| present and future therapeutic strategies for melioidosis and glanders. | burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia mallei are the causative agents of melioidosis and glanders, respectively. both gram-negative pathogens are endemic in many parts of the world. although natural acquisition of these pathogens is rare in the majority of countries, these bacteria have recently gained much interest because of their potential as bioterrorism agents. in modern times, their potential destructive impact on public health has escalated owing to the ability of these pathogens to ... | 2010 | 20192686 |
| cdpa is a burkholderia pseudomallei cyclic di-gmp phosphodiesterase involved in autoaggregation, flagellum synthesis, motility, biofilm formation, cell invasion, and cytotoxicity. | cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-gmp) is an intracellular signaling molecule involved in regulation of cellular functions such as motility, biofilm formation and virulence. intracellular level of c-di-gmp is controlled through opposing diguanylate cyclase (dgc) and phosphodiesterase (pde) activities of ggdef and eal domain proteins, respectively. we report the identification and characterization of cdpa, a gene encoding a protein containing an eal domain in the gram-negative soil bacillus and human ... | 2010 | 20194589 |
| [in vitro antibiotic susceptibility compliance with efficacy of chemotherapy in infections due to pathogenic burkholderias]. | among the known species of burkholderia only two are obligate pathogens, i.e., b. mallei and b. pseudomallei, causative agents of glanders and melioidosis respectively. the other species are saprophytes as natural inhabitants of water reservoirs and soil, still capable of causing opportunistic infections in humans and animals under definite conditions. all the species of burkholderia are characterized by high resistance to antibacterials, including antibiotics. by the mics, the most efficient ch ... | 2009 | 20201399 |
| case-crossover study of burkholderia cepacia complex bloodstream infection associated with contaminated intravenous bromopride. | to investigate an outbreak of healthcare-associated burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) primary bloodstream infections (bcc-bsi). | 2010 | 20205589 |
| the burkholderia cenocepacia k56-2 pleiotropic regulator pbr, is required for stress resistance and virulence. | burkholderia cenocepacia is one of the most virulent species of the burkholderia cepacia complex, a group of bacteria that emerged as important pathogens, especially to cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. in this study, we report the identification and characterization of a mutant strain derived form the cf isolate burkholderia cenocepacia k56-2, carrying a plasposon insertion in a gene, located in a 3516 bp chromosomal region with an atypical g+c content, encoding a 80 amino acid putative regulatory ... | 2010 | 20206249 |
| degradation of parabens by pseudomonas beteli and burkholderia latens. | p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters (parabens) are commonly used antimicrobial preservatives in pharmaceutical formulations. two microorganisms, isolated from non-sterile methyl paraben (mp) and propyl paraben (pp) solutions, were found to degrade the respective parabens. identification by 16s rrna partial gene sequencing revealed them to be pseudomonas beteli and burkholderia latens, respectively. the present work describes a previously unreported interaction of the parabens with p. beteli and b. late ... | 2010 | 20206257 |
| comparison of 16s rrna gene phylogeny and functional tfda gene distribution in thirty-one different 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid degraders. | 31 different bacterial strains isolated using the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) as the sole source of carbon, were investigated for their ability to mineralize 2,4-d and the related herbicide 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (mcpa). most of the strains mineralize 2,4-d considerably faster than mcpa. three novel primer sets were developed enabling amplification of full-length coding sequences (cds) of the three known tfda gene classes known to be involved in phenoxy acid deg ... | 2010 | 20206455 |
| burkholderia oxyphila sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from acidic forest soil that catabolizes (+)-catechin and its putative aromatic derivatives. | a novel bacterium, designated strain ox-01(t), was isolated from acidic soil, taxonomically investigated and identified as an agent that catabolizes (+)-catechin into taxifolin. strain ox-01(t) is a gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, non-sporulating, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterium. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis identified this strain as a member of the genus burkholderia and occupying a phylogenetic position closest to, but clearly distinct from, burkholderia sacchari. strain ox-01(t) does ... | 2011 | 20207808 |
| cloning, expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies of bcec, a udp-glucose dehydrogenase from burkholderia cepacia ist408. | bacteria of the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) have emerged as important opportunistic pathogens, establishing lung infections in immunocompromised or cystic fibrosis patients. bcc uses polysaccharide-biofilm production in order to evade the host immune response. the biofilm precursor udp-glucuronic acid is produced by a twofold nad(+)-dependent oxidation of udp-glucose. in b. cepacia ist408 this enzymatic reaction is performed by the udp-glucose dehydrogenase bcec, a 470-residue enzyme, the ... | 2010 | 20208157 |
| [microbial population of lower respiratory tract in children from different age groups with cystic fibrosis]. | to study microflora of lower respiratory tract of children from different age groups with cystic fibrosis during follow-up for determination of its variability and possible sources of infectious complications. | 2010 | 20218338 |
| melioidosis and the vacuum-assisted closure device: a rare cause of a discharging neck wound, and a new approach to management. | we report a case of melioidosis presenting as a discharging neck abscess, and we describe the use of a vacuum-assisted closure device in its management. | 2010 | 20219147 |
| role of a burkholderia pseudomallei polyphosphate kinase in an oxidative stress response, motilities, and biofilm formation. | burkholderia pseudomallei, a motile and rod gram-negative bacterium, is the causative agent of melioidosis. the bacterium is an intracellular pathogen and that motility is generally crucial for their survival in a natural environment and for systemic infection inside a host. we report here a role of b. pseudomallei polyphosphate kinase in virulence, such as an oxidative stress response, motilities and biofilm formation. the polyphosphate kinase (ppk) mutant is susceptible to hydrogen peroxide in ... | 2010 | 20221731 |
| evaluating the performance of oligonucleotide microarrays for bacterial strains with increasing genetic divergence from the reference strain. | dna oligonucleotide microarrays (oligoarrays) are being developed continuously; however, several issues regarding the applicability of these arrays for whole-genome dna-dna strain comparisons (genomotyping) have not been investigated. for example, the extent of false negatives (i.e., no hybridization signal is observed when the amino acid sequence is conserved but the nucleotide sequence has diverged to a level that does not allow hybridization) remains speculative. to provide quantitative answe ... | 2010 | 20228107 |
| phylogenetic relationships and diversity of β-rhizobia associated with mimosa species grown in sishuangbanna, china. | in order to investigate the genetic diversity of rhizobia associated with various exotic and invasive species in tropical mainland china, 116 bacterial isolates were obtained from mimosa root nodules collected from sishuangbanna and yuanjiang districts of yunnan province. isolated rhizobia were characterized by rflp analysis of 16s rrna genes, sds-page of whole-cell proteins and box-pcr. most of the isolated strains were identified as β-rhizobia belonging to diverse populations of burkholderia a ... | 2011 | 20228206 |
| genetic characterization of root-nodule bacteria associated with acacia salicina and a. stenophylla (mimosaceae) across south-eastern australia. | symbiotic relationships between legumes and nitrogen-fixing soil micro-organisms are of ecological importance in plant communities worldwide. for example, nutrient-poor australian soils are often dominated by shrubby legumes (e.g. species of acacia). however, relatively few studies have quantified patterns of diversity, host-specificity and effectiveness of these ecologically important plant-microbe interactions. in this study, 16s rrna gene sequence and pcr-rflp analyses were used to examine ba ... | 2011 | 20228207 |
| mosaic structure of intragenic repetitive elements in histone h1-like protein hc2 varies within serovars of chlamydia trachomatis. | the histone-like protein hc2 binds dna in chlamydia trachomatis and is known to vary in size between 165 and 237 amino acids, which is caused by different numbers of lysine-rich pentamers. a more complex structure was seen in this study when sequences from 378 specimens covering the hctb gene, which encodes hc2, were compared. | 2010 | 20236532 |
| surface hydrophobicity of petroleum hydrocarbon degrading burkholderia strains and their interactions with napls and surfaces. | bacterial cell surface hydrophobicity (csh) is an important factor governing the growth and adhesion behavior of microorganisms on non-aqueous phase liquids (napls). in this work csh and surface charge was quantified for three oil degrading burkholderia cultures: aliphatic degrader burkholderia cepacia (es1) and two strains of aromatic degrading burkholderia multivorans (ng1 and hn1) based on contact angle and zeta potential measurement. model non-aqueous phase liquids (napls) were formulated us ... | 2010 | 20236810 |
| novel burkholderiales 23s rrna genes identified in ileal biopsy samples from children: preliminary evidence that a subtype is associated with perianal crohn's disease. | a novel family of burkholderiales bacteria was identified in ileal biopsy specimens from children presenting with symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease. a molecular subtyping approach based on sequencing of a variable region of the bacteria's 23s rrna genes identified three variants. pilot analysis identified one variant to be significantly associated with perianal crohn's disease. | 2010 | 20237101 |
| biosynthesis of the mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase (atpase) inhibitor bongkrekic acid in burkholderia gladioli. | biosynthetic studies with (13)c-labelled acetates and methionine revealed that the infamous, food-related toxin bongkrekic acid from burkholderia gladioli is a polyketide with acetate-derived beta-branches and a carboxylate terminus derived from the methyl group of an acetate. | 2010 | 20237660 |
| imported melioidosis in danish travellers: a diagnostic challenge. | infections with burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis) are rare events in scandinavian countries, but the bacterium may be contracted during travel to endemic areas, i.e. southeast asia (especially thailand) and northern australia. here, 5 travel-related cases occurring within the last 3 y in denmark are reported, with particular emphasis on diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed to health staff with little experience in the management of melioidosis. a newly developed b. pseudomallei-spec ... | 2010 | 20297927 |
| evaluation of the catalytic properties of burkholderia cepacia lipase immobilized on non-commercial matrices to be used in biodiesel synthesis from different feedstocks. | the objective of this work was to produce an immobilized form of lipase from burkholderia cepacia (lipase ps) with advantageous catalytic properties and stability to be used in the ethanolysis of different feedstocks, mainly babassu oil and tallow beef. for this purpose lipase ps was immobilized on two different non-commercial matrices, such as inorganic matrix (niobium oxide, nb(2)o(5)) and a hybrid matrix (polysiloxane-polyvinyl alcohol, sio(2)-pva) by covalent binding. the properties of free ... | 2010 | 20299207 |
| structural characterization of burkholderia pseudomallei adenylate kinase (adk): profound asymmetry in the crystal structure of the 'open' state. | in all organisms adenylate kinases (adks) play a vital role in cellular energy metabolism and nucleic acid synthesis. due to differences in catalytic properties between the adks found in prokaryotes and in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes, there is interest in targeting this enzyme for new drug therapies against infectious bacterial agents. here we report the 2.1a resolution crystal structure for the 220-residue adk from burkholderia pseudomallei (bpadk), the etiological agent responsible for the inf ... | 2010 | 20331978 |
| continuing evolution of burkholderia mallei through genome reduction and large-scale rearrangements. | burkholderia mallei (bm), the causative agent of the predominately equine disease glanders, is a genetically uniform species that is very closely related to the much more diverse species burkholderia pseudomallei (bp), an opportunistic human pathogen and the primary cause of melioidosis. to gain insight into the relative lack of genetic diversity within bm, we performed whole-genome comparative analysis of seven bm strains and contrasted these with eight bp strains. the bm core genome (shared by ... | 2010 | 20333227 |
| suppression of host innate immune response by burkholderia pseudomallei through the virulence factor tssm. | burkholderia pseudomallei is a gram-negative saprophyte that is the causative agent of melioidosis, a severe infectious disease endemic in northern australia and southeast asia. this organism has sparked much scientific interest in the west because of its classification as a potential bioterrorism agent by the u.s. centers for disease control and prevention. however, relatively little is known about its pathogenesis. we demonstrate that b. pseudomallei actively inhibits nf-kappab and type i ifn ... | 2010 | 20335533 |
| rhamnolipids: diversity of structures, microbial origins and roles. | rhamnolipids are glycolipidic biosurfactants produced by various bacterial species. they were initially found as exoproducts of the opportunistic pathogen pseudomonas aeruginosa and described as a mixture of four congeners: alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-beta-hydroxydecanoyl-beta-hydroxydecanoate (rha-rha-c(10)-c(10)), alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-beta-hydroxydecanoate (rha-rha-c(10)), as well as their mono-rhamnolipid congeners rha-c(10)-c(10) and rha-c(10). ... | 2010 | 20336292 |
| real-time pcr method for the quantification of burkholderia cepacia complex attached to lung epithelial cells and inhibition of that attachment. | to develop a rapid method to quantify the attachment of the cystic fibrosis pathogen, burkholderia multivorans, to lung epithelial cells (16hbe14o(-)) using real-time pcr with a view to monitoring potential inhibition of lung cell attachment. | 2010 | 20337933 |
| the complete multipartite genome sequence of cupriavidus necator jmp134, a versatile pollutant degrader. | cupriavidus necator jmp134 is a gram-negative beta-proteobacterium able to grow on a variety of aromatic and chloroaromatic compounds as its sole carbon and energy source. | 2010 | 20339589 |
| [isolation and identification of a coronatine producing strain]. | we screened and isolated coronatine-producing stains from various samples. | 2010 | 20344936 |
| development and evaluation of polymerase chain reaction assay to detect burkholderia genus and to differentiate the species in clinical specimens. | molecular-based techniques are becoming desirable as tools for identification of infectious diseases. amongst the burkholderia spp., there is a need to differentiate burkholderia pseudomallei from burkholderia cepacia, as misidentification could lead to false treatment of patients. in this study, conventional pcr assay targeting three genes was developed. primers were designed for the amplification of burkholderia genus-specific groel gene, b. pseudomallei-specific mpra gene and b. cepacia-speci ... | 2010 | 20345378 |
| identification of a regulatory cascade controlling type iii secretion system 3 gene expression in burkholderia pseudomallei. | a major and critical virulence determinant of many gram-negative bacterial pathogens is the type iii secretion systems (t3ss). t3ss3 in burkholderia pseudomallei is critical for bacterial virulence in mammalian infection models but its regulation is unknown. b. pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a potentially fatal disease endemic in southeast asia and northern australia. while screening for bacterial transposon mutants with a defective t3ss function, we discovered a tetr family ... | 2010 | 20345664 |
| construction of aminoglycoside-sensitive burkholderia cenocepacia strains for use in studies of intracellular bacteria with the gentamicin protection assay. | burkholderia cenocepacia is a multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogen that infects the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) and can survive intracellularly in macrophages and epithelial cells. the gentamicin protection assay, which relies on the poor ability of gentamicin or other aminoglycosides to permeate eukaryotic cell membranes, is traditionally employed to quantify intracellular bacteria. however, the high resistance of these bacteria to aminoglycosides hampers the use of the ... | 2010 | 20348312 |
| complex bacterial infections pre- and posttransplant. | infections complications following lung transplantation are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. management of infections is most challenging in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf), but all lung transplant recipients are at heightened risk for opportunistic infections. particularly in cf, pretransplant infections with pseudomonas aeruginosa, other highly resistant bacteria (e.g., stenotrophomonas, burkholderia), and mycobacteria play a major role in recipient selection and post-lu ... | 2010 | 20354935 |
| susceptibility of burkholderia pseudomallei to tigecycline and other antimicrobials. | | 2010 | 20356698 |
| the man with the boggy head: cranial melioidosis. | melioidosis is known to cause abscesses in various organs, including the cranium, though less commonly. we present a patient with scalp abscess and subdural empyema that was visible on computed tomography of the brain. the neurosurgical drainage grew burkholderia pseudomallei. despite our best effort to treat the patient using parenteral antibiotics and surgical drainage, the patient did not survive. | 2010 | 20358143 |
| an outbreak of burkholderia cenocepacia bacteremia in immunocompromised oncology patients. | burkholderia cepacia is a common environmental bacterium that is resistant to disinfectants, and therefore is often encountered as a hospital-acquired pathogen. we describe an outbreak of b. cenocepacia bacteremia among hospitalized oncology patients. | 2010 | 20358245 |
| p-nitrophenol degradation via 4-nitrocatechol in burkholderia sp. sj98 and cloning of some of the lower pathway genes. | microbial degradation studies have pointed toward the occurrence of two distinct pnp catabolic pathways in gram positive and gram negative bacteria. the former involves 4-nitrocatechol (4-nc), 1,2,4-benzenetriol (bt), and maleylacetate (ma) as major degradation intermediates, whereas the later proceeds via formation of 1,4-benzoquinone (bq) and hydroquinone (hq). in the present study we identified a gram negative organism viz. burkholderia sp. strain sj98 that degrades pnp via 4nc, bt, and ma. a ... | 2010 | 20359211 |
| bovine lactoferrin interacts with cable pili of burkholderia cenocepacia. | in this study we evaluated the ability of lactoferrin, the most abundant antimicrobial protein in airway secretions, to bind the surface structures of a burkholderia strain cystic fibrosis-isolated. burkholderia cenocepacia is a gram-negative bacterium involved as respiratory pathogen in cystic fibrosis patient infections. this bacterium possesses filamentous structures, named cable pili that have been proposed as virulence factors because of their ability to bind to respiratory epithelia and mu ... | 2010 | 20364433 |
| a genomic survey of positive selection in burkholderia pseudomallei provides insights into the evolution of accidental virulence. | certain environmental microorganisms can cause severe human infections, even in the absence of an obvious requirement for transition through an animal host for replication ("accidental virulence"). to understand this process, we compared eleven isolate genomes of burkholderia pseudomallei (bp), a tropical soil microbe and causative agent of the human and animal disease melioidosis. we found evidence for the existence of several new genes in the bp reference genome, identifying 282 novel genes su ... | 2010 | 20368977 |
| why genes evolve faster on secondary chromosomes in bacteria. | in bacterial genomes composed of more than one chromosome, one replicon is typically larger, harbors more essential genes than the others, and is considered primary. the greater variability of secondary chromosomes among related taxa has led to the theory that they serve as an accessory genome for specific niches or conditions. by this rationale, purifying selection should be weaker on genes on secondary chromosomes because of their reduced necessity or usage. to test this hypothesis we selected ... | 2010 | 20369015 |
| effects of pesticides on the bacterial production of pyrrolnitrin. | pyrrolnitrin is a halogenated bacterial metabolite with antifungal and antibacterial activities which served as a lead structure of synthetic fungicides. several pyrrolnitrin-producing bacteria are considered to be promising biopesticides. however, the application of these microorganisms is not straightforward since many synthetic pesticides usually coexist in agricultural fields and inevitably affect the efficacy of biocontrol agents. in this regard, effects of 25 xenobiotics, including 18 pest ... | 2010 | 20373823 |
| co-swarming and local collapse: quorum sensing conveys resilience to bacterial communities by localizing cheater mutants in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | members of swarming bacterial consortia compete for nutrients but also use a co-operation mechanism called quorum sensing (qs) that relies on chemical signals as well as other secreted products ("public goods") necessary for swarming. deleting various genes of this machinery leads to cheater mutants impaired in various aspects of swarming cooperation. | 2010 | 20376321 |
| role of bacteriocins in mediating interactions of bacterial isolates taken from cystic fibrosis patients. | pseudomonas aeruginosa (pa) and burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) lung infections are responsible for much of the mortality in cystic fibrosis (cf). however, little is known about the ecological interactions between these two, often co-infecting, species. this study provides what is believed to be the first report of the intra- and interspecies bacteriocin-like inhibition potential of pa and bcc strains recovered from cf patients. a total of 66 strains were screened, and shown to possess bacter ... | 2010 | 20378653 |
| huanglongbing, a systemic disease, restructures the bacterial community associated with citrus roots. | to examine the effect of pathogens on the diversity and structure of plant-associated bacterial communities, we carried out a molecular analysis using citrus and huanglongbing as a host-disease model. 16s rrna gene clone library analysis of citrus roots revealed shifts in microbial diversity in response to pathogen infection. the clone library of the uninfected root samples has a majority of phylotypes showing similarity to well-known plant growth-promoting bacteria, including caulobacter, burkh ... | 2010 | 20382817 |
| rational creation of mutant enzyme showing remarkable enhancement of catalytic activity and enantioselectivity toward poor substrates. | catalytic activity and enantioselectivity of lipase toward poor substrates bearing bulky substituents on both sides have been dramatically improved by rational design; the e value for a poor substrate was increased from 5 (wild-type enzyme) to >200 (i287f/i290a double mutant) with an acceleration of the reaction rate. | 2010 | 20383389 |
| pathogenicity, virulence factors, and strategies to fight against burkholderia cepacia complex pathogens and related species. | the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) is a group of 17 closely related species of the beta-proteobacteria subdivision that emerged in the 1980s as important human pathogens, especially to patients suffering from cystic fibrosis. since then, a remarkable progress has been achieved on the taxonomy and molecular identification of these bacteria. although some progress have been achieved on the knowledge of the pathogenesis traits and virulence factors used by these bacteria, further work envisagin ... | 2010 | 20390415 |
| application of electro-active biofilms. | the concept of an electro-active biofilm (eab) has recently emerged from a few studies that discovered that certain bacteria which form biofilms on conductive materials can achieve a direct electrochemical connection with the electrode surface using it as electron exchanger, without the aid of mediators. this electro-catalytic property of biofilms has been clearly related to the presence of some specific strains that are able to exchange electrons with solid substrata (eg geobacter sulfurreducen ... | 2010 | 20390557 |
| preliminary characterization of biosurfactants produced by microorganisms isolated from refinery wastewaters. | some bacterial strains isolated from refinery wastewaters were identified as pseudomonas aeruginosa rwi, pseudomonas putida rwii, pseudomonas fluorescens rwiii and burkholderia cepacia rwiv, and the biosurfactants produced by these strains were coded as bs-i, bs-ii, bs-iii and bs-iv, respectively. the bacterial strains were characterized by the following biochemical methods: gram stain, oxidase activity, indol, lactose and growth at 42 degrees c. biosurfactant production was evaluated by: emulsi ... | 2010 | 20391807 |
| efflux pumps may play a role in tigecycline resistance in burkholderia species. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of multidrug resistance efflux pumps in relation to decreased susceptibility to tigecycline in clinical isolates of burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc). the role of efflux pumps was analysed using the efflux pump inhibitor (epi) mc-207,110. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) were determined for each strain against tigecycline alone and in the presence of 64 mg/l mc-207,110. the effect of efflux pump inhibition on the susceptibility of bc ... | 2010 | 20399621 |
| methods to determine fitness in bacteria. | acquisition of antibiotic resistance may be associated with a physiological cost for the bacterium. determination of growth rate and generation time is often used to measure fitness costs associated with antibiotic resistance. however, fitness costs may be small and difficult to quantify and multiple models are required. available in vitro models that can be used to measure fitness include quantification of biofilm growth, survival in water, resistance to drying, and measurement of planktonic gr ... | 2010 | 20401590 |
| a burkholderia pseudomallei deltapurm mutant is avirulent in immunocompetent and immunodeficient animals: candidate strain for exclusion from select-agent lists. | burkholderia pseudomallei causes the disease melioidosis in humans and is classified as a category b select agent. research utilizing this pathogen is highly regulated in the united states, and even basic studies must be conducted in biosafety level 3 (bsl-3) facilities. there is currently no attenuated b. pseudomallei strain available that is excluded from select-agent regulations and can be safely handled at bsl-2 facilities. to address this need, we created bp82 and bp190, which are deltapurm ... | 2010 | 20404077 |
| evaluation of igm elisa using a sonicate and a lipopolysaccharide antigen for the serodiagnosis of melioidosis. | melioidosis, caused by burkholderia pseudomallei, has variable manifestations. the disease can present as an acute or a chronic form or localized or disseminated or can remain latent for many years. acute septicaemic melioidosis has a high fatality rate when untreated and therefore, an early diagnosis is critical. lack of testing facilities and of an awareness of the manifestations of the disease makes it likely that it is underreported in india. a sonicate and a lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigen ... | 2010 | 20404465 |
| adhesion and biofilm formation on polystyrene by drinking water-isolated bacteria. | this study was performed in order to characterize the relationship between adhesion and biofilm formation abilities of drinking water-isolated bacteria (acinetobacter calcoaceticus, burkholderia cepacia, methylobacterium sp., mycobacterium mucogenicum, sphingomonas capsulata and staphylococcus sp.). adhesion was assessed by two distinct methods: thermodynamic prediction of adhesion potential by quantifying hydrophobicity and the free energy of adhesion; and by microtiter plate assays. biofilms w ... | 2010 | 20405208 |
| proteomic analysis of quorum sensing-dependent proteins in burkholderia glumae. | burkholderia glumae, the causal agent of bacterial rice grain rot, utilizes quorum sensing (qs) systems that rely on n-octanoyl homoserine lactone (synthesized by tofi) and its cognate receptor tofr to activate toxoflavin biosynthesis genes and an iclr-type transcriptional regulator gene, qsmr. since qs is essential for b. glumae pathogenicity, we analyzed the qs-dependent proteome by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis. a total of 79 proteins, including previously known qs-dependent proteins, wer ... | 2010 | 20408571 |
| isolation and characterisation of the biological repeating unit of cepacian, the exopolysaccharide produced by bacteria of the burkholderia cepacia complex. | the repeating unit of cepacian, the exopolysaccharide produced by the majority of the microorganisms belonging to the burkholderia cepacia complex, was isolated from inner bacterial membranes and investigated by mass spectrometry, with and without prior derivatisation. interpretation of the mass spectra led to the determination of the biological repeating unit primary structure, thus disclosing the nature of the oligosaccharide produced in vivo. moreover, mass spectra recorded on the native samp ... | 2010 | 20409536 |
| identification of burkholderia multivorans atcc 17616 genes induced in soil environment by in vivo expression technology. | burkholderia multivorans atcc 17616 was originally isolated from a soil sample, and it carries three chromosomes. to identify traits of likely adaptive significance for colonization of soil, an in vivo expression technology system for atcc 17616 was constructed using the promoterless and tandemly arranged dapb and lacz genes as the reporters, and this system was applied to identify the genomic loci of atcc 17616 that were induced in sterilized soil. our screening of a library consisting of dapb- ... | 2010 | 20412282 |
| [tropical pneumonia: pulmonary melioidosis]. | melioidosis is a disease that is endemic in north australia and southeast asia, caused by burkholderia pseudomallei. this gram-negative organism can affect all organs, but presents most commonly as severe pneumonia. we report a 58-year-old man who presented with a b. pseudomallei pneumonia on his return from thailand. radiography revealed a complete disappearance of symptoms after a 3-week therapy with ceftazidime and doxycycline followed by 4 months of combined amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and d ... | 2010 | 20413195 |
| recovery and screening for antibiotic susceptibility of potential bacterial pathogens from the oral cavity of shark species involved in attacks on humans in recife, brazil. | the number of incidents involving sharks and humans at beaches in recife, on the north-eastern brazilian coast, is among the highest worldwide. in addition, wound infections in survivors are common; but the nature and risk of the aetiological agents is unknown. in the present study, 81 potential bacterial pathogens were identified in the oral cavity of sharks involved in attacks in recife, and were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility tests using the standardized disc-diffusion method. the maj ... | 2010 | 20413619 |
| mineralization of pcbs by the genetically modified strain cupriavidus necator jms34 and its application for bioremediation of pcbs in soil. | polychlorobiphenyls (pcbs) are classified as "high-priority pollutants." diverse microorganisms are able to degrade pcbs. however, bacterial degradation of pcbs is generally incomplete, leading to the accumulation of chlorobenzoates (cbas) as dead-end metabolites. to obtain a microorganism able to mineralize pcb congeners, the bph locus of burkholderia xenovorans lb400, which encodes one of the most effective pcb degradation pathways, was incorporated into the genome of the cba-degrading bacteri ... | 2010 | 20414654 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei musculoskeletal infections (melioidosis) in india. | melioidosis, an infection due to gram negative burkholderia pseudomallei, is an important cause of sepsis in east asia especially thailand and northern australia. it usually causes abscesses in lung, liver, spleen, skeletal muscle and parotids especially in patients with diabetes, chronic renal failure and thalassemia. musculoskeletal melioidosis is not common in india even though sporadic cases have been reported mostly involving soft tissues. during a two-year-period, we had five patients with ... | 2010 | 20419012 |
| promoting fertilizer use via controlled release of a bacteria-encapsulated film bag. | a phosphate-solubilizing bacterium ( burkholderia cepacia isolate) encapsulated in maleic anhydride (ma) grafted onto poly(butylene succinate adipate) (pbsa) and then combined with starch as film bag material (pbsa-g-ma/starch) incubated in a saline solution required approximately 20 days to deplete the starch in the film bags. thereafter, the cell concentration in the saline solution increased significantly because of the release of cells from the severely destroyed film bags and also their gro ... | 2010 | 20420423 |
| screening of lipases for the synthesis of xylitol monoesters by chemoenzymatic esterification and the potential of microwave and ultrasound irradiations to enhance the reaction rate. | lipases from different sources, pseudomonas fluorescens (ak lipase), burkholderia cepacia (ps lipase), penicillium camembertii (lipase g) and porcine pancreas lipase (ppl), previously immobilized on epoxy sio(2)-pva, were screened for the synthesis of xylitol monoesters by esterification of the protected xylitol using oleic acid as acyl donor group. among all immobilized derivatives, the highest esterification yield was achieved by p. camembertii lipase, showing to be attractive alternative to b ... | 2010 | 20420851 |
| fatal burkholderia pseudomallei septicaemia in a patient with diabetes. | | 2010 | 20424312 |
| immobilization of pseudomonas cepacia lipase onto electrospun polyacrylonitrile fibers through physical adsorption and application to transesterification in nonaqueous solvent. | the lipase of pseudomonas cepacia was immobilized onto electrospun polyacrylonitrile (pan) fibers and used for the conversion of (s)-glycidol with vinyl n-butyrate to glycidyl n-butyrate in isooctane. the rate of reaction with the adsorbed lipase was 23-fold higher than the initial material. after 10 recyclings, the initial reaction rate was 80% of the original rate. this system of enzyme immobilization is therefore suitable for carrying out transesterification reactions in nonaqueous solvents. | 2010 | 20424890 |
| pseudo outbreak of burkholderia cepacia in vaginal cultures and intervention by hospital infection control team. | | 2010 | 20434797 |
| commonalities and differences in regulation of n-acyl homoserine lactone quorum sensing in the beneficial plant-associated burkholderia species cluster. | the genus burkholderia includes over 60 species isolated from a wide range of environmental niches and can be tentatively divided into two major species clusters. the first cluster includes pathogens such as burkholderia glumae, b. pseudomallei, and b. mallei and 17 well-studied species of the burkholderia cepacia complex. the other recently established cluster comprises at least 29 nonpathogenic species, which in most cases have been found to be associated with plants. it was previously establi ... | 2010 | 20435760 |
| beyond antibiotics: new horizons in treating burkholderia species infections. | | 2010 | 20438351 |
| antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers targeted to an essential gene inhibit burkholderia cepacia complex. | members of the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) cause considerable morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic granulomatous disease and cystic fibrosis. many bcc strains are antibiotic resistant, which requires the exploration of novel antimicrobial approaches, including antisense technologies such as phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (pmos). | 2010 | 20438352 |
| disseminated penicilliosis, recurrent bacteremic nontyphoidal salmonellosis, and burkholderiosis associated with acquired immunodeficiency due to autoantibody against gamma interferon. | acquired immunodeficiency due to autoantibody against gamma interferon has recently been associated with opportunistic nontuberculous mycobacteriosis, especially among southeast asians. we report another 8 cases, all except one apparently immunocompetent hosts who suffered from concomitant or sequential infections by other intracellular pathogens causing penicilliosis, extraintestinal nontyphoidal salmonellosis, and burkholderiosis. the only case with an underlying immunodeficiency syndrome had ... | 2010 | 20445006 |
| the structure of sedoheptulose-7-phosphate isomerase from burkholderia pseudomallei reveals a zinc binding site at the heart of the active site. | heptoses are found in the surface polysaccharides of most bacteria, contributing to structures that are essential for virulence and antibiotic resistance. consequently, the biosynthetic enzymes for these sugars are attractive targets for novel antibiotics. the best characterized biosynthetic enzyme is gmha, which catalyzes the conversion of sedoheptulose-7-phosphate into d-glycero-d-manno-heptopyranose-7-phosphate, the first step in the biosynthesis of heptose. here, the structure of gmha from b ... | 2010 | 20447408 |
| nodulation and nitrogen fixation by mimosa spp. in the cerrado and caatinga biomes of brazil. | *an extensive survey of nodulation in the legume genus mimosa was undertaken in two major biomes in brazil, the cerrado and the caatinga, in both of which there are high degrees of endemicity of the genus. *nodules were collected from 67 of the 70 mimosa spp. found. thirteen of the species were newly reported as nodulating. nodules were examined by light and electron microscopy, and all except for m. gatesiae had a structure typical of effective mimosa nodules. the endosymbiotic bacteria in nodu ... | 2010 | 20456044 |
| [melioidosis: the importance of a detailed medical history, including recent travels]. | a 70-year-old woman was admitted to hospital with fever and signs of bronchopneumonia following a recent visit to southeast asia. she was diagnosed with melioidosis and treated with ceftazidime i.v. for two weeks, followed by oral co-trimoxazol and folinic acid. she recovered and had no recurring disease in the first year following recovery. melioidosis is caused by an infection with burkholderia pseudomallei. clinical presentation can vary, but pneumonia is present in most patients. the diagnos ... | 2010 | 20456806 |
| enrichment and cultivation of pelagic bacteria from a humic lake using phenol and humic matter additions. | individual bacterial populations are known to respond differently toward substrate availability. to test how the availability of either pure phenol or natural humic matter (hm) selects for specific pelagic bacteria phylotypes from a humic lake (lake grosse fuchskuhle, northeastern germany), we used culture-dependent and -independent approaches. using a batch approach, the bacterial community composition (bcc) differed depending on both the quantity and the quality of added substrates. using a di ... | 2010 | 20459514 |
| endophytic bacteria improve phytoremediation of ni and tce co-contamination. | the aim of this work was to investigate if engineered endophytes can improve phytoremediation of co-contaminations by organic pollutants and toxic metals. as a model system, yellow lupine was inoculated with the endophyte burkholderia cepacia vm1468 possessing (a) the ptom-bu61 plasmid, coding for constitutive trichloroethylene (tce) degradation, and (b) the ncc-nre ni resistance/sequestration system. plants were exposed to ni and tce and (a) ni and tce phytotoxicity, (b) tce degradation and eva ... | 2010 | 20462680 |
| evaluation of azithromycin, trovafloxacin and grepafloxacin as prophylaxis for experimental murine melioidosis. | the efficacies of the azalide azithromycin and the fluoroquinolones trovafloxacin and grepafloxacin for pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis of infection with high or low challenge doses of burkholderia pseudomallei strain 576 were assessed in an experimental mouse model. trovafloxacin and grepafloxacin afforded significant levels of protection, whereas azithromycin was ineffective and potentially detrimental. overall, the data suggest that some fluoroquinolones may have potential utility in proph ... | 2010 | 20462743 |
| failure to recover to baseline pulmonary function after cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbation. | patients with cystic fibrosis periodically experience pulmonary exacerbations. previous studies have noted that some patients' lung function (fev(1)) does not improve with treatment. | 2010 | 20463179 |
| cluster of pseudoinfections with burkholderia cepacia associated with a contaminated washer-disinfector in a bronchoscopy unit. | in december 2008, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples obtained from 3 patients were positive for burkholderia cepacia complex on culture. samples obtained from bronchoscopes and rinse-water samples obtained from the washer-disinfector were found to be positive for b. cepacia complex. the cause of this pseudo-outbreak was that the washer-disinfector was installed without the required antibacterial filter. | 2010 | 20470036 |
| enhancing activity and stability of burkholderia cepacia lipase by immobilization on surface-functionalized mesoporous silicates. | burkholderia cepacia lipase was immobilized on various types of phenyl-functionalized mesoporous silicates (mps). mps, anchored with a phenyl group on the silica wall and with three dimensional (3d) mesoporosity, showed highest lipase adsorption capacity and best activities both in aqueous and organic reagents. | 2010 | 20471602 |
| characterization of the n-atpase, a distinct, laterally transferred na+-translocating form of the bacterial f-type membrane atpase. | an analysis of the distribution of the na(+)-translocating atpases/atp synthases among microbial genomes identified an atypical form of the f(1)f(o)-type atpase that is present in the archaea methanosarcina barkeri and m. acetivorans, in a number of phylogenetically diverse marine and halotolerant bacteria and in pathogens burkholderia spp. in complete genomes, representatives of this form (referred to here as n-atpase) are always present as second copies, in addition to the typical proton-trans ... | 2010 | 20472544 |
| burkholderia phymatum strains capable of nodulating phaseolus vulgaris are present in moroccan soils. | phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna, nodc, and nifh genes of four bacterial strains isolated from root nodules of phaseolus vulgaris grown in morocco soils were identified as burkholderia phymatum. all four strains formed n(2)-fixing nodules on p. vulgaris and mimosa, acacia, and prosopis species and reduced acetylene to ethylene when cultured ex planta. | 2010 | 20472732 |
| pulmonary melioidosis in febrile neutropenia: the rare and deadly duet. | we present the first two fulminant cases of pulmonary melioidosis in febrile neutropenic patients with acute and varied presentations seen in our institution and their fatal outcome. a high index of suspicion coupled with microbiological confirmation can facilitate the administration of the appropriate therapy in cases of melioidosis that differ from other bacterial infections in terms of presentation and the response to antimicrobials. | 2010 | 20478984 |
| meropenem dosing in critically ill patients with sepsis receiving high-volume continuous venovenous hemofiltration. | use of high ultrafiltrate flow rates with continuous venovenous hemofiltration (cvvhf) in critically ill patients is an emerging setting, for which there are few data to guide drug dosing. the objectives of this study were, firstly, to investigate the pharmacokinetics of meropenem in critically ill patients with severe sepsis who are receiving high-volume cvvhf with high-volume exchanges (> or = 4 liters/h); secondly, to determine whether standard dosing regimens (1,000 mg intravenously [i.v.] e ... | 2010 | 20479205 |
| fe-superoxide dismutase and 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone reductase preclude the auto-oxidation step in 4-aminophenol metabolism by burkholderia sp. strain ak-5. | burkholderia sp. strain ak-5 converts 4-aminophenol to maleylacetic acid via 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene, which is unstable in vitro and non-enzymatically auto-oxidized to 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone. crude extract of strain ak-5 retarded the auto-oxidation and reduced the substrate analogue, 2,6-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone, in the presence of nadh. the two enzymes responsible were purified to homogeneity. the deduced amino acid sequence of the enzyme that inhibited the auto-oxidation showed a high le ... | 2011 | 20480210 |
| response of sessile cells to stress: from changes in gene expression to phenotypic adaptation. | a better understanding of the genotypic and phenotypic adaptation of sessile (biofilm-associated) microorganisms to various forms of stress is required in order to develop more effective antibiofilm strategies. this review presents an overview of what high-throughput transcriptomic analyses have taught us concerning the response of various clinically relevant microorganisms (including pseudomonas aeruginosa, burkholderia cenocepacia and candida albicans) to treatment with antibiotics or disinfec ... | 2010 | 20482621 |
| detection of hyphomycetes in the upper respiratory tract of patients with cystic fibrosis. | the respiratory tract of cystic fibrosis patients is colonised by bacteria and fungi. although colonisation by slow growing fungi such as pseudallescheria, scedosporium and exophiala species has been studied previously, the colonisation rate differs from study to study. infections caused by these fungi have been recognised, especially after lung transplants. monitoring of respiratory tract colonisation in cystic fibrosis patients includes the use of several semi-selective culture media to detect ... | 2010 | 20492536 |
| morphological changes of fusarium oxysporum induced by cf66i, an antifungal compound from burkholderia cepacia. | the morphological effects of cf66i, an antifungal compound produced by burkholderia cepacia, on growing hyphae of fusarium oxysporum were studied by fluorescence microscopy (fm) and transmission electron microscopy (tem). at 20 μg/ml, cf66i strongly inhibited growth and induced significant changes of the hyphal morphology. these changes included swelling of hyphae with considerable thickening cell wall and abnormal chitin deposition, which was indicative of the alterations in cell wall structure ... | 2010 | 20495943 |
| the bpeab-oprb efflux pump of burkholderia pseudomallei 1026b does not play a role in quorum sensing, virulence factor production, or extrusion of aminoglycosides but is a broad-spectrum drug efflux system. | most burkholderia pseudomallei strains are intrinsically aminoglycoside resistant, mainly due to amrab-opra-mediated efflux. rare naturally occurring or genetically engineered mutants lacking this pump are aminoglycoside susceptible despite the fact that they also encode and express bpeab-oprb, which was reported to mediate efflux of aminoglycosides in the singapore strain khw. to reassess the role of bpeab-oprb in b. pseudomallei aminoglycoside resistance, we used mutants overexpressing or lack ... | 2010 | 20498323 |
| miniemulsion as efficient system for enzymatic synthesis of acid alkyl esters. | the aim of this work is to devise an efficient enzymatic process for the production of linear alkyl esters in aqueous miniemulsion systems. the esterification reactions of linear alcohols and carboxylic acids were performed with three different enzymes, commercial amano lipase ps from pseudomonas cepacia, lipase type vii from candida rugosa, and lyophilized fusarium solani pisi cutinase expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae su50. the miniemulsion system shows a high potential for the synthesis o ... | 2010 | 20503297 |
| structural and functional characterization of diffusible signal factor family quorum-sensing signals produced by members of the burkholderia cepacia complex. | previous work has shown that burkholderia cenocepacia produces the diffusible signal factor (dsf) family signal cis-2-dodecenoic acid (c(12):delta(2), also known as bdsf), which is involved in the regulation of virulence. in this study, we determined whether c(12):delta(2) production is conserved in other members of the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) by using a combination of high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and bioassays. our results show that five bcc species are ... | 2010 | 20511428 |
| influence of forest trees on the distribution of mineral weathering-associated bacterial communities of the scleroderma citrinum mycorrhizosphere. | in acidic forest soils, availability of inorganic nutrients is a tree-growth-limiting factor. a hypothesis to explain sustainable forest development proposes that tree roots select soil microbes involved in central biogeochemical processes, such as mineral weathering, that may contribute to nutrient mobilization and tree nutrition. here we showed, by combining soil analyses with cultivation-dependent analyses of the culturable bacterial communities associated with the widespread mycorrhizal fung ... | 2010 | 20511429 |
| antimicrobial activity of chir-090, an inhibitor of lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, against the burkholderia cepacia complex. | | 2010 | 20516283 |
| unusual distribution of burkholderia cepacia complex species in danish cystic fibrosis clinics may stem from restricted transmission between patients. | forty-four of 48 burkholderia cepacia complex strains cultured from danish cystic fibrosis patients were burkholderia multivorans, a distribution of species that has not been reported before. although cases of cross infections were demonstrated, no major epidemic clone was found. the species distribution may represent the sporadic acquisition of bacteria from the environment. | 2010 | 20519474 |
| bacterial loads and antibody responses in balb/c mice infected with low and high doses of burkholderia pseudomallei. | profiles of burkholderia pseudomallei persistence and antibodies in blood, spleen, liver, and lungs of infected balb/c mice were investigated. animals were infected intraperitoneally with low (6 colony-forming units) or high (230 colony-forming units) doses of b. pseudomallei. in the high-dose infected group, bacteria were found by culture in 100% of blood, liver, spleen and lung samples at 24 and 48 hours after infections; blood samples were 100% positive by polymerase chain reaction after 60 h ... | 2010 | 20519607 |
| emergence of pediatric melioidosis in siem reap, cambodia. | we describe the first cases of pediatric melioidosis in cambodia. thirty-nine cases were diagnosed at the angkor hospital for children, siem reap, between october 2005 and december 2008 after the introduction of microbiology capabilities. median age was 7.8 years (range = 1.6-16.2 years), 15 cases were male (38%), and 4 cases had pre-existing conditions that may have pre-disposed the patient to melioidosis. infection was localized in 27 cases (69%) and disseminated in 12 cases (31%). eleven case ... | 2010 | 20519608 |
| increasing incidence of human melioidosis in northeast thailand. | melioidosis is a serious community-acquired infectious disease caused by the gram-negative environmental bacterium burkholderia pseudomallei. a prospective cohort study identified 2,243 patients admitted to sappasithiprasong hospital in northeast thailand with culture-confirmed melioidosis between 1997 and 2006. these data were used to calculate an average incidence rate for the province of 12.7 cases of melioidosis per 100,000 people per year. incidence increased incrementally from 8.0 (95% con ... | 2010 | 20519609 |
| effective, broad spectrum control of virulent bacterial infections using cationic dna liposome complexes combined with bacterial antigens. | protection against virulent pathogens that cause acute, fatal disease is often hampered by development of microbial resistance to traditional chemotherapeutics. further, most successful pathogens possess an array of immune evasion strategies to avoid detection and elimination by the host. development of novel, immunomodulatory prophylaxes that target the host immune system, rather than the invading microbe, could serve as effective alternatives to traditional chemotherapies. here we describe the ... | 2010 | 20523903 |
| the early stage of bacterial genome-reductive evolution in the host. | the equine-associated obligate pathogen burkholderia mallei was developed by reductive evolution involving a substantial portion of the genome from burkholderia pseudomallei, a free-living opportunistic pathogen. with its short history of divergence (approximately 3.5 myr), b. mallei provides an excellent resource to study the early steps in bacterial genome reductive evolution in the host. by examining 20 genomes of b. mallei and b. pseudomallei, we found that stepwise massive expansion of is ( ... | 2010 | 20523904 |
| exploring the hme and hae1 efflux systems in the genus burkholderia. | the genus burkholderia includes a variety of species with opportunistic human pathogenic strains, whose increasing global resistance to antibiotics has become a public health problem. in this context a major role could be played by multidrug efflux pumps belonging to resistance nodulation cell-division (rnd) family, which allow bacterial cells to extrude a wide range of different substrates, including antibiotics. this study aims to i) identify rnd genes in the 21 available completely sequenced ... | 2010 | 20525265 |
| molecular insights into burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia mallei pathogenesis. | burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia mallei are closely related gram-negative bacteria that can cause serious diseases in humans and animals. this review summarizes the current and rapidly expanding knowledge on the specific virulence factors employed by these pathogens and their roles in the pathogenesis of melioidosis and glanders. in particular, the contributions of recently identified virulence factors are described in the context of the intracellular lifestyle of these pathogens. thro ... | 2010 | 20528691 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei is spatially distributed in soil in northeast thailand. | melioidosis is a frequently fatal infectious disease caused by the soil dwelling gram-negative bacterium burkholderia pseudomallei. environmental sampling is important to identify geographical distribution of the organism and related risk of infection to humans and livestock. the aim of this study was to evaluate spatial distribution of b. pseudomallei in soil and consider the implications of this for soil sampling strategies. | 2010 | 20532233 |
| involvement of the myd88-independent pathway in controlling the intracellular fate of burkholderia pseudomallei infection in the mouse macrophage cell line raw 264.7. | burkholderia pseudomallei is a facultative intracellular gram-negative bacterium which is capable of surviving and multiplying inside macrophages. b. pseudomallei strain srm117, a lps mutant which lacks the o-antigenic polysaccharide moiety, is more susceptible to macrophage killing during the early phase of infection than is its parental wild type strain (1026b). in this study, it was shown that the wild type is able to induce expression of genes downstream of the myd88-dependent (ikappabzeta, ... | 2010 | 20536725 |