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saturated linkage map construction in rubus idaeus using genotyping by sequencing and genome-independent imputation.rapid development of highly saturated genetic maps aids molecular breeding, which can accelerate gain per breeding cycle in woody perennial plants such as rubus idaeus (red raspberry). recently, robust genotyping methods based on high-throughput sequencing were developed, which provide high marker density, but result in some genotype errors and a large number of missing genotype values. imputation can reduce the number of missing values and can correct genotyping errors, but current methods of i ...201323324311
qtl involved in the modification of cyanidin compounds in black and red raspberry fruit.fruit from rubus species are highly valued for their flavor and nutritive qualities. anthocyanin content contributes to these qualities, and although many studies have been conducted to identify and quantify the major anthocyanin compounds from various rubus species, the genetic control of the accumulation of these complex traits in rubus is not yet well understood. the identification of the regions of the genome involved in the production of anthocyanins is an important first step in identifyin ...201323224381
complete genomic sequence of a rubus yellow net virus isolate and detection of genome-wide pararetrovirus-derived small rnas.rubus yellow net virus (rynv) was cloned and sequenced from a red raspberry (rubus idaeus l.) plant exhibiting symptoms of mosaic and mottling in the leaves. its genomic sequence indicates that it is a distinct member of the genus badnavirus, with 7932bp and seven orfs, the first three corresponding in size and location to the orfs found in the type member commelina yellow mottle virus. bioinformatic analysis of the genomic sequence detected several features including nucleic acid binding motifs ...201324076299
ellagitannins from rubus berries for the control of gastric inflammation: in vitro and in vivo studies.ellagitannins have shown anti-inflammatory and anti-helicobacter pylori properties; however, their anti-inflammatory activity at gastric level was not previously investigated. the aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of ellagitannins from rubus berries on gastric inflammation. ellagitannin enriched extracts (ets) were prepared from rubus fruticosus l. (blackberry) and rubus idaeus l. (raspberry). the anti-inflammatory activity was tested on gastric cell line ags stimulated by tnf-α a ...201323940786
where does the border lie: locally grown plants used for making tea for recreation and/or healing, 1970s-1990s estonia.traditional use of local wild and cultivated plants for making recreational tea in estonia often borders with the medicinal use of the same plants.201323994468
investigating preference-performance relationships in aboveground-belowground life cycles: a laboratory and field study with the vine weevil (otiorhynchus sulcatus).the preference-performance hypothesis has principally considered insect herbivores with aboveground lifecycles, although the hypothesis could be equally relevant to insects with life stages occurring both aboveground and belowground. moreover, most studies have focussed on either laboratory or field experiments, with little attempt to relate the two. in this study, the preference-performance hypothesis was examined in an aboveground-belowground context in the laboratory using the vine weevil (ot ...201221867576
strategies for transcriptome analysis in nonmodel plants.even with recent reductions in sequencing costs, most plants lack the genomic resources required for successful short-read transcriptome analyses as performed routinely in model species. several approaches for the analysis of short-read transcriptome data are reviewed for nonmodel species for which the genome of a close relative is used as the reference genome. two approaches using a data set from phytophthora-challenged rubus idaeus (red raspberry) are compared. over 70000000 86-nt illumina rea ...201222301897
antioxidant activity of isolated ellagitannins from red raspberries and cloudberries.ellagitannins from red raspberries (rubus idaeus) and cloudberries (rubus chamaemorus) were isolated by using column chromatography and preparative hplc. the berry phenolic isolates consisted of 80% (cloudberry) and of 60% (raspberry) of ellagitannins, with raspberries also containing anthocyanins. the main ellagitannins of both raspberries and cloudberries were identified by esi-ms to consist of the dimeric sanguiin h-6 and the trimeric lambertianin c. monomeric ellagitannins such as casuaricti ...201222229937
location of the mechanism of resistance to amphorophora agathonica (hemiptera: aphididae) in red raspberry.the aphid amphorophora agathonica hottes (hemiptera: aphididae) is an important virus vector in red (rubus idaeus l.) and black (rubus occidentalis l.) raspberries in north america. raspberry resistance to a. agathonica in the form of a single dominant gene named ag1 has been relied upon to help control aphid-transmitted plant viruses; however, the mechanism of resistance to the insect is poorly understood. aphid feeding was monitored using an electrical penetration graph on the resistant red ra ...201222928330
effect of berry extracts and bioactive compounds on fulvestrant (ici 182,780) sensitive and resistant cell lines.fulvestrant (ici 182,780; ici) is approved for the treatment of advanced metastatic breast cancer that is unresponsive to other endocrine therapies. berries are frequently consumed for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer potential. in this study, we tested the efficacy of two berry extracts (jamun-ejae and red raspberry-rre) and their bioactive compounds (delphinidin-del and ellagic acid-ea) to inhibit cell proliferation with or without a sublethal dose of ici in various breast ...201223346406
juice, pulp and seeds fractionated from dry climate primocane raspberry cultivars (rubus idaeus) have significantly different antioxidant capacity, anthocyanin content and color.raspberries contain flavonoid antioxidants whose relative concentrations may vary between the juice, pulp, and seed fractions. oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac), total anthocyanin content, and berry color were determined for six cultivars of primocane raspberries grown in a dry climate (utah, usa). significant orac differences were found between juice (18.4 ± 0.39 μmol te/g), pulp (24.45 ± 0.43), and seeds (273.27 ± 11.15) with all utah cultivars combined. a significantly higher concentr ...201223132011
a comparison of fruit chemical characteristics of two wild grown rubus species from different locations of croatia.the main focus of our study was to investigate differences in nutritional (dry matter, soluble solids content, total acidity and ph value) and bioactive values (ascorbic acid, total anthocyanins, total phenols, and non-flavonoids content) of wild grown raspberry (rubus idaeus) and blackberry (rubus discolor) genotypes harvested from native populations in croatia. the average total acidity ranged from 0.93 to 1.72% in r. discolor and 1.57 to 1.91% in r. idaeus. ascorbic acid was found between 22. ...201222936111
pesticide residues in raspberries (rubus idaeus l.) and dietary risk assessment.the aim of this study was to evaluate the residues of 140 pesticides in raspberries from north-eastern poland (2005-2010). gas chromatography with electron capture detector (gc-ecd) and nitrogen phosphorous detector (gc-npd) was used. among the 128 samples, 66 (51.6%) were found to detect residues: 14.1% contained one pesticide and around 38% multiple pesticide residues. the most frequently detected were pyrimethanil residues (36.0%). twenty-seven (21.1%) raspberry samples exceeded the maximum r ...201224779781
over-seasons analysis of quantitative trait loci affecting phenolic content and antioxidant capacity in raspberry.this study examined the total phenol content (tpc) and total anthocyanin content (tac) in ripe fruit of progeny of a mapping population generated from a cross between the european red raspberry cv. glen moy ( rubus ideaus var. idaeus) and the north american red raspberry cv. latham ( rubus ideaus var. strigosus) over five seasons in two different growing environments. measurements of antioxidant capacity (frap and teac) were also carried out. tpc was highly correlated with teac and frap across t ...201222583495
the impact of anthocyanin-rich red raspberry extract (arre) on the properties of edible soy protein isolate (spi) films.to modify the properties of edible soy protein isolate (spi) films, 0.5% anthocyanin-rich red raspberry (rubus strigosus) extract (arre) (0.5 g raspberry powder in 95% ethyl alcohol/water/85% lactic acid [80:19:1. v/v/v]) was incorporated into film-forming solutions. arre resulted in an spi film having significantly enhanced tensile strength (p < 0.05) and % elongation at break (p < 0.05), as well as increased water swelling ratio (p < 0.05) and in vitro pepsin digestibility (p < 0.05). the resu ...201222515242
effect of mixing time, freeze-drying and baking on phenolics, anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity of raspberry juice during processing of muffins.consumption of baked products constitutes an important part of a daily breakfast considering that people are continually grabbing meals on the go. among baked products, muffins rank third in breakfast products and attract a broad range of consumers. incorporation of red raspberry juice into muffins can add value to the product while preserving health benefits to the consumer. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of mixing time, freeze-drying and baking on the phenolic and anthocy ...201222228299
comparison of flavonoid composition of red raspberries ( rubus idaeus l.) grown in the southern united states.raspberry flavonoid compounds have significant antioxidant activities, and regular consumption may help prevent and/or moderate chronic diseases. targeted metabolite profiling is useful to identify compounds contributing to these antioxidant properties and health benefits and for tailored breeding for functional foods. in this study, metabolomic variation was determined among three fall-fruiting red raspberry cultivars ('autumn britten', 'caroline', 'nantahala') grown at three north carolina loc ...201222128912
effects of raspberry phytochemical extract on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and serum proteomics in a rat model.the red raspberry extract possesses potent antioxidant capacity and anticancerous activity in vitro and in vivo. the objective of this study was to determine whether red raspberry extract affected the cell cycle, angiogenesis, and apoptosis in hepatic lesion tissues from a rat model induced by diethylnitrosamine (den) as well as changes of serum proteomics. rats were treated with red raspberry extract (0.75, 1.5, or 3.0 g/kg of body weight) by gavage starting 2 h after den administration and con ...201122417609
changes of hydrogen peroxide and radical-scavenging activity of raspberry during osmotic, convective, and freeze-drying.this study was conducted to investigate the influence of different drying treatments on antioxidant (ao) activity and phenolic content of raspberry (rubus idaeus), cultivar willamette. whole raspberry fruits were dried convectively (air-drying), osmotically, and freeze-dried. acetone-water extracts of fresh and dried raspberries were assessed for total phenolic content by standard folin-ciocalteau method. two ao assays were applied, a recently developed direct current (dc) polarographic assay ba ...201122417351
characterization of raspberry ketone/zingerone synthase, catalyzing the alpha, beta-hydrogenation of phenylbutenones in raspberry fruits.phenylbutanone raspberry ketone, accumulating in the mature fruits of raspberry (rubus idaeus), imparts the characteristic aroma to the fruits. here we describe the isolation and characterization of raspberry ketone/zingerone synthase 1 (rzs1), which catalyzed the nadph-dependent reduction of 4-hydroxybenzalacetone and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzalacetone to raspberry ketone and zingerone (the latter not found in raspberry), respectively. its apparent k(m) values for 4-hydroxybenzalacetone and nadph ...201121802408
pomological features, nutritional quality, polyphenol content analysis, and antioxidant properties of domesticated and 3 wild ecotype forms of raspberries (rubus idaeus l.).the raspberry (rubus idaeus l.) is an economically important berry crop that contains many phenolic compounds with potential health benefits. in this study, important pomological features, including nutrient content and antioxidant properties, of a domesticated and 3 wild (yayla, yavuzlar, and yedigöl) raspberry fruits were evaluated. also, the amount of total phenolics and flavonoids in lyophilized aqueous extracts of domesticated and wild ecotypes of raspberry fruits were calculated as gallic ...201122417339
towards an understanding of the nature of resistance to phytophthora root rot in red raspberry.a mapping population segregating for root rot resistance was screened under both field and glasshouse conditions over a number of seasons. few correlations between field and glasshouse scores were significant. final root rot scores were significantly negatively correlated with measures of root vigour. two qtl associated with resistance were identified as were overlapping qtl for root vigour assessments. markers significantly associated with the traits were used to identify bac clones, which were ...201121573956
the bioactive potential of red raspberry (rubus idaeus l.) leaves in exhibiting cytotoxic and cytoprotective activity on human laryngeal carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma.abstract in this article, the bioactive potential of red raspberry leaves, a by-product of this widely spread plant, mostly valued for its antioxidant-rich fruits, was determined. the polyphenolic profile and antioxidative properties of red raspberry leaf extract were determined and examined for potential biological activity. cytotoxic effect, antioxidative/prooxidative effect, and effect on total glutathione concentration were determined in human laryngeal carcinoma (hep2) and colon adenocarc ...201122082102
diet-consumer nitrogen isotope fractionation for prolonged fasting arthropods.nitrogen acquisition for cellular metabolism during diapause is a primary concern for herbivorous arthropods. analyses of naturally occurring stable isotopes of nitrogen help elucidate the mechanism. relevant articles have cited (58 times up to mid-june 2011) anomalously elevated δ(15)n (per mil deviation of (15)n/(14)n, relative to atmospheric nitrogen=0 ‰) values (diet-consumer nitrogen isotope fractionation; up to 12 ‰) for a prolonged fasting raspberry beetle (byturus tomentosus degeer (cole ...201122166153
impacts of the use of nonnative commercial bumble bees for pollinator supplementation in raspberry.evidence for pollinator declines has led to concern that inadequate pollination services may limit crop yields. the global trade in commercial bumble bee (bombus spp.) colonies provides pollination services for both glasshouse and open-field crops. for example, in the united kingdom, commercial colonies of nonnative subspecies of the bumble bee bombus terrestris l. imported from mainland europe are widely used for the pollination of raspberries, rubus idaeus l. the extent to which these commerci ...201121404847
ozone influence on native vegetation in the jizerske hory mts. of the czech republic: results based on ozone exposure and ozone-induced visible symptoms.ozone levels in the jizerske hory mts. measured at 13 sites by diffusive samplers during the 2006 and 2007 vegetation seasons are presented. a significant ozone gradient (5.4 ppb in 2006 and 4.0 ppb in 2007) per 100 m difference in altitude between 370 and 1,100 m a.s.l. was recorded. high-resolution maps of phytotoxic potential were developed. the aot40 threshold (5 ppm h) was exceeded over the entire area with the highest levels exceeding this threshold by 12 times in the upper portions of the ...201121374050
the antihypertensive effect of ethyl acetate extract from red raspberry fruit in hypertensive rats.to evaluate the antihypertensive effect of xinjiang red raspberry fruit ethyl acetate extract (eer) on spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr) and its possible mechanism from antioxidant perspective.201121472074
prophylaxis and therapeutic effects of raspberry (rubus idaeus) on renal stone formation in balb/c mice.purpose: to evaluate the prophylactic potential of herbal decoction from rubus idaeus, a medicinal plant widely used in the middle east to treat kidney stones, by assessing the effect of administration in experimentally induced calcium oxalate (caox) nephrolithiasis in mice. materials and methods: this study was based on administration of glyoxylate and/or herbal treatments simultaneously for 12 days, followed by histological and biochemical tests. group i was used as a negative control. group i ...201121557843
anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenolic-enriched red raspberry extract in an antigen-induced arthritis rat model.the red raspberry ( rubus idaeus ) fruit contains bioactive polyphenols including anthocyanins and ellagitannins with reported anti-inflammatory properties. this study sought to investigate the cartilage-protecting and anti-inflammatory effects of a polyphenolic-enriched red raspberry extract (rre; standardized to total polyphenol, anthocyanin, and ellagitannin contents) using (1) an in vitro bovine nasal explant cell culture model and (2) an in vivo adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model. rre con ...201122111586
effects in rats of maternal exposure to raspberry leaf and its constituents on the activity of cytochrome p450 enzymes in the offspring.the goal of our study was to determine whether maternal exposure to red raspberry leaf (rrl) and its constituents can permanently alter biotransformation of fluorogenic substrates by cytochrome p450 (cyp) in the livers of male and female offspring. nulliparous female rats received vehicle, raspberry leaf, kaempferol, quercetin, or ellagic acid orally once breeding had been confirmed until parturition. hepatic microsomes were prepared from animals at birth (postnatal day 1 [pnd1]), weaning (pnd21 ...201021115944
complete sequence and genetic characterization of raspberry latent virus, a novel member of the family reoviridae.a new virus isolated from red raspberry plants and detected in the main production areas in northern washington state, usa and british columbia, canada was fully sequenced and found to be a novel member of the family reoviridae. the virus was designated as raspberry latent virus (rplv) based on the fact that it is symptomless when present in single infections in several rubus virus indicators and commercial raspberry cultivars. rplv genome is 26,128 nucleotides (nt) divided into 10 dsrna segment ...201021144872
the effects of commercial preparations of red raspberry leaf on the contractility of the rat's uterus in vitro.we investigated the direct effects of various commercially available preparations of red raspberry leaf (rrl) on the in vitro contractility of uteri collected from diethylstilbestrol (des)-treated nonpregnant (np) and late pregnant rats. in des-treated np rats, rrl tea and capsule caused weak contractions. neither preparation affected the ability of oxytocin to initiate contractions; however, both partially inhibited preexisting oxytocin-driven contractions at the highest concentration tested. r ...201020220111
raspberry ketone increases both lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation in 3t3-l1 adipocytes.raspberry ketone (rk) is a natural phenolic compound of the red raspberry. the dietary administration of rk to male mice has been reported to prevent high-fat diet-induced elevation in body weight and to increase lipolysis in white adipocytes. to elucidate a possible mechanism for the antiobesity action of rk, its effects on the expression and the secretion of adiponectin, lipolysis, and fatty acid oxidation in 3t3-l1 were investigated. treatment with 10 µm of rk increased lipolysis significantl ...201020425690
fermentative behavior of saccharomyces strains during microvinification of raspberry juice (rubus idaeus l.).sixteen different strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae and saccharomyces bayanus were evaluated in the production of raspberry fruit wine. raspberry juice sugar concentrations were adjusted to 16° brix with a sucrose solution, and batch fermentations were performed at 22 °c. various kinetic parameters, such as the conversion factors of the substrates into ethanol (y(p/s)), biomass (y(x/s)), glycerol (y(g/s)) and acetic acid (y(ac/s)), the volumetric productivity of ethanol (q(p)), the biomass pro ...201020828848
fresh raspberry phytochemical extract inhibits hepatic lesion in a wistar rat model.abstract:201021108811
antioxidant properties and neuroprotective capacity of strawberry tree fruit (arbutus unedo).berries contain significant amounts of phytochemicals, including polyphenols, which are reported to reduce cancer risk, coronary heart disease and other degenerative diseases. these effects are mainly attributed to the antioxidant capacity of polyphenols found in berries. strawberry tree (arbutus unedo) berries are used in folk medicine but seldom eaten as fresh fruits. their phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity reveal a high potential, but they are not well characterized as a "health promo ...201022254017
hplc analysis of polyphenols in the fruits of rubus idaeus l. (rosaceae).the separation of anthocyanins present in the fruits of 11 varieties of red raspberries (rubus idaeus l.) was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) with a diode-array detector and evaporative light scattering detection (elsd). the elsd parameters--drift tube temperature, nebulising gas flow rate and gain value--were optimised to get the best detection and identification of the anthocyanins. the varieties heritage and willamette had the simplest anthocyanin sets consisting of ...201021104526
(+)-methyl jasmonate-induced bioformation of myricetin, quercetin and kaempferol in red raspberries.the effect of postharvest treatment with enantiomers of methyl jasmonate (mj) in conjunction with ethanol on bioformation of myricetin, quercetin and kaempferol in red raspberry was studied. for comparison, postharvest treatment with the commercial stereoisomeric mixture of mj in conjunction with ethanol was simultaneously accomplished. the levels obtained were contrasted with those determined in untreated (control) samples. exogenous (+)-mj induced an enhancement in the levels of myricetin, que ...201021043497
influence of postflowering temperature on fruit size and chemical composition of glen ample raspberry (rubus idaeus l.).the effects of postflowering temperature on the fruit chemical composition of glen ample raspberries were studied under controlled environment conditions. the berry weight decreased significantly with increasing temperature (12, 18, and 24 °c) and with progress of the harvest period. because the moisture content increased in parallel with the berry weight, the antioxidant capacity (aoc) and the concentration of a range of bioactive compounds decreased with decreasing temperature and progress of ...201023654237
genetic and environmental effects influencing fruit colour and qtl analysis in raspberry.raspberry (rubus idaeus) fruit colour was assessed in the latham x glen moy mapping population using a colour meter and visual scores over three seasons and three environments. the colour measurements were found to be significantly associated with pigment content, have high heritability, and stable qtl were identified across environments and seasons. anthocyanin content has previously been shown to be the major contributor to fruit colour in red raspberry. major structural genes (f3'h, fls, dfr, ...201020419285
distribution of volatile composition in 'marion' ( rubus species hyb) blackberry pedigree.the distribution of volatile constituents in ancestral genotypes of 'marion' blackberry's pedigree was investigated over two growing seasons. each genotype in the pedigree had a specific volatile composition. red raspberry was dominated by norisoprenoids, lactones, and acids. 'logan' and 'olallie' also had a norisoprenoid dominance but at much lower concentrations. the concentration of norisoprenoids in other blackberry genotypes was significantly lower. terpenes and furanones were predominant i ...201020055446
raspberry leaf--should it be recommended to pregnant women?this review evaluates the safety and efficacy of raspberry leaf (rubus idaeus) in pregnancy. the electronic databases pubmed, isi web of science, amed, embase, natural medicines comprehensive database and cochrane library were searched. altogether 12 original publications with focus on safety or efficacy during pregnancy, pharmacology and in vitro tests explaining mode of action or constituents in rubus idaeus were reviewed. limited documentation exists and part of it is 50 years old or older. o ...200919880082
[determination of anti-oxidative activity of different fractions of xinjiang red raspberry fruits extract].to determination total phenolics content of raspberry different polar solvent extracts was measured by folin-ciocalteu method.200919877525
(s)-2-acetoxy-5-undecanone, female sex pheromone of the raspberry cane midge, resseliella theobaldi (barnes).the raspberry cane midge, resseliella theobaldi, is a widespread pest of cultivated red raspberry in europe. pheromone-baited traps could provide a much-needed, accurate means to monitor the pest. volatiles collected separately from virgin female and male midges were analyzed by gas chromatography (gc) coupled to mass spectrometry (ms) to reveal four female-specific components. in analyses by gc coupled to electroantennographic (eag) recording from the antennae of a male midge, at least three of ...200919169750
mapping qtls for developmental traits in raspberry from bud break to ripe fruit.protected cropping systems have been adopted by the uk industry to improve fruit quality and extend the current season. further manipulation of season, alongside consideration of climate change scenarios, requires an understanding of the processes controlling fruit ripening. ripening stages were scored from may to july across different years and environments from a raspberry mapping population. here the interest was in identifying qtls for the overall ripening process as well as for the time to ...200919183857
investigation of volatile compounds in two raspberry cultivars by two headspace techniques: solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (spme/gc-ms) and proton-transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (ptr-ms).the volatile compounds emitted by two raspberry varieties ( rubus idaeus , cv. polka and tulameen) were analyzed, in both the case of fresh fruits and juices, by two headspace methods that are rapid, solvent-free, and with reduced or no sample pretreatment: solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (spme/gc-ms) and proton-transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (ptr-ms). multivariate analysis of the spme/gc-ms results allows for an unambiguous sample discrimination for both ma ...200919348421
evaluation of colour parameters and antioxidant activities of fruit wines.the evaluation of oenological colorimetric indexes, cielab parameters, total phenols and antioxidant activities has been studied in different fruit wines made from black mulberry, blackberry, quince, apple, apricot, melon, red raspberry, bilberry, sour cherry and strawberry. the highest value of antioxidant activities and total phenolic contents were determined in bilberry, blackberry and black mulberry wines (61.80%, 1161 mg/l gallic acid equivalents; 60.00%, 1232 mg/l gallic acid equivalents; ...200916849114
the use of collagenase to improve the detection of plant viruses in vector nematodes by rt-pcr.tomato ringspot virus (torsv), tobacco ringspot virus (trsv) and tobacco rattle virus (trv) are transmitted to healthy plants by viruliferous nematodes in the soil. a method was developed for extraction of genomic viral rna from virus particles carried within nematodes and a sensitive nested rt-pcr detection assay. the procedure has been adapted to microscale for handling multiple samples. this assay is effective for detection of torsv or trsv in xiphinema americanum or trv in paratrichodorus al ...200918992280
[abundance of larvae and nymphs of the taiga tick ixodes persuicatus (acari: ixodidae) on small mammals in the cut-over lands of the middle taiga subzone of karelia].data of long-term investigations (1998-2004) on the abundance of the taiga tick larvae and nymphs in the cut-over lands of different age in the middle taiga subzone of karelia (62 degrees 04's; 33 degrees 55'w) are presented. the investigation was carried out on three model cut-over lands of different age: 1) "young" cut-over land; age of cut-over in the beginning of investigation is 7 years; betula-deschampsia cespitosa-agrostis tenuis; 2) "middle" cut-over land; age of cut-over is 12 years; sa ...200919807045
characterization of red raspberry (rubus idaeus l.) genotypes for their physicochemical properties.the worldwide tendency for growing more small fruits, including raspberries, shows permanent increase because this group of fruits has a relatively higher content of bioactive nutrients. to study the health benefits of red raspberry fruits, 11 preselected wild-grown and 1 well-known cultivar, heritage, were evaluated for some of their physicochemical properties such as fruit weight, total antioxidant capacity (measured by beta-carotene bleaching and frap assays), total phenolics, ascorbic acid, ...200919895463
[evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from siberian plants].experimental investigations have shown that water-alcohol extracts from plants containing alkaloids (aconitum baikalense, aconitum septentrionale, delphinium elatum l., conium maculatum) and salicylic acid (filipendula ulmaria, salix viminalis, fragaria vesca, rubus idaeus) inhibited the development of main symptoms of inflammation, viz. exudation, pain, fever, to the same extent as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. the substances studied in this work may be used to develop new efficient p ...200920017405
[technology of production and biological activity of toothpaste from rubus idaeus].composition and the technology of manufacturing of toothpaste from extract of blackberry with anti-inflammatory activity have been developed. toothpaste contains the following ingredients (g): blackberry extract - 3.0 5.0 7.0 aluminum hydroxide - 30,0 glycerin - 10,0 sodim carboxymethylcellulose - 1,5 sodium laurilsulfate - 2,0 calcium glycerophosphate - 1,5 sodium monofluorophosphate - 1.0 titanium dioxide - 1,0 perfume - 1,0 sorbit - 1,0 purified water to 100 ml. toothpaste containing 3%, 5% a ...200919801745
medicinal plants used in british columbia, canada for reproductive health in pets.in 2003, semi-structured interviews were conducted in british columbia, canada with participants obtained using a purposive sample on the ethnoveterinary remedies used for animals. twenty-nine participants provided the information in this paper on the ethnoveterinary remedies used for reproductive health in dogs and cats. the plants used for pregnancy support and milk production in pets were raspberry-leaf (rubus idaeus), motherwort (leonurus cardiaca), flaxseed (linum usitatissimum) and ginger ...200919482367
antioxidant properties of raspberry seed extracts on micronucleus distribution in peripheral blood lymphocytes.this study addresses in vitro effects of raspberry (rubus idaeus) seed extracts (rse) on the frequency of micronuclei. we evaluated the effects of three different extracts (50%, 80%, and 100% methanol) in doses of 1.4, 4.2, and 8.4 microg/ml, per 5 ml culture using cytochalasin-b micronucleus (cbmn) assay in peripheral human lymphocytes. the frequency of mn was scored in binucleated (bn) cells. the nuclear proliferation index was also calculated. the distribution of polyphenolic compounds in rse ...200919748543
improved recovery of cryotherapy-treated shoot tips following thermotherapy of in vitro-grown stock shoots of raspberry (rubus idaeus l.).raspberry bushy dwarf virus (rbdv) can be efficiently eradicated from raspberry plants (rubus idaeus) by a procedure combining thermotherapy and cryotherapy. however, the bottleneck of this procedure is that, following thermotherapy, cryopreserved shoot tips become chlorotic during regrowth and eventually die after several subcultures. in addition, survival of heat-treated stock shoots and recovery of cryopreserved shoot tips following thermotherapy are low. the present study focused towards imp ...200919750241
environmental and seasonal influences on red raspberry anthocyanin antioxidant contents and identification of quantitative traits loci (qtl).consumption of raspberries promotes human health through intake of pharmaceutically active antioxidants, including cyanidin and pelargonidin anthocyanins; products of flavonoid metabolism and also pigments conferring colour to fruit. raspberry anthocyanin contents could be enhanced for nutritional health and quality benefits utilising dna polymorphisms in modern marker assisted breeding. the objective was to elucidate factors determining anthocyanin production in these fruits. hplc quantified ei ...200919156716
dietary berries and ellagic acid prevent oxidative dna damage and modulate expression of dna repair genes.dna damage is a pre-requisite for the initiation of cancer and agents that reduce this damage are useful in cancer prevention. in this study, we evaluated the ability of whole berries and berry phytochemical, ellagic acid to reduce endogenous oxidative dna damage. ellagic acid was selected based on >95% inhibition of 8-oxodeoxyguosine (8-oxodg) and other unidentified oxidative dna adducts induced by 4-hydroxy-17ss-estradiol and cucl(2) in vitro. inhibition of the latter occurred at lower concent ...200819325752
prevention of oxidative dna damage by bioactive berry components.the hormone 17ss-estradiol (e(2)) causes oxidative dna damage via redox cycling of its metabolites such as 4-hydroxy estradiol (4e(2)). in this study, aci rats (8 wk old) were fed either ain-93m diet or diets supplemented with 0.5% each of mixed berries (strawberry, blueberry, blackberry, and red and black raspberry), blueberry alone (bb; 2.5%), or ellagic acid (ea; 400 ppm) from 2 wk prior to and up to 12 wk of e(2) treatment. the liver dna was analyzed for the presence of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguan ...200819003579
plant phenolics affect oxidation of tryptophan.the effect of berry phenolics such as anthocyanins, ellagitannins, and proanthocyanidins from raspberry (rubus idaeus), black currant (ribes nigrum), and cranberry (vaccinium oxycoccus) and byproducts of deoiling processes rich in phenolics such as rapeseed (brassica rapa l.), camelina (camelina sativa), and soy (glycine max l.) as well as scots pine bark (pinus sylvestris) was investigated in an h2o2-oxidized tryptophan (trp) solution. the oxidation of trp was analyzed with high-performance liq ...200818646765
comparison of sugar, acids, and volatile composition in raspberry bushy dwarf virus-resistant transgenic raspberries and the wild type 'meeker' (rubus idaeus l.).raspberry bushy dwarf virus (rbdv) causes a significant reduction in yield and quality in raspberry and raspberry-blackberry hybrid. genetic modifications were made to 'meeker' red raspberries to impart rbdv resistance. the rbdv-resistant transgenic and wild type 'meeker' plants were grown in oregon and washington, and the fruits were harvested in the 2004 and 2005 growing seasons. year-to-year and site-to-site variations were observed for the degrees brix and titratable acidity, with oregon ras ...200818598047
combined thermotherapy and cryotherapy for efficient virus eradication: relation of virus distribution, subcellular changes, cell survival and viral rna degradation in shoot tips.accumulation of viruses in vegetatively propagated plants causes heavy yield losses. therefore, supply of virus-free planting materials is pivotal to sustainable crop production. in previous studies, raspberry bushy dwarf virus (rbdv) was difficult to eradicate from raspberry (rubus idaeus) using the conventional means of meristem tip culture. as shown in the present study, it was probably because this pollen-transmitted virus efficiently invades leaf primordia and all meristematic tissues excep ...200818705855
effect of topical application of raspberry ketone on dermal production of insulin-like growth factor-i in mice and on hair growth and skin elasticity in humans.sensory neurons release calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) on activation. we recently reported that topical application of capsaicin increases facial skin elasticity and promotes hair growth by increasing dermal insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) production through activation of sensory neurons in mice and humans. raspberry ketone (rk), a major aromatic compound contained in red raspberries (rubus idaeus), has a structure similar to that of capsaicin. thus, it is possible that rk activates ...200818321745
berry fruits: compositional elements, biochemical activities, and the impact of their intake on human health, performance, and disease.an overwhelming body of research has now firmly established that the dietary intake of berry fruits has a positive and profound impact on human health, performance, and disease. berry fruits, which are commercially cultivated and commonly consumed in fresh and processed forms in north america, include blackberry ( rubus spp.), black raspberry ( rubus occidentalis), blueberry ( vaccinium corymbosum), cranberry (i.e., the american cranberry, vaccinium macrocarpon, distinct from the european cranbe ...200818211023
molecular and biochemical characterization of benzalacetone synthase and chalcone synthase genes and their proteins from raspberry (rubus idaeus l.).two new members of the polyketide synthase (pks) gene family (ripks4 and ripks5) were cloned from raspberry fruits (rubus idaeus l., cv royalty) and expressed in escherichia coli. characterization of the recombinant enzyme products indicated that ripks4 is a bifunctional polyketide synthase producing both 4-hydroxybenzalacetone and naringenin chalcone. the recombinant ripks4 protein, like the native protein from raspberry fruits [w. borejsza-wysocki, g. hrazdina, plant physiol. 1996;110: 791-799 ...200818068110
a dietary supplement for female sexual dysfunction, avlimil, stimulates the growth of estrogen-dependent breast tumors (mcf-7) implanted in ovariectomized athymic nude mice.avlimil, a dietary supplement advertised to ameliorate female sexual dysfunction, is a mixture of eleven herbal components, and some herbal constituents of avlimil (including black cohosh, licorice, red raspberry, red clover and kudzu) contain phenolic compounds, which are suggested to have estrogenic, anti-estrogenic, or androgenic potential for relieving menopausal symptoms. we hypothesize that avlimil could modulate the growth of estrogen receptor positive human breast cancer (mcf-7) cells in ...200817919800
influence of the addition of raspberry seed extract on changes in the volatile pattern of stored model breakfast cereal.laboratory-prepared muesli-type breakfast cereal (mixture of oat flakes, wheat flakes, corn flakes, hazelnuts, raisins, sunflower seeds, and flax seeds) was subjected to accelerated storage test at 60 degrees c with or without the addition of red raspberry seed extract. the oxidative changes in muesli resulting in the formation of secondary oxidation products were evaluated using solid phase microextraction (hs-spme) and solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (safe) to isolate volatiles and gc-ms a ...200818407655
[acceleration of osmotic dehydration process through ohmic heating of foods: raspberries (rubus idaeus)].raspberries (rubus idaeus) were osmotically dehydrated by applying a conventional method under the supposition of a homogeneous solution, all in a 62% glucose solution at 50 degrees c. raspberries (rubus idaeus) were also osmotically dehydrated by using ohmic heating in a 57% glucose solution at a variable voltage (to maintain temperature between 40 and 50 degrees c) and an electric field intensity <100 v/cm. when comparing the results from both experiments it was evident that processing time is ...200717992985
biosynthesis of monoterpenes and norisoprenoids in raspberry fruits (rubus idaeus l.): the role of cytosolic mevalonate and plastidial methylerythritol phosphate pathway.the biosynthesis of the monoterpenes (-)-alpha-pinene, linalool, and the norisoprenoids alpha- and beta-ionone in raspberry fruits (rubus idaeus l.) was investigated by in vivo feeding experiments with [5,5-(2)h2]-mevalonic acid lactone and [5,5-(2)h2]-1-deoxy-d-xylulose. the volatile compounds were extracted by stirbar sorptive extraction and analyzed using thermal desorption-multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (td-enantio-mdgc-ms). the feeding experiments demonstrate that (-) ...200717907775
inheritance of phytophthora root rot resistance in red raspberry determined by generation means and molecular linkage analysis.classical and molecular methodologies were used to determine the inheritance of phytophthora root rot (prr) resistance in red raspberry. the varieties 'latham' and 'titan,' resistant and susceptible, respectively, were used to create f(1), f(2), b(1), b(2), and s(1) populations for analysis. generational means analysis was used to calculate the components of genetic variation and estimates of narrow and broad sense heritability for the plant disease index and the incidence of petiole lesions. th ...200717592602
optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of anthocyanins in red raspberries and identification of anthocyanins in extract using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.anthocyanins (acys) are naturally occurring compounds that impart color to fruit, vegetables and plants. the extraction of acys from red raspberry (rubus idaeus l. var. heritage) by ultrasound-assisted process (uap) was studied. a central composite rotate design (ccrd) was used to obtain the optimal conditions of ultrasound-assisted extraction (uae), and the effects of operating conditions, such as the ratio of solvents to materials, ultrasonic power and extraction time, on the extraction yield ...200717321780
co-ordinated gene expression during phases of dormancy release in raspberry (rubus idaeus l.) buds.bud break in raspberry (rubus idaeus l.) is often poor and uneven, with many of the subapical buds remaining in a dormant state. in order to determine the dormancy status of raspberry buds, an empirical measure of bud burst in a growth-permissive environment following exposure to chilling (4 degrees c cold storage) was developed. for cv. glen ample, percentage bud burst in intact canes and isolated nodes was recorded after 14 d. isolated nodes (a measure of endodormancy) achieved 100% bud burst ...200717244630
temporal sequence of cell wall disassembly events in developing fruits. 1. analysis of raspberry (rubus idaeus).raspberry fruits were harvested at five developmental stages, from green to red ripe, and the changes in cell wall composition, pectin and hemicellulose solubilization, and depolymerization were analyzed. fruit softening at intermediate stages of ripening was associated with increased pectin solubilization, which occurred without depolymerization. arabinose was found to be the most abundant noncellulosic neutral sugar in the cell wall and showed dramatic solubilization late in ripening. no chang ...200717428067
mapping of a1 conferring resistance to the aphid amphorophora idaei and dw (dwarfing habit) in red raspberry (rubus idaeus l.) using aflp and microsatellite markers.raspberry breeding programmes worldwide aim to produce improved cultivars to satisfy market demands and within these programmes there are many targets, including increased fruit quality, yield and season, and improved pest and disease resistance and plant habit. the large raspberry aphid, amphorophora idaei, transmits four viruses and vector resistance is an objective in raspberry breeding. the development of molecular tools that discriminate between aphid resistance genes from different sources ...200717374159
radical scavenging activity and composition of raspberry (rubus idaeus) leaves from different locations in lithuania.raspberry (rubus idaeus) leaves, collected in different locations of lithuania were extracted with ethanol and the extracts were tested for their antioxidant activity (aa) by using abts(.)(+) decolourisation and dpph(.) scavenging methods. all extracts were active, with radical scavenging capacity at the used concentrations from 20.5 to 82.5% in dpph(.) reaction system and from 8.0 to 42.7% in abts(.)(+) reaction. the total amount of phenolic compounds in the leaves varied from 4.8 to 12.0 mg of ...200717215088
wild vascular plants gathered for consumption in the polish countryside: a review.this paper is an ethnobotanical review of wild edible plants gathered for consumption from the end of the 18th century to the present day, within the present borders of poland.200717433114
acarological diagnostic research at the diagnostic centre for plants during the period 2004-2006.during the period 2004-2006, 1691 samples of different origin were examined at the diagnostic centre for plants. we received 1046 samples of imported plant material for detection and identification of quarantine organisms. more than 200 samples were checked on mites and insects to get a phytosanitary certificate for export and 391 samples were investigated for diagnostic reason. the berlese-funnel and dissecting microscopy technique were used to separate mites from the samples. for identificatio ...200718399474
[antibacterial activity of polyphenolic compounds isolated from plants of geraniaceae and rosaceae families].polyphenolic compounds present in extracts of plants belonging to the families geraniaceae (blood-red cranesbill, wood cranesbill, meadow cranesbill, and alfilaria) and rosaceae (red raspberry, european dewberry, and tormentil) have been tested for their activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria of the genera azotobacter, bacillus, and pseudomonas. the bacteriostatic activity exhibited some species-related features and depended on the polarity of the extracting agent. the bacteri ...200718173115
gene flow analysis demonstrates that phytophthora fragariae var. rubi constitutes a distinct species, phytophthora rubi comb. nov.isozyme analysis and cytochrome oxidase sequences were used to examine whether differentiation of p. fragariae var. fragariae and p. fragariae var. rubi at the variety level is justified. in isozyme studies six strains of both p. fragariae varieties were analyzed with malate dehydrogenase (mdh), glucose phosphate isomerase (gpi), aconitase (aco), isocitrate dehydrogenase (idh) and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (pgd), comprising altogether seven putative loci. five unique alleles (mdh-1(a), mdh- ...200717682774
identification and characterization of raspberry mottle virus, a novel member of the closteroviridae.raspberry mosaic is one of the most important viral diseases of raspberry. four virus and virus-like agents, two of which are poorly characterized, have been implicated in the disease complex based on symptom development in rubus indicators. three novel viruses were identified in a red raspberry plant that caused typical raspberry mosaic symptoms when grafted onto indicators. this communication focuses on one of these viruses, raspberry mottle virus (rmov), a new member of the family closterovir ...200717448559
chemical compositions, antioxidant capacities, and antiproliferative activities of selected fruit seed flours.seed flours from black raspberry, red raspberry, blueberry, cranberry, pinot noir grape, and chardonnay grape were examined for their total fat content, fatty acid composition, total phenolic content (tpc), total anthocyanin content (tac), radical scavenging capacities against the peroxyl (orac) and stable dpph radicals, chelating capacity against fe(2+), and antiproliferative activities using the ht-29 colon cancer cell line. significant levels of fat were detected in the fruit seed flours and ...200616719495
transgenic peas (pisum sativum) expressing polygalacturonase inhibiting protein from raspberry (rubus idaeus) and stilbene synthase from grape (vitis vinifera).the pea (pisum sativum l.) varieties baroness (united kingdome) and baccara (france) were transformed via agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer with pgptv binary vectors containing the bar gene in combination with two different antifungal genes coding for polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (pgip) from raspberry (rubus idaeus l.) driven by a double 35s promoter, or the stilbene synthase (vst1) from grape (vitis vinifera l.) driven by its own elicitor-inducible promoter. transgenic li ...200616802117
blackberry, black raspberry, blueberry, cranberry, red raspberry, and strawberry extracts inhibit growth and stimulate apoptosis of human cancer cells in vitro.berry fruits are widely consumed in our diet and have attracted much attention due to their potential human health benefits. berries contain a diverse range of phytochemicals with biological properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-neurodegerative, and anti-inflammatory activities. in the current study, extracts of six popularly consumed berries--blackberry, black raspberry, blueberry, cranberry, red raspberry and strawberry--were evaluated for their phenolic constituents using high perf ...200617147415
in-vitro mutagenic potential and effect on permeability of co-administered drugs across caco-2 cell monolayers of rubus idaeus and its fortified fractions.this study investigated the mutagenic, anti-mutagenic and cytotoxic effects of acetone extract of raspberry, rubus idaeus l. (v. ottawa) rosaceae, and the isolated and characterized ellagitannin and anthocyanin fractions thereof, suitable for food applications. the studied raspberry extract and fractions did not show any mutagenic effects determined in the miniaturized ames test and were not cytotoxic to caco-2 cells at the used concentrations. however, the anti-mutagenic properties were changed ...200617132218
interrelationship between the raspberry cane midge, resseliella theobaldi (diptera: cecidomyiidae) and its parasitoid, aprostocetus epicharmus (hymenoptera: eulophidae).the raspberry cane midge resseliella theobaldi (barnes) is one of the most important pests of cultivated red raspberry rubus idaeus l. throughout europe. for the last 50 years several studies have been made on the biology, life cycle and control of the pest. some data can also be found on its natural enemies, but among these species only the chalcidoid tetrastichus inunctus nees turned out to be important in controlling raspberry cane midge populations. however, this species name is now ambiguou ...200616923204
identification and dietary relevance of antioxidants from raspberry.in this paper we review the current literature on antioxidants from fruit of red raspberry (rubus idaeus) and place these in context concerning what is known from other food species. the review concentrates on the methods of antioxidant testing, the diversity of antioxidants in raspberry, effects of ripeness, cultivar, storage and processing techniques, and the bioavailability of raspberry antioxidants in humans after eating the fruit. it is clear that raspberry, like several other fruits and ve ...200516498206
fatty acid composition and antioxidant properties of cold-pressed marionberry, boysenberry, red raspberry, and blueberry seed oils.cold-pressed marionberry, boysenberry, red raspberry, and blueberry seed oils were evaluated for their fatty acid composition, carotenoid content, tocopherol profile, total phenolic content (tpc), oxidative stability index (osi), peroxide value, and antioxidant properties. all tested seed oils contained significant levels of alpha-linolenic acid ranging from 19.6 to 32.4 g per 100 g of oil, along with a low ratio of n-6/n-3 fatty acids (1.64-3.99). the total carotenoid content ranged from 12.5 t ...200515686403
antioxidants in raspberry: on-line analysis links antioxidant activity to a diversity of individual metabolites.the presence of antioxidant compounds can be considered as a quality parameter for edible fruit. in this paper, we studied the antioxidant compounds in raspberry (rubus idaeus) fruits by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) coupled to an on-line postcolumn antioxidant detection system. both developmental and genetic factors were assessed by comparing fruits from a single cultivar of different ripening stages and by comparing ripe fruits of 14 raspberry cultivars, respectively. the hplc- ...200515853365
cryopreservation of in vitro-grown shoot tips of raspberry (rubus idaeus l.) by encapsulation-vitrification and encapsulation-dehydration.the first efficient cryopreservation procedure for in vitro-grown shoot tips of raspberry (rubus idaeus l.) has been developed based on encapsulation-vitrification (envi) and encapsulation-dehydration (ende). envi resulted in higher survival (85%) and regrowth (75%) of cryopreserved shoot tips than ende (65 and 50%, respectively). in both cryogenic procedures, shoots regenerated from cryopreserved shoot tips without intermediary callus formation. histological studies showed that a much larger nu ...200515834570
characterization of a cdna encoding metallothionein 3 from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).a cdna encoding metallothionein (mt) was isolated from a library constructed with poly a(+) rna purified from 48 h etiolated cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cotyledons. this cdna encodes a deduced protein with 63 residues and a molecular weight of 6.3 kda. the protein has 10 cysteines of which 4 are within the cxxcxcxxxxxc amino-terminus motif and six are within the cxcxxxcxcxxcxc carboxyl-terminus motif characteristic of the type iii mt (mt3). the cotton mt3 protein sequence is 76.2, 69.8, 66.7, ...200516147860
anti-obese action of raspberry ketone.raspberry ketone (4-(4-hydroxyphenyl) butan-2-one; rk) is a major aromatic compound of red raspberry (rubus idaeus). the structure of rk is similar to the structures of capsaicin and synephrine, compounds known to exert anti-obese actions and alter the lipid metabolism. the present study was performed to clarify whether rk helps prevent obesity and activate lipid metabolism in rodents. to test the effect on obesity, our group designed the following in vivo experiments: 1) mice were fed a high-fa ...200515862604
isolation of high molecular weight dna suitable for bac library construction from woody perennial soft-fruit species.we have developed a novel nuclei extraction method that allows for the extraction of high molecular weight dna from leaves of woody perennial soft-fruit species that contain high levels of carbohydrates and polyphenolics. the method utilizes a modified buffer system including 4% (w/v) polyvinylpyrrolidone (pvp)-10 and a combination of nylon filters and percoll gradients to purify nuclei extracts prior to embedding in agarose plugs. the effectiveness of the method was demonstrated on leaves of re ...200515679088
inhibition of protein and lipid oxidation in liposomes by berry phenolics.the antioxidant activity of berry phenolics (at concentrations of 1.4, 4.2, and 8.4 mug of purified extracts/ml of liposome sample) such as anthocyanins, ellagitannins, and proanthocyanidins from raspberry (rubus idaeus), bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus), lingonberry (vaccinium vitis-idaea), and black currant (ribes nigrum) was investigated in a lactalbumin-liposome system. the extent of protein oxidation was measured by determining the loss of tryptophan fluorescence and formation of protein carb ...200415563229
avoidance of nonhost plants by a bark beetle, pityogenes bidentatus, in a forest of odors.the bark beetle, pityogenes bidentatus (coleoptera: scolytidae), searches in mixed conifer and deciduous forests of northern europe for suitable branches of its host, scots pine ( pinus sylvestris). we tested whether odors from several diverse nonhost trees and plants common in the habitat (e.g., mountain ash, sorbus aucuparia; oak, quercus robur; alder buckthorn, frangula alnus; blueberry, vaccinium myrtillus; raspberry, rubus idaeus; and grass, deschampsia flexuosa) would reduce the attraction ...200415146267
strawberry necrotic shock virus is a distinct virus and not a strain of tobacco streak virus.fragaria (strawberry) and rubus species (blackberry, wild blackberry, red raspberry and black raspberry) were thought to be infected with distinct isolates of tobacco streak virus (tsv). employing serology and nucleic acid hybridization it has been shown that these isolates form a cluster distinct from other strains of tsv. in this study we have cloned and sequenced the complete rna 3 of an isolate of tsv from strawberry (fragaria) as well as the coat protein (cp) gene of 14 additional isolates ...200415669110
the defh9-iaam auxin-synthesizing gene increases plant fecundity and fruit production in strawberry and raspberry.the defh9-iaam gene fusion which is expressed specifically in placenta/ovules and promotes auxin-synthesis confers parthenocarpic fruit development to eggplant, tomato and tobacco. transgenic defh9-iaam eggplants and tomatoes show increased fruit production due mainly to an improved fruit set. however, the weight of the fruits is also frequently increased.200415113427
chemical composition of caneberry (rubus spp.) seeds and oils and their antioxidant potential.caneberries (rubus spp. l.) are grown primarily throughout the pacific northwestern united states and canada. processing of caneberry fruit typically removes the seed, and the development of a value-added use of seeds could expand the market for caneberries and the profit margins for growers. an initial step toward the use of the seeds is a characterization of seed and oil. our investigation has described compositional characteristics for seeds of five commonly grown caneberry species: red raspb ...200415612785
identification and quantification of phenolic compounds in berries of fragaria and rubus species (family rosaceae).high-performance liquid chromatography combined with diode array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection was used to study soluble and insoluble forms of phenolic compounds in strawberries, raspberries (red and yellow cultivated and red wild), arctic bramble, and cloudberries. hydroxycinnamic acids were present as free forms in cloudberries and mainly as sugar esters in the other berries. quercetin 3-glucuronide was the typical flavonol glycoside in all of the berries studied. t ...200415453684
the construction of a genetic linkage map of red raspberry (rubus idaeus subsp. idaeus) based on aflps, genomic-ssr and est-ssr markers.breeding in raspberry is time-consuming due to the highly heterozygous nature of this perennial fruit crop, coupled with relatively long periods of juvenility. the speed and precision of raspberry breeding can be improved by genetic linkage maps, thus facilitating the development of diagnostic markers for polygenic traits and the identification of genes controlling complex phenotypes. a genetic linkage map (789 cm) of the red raspberry rubus idaeus has been constructed from a cross between two p ...200415127204
aroma extract dilution analysis of cv. meeker (rubus idaeus l.) red raspberries from oregon and washington.the aromas of cultivar meeker red raspberry from oregon and washington were analyzed by aroma extract dilution analysis. seventy-five aromas were identified [some tentatively (superscript t)] by mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-retention index; 53 were common to both, and 22 have not been previously reported in red raspberry. twenty-one compounds had an equivalent odor impact in both: 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3-(2h)-furanone, hexanal, 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one, (e ...200415291490
analysis of ellagitannins and conjugates of ellagic acid and quercetin in raspberry fruits by lc-msn.the use of gradient reversed phase hplc with diode array and ms(n) detection for the analysis of ellagitannins, ellagic acid conjugates and quercetin conjugates in raspberries (rubus idaeus l.) is described. ms(n) is a particularly powerful tool for the analysis of trace levels of natural products in impure extracts as interpretation of fragmentation patterns, coupled in some instances with knowledge of hplc retention properties, can facilitate the partial identification of components when refer ...200312943785
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