Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| colony-stimulating factor 2 enhances the developmental competence of yak (poephagus grunniens) preimplantation embryos by modulating the expression of heat shock protein 70 kda 1a. | colony-stimulating factor 2 (csf2) is known to promote the development and survival of rodents and ruminants preimplantation embryos; however, the effect of csf2 on yak embryos has not been reported. the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of csf2 on the developmental competence of yak embryos cultured in vitro in modified synthetic oviduct fluid (msof) medium and on the expression pattern of heat shock protein 70 kda 1a (hspa1a). in each experiment, cumulus-oocyte complexes ( ... | 2017 | 28257862 |
| the genome sequence of the wisent (bison bonasus). | the wisent, also known as the european bison, was rescued from extinction approximately 80 years ago through the conservation of 12 individuals. here, we present the draft genome sequence of a male wisent individual descended from this founding stock. | 2017 | 28327911 |
| molecular characterization of hypoderma spp. in domestic ruminants from turkey and pakistan. | the aim of this study was to determine the morphological and molecular characterization of hypoderma spp. in cattle and yak from different provinces of turkey and pakistan. for this purpose, a total of 78 larvae were collected from different provinces of turkey and pakistan from october (2015) to january (2016) from slaughtered animals. thirty eight out of 78 hypoderma larvae were morphologically classified as third instar larvae (l3) of hypoderma bovis, 37 were hypoderma lineatum and 3 were cla ... | 2017 | 28398110 |
| characterization of chiral amino acids from different milk origins using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ion-mobility mass spectrometry. | milk contains free amino acids (aas) that play essential roles in maintaining the growth and health of infants, and d-aa isomers are increasingly being recognized as important signalling molecules. however, there are no studies of the different characteristics of chiral aa (c-aa) from different milk origins. here, uplc coupled to ion-mobility high-resolution ms (im-hrms) was employed to characterize 18 pairs of c-aas in human, cow, yak, buffalo, goat, and camel milk. the results proved that milk ... | 2017 | 28393862 |
| genetic diversities of mt-nd1 and mt-nd2 genes are associated with high-altitude adaptation in yak. | tibetan yak (bos grunniens) inhabiting the qinghai-tibet plateau (qtp) where the average altitude is 4000 m, is specially adapted to live at these altitudes. conversely, cattle (b. taurus) has been found to suffer from high-altitude hypertension or heart failure when exposed to these high altitudes. two mitochondrial genes, mt-nd1 and mt-nd2, encode two subunits of nadh dehydrogenase play an essential role in the electron transport chain of oxidative phosphorylation (oxphos). we sequenced these ... | 2017 | 28366030 |
| a molecular survey of babesia species and detection of a new babesia species by dna related to b. venatorum from white yaks in tianzhu, china. | bovine babesiosis is a tick-transmitted disease caused by different species of babesia. the white yak is a unique yak breed that lives only in tianzhu in the tibetan autonomous county, gansu province, in northwestern china. previous research using the elisa method has confirmed that the white yak could become infected with b. bigemina. the objective of this study was the molecular detection and identification of babesia species in white yaks. a total of 409 white yak blood samples were collected ... | 2017 | 28352260 |
| genetic diversity of atp8 and atp6 genes is associated with high-altitude adaptation in yak. | atp synthase 8 (atp8) and atpase synthase 6 (atp6) play an important role in mitochondrial atpase assembly. mutations in either of these units could affect the atp processing and the respiration chain in mitochondria. to find out if there were differences in gene diversity between tibetan yaks and domestic cattle, we sequenced the atp8 and atp6 genes in 66 tibetan yaks and 81 domestic cattle. we identified 20 snps in the atp8 gene and 60 snps in the atp6 gene. ten snps detected in atp8 were prob ... | 2017 | 28306370 |
| genetic assessment of leech species from yak (bos grunniens) in the tract of northeast india. | yak is an iconic symbol of tibet and high altitudes of northeast india. it is highly cherished for milk, meat, and skin. however, yaks suffer drastic change in milk production, weight loss, etc, when infested by parasites. among them, infestation by leeches is a serious problem in the himalayan belt of northeast india. the parasite feeds on blood externally or from body orifices, like nasopharynx, oral, rectum, etc. but there has been limited data about the leech species infesting the yak in tha ... | 2017 | 28290215 |
| assessment of ruminal bacterial and archaeal community structure in yak (bos grunniens). | the aim of this study was to determine the microbial community composition in the rumen of yaks under different feeding regimes. microbial communities were assessed by sequencing bacterial and archaeal 16s ribosomal rna gene fragments obtained from yaks (bos grunniens) from qinghai-tibetan plateau, china. samples were obtained from 14 animals allocated to either pasture grazing (graze), a grazing and supplementary feeding regime (gsf), or an indoor feeding regime (feed). the predominant bacteria ... | 2017 | 28223980 |
| dynamic changes of yak (bos grunniens) gut microbiota during growth revealed by pcr-dgge and metagenomics. | to understand the dynamic structure, function, and influence on nutrient metabolism in hosts, it was crucial to assess the genetic potential of gut microbial community in yaks of different ages. | 2017 | 28183172 |
| protein and mrna expression of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor and luteinizing hormone receptor during the oestrus in the yak (bos grunniens). | follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) and luteinizing hormone (lh) have a central role in follicle growth, maturation and oestrus, but no clear pathway in the seasonal oestrus of yak (bos grunniens) has been found. to better understand the role of fsh and lh in seasonal oestrus in the yak, six yaks were slaughtered while in oestrus, and the pineal gland, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads were collected. using real-time pcr and immunohistochemical assays, we determined the mrna and protein e ... | 2017 | 28181328 |
| whole-genome analysis of introgressive hybridization and characterization of the bovine legacy of mongolian yaks. | the yak is remarkable for its adaptation to high altitude and occupies a central place in the economies of the mountainous regions of asia. at lower elevations, it is common to hybridize yaks with cattle to combine the yak's hardiness with the productivity of cattle. hybrid males are sterile, however, preventing the establishment of stable hybrid populations, but not a limited introgression after backcrossing several generations of female hybrids to male yaks. here we inferred bovine haplotypes ... | 2017 | 28135247 |
| lower methane emissions from yak compared with cattle in rusitec fermenters. | globally methane (ch4) emissions from ruminant livestock account for 29% of total ch4 emissions. inherited variation about ch4 emissions of different animal species might provide new opportunity for manipulating ch4 production. six rumen-simulating fermenters (rusitec) were set up for this study lasting for 16 d. the diet consisted of forage to concentrate ratio of 50:50 with barley straw as the forage. treated vessels were supplied with rumen fluid from yak or cattle (3 vessels per animal speci ... | 2017 | 28076447 |
| does yik yak promote risky health behavior on college campuses? | this study offers an analysis of how healthy and risky behaviors are discussed on an emerging social media platform. we sought to understand what behaviors are communicated and if they are encouraged or discouraged. we completed a content analysis of messages (n = 3,776) posted to yik yak captured three times a day on 4 days of the week across two separate weeks. we analyzed messages to determine the category of the behavior, an appraisal of the behavior, and normative voting feedback. our resul ... | 2017 | 28059553 |
| development and validation of a universal primer pair for the simultaneous detection of eight animal species. | in the present study, we developed a novel simplex pcr assay for the simultaneous detection of eight animal species, including goat, sheep, deer, buffalo, cattle, yak, pig and camel. a unique pair of universal primers was designed to target mitochondrial dna variable regions in the eight animal species, generating, 787, 763, 563, 512, 507, 491, 455 and 385bp long fragments for goat, sheep, deer, buffalo, cattle, yak, pig and camel, respectively. the assay showed no cross-reactivity with other co ... | 2017 | 27979274 |
| differences in proteomic profiles of milk fat globule membrane in yak and cow milk. | milk fat globule membrane (mfgm) is an important milk component which is rich in bioactive proteins. in this work, the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (itraq) proteomic approach was used to investigate the differences in the mfgm proteins between yak and cow milk. over 450 proteins were identified between the yak and cow mfgm. the mfgm proteins with significant differences were compared based on the relative abundance. proteins such as glycosylation-dependent cell adhesion m ... | 2017 | 27979168 |
| evolutionary dynamics of meiotic recombination hotspots regulator prdm9 in bovids. | hybrid sterility or reproductive isolation in mammals has been attributed to allelic incompatibilities in a dna-binding protein prdm9. not only is prdm9 exceptional in being the only known 'speciation gene' in vertebrates, but it is also considered to be the fastest evolving gene in the genome. the terminal zinc finger (zf) domain of prdm9 specifies genome-wide meiotic recombination hotspot locations in mammals. intriguingly, prdm9 zf domain is highly variable between as well as within species, ... | 2017 | 27744561 |
| sequence based structural characterization and genetic diversity analysis of full length tlr4 cds in crossbred and indigenous cattle. | the exploration of candidate genes for immune response in cattle may be vital for improving our understanding regarding the species specific response to pathogens. toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4) is mostly involved in protection against the deleterious effects of gram negative pathogens. approximately 2.6 kb long cdna sequence of tlr4 gene covering the entire coding region was characterized in two indian milk cattle (vrindavani and tharparkar). the phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the bovine tlr ... | 2017 | 27715456 |
| status of tick infections among semi-wild cattle in arunachal pradesh, india. | to explore the seasonal prevalence of tick infections in mithun (bos frontalis) and yak (b. grunniens) a study was conducted in papum pare district, kurung-kumey district and west kameng district of arunachal pradesh, india from december 2012 to november 2014. adult ticks were collected from both the animals during the month of december 2012 to november 2014. ectoparasites were identified on the basis of their morpho-anatomical features observed through light microscope. a total of nine differen ... | 2017 | 27614479 |
| seroprevalence investigation of bovine ephemeral fever in yaks in tibetan plateau of china from 2012 to 2015. | bovine ephemeral fever (bef) is caused by the arthropod-borne bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv), which is classified in family rhabdoviridae and genus ephemerovirus. however, it is still unclear whether yaks from the tibetan plateau of china are exposed to befv. it is the first time that a survey was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of befv infection in yaks (bos grunniens) on the tibetan plateau of china. a total of 1123 serum samples were collected randomly from yaks from 2012 to ... | 2017 | 27722831 |
| phylogeny of anaerobic fungi (phylum neocallimastigomycota), with contributions from yak in china. | the phylum neocallimastigomycota contains eight genera (about 20 species) of strictly anaerobic fungi. the evolutionary relationships of these genera are uncertain due to insufficient sequence data to infer their phylogenies. based on morphology and molecular phylogeny, thirteen isolates obtained from yak faeces and rumen digesta in china were assigned to neocallimastix frontalis (nine isolates), orpinomyces joyonii (two isolates) and caecomyces sp. (two isolates), respectively. the phylogenetic ... | 2017 | 27734254 |
| detection of giardia duodenalis assemblage e infections at the tibetan plateau area: yaks are suitable hosts. | the prevalence of giardia duodenalis (g. duodenalis) assemblages in yaks is poorly known. the present study examined 297 fecal samples from weaned yak, 4-7 months of age, from 3 different farms, in tibetan plateau area (tpa) of the qinghai province in western china. the prevalence of infection was determined by light and immunofluorescence microscopy, and nested-pcr. pcr was performed for the small subunit ribosomal rna (ssu) amplified 16 positive for g. duodenalis products. the prevalence of gi ... | 2017 | 28209552 |
| molecular characterization and expression profile of the melatonin receptor mt1 in the ovary of tianzhu white yak (bos grunniens). | melatonin plays crucial roles in a wide range of ovarian physiological functions via the melatonin receptors (mrs). structure and function of mrs have been well studied in sheep, cattle, and humans, but little information exists on the genetic characterization and function of these receptors in the ovary of the white yak. in the present study, the melatonin receptor mt1 was cloned by rt-pcr in the ovary of white yak; the mt1 cdna fragment obtained (843bp) comprised an open reading frame (827bp) ... | 2017 | 26482006 |
| ethnomedicinal plants used by yak herders for management of health disorders. | the aim of the study was to document the indigenous ethno-botanical knowledge of the transhumant nomads of mustang, nepal, a representative settlement in the himalayan highland. | 2017 | 26649231 |
| comparative analysis of testis transcriptomes associated with male infertility in cattleyak. | cattleyak exhibit equivalent adaptability to harsh environment as yak and much higher performances than yak. however, male infertility of cattleyak due to spermatogenic arrest greatly restricts their effective utilization in yak breeding. although much work has been done to investigate the mechanisms of spermatogenic arrest, there is little information available in regard to the differences in transcriptomic profiling between cattleyak and yak testes. in this work, histologic observation indicat ... | 2017 | 27865410 |
| physicochemical and functional properties of gelatin extracted from yak skin. | different molecular weight distribution (mwd) gelatin was extracted from yak skin after enzymatic pretreatments and their physicochemical and functional properties (sds-page, uv-vis absorption spectra, dsc, ft-ir, amino acid analysis, afm, emulsibility and foamability) were analyzed. the gelatin was extracted by pepsin and got different mwd of yak skin gelatin by controlling the enzymolysis time. the sds-page showed the mwd of the yak skin gelatin. the uv-vis absorption turned out that the broad ... | 2017 | 27838417 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors of fascioliasis in yaks, bos grunniens, from three counties of gansu province, china. | the aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of fascioliasis in yaks, bos grunniens, from 3 counties of gansu province in china. a total of 1,584 serum samples, including 974 samples from white yaks from tianzhu, 464 from black yaks from maqu, and 146 from black yaks from luqu county, were collected and analyzed using elisa to detect igg antibodies against fasciola hepatica. the overall f. hepatica seroprevalence was 28.7% (454/1,584), with 29.2% in white yaks (284/ ... | 2017 | 28285513 |
| key sources and seasonal dynamics of greenhouse gas fluxes from yak grazing systems on the qinghai-tibetan plateau. | greenhouse gas (ghg) emissions from livestock grazing systems are contributing to global warming. to examine the influence of yak grazing systems on ghg fluxes and relationships between ghg fluxes and environmental factors, we measured carbon dioxide (co2), methane (ch4) and nitrous oxide (n2o) fluxes over three key seasons in 2012 and 2013 from a range of potential sources, including: alpine meadows, dung patches, manure heaps and yak night pens, on the qinghai-tibetan plateau. we also estimate ... | 2017 | 28106070 |
| insulin-like growth factor i enhances the developmental competence of yak embryos by modulating aquaporin 3. | the objective of our present study was to determine the effects of insulin-like growth factor i (igf-i) on the development of yak (bos grunniens) embryos after cumulus-oocyte complex (coc) vitrification and warming followed by in vitro fertilization (ivf). in experiment 1, the yak cocs underwent vitrification and then ivf. embryos were incubated in synthetic oviductal fluid (sof) supplemented with four concentrations (0, 50, 100 and 200 ng/ml) of igf-i, while the yak cocs without vitrification o ... | 2017 | 28512855 |
| the histological characteristics, age-related thickness change of skin, and expression of the hsps in the skin during hair cycle in yak (bos grunniens). | this experiment was conducted to study the histological characteristics, age-related thickness changes, and expression of hsps in the skin of yak. | 2017 | 28463974 |
| cloning of hsp90, expression and localization of hsp70/90 in different tissues including lactating/non-lactating yak (bos grunniens) breast tissue. | the aim of this study is to investigate the expression and localization of hsp70/90 in different tissues and explore the regulation effects of hsp70/90 at lactation period of female yaks. hsp90 mrna was cloned from the heart samples of female yaks, quantitative real-time (qrt-pcr), western blotting (wb), immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays were utilized to analyze the expressions of hsp70/90 mrna and protein in different tissues. sequence analysis showed that hsp90 is a conserved ... | 2017 | 28715410 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors for bovine brucellosis in domestic yaks (bos grunniens) in tibet, china. | a cross-sectional study was conducted in three counties (damxung, maizhokunggar and yadong) in tibet in april and may 2015. a total of 1,523 yaks owned by 181 herders were randomly selected and blood sampled. sera were tested using the rose bengal test (rbt) and a competitive immune-enzymatic assay (c-elisa) and the test results interpreted in parallel. the individual yak prevalence was 2.8% (95% ci 2.0-3.7) with a herd prevalence of 18.2% (95% ci 12.9-24.6). at the individual level, two predict ... | 2017 | 28624927 |
| assessing transhumance corridors on high mountain environments by least cost path analysis: the case of yak herds in gilgit-baltistan, pakistan. | mountain environments in the world host highly specialized flora and fauna which are vulnerable because of land use and climate change. transhumance and other land use traditional practices are present in most of the mountains of the world, and management tools able to cope with new socioeconomic settings and environmental changes are urgently needed. during past centuries, yak (bos grunniens) herding in northern pakistan involved the migration of herds to high mountain international rangelands, ... | 2017 | 28884253 |
| bcl-2/bax protein and mrna expression in yak (bos grunniens) placentomes. | placental function is complex and influenced by various factors; furthermore, it depends on a delicate balance between cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell death. bcl-2 and bax proteins are key apoptosis regulators and are considered to play an important role in the maintenance of both dynamic balance and integrity of many tissues. changes in bcl-2 and bax expressions have been described during different developmental stages in normal human placentas. studies furthermore indicated ... | 2017 | 28806624 |
| age-related changes in the morphology and the distribution of iga and igg in the palatine tonsils of yaks (bos grunniens). | this study aimed to describe the age-related morphological changes and the distribution of iga and igg antibody-secreting cells (ascs) in yaks. the palatine tonsils of twenty clinically healthy yaks, viz. newborn juvenile, adult and aged, were studied using histology, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the results showed that the palatine tonsils found in two tonsillar sinus were elongated kidney-shaped structures. some external crypts and internal crypts were p ... | 2017 | 29239471 |
| molecular epidemiology and characterization of bovine leukemia virus in domestic yaks (bos grunniens) on the qinghai-tibet plateau, china. | bovine leukemia virus (blv) is a member of the genus deltaretrovirus of the family retroviridae and cause a chronic lymphosarcoma, which is extensive in cattle. in yaks (bos grunniens), the distribution, strains and genetic characteristics of blv have rarely been studied. the aim of our study was to investigate blv infections in domestic yaks and determine the genetic variability of blv circulating in a region of the qinghai tibet plateau, china. blood samples were collected from 798 yaks, which ... | 2017 | 29224130 |
| epidemiological investigation and risk factors of echinococcus granulosus in yaks (bos grunniens), tibetan pigs and tibetans on qinghai tibetan plateau. | echinococcus granulosus (e. granulosus) is a diverse zoonotic parasite and causes cystic echinococcosis (ce) disease in humans and livestock. however, scare information is available about the epidemic situation of e. granulosus infection in yaks, tibetan pigs and native tibetans on the qinghai tibetan plateau. therefore, a study was carried out to find prevalence and risk factors of e. granulosus in yaks, tibetan pigs and tibetans. serum samples from yaks (1371), tibetan pigs (454) and tibetans ... | 2017 | 28624512 |
| detection of enterocytozoon bieneusi in white yaks in gansu province, china. | enterocytozoon bieneusi, the most common zoonotic pathogen of microsporidiosis, has been found in various animals and humans, but no information is available concerning the prevalence and genotypes of e. bieneusi in white yaks (bos grunniens). in the present study, 353 faecal samples from white yaks in tianzhu tibetan autonomous county, gansu province, northwestern china, were collected and examined by pcr amplification of the internal transcribed spacer gene to estimate e. bieneusi prevalence a ... | 2017 | 28676859 |
| prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and integron gene cassettes in escherichia coli isolated from yaks (poephagus grunniens) in aba tibetan autonomous prefecture, china. | escherichia coli (e. coli) is one of the most relevant opportunistic pathogenic bacteria as it may cause severe morbidity and mortality in yaks (poephagus grunniens). in recent years, several kinds of antibiotics have been widely used in tibetan areas to treat the bacterial diseases, resulting in serious repercussions on the bacterial antibiotic resistance in yaks. this investigation was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and integron gene cassettes in e. ... | 2017 | 28888884 |
| effects of zinc supplementation during in vitro maturation on meiotic maturation of oocytes and developmental capacity in yak. | zinc (zn) is an essential trace element that is required during mammalian developmental processes. the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of zn supplementation during in vitro maturation (ivm) on the developmental capacity of yak (bos grunniens) oocytes. cumulus expansion, nuclear maturation, intracellular glutathione (gsh), reactive oxygen species (ros) levels, superoxide dismutase (sod) activity, subsequent embryonic development, and the expression of zn transporters (znts) ... | 2017 | 29247445 |
| prevalence and molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp. and giardia duodenalis in 1-2-month-old highland yaks in qinghai province, china. | cryptosporidium and giardia are ubiquitous parasites that infect humans and animals. few reports are available on the prevalence of these two protozoan parasites in yaks (bos grunniens). in this study, 344 faecal samples were collected from yaks with diarrhoea in the chenduo and nangqian counties of qinghai province, china. cryptosporidium spp. and giardia duodenalis were detected by light and immunofluorescence microscopy and nested pcr (npcr). fifteen samples were positive (4.5%) by kinyoun st ... | 2018 | 29680940 |
| microrna-200a regulates adipocyte differentiation in the domestic yak bos grunniens. | the domestic yak (bos grunniens) is a culturally important animal that lives at high altitude and is farmed by tibetan herders for its meat, milk, and other animal by-products. within the animal, adipose tissue is an important store and source of energy and is used to maintain adequate body temperature during the extended cold seasons. exploring the biomolecular role of micrornas (mirnas) in the regulation of growth, development, and metabolism of yak adipocytes may provide valuable insights int ... | 2018 | 29374521 |
| genetic diversity, molecular phylogeny and selection evidence of jinchuan yak revealed by whole-genome resequencing. | jinchuan yak, a newly discovered yak breed, not only possesses a large proportion of multi-ribs but also exhibits many good characteristics, such as high meat production, milk yield and reproductive performance. however, information about their overall genetic structure, relationship with yaks in other areas, and possible origins and evolutionary processes is limited. in this study, 7,693,689 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified by resequencing the genome of jinchuan yak. ... | 2018 | 29339406 |
| multiplex assay for identifying animal species found in the tibetan area using the mitochondrial 12s rrna gene. | southwestern china has an area with unique natural conditions located in alpine regions at altitudes from 2000 to 5000 m; this area is referred to as the qinghai-tibetan plateau (qtp). unique animals, such as yaks (bos grunniens), are found extensively on the plateau of southwestern china due to its unique environment. in recent years, the prevalence of fake meat products such as fake jerky has increased in this area. this research was conducted as an attempt to develop a reliable multiplex poly ... | 2018 | 28799826 |
| isolation and characterization of spermatogenic cells from cattle, yak and cattleyak. | cattleyak forms the first generation in the cross-breeding of cattle (bos taurus) and yak (bos grunniens), the purpose of which is to increase the yak's performance in meat and milk production. the female cattleyak is fertile while the male remains sterile due to spermatogenic arrest. the spermatogenic cells (including spermatogonia and spermatocytes) of cattle, yak and cattleyak have not been successfully isolated so far. in this work, spermatogenic cells were isolated from these bovid species ... | 2018 | 29685708 |
| aspiration pneumonia in two tibetan yak bulls ( bos grunniens) as a complication of ketamine-xylazine-butorphanol anesthesia for recumbent castration. | among members of the genus bos, aspiration pneumonia has been described in domestic cattle ( bos taurus and bos indicus). in these species, aspiration pneumonia is most commonly a sequelae to oral administration of fluids or medications, as well as aspiration during procedures under anesthesia. management of aspiration pneumonia secondary to complications from anesthesia for short duration surgical procedures is minimally reported in the tibetan yak ( bos grunniens). although regurgitation under ... | 2018 | 29517446 |
| selenium supplementation during in vitro maturation enhances meiosis and developmental capacity of yak oocytes. | the objectives of the present study were to investigate the effects of selenium (se) supplementation during in vitro maturation (ivm) on the developmental capacity of yak (bos grunniens) oocytes. nuclear maturation, dna integrity, glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px) activity, subsequent embryonic development, and gene expression after in vitro fertilization (ivf) were evaluated. the se concentrations in yak plasma and follicular fluid were 0.142 and 0.069 μg/ml, respectively. the dna damage in cumul ... | 2018 | 29034614 |
| identification and diversity of y-chromosome haplotypes in qinghai yak populations. | the aim of the present study was to perform a preliminary analysis of the characterization and diversity of y-chromosome haplotypes/haplogroups in yak of qinghai province, china. a total of 322 male yaks from nine populations belonging to three officially recognized breeds (gaoyuan, huanhu and datong) were sampled. animals were genotyped using six previously reported y-snps present in the sry, usp9y, uty, amely and ofd1y genes and four new y-snps in the ofd1y gene (g.569a>c, g.578a>c, g.608g>t a ... | 2018 | 30229981 |
| comparative itraq proteomics revealed proteins associated with horn development in yak. | the practice of dehorning yak raises animal safety concerns, which have been addressed by selective breeding to obtain genetically hornless yak. the polled locus in yak has been studied extensively; however, little is known regarding the proteins that regulate horn bud development. | 2018 | 30061793 |
| molecular cloning and expression of ghrelin in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gastrointestinal tract axis of the yak (bos grunniens) in the qinghai-tibetan plateau. | ghrelin is a very important brain-gut peptide that modulates appetite and energy metabolism in mammals. the yak is the only large mammal that can adapt to the cold temperatures and hypoxia conditions present in the qinghai-tibet plateau. however, there are no reports on ghrelin molecular characterization and expression in the hypothalamus-pituitary-digestive tract axis of the yak to date. in this study, the coding region sequence of the yak ghrelin, containing a complete orf (351) encoding for 1 ... | 2018 | 30178622 |
| copy number variations of klf6 modulate gene transcription and growth traits in chinese datong yak (bos grunniens). | copy number variation (cnv) is a significant marker of the genetic and phenotypic diversity among individuals that accounts for complex quantitative traits of phenotype and diseases via modulating gene dosage and disrupting coding regions in the genome. biochemically, kruppel-like factor 6 (klf6) genes plays a significant role in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation and muscle development. the aim of this study was to detect the distributions of klf6 copy number variations (c ... | 2018 | 30134528 |
| population genetic variations of the mmp3 gene revealed hypoxia adaptation in domesticated yaks (bos grunniens). | as an iconic symbol of qinghai-tibetan plateau and of high altitude, yak is subjected to hypoxic conditions that challenge aerobic metabolism. matrix metalloproteinases-3 (mmp3) is assumed to be a key target gene of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (hif-1α) that function as a master regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia. therefore, the aim of this investigation was to identify the dna polymorphism of mmp3 gene in domestic yak and to explore its possible association with high-altitude adaptati ... | 2018 | 30381735 |
| short communication: characterization of gene expression profiles related to yak milk protein synthesis during the lactation cycle. | this research assessed the gene expression patterns related to the synthesis of milk in yak, which is characterized by high fat and protein content but low yield. the yak (bos grunniens) is one of the most crucial domestic animals in tibetan life; however, the genetic and molecular factors underlying yak milk protein synthesis remain understudied. yak mammary biopsies harvested during late-pregnancy (d -15) through the end of subsequent lactation (d 1, 15, 30, 60, 180, and 240) were used to eval ... | 2018 | 30268611 |
| seasonal changes of rumen and intestine morphology of the qinghai yak (bos grunniens). | the aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of seasonal changes in grass quality on the ruminal and intestinal morphology of male qinghai yaks. | 2018 | 30250374 |
| survivin expression and localization in different organs of yaks (bos grunniens). | yaks (bos grunniens) have special physiological structures that help them adapt to high-altitude environments. survivin is actively studied in cancer tissues, but less in normal tissues. therefore, the aim of the present study was to analysis the relationship between survivin expression and apoptosis rate in yaks. a partial gene sequence of survivin was cloned and characterized using bioinformatics. the expression of survivin was investigated using real-time quantitative pcr (rt-qpcr) and wester ... | 2018 | 30077795 |
| accumulation of deleterious mutations in the domestic yak genome. | deleterious mutations play an important functional role, affecting trait phenotypes in ways that decrease the fitness of organisms. estimating the frequency of occurrence and abundance has been a topic of much interest, especially in crops and livestock. the processes of domestication and breeding allow deleterious mutations to persist at high frequency, and identifying such deleterious mutations is particularly important for breed improvement. here, we assessed genome-wide patterns of deleterio ... | 2018 | 30062694 |
| transcriptomic analysis reveals that enterovirus f strain swun-ab001 infection activates jnk/sapk and p38 mapk signaling pathways in mdbk cells. | enteroviruses (picornaviridae family) have been widely detected in the feces from cattle with diarrhea. however, the mechanisms responsible for the pathogenicity of enteroviruses in cattle remain unclear. recently, we isolated a novel ev-f7 strain called swun-ab001 from diarrheal yak (bos grunniens) feces. to explore the pathogenic mechanisms of this novel virus, we used a transcriptomics approach to find genes with differential expression patterns in madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk) cells durin ... | 2018 | 30545363 |
| evaluation of 17 microsatellite markers for parentage testing and individual identification of domestic yak (bos grunniens). | yak (bos grunniens) is the most important domestic animal for people living at high altitudes. yak ordinarily feed by grazing, and this behavior impacts the accuracy of the pedigree record because it is difficult to control mating in grazing yak. this study aimed to evaluate the pedigree system and individual identification in polled yak. | 2018 | 30473935 |
| chuzan virus in yaks, qinghai-tibetan plateau, china. | we detected chuzan virus (chuv) in domestic yaks from the qinghai-tibetan plateau, western china, indicating chuv probably has been transmitted to yaks in recent years. awareness for chuv surveillance and transmission and livestock health management in these special regions should be raised to avoid outbreaks and animal loss. | 2018 | 30457543 |
| cryosurvival and pregnancy rates: one-step protocol for freezing-thawing shangri-la yak (bos grunniens) embryos. | the yak is one of the most important and economically useful animals for highlanders. the decline in the yak population requires effective measures for the conservation and multiplication of elite germplasm. a standardized protocol will simplify the freezing and warming of yak embryos in straw and facilitate embryo transfer. in this work, we investigated a one-step protocol that uses a stable basal medium, which comprised a warming medium (1.08 m sucrose) and a freezing medium (efs40). we also a ... | 2018 | 29962058 |
| effects of estradiol and progesterone on secretion of epidermal growth factor and insulin-like growth factor-1 in cultured yak endometrial epithelial cells. | we isolated and purified yak (bos grunniens) endometrial epithelial cells and assayed different concentrations of estradiol (e2) and progesterone (p4) with respect to secretion of epidermal growth factor (egf) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (igf-1). uterine epithelia were confirmed with feulgen staining, karyotype analysis, and immunohistochemistry. then, cells were treated with e2 and p4 and cultured in serum-free medium for 24 h. egf and igf-1 were measured with immunofluorescence, real-time ... | 2018 | 29857825 |
| characterization of transcriptional complexity during pre-implantation development of the yak (bos grunniens) using rna-seq. | the objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism that regulates pre-implantation development of the yak (bos grunniens). we determined the transcriptomes of in vitro-produced yak embryos at two-cell, four-cell, eight-cell stages, and morula and blastocyst using the illumina rna-seq for the first time. we obtained 47.36-50.86 million clean reads for each stage, of which, 85.65%-90.02% reads were covered in the reference genome. a total of 17,368 genes were expressed during the two-cel ... | 2018 | 29582471 |
| characterization of enterococcus faecalis jf85 and enterococcus faecium y83 isolated from tibetan yak (bos grunniens) for ensiling pennisetum sinese. | two bacteria strains with cellulolytic potential isolated from tibetan yak (bos grunniens) rumen were identified as enterococcus faecalis (jf85) and enterococcus faecium (y83). isolates grow well within a range of temperature 15 to 55 °c and ph 3.0-7.0, respectively. two strains were inoculated with or without lactobacillus plantarum (lp) to pennisetum sinese silage for 90 days. all inoculants increased lactic acid content, decreased ph and lignocellulose contents compared with silage without ad ... | 2018 | 29486409 |
| prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in free-range yaks (bos grunniens) in gansu province, northwest china. | little information about the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in yaks (bos grunniens) in northwest china is available. therefore, the objective of the study was to quantify faecal egg counts of gastrointestinal parasites (helminths and coccidia) in free-range yaks from gannan tibetan autonomous prefecture, gansu province, northwest china. | 2019 | 31730490 |
| a study of genomic prediction of 12 important traits in the domesticated yak (bos grunniens). | the aim of this study was to explore the possibility of applying gp to important economic traits in the domesticated yak, thus providing theoretical support for its molecular breeding. a reference population was constructed consisting of 354 polled yaks, measuring four growth traits and eight hematological traits related to resistance to disease (involved in immune response and phagocytosis). the illumina bovine hd 770k chip was used to obtain snp information of all the individuals. with these g ... | 2019 | 31703249 |
| first detection of bovine coronavirus in yak (bos grunniens) and a bovine coronavirus genome with a recombinant he gene. | the yak (bosgrunniens) is a unique domestic bovine species that plays an indispensable role for herdsmen in the qinghai-tibet plateau. here, 336 diarrhoeic samples were collected from yaks on 29 farms in the qinghai-tibet plateau from 2015 to 2017. approximately 69.05 % (232/336) of the diarrhoeic samples were assessed as bovine coronavirus (bcov)-positive by rt-pcr assay, and most of the detected strains showed a unique evolution based on 40 spike (s), nucleocapsid (n) and haemagglutinin-estera ... | 2019 | 30932810 |
| molecular typing of cryptosporidium species identified in fecal samples of yaks ( bos grunniens) of qinghai province, china. | the frequency of cryptosporidium infection in yaks from qinghai province, people's republic of china, was determined from examination of 1,027 fecal samples collected from 979 adult yaks and 48 yak calves during 4 seasons from 7 geographic areas within the province. pcr amplification of extracted dna was used to characterize the different species of cryptosporidium oocysts isolated by fecal examination. twenty-six (2.53%) positive samples were identified and successfully sequenced: 17 cryptospor ... | 2019 | 30835169 |
| characterization of yak common biofluids metabolome by means of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic profiles of yak (bos grunniens) serum, feces, and urine by using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹h-nmr), to serve as a reference guide for the healthy yak milieu. a total of 108 metabolites, giving information about diet, protein digestion, and energy generation or gut-microbial co-metabolism, were assigned across the three biological matrices. a core metabolome of 15 metabolites was ubiquitous across all biofluids. lactate, acetate, and cr ... | 2019 | 30832316 |
| sarcosporidiosis: an emerging disease in yaks (bos grunniens) on the qinghai tibetan plateau (qtp), china. | sarcocystosis is a worldwide distributed parasitic zoonosis. however, scarce knowledge is available about the infection of sarcocystosis in yaks. | 2019 | 30778839 |
| tissue expression and variation of the dgat2 gene and its effect on carcass and meat quality traits in yak. | diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 (dgat2) plays a key role in the synthesis of animal triglycerides (tgs). this study investigated the relative expression of the dgat2 gene in tissues, variation in the gene, and its association with carcass and meat quality traits in yaks (bos grunniens). dgat2 was found to be expressed in twelve tissues investigated, but the highest expression was detected in subcutaneous fat, and moderate levels were observed in the liver, heart, longissimus dorsi muscle, and a ... | 2019 | 30769898 |
| comparison of histological characteristics and expression of cd3 and cd79a among the hemal nodes, lymph nodes and spleens of yaks (bos grunniens). | this experiment compared the histological characteristics and distribution of cd3 and cd79a among yak lymph nodes, hemal nodes and spleen. the three organs from ten clinically healthy newborn and adult yaks were studied using histology and immunohistochemistry. the yak hemal nodes, which consisted of blood sinuses, lymphoid follicles, diffuse lymphoid tissue and lymphoid cords, appeared to share the histological characteristics of the spleen and lymph nodes: the lymphoid follicles of the hemal n ... | 2019 | 30024020 |
| the transcriptomic landscape of yaks reveals molecular pathways for high altitude adaptation. | yak is one of the largest native mammalian species at the himalayas, the highest plateau area in the world with an average elevation of >4,000 m above the sea level. yak is well adapted to high altitude environment with a set of physiological features for a more efficient blood flow for oxygen delivery under hypobaric hypoxia. yet, the genetic mechanism underlying its adaptation remains elusive. we conducted a cross-tissue, cross-altitude, and cross-species study to characterize the transcriptom ... | 2019 | 30517636 |
| expression analysis of izumo1 gene during testicular development of datong yak (bos grunniens). | the izumo1 gene has promising benefits for the national development of novel non-hormonal contraceptives and in the treatments of fertility. understanding the function of izumo1, its mrna, and protein expression is critical to gain insight into spermatogenesis and promote sperm-egg fusion during reproduction of datong yak. therefore, we estimated the izumo1 gene expression in different ages of datong yak by using semi quantitative pcr, qpcr, and western blotting. the results of the qpcr, semi-qu ... | 2019 | 31146500 |
| whole-genome analysis identifying candidate genes of altitude adaptive ecological thresholds in yak populations. | the domestic yak (bos grunniens) is an iconic symbol of animal husbandry on the qinghai-tibet plateau. long-term domestication and natural selection have led to a wide distribution of yak, forming many ecological populations to adapt to the local ecological environment. high altitude is closely related to oxygen density, and it is an important environmental ecological factor for biological survival and livestock production. the aim of the present study was to perform a preliminary analysis to id ... | 2019 | 31062447 |
| first genotyping of blastocystis in yaks from qinghai province, northwestern china. | blastocystis is a common protist that can infect domestic and wild animals worldwide. yak (bos grunniens), an ancient species which can survive in alpine regions, has supplied necessities to local residents in plateau areas for generations. however, the infections with blastocystis in yaks has been ignored for a long time. in the present study, the infections and genotypes of blastocystis spp. in domestic yaks from qinghai province (northwestern china) were explored. | 2019 | 30992082 |
| proteomic analysis of tianzhu white yak (bos grunniens) testis at different sexual developmental stages. | to explore the protein expression profiles of white yak (bos grunniens) testis at different sexual developmental stages. the protein profiles of yak testis were determined using two-dimensional electrophoresis and the expression levels of 298 protein spots were analyzed. mass spectrometry was performed to identify those significantly differential expressed proteins; western blotting was used to confirm the results. during the developmental stages, 29 protein spots showed more than twofold differ ... | 2019 | 30628143 |
| age-related changes in the morphology and the distribution of iga and igg in the pharyngeal tonsils of yaks (bos grunniens). | to evaluate age-related changes in the morphology as well as the expression and localization of iga and igg in yak pharyngeal tonsils, 20 healthy yaks were divided into four age groups [newborn (1-7 days old), juvenile (5-7 months old), adult (3-6 years old) and old (7-10 years old)]. morphologic characteristics were observed by histological techniques. the expression and localization of iga and igg in pharyngeal tonsils were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and immunohistoc ... | 2019 | 30570168 |
| yak (bos grunniens) tonsils: morphological description and expression of iga and igg. | this study aimed to describe the morphology, expression of iga and igg in adult yak tonsils. the 12 clinically healthy yak tonsils [3- to 6-year old, n = 12] were examined for morphology using light, and transmission electron microscopes. expression of iga and igg was measured by qrt-pcr, elisa, and immunohistochemistry. the results showed that the palatine tonsil, the tonsil of the soft palate, and the lingual tonsil were oropharyngeal tonsils. the stratified squamous epithelia covering them ha ... | 2019 | 30365245 |
| evaluation of the economic impact of brucellosis in domestic yaks of tibet. | brucellosis is considered as an endemic disease in yaks (bos grunniens) in china, but few economic analyses describing the cost of the disease and potential benefits of control have been reported. the aim of the study was to estimate the economic cost of brucellosis in yaks and the economic value of three control strategies: (a) vaccination; (b) test-and-slaughter; and (c) a combination of vaccination and test-and-slaughter programs in damxung and maizhokunggar counties and pali township of yado ... | 2019 | 30365244 |
| large-scale production of yak (bos grunniens) chymosin a in pichia pastoris. | milk-clotting enzymes used in the dairy industry can be obtained from different sources such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. recombinant chymosin is the best alternative for the dairy industry due to the differences in physicochemical properties of coagulating enzymes and scarcity of chymosin from animal sources. in this study, glycosylated and non-glycosylated forms of yak chymosin were extracellularly produced in a methylotrophic yeast, komagataella phaffii (pichia pastoris). synthetic ... | 2019 | 30336214 |
| dietary energy levels affect growth performance through growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 in yak (bos grunniens). | the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different dietary energy levels on serum concentrations of growth hormone (gh) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (igf-1), as well as gene expression of their associated binding proteins and receptors in yak. fifteen adult male yaks with bw of 276.1 ± 3.5 kg were allotted in three dietary groups and were fed with low (le), medium (me), and high energy (he) level diet having different neg of 5.5 mj/kg, 6.2 mj/kg, 6.9 mj/kg, respectively. ... | 2019 | 30696034 |
| immunoexpression of aquaporins 1, 2, 3 and 4 in kidney of yak (bos grunniens) on the qinghai-tibetan plateau. | aquaporins (aqp) 1, 2, 3 and 4 belong to the aquaporin water channel family and play an important role in urine concentration by reabsorption of water from renal tubule fluid. renal aqps have not been reported in the yak (bos grunniens), which resides in the qinghai tibetan plateau. we investigated aqps 1-4 expressions in the kidneys of yak using immunohistochemical staining. aqp1 was expressed mainly in the basolateral and apical membranes of the proximal tubules and descending thin limb of the ... | 2019 | 30328721 |
| a global analysis of cnvs in diverse yak populations using whole-genome resequencing. | genomic structural variation represents a source for genetic and phenotypic variation, which may be subject to selection during the environmental adaptation and population differentiation. here, we described a genome-wide analysis of copy number variations (cnvs) in 16 populations of yak based on genome resequencing data and cnv-based cluster analyses of these populations. | 2019 | 30658572 |
| genomic copy number variation of the chkb gene alters gene expression and affects growth traits of chinese domestic yak (bos grunniens) breeds. | copy number variation (cnv) influences the mrna transcription levels and phenotypic traits through gene dosage, position effects, alteration of downstream pathways, and modulation of the structure and position of chromosomes. a previous study using the read depth approach to genome resequencing analysis revealed cnvs of the choline kinase beta (chkb) gene in the copy number variable regions (cnvrs) of yak breeds may influence muscle development and therefore the phenotypic traits of yak breeds. ... | 2019 | 30635784 |
| identification and expression profiling of msy genes of yak for bull fertility. | yak (bos grunniens) is a unique bovine species and considered as lifeline of highlanders. the male subfertility in yak is a matter of concern that causes huge economic loses. the spermatogenesis and male reproduction machinery are critically governed by y-linked genes which tend to acquire necessary information in the course of evolution. the y-linked fertility genes are present in multiple copies with testis-limited expression. to understand this novel complexity, 12 male-specific region of y c ... | 2019 | 31204701 |
| the composition of fungal communities in the rumen of gayals (bos frontalis), yaks (bos grunniens), and yunnan and tibetan yellow cattle (bos taurs). | the rumen is a microbial-rich ecosystem in which rumen fungi play an important role in the feed digestion of ruminants. the composition of rumen fungi in free-range ruminants such as gayals, yaks, tibetan yellow cattle, and the domesticated yunnan yellow cattle was investigated by sequencing an internal transcribed spacer region 1 (its1) using illumina miseq. a total of 285 092 optimized sequences and 904 operational taxonomic units (otus) were obtained from the four cattle breeds. the rumen fun ... | 2019 | 31880894 |
| coenurosis of yak, bos grunniens, caused by taenia multiceps: a case report with molecular identification in qinghai tibetan plateau area, china. | coenurosis is an important zoonotic helminthic disease caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm taenia multiceps. this parasite typically infects the brain of the intermediate hosts, including sheep, goat, cattle and even humans. we report a case of t. multiceps infection in a yak confirmed by clinical symptoms, morphological characteristics, and molecular and phylogenetic analyses. the coenurus was thin-walled, whitish, and spherical in shape with a diameter of 10 cm. the parasite species was ... | 2019 | 31533410 |
| multiple innate antibacterial immune defense elements are correlated in diverse ungulate species. | in this study, we aimed to evaluate to what extent different assays of innate immunity reveal similar patterns of variation across ungulate species. we compared several measures of innate antibacterial immune function across seven different ungulate species using blood samples obtained from captive animals maintained in a zoological park. we measured mrna expression of two receptors involved in innate pathogen detection, toll-like receptors 2 and 5 (tlr2 and 5), the bactericidal capacity of plas ... | 2019 | 31774834 |
| ruptured hepatic artery aneurysm in a domestic yak. | a 19.5-y-old, male domestic yak ( bos grunniens) with a history of sudden unexpected death was submitted for autopsy. the yak had hemoabdomen, and a large blood clot was attached to the liver and forestomachs. the hepatic artery had a saccular aneurysm with a 1-cm tear. the arterial wall at the site of the rupture was thin, and the luminal surface was roughened with yellow streaks. the arterial wall adjacent to the rupture was thickened, white, firm, and less elastic than normal arterial walls. ... | 2019 | 30387706 |
| comparative rna-seq analysis of differentially expressed genes in the epididymides of yak and cattleyak. | cattleyak are the fl hybrids between (♀) yak (bos grunniens) and (♂) cattle (bos taurus). cattleyak exhibit higher capability in adaptability to a harsh environment and display much higher performances in production than the yak and cattle. the cattleyak, however, are females fertile but males sterile. all previous studies greatly focused on testes tissues to study the mechanism of male infer-tility in cattleyak. however, so far, no transcriptomic study has been conducted on the epididymides of ... | 2019 | 32030088 |
| accurate determination of volatile-flavor components in bos grunniens milk by high-throughput dynamic headspace gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry. | a dynamic headspace (dhs) with dvb/car/pdms trapping materials was coupled to a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the separation and identification of volatile-flavor compounds in bos grunniens (yak) milk. the principal components analysis coupled with response surface methodology optimized the main variables of the device (10 g sample quality, 5 min desorption time, 3.0 g adding sodium chloride, 72 °c extraction temperature, 28 min pre-equilibrium time and 86 min extraction time). total ... | 2019 | 31272730 |
| a population census of large herbivores based on uav and its effects on grazing pressure in the yellow-river-source national park, china. | using the yellow-river-source national park (yrsnp) as a study site, an unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) remote sensing and line transect method was used to investigate the number of wild herbivorous animals and livestock, including the kiang (equus kiang) and tibetan gazelle (procapra picticaudata). a downscaling algorithm was used to generate the forage yield data in yrsnp based on a 30-m spatial resolution. on this basis, we estimated the forage-livestock balance, which included both wild animal ... | 2019 | 31717940 |
| mineral nutritional status of yaks (bos grunniens) grazing on the qinghai-tibetan plateau. | minerals are essentially important for supporting livestock's health, as well as productivity. this study aimed to investigate the mineral status of yaks (bos grunniens) grazing on the qinghai-tibetan plateau (qtp) and the relationship between macro and micro mineral nutrients among soil, forages, and blood in four counties of the qtp. the soil samples (n = 320), forages (n = 320), and blood serum (n = 320) were collected from four randomly selected yak farms in each location during july (warm s ... | 2019 | 31340454 |
| gene expression dynamics during the gonocyte to spermatogonia transition and spermatogenesis in the domestic yak. | spermatogenesis is a cellular differentiation process that includes three major events: mitosis of spermatogonia, meiosis of spermatocytes and spermiogenesis. steady-state spermatogenesis relies on functions of spermatogonial stem cells (sscs). establishing and maintaining a foundational ssc pool is essential for continued spermatogenesis in mammals. currently, our knowledge about ssc and spermatogenesis is severely limited in domestic animals. | 2019 | 31338188 |
| effects of nutritional deprivation and re-alimentation on the feed efficiency, blood biochemistry, and rumen microflora in yaks (bos grunniens). | yak suffers severe starvation and body weight reduction in the cold season and recovers relatively rapid growth in the warm season every year. herein, we investigated the effects of starvation and refeeding on the growth, feed efficiency, blood biochemistry and rumen microbial community as well as functions of yaks. the results showed that starvation significantly reduced the body weight of yaks. serum glucose and triglyceride concentrations significantly decreased, and β-hydroxybutyric acid and ... | 2019 | 31618914 |
| yak rumen microbial diversity at different forage growth stages of an alpine meadow on the qinghai-tibet plateau. | the rumen microbiota of ruminants plays a vital role in fiber digestion, and environmental factors affect its community structure. the yak (bos grunniens) is the main livestock species that inhabits the qinghai-tibet plateau (qtp) at regions located at high-altitude of 3,000-5,000 m. this work investigated the rumen bacterial community of yak that grazed on the qtp during the whole year to evaluate the relationship between the rumen bacterial community and the nutrient composition of forage plan ... | 2019 | 31579584 |
| comparisons of lung and gluteus transcriptome profiles between yaks at different ages. | the yak, bos grunniens, is the only large mammal in the qinghai-tibet plateau and has been bred to provide meat, milk, and transportation. previous studies indicate that the immune system contributes to the yak's adaptation to high-altitude environments. in order to further investigate changes in immune function during yak development, we compared the transcriptome profiles of gluteus and lung tissues among yaks at 6, 30, 60, and 90 months of age. analyses of significantly differentially express ... | 2019 | 31578356 |
| first detection of neboviruses in yak (bos grunniens) and identification of a novel neboviruses based on complete genome. | neboviruses (nevs) is an important causative agent of calf diarrhea. here, 354 diarrhoeic samples were collected from yak on 55 farms in the qinghai-tibet plateau, china. 22.0% of the diarrhoeic samples were detected as nevs-positive by rt-pcr assay. phylogenetic analysis of 78 nevs rdrp fragments showed that 69 strains were closely related to nb-like strains, and the remaining 9 strains were clustered into an independent branch, which may represent a novel rdrp genotype. two complete nevs genom ... | 2019 | 31500726 |
| contrasting y-chromosomal lineage distributions in chinese domestic yak. | 2019 | 31476021 | |
| variation in the fatty acid synthase gene (fasn) and its association with milk traits in gannan yaks. | fatty acid synthase (fasn) is an enzyme involved in the synthesis of fatty acids (fa) and plays a central role in de novo lipogenesis in mammals. this study was conducted to ascertain the relative level of expression of the fasn gene (fasn) in tissues from the yak (bos grunniens), and to search for variation in two regions of yak fasn using polymerase chain reaction single-stranded conformational polymorphism (pcr-sscp) analyses; it also ascertains whether that variation is associated with yak m ... | 2019 | 31461906 |