| identification of g protein coupled receptors for opsines and neurohormones in rhodnius prolixus. genomic and transcriptomic analysis. | the importance of chagas disease motivated the scientific effort to obtain the complete genomic sequence of the vector species rhodnius prolixus, this information is also relevant to the understanding of triatomine biology in general. the central nervous system is the key regulator of insect physiology and behavior. neurohormones (neuropeptides and biogenic amines) are the chemical messengers involved in the regulation and integration of neuroendocrine signals. in insects, this signaling is main ... | 2016 | 25976540 |
| where do these bugs come from? phenotypic structure of triatoma infestans populations after control interventions in the argentine chaco. | house re-invasion by native triatomines after insecticide-based control campaigns represents a major threat for chagas disease vector control. we conducted a longitudinal intervention study in a rural section (area iii, 407 houses) of pampa del indio, northeastern argentina, and used wing geometric morphometry to compare pre-spray and post-spray (re-infestant bugs) triatoma infestans populations. the community-wide spraying with pyrethroids reduced the prevalence of house infestation by t. infes ... | 2015 | 25946158 |
| population structure of the chagas disease vector triatoma infestans in an urban environment. | chagas disease is a vector-borne disease endemic in latin america. triatoma infestans, a common vector of this disease, has recently expanded its range into rapidly developing cities of latin america. we aim to identify the environmental features that affect the colonization and dispersal of t. infestans in an urban environment. we amplified 13 commonly used microsatellites from 180 t. infestans samples collected from a sampled transect in the city of arequipa, peru, in 2007 and 2011. we assesse ... | 2015 | 25646757 |
| experimental control of triatoma infestans in poor rural villages of bolivia through community participation. | triatoma infestans is the main vector of chagas disease in the southern cone countries. present control strategies based on indoor and outdoor residual insecticide spraying are not sufficient to control disease transmission, particularly in bolivia. techniques based on the management of the human environment may be good alternatives or supplements. | 2015 | 25604766 |
| distribution and evolution of repeated sequences in genomes of triatominae (hemiptera-reduviidae) inferred from genomic in situ hybridization. | the subfamily triatominae, vectors of chagas disease, comprises 140 species characterized by a highly homogeneous chromosome number. we analyzed the chromosomal distribution and evolution of repeated sequences in triatominae genomes by genomic in situ hybridization using triatoma delpontei and triatoma infestans genomic dnas as probes. hybridizations were performed on their own chromosomes and on nine species included in six genera from the two main tribes: triatomini and rhodniini. genomic prob ... | 2014 | 25478792 |
| filling dynamics of the brindley's glands in the blood-sucking bug triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae). | the filling dynamics of exocrine defensive glands is an important component of the defensive capacity of an insect in its natural environment. we studied the filling state and reloading rate of the brindley's glands in the haematophagous chagas disease vector triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae). quantitative analyses of isobutyric acid, the main secretion component, were carried out with glands dissected from adults under different scenarios of development, number of discharging events an ... | 2014 | 25450424 |
| residual infestation and recolonization during urban triatoma infestans bug control campaign, peru. | chagas disease vector control campaigns are being conducted in latin america, but little is known about medium-term or long-term effectiveness of these efforts, especially in urban areas. after analyzing entomologic data for 56,491 households during the treatment phase of a triatoma infestans bug control campaign in arequipa, peru, during 2003-2011, we estimated that 97.1% of residual infestations are attributable to untreated households. multivariate models for the surveillance phase of the cam ... | 2014 | 25423045 |
| identification of three cytochrome p450 genes in the chagas' disease vector triatoma infestans: expression analysis in deltamethrin susceptible and resistant populations. | cytochrome p450 monooxygenases play a predominant role in the metabolism of insecticides. many insect p450 genes have frequently been associated with detoxification processes allowing the insect to become tolerant or resistant to insecticides. the increases of expression of p450 genes at transcriptional level are often consider responsible for increasing the metabolism of insecticides and seems to be a common phenomenon in the evolution of resistance development in insects. as pyrethroid resista ... | 2016 | 27461853 |
| active dispersal of triatoma infestans and other triatomines in the argentinean arid chaco before and after vector control interventions. | peridomestic structures are considered the main sites where triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae) remain and disperse, representing the first risk factor for intradomestic invasion, even after vector control activities. this study analyzed t. infestans dispersal during vector control interventions in six rural houses of the arid chaco (la rioja, argentina). flying and walking dispersers were captured during five months of two consecutive warm seasons after insecticide spraying of intra- and ... | 2016 | 27232129 |
| [urbanization of chagas disease in peru: experiences in prevention and control]. | in peru, chagas disease has an epidemiological significance in three macro-regions, one of them is the southern macro-region formed by the departments of arequipa, moquegua and tacna. in 1965 a successful control was performed by house spraying insecticides, however, the persistence of the vector made it necessary for a second control plan that was implemented in 2000 and followed the guidelines of conal plan, based on the elimination of triatoma infestans and screening in blood banks.this plan ... | 2014 | 25123876 |
| genetic variability and geographical diversity of the main chagas' disease vector panstrongylus megistus (hemiptera: triatominae) in brazil based on ribosomal dna intergenic sequences. | studies were made on the ribosomal dna intergenic region, comprising complete internal transcribed spacer (its)-1, 5.8s, and its-2 sequences, of populations of the triatomine panstrongylus megistus, the most important vector of chagas' disease in brazil since triatoma infestans eradication. specimens were from 26 localities of rio grande do sul, santa catarina, paraná, são paulo, minas gerais, bahia, and sergipe states. in total, 21 its-1 and 12 its-2 haplotypes were found. nucleotide difference ... | 2014 | 24897854 |
| chagas disease vector control in a hyperendemic setting: the first 11 years of intervention in cochabamba, bolivia. | chagas disease has historically been hyperendemic in the bolivian department of cochabamba. in the early 2000s, an extensive vector control program was implemented; 1.34 million dwelling inspections were conducted to ascertain infestation (2000-2001/2003-2011), with blanket insecticide spraying in 2003-2005 and subsequent survey-spraying cycles targeting residual infestation foci. here, we assess the effects of this program on dwelling infestation rates (dirs). | 2014 | 24699407 |
| cdna isolation and characterization of two vitellogenin genes in the chagas' disease vector triatoma infestans (hemiptera, reduviidae). | two vitellogenin genes (vg1 and vg2) were identified in the chagas' disease vector triatoma infestans. the putative coding sequence corresponding to vg2 was found to be 5553bp long, encoding 1851 amino acids in a single open reading frame. the comparative analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences from vg1 and vg2 cdna fragments of t. infestans revealed 58.94% of identity with 76.43% of homology. the phylogenetic tree based on the complete vg amino acid sequences of hemimetabolous insects unam ... | 2014 | 24685521 |
| evaluation of a co2 -free commercial mosquito attractant to capture triatomines in the laboratory. | efforts have been made to develop vertebrate odor-based attractants to lure hematophagous triatomines into traps. however, more work is needed to reach a practical, cheap, and efficient odor lure. we carried out attraction and capture tests in a dual-choice olfactometer and a pitfall trap. here we report that a three-component, co2 -free, synthetic blend of vertebrate odor (consisting of ammonia, l(+) lactic acid and hexanoic acid, and known as sweetscent®) significantly induces 3(rd) -instar rh ... | 2013 | 24581352 |
| first report of aprostocetus asthenogmus (hymenoptera: eulophidae) in south america and parasitizing eggs of triatominae vectors of chagas disease. | we report for the first time the parasitism of eggs of two triatomine chagas disease vectors, triatoma infestans and t. vitticeps, by the microhymenopterous parasitoid aprostocetus asthenogmus. we also describe the first identification of this parasitoid in south america. a. asthenogmus were captured near unparasitized triatomine colonies in the municipality of vitória, state of espírito santo, brazil, and placed into pots with recently laid triatomine eggs. after 24 days, we observed wasps emer ... | 2014 | 24575298 |
| l925i mutation in the para-type sodium channel is associated with pyrethroid resistance in triatoma infestans from the gran chaco region. | chagas' disease is an important public health concern in latin america. despite intensive vector control efforts using pyrethroid insecticides, the elimination of triatoma infestans has failed in the gran chaco, an ecoregion that extends over argentina, paraguay, bolivia and brazil. the voltage-gated sodium channel is the target site of pyrethroid insecticides. point mutations in domain ii region of the channel have been implicated in pyrethroid resistance of several insect species. | 2014 | 24466362 |
| molecular population genetics and evolution of the chagas' disease vector triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae). | triatoma infestans (klug) is the main vector of chagas' disease in the southern cone of latin america between the latitudes 10° s and 46° s. the long-term effectiveness of the control campaigns is greatly dependent upon the vector population structure. mitochondrial dna (mtdna) genes have been used in a number of t. infestans population genetic analyses. however, the maternally inherited markers as well as nuclear ribosomal dna analyzed until the present exhibited low or limited levels of variat ... | 2013 | 24403850 |
| wild populations of triatoma infestans are highly connected to intra-peridomestic conspecific populations in the bolivian andes. | triatoma infestans, the major vector of chagas disease south of the amazon in south america, has a large distribution of wild populations, contrary to what has previously been stated. these populations have been suspected of being the source of reinfestation of human habitats and could impede the full success of vector control campaigns. this study examined gene flow between intra-peridomestic populations and wild populations collected in the surround areas in three andean localities in bolivia. ... | 2013 | 24278320 |
| behavioral and toxicological responses of rhodnius prolixus and triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae) to 10 monoterpene alcohols. | the effect on locomotor activity, the repellency, and the knock-down produced by 10 monoterpene alcohols were evaluated on first-instar nymphs of rhodnius prolixus and triatoma infestans, vectors of chagas disease. a video tracking technique was used to evaluate locomotor activity and repellency by exposure to papers impregnated with monoterpenes. eugenol on r. prolixus and (s)-cis-verbenol on t. infestans did not modify the locomotor activity. the remaining monoterpenes produced hyperactivity o ... | 2013 | 24180109 |
| microgeographical study of insecticide resistance in triatoma infestans from argentina. | chagas disease is a chronic parasitic infection restricted to america where it is currently estimated that 90 million people are at risk of acquiring the infection. chemical control with pyrethroid insecticides has been effective to reduce disease transmission in several areas of the southern cone, although insecticide resistance has evolved and diminished the campaigns' results. considering previous reports on the different levels of resistance between triatoma infestans from different geograph ... | 2013 | 23962389 |
| anatomy of the spermatophore in triatomines (hemiptera, reduviidae, triatominae) and its applications to the study of chagas disease vector biology. | the present study focused on spermatophore structure, transfer, and subsequent destination inside bloodfeeding females of the species triatoma infestans and rhodnius neglectus. the morphology of the spermatophore differed between the species studied, such that in t. infestans, the shape was ovaloid, whereas in r. neglectus, the shape resembled a rod. structures' spine-like cuticulars distributed across the inner surface of the vagina of both species were observed; however, the role of these cuti ... | 2013 | 23958911 |
| expression of insecticide resistance in immature life stages of triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae). | the aim of the current study was to investigate the susceptibility to the insecticide deltamethrin and the expression of resistance to this insecticide in developing eggs and neonate nymphs of triatoma infestans from two areas of argentina (campo largo) and bolivia (entre ríos), where resistance to this pyrethroid is suspected. both nymphal populations showed resistance to deltamethrin, with lower resistance ratio for entre ríos (173x) than campo largo (1108x). efficacy of deltamethrin on 4-, 7- ... | 2013 | 23926779 |
| comparison of insecticidal paint and deltamethrin against triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae) feeding and mortality in simulated natural conditions. | the vector of chagas disease, triatoma infestans, is largely controlled by the household application of pyrethroid insecticides. because effective, large-scale insecticide application is costly and necessitates numerous trained personnel, alternative control techniques are badly needed. we compared the residual effect of organophosphate-based insecticidal paint (inesfly 5a igr™ (i5a)) to standard deltamethrin, and a negative control, against t. infestans in a simulated natural environment. we ev ... | 2013 | 23701602 |
| intensified surveillance and insecticide-based control of the chagas disease vector triatoma infestans in the argentinean chaco. | the elimination of triatoma infestans, the main chagas disease vector in the gran chaco region, remains elusive. we implemented an intensified control strategy based on full-coverage pyrethroid spraying, followed by frequent vector surveillance and immediate selective insecticide treatment of detected foci in a well-defined rural area in northeastern argentina with moderate pyrethroid resistance. we assessed long-term impacts, and identified factors and procedures affecting spray effectiveness. | 2013 | 23593525 |
| differential expression of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isoforms in flight muscles of the chagas disease vector triatoma infestans (hemiptera, reduviidae). | flight muscles of triatoma infestans have two glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpdh) isoforms: gpdh-1 is involved in flight metabolism and gpdh-2 provides lipid precursors. total gpdh activity was greater in the natural population and almost only due to gpdh-1. different expression and activity observed between gpdh isoforms in the natural population and the first laboratory generation was not detected in the second laboratory generation. this pattern may be caused by gradual adaptation to la ... | 2013 | 23568290 |
| origins of house reinfestation with triatoma infestans after insecticide spraying in the argentine chaco using wing geometric morphometry. | identifying the origins of insect vectors collected after community-wide residual insecticide applications is a relevant challenge in the gran chaco region where the main vector of chagas disease triatoma infestans usually reinfests human dwellings. wing geometric morphometry was used to compare the right wings of 63 males and 54 females collected at 4 months post-spraying (mps) with those from 165 males and 111 females collected before full-coverage spraying with pyrethroids in a well-defined r ... | 2013 | 23557838 |
| fine-scale genetic structure in populations of the chagas' disease vector triatoma infestans (hemiptera, reduvidae). | fine scale patterns of genetic structure and dispersal in triatoma infestans populations from argentina was analysed. a total of 314 insects from 22 domestic and peridomestic sites from the locality of san martín (capayán department, catamarca province) were typed for 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci. the results confirm subdivision of t. infestans populations with restricted dispersal among sampling sites and suggest inbreeding and/or stratification within the different domestic and peridomes ... | 2013 | 23467902 |
| variation in mitochondrial nadh dehydrogenase subunit 5 and nadh dehydrogenase subunit 4 genes in the chagas disease vector triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae). | variation in mitochondrial nadh dehydrogenase subunit 5 (nd5) and nadh dehydrogenase subunit 4 (nd4) genes was surveyed in triatoma infestans from 24 localities of argentina. the dna sequence comparisons of 2,183 basepairs of the mitochondrial genome, which include the complete sequence of nd5 (1,712 basepairs) and 401 basepairs of nd4 genes, showed 19 haplotypes determined by 48 variable sites and a nucleotide diversity value of 0.292%. twenty-six (65%) substitutions were synonymous, and there ... | 2013 | 23400572 |
| susceptibility and resistance to deltamethrin of wild and domestic populations of triatoma infestans (reduviidae: triatominae) in bolivia: new discoveries. | bolivia is a high-endemic country for chagas disease, for which the principal vector is triatoma infestans (triatominae). this is a mainly domestic species that is also found in the wild environment. recently, an increasing number of studies have shown the importance of triatominae resistance to insecticides, especially in bolivia. data regarding the susceptibility/resistance of wild and domestic populations of t. infestans to deltamethrin are presented. for the first time, domestic populations ... | 2012 | 23295756 |
| mortality due to chagas disease in brazil from 1979 to 2009: trends and regional differences. | studies on mortality due to parasitic diseases such as chagas disease are useful to understand the epidemiology and to plan and guide control measures for these diseases. we analyzed mortality trends due to chagas disease in brazil and regions, between 1979 and 2009. | 2012 | 23277508 |
| scientific evidence of three different insecticide-resistant profiles in triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae) populations from argentina and bolivia. | triatoma infestans (klug, 1834) (hemiptera, reduviidae) is the main vector of chagas disease in the southern cone south america. chemical control to the vectors appears to be the best option to reduce the incidence of the disease. however, since 2002, high resistance to insecticides that correlated with field control failures was detected in t. infestans from argentina and bolivia. in this paper, we analyzed three t. infestans populations whose pyrethroid-resistance had been recently detected, a ... | 2012 | 23270163 |
| cytogenetic study in a mutant of triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae) carrying a spontaneous autosomal fusion and an extra chromosome. | triatomainfestans (2n = 20 a + xy, male) is a blood-sucking bug and the most important vector of chagas disease in the southern cone countries. a cytogenetic analysis of 14 individuals from the argentine gran chaco has revealed the presence of a naturally heterozygous for an autosomal fusion. the fusion heterozygote (2n = 19 a + 1 extra chromosome + xy, male) presented an autosomal trivalent, 8 bivalents, the x and y sex univalents, and a minute extra chromosome at meiosis i. the autosomal triva ... | 2013 | 23037941 |
| post-control surveillance of triatoma infestans and triatoma sordida with chemically-baited sticky traps. | chagas disease prevention critically depends on keeping houses free of triatomine vectors. insecticide spraying is very effective, but re-infestation of treated dwellings is commonplace. early detection-elimination of re-infestation foci is key to long-term control; however, all available vector-detection methods have low sensitivity. chemically-baited traps are widely used in vector and pest control-surveillance systems; here, we test this approach for triatoma spp. detection under field condit ... | 2012 | 23029583 |
| triatomicidal effect of new spot-on formulations applied to poultry in semi-field conditions. | chagas disease is an endemic disease affecting ten million people in the american continent. produced by a parasite transmitted by triatomine insects, the main actions for reducing the incidence of this disease are focused on the control of insect vectors. this type of control has produced highly effective results within rural homes, but not in peridomestic areas (kitchens, warehouses, hen houses and other buildings not attached to the houses). the object of the present study was to assess the t ... | 2013 | 23001549 |
| the development and validation of a risk score for household infestation by triatoma infestans, a bolivian vector of chagas disease. | chagas disease, primarily spread in bolivia by the vector triatoma infestans, persists as an important public health problem. preventative insecticide campaigns target spraying on the basis of anecdotal evidence and there is a need for an accurate classification score to correctly identify 'at risk' houses. data were collected from 337 households on 11 variables through the use of a standardised questionnaire and survey. risk factors for infestation were identified and a risk score was developed ... | 2012 | 22975298 |
| spatial heterogeneity and risk maps of community infestation by triatoma infestans in rural northwestern argentina. | fifty years of residual insecticide spraying to control triatoma infestans in the gran chaco region of northern argentina, paraguay and bolivia shows that vertically coordinated interventions aiming at full coverage have limited effects and are unsustainable. we quantified the spatial distribution of t. infestans domestic infestation at the district level, identified environmental factors associated with high infestation and then explored the usefulness of risk maps for the spatial stratificatio ... | 2012 | 22905276 |
| toxicity of non-pyrethroid insecticides against triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae). | triatoma infestans (klug) is the main vector of chagas disease, which is a public health concern in most latin american countries. the prevention of chagas disease is based on the chemical control of the vector using pyrethroid insecticides. in the last decade, different levels of deltamethrin resistance have been detected in certain areas of argentina and bolivia. because of this, alternative non-pyrethroid insecticides from different chemical groups were evaluated against two t. infestans popu ... | 2012 | 22850959 |
| lack of segregation between two species of chagas disease vectors. | triatoma infestans and panstrongylus megistus are relevant chagas disease vectors. an apparent segregation among these triatomine species inside human households was suggested to rely on mutual repellence between them. however, p. megistus and t. infestans show aggregation responses to chemical signals emitted by the other species. these findings do not rule out the possibility that stimuli other than chemical signals could mediate repellence when these species exploit shelters simultaneously. i ... | 2012 | 22764300 |
| kdr mutations in triatoma infestans from the gran chaco are distributed in two differentiated foci: implications for pyrethroid resistance management. | point mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel, the primary target of pyrethroid insecticides, have been associated with the resistance in triatoma infestans, an important vector of chagas' disease. hence, the sustainability of vector control programs requires the implementation of resistance management strategies. we determined the sensitivity of the molecular assays previously designed for early resistance detection to be used in pooled samples from a wide area of the endemic region, and ... | 2016 | 26992297 |
| biological cycle and preliminary data on vectorial competence of triatoma boliviana in laboratory conditions. | with more than 140 potential vectors of chagas disease, it is important to better know the biology and especially the vectorial capacity of the triatomine species which live in the surroundings of human dwellings. in bolivia where 17 triatomine species are reported, the principal vector is triatoma infestans. in some valleys of the department of la paz where t. infestans is not present, a new species (triatoma boliviana) was described in 2007. this species lives in a sylvatic environment not far ... | 2014 | 25151046 |
| hidden sylvatic foci of the main vector of chagas disease triatoma infestans: threats to the vector elimination campaign? | establishing the sources of reinfestation after residual insecticide spraying is crucial for vector elimination programs. triatoma infestans, traditionally considered to be limited to domestic or peridomestic (abbreviated as d/pd) habitats throughout most of its range, is the target of an elimination program that has achieved limited success in the gran chaco region in south america. | 2011 | 22039559 |
| secondary kill effect of deltamethrin on triatoma infestans. | control of the chagas disease vector, triatoma infestans, relies on the application of pyrethroid insecticides, especially deltamethrin. we performed laboratory studies to determine whether a t. infestans nymph that comes into contact with a deltamethrin-treated surface horizontally transfers the insecticide to subsequent triatomines. we found that a triatomine that walks on a deltamethrin-treated surface for a short period of time has the ability to transport the insecticide in concentrations s ... | 2011 | 21845956 |
| [entomological survey (1975-1983)]. | after the systematization and re-dimension of the vectorial control in all the country by 1975, it was considered necessary to have an up-to-date information on the distribution of vectors in brazil, and differentiate precisely the role of each of the different species on the intra-domiciliary transmission of chagas disease. for this purpose, sampling regional surveys for regions with non reliable information were performed, as well as, a house by house search for vectors on those areas consider ... | 2011 | 21584354 |
| inheritance of resistance to pyrethroids in triatoma infestans, the main chagas disease vector in south america. | an outbreak of pyrethroid resistance was recently detected in triatoma infestans from northern argentina. to analyze the inheritance of the resistant phenotype, we carried out experimental crosses between resistant (r) and susceptible (s) strains captured in argentina during 2005. the r strain was collected from sprayed houses in the north of the province of salta while the s strain was collected in the province of chaco. both strains were bred in the laboratory for reciprocal crosses (f1), inte ... | 2010 | 20674788 |
| changes in the corpora allata and epidermal proliferation along the fourth instar of the chagas disease vector triatoma infestans. | triatoma infestans, a blood-feeding insect, synchronises physiological mechanisms leading to moult with food intake. since the corpora allata are important in moult and metamorphosis regulation, we have studied morphological changes in 4th instar nymphs (gland size, cell density, percent of animals showing mitoses and cell size). changes were correlated with the effect of precocene ii, epidermal proliferation, and with the extent of the "head critical period". based on morphological grounds, thr ... | 2009 | 20067030 |
| rational spatio-temporal strategies for controlling a chagas disease vector in urban environments. | the rational design of interventions is critical to controlling communicable diseases, especially in urban environments. in the case of the chagas disease vector triatoma infestans, successful control is stymied by the return of the insect after the effectiveness of the insecticide wanes. here, we adapt a genetic algorithm, originally developed for the travelling salesman problem, to improve the spatio-temporal design of insecticide campaigns against t. infestans, in a complex urban environment. ... | 2010 | 20061346 |
| modelling congenital transmission of chagas' disease. | the successful elimination of vectorial and transfusional transmission of chagas' disease from some countries is a result of the reduction of domestic density of the primary vector triatoma infestans, of almost 100% of coverage in blood serological selection and to the fact that the basic reproductive number of chagas' disease is very close to one (1.25). therefore, congenital transmission is currently the only way of acquiring chagas' disease in such regions. in this paper we propose a model of ... | 2010 | 19962422 |
| differential tissue and flight developmental expression of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isozymes in the chagas disease vector triatoma infestans. | glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpdh) isozymes are differentially expressed among tissues and during flight development. gpdh-1 is involved in the flight-muscle metabolism and gpdh-2 provides precursors for lipid biosynthesis in many tissues. we have isolated and characterized from triatoma infestans, a chagas disease vector, two cdnas encoding for gpdh-1 and gpdh-2 isozymes. the inferred amino acid sequences showed high identity with other gpdh sequences from flying insects. a gpdh-2 transc ... | 2008 | 18606760 |
| phenotypic variability associated to genomic changes in the main vector of chagas disease in the southern cone of south america. | this study shows for the first time, the relationship between chromosomic and meristic quantitative characters of triatoma infestans, the main vector of chagas disease in the southern cone of south america. the antennal phenotype of 225 adults from five countries and three cytotypes, were analyzed using univariate and multivariate techniques. the study found a clear association between cytotypes and antennal phenotypes. the complexity of the antennal sensilla pattern was higher in the non-andean ... | 2008 | 18328454 |
| allatotropin-like peptide released by malpighian tubules induces hindgut activity associated with diuresis in the chagas disease vector triatoma infestans (klug). | haematophagous insects incorporate a large amount of blood with each meal, producing a big quantity of urine in a few hours to eliminate the excess water and na(+). malpighian tubules (mts) have traditionally been seen as a system that responds to neuroendocrine stimulus. in a related paper, we demonstrated that mts of triatoma infestans produce an autonomous endocrine secretion of an allatotropin-like (at-like) peptide. in the present study, we report a myostimulatory activity of at at the leve ... | 2007 | 17515423 |
| cuticular hydrocarbons of triatomines. | triatomine insects (hemiptera) are the vectors of chagas disease. their cuticular surface is covered by a thin layer of lipids, mainly hydrocarbons, wax esters, fatty alcohols, and free or esterified fatty acids. these lipids play a major role in preventing a lethal desiccation, altering the absorption of chemicals and microorganism penetration, they also participate in chemical communication events. lipid components are biosynthetically related, the synthesis of long chain and very long chain f ... | 2007 | 17046303 |
| chemical communication in chagas disease vectors. source, identity, and potential function of volatiles released by the metasternal and brindley's glands of triatoma infestans adults. | compounds from the metasternal and brindley's glands of the blood-sucking bug, triatoma infestans, were identified by solid phase microextraction (spme) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. volatile compounds released by adult bugs during copulation or after mechanical disturbance were also characterized. six compounds were identified and found consistently in all samples from metasternal glands. the most abundant were 3-pentanone, 2-methylbutanol, 3-pentanol, and an unidentified compound. ... | 2006 | 16902820 |
| biological activity of schinus molle on triatoma infestans. | hexanic extracts from leaves and fruits of schinus molle were tested for repellent and insecticidal properties against first instar nymphs and eggs of triatoma infestans, the vector of chagas' disease. leaf and fruit extracts were highly repellent for first nymphs. fruit extracts had also ovicidal activity. | 2006 | 16725281 |
| the full-length cdna of anticoagulant protein infestin revealed a novel releasable kazal domain, a neutrophil elastase inhibitor lacking anticoagulant activity. | infestins are kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitors found in the midgut of the chagas' disease vector, triatoma infestans. in previous studies, we characterized two double-headed infestins with potent anticoagulant activity; infestin 1-2, which inhibits thrombin and infestin 3-4, a factor xiia inhibitor. in the present work, we have cloned the full-length cdna of infestins' precursor. the translated cdna predicted a polypeptide containing a signal peptide and seven kazal-type domains, four dom ... | 2006 | 16469426 |
| fmrfamide-like immunocytochemistry in the brain and subesophageal ganglion of triatoma infestans (insecta: heteroptera). coexpression with beta-pigment-dispersing hormone and small cardioactive peptide b. | the distribution of fmrfamide (fmrfa)-like immunoreactivity (li) was studied in the brain and subesophageal ganglion of triatoma infestans, the insect vector of chagas' disease. the neuropeptide displayed a widespread distribution with immunostained somata in the optic lobe, in the anterior, lateral, and posterior soma rinds of the protocerebrum, and around the antennal sensory and mechanosensory and motor neuropils of the deutocerebrum. fmrfa-immunoreactive profiles of the subesophageal ganglio ... | 2005 | 15947966 |
| is imidacloprid an effective alternative for controlling pyrethroid-resistant populations of triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae) in the gran chaco ecoregion? | the prevention of chagas disease is based primarily on the chemical control of triatoma infestans (klug) using pyrethroid insecticides. however, high resistance levels, correlated with control failures, have been detected in argentina and bolivia. a previous study at our laboratory found that imidacloprid could serve as an alternative to pyrethroid insecticides. we studied the delayed toxicity of imidacloprid and the influence of the blood feeding condition of the insect on the toxicity of this ... | 2014 | 25141281 |
| geographic distribution of chagas disease vectors in brazil based on ecological niche modeling. | although brazil was declared free from chagas disease transmission by the domestic vector triatoma infestans, human acute cases are still being registered based on transmission by native triatomine species. for a better understanding of transmission risk, the geographic distribution of brazilian triatomines was analyzed. sixteen out of 62 brazilian species that both occur in >20 municipalities and present synanthropic tendencies were modeled based on their ecological niches. panstrongylus genicu ... | 2012 | 22523500 |
| uruguay declared free of chagas disease transmission. | according to 1997 entomological and sero-epidemiological data, the transmission of chagas disease has been interrupted in uruguay; this has been certified by an independent commission appointed by the pan american health organization/world health organization (paho/who). transmission of chagas disease, which is endemic in uruguay, is via the vector triatoma infestans or through transfusion with infected blood. in 1983, t. infestans lived in dwellings in 80% of uruguay; in 1996, in all department ... | 1998 | 12321803 |
| [current situation with chagas disease vector control in the americas]. | this article identifies and describes various epidemiological aspects in the natural transmission of chagas disease in the americas. it also examines the relative importance of the principal vector species in the disease's transmission and the control levels that are feasible in each instance. estimations of the population at risk, number of infected cases, and number of chronic cases are presented. prospects for control are discussed on the basis of past results to predict the expected results ... | 2000 | 11119318 |
| differences of susceptibility of five triatomine species to pyrethroid insecticides - implications for chagas disease vector control. | as pyrethroids are presently the favored group of insecticides to control triatomines, we performed a series of bioassays to determine the intrinsic activity of some of the main compounds used in the control campaigns, against five of the main species of triatomines to be controlled. comparing the insecticides it can be seen that lambdacyhalothrin is more effective than the other three pyrethroids, both considering the ld50 and 99 for all the three species with comparable results. on triatoma in ... | 1999 | 10677770 |
| susceptibility and resistance to insecticides of chagas disease vectors. | chemical control of chagas disease vectors appears to be the best practical way to reduce the incidence of the disease. ddt was initially tested in the 1950s for the campaigns of control of chagas disease vectors. its low level of effectiveness against triatomine caused the failure of these control actions. hch was then introduced in the southern cone and dieldrin in the north of latinoamerica. starting in the late 1960s anticholinesterasic organophosphorus and carbamate compounds were introduce ... | 1999 | 10668241 |
| the southern cone initiative against chagas disease. | chagas disease (also known as american trypanosomiasis) is now ranked as the most serious parasitic disease of the americas, with an economic impact far outranking the combined effects of other parasitic diseases such as malaria, schistosomiasis and leishmaniasis. although the chronic infection remains virtually incurable, transmission can be halted by eliminating the domestic insect vectors and screening blood donors to avoid transfusional transmission. in line with this strategy, governments o ... | 1999 | 10050271 |
| aggregation behaviour and interspecific responses in three species of triatominae. | the response to intra- and interspecific assembling signals was tested in three species of chagas' disease vectors. as previously described for triatoma infestans, larvae of both species, t. sordida and t. guasayana, aggregated on papers impregnated with their own excrement. moreover, bugs belonging to each of the three species also aggregated on papers contaminated with faeces from the other two, with the only exception of the larvae of t. guasayana, which did not assemble on faeces of t. sordi ... | 2006 | 9698857 |
| comparative kinetics of bloodmeal intake by triatoma infestans and rhodnius prolixus, the two principal vectors of chagas disease. | chagas disease vector insects triatoma infestans and rhodnius prolixus (fifteen stage iii nymphs per 4 litre cage) were allowed to feed on anaesthetized mice for 1 h (control group), or on active non-anaesthetized mice (nam) for 2, 4 or 8 h exposure. the bloodmeal size (weight increase) for both species was proportional to the duration of contact with nam, due to ingestion of multiple small bloodmeals, up to 142% of control weight for t. infestans with 8 h exposure to nam. the mean weight increa ... | 1998 | 9513943 |
| chagas disease vector control in central america. | as the southern cone initiative proceeds steadily towards eradication of triatoma infestans, there is increasing interest in applying similar approaches to control chagas disease vectors in mexico, central america and countries of the andean pact. here, chris schofield and jean-pierre dujardin discuss the technical feasibility of such an approach. | 1997 | 15275100 |
| identification of a point mutation associated with pyrethroid resistance in the para-type sodium channel of triatoma infestans, a vector of chagas' disease. | the voltage-gated sodium channel is the target site of pyrethroid insecticides. point mutations in the domain ii region of the channel have been implicated in pyrethroid resistance of several insect species. we identified the sequence of domain ii from the para sodium channel in rhodnius prolixus, a vector of chagas' disease. with this information, we cloned and sequenced the domain ii of the sodium channel from the other main chagas' disease vector: triatoma infestans. we also identified the pr ... | 2012 | 22210132 |
| genomic changes of chagas disease vector, south america. | we analyzed the main karyologic changes that have occurred during the dispersion of triatoma infestans, the main vector of chagas disease. we identified two allopatric groups, named andean and non-andean. the andean specimens present c-heterochromatic blocks in most of their 22 chromosomes, whereas non-andean specimens have only 4-7 autosomes with c-banding. these heterochromatin differences are the likely cause of a striking dna content variation (approximately 30%) between andean and non-andea ... | 2004 | 15109410 |
| feeding behavior of different species of chagas' disease vectors stimulated with blood sources at different temperatures. | 1. the feeding behavior of six triatomid species toward latex condoms filled with blood at 26 +/- 1 and 36 +/- 1 degrees c was observed for 4 h. 2. the species studied were triatoma infestans, triatoma brasiliensis, triatoma vitticeps, triatoma pseudomaculata, rhodnius prolixus and panstrongylus megistus, and 34 to 348 insects were studied in each group (average, 190). all the life stages of each species were used. 3. although most insects (80%, average for 6 species) preferred the warmer blood, ... | 1992 | 1304939 |
| [xenodiagnosis in chagas disease: influence of the triatominae sex]. | we evaluated, comparatively, the performance of female and male triatoma infestans in the 5th instar of development, in xenodiagnosis for chagas' disease. xenodiagnosis were done in 40 patients with chronic infectans. for each diagnosis 20 nymphs female and 20 nymphs males were used, which were weighed immediately before and after the meal. intestinal contents were examined about 20, 30, 60 and 90 days after the xenodiagnosis application. the females and males ingested the mean of 230 and 210 mg ... | 2006 | 1845009 |
| a cost-benefit analysis of chagas disease control. | chagas disease transmission can be effectively interrupted by insecticidal control of its triatomine bug vectors. we present here a simple model comparing the costs and benefits of such a programme, designed to eliminate domestic populations of triatoma infestans throughout its known area of distribution over the seven southernmost countries of latin america. the model has been simplified to require only four financial estimates relating to the unit cost of housing spraying and benefits due to a ... | 2004 | 1842419 |
| darwin's illness. | darwin's chronic ill health began after 1838. by his own account he had been exposed to triatoma infestans, a vector of chagas' disease, and his symptoms were compatible with chagas' disease. the case for rejecting a diagnosis of chagas' disease is reviewed; however, the weight of evidence favors this diagnosis, as originally suggested by saul adler. | 1989 | 2496051 |
| wing shape divergence between rhodnius prolixus from cojedes (venezuela) and rhodnius robustus from mérida (venezuela). | the existence of rhodnius robustus as a species distinct from rhodnius prolixus has long been the main epidemiological question about chagas disease transmission in venezuela and surrounding countries. these two taxa are morphologically and genetically very similar, but only r. prolixus is assumed to colonize houses and transmit chagas disease to humans. r. robustus is assumed to be an exclusively sylvatic species, restricted to palm trees. if robustus and prolixus are actually the same species, ... | 2002 | 12797988 |
| nos is present in the brain of triatoma infestans and is colocalized with cck. | immunohistochemistry was used to establish the presence of nitric oxide synthase (nos) in the central nervous system of triatoma infestans which is the main vector for chagas' disease in argentina and neighbouring countries. in addition, we have investigated the presence of cholecystokinin (cck) and studied the possible coexistence of these molecules. the results show nos-like immunoreactivity (li) in neurones of the soma rind of the protocerebrum, the optic lobe and in the lateral part of the s ... | 1994 | 7535578 |
| synthesis and bioactivity of new phosphorodithioates derived from n-substituted maleamic esters. | 1. a new series of organophosphorus compounds derived from n-substituted maleamic esters by reaction with dimethyl and diethyl phosphorodithioic acid was synthesized. 2. two isomers, with chemical structures analogous to malathion were obtained for each maleamic ester assayed. 3. they were characterized, and their toxicity against a resistant strain of musca domestica (strain g), a susceptible one (strain rac) and triatoma infestans (vector of chagas' disease) were measured. 4. the structural ch ... | 1993 | 8097454 |
| factors controlling the volume of feces produced by triatomine vectors of chagas' disease. | triatomine species influenced volume of feces produced; triatoma dimidiata produced the largest volume of feces followed by panstrongylus megistus, rhodnius prolixus, and triatoma infestans. moreover, stage and sex affected fecal production; 5th-stage female nymphs excreted the largest volume of feces. the amount of blood ingested was significantly correlated with the volume of feces produced in 10 out of 11 experimental groups. triatome size and volume of feces produced were less closely correl ... | 1983 | 6142633 |
| letter: apparent absence of a sex attractant in adult triatoma infestans (klug), vector of chagas' disease. | | 1976 | 822541 |
| [climatic aspects of chagas' disease. i. notes on the geographical distribution of triatoma infestans]. | | 1956 | 13494885 |
| [studies on physiological relations between a carrier of chagas' disease, triatoma infestans and its intestinal symbionts]. | | 1953 | 13101671 |
| [prevention of chagas' disease in uruguay by means of gammexane; experiments undertaken; plan of campaign against triatoma infestans]. | | 1950 | 14783637 |
| chagas disease vector control and taylor's law. | large spatial and temporal fluctuations in the population density of living organisms have profound consequences for biodiversity conservation, food production, pest control and disease control, especially vector-borne disease control. chagas disease vector control based on insecticide spraying could benefit from improved concepts and methods to deal with spatial variations in vector population density. | 2017 | 29190728 |
| fine-scale genetic structure of triatoma infestans in the argentine chaco. | the patterns of genetic structure in natural populations provide essential information for the improvement of pest management strategies including those targeting arthropod vectors of human diseases. we analyzed the patterns of fine-scale genetic structure in triatoma infestans in a well-defined rural area close to pampa del indio, in the argentine arid-humid chaco transition, where a longitudinal study on house infestation and wing geometric morphometry is being conducted since 2007. a total of ... | 2015 | 26027923 |
| ecological and sociodemographic determinants of house infestation by triatoma infestans in indigenous communities of the argentine chaco. | the gran chaco ecoregion, a hotspot for chagas and other neglected tropical diseases, is home to >20 indigenous peoples. our objective was to identify the main ecological and sociodemographic determinants of house infestation and abundance of triatoma infestans in traditional qom populations including a creole minority in pampa del indio, northeastern argentina. | 2015 | 25785439 |
| characterisation of salivary gland antigens of triatoma infestans and antigen-specific serum antibody response in mice exposed to bites of t. infestans. | in mice, the antigen-specific serum antibody response following exposure to bites of triatoma infestans nymphs and adults was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the second and the third exposure to t. infestans bites resulted in higher antibody levels than during the primary exposure. antigen-specific antibody development was faster in mice exposed to bites of nymphs than in mice exposed to adults; however, a higher antibody level was found in mice bitten by adult bugs. ... | 1993 | 8333137 |
| [correlation among the positivity of the artificial xenodiagnosis and the amount of blood and triatomines used in the exam, in chronic chagasic patients]. | the aim of this study was to verify whether the amount of blood and number of triotomines used could improve the artificial xenodiagnosis performed in 200 chronic phase infected individuals. ten or 40ml of peripheral blood was collected in heparinized (20.4 iu) vacuum tubes, and fed to 60 and 360 triatomines, respectively. dipetalogaster maximus (1st instar, about 15 days after eclosion), as well as 3rd instar triatoma infestans and triatoma vitticeps and the 4th instar of rhodnius neglectus wer ... | 2006 | 11873258 |
| comparison of disturbance stridulations in five species of triatominae bugs. | it has been observed that triatoma infestans and rhodnius prolixus females stridulate to reject copulatory attempts performed by males. in addition, triatomines stridulate when disturbed or handled. in the present study, the temporal structure and frequency spectra of vibrational signals produced by mechanically disturbed t. infestans, t. sordida, t. guasayana, r. prolixus and dipetalogaster maxima were analysed and compared. the inter-ridge distances of the prosternal stridulatory organ of the ... | 2001 | 11369310 |
| temporal differences in blood meal detection from the midguts of triatoma infestans. | we used genus/species specific pcrs to determine the temporal persistence of host dna in triatoma infestans experimentally fed on blood from six common vertebrate species: humans, domestic dogs, guinea pigs, chickens, mice, and pigs. twenty third or fourth instar nymphs per animal group were allowed to feed to engorgement, followed by fasting-maintenance in the insectary. at 7, 14, 21, or 28 days post-feeding, the midgut contents from five triatomines per group were tested with the respective pc ... | 2012 | 22499421 |
| the presence of the ancestral insect telomeric motif in kissing bugs (triatominae) rules out the hypothesis of its loss in evolutionarily advanced heteroptera (cimicomorpha). | next-generation sequencing data analysis on triatoma infestans klug, 1834 (heteroptera, cimicomorpha, reduviidae) revealed the presence of the ancestral insect (ttagg)n telomeric motif in its genome. fluorescence in situ hybridization confirms that chromosomes bear this telomeric sequence in their chromosomal ends. furthermore, motif amount estimation was about 0.03% of the total genome, so that the average telomere length in each chromosomal end is almost 18 kb long. we also detected the presen ... | 2016 | 27830050 |
| heme crystallization in the midgut of triatomine insects. | hemozoin (hz) is a heme crystal produced by several blood-feeding organisms in order to detoxify free heme released upon hemoglobin (hb) digestion. here we show that heme crystallization also occurs in three species of triatomine insects. ultraviolet-visible and infrared light absorption spectra of insoluble pigments isolated from the midgut of three triatomine species triatoma infestans, dipetalogaster maximus and panstrongylus megistus indicated that all produce hz. morphological analysis of t ... | 2013 | 17254848 |
| aspects of classification of hemiptera hemocytes from six triatomine species. | the objective of this work was to characterize, and compare different morphological types of hemocytes of rhodnius prolixus, rhodnius robustus, rhodnius neglectus, triatoma infestans, panstrongylus megistus, and dipetalogaster maximus. this information provides the basis for studying the cellular immune systems of these insects. seven morphological hemocyte types were identified by phase-contrast microscopy: prohemocytes, plasmatocytes, granular cells, cystocytes, oenocytoids, adipohemocytes and ... | 2006 | 1842390 |
| skin reactions to bug bites as a result of xenodiagnosis. | cutaneous allergic reactions to bites of two bug species triatoma infestans and dipetalogaster maxima, were studied in an area where t. infestans is the local domestic vector. while more delayed skin reactions occurred with the indigenous vector, reactions also occurred with d. maxima. repeated exposure to d. maxima produced more intense immediate skin reactions. first-stage d. maxima bugs produced a lower frequency and intensity of skin reaction. it is concluded that further work on this proble ... | 1981 | 6798721 |
| [preliminary studies on triatoma infestans and triatoma spinolai source of feeding by the use of gel double diffusion test (author's transl)]. | | 2006 | 822861 |
| differential immunolocalization of a putative rec8p in meiotic autosomes and sex chromosomes of triatomine bugs. | hemipteran chromosomes are holocentric and show regular, special behavior at meiosis. while the autosomes pair at pachytene, have synaptonemal complexes (scs) and recombination nodules (rns) and segregate at anaphase i, the sex chromosomes do not form an sc or rns, divide equationally at anaphase i, and their chromatids segregate at anaphase ii. here we show that this behavior is shared by the x and y chromosomes of triatoma infestans and the x(1)x(2)y chromosomes of triatoma pallidipennis. as r ... | 2003 | 12707778 |
| on triatomines, cockroaches and haemolymphagy under laboratory conditions: new discoveries. | for a long time, haematophagy was considered an obligate condition for triatomines (hemiptera: reduviidae) to complete their life cycle. today, the ability to use haemolymphagy is suggested to represent an important survival strategy for some species, especially those in genus belminus. as eratyrus mucronatus and triatoma boliviana are found with cockroaches in the blaberinae subfamily in bolivia, their developmental cycle from egg to adult under a "cockroach diet" was studied. the results sugge ... | 2016 | 27706376 |
| salivary lipocalin family proteins from panstrongylus chinai, a vector of chagas disease. | the dataset in this report is related to the research article with the title: "salivary gland transcripts of the kissing bug, panstrongylus chinai, a vector of chagas disease" (kato et al., 2017) [1]. lipocalin family proteins were identified as the dominant component in p. chinai saliva, and phylogenetic analysis of the salivary lipocalins resulted in the formation of five major clades. for further characterization, each clade of p. chinai lipocalin was s alignment and phylogenetic analyses tog ... | 2017 | 29034292 |
| anticoagulant activity of triatoma infestans and panstrongylus megistus saliva (hemiptera/triatominae). | salivary gland extract of triatoma infestans prolonged thrombin time, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time, while salivary gland extract of panstrongylus megistus delayed thrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. however, saliva of p. megistus prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time and saliva of t. infestans delayed activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time. t. infestans saliva interferes particularly with activity of factor viii (i ... | 1996 | 8790775 |
| vitellin and vitellogenin characterization of triatoma infestans and related species. | the vitellogenin-vitellin (vg-vn) of triatoma infestans is a glycolipoprotein with a mol. wt. of 220,000; is a high density lipoprotein (1.18-1.21 g/ml) with low electrophoretic mobility at ph 8.2. there are many common proteins present in females, males, nymphs and eggs, but none is a glycolipoprotein. the major band of protein revealed a mol. wt. of 43,000, it is an anodic protein which appears in all the fractions of saline gradient. males and females have a glycolipoprotein with electrophore ... | 1986 | 3111174 |
| [monthly variations of the incidence of developmental forms of triatoma infestans and panstrongylus megistus in bambui, minas gerais]. | | 2017 | 13369131 |
| [note on the finding of examples of panstrongylus megistus infected by schizotrypanum cruzi and capture of an example of triatoma infestans, in belo horizonte, minas gerais]. | | 1953 | 13134727 |
| [parasitism of ova of triatoma infestans and panstrongylus megistus by the microhymenopter telenomus fariai lima, 1927]. | | 1950 | 24539417 |
| aggregation behaviour in panstrongylus megistus and triatoma infestans: inter and intraspecific responses. | we tested the aggregation response to inter and intraspecific chemical signals in panstrongylus megistus and triatoma infestans. as previously described for t. infestans, larvae of p. megistus significantly aggregated on papers impregnated with their own excrement and on papers marked with cuticular substances deposited on surfaces on which these insects had walked. t. infestans bugs also aggregated on papers impregnated by faeces or by cuticular substances of p. megistus, and p. megistus aggreg ... | 2002 | 11755431 |