| detection and characterization of tick-borne encephalitis virus in baltic countries and eastern poland. | ticks were collected from the vegetation in the baltic countries estonia, latvia, lithuania and eastern poland and analyzed for the presence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) by amplification of the partial e and ns3 genes. in estonia we found statistically significant differences in the tbev prevalence between i. persulcatus and i. ricinus ticks (4.23% and 0.42%, respectively). in latvia, the difference in tbev prevalence between the two species was not statistically significant (1.02% fo ... | 2013 | 23650497 |
| development of a multiplex pcr assay for simultaneous detection of theileria annulata, babesia bovis and anaplasma marginale in cattle. | tropical theileriosis, bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis are tick-borne protozoan diseases that impose serious constraints on the health and productivity of domestic cattle in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. a common feature of these diseases is that, following recovery from primary infection, animals become persistent carriers of the pathogen and continue to play a critical role in disease epidemiology, acting as reservoirs of infection. this study describes development and eva ... | 2012 | 23183165 |
| babesia spp. in questing ticks from eastern poland: prevalence and species diversity. | a total of 853 questing ixodes ricinus males, females, and nymphs and of 582 questing dermacentor reticulatus males and females were collected from vegetation on the territory of the lublin province (eastern poland). the ticks were examined for the presence of babesia by pcr detecting part of 18s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene and nuclear small subunit rrna (ss-rdna) for determining of babesia spp. and babesia microti, respectively. the overall incidence of babesia strains in i. ricinus ticks was 4.6 ... | 2015 | 25976982 |
| asymptomatic "candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis" infections in immunocompetent humans. | in europe, human infections with "candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis" have mainly been restricted to immunocompromised patients. we report here the first cases of asymptomatic "ca. neoehrlichia mikurensis" infection in immunocompetent humans (5/316 [1.6%] were infected). due to the potential threats of infections with "ca. neoehrlichia mikurensis" in healthy persons to the safety of the blood supply, further study of this phenomenon is required. | 2014 | 24899023 |
| prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) rna in dermacentor reticulatus ticks from natural and urban environment, poland. | tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) (flaviviridae, flavivirus) is an arthropod-borne virus, an etiologic agent of tick-borne encephalitis (tbe), a human infection involving the central nervous system. the disease is endemic in a large region in eurasia, where it is transmitted mainly by ixodes ricinus and ixodes persulcatus ticks. it is known that also dermacentor reticulatus is involved in circulation of tbev. however, the current knowledge of d. reticulatus importance in tbe epidemiology is s ... | 2014 | 25047961 |
| tick-borne encephalitis virus habitats in north east germany: reemergence of tbev in ticks after 15 years of inactivity. | the incidence of tick-borne encephalitis has risen in europe since 1990 and the tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) has been documented to be spreading into regions where it was not previously endemic. in mecklenburg-west pomerania, a federal state in northern germany, tbev was not detectable in over 16,000 collected ticks between 1992 and 2004. until 2004, the last human case of tbe in the region was reported in 1985. following the occurrence of three autochthonous human cases of tbe after 200 ... | 2014 | 25110671 |
| human exposure to tickborne relapsing fever spirochete borrelia miyamotoi, the netherlands. | | 0 | 24963562 |
| first report of anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia microti in rodents in finland. | tick-borne diseases pose an increasingly important public health problem in europe. rodents are the reservoir host for many tick-transmitted pathogens, including anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia microti, which can cause human granulocytic anaplasmosis and babesiosis, respectively. to estimate the presence of these pathogens in rodents in finland, we examined blood samples from 151 bank voles (myodes glareolus) and demonstrate, for the first time, that a. phagocytophilum and b. microti commo ... | 2014 | 24848684 |
| antiplasmodial activity is an ancient and conserved feature of tick defensins. | ancestral sequence reconstruction has been widely used to test evolution-based hypotheses. the genome of the european tick vector, ixodes ricinus, encodes for defensin peptides with diverse antimicrobial activities against distantly related pathogens. these pathogens include fungi, gram-negative, and gram-positive bacteria, i.e., a wide antimicrobial spectrum. ticks do not transmit these pathogens, suggesting that these defensins may act against a wide range of microbes encountered by ticks duri ... | 2016 | 27822206 |
| babesia spp. in ticks and wildlife in different habitat types of slovakia. | babesiosis is an emerging and potentially zoonotic disease caused by tick-borne piroplasmids of the babesia genus. new genetic variants of piroplasmids with unknown associations to vectors and hosts are recognized. data on the occurrence of babesia spp. in ticks and wildlife widen the knowledge on the geographical distribution and circulation of piroplasmids in natural foci. questing and rodent-attached ticks, rodents, and birds were screened for the presence of babesia-specific dna using molecu ... | 2016 | 27207099 |
| functional structure and antimicrobial activity of persulcatusin, an antimicrobial peptide from the hard tick ixodes persulcatus. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) are considered promising candidates for the development of novel anti-infective agents. in arthropods such as ticks, amps form the first line of defense against pathogens in the innate immune response. persulcatusin (ip) was found in the ixodes persulcatus midgut, and its amino acid sequence was reported. however, the complete structure of ip has not been identified. we evaluated the relation between structural features and antimicrobial activity of ip, and its pote ... | 2016 | 26873587 |
| diversity of haemaphysalis-associated piroplasms of ruminants in central-eastern europe, hungary. | increasing numbers of genetic variants are being recognized among piroplasms, but the precise taxonomical status, the tick vector and the geographical range of several species or genotypes are still unknown. bovine piroplasmosis was reported to re-emerge in north-east hungary. because theileria-infection was newly diagnosed in one cattle herd in the same region of the country, the aim of this study was to molecularly identify the relevant agent, to find its local vector tick species, and to exam ... | 2015 | 26652614 |
| molecular detection of vector-borne agents in dogs from ten provinces of china. | although many vector-borne agents are potential zoonoses and cause substantial morbidity and mortality in dogs worldwide, there are limited data on these organisms in dogs of china. | 2015 | 26428085 |
| borrelia miyamotoi disease: neither lyme disease nor relapsing fever. | borrelia miyamotoi disease (bmd) is a newly recognized borreliosis globally transmitted by ticks of the ixodes persulcatus species complex. once considered to be a tick symbiont with no public health implications, b miyamotoi is increasingly recognized as the agent of a nonspecific febrile illness often misdiagnosed as acute lyme disease without rash, or as ehrlichiosis. the frequency of its diagnosis in the northeastern united states is similar to that of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis. a diag ... | 2015 | 26593262 |
| opening the black box of anaplasma phagocytophilum diversity: current situation and future perspectives. | anaplasma phagocytophilum is a zoonotic obligate intracellular bacterium known to be transmitted by ticks belonging to the ixodes persulcatus complex. this bacterium can infect several mammalian species, and is known to cause diseases with variable symptoms in many domestic animals. specifically, it is the causative agent of tick-borne fever (tbf), a disease of important economic impact in european domestic ruminants, and human granulocytic anaplasmosis (hga), an emerging zoonotic disease in asi ... | 2015 | 26322277 |
| complete genome sequences of four european subtype strains of tick-borne encephalitis virus from eastern siberia, russia. | three tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) strains were isolated from ixodes persulcatus ticks, and one was isolated from a shrew in the territory of eastern siberia (russia). the level of sequence identity compared to neudoerfl (the european prototype strain) is 97.2 to 97.3%. | 2015 | 26089416 |
| seroprevalence of lyme disease and associated risk factors in rural population of beijing. | a seroepidemiological survey of 801 local residents from 28 villages was conducted to assess the seroprevalence of lyme disease and to identify the risk factors of becoming seropositive for lyme disease in the northern suburb of beijing. forty-one serum samples were positive for igg against b burgdorferi and the seroprevalence was 5.1% (41/801), indicating that lyme disease is endemic in the rural population. in the multivariable analysis, sowing and harvesting in summer (or, 2.377, 95% ci, 1.23 ... | 2015 | 26221360 |
| nairobi sheep disease virus rna in ixodid ticks, china, 2013. | | 0 | 25811222 |
| complete genome sequence of borrelia afzelii k78 and comparative genome analysis. | the main borrelia species causing lyme borreliosis in europe and asia are borrelia afzelii, b. garinii, b. burgdorferi and b. bavariensis. this is in contrast to the united states, where infections are exclusively caused by b. burgdorferi. until to date the genome sequences of four b. afzelii strains, of which only two include the numerous plasmids, are available. in order to further assess the genetic diversity of b. afzelii, the most common species in europe, responsible for the large variety ... | 2015 | 25798594 |
| tissue distribution of the ehrlichia muris-like agent in a tick vector. | human pathogens transmitted by ticks undergo complex life cycles alternating between the arthropod vector and a mammalian host. while the latter has been investigated to a greater extent, examination of the biological interactions between microbes and the ticks that carry them presents an equally important opportunity for disruption of the disease cycle. in this study, we used in situ hybridization to demonstrate infection by the ehrlichia muris-like organism, a newly recognized human pathogen, ... | 2015 | 25781930 |
| human babesiosis, an emerging tick-borne disease in the people's republic of china. | babesiosis is a typical zoonotic, emerging disease caused by a tick-borne intraerythrocytic protozoan of babesia spp. that also can be transmitted by blood transfusion. babesiosis imposes an increasing public-health threat. we reviewed and mapped epidemiological studies on babesia in vectors and/or rodents in the people's republic of china (p.r. china) and found that b. microti was the predominant species detected in the investigated regions such as heilongjiang, zhejiang, fujian provinces and t ... | 2014 | 25403908 |
| antihistamine response: a dynamically refined function at the host-tick interface. | ticks counteract host inflammatory responses by secreting proteins from their saliva that compete for histamine binding. among these tick salivary proteins are lipocalins, antiparallel beta-barrel proteins that sequester small molecules. a tick salivary lipocalin has been structurally resolved and experimentally shown to efficiently compete for histamine with its native receptor (e.g., h1 histamine receptor). to date, molecular dynamics simulations focus on protein-protein and protein-ligand int ... | 2014 | 25358914 |
| sika deer carrying babesia parasites closely related to b. divergens, japan. | | 0 | 25061853 |
| human infections with borrelia miyamotoi, japan. | we confirmed infection of 2 patients with borrelia miyamotoi in japan by retrospective surveillance of lyme disease patients and detection of b. miyamotoi dna in serum samples. one patient also showed seroconversion for antibody against recombinant glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase of b. miyamotoi. indigenous relapsing fever should be considered a health concern in japan. | 0 | 25061761 |
| phylogeny of a relapsing fever borrelia species transmitted by the hard tick ixodes scapularis. | the discovery of borrelia species that were related to the agents of relapsing fever but were transmitted by hard ticks rather than soft ticks challenged previous taxonomies based largely on microbe-host specificities and geographic considerations. one of these newly-identified organisms is the borrelia miyamotoi sensu lato strain lb-2001 from north america and transmitted by ixodes scapularis. this or related strains have been identified as the cause of human disease, but comparatively little i ... | 2014 | 24813576 |
| molecular characterization of msp2/p44 of anaplasma phagocytophilum isolated from infected patients and haemaphysalis longicornis in laizhou bay, shandong province, china. | molecular characterization of the msp2/p44 protein of anaplasma phagocytophilum may determine not only if the bacterium is capable of invading hosts but also whether it generates antigenic variation for the purpose of escaping the host immune response, resulting in various pathologic injuries and serious clinical outcomes. chinese anaplasmosis patients usually present with serious manifestations, and the fatality rate is as high as 26.5%. in this study, we amplified, cloned and sequenced the msp ... | 2013 | 24167608 |
| community-level phenological response to climate change. | climate change may disrupt interspecies phenological synchrony, with adverse consequences to ecosystem functioning. we present here a 40-y-long time series on 10,425 dates that were systematically collected in a single russian locality for 97 plant, 78 bird, 10 herptile, 19 insect, and 9 fungal phenological events, as well as for 77 climatic events related to temperature, precipitation, snow, ice, and frost. we show that species are shifting their phenologies at dissimilar rates, partly because ... | 2013 | 23901098 |
| whole-genome sequencing of borrelia garinii bgvir, isolated from taiga ticks (ixodes persulcatus). | most lyme borreliosis cases in russia result from borrelia garinii nt29 group infection. borrelias of this group circulate exclusively in ixodes persulcatus ticks, which are seldom found beyond russia and the far east. here we report the whole-genome sequence of borrelia garinii bgvir isolated from an i. persulcatus female. | 0 | 23012288 |
| anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in domestic animals in ten provinces/cities of china. | a nationwide epidemiologic investigation of domestic animal infections has been conducted in nine provinces and one city during 2007-2010. serum samples from a total of 707 goats, 433 cattle, and 219 dogs were collected for detecting anaplasma phagocytophilum igg antibody by immunofluorescence assays and the average seroprevalences were 10.05% for dogs, 3.82% for goats, and 0.69% for cattle, respectively. a total of 472 goats, 201 cattle, 102 dog blood clots, and 1,580 ticks were collected for p ... | 0 | 22764312 |
| heterogeneity of 3'-untraslated region of genome rna of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) strains isolated from ticks in the western siberia, russia. | the tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) strains have been isolated from unfed adult ticks ixodes persulcatus schulze in novosibirsk region (south-western siberia, russia) beginning from 1980 till 2006. the tbev 3'-untraslated region (3'utr) variable fragment was amplified with primers corresponding to conserved flanking areas. the rt-pcr product lengths varied in range from 100 to 400 bp. comparative analysis of 3'utr nucleotide sequences revealed a few groups of the tbev strains within siberia ... | 0 | 23675045 |
| [study on co-infection of tick-borne pathogens in ixodes persulcatus in charles hilary, xinjiang uygur autonomous region]. | to study the co-infection of tick-borne pathogens in ixodes persulcatus collected in charles hilary, xinjiang uygur autonomous region (xinjiang). | 2015 | 26837364 |
| detection of babesia venatorum, anaplasma phagocytophilum and candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis in ixodes persulcatus ticks from mongolia. | information about the prevalence and geographical distribution of tick-borne pathogens anaplasma phagocytophilum, candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis, and babesia spp. is still rare in mongolia. we tested 275 ixodes persulcatus ticks for a. phagocytophilum, cand. n. mikurensis and babesia spp. and 125 dermacentor nuttalli ticks especially for babesia spp. using different pcr methods. ticks were collected from three provinces (selenge, arkhangai, khentii) in mongolia. dna of a. phagocytophilum, ca ... | 2016 | 26739031 |
| the composition and transmission of microbiome in hard tick, ixodes persulcatus, during blood meal. | the tick ixodes persulcatus is the predominant tick species in northeastern china, and it is a major vector in transmission of tick-borne diseases. by 16s rrna illumina sequencing, we investigated the microbiome of i. persulcatus and assessed the variation of the microbiome before and after blood feeding. the prolonged blood meal dramatically altered the composition of the microbiome but did not influence the bacterial diversity. overall, 373 and 289 bacterial genera were assigned to unfed and f ... | 2014 | 25150725 |
| genetic variability of anaplasma phagocytophilum in ticks and voles from ixodes persulcatus/ixodes trianguliceps sympatric areas from western siberia, russia. | anaplasma phagocytophilum is a causative agent of granulocytic anaplasmosis in different mammals. the presence of a. phagocytophilum was assayed in ixodes persulcatus, ixodes trianguliceps ticks and myodes spp. voles from two i. persulcatus/i. trianguliceps sympatric areas in the omsk region (western siberia, russia). in total, a. phagocytophilum was found in 42/108 (38.9%) of vole blood samples, 13/34 (38.2%) of i. trianguliceps ticks removed from voles, 1/12 (8.3%) of i. persulcatus removed fr ... | 2014 | 25113979 |
| suppressive effects of neutrophil by salp16-like salivary gland proteins from ixodes persulcatus schulze tick. | salp16, a 16-kda tick salivary gland protein, is known to be the molecule involved in the transmission of anaplasma phagocytophilum, an obligate intracellular pathogen causing zoonotic anaplasmosis, from its mammalian hosts to ixodes scapularis. recently, the presence of a. phagocytophilum was documented in japan and ixodes persulcatus was identified as one of its vectors. the purpose of this study was to identify salp16 genes in i. persulcatus and characterize their function. two cdna clones en ... | 2014 | 24698498 |
| pcr detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi in ixodes persulcatus ticks in mongolia. | a molecular epidemiological survey was conducted to identify the tick-borne disease agents anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in selenge province, mongolia. the survey was in response to a suspected a. phagocytophilum infection in a patient. in 2012, a total of 129 questing ixodes persulcatus adult ticks were sampled by flagging vegetation. a. phagocytophilum and borrelia spp. were detected by pcr, targeting the 16s rdna (rrs) and 5s-23s intergenic spacer region, respe ... | 2014 | 24451102 |
| prevalence of lyme borrelia in ixodes persulcatus ticks from an area with a confirmed case of lyme disease. | in this study, the prevalence of borrelia infections in ixodes ticks from a site in hokkaido, japan, with confirmed cases of lyme disease was determined by a pcr method capable of detecting and differentiating between strains of pathogenic borrelia, with particular emphasis on borrelia garinii (b. garinii) and borrelia afzelli (b. afzelli), using tick-derived dna extracts as template. a total of 338 ticks, inclusive of 284 ixodes persulcatus (i. persulcatus), were collected by flagging vegetatio ... | 2013 | 23047332 |
| association between anaplasma phagocytophilum seroprevalence in dogs and distribution of ixodes ricinus and ixodes persulcatus ticks in latvia. | anaplasma phagocytophilum has been detected in ticks in latvia; however, this is the first study to investigate this pathogen in dogs in latvia. the aims of this study were: (i) to determine a. phagocytophilum seroprevalence in dogs, (ii) to correlate a. phagocytophilum seroprevalence in dogs with the geographic distribution of the tick species ixodes ricinus and ixodes persulcatus, and (iii) to determine if seroprevalence for a. phagocytophilum is higher in dogs with clinical signs suggestive o ... | 2013 | 23043871 |
| dual presence of anaplasma phagocytophilum and its closely related anaplasma sp. in ixodid ticks in hokkaido, japan, and their specific molecular detection. | anaplasma phagocytophilum causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis (hga) and tick-borne fever in ruminants. a closely related and potentially novel anaplasma sp. in japan was recently characterized. the aims of the study were to provide molecular evidence for the presence of these 2 species in japan, and to develop a reliable pcr method based on the nucleotide differences within the citrate synthase (glta) gene. dna samples from 182 ixodid ticks (134 ixodes persulcatus, 35 haemaphysalis douglasii ... | 2012 | 22813904 |
| molecular detection and characterization of anaplasma phagocytophilum strains. | the zoonotic rickettsial pathogen anaplasma phagocytophilum has a broad geographic distribution and a high degree of biological and clinical diversity. to investigate the genetic diversity of a. phagocytophilum strains in the baltic region and norway, three species of ixodidae ticks were examined for a. phagocytophilum infection, and two genes of the pathogen genome were analyzed. analysis of partial 16s rrna and partial major surface protein (msp4) gene sequences was accomplished through nested ... | 2012 | 22305337 |
| effects of parasites and antigenic challenge on metabolic rates and thermoregulation in northern red-backed voles (myodes rutilus). | perturbations in host energetics are considered to be an essential pathway for parasite impact on host fitness. however, direct estimations of parasite-induced variations in basal metabolic rates of vertebrate hosts have so far provided contradictory results. the energy requirements of immunity and other vital functions may be compromised in energy-demanding conditions in comparison to comfortable conditions; therefore, in our study performed on the wild red-backed vole, myodes rutilus, we compa ... | 2015 | 26341798 |
| prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of babesia spp. in ixodes ricinus and ixodes persulcatus ticks in latvia. | babesia spp. are tick-borne protozoan parasites that have been reported in many european countries and are considered to be emerging pathogens. several babesia spp. have been identified in ticks in latvia. recently, canine babesiosis cases were diagnosed for the first time in latvia; therefore, continued studies on the prevalence and occurrence of new species are warranted. in the present study, questing tick samples collected in 2005-2007 were screened for the presence of babesia spp.; in total ... | 2016 | 26481239 |
| genetic variability of babesia parasites in haemaphysalis spp. and ixodes persulcatus ticks in the baikal region and far east of russia. | to study babesia diversity in ixodid ticks in russia, ixodes persulcatus, haemaphysalis japonica, haemaphysalisconcinna, dermacentor silvarum, and dermacentor nuttalli ticks collected in the far east and baikal region were assayed for the presence of babesia spp. using nested pcr. in total, babesia dna was detected in 30 of the 1125 (2.7%) i. persulcatus, 17 of the 573 (3.0%) h. concinna, and 12 of the 543 (2.2%) h. japonica but was undetectable in any of the 294 analyzed dermacentor spp. partia ... | 2014 | 25460820 |
| ixodes persulcatus ticks as vectors for the babesia microti u.s. lineage in japan. | the u.s. lineage, one of the major clades in the babesia microti group, is known as a causal agent of human babesiosis mostly in the northeastern and upper midwestern united states. this lineage, however, also is distributed throughout the temperate zone of eurasia with several reported human cases, although convincing evidence of the identity of the specific vector(s) in this area is lacking. here, the goal was to demonstrate the presence of infectious parasites directly in salivary glands of i ... | 2016 | 27590815 |
| high prevalence of babesia microti 'munich' type in small mammals from an ixodes persulcatus/ixodes trianguliceps sympatric area in the omsk region, russia. | babesia microti is a genetically diverse group of protozoan parasites whose life cycle is associated with both small mammals and ixodes spp. ticks. in this study, the prevalence of different b. microti genetic groups in ticks and small rodents in an area with ixodes persulcatus and ixodes trianguliceps occurring in sympatry was examined. a total of 541 small mammals were captured during eight sampling periods between 2013 and 2015 at a site in the omsk region of russia and tested for the presenc ... | 2016 | 27212463 |
| the pcr detection and phylogenetic characterization of babesia microti in questing ticks in mongolia. | babesia microti is a tick-transmitted zoonotic hemoprotozoan parasite. in the present study, we investigated b. microti infection in questing ticks in mongolia. a total of 219 questing ticks were collected from three different mongolian provinces (bayan-olgii, khovsgol, and selenge). of these, 63 from selenge were identified as ixodes persulcatus, while the remaining 156 (from all three provinces) were identified as dermacentor nuttalli. when the tick dna samples were screened using a b. microti ... | 2015 | 26225461 |
| [parasitological factors impeding the transmission of the agent of babesiosis (babesia microti) to man from the tick ixodes persulcatus]. | based on the analysis of own and literature data, it is concluded that the following ma- in permanent system of ecologicalarasitological factors prevents the effective vector functions of the tick i. persulcatus in transmission of b. microti: lack of distinct nymphs' anthropophily; small spontaneous invasion of hungry adults; a duration of the parasitic phase in humans is insufficient to complete the sporogonic development, because victims interrupt the phase. therefore, not excluding the possib ... | 2015 | 26016332 |
| genetic diversity and molecular characterization of babesia motasi-like in small ruminants and ixodid ticks from china. | ovine babesioses, an important tick-borne disease of sheep and goats in china, is caused by the reproduction of intraerythrocytic protozoa of the babesia genus. babesia motasi-like is a babesia parasite that infects small ruminant in china, and two sub-groups of b. motasi-like can be subdivided based on differences in the rhoptry-associated-protein-1 gene. this study aimed to characterize the distribution, epidemiology and genetics of b. motasi-like in animals and ticks. a molecular investigatio ... | 2016 | 26976477 |
| molecular epidemiological surveillance to assess emergence and re-emergence of tick-borne infections in tick samples from china evaluated by nested pcrs. | an investigation was performed to detect eight pathogens in ticks collected from grass tips or animals in the southern, central and northeast regions of china. dna samples extracted from ticks were collected from ten different locations in eight provinces of china and subjected to screening for tick-borne pathogens, including borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, ehrlichia spp., rickettsia spp., babesia/theileria spp., ehrlichia ruminantium, coxiella burnetii, and francisella tularensis, using nested ... | 2016 | 26943995 |
| rickettsial diseases and ectoparasites from military bases in japan. | ectoparasitic arthropods are often vectors of rickettsiosis. we conducted a survey of ectoparasites on u.s. military facilities throughout japan with the use of specimens submitted by pest control, public health, and veterinary personnel. over 1,600 individual ectoparasites were collected. fifteen species were identified, including several significant vectors of human diseases such as scrub typhus and rickettsial spotted fevers. these ectoparasites included ctenocephalides felis , haemaphysalis ... | 2015 | 25548900 |
| prevalence of borrelia miyamotoi in ixodes persulcatus in irkutsk city and its neighboring territories, russia. | adult ixodes persulcatus were collected in highly populated districts in irkutsk city, russia, and in popular recreational and professional areas in its neighboring territories. borrelia miyamotoi infection in i. persulcatus was examined using multiplex taqman-pcr targeting 16s rdna, and nested pcr and sequencing analyses targeting flab and 16s rdna. b. miyamotoi and lyme disease borrelia species were detected in 13 (infection rate, 2.9%) and 77 (17.3%) out of 445 i. persulcatus ticks, respectiv ... | 2016 | 26750571 |
| multilocus spacer analysis revealed highly homogeneous genetic background of asian type of borrelia miyamotoi. | borrelia miyamotoi, a member of the relapsing fever group borreliae, was first isolated in japan and subsequently found in ixodes ticks in north america, europe and russia. currently, there are three types of b. miyamotoi: asian or siberian (transmitted mainly by ixodes persulcatus), european (ixodesricinus) and american (ixodesscapularis and ixodespacificus). despite the great genetic distances between b. miyamotoi types, isolates within a type are characterised by an extremely low genetic vari ... | 2015 | 25697887 |
| transovarial transmission of borrelia spirochetes by ixodes scapularis: a summary of the literature and recent observations. | transovarial transmission (tot) of borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato), the agent of lyme disease, by the ixodes persulcatus group of hard ticks (ixodidae) has frequently been reported in the literature since the discovery of lyme disease 1982. evidence for and against tot by b. burgdorferi has led to uncertainty and confusion in the literature, causing misconceptions that may have public health consequences. in this report, we review the published information implicating b. burgdorferi as a bacte ... | 2013 | 23238242 |
| borrelia miyamotoi infections among wild rodents show age and month independence and correlation with ixodes persulcatus larval attachment in hokkaido, japan. | to clarify how borrelia miyamotoi is maintained in the environment in hokkaido, we examined ixodes persulcatus for its prevalence among wild rodents and its tick vector by detecting a portion of the borrelial flab gene in rodent urinary bladder and blood samples, and from whole ticks. we compared b. miyamotoi infection rates to borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii, which are human lyme disease pathogens also carried by wild rodents, and which are transmitted by the same vector tick. whereas b. ... | 2013 | 23210636 |
| an investigation of binding ability of ixodes persulcatus schulze salp15 with lyme disease spirochetes. | salp15, a 15-kda tick salivary gland protein, has several suppressive modes of activity against host immunity and plays a critical role in the transmission of lyme disease spirochetes in ixodes scapularis and ixodes ricinus, major vectors of lyme disease in north america and western europe. salp15 adheres to borrelia burgdorferi and specifically interacts with its outer surface protein c (ospc), protecting the spirochete from antibody-mediated cytotoxicity and facilitating infection in the mice. ... | 2015 | 25796479 |
| differential tick burdens may explain differential borrelia afzelii and borrelia garinii infection rates among four, wild, rodent species in hokkaido, japan. | the ecologies of lyme disease borrelia spp. are very specific to location, as they are dependent upon the spirochete species and genotypes, the vectors and the host vertebrates present. in hokkaido, japan, where two human pathogenic, lyme disease borrelia spp. are present, and human cases are reported annually, the ecologies have been poorly studied. our goal was to determine whether variation in borrelial infection rates among rodent species sharing an environment, is due to immunological or ec ... | 2013 | 23391510 |
| the diversity and prevalence of hard ticks attacking human hosts in eastern siberia (russian federation) with first description of invasion of non-endemic tick species. | hard ticks are the vectors of many pathogens including tick-borne encephalitis virus and the lyme disease agent borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. in eastern siberia, ixodes persulcatus, dermacentor nuttalli, dermacentor silvarum and haemaphysalis concinna are regarded as aggressive to humans. recently, significant changes in world tick fauna have been reported and this affects the spread of tick-borne pathogens. we studied the current species diversity, population structure and prevalence of tick ... | 2016 | 26443685 |
| high prevalence of genetically diverse borrelia bavariensis-like strains in ixodes persulcatus from selenge aimag, mongolia. | in mongolia, lyme borreliosis was first reported in 2003. to determine which borrelia species may contribute to the occurrence of lyme borreliosis in mongolia, real-time pcr was conducted on 372 adult ixodes persulcatus ticks collected in selenge aimag, the province with the highest incidence of human lyme borreliosis. 24.5% of ticks were identified to be positive for borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato dna. species differentiation using an snp-based real-time pcr and multi-locus sequence analysis r ... | 2013 | 23084366 |
| [dynamic investigation on the co-infection status of two pathogens in ticks from tourist point in heilongjiang province]. | to monitor the co-infection status of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (b.b.s.l) and spotted fever group rickettsia (sfgr) in tourist areas of heilongjiang province. | 2012 | 22883181 |
| investigation of borrelia spp. in ticks (acari: ixodidae) at the border crossings between china and russia in heilongjiang province, china. | to investigate the precise species of tick vector and the borrelia spirochete pathogen at the heilongjiang province international border with russia. | 2012 | 22575978 |
| the correlation between tick (ixodes persulcatus sch.) questing behaviour and synganglion neuronal responses to odours. | we examined the behavioural and electrophysiological responses of taiga ticks (ixodes persulcatus) to several olfactory stimuli: osmopherone® (5-a-androst-16-en-3-ol), osmopherine® (butanoic and 3-methylbutanoic acids), deet® (n,n-diethyl-meta-toluamide), ethanol (96%), and water (control stimulus). to study individual tick behavioural reactions to these stimuli, we used a y-shaped glass maze (n=50). to study the electrophysiological reactions of the ticks' synganglia to these olfactory stimuli, ... | 2012 | 22497860 |
| identification of trospa homologue in ixodes persulcatus schulze, the specific vector for human lyme borreliosis in japan. | the tick receptor for outer surface protein a (trospa) is an ixodes scapularis (i. scapularis) receptor for borrelia burgdorferi (b. burgdorferi), the causative agent of lyme disease in north america. the blockade of trospa has been shown to reduce b. burgdorferi adherence to the i. scapularis gut in vivo. thus, trospa is one of the potential targets for the development of vector-antigen-based vaccines to prevent the transmission of b. burgdorferi. the aim of this study is to identify the trospa ... | 2012 | 22445928 |
| comparative analysis of the roles of ixodes persulcatus and i. trianguliceps ticks in natural foci of ixodid tick-borne borrelioses in the middle urals, russia. | long-term studies on natural foci of ixodid tick-borne borrelioses (itbb) have been performed in chusovskoi district of perm region, the middle urals, where the vectors of these infections are represented by two ixodid tick species: the taiga tick ixodes persulcatus and many times less abundant vole tick i. trianguliceps. over 10 years, more than 6000 half-engorged ticks were collected from small forest mammals using the standard procedure, and 1027 i. persulcatus and 1142 i. trianguliceps ticks ... | 2015 | 25843812 |
| occurrence and genetic variability of kemerovo virus in ixodes ticks from different regions of western siberia, russia and kazakhstan. | kemerovo virus (kemv), a member of the reoviridae family, orbivirus genus, is transmitted by ixodes ticks and can cause aseptic meningitis and meningoencephalitis. recently, this virus was observed in certain provinces of european part of russia, ural, and western and eastern siberia. however, the occurrence and genetic diversity of kemv in western siberia remain poorly studied. therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the prevalence and genetic variability of kemv in ixodes ticks from ... | 2017 | 27838528 |
| prevalence of kemerovo virus in ixodid ticks from the russian federation. | the prevalence of kemerovo virus in ixodid ticks collected in 2008-2012 from 11 regions of the russian federation was investigated by real-time reverse-transcription pcr (rt-pcr). the presence of kemerovo virus in ixodes persulcatus, ixodes ricinus, and dermacentor reticulatus was confirmed. virus prevalence depended on the region and varied from zero to 10.1%. | 2014 | 25073856 |
| first detection of kemerovo virus in ixodes pavlovskyi and ixodes persulcatus ticks collected in novosibirsk region, russia. | kemerovo group viruses are tick-transmitted members of orbivirus genus of the reoviridae family that can cause infections of the central nervous system of humans. in this work, kemerovo virus (kemv) rna was detected for the first time in novosibirsk region of western siberia, russia, in ixodes pavlovskyi and ixodes persulcatus ticks. | 2014 | 24880473 |
| louping ill virus (liv) in the far east. | this study focused on finding, culturing, and identifying the biological and genetic characteristics of three louping ill virus (liv) strains in the south of the russian far east. the primorye-155-77 and primorye-20-79 virus strains were isolated from ixodes persulcatus ticks, and the primorye-185-91 strain was isolated from the blood of a person after a tick bite. according to the hemagglutination and neutralization tests, primorye-155-77, primorye-20-79 and primorye-185-91 had weak reactivity ... | 2015 | 25543207 |
| [genetic characterisation of powassan virus (powv) isolated from haemophysalis longicornis ticks in primorye and two strains of tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) (flaviviridae, flavivirus): alma-arasan virus (aav) isolated from ixodes persulcatus ticks in kazakhstan and malyshevo virus isolated from aedes vexans nipponii mosquitoes in khabarovsk kray]. | the complete genomes of the three tick-borne flaviviruses (genus flavivirus, fam. bunyaviridae) were sequenced: povassan virus (powv, strain leiv-3070prm, isolated from haemophysalis logicornis in primorsky krai, russia in 1977), alma-arasan virus (aav, strain leiv-1380kaz, isolated from ixodes persulcatus ticks in kazakhstan in 1977) and malyshevo virus (isolated from a pool of aedes vexans nipponii mosquitoes, in the khabarovsk krai, russia in 1978). it is shown that aav and malyshevo virus ar ... | 2014 | 25895206 |
| genetic variability of rickettsia spp. in ixodes persulcatus ticks from continental and island areas of the russian far east. | rickettsia spp. are intracellular gram-negative bacteria transmitted by arthropods. two potentially pathogenic rickettsiae, candidatus rickettsia tarasevichiae and rickettsia helvetica, have been found in unfed adult ixodes persulcatus ticks. the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and genetic variability of rickettsia spp. in i. persulcatus ticks collected from different locations in the russian far east. in total, 604 adult i. persulcatus ticks collected from four sites in the khaba ... | 2016 | 27424272 |
| diversity of spotted fever group rickettsia infection in hard ticks from suifenhe, chinese-russian border. | in order to investigate the diversity of spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsia infection in hard ticks, ticks were harvested from the forest areas in suifenhe city, along the chinese-russian border and conventional pcr was carried out using universal sfg rickettsia primers targeting glta and ompa genes to screen for their infection with sfg rickettsia organisms. results showed that of the 215 ticks belonging to ixodes persulcatus, haemaphysalis concinna and haemaphysalis japonica warburton, 1908 ... | 2016 | 26976703 |
| genetic variability of rickettsia spp. in ixodes persulcatus/ixodes trianguliceps sympatric areas from western siberia, russia: identification of a new candidatus rickettsia species. | rickettsia spp. are the causative agents of a number of diseases in humans. these bacteria are transmitted by arthropods, including ixodid ticks. dna of several rickettsia spp. was identified in ixodes persulcatus ticks, however, the association of ixodes trianguliceps ticks with rickettsia spp. is unknown. in our study, blood samples of small mammals (n=108), unfed adult i. persulcatus ticks (n=136), and i. persulcatus (n=12) and i. trianguliceps (n=34) ticks feeding on voles were collected in ... | 2015 | 26190452 |
| detection and identification of rickettsia species in ixodes tick populations from estonia. | a total of 1640 ticks collected in different geographical parts of estonia were screened for the presence of rickettsia species dna by real-time pcr. dna of rickettsia was detected in 83 out of 1640 questing ticks with an overall prevalence of 5.1%. the majority of the ticks infected by rickettsiae were ixodes ricinus (74 of 83), while 9 of the 83 positive ticks were ixodes persulcatus. for rickettsial species identification, a part of the citrate synthase glta gene was sequenced. the majority o ... | 2015 | 26096853 |
| distribution and molecular characteristics of rickettsiae found in ticks across central mongolia. | little is known regarding tick-borne diseases in mongolia, despite having 26% of the population still living nomadic pastoral lifestyles. a total of 1497 adult unfed ticks: 261 ixodes persulcatus, 795 dermacentor nuttalli, and 441 hyalomma asiaticum, were collected from three ecologically distinct regions in central mongolia. tick pools (n = 299) containing ~5 ticks each, were tested for rickettsia and tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) using nested polymerase chain reaction, reverse transcrip ... | 2017 | 28153052 |
| rickettsia raoultii, the predominant rickettsia found in mongolian dermacentor nuttalli. | since the year 2005, clinical patterns resembling tick-borne rickettsioses have been noticed in mongolia. epidemiological data regarding species of the aetiological agent, tick vector, prevalence, and distribution as well as incidence of human cases throughout mongolia are still sparse to date. in order to identify rickettsia species occurring in mongolia, we investigated dermacentor nuttalli (n=179) and ixodes persulcatus (n=374) collected in 4 selected provinces. rickettsia raoultii was the pr ... | 2012 | 22784401 |
| activity of tick antimicrobial peptide from ixodes persulcatus (persulcatusin) against cell membranes of drug-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | persulcatusin (ip), which is an antimicrobial peptide found in ixodes persulcatus midgut, is active against gram-positive bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus. multidrug-resistant bacteria in particular methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa), vancomycin-intermediate s. aureus (visa) and vancomycin-resistant s. aureus (vrsa) are a worldwide clinical concern. in the present study, to explore the potential of ip as a new agent against multidrug-resistant s. aureus infections, we evaluated the ant ... | 2017 | 27531221 |
| genetic diversity of theileria orientalis in tick vectors detected in hokkaido and okinawa, japan. | in the present study, we investigated the possible tick vectors that can transmit theileria orientalis in eastern hokkaido, japan. questing ticks collected from three different districts, taiki, otofuke, and shin-hidaka, of hokkaido included ixodes persulcatus, haemaphysalis megaspinosa, haemaphysalis douglasi, and ixodes ovatus, while all the ticks collected from yonaguni island of okinawa were identified as haemaphysalis longicornis. when the ticks were screened by polymerase chain reaction (p ... | 2012 | 22824416 |
| impact of air temperature variation on the ixodid ticks habitat and tick-borne encephalitis incidence in the russian arctic: the case of the komi republic. | the causes of the recent rise of tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) incidence in europe are discussed. our objective was to estimate the impact of air temperature change on tbe incidence in the european part of the russian arctic. | 2017 | 28362566 |
| comparative analysis of complete genome sequences of european subtype tick-borne encephalitis virus strains isolated from ixodes persulcatus ticks, long-tailed ground squirrel (spermophilus undulatus), and human blood in the asian part of russia. | tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) is divided into three subtypes: european (tbev-eu), siberian (tbev-sib), and far eastern (tbev-fe) subtypes. the geographical range of tbev-eu dominates in europe, but this subtype is present focally across the whole non-tropical forested eurasian belt, through russia to south korea. however, the tbev-eu strains isolated outside europe remain poorly characterized. in this study, full-genome sequences of eight tbev-eu isolates were determined. these strains we ... | 2017 | 28336423 |
| baltic lineage of tick-borne encephalitis virus: a putative evolutionary pathway. | tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) is transmitted by ixodid ticks and has three subtypes. the most genetically heterogeneous and widely distributed is the siberian subtype which is subdivided into two main phylogenetic lineages, asian (tbev-sib(asia)) and baltic (tbev-sib(baltic)). according to the hypothesis of quantum evolution of tbev (kovalev et al., 2014b), tbev-sib(asia) originated about 370 years ago in siberia, but the question concerning the time and place of origin of tbev-sib(baltic ... | 2016 | 27478072 |
| tick-borne encephalitis virus diversity in ixodid ticks and small mammals in south-western siberia, russia. | the persistence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) in nature is maintained by numerous species of reservoir hosts, multiple transmissions between vertebrates and invertebrates, and the virus adaptation to its hosts. our aim: was to compare tbev isolates from ticks and small wild mammals to estimate their roles in the circulation of the viral subtypes. | 2016 | 27303915 |
| [detection of the siberian tick-borne encephalitis virus in the xinjiang uygur autonomous region, northwestern china]. | until the recent emergence/re-emergence of human-pathogenic viruses in ticks, tick-borne viruses have been neglected as causative agents of human disease (particularly in china). to gain insight into the diversity of tick-borne viruses in xinjiang uygur autonomous region (northwestern china), we conducted illumina deep sequencing-based screening for virus-derived small rnas in field-collected ixodes persulcatus ticks. we found 32, 631 unique virus-matched reads. in particular, 77 reads mapped to ... | 2016 | 27295880 |
| [polymorphism in the phenotypic structure of a population of taiga tick and its epidemiological significance]. | the paper presents the results of 10-year (2005-2014) observations of an ixodespersulcatus schulze population. the purpose of this investigation was to trace long-term changes in the structure of the taiga tick population from the proportion of specimens with external skeletal anomalies and to assess a relationship between the pattern of imago phenotypic variation and the virus percentage of a carrier. there were a total of reports of the external skeletal structure of 1123 females gathered from ... | 2016 | 26720971 |
| isolation and characterization of tick-borne encephalitis virus from ixodes persulcatus in mongolia in 2012. | tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) is a zoonotic virus belonging to the genus flavivirus, in the family flaviviridae. the virus, which is endemic in europe and northern parts of asia, causes severe encephalitis. tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) has been reported in mongolia since the 1980s, but details about the biological characteristics of the endemic virus are lacking. in this study, 680 ticks (ixodes persulcatus) were collected in selenge aimag, northern mongolia, in 2012. nine mongolian tbev ... | 2015 | 26025267 |
| [genetic diversity of the tick-borne encephalitis virus in ixodes persulcatus ticks in northeastern european russia]. | the genetic diversity of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) in the pcr-positive taiga ticks collected in the republic of komi in 2010 was evaluated. the analyses of nucleotide sequences of the 5'-ncr fragments of viral genome from ticks had shown that 13 isolates of tbev from 16 sequencing variants were represented by the highly pathogenic far eastern genotype of the tbev and only 3 isolates were identified as the siberian genotype of tbev. the nucleotide sequences of 5'-ncr of viral genom ... | 2014 | 25272463 |
| surveillance of tick-borne encephalitis virus in wild birds and ticks in tomsk city and its suburbs (western siberia). | to study the role of wild birds in the transmission of tick borne encephalitis virus (tbev), we investigated randomly captured wild birds bearing ixodid ticks in a very highly endemic tbe region located in tomsk city and its suburbs in the south of western siberia, russia. the 779 wild birds representing 60 species were captured carrying a total of 841 ticks, ixodes pavlovskyi pom., 1946 (n=531), ixodes persulcatus p. sch., 1930 (n=244), and ixodes plumbeus leach. 1815 (n=66). the highest averag ... | 2014 | 24380691 |
| [investigation on the endemic foci of new emerged tick-borne encephalitis in charles hilary, xinjiang]. | to investigate the recent emerged endemic region of tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) regarding its natural reserves, in charles hilary, northern xinjiang and to isolate and characterize the viral geographic strain. | 2013 | 24016430 |
| clusteron structure of tick-borne encephalitis virus populations. | tick-borne encephalitis is a natural focal transmissible zooanthroponosis. the causative agent of the disease is a tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) belonging to the genus flavivirus of the family flaviviridae and is widespread in eurasia. current tbev classification based on molecular genetic data comprises three phylogenetically separate subtypes: far eastern, european and siberian (tbev-sib). further differentiation of tbev isn't developed, making it difficult to investigate the origins, d ... | 2013 | 23201042 |
| ixodes persulcatus, a major vector of alphaproteobacteria in russia. | ixodes persulcatus schulze, 1930 (i. persulcatus) is distributed from the western to the eastern borders of russia where it is found in the taiga and in mixed forests of the european type. this tick is a known vector of viral (tick-borne encephalitis virus), spirochetal (borrelia spp.), and protozoan (babesia spp.) agents. in this work, we analyzed the phylogenetic position of i. persulcatus within the prostriata based on its 18s rrna gene. furthermore, we review the relationship of this tick wi ... | 2012 | 23182546 |
| [polytypic strains in the genofund of tick-borne encephalitis virus]. | eighteen polytypic tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) strains containing the fragments of e and ns1 protein genes of siberian and far eastern, occasionally siberian and european subtypes were isolated in the european and asian parts of the tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) area. they were identified using real-time polymerase chain reaction, hybridization-fluorescence detection with genotype-specific probes, restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, and e protein sequencing. the polytypic ... | 2016 | 22905425 |
| isolation, preliminary characterization, and full-genome analyses of tick-borne encephalitis virus from mongolia. | tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) causes one of the most important inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system, namely severe encephalitis in europe and asia. since the 1980s tick-borne encephalitis is known in mongolia with increasing numbers of human cases reported during the last years. so far, however, data on tbev strains are still sparse. we herein report the isolation of a tbev strain from ixodes persulcatus ticks collected in mongolia in 2010. phylogenetic analysis of the e-ge ... | 2012 | 22847274 |
| tick repellents and acaricides of botanical origin: a green roadmap to control tick-borne diseases? | arthropods are dangerous vectors of agents of deadly diseases, which may hit as epidemics or pandemics in the increasing world population of humans and animals. among them, ticks transmit more pathogen species than any other group of blood-feeding arthropods worldwide. thus, the effective and eco-friendly control of tick vectors in a constantly changing environment is a crucial challenge. a number of novel routes have been attempted to prevent and control tick-borne diseases, including the devel ... | 2016 | 27146901 |
| [pcr identification of dna of hosts of the taiga tick nymphs (ixodes persulcatus: ixodinae) in st. petersburg and its suburbs]. | pcr identification of host dna in unfed females and males of taiga tick ixodes persulcatus was performed. amplification of each sample was done using primers species-specific by 12s rdna mitochondrial gene. four species of small mammals (apodemus uralensis, clethrionomys glareolus, microtus arvalis, and sorex araneus) and two passeriform bird species (fringilla coelebs and parus major) were analysed. for one third of tick samples, hosts of previous stages were established using this method. in f ... | 2012 | 22384683 |
| identification and the preliminary in vitro characterization of iris homologue from salivary glands of ixodes persulcatus schulze. | ixodes ricinus immunosuppressor (iris) is a tick salivary gland protein derived from i. ricinus. in this study, iris homolog was identified in the salivary glands of ixodes persulcatus, which is the specific vector of the lyme disease agent in japan. the homolog was named ipis-1. to investigate the function of ipis-1, we prepared a recombinant ipis-1 expressed in cos-7 cells as a rabbit igg fc-fused protein (ipis-1-ig). cell proliferation assay and ifn-γ elisa showed that ipis-1-ig inhibits the ... | 2016 | 26460162 |
| the first molecular evidence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in ticks in jilin, northeastern china. | severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging tick-borne zoonosis. the aim of this study was to investigate sfts virus (sftsv) infections in ticks in northeastern china. a total of 6427 ticks, including 5450 haemaphysalis longicornis, 463 dermacentor silvarum, 351 dermacentor nuttalli, and 163 ixodes persulcatus, were sampled in the liaoning, jilin, and heilongjiang provinces of northeastern china. viral megagenomic analysis of the ticks revealed 25 contigs targeting the m an ... | 2016 | 27460903 |
| influence of altitude on tick-borne encephalitis infection risk in the natural foci of the altai republic, southern siberia. | the altai republic is a highly endemic area as far as tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) is concerned. the aim of the research was to study the effect of altitude on the risk of tick-borne encephalitis infection in the altai republic. the paper analyzes the following data: the study of ixodid ticks collected from the vegetation in 116 sites at the 200-2383m elevation above sea level in 2012-2014, tbe virus prevalence of these vectors, tick-bite incidence rate, and tbe incidence rate of the population ... | 2015 | 25748512 |
| the role of particular tick developmental stages in the circulation of tick-borne pathogens affecting humans in central europe. 1. the general pattern. | tick-borne pathogens are common in the natural environment, but their occurrence has a focal character. they occur in the natural environment in the form of the enzootic sources of infection. the general components include the animal reservoir, amplifiers and the efficient vector. however, the particular role of components can differ depending on the pathogen, the host range and possible transmission routes. animal reservoir of pathogen are vertebrate animals, being the hosts of pathogens. in eu ... | 2015 | 26878618 |
| molecular survey of hard ticks in endemic areas of tick-borne diseases in china. | over the past several years, there was a substantial increase in the number of cases of known and novel tick-borne infections in humans in china. to better understand the ticks associated with these infections, we collected hard ticks from animals or around livestock shelters in 29 localities in 5 provinces (beijing, henan, hubei, inner mongolia, and zhejiang) where cases of tick-borne illness were reported. we collected 2950 hard ticks representing 7 species of 4 genera (dermacentor sinicus, ha ... | 2013 | 23538111 |
| detection and genetic characterization of a wide range of infectious agents in ixodes pavlovskyi ticks in western siberia, russia. | the ixodes pavlovskyi tick species, a member of the i. persulcatus/i. ricinus group, was discovered in the middle of the 20(th) century in the russian far east. limited data have been reported on the detection of infectious agents in this tick species. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genetic variability of a wide range of infectious agents in i. pavlovskyi ticks collected in their traditional and recently invaded habitats, the altai mountains and novosibirsk province, ... | 2017 | 28545549 |
| prevalence of candidatus rickettsia tarasevichiae-like bacteria in ixodid ticks at 13 sites on the chinese-russian border. | to investigate the likely source population and candidate vectors of candidatus rickettsia tarasevichiae, the prevalence of this bacteria was quantified in specimens of four tick species that mainly parasitize humans collected from 13 sites along the chinese-russian border. the presence of the bacteria was determined by detecting its specific citrate synthase (glta) partial gene and outer membrane protein a (ompa) partial gene. only ixodes persulcatus schulze was found to be naturally infected w ... | 2014 | 26309321 |
| a novel zoonotic anaplasma species is prevalent in small ruminants: potential public health implications. | tick-borne diseases currently represent an important issue for global health. a number of emerging tick-transmitted microbes continue to be discovered, and some of these are already identified as the cause of human infections. over the past two decades, anaplasma phagocytophilum is considered to be mainly responsible for human anaplasmosis. however, a novel zoonotic pathogen provisionally named "anaplasma capra" has recently been identified in china. in this study, we did an active surveillance ... | 2017 | 28558749 |