| distribution of genes encoding putative transmissibility factors among epidemic and nonepidemic strains of burkholderia cepacia from cystic fibrosis patients in the united kingdom. | in the last 15 years, burkholderia cepacia has emerged as a significant pathogen in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients, mainly due to the severity of infection observed in a subset of patients and the fear of transmission of the organism to noncolonized patients. although patients who deteriorate rapidly cannot be predicted by microbiological characteristics, three genetic markers have been described for strains that spread between patients. these are the cbla gene, encoding giant cable pili; a hybri ... | 2000 | 10790095 |
| distinguishing species of the burkholderia cepacia complex and burkholderia gladioli by automated ribotyping. | several species belonging to the genus burkholderia are clinically relevant, opportunistic pathogens that inhabit major environmental reservoirs. consequently, the availability of means for adequate identification and epidemiological characterization of individual environmental or clinical isolates is mandatory. in the present communication we describe the use of the riboprinter microbial characterization system (qualicon, warwick, united kingdom) for automated ribotyping of 104 strains of burkh ... | 2000 | 10790116 |
| a review on melioidosis with special respect on molecular and immunological diagnostic techniques. | melioidosis is an 'emerging' tropical disease which causes diagnostic problems in endemic and especially in nonendemic areas e.g. germany when imported. in the last decade, many efforts have been made to develop new molecular and immunological techniques for diagnostic use. however, an actual comprehensive review does not exist. apart from classical microbiological procedures (microscopy, culture and biochemical identification) efforts have been made to identify burkholderia pseudomallei using s ... | 2000 | 10791119 |
| pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic evaluation of ceftazidime continuous infusion vs intermittent bolus injection in septicaemic melioidosis. | experimental studies have suggested that constant intravenous infusion would be preferable to conventional intermittent bolus administration of beta-lactam antibiotics for serious gram-negative infections. severe melioidosis (burkholderia pseudomallei infection) carries a mortality of 40% despite treatment with high dose ceftazidime. the aim of this study was to measure the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of continuous infusion of ceftazidime vs intermittent bolus dosing in septicaem ... | 2000 | 10792202 |
| degradation of 4-nitrocatechol by burkholderia cepacia: a plasmid-encoded novel pathway. | pseudomonas cepacia rkj200 (now described as burkholderia cepacia) has been shown to utilize p-nitrophenol (pnp) as sole carbon and energy source. the present work demonstrates that rkj200 utilizes 4-nitrocatechol (nc) as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy, and is degraded with concomitant release of nitrite ions. several lines of evidence, including thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography, 1h-nuclear magnetic resonance, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, spectral analyses a ... | 2000 | 10792536 |
| multiple chromosomes in burkholderia cepacia and b. gladioli and their distribution in clinical and environmental strains of b. cepacia. | burkholderia cepacia is found in soils and waters, it can be used in biocontrol and bioremediation but is also a human pathogen. it is not yet clear what differentiates pathogenic from non-pathogenic strains of the organism. in this study the multiple replicon structure was investigated in 28 strains of b. cepacia by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. all strains examined, whether of clinical, environmental or plant pathogenic origin, were found to have two, three or four large (> 500 kbp) replic ... | 2000 | 10792553 |
| serological and molecular size characterization of flagellins of pseudomonas syringae pathovars and related bacteria | flagella from a total of 118 strains representing mostly pathovars of the phytopathogenic group pseudomonas syringae, but also p. chlororaphis, p. cichorii, p. corrugata, p. fluorescens, p. fuscovaginae, p. stutzeri, p. viridiflava, as well as related phytopathogenic genera (burkholderia cepacia and ralstonia solanacearum) were characterized by immuno-fluorescent staining, sds-page, and immunoblotting. eighty-six strains of the p. syringae group pathovars, p. cichorii and p. viridiflava were sho ... | 1999 | 10794141 |
| properties of the trihydroxytoluene oxygenase from burkholderia cepacia r34: an extradiol dioxygenase from the 2,4-dinitrotoluene pathway. | burkholderia cepacia r34 mineralizes 2,4-dinitrotoluene via an oxidative pathway. the initial steps in the degradative pathway lead to formation of 2,4,5-trihydroxytoluene, which serves as the substrate for the ring cleavage dioxygenase. the trihydroxylated substrate differs from the usual substituted catechols found in pathways for aromatic compound degradation. to determine whether the characteristics of the trihydroxytoluene oxygenase reflect the unusual ring cleavage substrate of the 2,4-din ... | 2000 | 10795678 |
| [burkholderia cepacia isolation and characterization from hospital infections]. | the evolution of reanimation and functional exploration techniques has led to and explosion of nosocomial infections. they are prevailing in intensive care and neonatal units. this study deals with b. cepacia strains isolated in 1996 in a pediatric hospital of the dakar university hospital center, following the installation of tracheo-bronchial exhausters which are used for obstruction removal among children. the 44 b. cepacia strains examined come from 42 blood cultures done among 29 boys and 1 ... | 1998 | 10797949 |
| field investigations of bacterial contaminants and their effects on extended porcine semen. | field investigations (n=23) were made over a 3-yr period at north american boar studs and farms in which the primary complaint was sperm agglutination in association with decreased sperm longevity of extended semen, and increased regular returns to estrus and/or vaginal discharges across parity. microscopic examination of extended semen from these units revealed depressed gross motility (usually <30%), sperm agglutination, and sperm cell death occurring within 2 d of semen collection and process ... | 2000 | 10798493 |
| polyhydroxyalkanoate accumulation in burkholderia sp.: a molecular approach to elucidate the genes involved in the formation of two homopolymers consisting of short-chain-length 3-hydroxyalkanoic acids. | burkholderia sp. accumulates polyhydrox-yalkanoates (phas) containing 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxy-4-pentenoic acid when grown on mineral media under limited phosphate or nitrogen, and using sucrose or gluconate as a carbon and energy source. solvent fractionation and nmr spectroscopic characterization of these polyesters revealed the simultaneous accumulation of two homopolyesters rather than a co-polyester with random sequence distribution of the monomers [valentin he, berger pa, gruys kj, ... | 2000 | 10803903 |
| synthesis of unnatural amino acids via suzuki cross-coupling of enantiopure vinyloxazolidine derivatives. | [formula: see text] (r and s)-alpha-amino alcohols and alpha-amino acids, including 4-methoxyhomophenylalanine, with a variety of unnatural side chains have been synthesized via palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling suzuki reactions. the key building blocks 1 and 2, synthesized from the common achiral precursor 2-butene-1,4-diol, were made enantiopure utilizing a pseudomonas cepacia lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution. the optimal conditions for the suzuki cross-coupling and the subsequent oxidatio ... | 2000 | 10804561 |
| burkholderia cepacia epidemiology and pathogenesis: implications for infection control. | much has been learned during the past 2 years about the microbiology and taxonomy of burkholderia cepacia. several distinct species have been identified in what is now referred to as the b. cepacia complex. preliminary studies indicate that certain of these species are more likely to colonize and cause severe pulmonary infection in persons with cystic fibrosis. ongoing investigations will expand these findings and have the potential to modify current infection control policies. the commercial us ... | 1998 | 10813212 |
| pseudomonas (burkholderia) pseudomallei in thailand, 1964-1967: geographic distribution of the organism, attempts to identify cases of active infection, and presence of antibody in representative sera. | the purpose of this study, initiated in 1964 and concluded in 1967, was to define the distribution of pseudomonas (now burkholderia) pseudomallei in thailand, to evaluate its importance as an etiologic agent, and to survey the presence of antibody in people that might indicate prior infection and/or contact with the microorganism. | 2000 | 10813478 |
| diagnostic and prognostic value of an immunofluorescent assay for melioidosis. | melioidosis caused by burkholderia pseudomallei is endemic in southeast asia. the clinical manifestations range from wound infections to acute septicemia. in some cases, recurrence can also occur following complete recovery. case fatality rates are high and a major factor is the delay in the culture and identification of the bacterium. an immunofluorescent assay (ifat) using whole-cell antigen for the detection of total antibodies to b. pseudomallei was tested with 650 sera. using a cut-off valu ... | 2000 | 10813488 |
| identification of a serine hydrolase as a key determinant in the microbial degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls. | the ability of 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate (hopda) hydrolase (bphd) of burkholderia cepacia lb400 to hydrolyze polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) metabolites was assessed by determining its specificity for monochlorinated hopdas. the relative specificities of bphd for hopdas bearing chlorine substituents on the phenyl moiety were 0.28, 0.38, and 1.1 for 8-cl, 9-cl, and 10-cl hopda, respectively, versus hopda (100 mm phosphate, ph 7.5, 25 degrees c). in contrast, hopdas bearing chlorine ... | 2000 | 10821847 |
| immunization with a pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase peptide reduces severity of experimental lung infections due to p. aeruginosa or burkholderia cepacia. | pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia cepacia produce metalloproteases that effect lung injury. two epitopes (peptides 15 and 42) previously identified on p. aeruginosa elastase induce the production of antibodies that neutralize protease activity. the effects of immunization with synthetic peptides based on these epitopes on experimental lung infections due to p. aeruginosa or b. cepacia were examined. rats were immunized with peptides conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin or tetanus toxoid ... | 2000 | 10823769 |
| melioidosis brain and lung abscess after travel to sri lanka. | | 1999 | 10825069 |
| arabinose-positive burkholderia pseudomallei infection in humans: case report. | | 1999 | 10825075 |
| acidovorax anthurii sp. nov., a new phytopathogenic bacterium which causes bacterial leaf-spot of anthurium. | the bacterial leaf-spot of anthurium emerged during the 1980s, in the french west indies and trinidad. this new bacterial disease is presently wide spread and constitutes a serious limiting factor for commercial anthurium production. twenty-nine strains isolated from leaf-spots of naturally infected anthurium were characterized and compared with reference strains belonging to the comamonadaceae family, the genera ralstonia and burkholderia, and representative fluorescent pseudomonads. from artif ... | 2000 | 10826809 |
| isolation of a gene from burkholderia cepacia is-16 encoding a protein that facilitates phosphatase activity. | a genomic library from burkholderia cepacia is-16 was constructed in escherichia coli by partial sau3ai digestion of the chromosomal dna, with the plasmid vector bluescript sk. this library was screened for clones able to grow as green stained colonies on selective medium developed for detecting phosphatase-positive colonies. three green-stained clones (pfs1, pfs2, and pfs3) carried recombinant plasmids harboring dna inserts of 5.0, 8.0, and 0.9 kb, respectively. dna hybridization experiments de ... | 2000 | 10827277 |
| burkholderia uboniae sp. nov., l-arabinose-assimilating but different from burkholderia thailandensis and burkholderia vietnamiensis. | a polar multitrichous gram-negative motile rod, ey 3383, originally identified as burkholderia thailandensis, revealed a dna-dna reassociation rate of 36.7%, under stringent conditions, with the type strain of b. thailandensis, despite the 16s rdna homology value between two type strains being as high as 97.9%. the strain was clearly differentiated from the type strain of b. thailandensis by physiological, bio-chemical, and nutritional characteristics, without significant difference in cellular ... | 2000 | 10832977 |
| cepacia syndrome occurring following prolonged colonisation with burkholderia cepacia. | | 2000 | 10833131 |
| a burkholderia strain living inside the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus gigaspora margarita possesses the vacb gene, which is involved in host cell colonization by bacteria. | the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus gigaspora margarita harbors a resident population of endosymbiontic burkholderia in its cytoplasm. nothing is known about the acquisition of such bacteria and about the molecular bases which allow colonization of the fungus. we wondered whether the intracellular burkholderia strain possesses genetic determinants involved in colonization of a eukaryotic cell. using degenerated oligonucleotide primers for vacb, a gene involved in host cell colonization by pat ... | 2000 | 10833226 |
| bacteraemia caused by non-glucose-fermenting gram-negative bacilli and aeromonas species in patients with haematological malignancies and solid tumours. | the clinical characteristics and outcome of bacteraemia caused by non-glucose-fermenting gram-negative bacilli and aeromonas spp. were examined in 115 adults with haematological malignancies or solid tumours. the most aggressive pathogens were pseudomonas aeruginosa, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, aeromonas spp., acinetobacter spp. and burkholderia cepacia, all of which caused either septic syndrome or pneumonia in more than 40% of cases. pseudomonas aeruginosa was involved less often in catheter ... | 2000 | 10834826 |
| comparative fatty acid selectivity of lipases in esterification reactions with glycerol and diol analogues in organic media. | reaction selectivity of pseudomonas cepacia, rhizomucor miehei, and candida antarctica b lipases was assessed in multicompetitive esterification reaction mixtures containing an homologous series of n-chain even carbon number fatty acid (fa; c4-c18) substrates and a single alcohol cosubstrate (glycerol, 1,2-propanediol (1,2-pd), or 1, 3-propanediol (1,3-pd)) in tert-butyl methyl ether at water activity of 0.69 or 0.90 and a reaction temperature of 35 degrees c. for p. cepacia lipase, the ordinal ... | 2000 | 10835238 |
| comparison of efficacy of ciprofloxacin and doxycycline against experimental melioidosis and glanders. | melioidosis and glanders are caused by the closely related species burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia mallei, respectively. whereas melioidosis is a significant cause of morbidity in south-east asia, glanders is extremely rare. the efficacies of ciprofloxacin and doxycycline were assessed against a strain of b. pseudomallei and a strain of b. mallei which were susceptible to both antimicrobials in vitro. porton outbred mice and syrian hamsters were given 40 mg/kg of either doxycycline or ... | 2000 | 10837435 |
| antibody response to burkholderia cepacia in patients with cystic fibrosis colonized with burkholderia cepacia and pseudomonas aeruginosa. | this study was designed to determine the relationship between formation of serum antibodies to lipopolysaccharide (lps) core antigen of burkholderia cepacia and pulmonary colonization with b. cepacia and pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf), and to define if an enhanced host humoral immune response to b. cepacia was related to a poor clinical outcome. | 2000 | 10841094 |
| the nramp proteins of salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli are selective manganese transporters involved in the response to reactive oxygen. | nramps (natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins) have been characterized in mammals as divalent transition metal transporters involved in iron metabolism and host resistance to certain pathogens. the mechanism of pathogen resistance is proposed to involve sequestration of fe2+ and mn2+, cofactors of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic catalases and superoxide dismutases, not only to protect the macrophage against its own generation of reactive oxygen species, but to deny the cations to the ... | 2000 | 10844693 |
| chronic granulomatous disease. report on a national registry of 368 patients. | a registry of united states residents with chronic granulomatous disease (cgd) was established in 1993 in order to estimate the minimum incidence of this uncommon primary immunodeficiency disease and characterize its epidemiologic and clinical features. to date, 368 patients have been registered; 259 have the x-linked recessive form of cgd, 81 have 1 of the autosomal recessive forms, and in 28 the mode of inheritance is unknown. the minimum estimate of birth rate is between 1/200,000 and 1/250,0 ... | 2000 | 10844935 |
| [the outlook for the development of live vaccines for the prevention of melioidosis]. | the effectiveness of immunization with burkholderia pseudomallei attenuated strains (pur and ts), heterologous vaccines and the recombinant culture of francisella tularensis rm2 carrying a plasmid with fragments of b. pseudomallei chromosome was studied in four species of experimental animals, essentially differing in their sensitivity to melioidosis. the most immunogenic b. pseudomallei mutants, introduced subcutaneously, created a statistically significant level of protection in animals, moder ... | 1999 | 10851991 |
| comparison of methods for assessing synergic antibiotic interactions. | twenty-five combined microtitre chequerboard/time kill curves were performed on ten isolates from patients with relapsing infection to assess the potential for combination therapy. the isolates were burkholderia cepacia, staphylococcus aureus and klebsiella pneumoniae. no antagonism (fic index or fbc index >4) was observed with any combination. synergy by time kill curve (present in 21 combinations) was more often seen at 24 h than 2 or 5 h (p<0.001). on comparing the mean of the fic and fbc ind ... | 2000 | 10854808 |
| the cxc chemokines gamma interferon (ifn-gamma)-inducible protein 10 and monokine induced by ifn-gamma are released during severe melioidosis. | gamma interferon (ifn-gamma)-inducible protein 10 (ip-10) and monokine induced by ifn-gamma (mig) are related cxc chemokines which bind to the cxcr3 receptor and specifically target activated t lymphocytes and natural killer (nk) cells. the production of ip-10 and mig by various cell types in vitro is strongly dependent on ifn-gamma. to determine whether ip-10 and mig are released during bacterial infection in humans, we measured plasma levels of ip-10 and mig in patients with melioidosis, a sev ... | 2000 | 10858199 |
| misidentification of burkholderia cepacia in us cystic fibrosis treatment centers: an analysis of 1,051 recent sputum isolates. | burkholderia cepacia remains a significant pathogen in persons with cystic fibrosis (cf). the medical and psychosocial consequences of pulmonary colonization with this bacterium are enormous. however, b cepacia may be frequently misidentified from cf sputum culture. study objectives: to determine the rate of misidentification of b cepacia recently recovered from cf sputum culture of persons receiving care in us treatment centers. | 2000 | 10858399 |
| role of the lipase-specific foldase of burkholderia glumae as a steric chaperone. | most lipases of gram-negative bacteria require a lipase-specific foldase (lif) in order to fold in the periplasm into their active, protease-resistant conformation prior to their secretion. the periplasmic domain of the lif (amino acids 44-353) of burkholderia glumae was purified as a his-tagged protein, and its function in the folding of lipase was studied in vitro. refolding of the denatured lipase into its active conformation was dependent on the presence of the lif. circular dichroism reveal ... | 2000 | 10859310 |
| pathology of melioidosis in captive marine mammals. | | 2000 | 10860161 |
| sequence analysis of bacterial dna in the colon and stomach of the tyrolean iceman. | the male human body found in an alpine glacier on september 19, 1991 ("tyrolean iceman") has, for the first time in history, given scientists a chance to perform detailed anatomical, histological, and molecular investigations on the organs of a person from the neolithic age (5350-5100 b.p.). in the present study, tissue samples aseptically taken from the stomach and the colon of the mummy were utilized for dna extraction, and the dna was pcr-amplified, using primer pairs designed to bind to frag ... | 2000 | 10861348 |
| an unusual cause of pneumonia. | | 2000 | 10863811 |
| computer simulations of enantioselective ester hydrolyses catalyzed by pseudomonas cepacia lipase. | on the basis of the x-ray crystal structure of the lipase from pseudomonas cepacia (pcl)-an enzyme representative for a whole family of pseudomonas lipases (lipase ps, sam-2, ak 10, and others with a high degree of homology with pcl)-a computational study was performed to rationalize both the enantioselectivity and substrate specificity (tolerance) displayed by this lipase in the enantioselective hydrolysis of racemic esters 1a-12a from various secondary aromatic alcohols. the major goal of this ... | 2000 | 10864749 |
| differential binding of mannose-binding lectin to respiratory pathogens in cystic fibrosis. | we have found that mannose-binding lectin binds to burkholderia cepacia, an important pathogen in patients with cystic fibrosis, and leads to complement activation, but that this is not the case for pseudomonas aeruginosa, the more common colonising organism in this disease. we suggest that patients with cystic fibrosis with mannose-binding-lectin deficiency will be at particular risk of b cepacia colonisation. | 2000 | 10866448 |
| degradation of anaerobic reductive dechlorination products of aroclor 1242 by four aerobic bacteria. | we studied the aerobic degradation of eight pcb congeners which comprise from 70 to 85% of the anaerobic dechlorination products from aroclor 1242, including 2-, 4-, 2,4-, 2,6-, 2,2'-, 2,4'-, 2,2', 4-, and 2,4,4'-chlorobiphenyl (cb), and the biodegradation of their mixtures designed to simulate anaerobic dechlorination profiles m and c. strains comamonas testosteroni vp44 and rhodococcus erythreus ny05 preferentially oxidized a para-substituted ring, while rhodococcus sp. rha1, similar to well k ... | 1999 | 10870552 |
| the novel insertion sequences is1417, is1418, and is1419 from burkholderia glumae and their strain distribution. | three insertion sequences, is1417, is1418, and is1419, were isolated from burkholderia glumae (formerly pseudomonas glumae), a gram-negative rice pathogenic bacterium, on the basis of their abilities to activate the expression of the neo gene of the entrap vector pshi1063. the 1335-bp is1417 element with 17-bp imperfect terminal inverted repeats was found to be flanked by 5-bp direct repeats of the vector sequence. is1418 is 865 bp in length and carries 15-bp inverted repeats with a target dupli ... | 2000 | 10873526 |
| an outbreak of burkholderia cepacia bacteremia in hemodialysis patients: an epidemiologic and molecular study. | the risk of blood stream infections increases in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. outbreaks of infection are usually caused by contamination of the water supply, water treatment, distribution system, or dialyzer reprocessing. we report an outbreak of subclavian catheter-related burkholderia cepacia bacteremia in nine patients undergoing hemodialysis. using randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis, the bacterial isolates were clonally identical to burkholderia cepacia isolated ... | 2000 | 10873892 |
| [mobilization of a cryptic plasmid from the melioidosis pathogen in heterologous species of microorganisms]. | cryptic plasmids with different molecular weights have been detected in b. pseudomallei strains. mobilization of b. pseudomallei plasmid dna in heterologous b. mallei species was performed by the conjugate plasmid rp1::tn10. possibility of detecting phenotypical characteristics of plasmids and behavior of b. pseudomallei non-chromosomal replicons in b. mallei have been determined. | 2000 | 10876767 |
| [the enzyme-antienzyme interactions of a number of burkholderia pseudomallei hydrolases with monoclonal immunoglobulins]. | phosphatase, phospholipase c and a proteolytic complex, including casein- and hemoglobin-hydrolases, have been isolated from cell-free extracts of b. pseudomallei cultivation medium. a set of monoclonal antibodies (mcab) to the antigenic complexes of this infective agent has been obtained. conditions for the study of the interaction of the enzymes and mcab have been worked out, and most of the 14 immunoglobulins under study have been shown to neutralize 2-3 hydrolases each. three types of mcab, ... | 1999 | 10876843 |
| [the characteristics of the enzyme systems in the causative agent of melioidosis]. | | 1999 | 10876871 |
| effect of model sorptive phases on phenanthrene biodegradation: molecular analysis of enrichments and isolates suggests selection based on bioavailability. | reduced bioavailability of nonpolar contaminants due to sorption to natural organic matter is an important factor controlling biodegradation of pollutants in the environment. we established enrichment cultures in which solid organic phases were used to reduce phenanthrene bioavailability to different degrees (r. j. grosser, m. friedrich, d. m. ward, and w. p. inskeep, appl. environ. microbiol. 66:2695-2702, 2000). bacteria enriched and isolated from contaminated soils under these conditions were ... | 2000 | 10877758 |
| influence of chlorine substituents on rates of oxidation of chlorinated biphenyls by the biphenyl dioxygenase of burkholderia sp. strain lb400. | biphenyl dioxygenase from burkholderia (pseudomonas) sp. strain lb400 catalyzes the first reaction of a pathway for the degradation of biphenyl and a broad range of chlorinated biphenyls (cbs). the effect of chlorine substituents on catalysis was determined by measuring the specific activity of the enzyme with biphenyl and 18 congeners. the catalytic oxygenase component was purified and incubated with individual cbs in the presence of electron transport proteins and cofactors that were required ... | 2000 | 10877788 |
| occurrence and multiple antibiotic resistance profiles of non-fermentative gram-negative microflora in five brands of non-carbonated french bottled spring water. | five brands of french bottled mineral water were analyzed by heterotrophic plate counts (hpc) and for the presence of multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria. hpc at 22 degrees c were around 10(4) colony forming units ml(-1) on r2a medium. enumeration on pca/10, mh, and especially pca and king b media was less efficient. at 37 degrees c, hpc were two to three orders of magnitude less than at 22 degrees c. moreover, phenotypic diversity (7 to 15 phenotypes) was optimal on r2a incubated at 22 degre ... | 2000 | 10882437 |
| soluble granzymes are released during human endotoxemia and in patients with severe infection due to gram-negative bacteria. | extracellular release of granzymes is considered to reflect the involvement of cytotoxic t lymphocytes and nk cells in various disease states. to obtain insight into granzyme release during bacterial infection, granzyme levels were measured during experimental human endotoxemia and in patients with melioidosis, a severe infection due to gram-negative bacteria. plasma concentrations of granzyme a (gra) and grb increased transiently after endotoxin administration, peaking after 2-6 h. in patients ... | 2000 | 10882599 |
| susceptibility of multiresistant strains of burkholderia cepacia to honey. | twenty strains of burkholderia cepacia, isolated principally from the sputum of cystic fibrosis patients, were tested for their susceptibility to eight antibiotics with a modified kirby-bauer disc diffusion technique. all strains exhibited multiple but not identical patterns of antibiotic resistance. the sensitivity of all strains to honey was assessed with an agar dilution method. all strains exhibited susceptibility to concentrations of honey below 6% (v/v). this suggests that honey may have a ... | 2000 | 10886608 |
| diffuse lamellar keratitis related to endotoxins released from sterilizer reservoir biofilms. | to investigate the risk factors and control mechanisms used to control the outbreak of diffuse lamellar keratitis (dlk) associated with laser in situ keratomileusis (lasik) and examine the relationship between dlk and endotoxins released from sterilizer biofilm reservoirs. | 2000 | 10889090 |
| structural study of the exopolysaccharide produced by a clinical isolate of burkholderia cepacia. | the primary structure of the exopolysaccharide produced by a clinical isolate of the bacterium burkholderia cepacia was studied by means of methylation analysis, selective degradation, nmr spectroscopy, and electrospray mass spectrometry. the resulting data showed that the parent repeating unit of the exopolysaccharide is a highly branched heptasaccharide with the following structure: two acetyl groups are present per repeating unit, as noncarbohydrate substituents. | 2000 | 10891376 |
| sensitivity of the burkholderia cepacia complex and pseudomonas aeruginosa to transducing bacteriophages. | burkholderia cepacia is now recognised as a life-threatening pathogen among several groups of immunocompromised patients. in this context, the proposed large-scale use of these bacteria in agriculture has increased the need for a better understanding of the genetics of the species forming the b. cepacia complex. until now, little information has been available on the bacteriophages of the b. cepacia complex. transducing phages, named ns1 and ns2, were derived from the lysogenic b. cepacia strain ... | 2000 | 10891654 |
| stereoselectivity of pseudomonas cepacia lipase toward secondary alcohols: a quantitative model. | the lipase from pseudomonas cepacia represents a widely applied catalyst for highly enantioselective resolution of chiral secondary alcohols. while its stereopreference is determined predominantly by the substrate structure, stereoselectivity depends on atomic details of interactions between substrate and lipase. thirty secondary alcohols with published e values using p. cepacia lipase in hydrolysis or esterification reactions were selected, and models of their octanoic acid esters were docked t ... | 2000 | 10892799 |
| pregnancy in cystic fibrosis. fetal and maternal outcome. | to assess the effect of pregnancy on pulmonary function and survival in women with cystic fibrosis (cf) and to assess the fetal outcome. | 2000 | 10893364 |
| improving lipase enantioselectivity in organic solvents by forming substrate salts with chiral agents. | we recently demonstrated (j am chem soc 121:3334-3340, 1999) that enzymatic enantioselectivity in organic solvents can be markedly enhanced by temporarily enlarging the substrate via salt formation. in the present study, this approach was expanded by finding that, in addition to its size, the stereochemistry of the counterion can greatly affect the enantioselectivity enhancement. for example, the enantioselectivity [e = (k(cat)/k(m))(s)/(k(cat)/k(m))(r)] of crystalline pseudomonas cepacia lipase ... | 2000 | 10898867 |
| bacterial response to photocatalytic degradation of 6-chlorovanillin. | the oxidation of a 186 ppm 6-chlorovanillin solution was performed using impregnated tio2 glass rings in a 1 l photochemical reactor. fifty per cent degradation was obtained after 60 min with recirculation of the solution. then, oxidised samples were submitted under aerobic conditions to bacterial degradation in the pseudomonas paucimobilis (s37) and burkholderia cepacia (pzk). both selected aerobic bacteria degrade more efficiently the photocatalysed samples, being pzk strain better than s37. a ... | 2000 | 10901256 |
| diabetic ketoacidosis and melioidosis in a child. | a case of 5 year old diabetic girl with melioidosis was reported. she presented with the symptoms and signs of intraabdominal infection, septicemia and diabetic ketoacidosis. abdominal ultrasonography showed multiple splenic and liver abscesses, melioidosis was suspected. hemoculture and pus culture yielded burkholderia pseudomallei which was susceptible to ceftazidime and cotrimoxazole. correction of fluid and electrolyte combined with insulin therapy and proper antibiotics resulted in a good o ... | 1997 | 10904572 |
| infection control in cystic fibrosis: methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and the burkholderia cepacia complex. | | 2000 | 10911818 |
| more on the relationship between cystic fibrosis and venous thrombosis. | | 2000 | 10914947 |
| induction of stress shock proteins dnak and groel by phenoxyherbicide 2,4-d in burkholderia sp. yk-2 isolated from rice field. | the purpose of this work was to investigate the induction of stress shock proteins in burkholderia sp. yk-2 in response to the phenoxyherbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d). the stress shock proteins, which contribute to the resistance of the cytotoxic effect of 2,4-d, were induced at different 2,4-d concentrations in exponentially growing cultures of burkholderia sp. yk-2. this response involved the induction of a 43-kda dnak and 41-kda groel proteins, characterized by sds-page and we ... | 2000 | 10919396 |
| identification of the dimerization domain of dehalogenase iva of burkholderia cepacia mba4. | haloacid dehalogenases are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolytic removal of halogens from haloalkanoic acids. dehalogenase iva (dehiva) from burkholderia cepacia mba4 and dehalogenase ci (dehci) from pseudomonas sp. strain cbs3 exhibit 68% identity. despite their similarity dehiva is a dimeric enzyme while dehci is a monomer. in this work, we describe the identification of the domain that confers the dimerization function of dehiva. recombinant dna molecules were constructed by fusion of the resp ... | 2000 | 10919767 |
| comparison of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid degradation and plasmid transfer in soil resulting from bioaugmentation with two different pjp4 donors. | a pilot field study was conducted to assess the impact of bioaugmentation with two plasmid pjp4-bearing microorganisms: the natural host, ralstonia eutropha jmp134, and a laboratory-generated strain amenable to donor counterselection, escherichia coli d11. the r. eutropha strain contained chromosomal genes necessary for mineralization of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d), while the e. coli strain did not. the soil system was contaminated with 2,4-d alone or was cocontaminated with 2,4-d and ... | 2000 | 10919798 |
| identification of members of the burkholderia cepacia complex by species-specific pcr. | definitive identification of the species in the burkholderia cepacia complex by routine clinical microbiology methods is difficult. phenotypic tests to identify b. multivorans and b. vietnamiensis have been established; more recent work indicates b. stabilis may also be identified by growth characteristics and biochemical tests. however, attempts to identify genomovars i and iii have, thus far, proved unsuccessful. previously, we demonstrated the utility of two primer pairs, directed to the rrna ... | 2000 | 10921959 |
| utility of commercial systems for identification of burkholderia cepacia complex from cystic fibrosis sputum culture. | performances of several commercial test systems were reviewed to determine their relative levels of accuracy in identifying burkholderia cepacia complex isolates recovered from cystic fibrosis sputum culture. positive predictive values ranged from 71 to 98%; negative predictive values ranged from 50 to 82%. all systems misidentified b. cepacia complex. the species most frequently misidentified as b. cepacia was burkholderia gladioli. these data support the results of previous studies that recomm ... | 2000 | 10921992 |
| laboratory-acquired human glanders--maryland, may 2000. | on may 5, 2000, the baltimore city health department was notified by hospital infection-control staff of a serious systemic febrile illness in a microbiologist whose research at the u.s. army medical research institute of infectious diseases (usamriid) involved several pathogenic bacteria, including burkholderia mallei, the causative agent of glanders. this report summarizes the first human case of glanders in the united states since 1945, and emphasizes the importance of considering occupationa ... | 2000 | 10923853 |
| kinetics of biodegradation of p-nitrophenol by different bacteria. | three bacterial species, i.e., ralstonia sp. sj98, arthrobacter protophormiae rkj100, and burkholderia cepacia rkj200, have been examined for their efficiency and kinetics behavior toward pnp degradation. all the three bacteria utilized pnp as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. the rates of radiolabeled [u-(14)c]pnp degradation by all the bacteria were higher in the nitrogen-free medium compared to the medium with nitrogen. the apparent k(m) values of pnp degradation by sj98, rkj10 ... | 2000 | 10924328 |
| isolations of enteric pathogens from synanthropic flies trapped in downtown kuala lumpur. | four species of synanthropic flies were trapped in downtown kuala lumpur: chrysomya megacephala, chrysomya rufifacies, musca domestica, and musca sorbens. burkholderia pseudomallei, the organism causing melioidosis, was the dominant bacteria isolated from chrysomya megacephala. klebsiella oxytoca, commonly associated with nosocomial infections, was commonly isolated from chrysomya megacephala, musca domestica, and musca sorbens. aeromonas hydrophila, the bacteria causing gastroenteritis, was pre ... | 2000 | 10925800 |
| [the role of capsule formation in burkholderia mallei for its persistence in vivo]. | when studied in vivo (in guinea pigs) with the use of electron microscopy, b. mallei (strains c-5, 10230) were found to form a capsule. in the subacute course of infection, the encapsulated forms of b. mallei parasitized mainly in the cells of the system of mononuclear phagocytes in the liver, the spleen and the lungs. the capsule formed by b. mallei was shown to be one of the factors facilitating its persistence in the body. | 2000 | 10925882 |
| epidemiology of arabinose assimilation in burkholderia pseudomallei isolated from patients and soil in thailand. | burkholderia pseudomallei is an environmental saprophyte that has been isolated widely from soil in southeast asia and the relationship between environmental contamination and clinical melioidosis has been established. it has been shown that the arabinose assimilation property of b. pseudonrallei is probably one of the determinants indicating virulence of this organism. therefore, the distribution of arabinose assimilation biotypes of b. pseudomallei collected from four geographic regions of tha ... | 1999 | 10928371 |
| genotypic and phenotypic relationship in burkholderia pseudomallei indicates colonization with closely related isolates. | seven isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei from cases of melioidosis in human (2 isolates) and animal (2 isolates), cat (one isolate) and from soil samples (2 isolates) were examined for in vitro sensitivity to 14 antimicrobial agents and for presence of plasmid dna. randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was used to type the isolates, using two arbitrary primers. all isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol, kanamycin, carbenicillin, rifampicin, enrofloxacin, tetracycline and sul ... | 1999 | 10928372 |
| pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic evaluation of ceftazidime continuous infusion vs intermittent bolus injection in septicaemic melioidosis. | experimental studies have suggested that constant intravenous infusion would be preferable to conventional intermittent bolus administration of beta-lactam antibiotics for serious gram-negative infections. severe melioidosis (burkholderia pseudomallei infection) carries a mortality over 40% despite treatment with high dose ceftazidime. the aim of this study was to measure the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of continuous infusion of ceftazidime vs intermittent bolus dosing in septica ... | 2000 | 10930972 |
| clinical and environmental isolates of burkholderia cepacia exhibit differential cytotoxicity towards macrophages and mast cells. | burkholderia cepacia is an emerging opportunistic pathogen that causes fatal infections in patients suffering from cystic fibrosis (cf) and chronic granulomatous disease. various environmental isolates of b. cepacia are, however, capable of degrading environmental pollutants, such as trichloroethylene, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-t), etc., and are also highly effective in controlling plant diseases caused by nematodes and fungi. such strains have therefore been proposed for environm ... | 2000 | 10931297 |
| bacterial vaginosis a "broad overview". | bacterial vaginosis (bv) was first reported in 1995 by gardner and dukes, who described the unique clinical signs and symptoms and the distinctive nature of the vaginal discharge associated with it. they also described a "new" causative organism, which they named "haemophilus vaginalis", subsequently renamed gardnerella vaginalis. bv is currently the most prevalent cause of infectious vaginitis among women attending for genitourinary diseases. bv has a complex microbiology. lactobacillus populat ... | 1999 | 10932748 |
| clinical features associated with a delayed diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. | the majority of patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) are diagnosed in the first decade of life. in a small number of patients, the diagnosis is not made until later. | 2000 | 10940794 |
| recovery of burkholderia pseudomallei and b. cepacia from drinking water. | samples of drinking water were examined in order to evaluate the occurrence of two gram-negative bacteria: burkholderia pseudomallei and b. cepacia. a total of 85 samples were collected from public and private buildings in the province of bologna (italy). other bacteriological indicators (heterotrophic plate count at 22 and 36 degrees c) were also examined, together with physical and chemical parameters (temperature, ph, residual chlorine, total hardness and chemical oxygen demand (cod)). high l ... | 2000 | 10946840 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei induces cell fusion and actin-associated membrane protrusion: a possible mechanism for cell-to-cell spreading. | burkholderia pseudomallei, a facultative intracellular bacterium, is the causative agent of a broad spectrum of diseases collectively known as melioidosis. its ability to survive inside phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells and to induce multinucleated giant cell (mngc) formation has been demonstrated. this study was designed to assess a possible mechanism(s) leading to this cellular change, using virulent and nonvirulent strains of b. pseudomallei to infect both phagocytic and nonphagocytic cell l ... | 2000 | 10948167 |
| enhancing the enantioselectivity of lipase in transesterification by substrate matching: an enzyme memory based approach. | the substrate matching strategy is described as a new approach for effectively enhancing the lipase enantioselectivity in organic solvent. in the lipase-catalyzed transesterifications of 3a-c, higher enantioselectivities have been achieved using 1a-c, respectively, as the structurally matched acyl donors. | 2000 | 10956545 |
| [bacterial infections and resistance to antibiotics in cystic fibrosis]. | knowledge of the microbiology of pulmonary infections is critical for treatment of cystic fibrosis because sickness and mortality in this disease are mainly due to relapse occurring in the respiratory tract. the microbiology of pulmonary infections presents several singular aspects. respiratory tract infections are caused by bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus in the early years of life and pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia cepacia thereafter. the patients, who are not immune compromise ... | 1999 | 10963010 |
| a broad-host-range plasmid for isolating mobile genetic elements in gram-negative bacteria. | plasmid pgbg1 was constructed to isolate mobile genetic elements in a wide variety of gram-negative bacteria. the mutation target, carried on a broad-host-range vector, allows positive selection for tetracycline resistance. in tests using several gram-negative bacteria we could detect transposition events of either insertion sequences or transposons. a new insertion sequence (is) element was identified in ralstonia eutropha. | 2000 | 10964631 |
| toluene-degrading bacteria are chemotactic towards the environmental pollutants benzene, toluene, and trichloroethylene. | the bioremediation of polluted groundwater and toxic waste sites requires that bacteria come into close physical contact with pollutants. this can be accomplished by chemotaxis. five motile strains of bacteria that use five different pathways to degrade toluene were tested for their ability to detect and swim towards this pollutant. three of the five strains (pseudomonas putida f1, ralstonia pickettii pko1, and burkholderia cepacia g4) were attracted to toluene. in each case, the response was de ... | 2000 | 10966434 |
| identification and characteristics of a novel burkholderia strain with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. | a burkholderia strain isolated from soil is capable of inhibiting the growth of bacteria, plant-pathogenic fungi, pathogenic yeasts, and protozoa. inhibition does not involve cell contact or the presence of living cells, suggesting that at least a substantial portion of the antimicrobial activity is due to the excretion of extracellular compounds. | 2000 | 10966443 |
| in-vitro susceptibility of burkholderia pseudomallei to cefoperazone-sulbactam combination. | melioidosis is endemic in malaysia. emerging resistance with new and current antimicrobial agents has underscored the need to look further for new antimicrobial agents for the treatment of melioidosis. hence, we evaluated the in-vitro susceptibility of fifty locally isolated strains of burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis to cefoperazone-sulbactam combination using the method of nccls. all the fifty strains tested were susceptible in-vitro to cefoperazone-sulbactam. the ... | 1997 | 10968074 |
| dna-based diagnostic approaches for identification of burkholderia cepacia complex, burkholderia vietnamiensis, burkholderia multivorans, burkholderia stabilis, and burkholderia cepacia genomovars i and iii. | bacteria of the burkholderia cepacia complex consist of five discrete genomic species, including genomovars i and iii and three new species: burkholderia multivorans (formerly genomovar ii), burkholderia stabilis (formerly genomovar iv), and burkholderia vietnamiensis (formerly genomovar v). strains of all five genomovars are capable of causing opportunistic human infection, and microbiological identification of these closely related species is difficult. the 16s rrna gene (16s rdna) and reca ge ... | 2000 | 10970351 |
| characterization and mutagenesis of fur gene from burkholderia pseudomallei. | a homolog of the ferric uptake regulator gene (fur) was isolated from burkholderia pseudomallei (bp) by a reverse genetic technique. sequencing of a 2.2kb dna fragment revealed an open reading frame with extensive homology to bacterial fur proteins. the cloned gene encodes a 16kda protein that cross-reacts with a polyclonal anti-escherichia coli fur serum. the transcription start site was determined by the primer extension technique. expression analysis of fur showed no increased fur mrna levels ... | 2000 | 10974543 |
| melioidosis: acute and chronic disease, relapse and re-activation. | in melioidosis-endemic regions the importance of re-activation of burkholderia pseudomallei from latent foci remains unclear. this topic was assessed in a 10-year prospective study (1989-99) of melioidosis in the tropical north of the northern territory of australia, together with other aspects of the nature of melioidosis. incubation period from defined inoculating events was previously ascertained as 1-21 (mean 9) days. of 252 total cases 244 (97%) were considered to be from recent acquisition ... | 2000 | 10975006 |
| [the interaction between corn and burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia]. | burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia is a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria that could improve maize productivity. in this work we studied some properties of b. cepacia strain 0057 in relation to interaction with maize. spermosphere effect, chemostatic response, indolic compounds and siderophores production were evaluated. we observed inhibitory effect on bacterial growth by maize seeds and their soluble extracts. root exudates had positive chemiostatic effect. we founded indolic compounds prod ... | 1999 | 10979835 |
| rotation and restricted use of antibiotics in a medical intensive care unit. impact on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria. | to test the hypothesis that a new program of antibiotic strategy control can minimize the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) caused by potentially antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, we performed a prospective before-after study in 3, 455 patients admitted to a single intensive care unit over a 4-yr period. regarding the bacterial ecology and the increasing antimicrobial resistance in our medical intensive care unit (micu), we decided to vary our choice of empiric and therapeuti ... | 2000 | 10988092 |
| microbial dynamics in an extractive membrane bioreactor exposed to an alternating sequence of organic compounds. | wastewaters containing organic compounds have been treated using extractive membrane bioreactors (embs). during treatment, a biofilm normally develops on the surface of the membrane, on the biological side. this study investigates the dynamics of biofilm growth in an emb exposed to an alternating sequence of organic compounds. microbial dynamics of both suspended and attached cultures were investigated experimentally in a single-tube extractive membrane bioreactor (stemb), which comprised a cont ... | 2000 | 10992235 |
| is1414, an escherichia coli insertion sequence with a heat-stable enterotoxin gene embedded in a transposase-like gene. | enteroaggregative escherichia coli (eaec) heat-stable enterotoxin 1 (east1) was originally discovered in eaec but has also been associated with enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec). multiple genomic restriction fragments from each of three etec strains of human origin showed homology with an east1 gene probe. a single hybridizing fragment was detected on the plasmid of etec strain 27d that also encodes heat-stable enterotoxin ib and colonization factor antigen i. we isolated and characterized this fra ... | 2000 | 10992475 |
| molecular detection of burkholderia cepacia in toiletry, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical raw materials and finished products. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed and compared with standard methods for rapid detection of burkholderia cepacia, a major industrial contaminant, in cosmetic and pharmaceutical raw materials and finished products. artificially contaminated samples were incubated for 24 h in trypticase soy broth containing 4% tween 20 and 0.5% soy lecithin. dna was extracted from each sample using a proteinase k-tris-edta-tween 20 treatment at 35 degrees c. the extracted dna was added to ready ... | 2000 | 10995122 |
| protection of tomato seed germination from the inhibitory effect of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid by inoculation of soil with burkholderia cepacia ac1100. | the effect of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4,5-t) on the germination and seedling vigor of different crop seeds was tested. seeds of rice, maize, sorghum, finger millet, and horse gram were comparatively more tolerant to the chemical with no marked effect up to a concentration of 200 mg 2,4,5-t l(-)(1) as tested by the filter paper method. tomato and brinjal (egg plant) were highly susceptible. even at 5 and 10 mg 2,4,5-t l(-)(1), marked reduction in the germination and seedling vigor o ... | 2000 | 10995357 |
| comparison between the antimicrobial susceptibility of burkholderia pseudomallei to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole by standard disk diffusion method and by minimal inhibitory concentration determination. | melioidosis, an infection caused by burkholderia pseudomallei, usually occurs in immunocompromised patients and requires prolonged antibiotic therapy. previously, oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tm/sm), an inexpensive and effective drug has been used as a maintenance therapy. the susceptibility of b. pseudomallei to tm/sm by the standard disk diffusion method is very low. however, some patients who were treated with tm/sm as a maintenance therapy despite the in vitro resistance showed good c ... | 2000 | 10998837 |
| pseudomonas cepacia induced septic shock after propofol--a case report. | we report a healthy young female who developed septic shock and multiple organ failure soon after receiving a cosmetic surgery for augmentation of breasts under general anesthesia. blood cultures yielded the growth of pseudomonas cepacia. we describe the clinical course and investigate the causes of the septic shock. contamination of propofol, the intravenous anesthetic agent, was suspected. | 2000 | 11000665 |
| degradation of phenol and benzoic acid in a three-phase fluidized-bed reactor. | degradation of phenol and benzoic acid was studied in a fluidized-bed reactor (liquid volume 2.17 l) under nonsterile conditions with special emphasis on maximizing the flow through the reactor and investigating reactor performance at fluctuating feeds. reactor response to substrate pulses was investigated by applying substrate square-wave inputs at a liquid flow of 1.00 l h(-1). a twofold increase of the phenol and benzoic acid feed concentrations for 2.5 h did not lead to accumulation and brea ... | 2000 | 11005921 |
| modeling substrate interactions during the biodegradation of mixtures of toluene and phenol by burkholderia species js150. | the biodegradation kinetics of toluene, phenol, and a mixture of toluene and phenol by burkholderia species js150 was measured and modeled. both of these compounds can serve as the sole source of carbon and energy for this microorganism. the single-substrate biodegradation kinetics was described well using the monod model, with model constants of mu(max,t) = 0.39 h(-1) and k(s,t) = 0.011 mm for growth on toluene and mu(max,p) = 0.309 h(-1) and k(s,p) = 0.0054 mm for growth on phenol. degradation ... | 2000 | 11005925 |
| use of 16s-rrna to investigate microbial population dynamics during biodegradation of toluene and phenol by a binary culture. | interspecies interactions and changes in the rate and extent of biodegradation in mixed culture-mixed substrate studies were investigated. a binary mixed culture of pseudomonas putida f1 and burkholderia sp. js150 degraded toluene, phenol, and their mixture. both toluene and phenol can serve as sole sources of carbon and energy for both p. putida f1 and strain js150. to investigate the population dynamics of this system, a fluorescent in-situ hybridization method was chosen because of its abilit ... | 2000 | 11005926 |
| enzymes leading to the nucleotide sugar precursors for exopolysaccharide synthesis in burkholderia cepacia. | based on the chemical composition of the exopolysaccharide produced by the cystic fibrosis bacterial isolate burkholderia cepacia ist408, we postulated and confirmed, based on the specificity of enzymes detected in crude cell-free extracts, the pathway leading to the presumptive activated sugar precursors: udp-d-glucose, udp-d-galactose, udp-d-glucuronic acid, gdp-d-mannose, and gdp-d-rhamnose. results also suggest that regulation of the expression of the mucoid phenotype in b. cepacia does not ... | 2000 | 11006084 |
| detection and identification of bacterial endosymbionts in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the family gigasporaceae. | intracellular bacteria have been found previously in one isolate of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus gigaspora margarita beg 34. in this study, we extended our investigation to 11 fungal isolates obtained from different geographic areas and belonging to six different species of the family gigasporaceae. with the exception of gigaspora rosea, isolates of all of the am species harbored bacteria, and their dna could be pcr amplified with universal bacterial primers. primers specific for the e ... | 2000 | 11010905 |