Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| cloning and expression analysis of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (fshr) gene in the reproductive axis of female yaks (bos grunniens). | follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (fshr) plays a central role in promoting follicle maturation through the follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh)-mediated camp pathway in animals. the objectives of the present study were to clone the fshr gene of yaks (bos grunniens) and compare differences in fshr mrna expression in the reproductive axis between yaks and cattle. hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, oviduct, ovary, and uterus tissue samples were collected from adult female yaks (n = 5) and cattle ( ... | 2020 | 31479928 |
| first detection of neboviruses in yak (bos grunniens) and identification of a novel neboviruses based on complete genome. | neboviruses (nevs) is an important causative agent of calf diarrhea. here, 354 diarrhoeic samples were collected from yak on 55 farms in the qinghai-tibet plateau, china. 22.0% of the diarrhoeic samples were detected as nevs-positive by rt-pcr assay. phylogenetic analysis of 78 nevs rdrp fragments showed that 69 strains were closely related to nb-like strains, and the remaining 9 strains were clustered into an independent branch, which may represent a novel rdrp genotype. two complete nevs genom ... | 2019 | 31500726 |
| coenurosis of yak, bos grunniens, caused by taenia multiceps: a case report with molecular identification in qinghai tibetan plateau area, china. | coenurosis is an important zoonotic helminthic disease caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm taenia multiceps. this parasite typically infects the brain of the intermediate hosts, including sheep, goat, cattle and even humans. we report a case of t. multiceps infection in a yak confirmed by clinical symptoms, morphological characteristics, and molecular and phylogenetic analyses. the coenurus was thin-walled, whitish, and spherical in shape with a diameter of 10 cm. the parasite species was ... | 2019 | 31533410 |
| comparisons of lung and gluteus transcriptome profiles between yaks at different ages. | the yak, bos grunniens, is the only large mammal in the qinghai-tibet plateau and has been bred to provide meat, milk, and transportation. previous studies indicate that the immune system contributes to the yak's adaptation to high-altitude environments. in order to further investigate changes in immune function during yak development, we compared the transcriptome profiles of gluteus and lung tissues among yaks at 6, 30, 60, and 90 months of age. analyses of significantly differentially express ... | 2019 | 31578356 |
| yak rumen microbial diversity at different forage growth stages of an alpine meadow on the qinghai-tibet plateau. | the rumen microbiota of ruminants plays a vital role in fiber digestion, and environmental factors affect its community structure. the yak (bos grunniens) is the main livestock species that inhabits the qinghai-tibet plateau (qtp) at regions located at high-altitude of 3,000-5,000 m. this work investigated the rumen bacterial community of yak that grazed on the qtp during the whole year to evaluate the relationship between the rumen bacterial community and the nutrient composition of forage plan ... | 2019 | 31579584 |
| effects of nutritional deprivation and re-alimentation on the feed efficiency, blood biochemistry, and rumen microflora in yaks (bos grunniens). | yak suffers severe starvation and body weight reduction in the cold season and recovers relatively rapid growth in the warm season every year. herein, we investigated the effects of starvation and refeeding on the growth, feed efficiency, blood biochemistry and rumen microbial community as well as functions of yaks. the results showed that starvation significantly reduced the body weight of yaks. serum glucose and triglyceride concentrations significantly decreased, and β-hydroxybutyric acid and ... | 2019 | 31618914 |
| bacterial communities in the solid, liquid, dorsal, and ventral epithelium fractions of yak (bos grunniens) rumen. | yak (bos grunniens) is an important and dominant livestock species in the challenging environment of the qinghai-tibetan plateau. rumen microbiota of the solid, liquid, and epithelium fractions play key roles in nutrient metabolism and contribute to host adaptation in ruminants. however, there is a little knowledge of the microbiota in these rumen fractions of yak. therefore, we collected samples of solid, liquid, dorsal, and ventral epithelium fractions from five female yaks, then amplified bac ... | 2020 | 31701637 |
| a study of genomic prediction of 12 important traits in the domesticated yak (bos grunniens). | the aim of this study was to explore the possibility of applying gp to important economic traits in the domesticated yak, thus providing theoretical support for its molecular breeding. a reference population was constructed consisting of 354 polled yaks, measuring four growth traits and eight hematological traits related to resistance to disease (involved in immune response and phagocytosis). the illumina bovine hd 770k chip was used to obtain snp information of all the individuals. with these g ... | 2019 | 31703249 |
| characterization of the microbial community structure in intestinal segments of yak (bos grunniens). | yak (bos grunniens), a ruminant, has a complex gastrointestinal microbial ecosystem, which is essential for host nutrition and health. however, not much is known about gut microbial communities of yak. this study was conducted to characterize the gut microbial diversity and composition of small intestinal and cecal contents of yaks through high-throughput sequencing targeting v3-v4 hypervariable region of 16s rrna gene. a total of 916,934 high-quality sequences were obtained and 224 core operati ... | 2020 | 31711887 |
| mc1r and kit haplotypes associate with pigmentation phenotypes of north american yak (bos grunniens). | small numbers of domestic yak (bos grunniens) were imported to north america in the late 19th century indirectly from the qinghai-tibetan plateau. coat color of yak is of interest for fiber production, aesthetics, and as a potential indicator of recent hybridization with cattle. north american yak are classified into 3 major coat color patterns depending upon the presence and extent of white markings. they are further classified by nose pigmentation (black or gray). the aim of this study was to ... | 2020 | 31714577 |
| a population census of large herbivores based on uav and its effects on grazing pressure in the yellow-river-source national park, china. | using the yellow-river-source national park (yrsnp) as a study site, an unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) remote sensing and line transect method was used to investigate the number of wild herbivorous animals and livestock, including the kiang (equus kiang) and tibetan gazelle (procapra picticaudata). a downscaling algorithm was used to generate the forage yield data in yrsnp based on a 30-m spatial resolution. on this basis, we estimated the forage-livestock balance, which included both wild animal ... | 2019 | 31717940 |
| prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in free-range yaks (bos grunniens) in gansu province, northwest china. | little information about the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in yaks (bos grunniens) in northwest china is available. therefore, the objective of the study was to quantify faecal egg counts of gastrointestinal parasites (helminths and coccidia) in free-range yaks from gannan tibetan autonomous prefecture, gansu province, northwest china. | 2019 | 31730490 |
| multiple innate antibacterial immune defense elements are correlated in diverse ungulate species. | in this study, we aimed to evaluate to what extent different assays of innate immunity reveal similar patterns of variation across ungulate species. we compared several measures of innate antibacterial immune function across seven different ungulate species using blood samples obtained from captive animals maintained in a zoological park. we measured mrna expression of two receptors involved in innate pathogen detection, toll-like receptors 2 and 5 (tlr2 and 5), the bactericidal capacity of plas ... | 2019 | 31774834 |
| abnormal functions of leydig cells in crossbred cattle-yak showing infertility. | in mongolia, yak (bos grunniens) are able to live in alpine areas and their products greatly influence the lives of the local people. increased vigour in hybridized yak and cattle can offer benefits for livestock farmers. however, male hybrids show reproductive defects resulting from spermatogenesis arrest, affecting the conservation and maintenance of dominant traits in the next generation. the underlying mechanisms involved in hybrid cattle-yak infertility have recently been investigated; howe ... | 2020 | 31858644 |
| a unified str profiling system across multiple species with whole genome sequencing data. | short tandem repeats (strs) serve as genetic markers in forensic scenes due to their high polymorphism in eukaryotic genomes. a variety of strs profiling systems have been developed for species including human, dog, cat, cattle, etc. maintaining these systems simultaneously can be costly. these mammals share many high similar regions along their genomes. with the availability of the massive amount of the whole genomics data of these species, it is possible to develop a unified str profiling syst ... | 2019 | 31861983 |
| the composition of fungal communities in the rumen of gayals (bos frontalis), yaks (bos grunniens), and yunnan and tibetan yellow cattle (bos taurs). | the rumen is a microbial-rich ecosystem in which rumen fungi play an important role in the feed digestion of ruminants. the composition of rumen fungi in free-range ruminants such as gayals, yaks, tibetan yellow cattle, and the domesticated yunnan yellow cattle was investigated by sequencing an internal transcribed spacer region 1 (its1) using illumina miseq. a total of 285 092 optimized sequences and 904 operational taxonomic units (otus) were obtained from the four cattle breeds. the rumen fun ... | 2019 | 31880894 |
| the expression of histone methyltransferases and distribution of selected histone methylations in testes of yak and cattle-yak hybrid. | interspecies hybridization exists widely in nature and plays an important role in animal evolution and adaptation. it is commonly recognized that male offspring of interspecies hybrid are often sterile, which presents a crucial way of reproductive isolation. currently, the mechanisms underlying interspecies hybrid male sterility are not well understood. cattle-yak, progeny of yak (bos grunniens) and cattle (bos taurus) cross, is a unique animal model for investigating hybrid male sterility. beca ... | 2020 | 31972460 |
| yak (bos grunniens) bones collagen-derived peptides stimulate osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation via the activation of wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. | as the world's population is transitioning gradually to an ageing stage, the incidence of osteoporosis is increasing annually. yak bone is one of the major components of tibetan medicine and it has mainly been associated with an improvement in bone health, for example against osteoporosis. however, the functional bioactive ingredients and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. | 2020 | 31975417 |
| metabolomics strategy reveals the osteogenic mechanism of yak (bos grunniens) bone collagen peptides on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats. | our previous work demonstrated that yak bone collagen peptides (ybp) possessed excellent osteogenic activity in vitro. however, associations between ybp and osteoporosis were less established, and the positive effect and underlying mechanism of ybp in the treatment of osteoporotic rats in vivo remained unclear. herein, ovariectomized rats were intragastrically administered with ybp or 17β-estradiol for 12 weeks. bone turnover markers, bone biomechanical parameters and bone microarchitecture were ... | 2020 | 31993619 |
| reference gene selection and myosin heavy chain (myhc) isoform expression in muscle tissues of domestic yak (bos grunniens). | domestic yak (bos grunniens) is the most crucial livestock in the qinghai-tibetan plateau, providing meat and other necessities for local people. the skeletal muscle of adult livestock is composed of muscle fibers, and fiber composition in muscle has influence on meat qualities, such as tenderness, ph, and color. real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (rt-qpcr) is a powerful tool to evaluate the gene expression of muscle fiber, but the normalization of the data depends on the stability ... | 2020 | 32027673 |
| comparative rna-seq analysis of differentially expressed genes in the epididymides of yak and cattleyak. | cattleyak are the fl hybrids between (♀) yak (bos grunniens) and (♂) cattle (bos taurus). cattleyak exhibit higher capability in adaptability to a harsh environment and display much higher performances in production than the yak and cattle. the cattleyak, however, are females fertile but males sterile. all previous studies greatly focused on testes tissues to study the mechanism of male infer-tility in cattleyak. however, so far, no transcriptomic study has been conducted on the epididymides of ... | 2019 | 32030088 |
| toxocara vitulorum infection in a yak (bos mutus grunniens) calf from tyrol (austria). | the domestic yak bos mutus grunniens is an important livestock animal in parts of asia, especially of the himalayan region, where people rely on it for meat, wool, milk and labour. in its countries of origin, the yak is commonly infected with the ascarid toxocara vitulorum. this parasite mainly infects cattle (bos taurus) and domestic buffalo (bubalus bubalus) and is most commonly found in sub-tropical regions, but has been occasionally reported in more temperate climates, including several cent ... | 2020 | 32057397 |
| transcriptome analysis revealed key signaling networks regulating ovarian activities in the domestic yak. | domestic yaks are the most important livestock species on the qinghai-tibetan plateau. adult female yaks normally breed in warm season and enter anestrous in cold season. currently, how the ovarian activity is regulated at the molecular level remains to be determined. this study was conducted to investigate follicular development and gene expression patterns of yak ovarian tissues in the warm and cold seasons. dynamics of follicular development was evaluated based on histological analyses and gl ... | 2020 | 32092605 |
| the expression of erk1/2 in female yak (bos grunniens) reproductive organs. | the main reproductive organs undergo different histological appearances and physiological processes under different reproductive statuses. the variation of these organs depends on a delicate regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. extracellular signal-regulated kinases1/2 (erk1/2) are members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) super family. they have important roles in regulating various biological processes of different cells, tissues, and organ types. acti ... | 2020 | 32093255 |
| the sequence and de novo assembly of the wild yak genome. | vulnerable populations of wild yak (bos mutus), the wild ancestral species of domestic yak, survive in extremely cold, harsh and oxygen-poor regions of the qinghai-tibetan plateau (qtp) and adjacent high-altitude regions. in this study, we sequenced and assembled its genome de novo. in total, six different insert-size libraries were sequenced, and 662 gb of clean data were generated. the assembled wild yak genome is 2.83 gb in length, with an n50 contig size of 63.2 kb and a scaffold size of 16. ... | 2020 | 32094352 |
| a global analysis of y-str inra189 polymorphism in chinese domestic yak breeds/populations. | the objective of this study was to probe into the polymorphism of y-str inra189 and identify the geographical distribution pattern of its alleles in the chinese domestic yak gene pool. we examined the variation at inra189 locus in 682 male yaks representing 15 breeds/populations in china. the results showed that six alleles, including five reported previously (149, 155, 157, 159, and 161 bp) and a new one identified in this study (139 bp), were detected at inra189 locus based on genotyping analy ... | 2020 | 32121109 |
| insight into unique somitogenesis of yak (bos grunniens) with one additional thoracic vertebra. | the yak is a species of livestock which is crucial for local communities of the qinghai-tibet plateau and adjacent regions and naturally owns one more thoracic vertebra than cattle. recently, a sub-population of yak termed as the jinchuan yak has been identified with over half its members own a thoracolumbar vertebral formula of t15l5 instead of the natural t14l5 arrangement. the novel t15l5 positioning is a preferred genetic trait leading to enhanced meat and milk production. selective breeding ... | 2020 | 32131721 |
| promoter hypermethylation of piwi/pirna pathway genes associated with diminished pachytene pirna production in bovine hybrid male sterility. | hybrid male sterility (hms) is a postzygotic reproductive isolation mechanism that enforces speciation. a bovine example of hms is the yattle (also called dzo), an interspecies hybrid of taurine cattle (bos taurus) and yak (bos grunniens). the molecular mechanisms underlying hms of yattle are not well understood. epigenetic modifications of dna methylation and p-element induced wimpy testis (piwi)-interacting rna (pirnas) are important regulators in spermatogenesis. in this study, we investigate ... | 2020 | 32141383 |
| evolutionary adaptation of aquaporin-4 in yak (bos grunniens) brain to high-altitude hypoxia of qinghai-tibetan plateau. | background: in high-altitude animals, brain cell resilience against hypoxia stress is one critical evolutionary step that has promoted individual survival and species adaptation to the environment. aquaporin-4 (aqp4) is implicated in a number of physiopathological processes, particularly in the development of brain edema, and other functions such as the regulation of extracellular space volume, potassium buffering, waste clearance, and calcium signaling. still, the role of aqp4 in the adaptation ... | 2020 | 32155353 |
| identification and verification of differentially expressed genes in yak mammary tissue during the lactation cycle. | yaks (bos grunniens) live primarily in the qinghai-tibetan plateau (altitude: 2000-5000 m). their milk presents unusual characteristics, containing large amounts of solids including fat and protein, and it is, therefore, important to understand the genetic makeup of the yak. to identify potentially critical genes playing a role in yak mammary tissue from colostrum to mature milk phase of lactogenesis, the early lactation (colostrum) stage (els; day 1 after parturition) and mature lactation (milk ... | 2020 | 32188518 |
| characteristics and functions of the rumen microbial community of cattle-yak at different ages. | a cattle-yak, which is a hybrid between a yak (bos grunniens) and cattle (bos taurus), is an important livestock animal, but basic questions regarding its physiology and environmental adaptation remain unanswered. to address this issue, the present study examined the species composition and functional characteristics of rumen microorganisms in the cattle-yak of different ages (2 and 3 years old) by metagenomic analysis. we found that rumen microbial community composition was similar at the two a ... | 2020 | 32190661 |
| human spotted fever group rickettsia infecting yaks (bos grunniens) in the qinghai-tibetan plateau area. | the qinghai-tibetan plateau area (qtpa) is a plateau with the highest average altitude, located in northwestern china. there is a risk for interspecies disease transmission, such as spotted fever rickettsioses. however, information on the molecular characteristics of the spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsia spp. in the area is limited. this study performed screenings, and detected the dna of human pathogen, sfg rickettsia spp., with 11.3% (25/222) infection rates in yaks (bosgrunniens). blastn a ... | 2020 | 32231020 |
| continuous chromosome-scale haplotypes assembled from a single interspecies f1 hybrid of yak and cattle. | the development of trio binning as an approach for assembling diploid genomes has enabled the creation of fully haplotype-resolved reference genomes. unlike other methods of assembly for diploid genomes, this approach is enhanced, rather than hindered, by the heterozygosity of the individual sequenced. to maximize heterozygosity and simultaneously assemble reference genomes for 2 species, we applied trio binning to an interspecies f1 hybrid of yak (bos grunniens) and cattle (bos taurus), 2 speci ... | 2020 | 32242610 |
| prevalence and molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp. in yaks (bos grunniens) in naqu, china. | the intestinal protozoan specie, cryptosporidium causes serious diarrheal syndrome in humans and animals worldwide. however, limited knowledge is known about the infection caused by this specie in yaks in naqu. about 950 serum and 150 fecal samples were collected and assayed by using commercial elisa kits and npcr detection methods to find the prevalence and molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp. in yaks. results found that 103 out of 950 (10.8%) serums were uncovered against c. parv ... | 2020 | 32272216 |
| circrna expression profile during yak adipocyte differentiation and screen potential circrnas for adipocyte differentiation. | the yak (bos grunniens) is subjected to nutritional deficiency during the whole winter grazing season; deciphering the adipose metabolism and energy homeostasis under cold and nutrients stress conditions could be a novel way to understand the specific mechanism of energy metabolism. circular rnas (circrnas) have elucidated that they play a key role in many biological events, but the regulatory function of adipose development remains mostly unknown. therefore, the expression pattern of circrnas w ... | 2020 | 32290214 |
| an untargeted metabolomics investigation of jiulong yak (bos grunniens) meat by 1h-nmr. | yak represents the main meat source for tibetan people. this work aimed to investigate the metabolome of raw meat from jiulong yaks, focusing on specimens farmed and harvested locally through traditional procedures. untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1h-nmr) was selected as the analytical platform. samples from longissimus thoracis, trapezius, triceps brachii and biceps femoris muscles, with different prevalences of red and white fibers, were selected. among the fifty-three meta ... | 2020 | 32290528 |
| genome-wide analysis reveals changes in polled yak long non-coding rnas in skeletal muscle development. | long non-coding rnas (lncrnas) have been extensively studied in recent years. numerous lncrnas have been identified in mice, rats, and humans, some of which play important roles in muscle formation and development. however, little is known about lncrna regulators that affect muscle development in yak (bos grunniens). lncrna expression during skeletal muscle development in yak was analyzed by rna sequencing at three development stages: 3 years (group a), 6 months (group m), and 90-day-old fetuses ... | 2020 | 32351548 |
| the whole-transcriptome landscape of muscle and adipose tissues reveals the cerna regulation network related to intramuscular fat deposition in yak. | the intramuscular fat (imf) content in meat products, which is positively correlated with meat quality, is an important trait considered by consumers. the regulation of imf deposition is species specific. however, the imf-deposition-related mrna and non-coding rna and their regulatory network in yak (bos grunniens) remain unknown. high-throughput sequencing technology provides a powerful approach for analyzing the association between transcriptome-related differences and specific traits in anima ... | 2020 | 32381004 |
| complete genome sequence and antimicrobial activity of bacillus velezensis jt3-1, a microbial germicide isolated from yak feces. | bacillus velezensis jt3-1 was isolated from feces of the domestic yak (bos grunniens) in gansu province of china. aim to know whether b. velezensis jt3-1 has the potency to be developed as a probiotic bacterium, works on the complete genome sequence, antimicrobial activity, growth performance in calves, and treatment effect on calf diarrhea of b. velezensis jt3-1 were carried out. the results showed that the complete genome of b. velezensis jt3-1 contains one gapless circular chromosome which is ... | 2020 | 32399381 |
| expression characteristics of immune factors in secondary lymphoid organs of newborn, juvenile and adult yaks (bos grunniens). | little is known about lymphoid organ development in yaks. in this study, we characterize and evaluate the main markers of t cell, b cell, plasma cell and antigen-presenting cell in the mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen and hemal node in newborn, juvenile and adult yaks by immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. the structures of all organs were not fully developed in newborn. the cd3+ cells were mainly located in the paracortex area of the mesent ... | 2020 | 32424508 |
| genome-wide selective sweep analysis of the high-altitude adaptability of yaks by using the copy number variant. | the domestic yak (bos grunniens) from the qinghai-tibet plateau is an important animal model in high-altitude adaptation studies. here, we performed the genome-wide selective sweep analysis to identify the candidate copy number variation (cnv) for the high-altitude adaptation of yaks. a total of 531 autosomal cnvs were determined from 29 yak genome-wide resequencing data (15 high- and 14 low-altitude distributions) by using a cnv caller with a cnv identification interval > 5 kb, cnv silhouette s ... | 2020 | 32432020 |
| detection of theileria spp. in ticks, sheep keds (melophagus ovinus), and livestock in the eastern tibetan plateau, china. | theileria species, with a broad geographic distribution, infect a wide range of both domestic and wild animals and are transmitted by ixodid ticks. currently, there is no comprehensive report regarding the distribution of theileria spp. in the eastern tibetan plateau, especially in ganze tibetan autonomous prefecture (153,700 km2) and ngawa tibetan and qiang autonomous prefecture (84,242 km2) of sichuan province, china. in this study, we collected blood samples from yaks (n = 144) (bos grunniens ... | 2020 | 32556503 |
| detection and integrated analysis of lncrna and mrna relevant to plateau adaptation of yak. | known as the 'ship of the plateau', through thousands of years evolution and cruelty environments selection containing low oxygen and strong ultraviolet radiation, yaks have adapted plateau environments and supplied important goods and materials for the people in the qinghai-tibet plateau. this study aimed to identify differentially expressed (de) genes and novel long non-coding rnas (lncrnas) of yaks for the plateau adaptation and their underlying co-expression and regulatory network. we carrie ... | 2020 | 32633845 |
| effects of dietary energy levels on rumen fermentation, microbial diversity, and feed efficiency of yaks (bos grunniens). | the microbial community of the yak (bos grunniens) rumen plays an important role in surviving the harsh tibetan environment where seasonal dynamic changes in pasture cause nutrient supply imbalances, resulting in weight loss in yaks during the cold season. a better understanding of rumen microbiota under different feeding regimes is critical for exploiting the microbiota to enhance feed efficiency and growth performance. this study explored the impact of different dietary energy levels on feed e ... | 2020 | 32670204 |
| the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha in primary reproductive organs of the female yak (bos grunniens) at different reproductive stages. | the yak (bos grunniens) is the most important livestock animal in high-altitude regions owing to its prominent adaptability to cold conditions, nutritional deficiencies and hypoxia. the reproductive organs exhibit different histological appearances and physiological processes at different reproductive stages. hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (hif-1α) is the regulatory subunit of hif-1 that crucially regulates the response to hypoxia in mammalian organisms. the goal of our study was to investigat ... | 2020 | 32706432 |
| molecular characterization of tick-borne bacteria and protozoans in yaks (bos grunniens), tibetan sheep (ovis aries) and bactrian camels (camelus bactrianus) in the qinghai-tibetan plateau area, china. | due to the specific plateau climate, a variety of unique animals live in the qinghai-tibetan plateau area (qtpa) including yaks (bos grunniens), tibetan sheep (ovis aries) and bactrian camels (camelus bactrianus). however, information on tick-borne diseases (tbds) in the qtpa and on the molecular characteristics of tick-borne pathogens (tbps) in the area is limited. therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate anaplasma spp., babesia spp., theileria spp., borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato a ... | 2020 | 32723655 |
| a chromosome-scale reference genome and genome-wide genetic variations elucidate adaptation in yak. | yak is an important livestock animal for the people indigenous to the harsh, oxygen-limited qinghai-tibetan plateau and hindu-kush ranges of the himalayas. the yak genome was sequenced in 2012 but its assembly was fragmented because of the inherent limitations of the illumina sequencing technology used to analyze it. an accurate and complete reference genome is essential for the study of genetic variations in this species. long-read sequences are more complete than their short-read counterparts ... | 2020 | 32745324 |
| shrub coverage alters the rumen bacterial community of yaks (bos grunniens) grazing in alpine meadows. | proliferation of shrubs at the expense of native forage in pastures has been associated with large changes in dry-matter intake and dietary components for grazing ruminants. these changes can also affect the animals' physiology and metabolism. however, little information is available concerning the effect of pastoral-shrub grazing on the rumen bacterial community. to explore rumen bacteria composition in grazing yaks and the response of rumen bacteria to increasing shrub coverage in alpine meado ... | 2020 | 32803183 |
| population genome of the newly discovered jinchuan yak to understand its adaptive evolution in extreme environments and generation mechanism of the multirib trait. | the adaptation and diversity of animals to the extreme environments of the qinghai-tibet plateau (qtp) are typical materials to study adaptive evolution. the recently discovered jinchuan yak population has many individuals with multiple ribs. however, little is known about this yak's origin, evolution, and the genetic mechanisms that formed its unique multirib trait. here, we report a valuable population genome resource of the jinchuan yak by resequencing the whole genome of 150 individuals. pop ... | 2020 | 32822522 |
| dietary energy levels affect rumen bacterial populations that influence the intramuscular fat fatty acids of fattening yaks (bos grunniens). | the yak rumen microflora has more efficient fiber-degrading and energy-harvesting abilities than that of low-altitude cattle; however, few studies have investigated the effects of dietary energy levels on the rumen bacterial populations and the relationship between rumen bacteria and the intramuscular fatty acid profile of fattening yaks. in this study, thirty yaks were randomly assigned to three groups. each group received one of the three isonitrogenous diets with low (3.72 mj/kg), medium (4.5 ... | 2020 | 32842565 |
| effect of concentrate supplementation on the expression profile of mirna in the ovaries of yak during non-breeding season. | yak (bos grunniens) is an important and remarkable livestock species that survives in the challenging environment of the qinghai-tibetan plateau. however, its growth rate is slower and reproductive potential is generally lower than cattle. meanwhile, it has been reported that enhanced nutrition improves the reproductive efficiency of animals. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of concentrate supplementation on the mirna expression profile in the ovaries of yak during the non ... | 2020 | 32933085 |
| estrogen improves the development of yak (bos grunniens) oocytes by targeting cumulus expansion and levels of oocyte-secreted factors during in vitro maturation. | the estrogen-signalling pathway is critical for normal follicular development; however, little is known about its importance during in vitro maturation (ivm) in large animals, particularly yaks (bos grunniens). through the present study, we aimed to determine the mechanisms underlying estrogen involvement in cumulus expansion and the subsequent development of cumulus-oocyte complexes (cocs). cocs were cultured in the maturation medium supplemented with different concentrations (10-6-10-3 mm) of ... | 2020 | 32941516 |
| comparing the gastrointestinal barrier function between growth-retarded and normal yaks on the qinghai-tibetan plateau. | yak (bos grunniens) is an ancient bovine species on the qinghai-tibetan plateau. due to extremely harsh condition in the plateau, the growth retardation of yaks commonly exist, which can reduce the incomes of herdsman. the gastrointestinal barrier function plays a vital role in the absorption of nutrients and healthy growth. functional deficiencies of the gastrointestinal barrier may be one of the contributors for yaks with growth retardation. | 2020 | 32953274 |
| isolation and characterization of a new fusaricidin-type antibiotic produced by paenibacillus bovis sp. nov bd3526. | paenibacillus bovis sp. nov bd3526, isolated from raw yak (bos grunniens) milk, was able to produce antibacterial substances against micrococcus luteus. the antibacterial substances produced by the strain bd3526 in 3% (w/v) wheat bran broth under aerobic conditions were precipitated from the cultivated broth with ammonium sulfate at 60% saturation. two antibacterial compounds were obtained by sephadex lh-20 chromatography and semi-preparative reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography ... | 2020 | 33044619 |
| exploration of the effects of altitude change on bacteria and fungi in the rumen of yak (bos grunniens). | the yak (bos grunniens) is a ruminant animal with strong regional adaptability. however, little is known about the adaptation of the rumen microbial community of yaks at different altitudes and the adaptation mechanism of the host and intestinal microorganisms to the habitat. we investigated the adaptability of the rumen microorganisms of yaks at high and low altitudes. we also compared and analyzed the abundance and diversity of core microorganisms and those that varied between different animal ... | 2020 | 33070234 |
| methylome and transcriptome profiles in three yak tissues revealed that dna methylation and the transcription factor zgpat co-regulate milk production. | domestic yaks play an indispensable role in sustaining the livelihood of tibetans and other ethnic groups on the qinghai-tibetan plateau (qtp), by providing milk and meat. they have evolved numerous physiological adaptations to high-altitude environment, including strong blood oxygen transportation capabilities and high metabolism. the roles of dna methylation and gene expression in milk production and high-altitudes adaptation need further exploration. | 2020 | 33081725 |
| whole-genome resequencing provides insights into the evolution and divergence of the native domestic yaks of the qinghai-tibet plateau. | on the qinghai-tibet plateau, known as the roof ridge of the world, the yak is a precious cattle species that has been indispensable to the human beings living in this high-altitude area. however, the origin of domestication, dispersal route, and the divergence of domestic yaks from different areas are poorly understood. | 2020 | 33109104 |
| improvement of fermentation quality and cellulose convertibility of napier grass silage by inoculation of cellulolytic bacteria from tibetan yak (bos grunniens). | to isolate and identify cellulolytic bacteria from yak rumen and further evaluate the effects of the isolates on the silage quality, structural carbohydrates degradation, and cellulose convertibility of napier grass silage methods and results: two out of 218 strains were selected based on their most extensive transparent zone and the highest filter paper disintegration rate. the two isolates (jfl12 and jf85) could grow normally at15-55°c, ph 3.0-7.0 and nacl (3.0, 6.5%), and were identified as e ... | 2020 | 33128833 |
| using triallelic snps for determining parentage in north american yak ( bos grunniens) and estimating cattle ( b. taurus) introgression. | background: genetic testing for pedigree accuracy is critical for managing genetic diversity in north american (na) yak ( bos grunniens), a population expanded mostly from imported zoological park specimens. dna testing also enhances species conservation by identifying recent b. taurus f1 hybrid ancestors (within three generations). biallelic single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) can accomplish either task, but increases the marker count and costs necessary to achieve both. our aim was to id ... | 2020 | 33163159 |