Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
design of the ataq peptide and its evaluation as an immunogen to develop a rhipicephalus vaccine.tick infestation may cause several problems including affecting domestic animal health and reducing the production of meat and milk, among others. resistance to several classes of acaricides have been reported, forcing researchers to search for alternative measures, such as vaccines against ticks, to ensure tick control while having no or at least low negative impacts on the environment and public health. however, the current commercially available vaccines in different strains of rhipicephalus ...201627084468
species diversity and spatial distribution of ixodid ticks on small ruminants in greece.a cross sectional field study on the distribution of ixodidae ticks was carried out over two consecutive tick seasons (2012 and 2013) in small ruminants (309 farms) located in mainland and five islands of greece. a total of 2108 ticks (1199 females, 908 males, and 1 nymph) were collected from sheep and goats. two species of rhipicephalus, two of ixodes, five of hyalomma, three of haemaphysalis, and one of dermacentor were detected. the species with the widest distribution were rhipicephalus sang ...201627655133
diversity and distribution of tick species (acari: ixodidae) associated with human otoacariasis and socio-ecological risk factors of tick infestations in sri lanka.tick infestation in humans is a major public health concern. the diversity and distribution of tick species associated with human otoacariasis was studied in five districts: anuradhapura, kandy, kurunegala, nuwara eliya and ratnapura in the main agro-climatic zones of sri lanka. ticks from patients attending the ear, nose and throat clinics of the general hospitals were collected during a 3 year period. in total 426 ticks were collected. most human otoacariasis cases were reported from kandy (33 ...201627382981
prevalence of ixodid ticks on cattle and sheep northeast of iran.a survey was carried out to investigate the prevalence of hard tick species (acari: ixodidae) on cattle and sheep north of iran. the aim of study was to determine the prevalence of hard ticks on cattle and sheep in the mountainous areas of golestan province and their geographical distribution. a total of 26 ticks were collected from 22 infested cattle and 26 ticks were collected from 12 infested sheep during activating seasons of ticks in 2013-2014. the species collected from cattle and sheep we ...201627605782
quantification of brown dog tick repellents, 2-hexanone and benzaldehyde, and release from tick-resistant beagles, canis lupus familiaris.we have recently shown that repellency of the tick rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato by the tick resistant dog breed, the beagle, is mediated by volatile organic compounds (vocs) 2-hexanone and benzaldehyde present in beagle odour. ectoparasite location of animal hosts is affected by variation in these odour components and their ratios. the aim of this study was to quantify the release rate, and the ratio, of 2-hexanone and benzaldehyde from beagles. the odour of three beagles was collected, f ...201627085013
morphological alterations in salivary glands of rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks (acari: ixodidae) exposed to neem seed oil with known azadirachtin concentration.neem (azadirachta indica) has attracted the attention of researchers worldwide due to its repellent properties and recognized effects on the morphology and physiology of arthropods, including ticks. therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate the effects of neem seed oil enriched with azadirachtin on salivary glands of rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks, targets of great veterinary interest because of their ability to transmit pathogens to dogs. for this, r. sanguineus semi-engorged females were subj ...201626852009
ectoparasites of free-roaming domestic cats in the central united states.free-roaming domestic cat (felis catus) populations serve as a valuable resource for studying ectoparasite prevalence. while they share a similar environment as owned cats, free-roaming cats do not receive routine veterinary care or ectoparasiticide application, giving insight into parasite risks for owned animals. we examined up to 673 infested cats presented to a trap-neuter-return (tnr) clinic in the central united states. ectoparasite prevalences on cats were as follows: fleas (71.6%), ticks ...201627692321
determination of the effective dose of a novel oral formulation of sarolaner (simparica™) for the treatment and month-long control of fleas and ticks on dogs.three laboratory studies were conducted to determine the appropriate dose of sarolaner, a novel isoxazoline, for the treatment and month-long control of infestations of fleas and ticks on dogs. in the first study, dogs were treated orally with sarolaner suspension formulations at 1.25, 2.5 or 5.0mg/kg, and infested with dermacentor reticulatus, rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks and with ctenocephalides felis felis (cat flea) prior to treatment and then weekly for up to 8 weeks. fleas and ticks were ...201626948830
francisella-like endosymbiont in a tick collected from a chicken in southern thailand.francisella is a genus of bacterial pathogens potentially lethal to humans. we report here for the first time a novel francisella-like endosymbiont discovered in a hard-tick (rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l.) obtained from a chicken (gallus domesticus) in thailand. the phylogenetic results indicate the 16s rdna sequences of this francisella bacterium form a unique clade with the francisella-like endosymbiont of the tick species, amblyomma varanense and amblyomma helvolum, that have previously been ...201627244963
new records of ticks (acari: ixodidae) from dogs, cats, humans, and some wild vertebrates in alaska: invasion potential.during 2010-2016, tick specimens were solicited from veterinarians, biologists, and members of the public in alaska. eight species of ticks were recorded from domestic dogs. some ticks were collected from dogs with recent travel histories to other countries or other u.s. states, which appears to explain records of ticks not native to alaska such as amblyomma americanum (l.) (lone star tick), ixodes scapularis (say) (blacklegged tick), and ixodes ricinus (l.). however, we recorded dermacentor var ...201627524823
repellency to ticks (acari: ixodidae) of extracts of nigella sativa (ranunculaceae) and the anti-inflammatory dogsbestfriend™.motivated by observations that the canine anti-inflammatory cream dogsbestfriend™ (dbf) appeared to deter flies, mosquitoes, and ticks from treated animals, repellent efficacy bioassays using four species of ticks were conducted with three extracts of nigella sativa l. (ranunculaceae), a constituent of dbf. the dbf cream was tested against nymphs of lone star tick, amblyomma americanum (l.). in vertical filter paper assays, the three extracts applied at 0.413 mg extract/cm(2) filter paper repell ...201627394440
efficacy of a novel oral formulation of sarolaner (simparica™) against five common tick species infesting dogs in the united states.the efficacy of a single oral treatment with sarolaner (simparica™, zoetis), a novel isoxazoline compound, was evaluated against five tick species known to infest dogs in the united states. a total of 10 laboratory studies, two against each species, were conducted using adult purpose-bred mongrels or beagle dogs. in each study, 16 dogs were randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups based on pre-treatment host-suitability tick counts. dogs were infested with approximately 50 unfed adult a ...201626935819
ticks associated with domestic dogs and cats in florida, usa.voluntary collections of ticks from domestic dogs and cats by veterinary practitioners across florida, usa, were conducted over a 10 month period. of the 1337 ticks submitted, five species of ixodid ticks were identified and included rhipicephalus sanguineus, amblyomma americanum, a. maculatum, dermacentor variabilis, and ixodes scapularis. most ticks were collected from dogs (98.4%) with the most predominant species being r. sanguineus (94.3%). of the ticks collected from cats (1.6%), a. americ ...201626888081
the putative role of rhipicephalus microplus salivary serpins in the tick-host relationship.inflammation and hemostasis are part of the host's first line of defense to tick feeding. these systems are in part serine protease mediated and are tightly controlled by their endogenous inhibitors, in the serpin superfamily (serine protease inhibitors). from this perspective ticks are thought to use serpins to evade host defenses during feeding. the cattle tick rhipicephalus microplus encodes at least 24 serpins, of which rms-3, rms-6, and rms-17 were previously identified in saliva of this ti ...201626844868
ticks infesting humans in northern misiones, argentina.this work presents records of ticks infesting humans in northern misiones province, argentina. also, notes on potential transmission of tick-borne pathogens are included. a total of 282 ticks attached to researchers were collected and identified by their morphological characters. eight tick species were found: amblyomma brasiliense, amblyomma coelebs, amblyomma dubitatum, amblyomma incisum, amblyomma ovale, haemaphysalis juxtakochi, rhipicephalus sanguineus and rhipicephalus microplus. some of t ...201627135846
manual for maintenance of multi-host ixodid ticks in the laboratory.use of laboratory animals as hosts for blood-sucking arthropods remains a time-proven and the most efficient method for establishment and propagation of slowly feeding ixodid ticks, despite introduction of techniques involving artificial feeding on either animal skins or synthetic membranes. new zealand white rabbits are usually the most accessible and most suitable hosts routinely used for establishment and maintenance of a large variety of multi-host tick species. here we describe standard pro ...201627651325
fleas and ticks in carnivores from a domestic-wildlife interface: implications for public health and wildlife.fleas and ticks are parasites of wild and domestic mammals, and can be vectors of several pathogens. in rural areas, domestic carnivores such as the domestic dog (canis lupus familiaris l.), may act as a "bridge" between natural areas and human settlements where ectoparasites can be used as a metric of such link. the aim of this study was to identify fleas, ticks, and rickettsia spp., collected from domestic and wild carnivores in a natural reserve and surrounding human settlements in central ch ...201627539151
notes from the field: community-based prevention of rocky mountain spotted fever - sonora, mexico, 2016.rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf), a life-threatening tickborne zoonosis caused by rickettsia rickettsii, is a reemerging disease in mexico (1,2). r. rickettsii is an intracellular bacterium that infects vascular endothelium and can cause multisystem organ failure and death in the absence of timely administration of a tetracycline-class antibiotic, typically doxycycline. epidemic rmsf, as described in parts of arizona and mexico, is associated with massive local infestations of the brown dog t ...201627880753
determination the role of rhipicephalus sanguineus for transmission of leishmania major to reservoir animals.this study aimed to explore the role of rhipicephalus sanguineus in the transmission of leishmania major, the etiological agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis.201628091384
prevalence and infection intensity of rickettsia massiliae in rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks from mendoza, argentina.rickettsia massiliae belongs to the spotted fever group and in the new world is commonly associated with the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. herein we investigate the presence of r. massiliae in rh. sanguineus sensu lato ticks in a location near the andean foothills (mendoza, argentina), to provide a prevalence estimate and to assess the infection intensity of this pathogen. rickettsia massiliae infection was found in 5.1% of the rh. sanguineus s.l ticks analyzed, all with high infecti ...201627394145
isolation and maintenance of rickettsia raoultii in a rhipicephalus sanguineus tick cell line.rickettsia raoultii, a member of the spotted fever group rickettsiae, has been implicated in cases of debonel/tibola/senlat, and has been detected in dermacentor spp. and rhipicephalus pumilio ticks by pcr. r. raoultii has been isolated in mammalian and tick cell lines. this study aimed to isolate r. raoultii from spanish dermacentor marginatus in tick cell lines. a single adult d. marginatus collected from vegetation in la rioja (northen spain) in october 2012 was surface-sterilised, triturated ...201626428859
tick repellents and acaricides of botanical origin: a green roadmap to control tick-borne diseases?arthropods are dangerous vectors of agents of deadly diseases, which may hit as epidemics or pandemics in the increasing world population of humans and animals. among them, ticks transmit more pathogen species than any other group of blood-feeding arthropods worldwide. thus, the effective and eco-friendly control of tick vectors in a constantly changing environment is a crucial challenge. a number of novel routes have been attempted to prevent and control tick-borne diseases, including the devel ...201627146901
distribution of spotted fever group rickettsiae in hard ticks (ixodida: ixodidae) from panamanian urban and rural environments (2007-2013).tick-borne rickettsiosis is an important emerging disease in panama; to date, there have been 12 confirmed cases, including eight fatalities. to evaluate the distribution of rickettsiae in panamanian ticks, we collected questing and on-host ticks in urban and rural towns in elevations varying between 0 and 2300 m. a total of 63 sites (13 urban and 50 rural towns) were used to develop models of spatial distributions. we found the following tick species: rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. (present in 5 ...201627068930
exposure of dogs to spotted fever group rickettsiae in urban sites associated with human rickettsioses in costa rica.the zoonotic transmission cycles of rickettsia rickettsii and other spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae in latin america have usually been associated with rural or sylvatic environments, although domestic dogs can be implicated in more populated settings. in this study, exposure of dogs to sfg rickettsiae in the greater metropolitan area of costa rica was investigated. dogs from sites associated with human cases and from dog shelters were evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) us ...201626995323
molecular detection and characterization of spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks from central italy.the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of rickettsial pathogens in ticks from central italy. a total of 113 ticks hailed from latium and tuscany regions were identified and tested by pcr to detect glta, ompa, ompb genes of rickettsia. positive amplicons were sequenced and identified at species level. ticks were analyzed individually or in pools. the percentage of positivity for sfg rickettsiae was 12.4%, expressed as minimum infection rate (mir) assuming that one tick was positive ...201627365155
detection of rickettsiae in fleas and ticks from areas of costa rica with history of spotted fever group rickettsioses.outbreaks of spotted fevers have been reported in costa rica since the 1950s, although vectors responsible for transmission to humans have not been directly identified. in this study, species of rickettsia were detected in ectoparasites from costa rica, mostly from five study sites where cases of spotted fevers have been reported. ticks and fleas were collected using drag cloths or directly from domestic and wild animals and pooled according to species, host, and location. pools were analyzed in ...201627592065
rickettsia (rickettsiales: rickettsiaceae) vector biodiversity in high altitude atlantic forest fragments within a semiarid climate: a new endemic area of spotted-fever in brazil.rickettsioses are re-emerging vector-borne zoonoses with a global distribution. recently, rickettsia sp. strain atlantic rainforest has been associated with new human spotted-fever (sf) cases in brazil, featuring particular clinical signs: eschar formation and lymphadenopathy. these cases have been associated with the tick species, amblyomma ovale from 2010 until 2015, the brazilian health department confirmed 11 human sf cases in the maciço de baturité region, ceará, brazil. the present study r ...201627480099
occurrence of mycoplasma haemocanis in dogs infested by ticks in campo grande, mato grosso do sul, brazil.hemotropic mycoplasmas in dogs, such as mycoplasma haemocanis, have been described worldwide. recently, these pathogens have been reported to be causative agent of zoonosis. it is known that its transmission may occur through the action of blood-sucking arthropods (e.g. ticks or fleas), through blood transfusion, contaminated fomites and/or transplacentally. in brazil, m. haemocanis is present in practically all regions and the tick rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato is suspected the main vecto ...201627580391
effect of heat stress and oil formulation on conidial germination of metarhizium anisopliae s.s. on tick cuticle and artificial medium.the effect of heat stress (45°c) versus non-heat stress (27°c) on germination of metarhizium anisopliae sensu stricto (s.s.) isolate ip 119 was examined with conidia formulated (suspended) in pure mineral oil or in water (tween 80, 0.01%), and then applied onto the cuticle of rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s.l.) engorged females or onto culture medium (pday). in addition, bioassays were performed to investigate the effect of conidia heated while formulated in oil, then applied to blood-eng ...201627317831
efficacy of water- and oil-in-water-formulated metarhizium anisopliae in rhipicephalus sanguineus eggs and eclosing larvae.conidia of the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae (ascomycota: clavicipitaceae) were assessed against rhipicephalus sanguineus (arachnida: ixodidae) eggs under laboratory conditions. clusters of 25 eggs were applied either directly with the fungal conidial formulations or set on previously fungus-treated filter paper. treatments consisted of conidia formulated in water or an oil-in-water emulsion at final concentrations of 3.3 × 10(3), 10(4), 3.3 × 10(4), 10(5), or 3.3 × 10(5) conidi ...201626364059
molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of hepatozoon spp. in questing ixodes ricinus ticks and rodents from slovakia and czech republic.by amplification and sequencing of 18s rrna gene fragments, hepatozoon spp. dna was detected in 0.08 % (4/5057) and 0.04 % (1/2473) of questing ixodes ricinus ticks from slovakia and czech republic, respectively. hepatozoon spp. dna was also detected in spleen and/or lungs of 4.45 % (27/606) of rodents from slovakia. prevalence of infection was significantly higher in myodes glareolus (11.45 %) than in apodemus spp. (0.28 %) (p < 0.001). sequencing of 18s rrna hepatozoon spp. gene amplicons from ...201627245074
autochthonous hepatozoon infection in hunting dogs and foxes from the czech republic.blood samples from 21 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and 8 hunting dogs from the same locality in the czech republic were examined for presence of hepatozoon canis/hepatozoon sp. the dogs were selected based on their close contact with foxes during fox bolting and because they had not traveled into known endemic areas. using diagnostic pcr amplifying partial 18s rdna fragment, hepatozoon dna was detected in 20 red foxes (95 %) and 4 dogs (50 %). from 8 positive foxes and 2 positive dogs, we obtained ...201627431805
natural transovarial and transstadial transmission of leishmania infantum by naïve rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks blood feeding on an endemically infected dog in shiraz, south of iran.the visceral leishmaniasis parasite, leishmania infantum, is naturally transmitted through the bites of phlebotomine sand flies. alternative routes of transmission are questioned. the main aim is to verify the passage of l. infantum kdna in ticks, rhipicephalus sanguineus, blood feeding on a parasitemic dog in shiraz, south of iran.201627496515
rhipicephalus turanicus, a new vector of hepatozoon canis.the distribution of hepatozoon canis mainly encompasses areas where its main tick vector, rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato, is present. however, the detection of this pathogen in dogs, foxes and golden jackals well outside the areas inhabited by this tick species reinforced the hypothesis that additional ixodids are involved in the life cycle and transmission of this protozoon. the present study provides, for the first time, data supporting the sporogonic development of h. canis in specimens ...201627998321
a novel ehrlichial agent detected in tick in french polynesia.ticks are hematophageous arthropods that are known to host and transmit miscellaneous pathogens including zoonotic bacteria. the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of tick-associated microorganisms in tahiti, french polynesia with molecular tools. a total of 658 ticks from two species including rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. and rh. annulatus were collected with forceps on dogs and cattle respectively, or with a flag on pasture in several locations of tahiti in 2013. two rickettsia ...201627522945
crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus lineages europe 1 and europe 2 in bulgarian ticks.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne human viral disease with fatality rate up to 30%. two genetic lineages of cchf virus (cchfv) are present in europe - lineage europe 1 which contains pathogenic cchfv strains, and lineage europe 2 consisting of ap92 and ap92-like strains. in order to investigate cchfv distribution and potential risk for humans, ticks were collected from livestock in the five districts where cchf cases have been reported in the last five years in bulgaria. cch ...201627378409
coxiella symbionts are widespread into hard ticks.ticks are blood-feeding arthropods and can harbor several bacteria, including the worldwide zoonotic disease q-fever agent coxiella burnetii. recent studies have reported a distinct group of coxiella mostly associated with ixodidae ticks, including the primary endosymbionts of amblyomma americanum. in the present work, a screening for coxiella infection was performed by 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) gene analyses in 293 tick samples of 15 different species sampled worldwide, including brazil, colombi ...201627595990
molecular detection of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus in ticks collected from infested livestock populations in a new endemic area, south of iran.crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a viral zoonotic disease with potentially fatal systemic effects on man. we aimed to determine the presence of cchf virus among collected ticks from domestic livestock from october 2012 to september 2013.201626758985
first molecular evidence of coxiella burnetii infecting ticks in cuba.coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of q fever. in order to explore the occurrence of c. burnetii in ticks, samples were collected from horses, dogs and humans living in a cuban occidental community. the species most commonly recovered were amblyomma mixtum (67%), rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. (27%) and dermacentor nitens (6%). specific is1111 pcr and amplicon sequencing allowed the identification of c. burnetii dna in a. mixtum collected from a domestic horse. these findings, for first tim ...201626372520
molecular evidence of vector-borne pathogens in dogs and cats and their ectoparasites in algiers, algeria.in algeria, only limited information is currently available on the prevalence of emergent canine and feline vector-borne diseases. the aim of the present work was to detect by qpcr vector-associated bacteria in stray dogs and cats and their ectoparasites from algiers. 18/117 (15.38%) dogs and 2/107 (1.87%) cats were positive for at least one vector-borne agent. coxiella burnetii and bartonella henselae were identified in 1/117 (0.85%) dog individually. ehrlichia canis dna was detected in 17/117 ...201627012917
genetic diversity and molecular characterization of babesia motasi-like in small ruminants and ixodid ticks from china.ovine babesioses, an important tick-borne disease of sheep and goats in china, is caused by the reproduction of intraerythrocytic protozoa of the babesia genus. babesia motasi-like is a babesia parasite that infects small ruminant in china, and two sub-groups of b. motasi-like can be subdivided based on differences in the rhoptry-associated-protein-1 gene. this study aimed to characterize the distribution, epidemiology and genetics of b. motasi-like in animals and ticks. a molecular investigatio ...201626976477
molecular detection of theileria, babesia, and hepatozoon spp. in ixodid ticks from palestine.ixodid ticks transmit various infectious agents that cause disease in humans and livestock worldwide. a cross-sectional survey on the presence of protozoan pathogens in ticks was carried out to assess the impact of tick-borne protozoa on domestic animals in palestine. ticks were collected from herds with sheep, goats and dogs in different geographic districts and their species were determined using morphological keys. the presence of piroplasms and hepatozoon spp. was determined by pcr amplifica ...201626969489
antifungal, antiradical and cytotoxic activities of extractives obtained from tagetes patula l. (asteraceae), a potential acaricide plant species.tagetes patula l. shows a complex chemical composition, ranging from glycosylated flavonoids and thiophenes in extracts until terpenoids in the essential oil. in the present study, due to this rich flavonoidic constitution, its antioxidant potential was determined, having shown values of antiradical percentage superior to reference compounds, mainly the extracts prepared with flowers. previous studies performed emphasized the acaricide potential of t. patula and thus, the present study aimed to ...201626945559
serosurvey of borrelia in dogs, horses, and humans exposed to ticks in a rural settlement of southern brazil.the aims of the present study were to serosurvey dogs, horses, and humans highly exposed to tick bites for anti-borrelia burgdorferi s.l. antibodies, identify tick species present, and determine risk factors associated with seropositivity in a rural settlement of paraná state, southern brazil. eighty-seven residents were sampled, along with their 83 dogs and 18 horses, and individual questionnaires were administered. immunofluorescence antibody test (ifat) was performed on serum samples and posi ...201627982299
genetic and immunological evidences of borrelia burgdorferi in dog in thailand.lyme disease is a tick-borne zoonotic disease caused by spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. it is transmitted from animals to humans by the bite of infected ticks of the genus ixodes. although lyme disease has been reported in china and japan, the disease has never been reported in thailand. blood samples and ticks were collected from 402 dogs from 7 and 3 animal clinics in chiang mai and phuket provinces, thailand, respectively. blood samples were tested for antibodies against b. burgdorferi, anap ...201627086427
molecular identification of borrelia genus in questing hard ticks from portugal: phylogenetic characterization of two novel relapsing fever-like borrelia sp.in the last decades, several studies have reported pathogenic species of borrelia related to those that cause tick-borne relapsing fever (rf), but unexpectedly suggesting their transmission by hard ticks, known vectors of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (b. burgdorferi s.l.) species, rather than by soft ticks. this study was designed to update the presence of b. burgdorferi s.l. species in ticks from several districts of mainland portugal, where ixodes ricinus had been previously described. tick ...201626976475
the diversity and prevalence of hard ticks attacking human hosts in eastern siberia (russian federation) with first description of invasion of non-endemic tick species.hard ticks are the vectors of many pathogens including tick-borne encephalitis virus and the lyme disease agent borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. in eastern siberia, ixodes persulcatus, dermacentor nuttalli, dermacentor silvarum and haemaphysalis concinna are regarded as aggressive to humans. recently, significant changes in world tick fauna have been reported and this affects the spread of tick-borne pathogens. we studied the current species diversity, population structure and prevalence of tick ...201626443685
confirmation of occurrence of <i>babesia vogeli</i> in a dog in windhoek, central namibia.although there is evidence of high seroprevalence of antibodies to babesia spp. in dogs in central namibia, clinical babesiosis is rarely diagnosed. rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato, the vector of babesia vogeli, is common in namibia while haemaphysalis elliptica, the vector of the highly virulent but morphologically indistinguishable babesia rossi, has rarely been recorded, mainly in northern namibia. on the basis of vector occurrence, clinical cases of canine babesiosis in windhoek, central ...201627796110
molecular characterization of ehrlichia canis infecting dogs, buenos aires.canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme) is a worldwide potentially fatal tick-borne rickettsial disease of dogs caused by ehrlichia canis and transmitted by rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato. cme diagnosis includes indirect (serology) and direct (e.g. blood smears and pcr) methods. pcr is more sensitive and specific than direct microscopic examination and positive pcr results confirm infection, whereas positive serologic test results only confirm exposure. the aim of the present study was to perfo ...201627236582
molecular detection and characterization of anaplasma platys in dogs and ticks in cuba.canine cyclic thrombocytopenia, an infectious disease caused by anaplasma platys is a worldwide dog health problem. this study aimed to detect and characterize a. platys deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) in dogs and ticks from cuba using molecular methods. the study was conducted in four cities of cuba (habana del este, boyeros, cotorro and san josé de las lajas). blood samples were collected from 100 dogs in these cities. the animals were inspected for the detection of tick infestation and specimens ...201627132516
molecular identification and characterization of anaplasma platys and ehrlichia canis in dogs in mexico.the tick-borne pathogens ehrlichia canis and anaplasma platys are the causative agents of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme) and canine cyclic thrombocytopenia (cct). although molecular evidence of e. canis has been shown, phylogenetic analysis of this pathogen has not been performed and a. platys has not been identified in mexico, where the tick vector rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s.l.) is common. the aim of this research was to screen, identify and characterize e. canis and a. platys ...201626615872
molecular epidemiological surveillance to assess emergence and re-emergence of tick-borne infections in tick samples from china evaluated by nested pcrs.an investigation was performed to detect eight pathogens in ticks collected from grass tips or animals in the southern, central and northeast regions of china. dna samples extracted from ticks were collected from ten different locations in eight provinces of china and subjected to screening for tick-borne pathogens, including borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, ehrlichia spp., rickettsia spp., babesia/theileria spp., ehrlichia ruminantium, coxiella burnetii, and francisella tularensis, using nested ...201626943995
molecular detection of rickettsia conorii and other zoonotic spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks, romania.the diverse tick fauna as well as the abundance of tick populations in romania represent potential risks for both human and animal health. spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae are recognized as important agents of emerging human tick-borne diseases worldwide. however, the epidemiology of rickettsial diseases has been poorly investigated in romania. in urban habitats, companion animals which are frequently exposed to tick infestation, play a role in maintenance of tick populations and as reservo ...201626507182
a survey of tick-borne pathogens in dogs and their ticks in the pantanal biome, brazil.tick and blood samples collected from domestic dogs in the brazilian pantanal were tested by molecular methods for the presence of tick-borne protozoa and bacteria. among 320 sampled dogs, 3.13% were infected by babesia vogeli (piroplasmida: babesiidae), 8.75% by hepatozoon canis (eucoccidiorida: hepatozoidae), 7.19% by anaplasma platys (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae), and 0.94% by an unclassified anaplasma sp. in three tick species collected from dogs, the following tick-borne agents were dete ...201626467462
vector-borne diseases in stray dogs in peninsular malaysia and molecular detection of anaplasma and ehrlichia spp. from rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) ticks.little data are available on the prevalence and transmission of vector-borne diseases in stray dogs in peninsular malaysia. this study was designed to determine the occurrence of vector-borne pathogens in malaysian stray dogs using serological and molecular approaches. in total, 48 dog blood samples were subjected to serological analysis using snap 4dx kit (idexx laboratories, westbrook, me). the presence of ehrlichia and anaplasma dna in the dog blood samples and rhipicephalus sanguineus (latre ...201626494821
molecular evidence of spotted fever group rickettsiae and anaplasmataceae from ticks and stray dogs in bangladesh.emerging tick-borne diseases (tbds) are important foci for human and animal health worldwide. however, these diseases are sometimes over looked, especially in countries with limited resources to perform molecular-based surveys. the aim of this study was to detect and characterize spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae and anaplasmataceae in bangladesh, which are important tick-borne pathogens for humans and animals worldwide. a total of 50 canine blood samples, 15 ticks collected from dogs, and 1 ...201626573516
anaplasma marginale and theileria annulata in questing ticks from portugal.ticks are ubiquitous arthropods and vectors of several pathogenic agents in animals and humans. monitoring questing ticks is of great importance to ascertain the occurrence of pathogens and the potential vector species, offering an insight into the risk of disease transmission in a given area. in this study 428 host-seeking ticks, belonging to nine species of ixodidae and collected from 17 of the 23 portuguese mainland subregions, were screened for several tick-borne agents with veterinary relev ...201627394441
molecular detection and identification of rickettsiales pathogens in dog ticks from costa rica.although vector-borne diseases are globally widespread with considerable impact on animal production and on public health, few reports document their presence in central america. this study focuses on the detection and molecular identification of species belonging to selected bacterial genera (ehrlichia, anaplasma and rickettsia) in ticks sampled from dogs in costa rica by targeting several genes: 16s rrna/dsb genes for ehrlichia; 16s rrna/groel genes for anaplasma, and ompa/glta/groel genes for ...201627480409
serological and molecular investigation of ehrlichia spp. and anaplasma spp. in ticks and blood of dogs, in the thrace region of turkey.in recent years, tick-borne diseases like ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis became widespread worldwide threatening the health of both human and companion animals. therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the presence of anaplasma spp., and ehrlichia spp. in dogs and ticks in the thrace region of turkey. a total of 400 blood samples and 912 ticks were collected from dogs living in shelters that are located in four cities (istanbul, edirne, tekirdag and kirklareli) of the thrace region. bloo ...201626961274
molecular detection of emerging tick-borne pathogens in vojvodina, serbia.ticks play an important role in disease transmission globally due to their capability to serve as vectors for human and animal pathogens. the republic of serbia is an endemic area for a large number of tick-borne diseases. however, current knowledge on these diseases in serbia is limited. the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of new emerging tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from dogs and the vegetation from different parts of vojvodina, serbia. a total of 187 ticks, includ ...201626565929
prevalence of vector-borne pathogens in dogs from haiti.canine vector-borne pathogens are common on some caribbean islands, but survey data in haiti are lacking. to determine the prevalence of selected vector-borne pathogens in dogs from haiti, we tested blood samples collected from 210 owned dogs, 28 (13.3%) of which were infested with rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks at the time of blood collection. no other tick species were identified on these dogs. a commercially available elisa identified antibodies to ehrlichia spp. in 69 (32.9%), antibodies to ...201627270383
molecular detection of anaplasma platys, ehrlichia canis, hepatozoon canis and rickettsia monacensis in dogs from maio island of cape verde archipelago.tick-borne diseases are emerging worldwide and have an important zoonotic relevance. dogs play an important role in the epidemiology of several zoonotic tick-borne pathogens acting as sentinels and/or reservoirs. this study focused on the molecular identification of tick-borne pathogens in blood samples of 153 autochthonous asymptomatic dogs in maio island, cape verde archipelago. eighty-four (54.9%) dogs were positive for one or more pathogens. fifty-five (35.9%) dogs were infected with hepatoz ...201627177475
molecular investigation of tick-borne pathogens in dogs from luanda, angola.no molecular data have been available on tick-borne pathogens that infect dogs from angola. the occurrence of agents from the genera anaplasma, babesia, ehrlichia and hepatozoon was assessed in 103 domestic dogs from luanda, by means of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and dna sequence analysis.201627160839
deltamethrin-mediated toxicity and cytomorphological changes in the midgut and nervous system of the mayfly callibaetis radiatus.immature instars of mayflies are important constituents of the food web in aquatic ecosystems (especially in neotropical regions) and they are among the most susceptible arthropods to pyrethroid insecticides. these insecticides have been recognized as important stressors of freshwater ecosystems, but their cellular effects in aquatic insects have been neglected. here, we assessed the susceptibility to deltamethrin (a typical type ii pyrethroid) as well as the deltamethrin-mediated cytomorphologi ...201627031238
molecular detection of anaplasma platys infection in free-roaming dogs and ticks from kenya and ivory coast.anaplasma platys is a bacterium parasitic in the canine platelets, representing the causative agent of canine cyclic thrombocytopenia, with a worldwide distribution, mainly in tropical countries. the agent has zoonotic potential, being reported in several human clinical cases. the suspected vector is the tick rhipicephalus sanguineus (sensu lato), widely distributed in animals and humans in the tropical regions of south america, africa, asia and australia, but also in southern europe. only few s ...201626984538
comparative speed of kill of sarolaner (simparica) and afoxolaner (nexgard) against induced infestations of amblyomma americanum on dogs.the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum, infests dogs and cats in north america and is the vector of the pathogens that cause monocytic and granulocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs and humans. a parasiticide's speed of kill is important to minimize the direct and deleterious effects of tick infestation and especially to reduce the risk of transmission of tick-borne pathogens. in this study, speed of kill of a novel orally administered isoxazoline parasiticide, sarolaner (simparica chewable tablets), a ...201626897175
canine vector-borne pathogens in semi-domesticated dogs residing in northern cambodia.in southeast asia, the canine vector-borne pathogens babesia spp., ehrlichia canis, anaplasma platys, hepatozoon canis, haemotropic mycoplasmas and dirofilaria immitis cause significant morbidity and mortality in dogs. moreover, dogs have also been implicated as natural reservoirs for rickettsia felis, the agent of flea-borne spotted fever, increasingly implicated as a cause of undifferentiated fever in humans in southeast asia. the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and div ...201627161452
vertical transmission of anaplasma platys and leishmania infantum in dogs during the first half of gestation.leishmania infantum is a canine zoonotic vector-borne protozoan pathogen transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies, whereas anaplasma platys is a bacterium most likely transmitted by ticks. while vertical transmission of l. infantum from pregnant bitches to their offspring has been documented, thus far no studies have explored the possibility of vertical transmission of a. platys in dogs. this study investigated the occurrence of vertical transmission of l. infantum and a. platys in sheltered dogs ...201627161003
comparative speed of kill of sarolaner (simparica) and afoxolaner (nexgard) against induced infestations of rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. on dogs.the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato, commonly infests dogs globally, is the major vector of the pathogen that causes canine monocytic ehrlichiosis and also transmits babesia vogeli. a rapid speed of kill of a parasiticide is essential to reduce the direct deleterious effects of tick infestation and the risk of tick-borne pathogen transmission. the speed of kill of a novel orally administered isoxazoline parasiticide, sarolaner (simparica), against r. sanguineus sensu lato on ...201626896456
refractory hypoglycaemia in a dog infected with trypanosoma congolense.a 20 kg german shepherd dog was presented to a french veterinary teaching hospital for seizures and hyperthermia. the dog had returned 1 month previously from a six-month stay in senegal and sub-saharan africa. biochemistry and haematology showed severe hypoglycaemia (0.12 g/l), anaemia and thrombocytopenia. despite administration of large amounts of glucose (30 ml of 30% glucose iv and 10 ml of 70% sucrose by gavage tube hourly), 26 consecutive blood glucose measurements were below 0.25 g/l (ex ...201626795063
retrospective analyses of dogs found serologically positive for ehrlichia canis in cebu, philippines from 2003 to 2014.the study aimed to document the clinical and hematological observations of dogs found serologically positive for ehrlichia canis and to identify parameters or factors that are associated with the disease with focus on the anemic and thrombocytopenic state of the infected dogs.201627051183
molecular assay on crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks (ixodidae) collected from kermanshah province, western iran.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a feverous and hemorrhagic disease endemic in some parts of iran and caused by an arbovirus related to bunyaviridae family and nairovirusgenus. the main virus reservoir in the nature is ticks, however small vertebrates and a wide range of domestic and wild animals are regarded as reservoir hosts. this study was conducted to determine the infection rate of cchf virus in hard ticks of sarpole-zahab county, kermanshah province, west of iran.201627308296
ehrlichiosis in household dogs and parasitized ticks in kerman-iran: preliminary zoonotic risk assessment.ehrlichiosis is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic disease caused by the family of anaplasmatacea. recently, outbreak of human monocytic ehrlichiosis was reported in northern part of iran. besides, serological evidence of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by ehrlichia canis was reported from southeastern of iran but the epidemiology of this disease is almost undetermined in iran. the present study was designed to use pcr for detection of ehrlichia spp. in tick infested household dogs and determi ...201627308282
novel phleboviruses detected in ticks, greece.since 2009, when severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus and heartland virus have been identified and associated with disease in humans, the interest on tick-borne phleboviruses is increasing rapidly. the aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of tick-borne phleboviruses in greece and compare them with respective ones detected worldwide. ticks collected from goats and sheep in 60 sites of 13 regional units of greece were grouped in pools (1-3 ticks per pool) and teste ...201626935112
first detection and molecular identification of babesia vogeli from rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) in taiwan.a total of 578 rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks collected from dogs in taiwan were examined for babesia by species-specific polymerase chain reaction assay based on the 18s small subunit ribosomal rna (ssrrna) gene. babesia dna was detected in 1.04 % (6/578) of rh. sanguineus ticks. phylogenetic analysis revealed that these babesia spp. were genetically linked to the same clade within the genospecies of babesia vogeli and could be discriminated from other genospecies of babesia. intra-species anal ...201626796569
new molecular data shed light on the global phylogeny and species limits of the rhipicephalus sanguineus complex.the rhipicephalus sanguineus complex is a group of closely related tick species distributed all around the world. in this study, using mitochondrial 16s ribosomal dna, new specimens of r sanguineus sensu lato from turkey and rhipicephalus camicasi from kenya, were evaluated together with available sequences of this complex in genbank. our objectives were to delimit the complex, re-evaluate its global phylogeny and develop a reconstruction of its biogeographic history. given turkey's geographical ...201627050755
species composition, distribution, ecological preference and host association of ticks in cyprus.tick population and species depend on the effect of biotic and abiotic factors, especially vegetation, climate and host density; cyprus, due to the mild climate, favors the appearance and spread of tick-borne infections. our objective was to identify the tick species present in the island, to investigate their geographical distribution and their epidemiological implications. during a three-year study (2004-2006) we collected ticks from domestic and wild animals over the island of cyprus. data on ...201627822784
temporal and spatial distribution and species diversity of hard ticks (acari: ixodidae) in the eastern region of caspian sea.ticks are important parasites because of their voracious blood-feeding activity, and being as vectors for various agents of diseases in both human and livestock. this study was conducted in a monthly schedule from october 2014 to december 2015, at 45 study sites in three regions bordering the caspian sea, according to the topography including hillside, plain and coastal areas in collecting ticks from the body of sheep. alfa and beta biodiversity indices were calculated and compared between the t ...201627519473
synergism of thymol, carvacrol and eugenol in larvae of the cattle tick, rhipicephalus microplus, and brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus.the effects of combinations of the monoterpenes thymol and carvacrol and the phenylpropanoid eugenol in larvae of rhipicephalus microplus (canestrini, 1888) (acari: ixodidae) and rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s.l.) (acari: ixodidae) were assessed by the larval packet test. the compusyn program was used to make qualitative assessments of the effects (synergistic, additive and antagonistic) of the associations. the effects of all combinations tested against r. microplus larvae were synergis ...201627392803
establishing the discriminating concentration for permethrin and fipronil resistance in rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille) (acari: ixodidae), the brown dog tick.rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille), the brown dog tick, is a veterinary canine and urban pest. these ticks have been found to develop resistance and tolerance to the two commonly used acaricides permethrin and fipronil respectively. we have developed a discriminating concentration that can be used for rapid detection of permethrin and fipronil resistance in brown dog tick populations. the availability of a discriminating concentration for the brown dog tick provides an inexpensive and rapid re ...201626449370
rickettsia species in human-parasitizing ticks in greece.ticks serve as vectors and reservoirs for a variety of bacterial, viral and protozoan pathogens affecting humans and animals. unusual increased tick aggressiveness was observed in 2008-2009 in northeastern greece. the aim of the study was to check ticks removed from persons during 2009 for infection with rickettsia species.201627198214
identification of leishmania spp. promastigotes in the intestines, ovaries, and salivary glands of rhipicephalus sanguineus actively infesting dogs.sand flies are recognized as the major vector of canine visceral leishmaniasis. however, in some areas of brazil where sand flies do not occur, this disease is found in humans and dogs. there has been speculation that ticks might play a role in transmission of canine visceral leishmaniasis and the dna of leishmania spp. has been reported in whole ticks. we investigated the presence of leishmania spp. promastigotes in the intestines, ovaries, and salivary glands of rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks ...201627169724
phylogeography of rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and its relationships with climatic factors.brown dog ticks morphologically identifiable as rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato, are distributed world-wide and their systematics is controversial. results of genetic and reproductive compatibility studies of geographically distinct populations of r. sanguineus s.l. indicate that the r. sanguineus complex is paraphyletic. to further elucidate systematic relationships within r. sanguineus s.l. and geographic boundaries of its lineages, we conducted a phylogeographical study of 136 tick specim ...201627003273
comparative analysis of spermatids of rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (ixodidae) and ornithodoros rostratus ticks (argasidae): morphophysiology aimed at systematics.the phylogenetic relationships among tick species (acari: ixodida) have been revisited by several researchers over the last decades. two subfamilies, rhipicephalinae (ixodidae) and ornithodorinae (argasidae), deserve special attention. the male reproductive system morphology, as well as the ultrastructure of the germ cells, may provide important information for phylogeny and systematics of metazoan groups, with spermatozoa exhibiting characters that can be used for this purpose. with that inform ...201626481487
rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) species complex: morphometric and ultrastructural analyses.although some studies have already been performed on rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille) populations, there is still much disarray around its taxonomic classification. rhipicephalus sanguineus, which is also known as " (brown dog tick) is a three-host tick that parasitizes many vertebrates, including occasional human hosts. it presents a worldwide distribution and is a vector of zoonosis with acknowledged public health importance. in western europe, r. turanicus (pomerantsev) share many phenoty ...201627812830
detection of permethrin resistance and fipronil tolerance in rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) in the united states.permethrin is a commonly used acaricide for tick control on domestic animals and in residential environments, while fipronil use is restricted to on-animal treatment. following widespread reports of permethrin and fipronil application failures to control indoor infestations of rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille), the brown dog tick, 31 tick populations were obtained from florida and texas for acaricide resistance screening. these field-collected ticks from kennels and residential facilities wer ...201526334817
overwintering of the brown dog tick in residential properties in england--raising awareness. 201526251540
lack of acquired resistance in dogs to successive infestations of rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks from brazil and argentina.comparative studies between brown dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus populations from brazil (jaboticabal, são paulo) and argentina (rafaela, santa fé) showed significant biological, morphological and genetic differences between them. this work aimed to study, in a comparative way, the acquisition of resistance in domestic dogs to r. sanguineus from jaboticabal and rafaela, after successive and controlled infestations. ticks were kept in a bod incubator under controlled conditions (27 °c, 80 % re ...201526063405
a brown dog tick (rhipicephalus sanguineus) bite at sea.medical officers (mos) and medical branch ratings (mbrs) must maintain an awareness of the risk of vector-borne diseases among deployed personnel. personnel working in the maritime environment may not expect to be at risk of tick bites, as ticks typically occupy habitats with dense vegetation such as forests or scrub land. however, tick-borne pathogens can cause serious and sometimes fatal disease, and therefore the risk of tick bites and associated diseases should be recognised. we present a ca ...201526867423
brown dog tick infestation of a home in england. 201525634925
the taxonomic status of rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille, 1806).the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu stricto, is a species with considerable public health and economic importance. however, the taxonomic status of this species is far from resolved. after more than 110 years of scientific work on r. sanguineus s.s., the situation is that there is no type, no solid description, nor is there a consensus about the range of morphological variability within the species. recent findings based on laboratory crosses and molecular genetics strongly sugges ...201525560924
potential role of atp-binding cassette transporters against acaricides in the brown dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato.atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters have been shown to be involved in pesticide detoxification in arthropod vectors and are thought to contribute to the development of drug resistance. little is currently known about the role they play in ticks, which are among the more important vectors of human and animal pathogens. here, the role of abc transporters in the transport of fipronil and ivermectin acaricides in the tick rhipicephalus sanguineus (ixodida: ixodidae) was investigated. larvae were ...201525530472
high efficacy of a 20 amino acid peptide of the acidic ribosomal protein p0 against the cattle tick, rhipicephalus microplus.current strategies to control cattle ticks use integrated control programs (icp) that include vaccination. reduction in the use of chemicals and in the cost of tick control, the delay or elimination of acaricide resistance and the decreasing of environmental pollution are the advantages of using these programs. this integrated program is potentially applicable to all genotypes of chemical resistant ticks. however, the problem here is to improve the efficacy of anti-tick vaccines. the p0 protein ...201525958782
ectoparasites of hedgehogs (erinaceus concolor) from turkey.hedgehogs are small, nocturnal, spiny-coated animals that have been growing in popularity as exotic pets. however, these animals are host to a wide variety of viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites, some of which are of zoonotic character. thus, because hedgehogs have a potential role to transmit zoonoses including arthropod-borne diseases, we examined them for their ectoparasites. the study was carried out on hedgehogs found dead mainly due to road casualties in the bursa province of turkey. th ...201526281445
the efficacies of 5 insecticides against hard ticks hyalomma asiaticum, haemaphysalis longicornis and rhipicephalus sanguineus.at present, chemical-based tick control strategies are still the most efficient and widely used methods in control of ticks and tick-borne diseases. in this study, the efficacies of lambda-cyhalothrin, beta-cypermethrin, emamectin benzoate, spirotetramat and hexaflumuron in vitro were evaluated against hyalomma asiaticum, haemaphysalis longicornis and rhipicephalus sanguineus that are widespread and able to transmit a variety of human and animal diseases in china. the results showed that the lc ...201526115939
identification and characterization of micrornas by deep-sequencing in hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum (acari: ixodidae) ticks.hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum (h.a. anatolicum) (acari: ixodidae) ticks are globally distributed ectoparasites with veterinary and medical importance. these ticks not only weaken animals by sucking their blood but also transmit different species of parasitic protozoans. multiple factors influence these parasitic infections including mirnas, which are non-coding, small regulatory rna molecules essential for the complex life cycle of parasites. to identify and characterize mirnas in h.a. anatolic ...201525592818
[epidemiological investigation of predominance tick and the infectious status of severe fever thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in penglai and laizhou counties, shandong province].to investigate the predominance ticks and the infectious status of severe fever with thrombocytopenia (sftsv) in penglai and laizhou counties, shandong province.201526833011
evaluation of four bed bug traps for surveillance of the brown dog tick (acari: ixodidae).the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus (latrielle), can be a serious residential pest due to its unique ability, among ticks, to complete its lifecycle indoors. a single engorged and fertilized female tick can oviposit around 4,000 eggs, allowing indoor establishment to be rapid and easy to miss in early-stage infestations. acaricide treatment is currently the primary method of control, but can be costly and can lead to the development of acaricide resistance in tick populations. traps of ...201526336310
first detection of ehrlichia canis in cerebrospinal fluid from a nonthrombocytopenic dog with meningoencephalitis by broad-range pcr. 201526610407
a novel combination of fipronil and permethrin (frontline tri-act®/frontect®) reduces risk of transmission of babesia canis by dermacentor reticulatus and of ehrlichia canis by rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks to dogs.the ability of frontline tri-act®/frontect®, a topical ectoparasiticide containing fipronil and permethrin for dogs, to prevent the transmission of babesia canis as well as ehrlichia canis was evaluated by infesting dogs with infected vector ticks.201526586365
Refresh
firstprev
12345678910...
nextlast
Displaying items 201 - 300 of 1724