organization consists of genes clustered in blocks whose orientation and location in the genome are conserved within a herpesvirus subfamily. between these blocks lie genes which are specific to either a particular virus or a virus subfamily. bhv-4 genome consists of 5 gene blocks conserved among ... | 1996 | 9011000 |
| analysis of bovine herpesvirus 4 genomic regions located outside the conserved gammaherpesvirus gene blocks. | bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) dna sequences located outside the gene blocks conserved among the gammaherpesviruses bhv-4, herpesvirus saimiri (hvs) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) were analysed. twelve potential open reading frames (orfs) were found. protein database comparisons showed that no orf translation products were similar to proteins encoded by alpha- or betaherpesviruses. nevertheless, six of the orfs were homologous in amino acid sequences to proteins encoded by hvs but apparently not to ... | 1995 | 9049390 |
| herpesviral abortion in domestic animals. | abortion or neonatal disease may follow infection with several alpha, beta and gamma-herpesviruses. the alpha-herpesvirus, equid herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1), causes single or epizootic abortions or neonatal deaths in equids, and the closely related virus ehv-4 causes sporadic equine abortions. in cattle, the alpha-herpesviruses, bovine herpesvirus-1 (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus) and bovine herpesvirus-5 (bovine encephalitis virus), and a gamma-herpesvirus, bovine herpesvirus-4, have all be ... | 1997 | 9232116 |
| histological studies of bovine herpesvirus type 4 infection in non-ruminant species. | the pathology of bovine herpesvirus type 4 (bhv-4) infection was studied in cats, rabbits and guinea pigs. twenty kittens, twenty-two rabbits and ten guinea pigs, some treated with glucocorticoid-were inoculated with a bhv-4 strain of feline origin, via various routes of inoculation (conjunctival, intranasal, peritoneal). clinical signs were recorded. after euthanizing at different post inoculation days macro- and microscopic changes were observed by necropsy and in hematoxylin-eosin stained his ... | 1997 | 9355262 |
| neuropathology of bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) meningo-encephalitis in a rabbit seizure model. | the suitability of a rabbit seizure model for studying the neuropathogenesis of bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) encephalitis was evaluated. intranasal administration of bhv-5 (strain tx89) together with intramuscular administration of dexamethasone produced seizures in 70% of rabbits tested and meningo-encephalitis in 100%. infectious bhv-5 was consistently isolated from the following sites: olfactory bulb; anterior cortex, containing the frontal cortex, olfactory tract and anterior portion of ... | 1997 | 9502267 |
| pcr studies on the potential sites for latency of bhv-4 in calves. | the aim of the study was to examine various tissues of experimentally infected calves for the bhv-4 genome so as to detect in which cells the virus persists during the latent phase of the infection. the presence of the bovine herpesvirus type 4 genome was detected by a nested pcr in a variety of tissues collected from two susceptible calves experimentally infected 62 days earlier. mild clinical signs of bronchitis, an elevated body temperature for 2-3 days, and a slightly increased number of blo ... | 1998 | 9618893 |
| replication of bovine herpesvirus type 4 in human cells in vitro. | a reference strain (movár 33/63) of bovine herpesvirus type 4 (bhv-4) was inoculated into 14 different human cell lines and five primary cell cultures representing various human tissues. bhv-4 replicated in two embryonic lung cell lines, mrc-5 and wistar-38, and in a giant-cell glioblastoma cell culture. cytopathic effect and intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed in these cells. pcr detected a 10,000-times-higher level of bhv-4 dna. titration of the supernatant indicated a 100-fold increas ... | 1998 | 9650976 |
| characterization of a bovine herpesvirus 4(bhv-4) 1.1-kb rna and its transactivation by bhv-4 immediate-early 2 gene product. | we determined the structure of a 1.1-kb cytoplasmic polyadenylated rna transcribed from a region of the bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) genome not conserved among gammaherpesviruses by sequencing its cdna, by s1 nuclease analysis, and by primer extension analysis. we found that the rna consists of a short, approximately 193-nucleotide (nt), 5' exon spliced to a 799-nt 3' exon and contains two short (53 and 57 codons) overlapping open reading frames (orfs). the 53-codon orf was previously designated ... | 1998 | 9930195 |
| encephalitis induced by bovine herpesvirus 5 and protection by prior vaccination or infection with bovine herpesvirus 1. | calves were intranasally challenged with bovine herpesvirus 5 (bhv5) and followed for the development of viral infection, clinical encephalitis, histologic lesions in the brain, and viral sequences in the trigeminal ganglia. calves that were previously vaccinated with bovine herepesvirus 1 (bhv1, n = 4) or previously infected with bhv1 (n = 5) or that had not been exposed to either virus (n = 4) were compared. no calf developed signs of encephalitis, although all calves developed an infection as ... | 1999 | 10098684 |
| studies of genetic relationships between bovine, caprine, cervine, and rangiferine alphaherpesviruses and improved molecular methods for virus detection and identification. | the glycoprotein b (gb) and d (gd) genes from five ruminant alphaherpesviruses, bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), bovine herpesvirus 5 (bhv-5), caprine herpesvirus 1 (caphv-1), cervine herpesvirus 1, and rangiferine herpesvirus 1, were partially sequenced. the nucleotide sequence alignments revealed a highly conserved gb gene, with homologies ranging between 87.2 and 99.6%, and a more variable gd gene, with homologies ranging between 71.3 and 98.9%. the phylogenetic analysis of the gb and gd nucleot ... | 1999 | 10203465 |
| experimental infection of sheep with bovine herpesvirus type-5 (bhv-5): acute and latent infection. | we demonstrated that sheep are susceptible to acute and latent infection by bovine herpesvirus type-5 (bhv-5). lambs inoculated intranasally with two south american bhv-5 isolates replicated the virus with titers up to 10(7.1) tcid50/ml for up to 15 days and showed mild signs of rhinitis. four lambs in contact with the inoculated animals acquired the infection and excreted virus for up to seven days. one lamb developed progressive signs of neurological disease and was euthanized in extremis. cli ... | 1999 | 10227471 |
| dot immunobinding assay for detection of bovine herpesvirus 4 antibodies in rabbits. | a dot immunobinding assay (dia) was used for the detection of antibody against bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) in experimentally infected specific-pathogen-free male and female rabbits. a semipurified virus preparation was used as the antigen, and protein a/g-horseradish-peroxidase conjugate and diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride were used as the detection system. results of the dia procedure on serum samples of experimentally infected male and female rabbits were compared with those of a compleme ... | 1999 | 10353354 |
| periodic reappearance of bovine herpesvirus type 4 dna in the sera of naturally and experimentally infected rabbits and calves. | a bhv-4 specific nested pcr was used for the detection of viral dna in serum samples of rabbits and calves. all animals were followed up for 62 days, blood samples were taken for pcr studies every second day. maternal infection of calves resulted in the repeated regular reappearance (10-14 days) of the virus (dna) in serum samples. when pcr positive five-day-old calves were infected with tissue culture adapted virus, the reappearance of the dna in the serum was shown to be irregular, nevertheles ... | 1999 | 10391507 |
| studies on the pathogenicity of bovine herpesvirus type 5 in sheep. | four merino lambs were intranasally inoculated with bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) reference strain n569. two lambs were mock-inoculated as negative controls. the virus-inoculated animals developed apathy, inappetence, rhinitis, nasal, ocular and genital discharge, slight diarrhea and neurological disorders, like tremor and salivation. bhv-5 was isolated from the nasal discharge in two of the animals, while the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) detected the virus in all the infected lambs. two ... | 1999 | 10391508 |
| health status of bulls used for natural breeding on farms in south west scotland. | one hundred and nine breeding bulls were examined during the period november 1992 to june 1993 on farms in south west scotland for evidence of infectious diseases associated with breeding. preputial washings were collected to screen for campylobacter fetus venerialis, together with serial blood samples to assess their seroprevalence to bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv), bovine herpes virus-1 (bhv-1), leptospira hardjo and bovine herpes virus-4 (bhv-4). the possible impact of natural mating on ... | 1999 | 10416365 |
| spread of bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) in the rabbit brain after intranasal inoculation. | following intranasal inoculation of wild-type bhv-5 in rabbits, we studied the sequential transneuronal passage of the virus in the cns by immunocytochemistry, histopathology, and virus isolation. at 4 and 6 days postinfection (d.p.i.), rabbits had no or mild neurological signs, and virus was isolated only from the olfactory bulbs. at 8 and 9 d.p.i., infected rabbits had severe neurological signs, and virus could be isolated from multiple regions of the brain segments. in these rabbits, high tit ... | 1999 | 10568884 |
| identification and characterization of bovine herpesvirus type 5 glycoprotein h gene and gene products. | bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) is the causative agent of a fatal meningo-encephalitis in calves and is closely related to bhv-1 which causes infectious bovine rhinotracheitis. the gene encoding bhv-5 glycoprotein gh was sequenced. a high degree of conservation was found between bhv-1 and bhv-5 deduced gh amino acid sequences (86. 4%), which is also observed for all alphaherpesvirus gh sequences. transcriptional analysis revealed a 3.1 kb mrna as the specific gh transcript which was detected 2 ... | 1999 | 10580046 |
| persistent infection of bovine herpesvirus type 4 in bovine endothelial cell cultures. | herpesviruses can establish a persistent infection in the cells and tissues of their natural hosts and thus may produce diseases due to cytolytic infections. we have isolated a herpesvirus from a bovine vascular endothelial cell culture after continuous subculturing. typical cytopathic changes were observed in bovine endothelial cell cultures 2 days after inoculation of the virus. the virus had an icosahedral nucleocapsid of 100-150 nm in diameter and an envelope. the sequences of some dna fragm ... | 1999 | 10591496 |
| improved detection of five closely related ruminant alphaherpesviruses by specific amplification of viral genomic sequences. | the detection and discrimination of five closely related ruminant alphaherpesviruses, bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), bovine herpesvirus 5 (bhv-5), caprine herpesvirus 1 (caphv-1), cervine herpesvirus 1 (cerhv-1), and rangiferine herpesvirus 1 (ranhv-1), were achieved by the development of specific pcr systems. the highly variable n-terminal of the glycoprotein c was chosen to select the diagnostic primers, except for the cerhv-1 primers, which targeted the glycoprotein d region. all the assays pr ... | 1999 | 10598083 |
| experimental infection with bovine herpesvirus-4 enhances atherosclerotic process in rabbits. | an association of herpesvirus and atherosclerosis has been suggested by seroepidemiologic studies and detection of the virus in arterial tissues. to facilitate the studies of the pathogenic role of herpesvirus in atherosclerosis, we established a rabbit model of atherosclerosis with bovine herpesvirus type-4 (bhv-4). forty new zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into six groups. groups 1, 2, and 3 were inoculated iv with bhv-4 and control groups 4, 5, and 6 with normal saline. groups 1 a ... | 2000 | 10652997 |
| bovine herpesvirus 5 glycoprotein e is important for neuroinvasiveness and neurovirulence in the olfactory pathway of the rabbit. | glycoprotein e (ge) is important for full virulence potential of the alphaherpesviruses in both natural and laboratory hosts. the ge sequence of the neurovirulent bovine herpesvirus 5 (bhv-5) was determined and compared with that of the nonneurovirulent bhv-1. alignment of the predicted amino acid sequences of bhv-1 and bhv-5 ge open reading frames showed that they had 72% identity and 77% similarity. to determine the role of ge in the differential neuropathogenesis of bhv-1 and bhv-5, we have c ... | 2000 | 10666239 |
| antiapoptotic herpesvirus bcl-2 homologs escape caspase-mediated conversion to proapoptotic proteins. | the antiapoptotic bcl-2 and bcl-x(l) proteins of mammals are converted into potent proapoptotic factors when they are cleaved by caspases, a family of apoptosis-inducing proteases (e. h.-y. cheng, d. g. kirsch, r. j. clem, r. ravi, m. b. kastan, a. bedi, k. ueno, and j. m. hardwick, science 278:1966-1968, 1997; r. j. clem, e. h.-y. cheng, c. l. karp, d. g. kirsch, k. ueno, a. takahashi, m. b. kastan, d. e. griffin, w. c. earnshaw, m. a. veliuona, and j. m. hardwick, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 95 ... | 2000 | 10799576 |
| establishment of a cell line persistently infected with bovine herpesvirus-4 by use of a recombinant virus. | bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4), a gammaherpesvirus lacking a clear disease association, productively infects multiple cell lines of various species and causes cell death. a human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line, rd-4, infected with bhv-4 produced low levels of early and late viral rnas and infectious virus, but exhibited no cytopathic effect. using a recombinant bhv-4 containing a neomycin-resistance gene, we established rd-4-derived cell lines persistently infected with bhv-4. the viral genome in thes ... | 2000 | 10859387 |
| transfection of bovine cell culture with bovine herpesvirus 4 dna obtained by cell nuclear extraction. | bovine herpes virus 4 (bhv-4) is a gamma-herpesvirus not associated with clearly defined clinical entities in cattle. the bhv-4 genome consists of a linear dsdna of approximately 145 kbp which is only partially characterized and sequenced. we set up a rapid and practical method to isolate bhv-4 dna from infected cell culture. microfuged infected cells after exposure to high salt concentration and detergent allowed viral dna to be purified. electrophoretic analysis of the digested dna showed a co ... | 2000 | 10872682 |
| a rapid and sensitive pcr-based diagnostic assay to detect bovine herpesvirus 1 in routine diagnostic submissions. | we describe a rapid, sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for the detection of bhv1 dna in a range of routine diagnostic submissions without the need for prior virus isolation. the assay, which is based on the selected amplification of a portion of the viral tk gene, detected both bhv1.1 and bhv1.2 subtypes in a panel of 15 characterised field isolates, and its sensitivity was estimated to be <0.125 tcid(50). bhv2, alcephaline herpesvirus, bhv4, equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv1 ... | 2000 | 10889405 |
| neurovirulence of glycoprotein c(gc)-deleted bovine herpesvirus type-5 (bhv-5) and bhv-5 expressing bhv-1 gc in a rabbit seizure model. | herpesvirus glycoprotein c (gc) is one of the major virus attachment proteins. bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) causes respiratory and genital diseases in cattle, whereas bhv-5 causes acute meningoencephalitis in calves. the gc gene sequence of these two viruses are substantially different. to determine the contribution of the bhv-5 glycoprotein gc (gc5) to the neuropathogenesis of bhv-5, we have constructed two bhv-5 recombinants: gc-deleted bhv-5 (bhv-5gcdelta) and bhv-5 expressing bhv1 gc (b ... | 2000 | 10951552 |
| malignant catarrhal fever: polymerase chain reaction survey for ovine herpesvirus 2 and other persistent herpesvirus and retrovirus infections of dairy cattle and bison. | using a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) test for sequences of ovine herpesvirus 2 (ohv2), this virus was shown to be significantly associated with sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (sa-mcf) in terminal cases of disease in 34 cattle and 53 bison. ovine herpesvirus 2 was not detected in cattle (38) and bison (10) that succumbed to other diseases. other persistent herpesviruses, retroviruses, and pestivirus, some of which have been previously isolated from cases of sa-mcf, were not associa ... | 2000 | 11021426 |
| the gamma-2-herpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 4 causes apoptotic infection in permissive cell lines. | increasing evidence suggests that regulation of apoptosis in infected cells is associated with several viral infections. the gammaherpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv-4) has been shown to harbor genes with antiapoptotic potentialities. however, here we have demonstrated that productive infection of adherent, permissive cell lines by bhv-4 resulted in a cytopathic effect characterized by induction of apoptosis. this phenomenon was confirmed using different techniques to detect apoptosis and usin ... | 2000 | 11062033 |
| glycoprotein c of bovine herpesvirus 5 (bhv-5) confers a distinct heparin-binding phenotype to bhv-1. | bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) causes respiratory and genital diseases in cattle, whereas the closely related bhv-5 can induce severe meningoencephalitis in calves. to characterize bhv-5 glycoprotein c (gc5) within the backbone of bhv-1, three consecutive recombinant viruses were constructed: a deletion mutant (rbhv-1delta gc blue) with gc replaced by the lacz gene, an exchange mutant (rbhv-1gc5) with the lacz of bhv-1delta gc blue exchanged by gc5, and a rescue mutant (rescue bhv-1) from rbh ... | 2000 | 11087091 |
| prevalence of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4) in cattle from ethiopia. | a serological study was done to establish the occurrence and determine the prevalence of two important respiratory tract pathogens, bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4), in cattle in ethiopia. prevalence rates for specific antibodies of 92.5% and 22.3% were recorded for brsv and bhv-4, respectively. the presence of antibodies against these viruses in cattle from ethiopia is recorded for the first time in this report. our data suggests diseases caused by thes ... | 2000 | 11153233 |
| a bovine macrophage cell line supports bovine herpesvirus-4 persistent infection. | although bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4), a gammaherpesvirus lacking a clear disease association, has been demonstrated in many tissues during persistent bhv-4 infection, a likely site of virus persistence is in cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. to establish an in vitro model of persistent infection potentially useful for examining the molecular mechanisms of bhv-4 persistence/latency, we infected the bovine macrophage cell line bomac. following extensive cell death, surviving cells were fo ... | 2001 | 11297693 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus 4 glycoprotein b and thymidine kinase dna by pcr assays in bovine milk. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed to detect bovine herpesvirus 4 (bhv4) glycoprotein b (gb) dna, and a nested-pcr assay was modified for the detection of bhv4 thymidine kinase (tk) dna in bovine milk samples. to identify false-negative pcr results, internal control templates were constructed, added to milk samples, and co-amplified with viral dna using the same primers for both templates. specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility of the two pcr assays were examined. in bo ... | 2001 | 11483221 |
| development of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction for the differentiation of bovine herpesvirus-1 and -5. | bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) and bovine herpesvirus-5 (bhv-5) are closely related viruses which exhibit some important differences at the genetic and immunogenic levels which may explain the differences in their pathogenicity and epidemiological characteristics. a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-pcr) was developed to detect and differentiate between bhv-1 and bhv-5. in this m-pcr two pairs of primers (tk1, tk2 and gd1, gd2) were used in the same reaction mix to amplify a thymidine kinase ... | 2001 | 11708680 |
| latent infection by bovine herpesvirus type-5 in experimentally infected rabbits: virus reactivation, shedding and recrudescence of neurological disease. | latent infection with bovine herpesvirus type-5 (bhv-5) was established in rabbits inoculated with two south american isolates (evi-88 and 613) by intranasal or conjunctival routes. nine rabbits (613, 8/27; evi-88, 1/34) developed neurological disease and died during acute infection and other three (613, n=2; evi-88, n=1) developed a delayed neurological disease, at days 34, 41 and 56 post-inoculation (p.i.). between days 56 and 62 p.i., the remaining rabbits were submitted to five daily adminis ... | 2002 | 11750137 |