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sikhote-alin virus, a new member of the cardiovirus group (picornaviridae) isolated from ixodes persulcatus ticks in primorie region.a virus, designated sikhote-alin, was isolated in 1970 from ixodes persulcatus ticks collected from a wild boar in the primorie region (u.s.s.r.) sikhote-alin virus showed no haemagglutinating activity and no antigenic relationships with arboviruses of 12 antigenic groups, 17 ungrouped tick-borne arboviruses, porcine enteroviruses and coxsackie a (types 1-18) viruses. an one-way antigenic relationship was demonstrated by complement fixation with cardioviruses (mengo and columbia-sk strains). the ...197835943
[pseudopopulations of ixodes persulcatus p. sch. in the forest-steppe zone of central povolzh'ie and the role of birds in its formation]. 1975123029
[ecology of ixodid ticks from small mammals in the leningrad oblast].collections from rodents conducted over a period of 11 years in natural nidi of tularemia in the leningrad region include the ticks of ixodes persulcatus, i. ricinus, i. trianguliceps and i. apronophorus. the redbacked vole is the main host of i. trianguliceps larvae. the larvae of this species have two peaks of abundance, in june and september. larvae and other developmental phases of i. apronophorus were most abundant on water vole in june. larvae of i. persulcatus and i. ricinus feed on small ...1977143642
[sex ratio in natural populations of imago, ixodes ricinus l. and ixodes persulcatus p. sch. (ixodoidea, ixodidae)]. 1977144853
[ixodes persulcatus p. sch. in the natural foci of tick-borne encephalitis at the southern border of the distribution area (the kuibyshev district)]. 1978148557
[comparative evaluation of the action of biologically active substances of different groups of satiated female ixodes persulcatus p. sch. (acarina, ixodidae)]. 1979431496
[migrations of ixodes persulcatus ticks from the moment of nymph satiety to activation of the vempty imagoes]. 1979460050
[sources and patterns in the recovery of the numbers of the taiga tick (ixodes persulcatus, shulze, 1930) in tick-borne encephalitis foci treated with a ddt dust]. 1979460057
[ultrastructural characteristics of the salivary glands of the taiga tick, ixodes persulcatus (ixodidae). i. the granulosecreting alveoles of the fasting female].two types of granulosecreting alveoles were found in salivary glands of hungry females by means of electron microscopy of ultrafine sections. alveoles of the iind type occur in the anterior helf of the gland. they are not numerous and consist of three types of secretory cells (a, b, c) surrounding the inneralveolar cavity. the secretory cells are separated from each other and from the basal membrane by the strands of the epithelial cells p. three types of spherical inclusions were found in the s ...1979514626
[seasonal changes in the level of fertility of female ixodes ricinus l. and ixodes persulcatus p. sch. until they land on their hosts and the significance of this phenomenon in the life of tick populations]. 1979537588
[effect of radioactive labeling on the survival of ixodes persulcatus ticks]. 1977604736
[population density of ixodes persulcatus ticks (ixodidae) in the western sikhote-alin].the paper presents data on the population density of active ticks in different landscape zones of west sykhote-alyn as well as the material on the absolute abundance of ticks in four experimental 400 m2 areas. the abundance of active ixodes persulcatus and haemaphysalis japonica on vegetation at the peak of their activity was found to amount to half of all hibernated adult ticks.1978643311
[the antibacterial effect of organs and tissues of hyalomma dromedarii, hyalomma anatolicum and ixodes persulcatus ticks]. 1975815775
[influence of temperature on the duration of the developmental cycle of ixodes persulcatus (ixodidae) ticks].experiments were conducted with ticks of i. persulcatus collected in the vicinity of khabarovsk. the females were fed at the beginning of june, hatched larvae and nymphs--after the completion of postlarval development. the ticks were maintained in testglasses at constant humidity, at temperatures of 6, 12, 15, 28 and 33c in darkness. minimum developmental periods of the ticks from egg to imago are 211 days at 28c, 732 days at 15c and 869 days at 12c. the development without diapause was not obse ...1977865882
[fertility of ixodes persulcatus p. sch. females labeled with 14c at the nymph stage]. 1977875908
[sensitivity of the females of ixodes persulcatus and dermacentor silvarum (ixodidae) to baytex and the possibility of their overcoming poisoning with this substance].females of i. persulcatus and d. silvarum are very sensitive to baytex, the value of ld50 for both species are similar. the development of injury after exposure to baytex proceeds very quickly and the subsequent stages of injury development correspond to those caused by ddt (uspensky and levikov, 1974). the overcoming of baytex poisoning during the sucking of the host's blood is possible only at the initial stage of the injury. the simulatneous feeding on the same rabbit of ticks treated with ba ...1977896262
[electron microscopic study of haller's organ in the tick, ixodes persulcatus (ixodidae)].haller's organ consists of the capsule, in which are arranged 7 thin-walled porous olfactory hairs, and an anterior group of sensillae situated in the cuticular recess before the capsule. the anterior group is represented by one thick-walled porous, one conical, two thin and two grooved hairs. the porous hairs are characterized by "plugs", the grooved ones--by a complex system of cavities and tubules. before the organ there are hairs resembling tactile and gustatory receptors of arthropods, behi ...1977896277
response of ixodes persulcatus p. sch. population to ddt and its residues. 1977898997
residues of ddt in biogeocenoses of taiga after application of ddt for control of ixodes persulcatus p. sch. 1977898998
biological regularities of restoration of ixodes persulcatus p. sch. tick populations after eradication measures. 1977898999
[population and a group of populations in ixodes persulcatus p. sch]. 1976940521
accumulating process and concentration ratios of ingested blood meals in larvae and nymphs of ten species of ticks.the accumulating process and concentration ratios of ingested blood meals in the larvae and nymphs of amblyomma testudinarium, haemaphysalis campanulata, h. concinna, h. formosensis, h. hystricis, h. kitaokai, the bisexual and parthenogenetic strains of h. longicornis, h. megaspinosa, and ixodes persulcatus on rabbits and argas japonicus on chickens were comparatively investigated. the larvae and nymphs of the ixodid ticks examined and the larvae of a. japonicus concentrated the ingested blood m ...1976980120
[distance orientation of the tick ixodes persulcatus to the attractant factors of the prey].the laboratory and field tests have shown that the odour is the main factor which activates ticks (ixodes persulcatus) attraction to the host. ticks have a sensation of a man on 15 metres distance; the number of activated ticks increases with the distance to the host and depends on the wind direction. the infrared radiation source excites only a short time activation of the ticks on 0.5-1.0 metres distance. mechanic and sound stimulations were found to be uneffective for the ticks in the experim ...19761018934
[absence of response of ddt by ixodes persulcatus p. sch. (parasitiformes, ixodidae)]. 19761022306
[uneven degree of aging of intestinal epithelium of hungry ticks ixodes persulcatus].adult individuals of i. persulcatus are characterized by uneven assimilation of nutrients in digestive cells of the mid-gut. in the mid-gut of females and males exist simultaneously parts with different degrees of exhaustion. physiological age of a hungry individual is determined by three items: "main" physiological age; degrees of exhaustion "accompanying" it; and, in addition, by different degrees of exhaustion of individual digestive cells in the limits of one portion of the mid-gut. calculat ...19761023145
[tarsal gland of ixodid ticks (ixodidae)].in the tarsi of all legs of ixodes persulcatus, dermacentor daghestanicus, rhipicephalus turanicus and hyalomma asiaticum the multicellular gland was observed. the gland is formed by a single layer of glandular cells that form a central cavity where two ciliary structures in a cuticular (scolopoid) sheath are situated. a possible function of the gland is discussed in the article.19761026913
[distribution of ixodes persulcatus p. sch. ticks on the northern slope of western saian and factors determining it. report iii. development of larvae and nymphs and the composition of ticks of various generations in the imago population]. 19751113702
[behavior of the tick-borne encephalitis virus in ixodes persulcatus ticks of various origins]. 19751113709
[ability of female ixodid ticks to recover from poisoning with ddt in the process of feeding].ability of hungary females of ixodes persulcatus, haemaphysalis concinna and dermacentor silvarum to feed and lay eggs after having been exposed to different ddt doses (ld100) has been studied. the ticks heavily injuried but still mobile can feed on the host and lay eggs, i.e. to overcome the poisoning. clutches laid by these females do not differ from control ones. loss of mobility deprives the ticks of the ability to fed. an increase in ddt dose (ld100 x 100, experiment with i. persulcatus) do ...19751187171
[erysipeloid on the islands of the sea of okhotsk. i. the sources and vectors of the causative agent of erysipeloid].the foci of the causative agent of erysipeloid at the islands of the okhotsk sea were of the polyvector and polyhostal character. there were recorded 92 species of the naturally infected by the erysipeloid causative agent invertebrate inhabitants of the sea, fish, amphibia, reptilia, birds, mammals and ectoparasites of the warm-blooded animals. gamazoid and ixodes ticks, mosquitoes, horse-flies and flees were found to be naturally infected with erysipelotrix. ixodes persulcatus were found to be ...19751199575
characterization of borrelia burgdorferi isolated from ixodes persulcatus and ixodes ovatus ticks in japan.the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi was detected in the adult stage of the ixodid ticks ixodes persulcatus and i. ovatus collected in various localities in japan. the total prevalence values were 16.6% of 777 i. persulcatus and 23.6% of 687 i. ovatus. sixty-two (63.9%) of 97 isolates from i. persulcatus contained the 30-34-kd heterogeneous outer surface protein a (ospa) that reacted with monoclonal antibody h5332. in contrast, all 128 isolates from i. ovatus were homogeneous with re ...19921279996
comparison of borrelia burgdorferi isolated from humans and ixodid ticks in hokkaido, japan.four spirochetal isolates (jem1 to jem4) were obtained from cutaneous lesions of patients manifesting erythema chronicum migrans in hokkaido, japan. in the protein profiles by sds-page and the reactivities with monoclonal antibodies (h5332 and h9724) by immunoblotting, all the human isolates were identical with the tick isolates from ixodes persulcatus. these data indicate that i. persulcatus is an important vector of lyme disease for humans in japan.19921283437
interpretation of a model for a ddt-treated population of ixodes persulcatus. i. susceptibility of ixodes persulcatus p. sch. (acarina, ixodidae) to ddt in different developmental stages and physiological states. 19921295400
interpretation of a model for a ddt-treated population of ixodes persulcatus. ii. factors contributing to effectiveness of acaricide application. 19921295401
[the attraction of taiga ticks by the smell of the host's fur in nature].in the "zhigulevsky" preserve, 46 coarse calico napkins impregnated with 1 ml of an attractant, were placed alternatively as controls and experimental along the road with the interval of 5 meters. the attractant was a methanol wash-off of the hair of a mongrel dog. during 8 hour exposure the experimental napkins were attacked by 20% males and 12.5% females of active ticks living by the road (after the third experiment a complete catch of ticks was carried out). the tick distribution indirectly i ...19921299766
[differences in the distant transmission of the tick-borne encephalitis virus by ixodid ticks of 2 subfamilies].simultaneous but separate feeding of ticks on nonviremic animal (guinea pig) has shown that amblyomminae ticks are practically unable to transmit distantly tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) to the specimens of their own subfamily and to ixodinae as well. ixodes persulcatus and i. ricinus displayed their ability as donors and recipients of tbev (adults and nymphs) not only for their own subfamily representatives but also as donors for recipients of amblyomminae subfamily (nymphs and adults of ...19921299805
[survey on tick vectors of lyme disease spirochetes in china].since 1987 we have been studying on lyme disease in china. there were 71 isolates of borrelia burgdorferi recovered from six species of ticks including ixodes persulcatus, ixodes granulatus, ixodes rangtangensis, haemaphysalis concinna. haemaphysalis bispinosa and haemaphysalis longicornis, and 55 isolates from ixodes persulcatus collected from heilongjiang, jilin, liaoning, nei-monggol, hebei and xinjiang region (province). ixodes persulcarus is the dominant species accounted for more than 80% ...19921300244
[plant smells---important determinants in the behavior and rate of development of ixodid disease vectors].experiments with nymphs of ixodes persulcatus and dermacentor marginatus have shown that the rate and degree of engorgement, dropping off from the mouse, metamorphosis longevity and weight of emerging imagoes change under plant odour influence. the influence of acetone extract vapours of pepper, poplar buds, linden and aspen was tested. under the influence of the vapour, acting as an attractant for the adults, engorgement weight of their nymphs and the weight of imagoes emerging from them increa ...19921364524
[deoxyoligonucleotide probes that differentiate antigenic and pathogenetic variants of the tick-borne encephalitis virus].experiments on molecular hybridization were carried out using a panel of 11 deoxyoligonucleotide probes complementary to different parts of tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) virus, strain sophyin, genome. under study were the tbe virus strains differing by 3 criteria: (1) source of isolation (patients with acute and chronic tbe, ixodes persulcatus and d. nuttalli ticks, small mammals); (2) serotype (eastern and siberian aina/1448), (3) virulence for syrian hamsters. rna of all the strains was hybrid ...19921384240
[cyclic changes in the population count of the taiga tick in the stolby preserve].a harmonic analysis was carried out of ixodes persulcatus density dynamics over 33 years and the analysis of small mammal density and some climatic factors. it was found that the chronological changes of all the three processes contained cyclic components with the period 5.5 and 11; 3-4; 5.5 and 14-16 years, respectively. a long-term prognosis of i. persulcatus density was made based on harmonic synthesis.19921435570
prevalence of lyme borreliosis spirochetes in ixodid ticks of japan, with special reference to a new potential vector, ixodes ovatus (acari: ixodidae).to determine the vectors of lyme borreliosis in japan, the ixodid ticks taken in hokkaido, fukushima, nagano, ehime, and kochi prefectures were examined individually for spirochetal infections by culturing their midgut tissues in bsk medium. the cultivable spirochetes identified as borrelia burgdorferi were detected in ixodes persulcatus schulze adults (15.5% of 634), nymph (6.7% of 15) and ixodes ovatus neumann adult (9.6% of 188) from hokkaido, i. ovatus adults (25.5% of 47) from fukushima, an ...19921495032
dna analysis of borrelia burgdorferi nch-1, the first northcentral u.s. human lyme disease isolate.the dna of the first northcentral united states human lyme disease isolate, borrellia burgdorferi nch-1, was characterized and compared with the dnas of nine other b. burgdorferi isolates. strain nch-1 was isolated in august 1989 from a human skin biopsy specimen. dna was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and restriction endonuclease analysis. contour-clamped homogeneous electric field pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of in situ-lysed cells was performed to compare the plasmid profile ...19921551988
probability models of the rate of infection with tick-borne encephalitis virus in ixodes persulcatus ticks.a total of 3,254 adults of ixodes persulcatus tick were collected in a taiga forest habitat situated in the amgun river basin (khabarovsk region, the far east, ussr) and examined individually for the presence and amount of tick-borne encephalitis virus. the over-all proportion of infected ticks was 6.6% and it varied between 3.4% and 9.4% in the years 1982 to 1985. the amount of virus per tick was approximated by the gamma distribution determining a probability that the number of plaque-forming ...19921644355
host substitution by ixodes persulcatus (acari: ixodidae) larvae in the years of deep depression in the abundance of small mammals.a phenomenon of host substitution by the taiga tick (ixodes persulcatus) larvae was observed by the authors in the western part of the soviet far east. in the mountain forests where the highest abundance of i. persulcatus was found, larvae usually fed on small mammals (primarily on clethrionomys rufocanus, c. rutilus and apodemus speciosus). numerous larvae were found, however, on the mountain hare (lepus timidus) in the years of deep depression in the abundance of small mammals. the host substi ...19921644364
antigenic properties of borrelia burgdorferi isolated from ixodes ovatus and ixodes persulcatus in hokkaido, japan.spirochete strains hp3 and ho14, isolated from ixodes persulcatus and i. ovatus in hokkaido in 1989, were the first isolates of borrelia burgdorferi, the etiological agent of lyme disease, to be recognized in japan. antigenic properties of the japanese strains were compared with those of the strains isolated in the united states (b31 and 297) and europe (irs, p/gau, p/bi, 2/b45, and 3/b56) by western blotting (immunoblotting), by using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against strains b31 and p/bi. t ...19911761676
[the optimization of a method for assessing the contagiosity and the degree of individual infectiousness of ticks with borrelia].the results of dark-ground microscopy of 478 positive preparations from ixodes persulcatus sch. and i. ricinus l., gathered in the active natural foci of lyme's disease in leningrad province, have been analysed. the preparation was prepared by cutting ticks placed into a drop of physiologic saline, with needles. it has been demonstrated that if all the standard conditions are fulfilled (magnification 600, drop volume 0.02 ml, covering glasses, 18 x 18 mm) it is practically impossible to overlook ...19911770879
[the modification of a medium for culturing and isolating the causative agent of lyme disease].possible use of three types of media (prepared on the basis of 199, rpmi and mem, the rest of receipt being recommended for bsk-ii) for cultivation of the agent of lyme's disease is reviewed. the most satisfactory borrelia burgdorferi growth has been noted on the medium with base 199. using the same medium 5 spirochaete isolates have been obtained from 10 passages of the material from 41 ticks, ixodes persulcatus sch. and i. ricinus l. the results seem promising for further studies on the elabor ...19911770889
host associations and seasonal abundance of immature ixodes persulcatus (acari: ixodidae) in a lyme-disease-endemic area in china.ticks of nine small mammal species were studied in an area of endemic lyme disease in hailin county, heilongjiang province, from 1 may to 10 october 1986. the bulk (93%) total small mammal captures were apodemus speciosus (45%), clethrionomys rufocanus (31%), a. agrarius (11%) and eutamias sibiricus; (5%): these host species accounted for 97% of the 162 ticks collected. ixodes persulcatus schulze were most abundant on e. sibiricus (0.64 larvae and 0.08 nymphs/squirrel), and less abundant on a. a ...19911773682
[the correlation variability of the morphometric traits in 4 species of ixodid tick species (ixodidae)].correlation analysis of 10 characters was run in three species of dermacentor, d. nuttalli, d. ushakovae, d. niveus, and in ixodes persulcatus, separately for each phase and sex. correlation coefficients are very low in larvae of all species. in male nymphs correlation coefficients are on the same level in all species while the correlation coefficient level in female nymphs reflects the degree of independence of the development of characters. this defines the degree of manifestation of sexual di ...19911792099
[the results of laboratory and field trials of the action of ektomin on the taiga tick].laboratory and field trials of 60% concentrated ectomin emulsion have been conducted. laboratory experiments on the contact of hungry female individuals of ixodes persulcatus (acarina, ixodidae) with pesticide in the envelopes made of impregnated filter paper have established high imago sensitivity to the preparation--ld50 after a 4-hour contact was 1.10(-6) micrograms/cm2. in field experiments ectomin ensured a 100% effect of hungry ixodes persulcatus elimination 1-2 days later, with the prepar ...19911795676
[the morphogenic diapause of the taiga tick and the methods for its quantitative assessment in a field experiment].methods of quantitative estimation of critical photoperiod and critical date of entering the diapause in ixodids have been worked out. s-shaped dependence of the number of diapausing larvae and nymphs of ixodes persulcatus on their feeding periods has been shown. it has been established that in central udmurtia the average critical date of entering the diapause in 50% of satiated larvae and nymphs falls at the 18th and 29th of june, respectively, with the light day length of 17 hr 10 min and 16 ...19911839697
[geographic distribution of lyme disease in mudanjiang].four forestry plant in mudanjiang with different geographic characteristics were investigated in 1989. 2178 people were inquired and examined. 74 cases including 54 of ecm, 12 of nervous system disorder and 8 of arthritis were confirmed as lyme disease. there were some patients at other places of forest areas of mudanjiang. the prevalence rate of lyme disease ranged from 1% to 4.5% at four plants with higher rate in mountainous area than in hilly land. it is first report that one strain of lyme ...19911863948
[isolation and characteristics of borrelia burgdorferi from ixodes persulcatus].we reported the detailed characteristics of lyme disease spirochetes (borrelia burgdorferi), strain h7, isolated from ixodes persulcatus in heilongjiang. cells of strain h7 were 9.8--26.5 microns long and 0.13--0.35 microns wide. there were 1--11 waves with a wavelength of 1.2--3.0 microns and an amplitude of 0.59--1.13 microns. direction of spires was left. seven flagella were inserted subterminally at each end of the cell and ends were pointed. 31 degrees c was the optimum cultural temperature ...19911866942
detection of antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi in patients with uveitis.we determined the antibody response against borrelia burgdorferi strains isolated from japanese ixodes ovatus and ixodes persulcatus ticks by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence assay of serum specimens from 127 patients with uveitis. we examined samples of serum from japanese patients with unclassified uveitis, iridocyclitis caused by herpes zoster virus, behçet's disease, vogt-koyanagi-harada syndrome, sarcoidosis, or other conditions (sympathetic ophthalmia, posn ...19911882917
investigation of lyme disease in xinjiang.from april through july 1988, an epidemiological investigation on lyme disease was carried out in nalati xanyuan, xinjiang uygur autonomous region, china. of 150 ixodes persulcatus ticks examined by darkfield microscopy, 42 (28%) were found to have spirochetes. two strains of spirochetes were isolated from i. persulcatus with bsk medium. rabbits inoculated with the spirochetes showed erythema chronicum migrans at the sites of inoculation and the spirochetes were found in the cerebrospinal fluid ...19912065539
[natural foci of tick-borne encephalitis on the southwestern coast of sakhalin].nucleic acids of ixodes persulcatus were studied by molecular hybridization in the natural focus of tick-borne encephalitis in kholmsk district of sakhalin province. the studies have shown wide dissemination of viral rna in the focus. the infectivity of ticks in various sites of habitation varied from 3.5 to 18.5%, their number fluctuating from 0.4 to 300 and more imago per flag-hour. the most active part of the natural focus has been determined using zoological-viral indexes. the viral strain o ...19912067497
epidemiological and aetiological evidence for transmission of lyme disease by adult ixodes persulcatus in an endemic area in china.involvement of adult ixodes persulcatus ticks in the transmission of lyme disease in hailin county, heilongjiang province, china, is reported. in 1986 from april through august adult i. persulcatus was the dominant tick in this endemic area with an infection rate of 43% for the lyme disease spirochaete, borrelia burgdorferi. the incidence of lyme disease cases presenting the symptom of erythema chronicum migrans (ecm) within this area was correlated with the seasonal abundance of adult i. persul ...19902083990
[the isolation of tick-borne encephalitis virus strains and the determination of the scope of immune stratification among the population and the domestic animals on the northern russian plain].between 1986 and 1987 the authors conducted virological survey of 689 ixodes persulcatus and 420 mouse-like and insectivorous rodents at the territory of arkhangelsk province and the republic of komi. a total of 8 strains of tick-borne encephalitis virus were isolated. out of them 3 strains were isolated from small mammalians (2 from clethrionomys glareolus, 1 from microtus oeconomus) at the southeastern areas of arkhangelsk province within the middle taiga subarea, 5 strains were isolated from ...19902145500
[the lysozyme of ixodes persulcatus ticks].using a technique based on specific enzyme sorption by chitin (beta-1-4-n-acetylglucosamine), lysozyme with a molecular mass of 15,000 has been isolated from homogenates of the ix. persulcatus ticks. micrococci and staphylococci proved to be most sensitive to lysozyme from the ix. persulcatus ticks, while e. coli and salmonella were less sensitive. the minimum inhibitory concentration of lysozyme from ix. persulcatus was 2-4 times lower than that of egg lysozyme. lysozyme from the ix. persulcatu ...19902215366
[factors that determine the possibility of tick-borne encephalitis infection. 3. the probability of human contact with an infected vector in the central taiga forests of khabarovsk territory].contacts with ixodes persulcatus sch. and the carriers' infestation with encephalitis virus have been studied for many years in middle taiga forests of the khabarovsk territory. the results of the studies have been compared. the risk of contacts with ticks invaded with varying virus doses has been assessed. it has been established that clinical forms of the disease develop upon bites of highly infected ticks. the number of such ticks in the natural focus is an important index of its potential da ...19902215376
[the infectiousness of ixodes persulcatus ticks with the causative agents of lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis simultaneously].by means of individual bacteriological and virological investigations of adult ixodes persulcatus ticks and comparison of obtained results there has been established their simultaneous spontaneous infection with agents of lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis. a possible frequency of such mixed infection in these vectors is being discussed.19902367143
[a trial using taiga tick larvae (ixodes persulcatus) for detecting the acaricidal properties of pesticides].the authors have developed a method for the detection and estimation of the pesticide acaricide characteristics, consisting in contact of i. persulcatus hungry preimago and imago with the pesticide in envelopes made of impregnated filter paper.19892483449
[the action of carbon dioxide gas in high concentrations on ixodid ticks].the ticks ixodes persulcatus, dermacentor reticulatus, d. marginatus were affected by 50, 70, 80 and 90% co2 at 18 to 26 degrees. the higher the gas concentration and the lower the temperature, the quicker and the deeper was anesthesia. additional tests have shown that response to co2 depends on the water balance level determining the position of atrial valves. the response of some individuals to co2 can change depending on the tick state during the experiment.19892501750
[ethology of the taiga tick ixodes persulcatus during its spring activity].10 elementary behavioural acts (eba) were distinguished in the behaviour of the taiga tick during its spring activity. the acts include repeatable and indivisible into more simple forms poses (active and passive waiting poses, resting pose, hiding pose), movements (scanning movement, haller's organ cleaning, contacting movement) and locomotor acts (locomotion to a zone of contact, locomotion to a shelter, locomotion to a source of scent). eba form 3 behavioural programs: entering a zone of conta ...19892524027
[a seroepidemiologic and virological study of the presence of arboviruses in moldavia in 1961-1982].in romania, st. drăgănescu et al., miszkolczy et al., based on clinical and epidemiological observations, affirmed the possible presence of "tick-borne encephalitis (tbe)". however, critical retrospective evaluation of certain others' papers published through 1958-1971 reveal some uncommon features. by way of example: a very high incidence of cf- and hi-antibodies in acute and chronic cns illnesses as well as in general population; replication in nucleus and maturation in mitochondria of a strai ...19892561524
[investigation of lyme disease in northeast of china].in 1987-1988, we conducted investigation of lyme disease in northeast of china. the disease was widespread in the forest areas of heilonjiang and jilin provinces where ixodes persulcatus population thrives. the disease occurred at daqing tree farm where 628 people were inquired and examined among them, 37 cases including 23 cases of ecm, 6 cases of neurological abnormalities, 7 cases of arthritis and 1 case of acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans were confirmed being lyme disease. the sera of pat ...19892611866
[a count of the vector portion of a population of the causative agent of tick-borne encephalitis connected with the imago of the taiga tick (ixodes persulcatus)].the paper presents results of individual virological investigation of about 2 thousand of hungry imagoes of ixodes persulcatus sch., collected for the estimation of the absolute number of ticks at test sites. this approach is shown to be suitable for estimating the ratio between the vectors with various virus doses, the number of vectors, and of the vector share in a virus population in natural tick-born encephalitis foci.19892628708
epizootiology of borrelia in ixodes tick vectors and reservoir hosts.four north american and two european species of ixodes ticks harbor borreliae. three of the north american species--ixodes dammini, ixodes scapularis, and ixodes pacificus--and two old world species--ixodes ricinus and ixodes persulcatus--feed on a wide range of hosts, including humans; the north american ixodes dentatus has a predilection for cottontail rabbits and rarely parasitizes humans. in lyme disease foci in north america where i. dammini is common, borrelia burgdorferi or similar types ...19892682957
[research on arbovirus infections].the author presents the results of researches done at the "stefan s. nicolau" institute of virology in bucharest on the infections induced by arboviruses. the characteristics of three tick encephalitis virus strains (two strains isolated from ixodes ricinus and ixodes persulcatus ticks and one from a patient with encephalitis symptoms) are given. most of the report is devoted to the results of serological survey conducted in a human population, in several domestic birds and mammals from some dis ...19892699965
[cyclical changes in the number of ixodes persulcatus in udmurtia].analysis involving autocorrelation functions indicated the presence of cyclic components in the changes in i. persulcatus population as well as in certain climatic parameters. three orders of cycles are distinguished, their mean duration comprising 5.5; 11.1 and 22.2 years. high number peaks of i. persulcatus repeated with a mean period of 22 years in 1938-1942, 1959-1964 and 1983-1986, coinciding with the periods of solar energy decline in odd 11-year cycles. according to the established regula ...19892710048
[tick-borne encephalitis in a northern zone of coniferous and broad-leaved forests of a focal region of the amur river basin].the geographical variability of the population of tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) virus in the northern part of the zone of combined coniferous and broad-leaved forests was established; this variability was manifested by higher virulence and homogeneity of tbe virus strains, as shown in experiments on white mice receiving the virus extraneurally, in comparison with the southern part of the zone and by higher virus carriership of the ticks ixodes persulcatus. with the epizootic situation remaining ...19892816182
[the mountain hare--host of the taiga tick in cisbaikal]. 19872960879
[the meadow tick dermacentor reticulatus in natural foci of tick-borne encephalitis in udmurtia].in southern udmurtia, where occur both dermacentor reticulatus and ixodes persulcatus, in the years of high abundance of small mammals feeding periods of larvae and nymphs of these ticks coincide completely. the duration of simultaneous parasitism of preimago of the above ixodid species on animals is of epidemiological significance as far as within this period the infection of young stages of d. reticulatus with the virus of tick-borne encephalitis occurs. this is confirmed by the isolation of i ...19872963991
[identification of borrelia isolated in the ussr from ixodes persulcatus schulze ticks].the data on the identification of 7 spirochetal isolates from ixodes persulcatus ticks collected in leningrad province and the khabarovsk territory are presented. these isolates, studied with the use of monoclonal antibodies, have been shown to belong to borrelia burgdorferi.19883072807
[repeated catching of taiga ticks on their permanent routes].to determine seasonal dynamics of abundance of ixodes persulcatus p. sch. by standard methods the ticks collected on flag were marked with a nonrepeated group mark and returned into the registration route. as a result it was established that during the season of ticks' activity in the biotope of shrub meadows 26%, in the biotope of overgrown and trashed glades 14.4% and in the biotope of young aspen forest 13.8% of marked ticks were repeatedly found. of all considered factors affecting repeated ...19883174181
clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of lyme disease in hailin county, heilongjiang province, china.clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of lyme disease in hailin county, heilongjiang province, china have been reported. the clinical picture of erythema chronicum migrans (ecm) is variable. ecm in the form of annular erythematous patch is uncommon. it is an extensive and indurated lesion. in some instances, a vesicle or necrosis appears in the center of the lesion. secondary erythema may present in some patients. the neurologic abnormalities consist of meningitis, facial p ...19883190101
[intrapopulation differences in the infectivity of adult ixodes persulcatus p. sch. with the tick-borne encephalitis virus and an assessment of its total content in ticks].at the present stage of investigations on the role of vectors in foci of tick-borne encephalitis and of other transmissible infections it is necessary not only to operate with extensive indices of arthropod infection rate but also to take into account the degree of their infection. it has been demonstrated that adult empty ixodes persulcatus ticks at the time of activation differ significantly by the degree of their infection with tick-borne encephalitis virus. in the khabarovsk territory, annua ...19883195144
[transmission of borrelia burgdorferi from nymphs to imago in the tick ixodes persulcatus schulze]. 19883229314
[role of the food hosts of adult ixodes persulcatus p. sch. ticks in circulating the tick-borne encephalitis virus]. 19883367862
[behavioral characteristics of ixodes persulcatus p. sch. ticks infected with the tick-borne encephalitis virus]. 19883412245
[evaluation of the results of a one-time count of the nymphs of the taiga tick (ixodes persulcatus p. sch.) on platforms]. 19883412246
[the tick ixodes persulcatus schulze--a new vector of borrelia burgdorferi]. 19873446473
[incidence of copulating pairs of the taiga tick (ixodes persulcatus sch., ixodidae) in nature]. 19873626989
lyme disease in japan and its possible incriminated tick vector, ixodes persulcatus. 19873655407
[repellent action of mannich bases on ixodes persulcatus ticks]. 19873683298
[sexual dimorphism of the larvae and nymphs of the taiga tick--ixodes persulcatus].manifestations of sexual dimorphism at the preimaginal phase was studied on the laboratory culture of ixodes persulcatus. it has been found out that larger engorged larvae produce, in general, larger nymphs and smaller larvae produce smaller nymphs. the classification of engorged nymphs into large (over 2.9 mm) and small ones (less than 2.9 mm) has made it possible (with 100% probability) to obtain females from the former and males from the latter. differences in linear sizes of scutum, gnathoso ...19863785969
a contribution to the methods of estimating absolute tick numbers.the method of estimating tick numbers in nature by means of experimental sites and by subsequent determination and comparison of classes of occurrence frequency, originally developed for estimation of the numbers of adult ixodes persulcatus in the far east and udmurtia, was successfully applied to imagoes and nymphs of ixodes ricinus occurring in typical central european biotopes.19863804087
comparison of the effects of altozar and ddt on females of ixodes persulcatus sch. during and after feeding.ixodes persulcatus females were treated with altozar and ddt at one of six consecutive time-points during the period beginning with attachment and ending with the commencement of oviposition. the moment of tick attachment (point 1) appeared to be the most sensitive time for the action of altozar; a delay of detachment of some of the engorged females was observed, as well as a decrease in their mean weight and the non-detachment of a considerable number of the females over a long period. similar ...19853870958
[effect of forest fires on the population count and spatial structure of the taiga tick (ixodidae)].results of two large-scale surveys of ixodes persulcatus distribution were compared. surveys were conducted in a south taiga forest area in the khabarovsk region two and ten years after a great fire. the direct inhibiting effect of the fire on the population of i. persulcatus was not continuous though apparent. by the moment of pyrogenic small forests formation on slash fires, i.e. during the period not exceeding 2-3 complete developmental cycles of i. persulcatus, the abundance and spatial stru ...19854047717
[ultrastructural characteristics of the salivary glands of of the tick ixodes persulcatus. ii. type iii alveoli of the sucking female].electron microscope observations were conducted to study changes in the cellular structure of iiid type alveoli of feeding females of i. persulcatus. within the first 1-2 days of feeding granulosecreting glandular cells "d" and "e" get free of secretory inclusions. after that cells "d" degenerate completely and cells "e" undergo morphological transformations and start to fulfil osmoregulatory functions. from the third day of feeding cytoplasm of cells "e" and basal intersticial cells form a comp ...19854069743
[characteristics of the distribution of ixodes persulcatus in the forest-park area of novosibirsk].only one species of ixodid ticks ixodes persulcatus occurs in the forest-park zone. conditions of foliage forests with high grass, where occur hosts of all developmental phases of ticks (elks, hares, rodents, insectivores), are most favourable for i. persulcatus. preimaginal phases of i. persulcatus feed, in general, on dominant species (common shrew, redbacked and narrow-skulled voles, field mouse and northern birch mouse).19854069744
[phytophenoindicators of periods of activation of ixodes ticks ixodes persulcatus p. sch]. 19674238412
[epidemic role of ticks of the genera dermacentor and ixodes persulcatus p. sch. in mountain foci of tick-borne encephalitis in relation to activity of their attacks on man]. 19684239525
attempt at detailed large-scale mapping of the distribution of the taiga tick]. 19734272863
[correlation of population indices for the imago of ixodes persulcatus p. sch]. 19744278935
[physiological age and sensitivity to ddt in a natural population of ixodes persulcatus p, sch. ticks]. 19744281905
behaviour of tick-borne encephalitis virus in artificially infected ixodes persulcatus ticks. 19694389036
[development of a lesion in ixodid ticks (ixodes persulcatus, dermacentor silvarum, haemaphysalis concinna) following the action of ddt]. 19744419643
[daily fluctuations in the activity of starving nymphs of ixodes ricinus l. and ixodes persulcatus p. sch. (parasitiformes: ixodiadae)]. 19744456171
[1st manifestation of activity (activation) of the ticks ixodes persulcatus p. sch. and the length of their life in western saian]. 19744462009
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