| pseudomonas cepacia in the sputum of cystic fibrosis patients. | colonization of sputum by pseudomonas cepacia has been associated with progressive respiratory deterioration and a worsening prognosis for some cystic fibrosis patients. after laboratory methods were changed and a selective medium introduced, p. cepacia was isolated from the sputa of 16 out of 82 patients with cystic fibrosis attending this hospital: a prevalence rate of 20%. p. cepacia was found in the first sputum examined of 12 patients after the new methods were introduced, indicating that c ... | 1994 | 7527513 |
| chaperone-mediated activation in vivo of a pseudomonas cepacia lipase. | an extracellular pseudomonas cepacia lipase, lipa, is inactive when expressed in the absence of the product of the lima gene. evidence has been presented that lima is a molecular chaperone. the lipa and lima genes have been cloned in separate and independently inducible expression systems in escherichia coli. these systems were used to test the molecular chaperone hypothesis by investigating whether lima could activate presynthesized prelipase and whether presynthesized lima could activate newly ... | 1994 | 7528875 |
| fatal sepsis due to pseudomonas cepacia. | pseudomonas cepacia is known as an opportunistic pathogen in the patients with altered host defence. we report a case of hospital-acquired fatal sepsis due to p. cepacia in a child with no known defect in immune system. virulence of the organism was indicated by the high magnitude of septicaemia. the organism was successfully eliminated by ceftriaxone but the patient died of renal failure. | 1994 | 7535478 |
| comparison by extended ribotyping of pseudomonas cepacia isolated from cystic fibrosis patients with acute and chronic infections. | multiple isolates of pseudomonas cepacia, from two cystic fibrosis (cf) patients who were chronically infected and two others who suffered acute fatal lung infections, were examined by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and four-enzyme ribotyping. the strains isolated from the fatalities belonged to a clone, electropherotype 12 (et12) that is endemic in the ontario patients' province of origin. et12 strains have also been isolated from outbreaks in cf patients in the united kingdom, where they ar ... | 1994 | 7535673 |
| [transport medium for pathogenic pseudomonads]. | a transporting medium was designed for the transportation and preservation for 5 to 7 days of material infected with agents of malleus and melioidosis. foreign contaminating microorganisms gradually die in this medium, whereas solitary cells of malleus and melioidosis agents (100 bacterial cells per 0.1 ml) survive. | 1995 | 7538858 |
| [differentiation between glanders and melioidosis]. | | 1995 | 7538860 |
| contamination of crystal violet in the gram stain method. | | 1995 | 7535805 |
| effect of sorbitan monolaurate polyoxyalkylene (tween 20) on the ultrastructure of some bacteria. | the ultrastructure of listeria monocytogenes, salmonella typhimurium, pseudomonas pseudomallei and pseudomonas aeruginosa treated with 0.5 and 1% tween 20 was studied by means of transmission and scanning electron microscopy. specific changes in the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane were observed. | 1994 | 7539732 |
| separation of antigenic glycoprotein fractions from cell-free homogenate of pseudomonas pseudomallei and characterization as tyrosine phosphatase. | cell-free extracts were prepared from pseudomonas pseudomallei cells by freezing-thawing, sonication, and differential ultracentrifugation. the extracts were subjected to column chromatography with deae-sepharose to obtain glycoprotein fractions. the fractions showed acid phosphatase activity to p-nitrophenyl phosphate, tyrosine phosphate, serine phosphate, but not to threonine phosphate. they were highly antigenic when tested by immunofluorescence assay with the sera of melioidosis patients. | 1994 | 7539939 |
| cellular lipid and fatty acid compositions of burkholderia pseudomallei strains isolated from human and environment in viet nam. | viet nam is known as an endemic area of melioidosis but its etiologic agent originated in viet nam was not extensively studied. for the first time, we analyzed the cellular lipid and fatty acid compositions of 15 vietnamese isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei, 10 from humans and 5 from the environment. cellular lipid compositions were analyzed by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography on silica gel g plates. cellular fatty acid methyl esters were analyzed by gas chromatography (gc) and gas ... | 1995 | 7540251 |
| an outbreak of burkholderia (formerly pseudomonas) cepacia respiratory tract colonization and infection associated with nebulized albuterol therapy. | to investigate an outbreak of burkholderia (formerly pseudomonas) cepacia respiratory tract colonization and infection in mechanically ventilated patients. | 1995 | 7536401 |
| defining potential targets for immunotherapy in burkholderia cepacia infection. | burkholderia cepacia has become a serious source of infection in patients with cystic fibrosis. antibiotic therapy is difficult as the bacteria are intrinsically resistant to most antibiotics. the present study compared the antibody response by immunoblot of 50 negative control sera, 22 patients with cystic fibrosis and no evidence of b. cepacia, 9 clinically well patients with cystic fibrosis colonised by b. cepacia and 5 patients with cystic fibrosis and deteriorating or fatal b. cepacia infec ... | 1995 | 7536517 |
| metabolism of polychlorinated phenols by pseudomonas cepacia ac1100: determination of the first two steps and specific inhibitory effect of methimazole. | resting cells of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid-grown pseudomonas cepacia ac1100 metabolize both dichlorophenols, such as 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,6-dichlorophenol, 3,4-dichlorophenol, and 3,5-dichlorophenol, and more highly substituted phenols, such as 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol, to the corresponding chlorohydroquinones. the first hydroxylation occurs in the para position of the phenol regardless of whether this position is replaced by a chlorine substituent. the first evidence ... | 1995 | 7529225 |
| [antigenic bacterial polysaccharides. structure of o-specific polysaccharides from pseudomonas cepacia serogroups c, i, o1, and o4]. | like some pseudomonas cepacia serogroups studied earlier, serogroups c, i (nakamura), o1 and o4 (heidt) are characterized by the presence of at least two structurally different o-antigenic polysaccharide chains in cell-wall lipopolysaccharides. on the basis of acid hydrolysis, methylation, 1h- and 13c-nmr spectroscopy, including computer-assisted 13c-nmr-based analysis, the complete structures of the predominant polysaccharides of serogroups i (i), c and o4 (iii) and the minor polysaccharides of ... | 1994 | 7530009 |
| [pseudomonas mallei and pseudomonas pseudomallei: introduction and maintenance of natural and recombinant plasmid replicons]. | comparative analysis of recipient activity of pseudomonas mallei, pseudomonas pseudomallei, and pseudomonas cepacia strains towards naturally occurring and recombinant plasmid replicons was carried out. autonomic broad host range vector plasmids based on rsf1010(incq) and psa(incw) replicons as well as integrative vectors based on psup202(co1e1) replicon have been constructed. the study has shown that naturally occurring plasmids rsf1010(incq), psa(incw), r15(incn), and rp4(incp) are being effic ... | 1995 | 7541512 |
| [laboratory control of effectiveness of chemotherapy in melioidosis]. | an undoubtable role of the melioidosis germ persistence in the form of l-variants with the development of dth in the relapses of the disease was stated. serological reactions such as cft and phar were shown to be of the diagnostic value but it was by far lower than the allergotest. no correlation between the antibody titers in the tested sera and the isolation of the bacterial or l-variants of the melioidosis germ was observed. the criteria of the recovery from melioidosis were: stable normaliza ... | 1995 | 7541620 |
| effects of growth rate and nutrient limitation on virulence factor production in burkholderia cepacia. | the influence of growth rate and oxygen availability on siderophore, protease, and lipase production in burkholderia cepacia was assessed for cells grown in a chemostat under iron limitation. whereas siderophore and protease production increased with growth rate and oxygen yet decreased under oxygen depletion, lipase production demonstrated the opposite trend. | 1995 | 7541788 |
| multi-resistance isolates possessing characteristics of both burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia and burkholderia gladioli from patients with cystic fibrosis. | multi-resistant strains from three uk centres, previously identified as burkholderia (formerly pseudomonas) cepacia, and associated with morbidity, mortality and transmission among patients with cystic fibrosis have been further characterised. biochemical tests and fatty acid analyses indicate these strains to possess some characteristics atypical of b. cepacia but bearing close resemblance to burkholderia gladioli, an organism previously regarded solely as a plant pathogen and a hindrance to th ... | 1994 | 7530242 |
| are all carbapenems created equal? | | 1994 | 7530243 |
| airborne dissemination of burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia from adult patients with cystic fibrosis. | burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia is an increasingly important pathogen in patients with cystic fibrosis but it is unclear how it spreads from patient to patient. a study was undertaken to determine whether b cepacia could be recovered from room air occupied by colonised adult patients with cystic fibrosis. | 1994 | 7530384 |
| rapd analysis of isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei from patients with recurrent melioidosis. | twenty-seven isolates of burholderia pseudomallei (formerly pseudomonas pseudomallei) from ten patients with recurrent melioidosis were analysed by rapd. in two cases rapd patterns in recurrent isolates differed from the original isolates; one was considered a likely reinfection while the other may represent relapse from one of two strains initially infecting the patient. in two cases where a change in antibiotic resistance had occurred between original and relapse isolates, slight changes in ra ... | 1995 | 7543859 |
| structural characterization of the lipopolysaccharide o antigens of burkholderia pseudomallei. | a serologically typical strain of burkholderia pseudomallei (strain 304b) was found to produce two s-type lipopolysaccharides (lps) differing in the chemical structures of their o-polysaccharide (o-ps) components. structural analysis revealed that one o-antigenic polysaccharide (o-ps i) is an unbranched high-molecular-weight polymer of 1,3-linked 2-o-acetyl-6-deoxy-beta-d-manno-heptopyranose residues. the other lps o antigen (o-ps ii) is an unbranched polymer of repeating disaccharide units havi ... | 1995 | 7543882 |
| pseudomonas pseudomallei-insulin interaction. | | 1995 | 7543888 |
| structures of the two polymers present in the lipopolysaccharide of burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia serogroup o4. | like several other strains of burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia, the reference strain for serogroup o4 in the french typing scheme [heidt, a., monteil, h. & richard, c. (1983) j. clin. microbiol. 18, 738-740] produces a lipopolysaccharide containing two distinct polymers. attempts to separate the polymers chromatographically were unsuccessful, but the periodate-resistant major polymer could be isolated by application of the smith degradation technique to the mixture. by means of chemical and nm ... | 1995 | 7544286 |
| [the isolation and characteristics of cloned strains of pseudomonas pseudomallei phages]. | on the basis of museum strains of the melioidosis agent pseudomonas pseudomallei, 14 pure lines of bacteriophages were isolated belonging to morphological groups iv and v according to the classification by a. s. tikhonenko. these phages show a broad bacteriolytic range as far as museum p. pseudomallei cultures are concerned. it was determined that some phages isolated from the same melioidosis culture and belonging to the same morphological type display different bacteriolytic activity. it is de ... | 1995 | 7544671 |
| subdivision of burkholderia pseudomallei ribotypes into multiple types by random amplified polymorphic dna analysis provides new insights into epidemiology. | ribotyping has previously been used for epidemiological studies of burkholderia pseudomallei (previously pseudomonas pseudomallei). we show here that random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis allows subdivision of strains of the same ribotype. with five different primers, no two epidemiologically unrelated isolates of any single ribotype in this study of 102 isolates from humans, goats, cats, and soil had identical rapd patterns. conversely, rapd analysis showed clonality for isolates fro ... | 1995 | 7545176 |
| bacterial infection in cystic fibrosis (cf): special reference to mycobacteria and burkholderia cepacia. | | 1995 | 7547352 |
| purification and characterization of an exopolysaccharide of burkholderia (pseudomonas) pseudomallei. | burkholderia pseudomallei (basonym pseudomonas pseudomallei) is the causative organism of melioidosis, a disease which is recognized as a major public health problem primarily in southeast asia and northern australia. in this paper, we report on the identification, purification, and characterization of a species-specific exopolysaccharide of b. pseudomallei. after immunization of mice with a b. pseudomallei strain exhibiting mucoid growth characteristics, we isolated an immunoglobulin g1 monoclo ... | 1995 | 7558305 |
| clinically practical seminested pcr for burkholderia pseudomallei quantitated by enzyme immunoassay with and without solution hybridization. | diagnosis of melioidosis, an infectious disease caused by burkholderia pseudomallei (formerly pseudomonas pseudomallei), is made initially by antibody testing, which is not always sensitive or specific. we have developed two seminested pcr protocols combined with enzyme immunoassay (eia) to detect the conserved ribosomal regulatory region of b. pseudomallei. both pcrs used one biotinylated primer for capturing pcr products on eia plates. one system, termed solution hybridization eia (sheia), hyb ... | 1995 | 7559961 |
| cepacidine a, a novel antifungal antibiotic produced by pseudomonas cepacia. ii. physico-chemical properties and structure elucidation. | cepacidine a is a novel glycopeptide with a potent antifungal activity, which is produced by pseudomonas cepacia af 2001. its molecular weight was determined by fab-ms (m/z 1215). the compound is comprised of glycine (1), serine (2), 2,4-diaminobutyric acid (1), aspartic acid (1), beta-hydroxy tyrosine (1), beta-hydroxy asparagine (1), xylose (1) and 5,7-dihydroxy-3,9-diamino-octadecanoic acid (1). unfortunately, cepacidine a is a mixture of a1 and a2, either of which is barely distinguishable. ... | 1994 | 7531194 |
| improved results of lung transplantation for patients with cystic fibrosis. | patients with cystic fibrosis pose particular challenges for lung transplant surgeons. earlier reports from north american centers suggested that patients with cystic fibrosis were at greater risk for heart-lung or isolated lung transplantation than other patients with end-stage pulmonary disease. during a 3 1/2 year period, 44 patients with end-stage lung disease resulting from cystic fibrosis underwent double lung transplantation at this institution. during the same interval, 18 patients with ... | 1995 | 7531796 |
| visceral abscess in melioidosis. | a retrospective analysis was done in 81 patients with visceral abscess due to melioidosis treated at khon kaen hospital, northeastern thailand from 1985 to 1993. the clinical presentations were fever 100 per cent, abdominal pain 39 per cent, cough 34.8 per cent, abdominal tenderness 27.5 per cent and palpable mass 24.6 per cent. the laboratory findings were not diagnostic of the etiology. the abscesses were detected by ultrasonography in 97.25 per cent and computed tomography 2.25 per cent. the ... | 1995 | 7561544 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei and indian plague-like illness. | | 1995 | 7564697 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei and indian plague-like illness. | | 1995 | 7564767 |
| cable (cbl) type ii pili of cystic fibrosis-associated burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia: nucleotide sequence of the cbla major subunit pilin gene and novel morphology of the assembled appendage fibers. | previous studies have shown that appendage pili of burkholderia cepacia strains isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) at the hospital for sick children, toronto, canada, mediate adherence to mucus glycoproteins and also enhance adherence to epithelial cells. the specific pilin-associated adhesin molecule is a 22-kda protein. in the present study we purified the major subunit pilin (17 kda) and immunolocalized it to peritrichously arranged pili. on the basis of their novel morphologica ... | 1995 | 7532166 |
| structurally variant classes of pilus appendage fibers coexpressed from burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia. | one or more of five morphologically distinct classes of appendage pili were determined to be peritrichously expressed by burkholderia (formerly pseudomonas) cepacia isolated from disparate sources. b. cepacia-encoded cbla pilin gene hybridization-based analysis revealed that one associated class, cable (cbl) adhesin type iib. cepacia pili, correlates with epidemically transmitted strains from a single cystic fibrosis (cf) center. when only phenotypic assays were available, correlations between t ... | 1995 | 7532167 |
| comparison of pseudomonas pseudomallei from humans, animals, soil and water by restriction endonuclease analysis. | pseudomonas pseudomallei isolates from 62 human, 17 animal, 3 soil and 3 water samples were examined by genomic dna digestion with psti. five major (re i, ii, iii, iv, v) reproducible restriction patterns were observed, with most (56/62) of the human isolates displaying re i (30/62), ii (5/62), iii (15/62), iv (4/62), v (2/62), and the animal (16/17), soil (2/3), water (3/3) isolates showing predominantly re ii profiles. six human and one soil isolates showed patterns different from those of re ... | 1995 | 7570138 |
| burkholderia cepacia in cystic fibrosis. | | 1995 | 7532284 |
| cloning and sequencing of the genes involved in glyphosate utilization by pseudomonas pseudomallei. | thirty-four strains of pseudomonas pseudomallei isolated from soil were selected for their ability to degrade the phosphonate herbicide glyphosate. all strains tested were able to grow on glyphosate as the only phosphorus source without the addition of aromatic amino acids. one of these strains, p. pseudomallei 22, showed 50% glyphosate degradation in 40 h in glyphosate medium. from a genomic library of this strain constructed in puc19, we have isolated a plasmid carrying a 3.0-kb dna fragment w ... | 1995 | 7574593 |
| burkholderia cepacia in cystic fibrosis. | | 1995 | 7532285 |
| burkholderia cepacia in cystic fibrosis. | | 1995 | 7532286 |
| differences in eucaryotic cell binding of pseudomonas. | the lungs of cystic fibrosis (cf) patients are frequently chronically colonized by pseudomonas aeruginosa. recently there has been an increase in colonization by another pathogen pseudomonas cepacia, which can cause a rapid decline in clinical condition or death of the patient. the nature of the factor(s) which predispose cf patients to colonization by one or both of these opportunistic pathogens is unknown. it has been suggested that the genetic defect in cf patients results in an increase in t ... | 1994 | 7536882 |
| recovery of pseudomonas cepacia and other pseudomonas species from the environment. | nine hundred sixteen cultures were obtained from homes of patients with cystic fibrosis, control homes, salad bars, and food markets, and analyzed for the presence of pseudomonas cepacia and related bacteria. p cepacia was recovered from 5 (18%) of 27 homes, and from 20 (4%) of 509 cultures collected outside of homes. relative to other pseudomonads, p cepacia is found infrequently in the environment. it is not clear how frequently these sources contribute to acquisition of this bacteria by perso ... | 1995 | 7534780 |
| xanthomonas maltophilia misidentified as pseudomonas cepacia in cultures of sputum from patients with cystic fibrosis: a diagnostic pitfall with major clinical implications. | pseudomonas cepacia infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) has major significance in terms of infection control, psychosocial issues, and medical treatment. we describe three instances in which the diagnostic laboratory misidentified xanthomonas maltophilia as p. cepacia in cultures of sputum from patients with cf. these errors were recognized when 3 (9%) of 32 isolates, which had all been identified as p. cepacia and had been submitted to the canadian pseudomonas repository laboratory ... | 1995 | 7537977 |
| the influence of physicochemical effects on the microbial degradation of chlorinated biphenyls. | the influence of different forms of substrate administration (either through the vapour phase or the liquid phase) on growth of two bacterial strains on biphenyl, 2-chlorobiphenyl, and 3,5-dichlorobiphenyl has been investigated. during growth with all three compounds, the availability of the substrate for the cells turned out to be the growth-limiting factor, even in liquid culture with excess substrate supplied to the medium. growth on biphenyl and 2-chlorobiphenyl could be greatly enhanced if ... | 1995 | 7576558 |
| sequence analysis of a gene cluster involved in metabolism of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid by burkholderia cepacia ac1100. | burkholderia cepacia ac1100 utilizes 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-t) as a sole source of carbon and energy. pt88 is a chromosomal deletion mutant of b. cepacia ac1100 and is unable to grow on 2,4,5-t. the nucleotide sequence of a 5.5-kb chromosomal fragment from b. cepacia ac1100 which complemented pt88 for growth on 2,4,5-t was determined. the sequence revealed the presence of six open reading frames, designated orf1 to orf6. five polypeptides were produced when this dna region was ... | 1995 | 7538273 |
| infection with pseudomonas cepacia in chronic granulomatous disease: role of nonoxidative killing by neutrophils in host defense. | pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas cepacia are catalase-producing bacteria, but only p. cepacia causes infections in patients with chronic granulomatous disease (cgd). the in vitro killing of p. aeruginosa and p. cepacia by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl) from patients with cgd and from healthy adults was assessed. of 6 patients with cgd who developed severe infections with p. cepacia, 4 died. pmnl from the 2 survivors and 6 other patients with cgd killed p. aeruginosa strains efficientl ... | 1994 | 7527826 |
| oligonucleotide primers designed to differentiate pathogenic pseudomonads on the basis of the sequencing of genes coding for 16s-23s rrna internal transcribed spacers. | universal primers targeting conserved sequences flanking the 3' end of the 16s and the 5' end of the 23s rrna genes (rdnas) were used to amplify the 16s-23s rdna internal transcribed spacers (its) from eight species of pseudomonads which have been associated with human infections. amplicons from reference strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas cepacia, pseudomonas gladioli, pseudomonas mallei, pseudomonas mendocina, pseudomonas pickettii, pseudomonas pseudomallei, and xanthomonas maltoph ... | 1995 | 7583922 |
| is1237, a repetitive chromosomal element from clavibacter xyli subsp. cynodontis, is related to insertion sequences from gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. | we describe here a repetitive chromosomal element, which appears to be an insertion sequence, isolated from clavibacter xyli subsp. cynodontis, a gram-positive plant-associated bacterium. the element, is1237, is 905 bp in size, is bounded by 19-bp perfect inverted repeats and 3-bp direct repeats, and appears at least 16 times in the genome. it contains three open reading frames which show similarity to open reading frames from various other insertion sequences. we have found that there are two g ... | 1994 | 7534933 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence comparison of the groe operon of pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia cepacia. | by alignment of groel amino acid sequences from four distantly related bacteria two highly conserved domains were identified. two oligonucleotides complementary to the conserved domains were designed based on the preferred pseudomonas aeruginosa codon usage. the primers were used in the pcr to amplify a 900-base fragment of the p. aeruginosa groel gene. the fragment was sequenced and the partial groel sequence was expanded by vectorette pcr upstream and downstream to cover the complete p. aerugi ... | 1995 | 7538307 |
| pulmonary melioidosis. | melioidosis is the name given to all diseases caused by the bacterium pseudomonas pseudomallei. melioidosis is a tropical disease and prevails in parts of southeast asia, northern australia, and central and south america. however, in recent years, cases of melioidosis have been reported in the united states and other areas. the organism can infect any organ system, although the lung is the most common organ affected. pulmonary melioidosis presents either as an acute fulminant pneumonia or as an ... | 1995 | 7587451 |
| serum igg response to burkholderia cepacia outer membrane antigens in cystic fibrosis: assessment of cross-reactivity with pseudomonas aeruginosa. | burkholderia cepacia (pseudomonas cepacia) is now recognised as an important pathogen in cystic fibrosis patients, and several reports have suggested that sputum-culture-proven colonisation occurs despite the presence of specific antibody. in an attempt to establish the use of antibody studies as diagnostic and prognostic indicators of b. cepacia infection, we have examined the igg response to b. cepacia outer membrane proteins and lipopolysaccharide in patients also colonised with p. aeruginosa ... | 1995 | 7539670 |
| burkholderia cepacia and cystic fibrosis: do natural environments present a potential hazard? | an environmental survey of 55 sites yielded only 12 burkholderia cepacia isolates, none of which displayed the phenotypic properties of a multiresistant epidemic strain associated with pulmonary colonization in patients with cystic fibrosis. although the environment probably poses a low risk for patients with cystic fibrosis as a source of b. cepacia, the pathogenic potential of individual environmental strains remains unclear. we advise caution in the development of b. cepacia as a biocontrol a ... | 1995 | 7540623 |
| cloning of a mineral phosphate-solubilizing gene from pseudomonas cepacia. | we have recently shown that the ability of some gram-negative bacteria to dissolve poorly soluble calcium phosphates (mps+ phenotype) is the result of periplasmic oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid via the quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase (gdh), a component of the direct oxidation pathway. escherichia coli k-12 derivatives synthesize apo-gdh but not the cofactor pyrroloquinoline-quinone (pqq) essential for formation of the holoenzyme. therefore, in the absence of exogenous pqq, these strain ... | 1995 | 7540821 |
| lung disease in the cystic fibrosis mouse exposed to bacterial pathogens. | lung disease is the major cause of death in cystic fibrosis (cf), but there is no evidence for overt lung involvement at birth. we show here that the same is true for the gene targeted cftrm1hgu mutant mouse. furthermore, this cf mouse model demonstrates an impaired capacity to clear staphylococcus aureus and burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia, two opportunistic lung pathogens closely associated with lung disease in cf subjects. the cftrm1hgu homozygotes display mucus retention and frank lung di ... | 1995 | 7540910 |
| conservation of the hypersensitivity-pathogenicity regulatory gene hrpx of xanthomonas campestris and x. oryzae. | the hrpx gene is essential for pathogenicity of xanthomonas species. loss of hrpx by mutation results in the loss of pathogenicity and a gain in the ability of xanthomonas to cause the hypersensitive response in their respective host plants, suggesting that hrpx confers a means to evade this host defense response. the function of hrpx protein was predicted by sequencing of hrpxc and hrpxo from x. campestris pv. campestris and x. oryzae, respectively. the predicted amino acid sequences of the pro ... | 1995 | 7626786 |
| biological activity of burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia lipopolysaccharide. | burkholderia cepacia has emerged as an important multiresistant pathogen in cystic fibrosis (cf), associated in 20% of colonised patients with a rapid and fatal decline in lung function. although knowledge of b. cepacia epidemiology has improved, the mechanisms involved in pathogenesis remain obscure. in this study, b. cepacia lipopolysaccharide (lps) was assessed for endotoxic potential and the capacity to induce tumour necrosis factor (tnf). lps preparations from clinical and environmental iso ... | 1995 | 7640678 |
| insertional sequence primers for bordetella pertussis diagnostic polymerase chain reaction differentiate strains of pseudomonas cepacia. | insertion sequence primers originally intended to amplify a singular specific product for the rapid diagnosis of bordetella pertussis respiratory infection were used to differentiate strains of pseudomonas (burkholderia) cepacia. a modified sample preparation of proteinase k treatment and boiling was used in lieu of dna extraction. the method was simple, rapid, and reproducible. this scheme identified 10 variations among 35 strains. repeat strains from patients with cystic fibrosis and epidemiol ... | 1995 | 7541063 |
| pleural complications in lung transplant recipients. | pleural complications occurred in 30 (22%) of 138 patients after 53 single and 91 double lung transplants between september 1986 and february 1993. these were defined for the purpose of this study as pneumothorax persisting beyond the first 14 postoperative days, recurrent pneumothorax, or any other pleural process that necessitated diagnostic or therapeutic intervention. overall, a higher pleural complication rate was seen in double lung transplantation (25 of 30) than in single lung transplant ... | 1995 | 7541881 |
| bacterial contamination of aerosol solutions containing antibiotics. | in an investigation of microbial contamination of aerosol solutions containing antibiotics (hospital pharmaceutical preparations, no preservatives added), five of six residual solutions after multiple use for 7 days were contaminated at a concentration of 10(6) viable counts/ml. contaminants were glucose-nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli such as pseudomonas cepacia and flavobacterium meningosepticum. the major contaminant, p. cepacia, multiplied rapidly in the aerosol solution under simulated ... | 1995 | 7541888 |
| serology and carriage of pseudomonas pseudomallei: a prospective study in 1000 hospitalized children in northeast thailand. | throat swab cultures and indirect hemagglutination assay (iha) for pseudomonas pseudomallei were done in 1000 randomly selected children at a large hospital in northeast thailand. during 18 months, 17 children with melioidosis were admitted (0.46% of pediatric admissions excluding neonates born in the hospital). throat swab was positive for p. pseudomallei in 8 of these but in none of 1000 control children. iha seroprevalence rose at a conversion rate of 24% per year, from 12% in those 1-6 month ... | 1993 | 7678106 |
| ability of pseudomonas pseudomallei malleobactin to acquire transferrin-bound, lactoferrin-bound, and cell-derived iron. | the ability of malleobactin to mobilize iron from transferrin and lactoferrin was examined in an equilibrium dialysis assay in the absence of bacteria. malleobactin was capable of removing iron from both transferrin and lactoferrin at ph values of 7.4, 6.0, and 5.0. however, the levels of iron mobilization were greater for transferrin than for lactoferrin at all the ph values used in the assay. the ability of pseudomonas pseudomallei to acquire iron from 30% iron-saturated transferrin and k562 h ... | 1993 | 7678587 |
| selective media for isolation of burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia from the respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis. | one hundred and six specimens from 90 patients with cystic fibrosis were evaluated for the presence of burkholderia cepacia using a current routine diagnostic protocol as well as a research protocol involving polymyxin b-macconkey agar without crystal violet, pc agar, ofpvl agar, and a selective brain-heart infusion broth. ten specimens from eight patients (8.9%) were positive by any method. the selective enrichment broth was the only medium that yielded b cepacia from all 10 positive samples, a ... | 1995 | 7543119 |
| auxotrophy of burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia from cystic fibrosis patients. | the nutritional status of 89 isolates of burkholderia cepacia from 81 cystic fibrosis (cf) patients was evaluated. forty of the isolates, from 38 patients, were not able to grow in a minimal medium containing glucose and mineral salts only and were thus auxotrophs. in contrast, all of 29 isolates from non-cf (clinical and environmental) sources were prototrophic. addition of a pool of amino acids to the minimal medium was sufficient to promote growth of all tested cf auxotrophic isolates. indeed ... | 1995 | 7559977 |
| ribotype analysis of pseudomonas pseudomallei isolates. | no epidemiological typing system to differentiate among pseudomonas pseudomallei isolates has been available. ribotype analysis was developed and used to examine 74 clinical and 10 environmental isolates of p. pseudomallei from thailand. six p. pseudomallei ribotypes were identified from restriction fragment polymorphisms of ecori chromosomal digests. the predominant ribotype, a, was found in 59 of the isolates examined. by using patterns from hybridizations with sali, hindiii, and psti restrict ... | 1993 | 7679401 |
| purification of 3,5-dichlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase, a nonheme iron dioxygenase and a key enzyme in the biodegradation of a herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d), from pseudomonas cepacia csv90. | an enzyme which cleaves the benzene ring of 3,5-dichlorocatechol has been purified to homogeneity from pseudomonas cepacia csv90, grown with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) as the sole carbon source. the enzyme was a nonheme ferric dioxygenase and catalyzed the intradiol cleavage of all the examined catechol derivatives, 3,5-dichlorocatechol having the highest specificity constant of 7.3 microm-1s-1 in an air-saturated buffer. no extradiol-cleaving activity was observed. thus, the enzyme ... | 1993 | 7679568 |
| the emergence of epidemic, multiple-antibiotic-resistant stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia and burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia. | stenotrophomonas (xanthomonas) maltophilia has recently emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen in immunocompromised cancer patients and transplant recipients. s. maltophilia has been documented as a cause of bacteraemia, infections of the respiratory and urinary tracts, meningitis, serious wound infections, mastoiditis, epididymitis, conjunctivitis and endocarditis. the reservoir of s. maltophilia and the mechanisms by which it is transmitted, remain largely unknown. risk analysis has shown ... | 1995 | 7560984 |
| genetic and molecular analysis of a regulatory region of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate catabolic plasmid pjp4. | in alcaligenes eutrophus jmp134, pjp4 carries the genes coding for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate (2,4-d) and 3-chlorobenzoate (3-cba) degradation plus mercury resistance. the plasmid genes specifying 2,4-d and 3-cba catabolism are organized in three operons: tfda, tfdb, and tfdcdef. regulation of these operons by two unlinked genes, tfdr and tfds, has been proposed. physical and dna sequence analyses revealed that the tfdr and tfds genes were identical and were located within a longer inverted repe ... | 1995 | 7565094 |
| [molecular typing by pulsed field gel electrophoresis of pseudomonas (burkholderia) cepacia isolated from a nosocomial infection]. | because of the emergence of pseudomonas (burkholderia) cepacia, isolated among patients from an intensive care unit of the hôpital pellegrin (bordeaux), strains were studied in the aim to determine the source and the mode of transmission of the bacteria. the study was performed on 44 isolates of p. cepacia from 21 patients (23 strains) or from the environment (16 isolates from ventilators and five from the distilled water used for these ventilators). susceptibility to 23 antibiotics of these str ... | 1995 | 7567128 |
| a meta cleavage pathway for 4-chlorobenzoate, an intermediate in the metabolism of 4-chlorobiphenyl by pseudomonas cepacia p166. | bacterial degradation of biphenyl and polychlorinated biphenyls proceeds by a well-studied pathway which produces benzoate and 2-hydroxypent-2,4-dienoate (or, in the case of polychlorinated biphenyls, the chlorinated derivatives of these compounds). pseudomonas cepacia p166 utilizes 4-chlorobiphenyl for growth and produces 4-chlorobenzoate as a central intermediate. in this study we found that strain p166 further transforms 4-chlorobenzoate to 4-chlorocatechol, which is mineralized by a meta cle ... | 1995 | 7574580 |
| 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid-degrading bacteria contain mosaics of catabolic genes. | dna from 32 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d)-degrading bacteria from diverse locations was probed with the first three genes of the well-known 2,4-d degradation pathway found in alcaligenes eutrophus jmp134(pjp4). the majority of strains did not show high levels of homology to the first three genes of the 2,4-d degradation pathway, tfda, -b, and -c. most strains showed combinations of tfda-, b-, and c-like elements that exhibited various degrees of homology to the gene probes. strains havi ... | 1995 | 7574638 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of genes encoding a toluene/benzene-2-monooxygenase from pseudomonas sp. strain js150. | it was previously shown by others that pseudomonas sp. strain js150 metabolizes benzene and alkyl- and chloro-substituted benzenes by using dioxygenase-initiated pathways coupled with multiple downstream metabolic pathways to accommodate catechol metabolism. by cloning genes encoding benzene-degradative enzymes, we found that strain js150 also carries genes for a toluene/benzene-2-monooxygenase. the gene cluster encoding a 2-monooxygenase and its cognate regulator was cloned from a plasmid carri ... | 1995 | 7574644 |
| induction of toluene oxidation activity in pseudomonas mendocina kr1 and pseudomonas sp. strain envpc5 by chlorinated solvents and alkanes. | toluene oxidation activity in pseudomonas mendocina kr1 and pseudomonas sp. strain envpc5 was induced by trichloroethylene (tce), and induction was followed by the degradation of tce. higher levels of toluene oxidation activity were achieved in the presence of a supplemental growth substrate such as glutamate, with levels of activity of up to 86% of that observed with toluene-induced cells. activity in p. mendocina kr1 was also induced by cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, chloroethane ... | 1995 | 7574658 |
| isolation of uracil auxotrophs from burkholderia cepacia atcc 25416. | two uracil auxotrophs of the phytopathogen burkolderia cepacia atcc 25416, which is known to be involved in food spoilage, were isolated by a combination of ethylmethane sulphonate and d-cycloserine counterselection. one mutant exhibited depressed orotate phosphoribosyltransferase activity while the other mutant lacked orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase activity. pyrimidine limitation of either auxotroph elevated aspartate transcarbamoylase and dihydroorotase activities by at least 1:5-fol ... | 1995 | 7576529 |
| pyrimidine synthesis in burkholderia cepacia atcc 25416. | pyrimidine synthesis in the food spoilage agent burkholderia cepacia atcc 25416 was investigated. the five de novo pathway enzymes of pyrimidine biosynthesis were found to be active in b. cepacia atcc 25416 and growth of this strain on uracil had an effect on the de novo enzyme activities. the in vitro regulation of aspartate transcarbamoylase activity in b. cepacia atcc 25416 was studies and its activity was inhibited by pp(i), atp, gtp, ctp and utp. the enzymes cytidine deaminase, uridine phos ... | 1995 | 7576530 |
| purification and characterization of toluene 2-monooxygenase from burkholderia cepacia g4. | recent in vivo studies indicate that ring monooxygenation is a widespread mechanism by which bacteria metabolize aromatic hydrocarbons and obtain carbon and energy. in this study, toluene 2-monooxygenase from burkholderia (formerly pseudomonas) cepacia g4 was purified to homogeneity and found to be a three-component enzyme system. the reconstituted enzyme system oxidized toluene to o-cresol and o-cresol to 3-methylcatechol, an important intermediate for growth of the bacterium on toluene. steady ... | 1995 | 7578004 |
| ornibactin production and transport properties in strains of burkholderia vietnamiensis and burkholderia cepacia (formerly pseudomonas cepacia). | several strains of burkholderia vietnamiensis, isolated from the rhizosphere of rice plants, and four strains formerly known as pseudomonas cepacia including two collection strains and two clinical isolates were compared for siderophore production and iron uptake. the b. vietnamiensis (tvv strains) as well as the b. cepacia strains (atcc 25416 and atcc 17759) and the clinical isolates k132 and lmg 6999 were all found to produce ornibactins under iron starvation. the two atcc strains of b. cepaci ... | 1995 | 7580051 |
| tom, a new aromatic degradative plasmid from burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia g4. | burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia pr1(23) has been shown to constitutively express to toluene catabolic pathway distinguished by a unique toluene ortho-monooxygenase (tom). this strain has also been shown to contain two extrachromosomal elements of < 70 and > 100 kb. a derivative strain cured of the largest plasmid, pr1(23) cure, was unable to grow on phenol or toluene as the sole source of carbon and energy, which requires expression of the tom pathway. transfer of the larger plasmid from stra ... | 1995 | 7538275 |
| identification of aquatic burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia by hybridization with species-specific rrna gene probes. | burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia is a common environmental bacterium which can be pathogenic for plants and humans. in this study, four strategies were used to identify aquatic isolates: api test strips, hybridization with species-specific dna probes for the 16s and 23s rrna genes, fatty acid methyl ester (fame) profiles, and growth on selective medium (tb-t agar [c. hagedorn, w. d. gould, t. r. bardinelli, and d. r. gustarson, appl. environ. microbiol. 53:2265-2268, 1987]). only 59% of the is ... | 1995 | 7538282 |
| latex agglutination test for identification of pseudomonas pseudomallei. | a latex agglutination test was developed and evaluated for the rapid presumptive identification of pseudomonas pseudomallei, the causative organism of melioidosis. the test was 100% sensitive for 52 isolates of ps pseudomallei and 100% specific when tested with other medically important pseudomonas species and enterobacteriaceae. a subsequent field trial, with clinical specimens from patients with suspected melioidosis, confirmed the sensitivity and specificity of the test. | 1993 | 7684405 |
| are all carbapenems created equal? | | 1995 | 7592186 |
| identification of specific antigens of pseudomonas pseudomallei and evaluation of their efficacies for diagnosis of melioidosis. | current methods for the diagnosis of melioidosis are based on bacteriological culture. a number of serological tests currently available lack specificity and sensitivity. this is largely due to the use of crude antigens which results in a significant cross-reactivity with sera from individuals infected with other bacteria. in this study five different antigens were prepared and evaluated for their potential usefulness in diagnosis of melioidosis. these included a 19.5-kda antigen which was previ ... | 1993 | 7684750 |
| are all carbapenems created equal? | | 1995 | 7592187 |
| influence of pseudomonas aeruginosa exoproducts on virulence factor production in burkholderia cepacia: evidence of interspecies communication. | the effect of concentrated cell-free extracellular material from stationary-phase cultures of burkholderia cepacia 10661 and pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 on virulence factor production in b. cepacia was assessed. while increasing concentrations of the b. cepacia exoproduct caused a slight increase in siderophore, lipase, and protease production in the producing organism, a significant in productivity was observed for all three virulence factors with the addition of the pao1 exoproduct. moreover, ... | 1995 | 7592496 |
| evidence that operons tcb, tfd, and clc encode maleylacetate reductase, the fourth enzyme of the modified ortho pathway. | the maleylacetate reductase from pseudomonas sp. strain b13 functioning in the modified ortho pathway was purified and digested with trypsin. the polypeptides separated by high-performance liquid chromatography were sequenced. alignments with the polypeptides predicted from the tfdf and tcbf genes located on plasmids pjp4 of the 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate-degrading alcaligenes eutrophus jmp134 and pp51 of the 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene-degrading pseudomonas sp. strain p51 as well as polypeptides pre ... | 1995 | 7601858 |
| isolation and treatment of cystic fibrosis patients with lung infections caused by pseudomonas (burkholderia) cepacia and multiresistant pseudomonas aeruginosa. | cross-infection with pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas cepacia has been shown sometimes to occur between cystic fibrosis (cf) patients in some cf centres, in some summer camps and during some social contacts between cf patients. cohort isolation and improved hygienic precautions, however, have successfully been employed in some cf centres resulting in a decrease or elimination of cross-infection. chronic p. aeruginosa infection is in most cf patients preceded by a period of intermittent col ... | 1995 | 7643943 |
| relationships among pseudomonas pseudomallei isolates from patients with recurrent melioidosis. | patients with melioidosis may present with recurrent infections after clinical resolution of their primary illness. because there has been no satisfactory typing scheme for pseudomonas pseudomallei, recrudescence could not be distinguished from reinfection. we determined the strain identity of primary and relapse isolates of p. pseudomallei from 25 patients with culture-proven melioidosis to answer whether secondary infections were due to the initial infecting strain or to the acquisition of a n ... | 1993 | 7686185 |
| survival of pseudomonas pseudomallei strains at 5 degrees c. | the ability of 15 pseudomonas pseudomallei strains of different origin to survive at 5 degrees c was tested, in comparison with the type strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas cepacia. viable cells of each strain were suspended in tryptic soy broth (diluted 1:10) at a concentration of about 10(6) cfu/ml. the suspensions were kept at 5 degrees c, and the number of viable cells was determined by counting colonies every 10 days. four strains of p. pseudomallei, including the type strain ... | 1993 | 7686201 |
| [an outbreak of pseudomonas sepsis associated with nosocomial infection in a pediatric ward]. | a five-year old girl, diagnosed with fever of unknown origin (fuo), was transferred to our hospital due to a deterioration in her general condition. pseudomonas cepacia (p. cepacia) was detected in her blood culture and she soon recovered after imipenem cilastatin (ipm/cs) administration. when the former hospital was informed of the results of her blood cultures, we learned that five other cases of fuo had occurred there within the previous two weeks in noncompromised children. except for one ca ... | 1993 | 7686202 |
| maintenance treatment with antibiotics in cystic fibrosis patients. sense or nonsense? | the majority of patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) have chronic lung infection with a variety of organisms. it is accepted clinical practice to treat acute exacerbations of infection with appropriate oral or intravenous antibiotics. the aim of this paper is to review the use of maintenance antibiotics for these patients with chronic pulmonary infection. there is clinical trial evidence to support the use of maintenance treatment for patients chronically infected with staphylococcus aureus or pse ... | 1995 | 7643944 |
| genetic structure of a lotic population of burkolderia (pseudomonas) cepacia. | the genetic structure of a population of burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia isolated from a southeastern blackwater stream was investigated by using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis to examine the allelic variation in eight structural gene loci. overall, 213 isolates were collected at transect points along the stream continuum, from both the sediments along the bank and the water column. multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis revealed 164 distinct electrophoretic types, and the mean genetic ... | 1995 | 7646017 |
| antagonism of pseudomonas cepacia against phytopathogenic fungi. | two strains of pseudomonas cepacia, rj3 and atcc 52796, have been identified as potential antagonists of fungal plant pathogens. we have compared the antagonistic activity of these two strains against various fungal pathogens. although both strains displayed high levels of antagonism, atcc 52796 was slightly more antagonistic than rj3. the antagonist from rj3 has been identified as the antifungal compound pyrrolnitrin after purification by hplc and characterization by uv, ir, nmr, and mass spect ... | 1993 | 7679303 |
| pseudomonas cepacia in lung transplant recipients with cystic fibrosis. | twenty-four isolated double lung transplants (ltxs) have been performed in 22 patients with cystic fibrosis, with a follow-up of 4 to 47 months. prior to ltx, all patients were colonized with pseudomonas aeruginosa, and ten patients were also colonized with pseudomonas cepacia. both organisms were specifically sought before ltx. all patients who grew p cepacia before ltx did so after ltx. five additional patients only grew this bacterium after ltx. there was no difference between those who grew ... | 1993 | 7679347 |
| iatrogenic urinary tract infection with pseudomonas cepacia after transrectal ultrasound guided needle biopsy of the prostate. | in response to an unexplained development of pseudomonas cepacia cystoprostatitis after transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy, a retrospective review of records and biopsy protocol was performed at our institution. between june 5, 1990 and january 9, 1991 no documented infections occurred in 272 patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound and prostate biopsy. during the next 6 months, however, 9 of 110 patients (8.2%) presented again with infectious symptomatology after transrectal ultras ... | 1993 | 7679757 |
| optimizing fluorescent in situ hybridization with rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes for flow cytometric identification of microorganisms. | a combination of fluorescent rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes ("phylogenetic stains") and flow cytometry was used for a high resolution automated analysis of mixed microbial populations. fixed cells of bacteria and yeasts were hybridized in suspension with fluorescein- or tetramethylrhodamine-labeled oligonucleotide probes complementary to group-specific regions of the 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) molecules. quantifying probe-conferred cell fluorescence by flow cytometry, we could discriminate b ... | 1993 | 7679962 |
| outbreak of pseudomonas cepacia bacteremia in oncology patients. | in 1991, an outbreak of pseudomonas cepacia bacteremia (pcb) occurred among patients at an oncology clinic in alabama. a case-patient was defined as any patient at alabama oncology hematology associates (aoha) who had at least one blood culture positive for p. cepacia from 7 august through 31 october. fourteen case-patients were identified; all required hospitalization (median duration, 17 days), but none died of pcb. a cohort study assessing risk factors for pcb focused on all patients who had ... | 1993 | 7680908 |
| characterization of pseudomonas pseudomallei antigens by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blot. | immunological characterization of various pseudomonas pseudomallei preparations was carried out by sds-page and western blot using sera from infected humans and from patients with other bacterial infections. somatic (som) and partially purified cell extracts (pce) gave more complex sds-page patterns: m(r) ranged from 86 to 12.7 and 48 to 10 kda, respectively. the culture-filtrated antigens (cf) from 3 different kinds of synthetic media consisted of fairly simple profiles with common bands m(r) o ... | 1993 | 7689760 |
| cystic fibrosis. | the past few years have seen amazing progress in our understanding of the underlying cellular and molecular bases of cf. this new understanding has raised hopes for improved treatments in the very near future. these new treatments are expected to improve even further the prognosis for survival in this disorder, which has improved nearly 1 year for every passing year over the past two decades. the future for patients with cf is brighter than ever. | 1993 | 7680977 |
| pseudomonas cepacia pseudobacteraemia. | | 1993 | 7681073 |
| molecular typing of pseudomonas pseudomallei: restriction fragment length polymorphisms of rrna genes. | the aim of this study was to develop a typing scheme for pseudomonas pseudomallei by comparison of patterns of restriction fragment length polymorphisms in rrna genes (ribotyping). bamhi restriction digests of 100 isolates from various animal (34), human (58), and environmental (6) sources, including six reference strains, were hybridized to escherichia coli 16s and 23s rrnas. a chemiluminescent labelling and detection system was used to visualize bands. on the basis of patterns, the strains wer ... | 1993 | 7681436 |