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determination of pesticide residues in ipm and non-ipm samples of mango (mangifera indica).studies were conducted to analyze the residue of commonly used pesticides viz. methyl parathion, chloropyrifos, endosulfan, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, carbendazim, imidacloprid and carbaryl in mango, dashehari variety, integrated pest management (ipm) and non-ipm samples were collected from the ipm and non-ipm orchards, lucknow, india. we also present a method for the simultaneous determination of these pesticides in mango samples. residues of methyl parathion, chloropyriphos, endosulfan, cyperm ...200818437617
host breadth and parasitoids of fruit flies (anastrepha spp.) (diptera: tephritidae) in puerto rico.twenty fruit species representing 12 families were collected from various regions in western puerto rico and monitored for the emergence of anastrepha spp. pupae. we collected 14,154 tephritid pupae from 16 fruit species representing 10 families. the relative infestations of these fruits (pupae per kilogram of fruit) were recorded. recorded host ranges were not in complete agreement with those reported in the literature. this host-use pattern should give pause to regulators of fruit importation ...200818348802
effect of mango weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae) damage on mango seed viability in tanzania.studies were conducted at the horticulture unit of sokoine university of agriculture, morogoro, tanzania, to assess the incidence and effect of mango weevil, cryptorhynchus mangiferae (f.) (coleoptera: curculionidae), infestation on mango, mangifera indica l., seed viability. three polyembryo mango cultivars ('sindano nyeusi', 'sindano nyeupe', and 'dodo') as well as three monoembryo mango cultivars ('ex-horticulture', 'tango', and 'bongwa') were collected and examined for the presence of c. man ...200818330124
40k/137cs discrimination ratios to the aboveground organs of tropical plants.in the present work, the accumulation of caesium and potassium in aboveground plant parts was studied in order to improve the understanding on the behaviour of monovalent cations in several compartments of tropical plants. we present the results for activity concentrations of (137)cs and (40)k, measured by gamma spectrometry, from five tropical plant species: guava (psidium guajava), mango (mangifera indica), papaya (carica papaya), banana (musa paradisíaca), and manioc (manihot esculenta). caes ...200818308433
hydraulic and mechanical stem properties affect leaf-stem allometry in mango cultivars.leaf size-stem size allometric relationships are important features of biomass allocation in plants and are affected by biological functions linking the two organs. they have been studied at specific and supraspecific levels, but not at the infraspecific level. it was hypothesized that allometric relationships link leaf size and stem size at the cultivar level, and are cultivar-specific in relation to distinctive functional stem traits: hydraulic conductivity and mechanical strength. allometric ...200818266618
edible coatings influence fruit ripening, quality, and aroma biosynthesis in mango fruit.the effects of different edible coatings on mango fruit ripening and ripe fruit quality parameters including color, firmness, soluble solids concentrations, total acidity, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, fatty acids, and aroma volatiles were investigated. hard mature green mango (mangifera indica l. cv. kensigton pride) fruits were coated with aqueous mango carnauba (1:1 v/v), semperfresh (0.6%), aloe vera gel (1:1, v/v), or a. vera gel (100%). untreated fruit served as the control. following ...200818247535
protective effects of mangifera indica l extract (vimang), and its major component mangiferin, on iron-induced oxidative damage to rat serum and liver.in vivo preventive effects of a mangifera indica l extract (vimang) or its major component mangiferin on iron overload injury have been studied in rats given respectively, 50, 100, 250 mg kg(-1) body weight of vimang, or 40 mg kg(-1) body weight of mangiferin, for 7 days prior to, and for 7 days following the administration of toxic amounts of iron-dextran. both vimang or mangiferin treatment prevented iron overload in serum as well as liver oxidative stress, decreased serum and liver lipid pero ...200818243014
extensive screening for edible herbal extracts with potent scavenging activity against superoxide anions.to search for edible herbal extracts with potent antioxidant activity, we conducted a large scale screening based on the superoxide scavenging activity. that is, scavenging activity against superoxide anions were extensively screened from ethanol extracts of approximately 1,000 kinds of herbs by applying an electron spin resonance (esr)-spin trapping method. among them we chose four edible herbal extracts with prominently potent ability to reduce the signal intensity of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline- ...200818236159
anti-inflammatory 5-(11'z-heptadecenyl)- and 5-(8'z,11'z-heptadecadienyl)-resorcinols from mango (mangifera indica l.) peels.bioassay directed extraction and purification of mango peels revealed the 5-(11'z-heptadecenyl)-resorcinol (1) and the known 5-(8'z,11'z-heptadecadienyl)-resorcinol (2) previously not described in mangifera indica l. the structures of both compounds were determined by extensive 1d and 2d nmr studies and ms. both compounds exhibited potent cyclooxygenase (cox)-1 and cox-2 inhibitory activity with ic(50) values ranging from 1.9 (2) to 3.5 microm (1) and from 3.5 (2) to 4.4 (1) microm, respectively ...200818155258
herbal medicines used in the treatment of malaria in budiope county, uganda.this study was conducted to document herbal medicines (hms) used in the treatment of malaria as well as the existing knowledge, attitudes and practices related to malaria recognition, control and treatment in budiope county, uganda.200818054454
modulation of p450 enzymes by cuban natural products rich in polyphenolic compounds in rat hepatocytes.this paper reports cytotoxic effects and changes in the p450 system after exposing rat hepatocytes to four polyphenol-rich products widely used in cuban traditional medicine (mangifera indica l. (msbe), thalassia testudinum (tt), erythroxylum minutifolium and confusum extracts). effects of mangiferin, the main polyphenol in msbe, were also evaluated. cytotoxicity was assayed by the mtt test after exposure of cells to the products (50-1000 microg/ml) for 24 or 72 h. the results showed that 500 mi ...200818053976
anaphylaxis following ingestion of mango fruit.allergic reactions to fresh fruits and nuts have become increasingly common. mango (mangifera indica) is a popular fruit eaten all over the world. we report the case of a 43-year-old woman who experienced oropharyngeal itching, swelling of the face and other parts of the body, and difficulty breathing within a few minutes of eating ripe mango fruit. the woman had no history of pollen or latex allergy. however, she reported instances of milder food allergic reactions to indian dill and cashew app ...200717982928
protection against hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative damage in rat erythrocytes by mangifera indica l. peel extract.phytochemicals such as polyphenols and carotenoids are gaining importance because of their contribution to human health and their multiple biological effects such as antioxidant, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic and cytoprotective activities and other therapeutic properties. mango peel is a major by-product in pulp industry and it contains various bioactive compounds like polyphenols, carotenoids and others. in the present study, the protective effect of peel extracts of unripe and ripe mango fru ...200817919803
gastroprotective effect of mangiferin, a xanthonoid from mangifera indica, against gastric injury induced by ethanol and indomethacin in rodents.in search of novel gastroprotective agents, mangiferin, a naturally occurring glucosylxanthone from mangifera indica l. (anacardiaceae), was evaluated in mice on gastric injury induced by ethanol and indomethacin. the effects of mangiferin on gastric mucosal damage were assessed by determination of changes in mean gastric lesion area or ulcer score in mice and on gastric secretory volume and total acidity in 4-h pylorus-ligated rats. mangiferin (3, 10 and 30 mg/kg, p. o.) significantly attenuate ...200717918041
effect of exogenous ethylene on acc content and acc oxidase activity during ripening of manila mangoes subjected to hot water treatment.mangoes (mangifera indica l.) 'manila' were subjected to the usda-approved hot water treatment and then exposed to synthetic air mixtures containing 0.5, 0.75 or 1 ml l(-1) of ethylene for 6, 12 or 18 h at 25 degrees c, to induce accelerated ripening. after treatment the mangoes were allowed to ripen in air at 24-25 degrees c. the content of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) and acc oxidase (aco) activity increased in fruit treated with 0.5 and 0.75 ml l(-1) of ethylene for 6 or 12 h. ...200717906930
an evaluation of some trinidadian plant extracts against larvae of aedes aegypti mosquitoes.in recent times, bioprospecting for plants that show bioactive properties has yielded many chemicals that can be used in controlling mosquitoes. crude extracts of 4 terrestrial and 3 mangrove plants were assayed against 2-3 larval instars of aedes aegypti. among the plants tested, cordia curassavica showed the highest levels of activity for all the extracts tested. azadirachta indica showed the least activity, whereas the 2 cultivars of mangifera indica showed substantial activity for the aqueou ...200717847850
sex ratio and fruit setting in mango (mangifera indica l.). 195417732379
biochemical parameters of plants as indicators of air pollution.in the present study species like mangifera indica, linn., cassia fistula, linn., and eucalyptus hybrid were exposed to different air pollution load for short duration (active biomonitoring). variation in biochemical parameters like chlorophyll, protein, soluble sugar free amino acid, ascorbic acid, nitrate reductase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase in the leaves were found to be pollution load dependent. these variations can be used as indicators of air pollution for early diagnosis of stre ...200717717999
heavy metal accumulation in lichens growing in north side of lucknow city, india.accumulation of pb, fe, cr, zn, cd, ni, cu and hg metals in six common lichen species growing on mangifera indica trees in mango orchard surrounding the north side of the lucknow city, were analyzed. the study revealed the higher concentration of pb (3.3 - 15.6 microgg(-1)), cr (25.6 - 137.5 microgg(-1)), zn (49.4 - 219.7 microgg(-1)), cu (10.2 - 66.6 microgg(-1)) and fe (1748 - 19374 microgg(-1)).200717717985
varietal differences in the bioaccessibility of beta-carotene from mango (mangifera indica) and papaya (carica papaya) fruits.mango and papaya, which are rich sources of beta-carotene, are widely consumed in india. in this study, beta-carotene content and its bioaccessibility were determined in six locally available varieties of mango, namely, badami, raspuri, mallika, malgoa, totapuri, and neelam, and two varieties of papaya, namely, honey dew and surya. varietal differences were evident in both beta-carotene content and its bioaccessibility in the case of mango. beta-carotene content in ripe mango ranged from 0.55 +/ ...200717715885
lack of in vivo embryotoxic and genotoxic activities of orally administered stem bark aqueous extract of mangifera indica l. (vimang).mango (mangifera indica l.) stem bark aqueous extract (msbe) is a new natural product with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects known by the brand name of its formulations as vimang. previously, the oral toxicity studies of the extract showed a low toxicity potential up to 2000 mg/kg. this work reports the results about teratogenic and genotoxicologic studies of msbe. for embryotoxicity study, msbe (20, 200, or 2000 mg/kg/day) was given to sprague-dawley rats by gavage on ...200717686561
ecological niche of cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii and cryptococcus gattii in decaying wood of trunk hollows of living trees in jabalpur city of central india.cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii and c. gattii were repeatedly isolated from decaying wood of trunk hollows in living trees growing in jabalpur city in central india. the isolation of c. gattii has been reported from decayed wood inside trunk hollow of tamarindus indica (15.6%), mangifera indica (2.2%), pithecolobium dulce (12.5%), syzygium cumini (14%), and one from bark of s. cumini. c. n. var. grubii was isolated from decaying wood debris of t. indica (4.4%), m. indica (13.3%), terminalia ...200717661160
effects of mangifera indica l. aqueous extract (vimang) on primary culture of rat hepatocytes.vimang is an aqueous extract from stem bark of mangifera indica l. (mango) with pharmacological properties. it is a mixture of polyphenols (as main components), terpenoids, steroids, fatty acids and microelements. in the present work we studied the cytotoxic effects of vimang on rat hepatocytes, possible interactions of the extract with drug-metabolizing enzymes and its effects on gsh levels and lipid peroxidation. no cytotoxic effects were observed after 24 h exposure to vimang of up to 1000 mi ...200717651882
acetobacter senegalensis sp. nov., a thermotolerant acetic acid bacterium isolated in senegal (sub-saharan africa) from mango fruit (mangifera indica l.).a thermotolerant acetic acid bacterium, designated strain cwbi-b418(t), isolated in senegal from mango fruit (mangifera indica), was characterized in detail by means of genotypic and phenotypic methods. the novel strain was strictly aerobic and exhibited optimal growth on ygm medium at 35 degrees c. cells were gram-negative, motile and coccoid. the strain was assigned to the genus acetobacter on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. dna-dna hybridization experiments with its phylogenetic ...200717625197
extraction of multi-class pesticide residues in mango fruits (mangiferae indica l.): application of pesticide residues in monitoring of mangoes. 200717618379
electron-beam ionizing radiation stress effects on mango fruit (mangifera indica l.) antioxidant constituents before and during postharvest storage.the effect of electron-beam ionizing radiation stress and storage on mango fruit antioxidant compounds was evaluated in a dose range of 1-3.1 kgy. phenolic high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) profiles were not affected right after the irradiation process; however, an increase in flavonol constituents was observed after 18 days in storage (3.1 kgy). total phenolics by the folin ciocalteu method and antioxidant capacity (orac) were not affected, while reduced ascorbic acid decreased appr ...200717602495
effects of an african weaver ant, oecophylla longinoda, in controlling mango fruit flies (diptera: tephritidae) in benin.six mango, mangifera indica l., plantations around parakou, northern benin, were sampled at 2-wk intervals for fruit fly damage from early april to late may in 2005. mean damage ranged from 1 to 24% with a weaver ant, oecophylla longinoda (latreille), being either abundant or absent. the fruit fly complex is made up of ceratitis spp. and bactrocera invadens drew et al., a new invasive species in west africa. in 2006, ceratitis spp. peaked twice in the late dry season in early april and early may ...200717598527
cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of aqueous extracts of five medicinal plants on allium cepa linn.the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of aqueous extracts of five medicinal plants: azadirachta indica (a. juss), morinda lucida (benth.), cymbopogon citratus (dc stapf.), mangifera indica (linn.) and carica papaya (linn.) was evaluated using the allium cepa assay. the extracts were prepared with tap water as practised locally. onion bulbs were exposed to 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50%; and 1, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20% concentrations (v/v) of each of the extracts for macroscopic and microscopic analyses, respectiv ...200717572030
management of hazardous road derived respirable particulates using magnetic properties of tree leaves.the magnetic properties of tree leaves along with their ecological, economical and aesthetic importance can be used to control road derived respirable particulates. isothermal remanent magnetization (irm(300) mt) of three different tree leaves viz. mango (mangifera indica), sisso (dalbergia sisso) and banyan (ficus benghalensis) were determined and irm(300) mt normalized for the leaf area. the normalized 2-d magnetization of leaves as shown by results is dominantly controlled by leaf morphology ...200817564792
antibacterial properties of traditionally used indian medicinal plants.in search of broad-spectrum antibacterial activity from traditionally used indian medicinal plants, 66 ethanolic plant extracts were screened against nine different bacteria. of these, 39 extracts demonstrated activity against six or more test bacteria. twelve extracts showing broad-spectrum activity were tested against specific multidrug-resistant (mdr) bacteria, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and extended spectrum beta-lactamases (esbetal)-producing enteric bacteria. in vit ...200717440624
mango profilin: cloning, expression and cross-reactivity with birch pollen profilin bet v 2.mango can cause severe anaphylactic reactions. profilin has been assumed partly responsible for the cross-reactivity between mango fruit and other allergens but has not been finally clarified. in this study, two isoforms of mango fruits profilin were amplified by rt-pcr and 3'race from total rna. each mango profilin cdna includes an open reading frame coding for 131 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence of the corresponding protein show high identity with other allergenic profilins. expre ...200817417721
organochlorine pesticides and metabolites in young leaves of mangifera indica from sites near a point source in coast region, tanzania.young leaves of mangifera indica (mango tree) from nine sites were used as bioindicators of local atmospheric contamination by organochlorine pesticides and metabolites from a point source, an old storage site at vikuge farm in tanzania. sample extracts were analysed by gc-ecd and gc-ms. the concentrations ranged 2.7-649 ng g(-1)p,p'-ddt, below detection limit (bdl)-290 ng g(-1) o,p'-ddt, 0.4-13 ng g(-1) p,p'-dde, bdl to 4 ng g(-1) o,p'-dde, 1-231 ng g(-1) p,p'-ddd and 0.5-55 ng g(-1) o,p'-ddd. ...200717395245
biotechnological advances in mango (mangifera indica l.) and their future implication in crop improvement: a review.biotechnology can complement conventional breeding and expedite the mango improvement programmes. studies involving in vitro culture and selection, micropropagation, embryo rescue, genetic transformation, marker-assisted characterization and dna fingerprinting, etc. are underway at different centers worldwide. in vitro culture and somatic embryogenesis of several different genotypes have been achieved. the nucellus excised from immature fruitlets is the appropriate explant for induction of embry ...200717321096
comparison of major and trace element concentrations in 16 varieties of cuban mango stem bark (mangifera indica l.).an aqueous decoction of mango (mangifera indica l.) stem bark (msb) has been developed in cuba on an industrial scale to be used as a nutritional supplement, cosmetic, and phytomedicine, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunomodulatory properties. the concentration of major and trace elements was determined for 16 varieties of msb belonging to two cultivars and grown in cuba in the same soil (red ferralytic). plants were classified into two groups, according to the tree age ( ...200717311401
characterization of major and minor alk(en)ylresorcinols from mango (mangifera indica l.) peels by high-performance liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry.5-alkyl- and 5-alkenylresorcinols, as well as their hydroxylated derivatives, were extracted from mango (mangifera indica l.) peels, purified on polyamide and characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (hplc/apci-ms) for the first time. among the 15 compounds analyzed, 3 major and 12 minor c(15)-, c(17)-, and c(19)-substituted resorcinols and related analogues, showing varying degrees of unsaturation, were characterized by t ...200717295361
(z)-11-hexadecenal and (3z,6z,9z)-tricosatriene: sex pheromone components of the red banded mango caterpillar deanolis sublimbalis.the sex pheromone of the red banded mango caterpillar, deanolis sublimbalis (lepidoptera: crambidae), a serious pest of the mango mangifera indica (anacardiaceae) in india and southeast asia and a recent invader into northern australia, has been identified. three candidate compounds were identified from pheromone gland extracts of female moths, using gas chromatography (gc), gc-electroantennographic detection and gc-mass spectrometric analyses, in conjunction with dimethyldisulfide derivatizatio ...200717265177
tocopherol and tocotrienol levels of foods consumed in hawaii.because of the individual biological effects and the uncertain or missing information on levels of tocopherols (t) and tocotrienols (t3) in foods frequently consumed in hawaii, 79 food items (50 in duplicate) were analyzed for alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol (alphat, betat, gammat, and deltat) and alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocotrienol (alphat3, betat3, gammat3, and deltat3) in addition to alpha-tocopheryl acetate (alphatac). foods from local markets were stored according to us ...200717263473
antioxidant in mango (mangifera indica l.) pulp.this work was carried out to investigate the pulp composition of four mango cultivars (haden, tommy atkins and ubá) at the ripening stage in relation to three components with antioxidant potential (total phenolics, carotenoids and ascorbic acid). total phenolic compound content was estimated by the folin-ciocalteu reagent and total carotenoid content by spectrophotometry at 450 nm. the contents of beta-carotene and total vitamin c (ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid) were quantified by high ...200717243011
an analysis of elastic and plastic fruit growth of mango in response to various assimilate supplies.changes in elastic and plastic components of mango (mangifera indica l. cv 'cogshall') fruit growth were analyzed with a model of fruit growth over time and in response to various assimilate supplies. the model is based on water relations (water potential and osmotic and turgor pressures) at the fruit level. variation in elastic fruit growth was modeled as a function of the elastic modulus and variation in turgor pressure. variation in plastic fruit growth was modeled using the lockhart (1965) e ...200717241964
protective effect of mangifera indica l. polyphenols on human t lymphocytes against activation-induced cell death.activation-induced cell death (aicd) plays an important role in maintenance of peripheral lymphocyte homeostasis. reactive oxygen species (ros) combined with simultaneous calcium (ca(2+)) influx into the cytosol are required for induction of aicd. the extract obtained from the stem bark of mangifera indica l. has shown to protect t cells from in vitro aicd. this extract is rich in polyphenolic compounds, the three main components of which are mangiferin (ma), catechin (c) and epicatechin (ec). t ...200717184998
effect of mangifera indica kernel as a feed additive on immunity and resistance to aeromonas hydrophila in labeo rohita fingerlings.the study evaluated the efficacy of dietary doses of mangifera indica (mango) kernel on the immune response and disease resistance of labeo rohita fingerlings against the bacterial pathogen aeromonas hydrophila infections in. l. rohita fingerlings fed diet containing 0 (control), 1g, 5 g, 10 g mango kernel kg(-1) dry diet for 60 days. biochemical (serum total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin:globulin ratio, blood glucose), haematological (wbc, rbc, haemoglobin content) and immunological (supe ...200717161956
[potential allelopathic effects of piper nigrum, mangifera indica and clausena lansium].with piper nigrum, mangifera indica and clausena lansium as the donators, this paper studied their potential allelopathic effects on the germination and growth of zea mays, glycine max, cucurbita moschata, arachis hypogaea, raphanus sativus, echinochloa crusgalli, digitaria sanguinalis and stylosanthes guianensis. the results showed that the aqueous extracts of these donators could inhibit the germination and growth of z. mays, g. max, c. moschata, e. crus-galli and d. sanguinalis at high concen ...200617147171
first record of sinoxylon conigerum gerstäcker (coleoptera: bostrichidae) in brazil.this is the first register of sinoxylon conigerum attacking timber of teak (tectona grandis l.f.), mango tree (mangifera indica l.) and (astronium fraxinifolium schott) in the municipalities of cuiabá and várzea grande, state of mato grosso, brazil.200617144148
pesticide bioconcentration modelling for fruit trees.the model presented allows simulating the pesticide concentration evolution in fruit trees and estimating the pesticide bioconcentration factor in fruits. pesticides are non-ionic organic compounds that are degraded in soils cropped with woody species, fruit trees and other perennials. the model allows estimating the pesticide uptake by plants through the water transpiration stream and also the time in which maximum pesticide concentration occur in the fruits. the equation proposed presents the ...200717092536
interaction of vimang (mangifera indica l. extract) with fe(iii) improves its antioxidant and cytoprotecting activity.a standard aqueous stem bark extract from selected species of mangifera indica l. (anacardiaceae)--vimang, whose major polyphenolic component is mangiferin, displays potent in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity. the present study provides evidence that the vimang-fe(iii) mixture is more effective at scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) and superoxide radicals, as well as in protecting against t-butyl hydroperoxide-induced mitochondrial lipid peroxidation and hypoxia/reoxygenation- ...200617000117
death and decay in the trees of mango (mangifera indica l.).death and decay of trees of mango (mangifera indica l.) var. kesar due to fungal infection was studied histologically. fungal infection in the trees was observed due to various reasons like mechanical injuries in the stem, pruning of the branches, through the inflorescences, attack of ambrosia beetle and termites. in the initial stage, fungal spores get settled on the flowers due to presence of nectar, followed by their germination and entry of the hypha into peduncle, which gradually spreads in ...200717000093
induction and cryopreservation of embryogenic cultures from nucelli and immature cotyledon cuts of mango (mangifera indica l. var zihua).in this paper, we described the direct somatic embryogenesis from both immature cotyledon cuts and nucelli in the same mango cultivar (mangifera indica l. var zihua), studied the effect of growth conditions of embryogenic cultures (ems) on cryopreservation and compared the cryopreservation response of ems induced from these two different explants. histological studies demonstrated that ems derived from nucelli could be induced directly from epidermal cells of both sides of nucelli, whereas ems d ...200716972094
chromoplast morphology and beta-carotene accumulation during postharvest ripening of mango cv. 'tommy atkins'.accumulation of beta-carotene and trans-cis isomerization of ripening mango mesocarp were investigated as to concomitant ultrastructural changes. proceeding postharvest ripening was shown by relevant starch degradation, tissue softening, and a rising sugar/acid ratio, resulting in a linear decrease (r (2) = 0.89) of a ripening index (rpi(ks)) with increasing ripening time. a modest accumulation of all-trans-beta-carotene and its cis isomers resulted in a slight pigmentation of the mango chromopl ...200616881676
effects of a natural extract from mangifera indica l, and its active compound, mangiferin, on energy state and lipid peroxidation of red blood cells.following oxidative stress, modifications of several biologically important macromolecules have been demonstrated. in this study we investigated the effect of a natural extract from mangifera indica l (vimang), its main ingredient mangiferin and epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) on energy metabolism, energy state and malondialdehyde (mda) production in a red blood cell system. analysis of mda, high energy phosphates and ascorbate was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc). un ...200616860486
evaluation of the genotoxic potential of mangifera indica l. extract (vimang), a new natural product with antioxidant activity.mangifera indica l. extract (vimang) consists of a defined mixture of components (polyphenols, terpenoids, steroids, fatty acids and microelements). it contains a variety of polyphenols, phenolic esters, flavan-3-ols and a xanthone (mangiferin), as main component. this extract has antioxidant action, antitumor and immunemodulatory effects proved in experimental models in both in vitro and in vivo assays. the present study was performed to investigate the genotoxicity potential activity of vimang ...200616857303
modulation of eosinophil generation and migration by mangifera indica l. extract (vimang).the effects of vimang, an aqueous extract of the stem bark of mangifera indica l. (anacardiaceae), on cell migration in an experimental model of asthma was investigated. in vivo treatment of toxocara canis-infected balb/c mice for 18 days with 50 mg/kg vimang reduced eosinophil migration into the bronchoalveolar space and peritoneal cavity. also, eosinophil generation in bone marrow and blood eosinophilia were inhibited in infected mice treated with vimang. this reduction was associated with inh ...200616846846
mangifera indica l. extract protects t cells from activation-induced cell death.the aqueous stem bark extract of mangifera indica l. (vimang) has been reported to have antioxidant properties. aids is characterized by up-regulation of cd95 ligand (cd95l) expression and enhancement of activation-induced cell death (aicd). recent studies demonstrate oxidative signals combined with simultaneous calcium (ca(2+)) influx into the cytosol are required for induction of cd95l expression. in this study we show that m. indica extract attenuated anti-cd3-induced accumulation of reactive ...200616846844
carotenoid pigments of badami mango fruit. 194616748070
the vitamin content of the mango fruit. 193316745225
protective effects of a standard extract of mangifera indica l. (vimang) against mouse ear edemas and its inhibition of eicosanoid production in j774 murine macrophages.a standard aqueous extract of mangifera indica l., used in cuba as antioxidant under the brand name vimang, was tested in vivo for its anti-inflammatory activity, using commonly accepted assays. the standard extract of m. indica, administered orally (50-200mg/kg body wt.), reduced ear edema induced by arachidonic acid (aa) and phorbol myristate acetate (pma) in mice. in the pma model, m. indica extract also reduced myeloperoxidase (mpo) activity. in vitro studies were performed using macrophage ...200616716910
effect of mangiferin on mitochondrial energy production in experimentally induced myocardial infarcted rats.mangiferin, from the leaves of mangifera indica linn., has been suggested as useful in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. in the present study this drug was examined on the alteration of cardiac energy metabolism in isoproterenol (isph) administered myocardial infarcted rats. isph (20 mg/kg b.w.), which was administered s.c. twice at an interval of 24 h, caused a significant decrease in the activities of tca cycle enzymes and antioxidant defense enzymes with a concomitant increase in the ...200616697266
abscission of mango fruitlets as influenced by enhanced ethylene biosynthesis.experiments were conducted on developing fruitlet explants of two mango (mangifera indica l.) cultivars to establish the source and dynamics of ethylene production prior to and during fruitlet abscission. abscission of all fruits in the samples occurred at approximately 86 and 74 hours postharvest in ;keitt' and ;tommy atkins,' respectively. increased abscission began 26 hours from harvest and was preceded by enhanced ethylene synthesis. enhanced ethylene production initiated approximately 48 ho ...198616665179
cytokinins of the developing mango fruit : isolation, identification, and changes in levels during maturation.the cytokinin activity has been isolated and identified from extracts of immature mango (mangifera indica l.) seeds. the structures of zeatin, zeatin riboside, and n(6)-(delta(2)-isopentenyl)adenine riboside were confirmed on the basis of their chromatographic behavior and mass spectra of trimethylsilyl derivatives. both trans and cis isomers of zeatin and zeatin riboside were also identified by the retention times of high performance liquid chromatography. in addition, an unidentified compound ...198316662830
incidence of ripening and chilling injury on the oxidative activities and fatty acid compositions of the mitochondria from mango fruits.the succinate oxidation capacities of mitochondria isolated from mango fruits (mangifera indica l.) stored at 4, 8, 12, and 20 c were investigated during storage. in normally ripening fruits (at 12 and 20 c) the oxidative capacities increased during the first 10 days and then decreased slowly. at lower temperatures (4 and 8 c), the fruits showed chilling injury symptoms, after about 10 days of storage and the succinate oxidation capacities of mitochondria decreased progressively. plots of succin ...197816660352
vitamin c concentration in developing and mature fruits of mango (mangifera indica l.). 195616654841
neoplastic transformation of balb/3t3 cells and cell cycle of hl-60 cells are inhibited by mango (mangifera indica l.) juice and mango juice extracts.the mango, mangifera indica l., is a fruit with high levels of phytochemicals, suggesting that it might have chemopreventative properties. in this study, whole mango juice and juice extracts were screened for antioxidant and anticancer activity. antioxidant activity of the mango juice and juice extracts was measured by 3 standard in vitro methods. the results of the 3 methods were in general agreement, although different radicals were measured in each. anticancer activity was measured by examini ...200616614420
role of mangiferin on biochemical alterations and antioxidant status in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats.the current study dealt with the protective role of mangiferin, a polyphenol from mangifera indica linn. (anacardiaceae), on isoproterenol (isph)-induced myocardial infarction (mi) in rats through its antioxidative mechanism. subcutaneous injection of isph (200 mg/kg body weight in 1 ml saline) to rats for 2 consecutive days caused myocardial damage in rat heart, which was determined by the increased activity of serum lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) and creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes (ck-mb), inc ...200616584858
anti-allergic properties of mangifera indica l. extract (vimang) and contribution of its glucosylxanthone mangiferin.vimang is the brand name of formulations containing an extract of mangifera indica l., ethnopharmacologically used in cuba for the treatment of some immunopathological disorders, including bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis and other allergic diseases. however, the effects of vimang on allergic response have not been reported until now. in this study, the effects of vimang and mangiferin, a c-glucosylxanthone isolated from the extract, on different parameters of allergic response are reported. ...200616536907
can the aqueous decoction of mango flowers be used as an antiulcer agent?this study was designed to determine the effect of mangifera indica flowers decoction, on the acute and subacute models of induced ulcer in mice and rats. a single oral administration of the aqueous decoction (ad) from m. indica up to a dose of 5 g/kg, p.o. did not produce any signs or symptom of toxicity in the treated animals. the oral pre-treatment with ad (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) in rats with gastric lesions induced by ethanol, decreased the gastric lesions from 89.0+/-6.71 (control group) ...200616500058
mangifera indica l. extract (vimang) inhibits 2-deoxyribose damage induced by fe (iii) plus ascorbate.vimang is an aqueous extract of selected species of mangifera indica l, used in cuba as a nutritional antioxidant supplement. many in vitro and in vivo models of oxidative stress have been used to elucidate the antioxidant mechanisms of this extract. to further characterize the mechanism of vimang action, its effect on the degradation of 2-deoxyribose induced by fe (iii)-edta plus ascorbate or plus hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase was studied. vimang was shown to be a potent inhibitor of 2-deoxyrib ...200616444664
biflavone from mangifera indiga.the phenolic extractive of the bark of mangifera indica yielded a known biflavone which was characterized by spectral and chemical methods as amentoflavone. this is the first report for the isolation of biflavon from mangifera indica.199216414715
phylogenetic and morphological re-evaluation of the botryosphaeria species causing diseases of mangifera indica.species of botryosphaeria are among the most serious pathogens that affect mango trees and fruit. several species occur on mangoes, and these are identified mainly on the morphology of the anamorphs. common taxa include dothiorella dominicana, d. mangiferae (= natrassia mangiferae), d. aromatica and an unidentified species, dothiorella 'long'. the genus name dothiorella, however, is acknowledged as a synonym of diplodia. this study aimed to characterize and name the botryosphaeria spp. associate ...200616389961
ceratocystis omanensis, a new species from diseased mango trees in oman.mango (mangifera indica) sudden decline is an important disease in oman, which is closely associated with infections by ceratocystis fimbriata and lasiodiplodia theobromae. another ceratocystis species has also been found associated with symptoms on diseased trees. in this study, we identify that ceratocystis based on morphology and dna sequences. morphological comparisons showed that the fungus from dying mango trees in oman is similar to c. moniliformis. both fungi have distinct hat-shaped asc ...200616388939
vimang (mangifera indica l. extract) induces permeability transition in isolated mitochondria, closely reproducing the effect of mangiferin, vimang's main component.mitochondrial permeability transition (mpt) is a ca(2+)-dependent, cyclosporin a (csa)-sensitive, non-selective inner membrane permeabilization process. it is often associated with apoptotic cell death, and is induced by a wide range of agents or conditions, usually involving reactive oxygen species (ros). in this study, we demonstrated that mangifera indica l. extract (vimang), in the presence of 20 microm ca(2+), induces mpt in isolated rat liver mitochondria, assessed as csa-sensitive mitocho ...200616352298
sos-red fluorescent protein (rfp) bioassay system for monitoring of antigenotoxic activity in plant extracts.an optical antigenotoxicity assay using genetically engineered red fluorescent bacteria is presented. exposure of escherichia coli rs4u to genotoxicants [mitomycin c (mmc), nalidixic acid (na) and hydrogen peroxide (hp)] resulted in phenotypic red fluorescence proportional to the concentration of the inducer. except for tannic acid (ta), co-treatment of the genotoxicant-activated bacteria with ascorbic acid (aa) and aqueous plant extracts (mangifera indica, psidium guajava and syzygium cumini) a ...200616321516
mangifera indica l. (vimang) protection against serum oxidative stress in elderly humans.we searched for the protective effect of a natural extract from stem bark of mangifera indica l. extract (vimang) on age-related oxidative stress.200616314203
[scytalidium dimidiatum an opportunistic fungus for both man and mangifera indica trees in venezuela].the purpose of this study was to confirm the presence of scytalidium dimidiatum on mangifera indica (mango) trees, in a plantation managed by a diabetic patient with a white grain mycetoma of the foot caused by the same fungus. samples from necrotic apices, roots, burned leaves and rotten stems from eight trees were processed by the smith and furcolow's mineral oil technique (modified). several isolates from the apex material and clinical samples from the diabetic patient isolated in pure cultur ...200516309356
cloning and characterization of differentially expressed genes of internal breakdown in mango fruit (mangifera indica).internal breakdown in mango fruits has become a major concern in recent years. this disorder renders the fruits unfit for human consumption. the overall loss due to this disorder is about 35-55%. environmental and physiological factors like high temperature, humidity, respiration and low transpiration rates have been attributed to cause spongy tissue due to reduced loss of heat from fruits. biochemical studies have shown that there is a reduction in ph, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid, total ...200616307821
evaluation of ash from some tropical plants of nigeria for the control of sclerotium rolfsii sacc. on wheat (triticum aestivum l.).eleven ash samples, from organs of nine tropical plants, were screened for their abilities to inhibit mycelial growth and sclerotial germination of a nigerian isolate of sclerotium rolfsii on agar and in the soil. ten ash samples showed some activity against mycelial growth of s. rolfsii in vitro. ash samples from delonix regia stem wood, mangifera indica leaf and vernonia amygdalina leaf were most effective as each totally inhibited mycelial growth of s. rolfsii in vitro. ocimum gratissimum lea ...199816284852
antiinflammatory, analgesic and hypoglycemic effects of mangifera indica linn. (anacardiaceae) stem-bark aqueous extract.previous studies in our laboratories and elsewhere have shown that some members of anacardiaceae family possess antiinflammatory, analgesic and hypoglycemic effects in man and mammalian experimental animals. the present study was, therefore, undertaken to examine the antiinflammatory, analgesic and antidiabetic properties of the stem-bark aqueous extract of mangifera indica linn., m. indica a member of the anacardiaceae family, in rats and mice. the stem-bark powder of m. indica was soxhlet extr ...200516273134
comment on volatile components from mango (mangifera indica l.) cultivars. 200516218696
influence of food acidulants on bioaccessibility of zinc and iron from selected food grains.four common acidulants in indian dietary, i. e., citric acid, tamarind (tamarindus indica), amchur (mangifera indica), and kokum (garcinia indica) were examined for a possible influence on the bioaccessibility of zinc from selected food grains. among the four acidulants examined, amchur and citric acid generally enhanced the bioaccessibility of zinc and iron from all the food grains studied. the increase in zinc bioaccessibility produced by citric acid was around 40% in rice and chickpea, while ...200516189798
capillary electrophoresis analysis of mangiferin extracted from mangifera indica l. bark and mangifera persiciformis c.y. wu et t.l. ming leaves.the flavonoid compound mangiferin is found in the leaves, stem bark, fruit peels and root of mangifera indica l. and in many other herbal species with many potential pharmacological properties. we have established an analytical method of mangiferin extracted from m. indica l. bark and mangifera persiciformis c.y. wu et t.l. ming leaves utilizing cze. an electrolytic buffer containing 0.05 m borate buffer, ph 7.4 with methanol (1:0.3, v/v) was deemed suitable for mangiferin analysis. an ideal man ...200516172028
[identification of an auxin response factor-like protein cdna from mango cotyledon section].auxin-responsive elements (auxre) interact with a new class of plant-specific transcription factors, auxin response factors (arfs). some of arfs have been shown to repress or activate expression of genes with an auxre promotor element. in arabidopsis, arfs play important roles in early embryo development and vascular strand formation (arf5), floral patterning (arf3) and photo- and gravitropic responses (arf7). two cut surfaces (distal and proximal) of mango (mangifera indica l. var. zi-hua) coty ...200416108491
preventing hepatocyte oxidative stress cytotoxicity with mangifera indica l. extract (vimang).vimang is an aqueous extract of mangifera indica used in cuba to improve the quality of life in patients suffering from inflammatory diseases. in the present study we evaluated the effects of vimang at preventing reactive oxygen species (ros) formation and lipid peroxidation in intact isolated rat hepatocytes. vimang at 20, 50 and 100 microg/ml inhibited hepatocyte ros formation induced by glucose-glucose oxidase. hepatocyte cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation induced by cumene hydroperoxide was ...200516086553
an aqueous stem bark extract of mangifera indica (vimang) inhibits t cell proliferation and tnf-induced activation of nuclear transcription factor nf-kappab.a commercial aqueous stem bark extract of mangifera indica l. (vimang) has been reported to have antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities. the molecular basis for these diverse properties is still unknown. this study shows that a stem bark extract of m. indica inhibits early and late events in t cell activation, including cd25 cell surface expression, progression to the s-phase of the cell cycle and proliferation in response to t cell receptor (tcr) stimulation. moreover, th ...200515934029
antioxidant activity of dhc-1, an herbal formulation, in experimentally-induced cardiac and renal damage.dhc-1, an herbal formulation derived from the popular plants bacopa monniera, emblica officinalis, glycyrrhiza glabra, mangifera indica and syzygium aromaticum was studied for its antioxidant activity. the protective effect of dhc-1 in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction and cisplatin-induced renal damage were studied. a significant reduction in the serum markers of heart and kidney damage and the extent of lipid peroxidation with a concomitant increase in the enzymatic (sod and cat) and ...200515934019
uptake of soil applied paclobutrazol in mango (mangifera indica l.) and its persistence in fruit and soil.paclobutrazol is a plant growth regulator that is used to counter alternate bearing habit of mango (mangifera indica l.). the uptake and persistence of paclobutrazol residues in mango fruits and soil respectively, was studied following its application at tree basin soil @5 and 10 g a.i. per tree for three consecutive years. residues of paclobutrazol were found in unripe mango fruits at levels below permissible level while the same was generally not detected in fully mature mango fruits ready for ...200515914235
isolation and partial characterization of mango (magnifera indica l.) starch: morphological, physicochemical and functional studies.mango (mangifera indica) is a fruit that grows in tropical regions. the aim of this work was to isolate the starch from two varieties of mango highly consumed in mexico ("criollo" and "manila"), and to evaluate its chemical composition, along with some morphological, physicochemical and functional properties. mango starch had an amylose content of about 13%, the fat content of "criollo" variety starch (0.1-0.12%), was similar to that of commercial corn starch used as control (0.2%); both mango s ...200515898353
radioprotection by mangiferin in dbaxc57bl mice: a preliminary study.the radioprotective effects of various concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 17.5, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg b.wt.) of mangiferin (mgn) was studied in the dbaxc57bl mice whole body exposed to 10 gy of gamma-irradiation. treatment of mice with different doses of mgn, one hour before irradiation reduced the symptoms of radiation sickness and delayed the onset of mortality when compared with the non-drug treated irradiated controls. the radioprotective action of mgn increased in a dose dependen ...200515830843
effect of mangiferin on radiation-induced micronucleus formation in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes.irradiation causes a variety of lesions in important biomolecules of the cell through generation of free radicals leading to genomic instability. dna strand breaks, acentric fragments, or defective kinetochores are manifested as micronuclei after the first cell division. chemicals that can trap free radicals may reduce the deleterious effects of ionizing radiation. mangiferin (mgn), a glucosylxanthone derived from mangifera indica (mango), was investigated for its ability to reduce the frequency ...200515795888
volatile components from mango (mangifera indica l.) cultivars.the volatile components of 20 mango cultivars were investigated by means of simultaneous distillation-extraction, gc, and gc-ms. three hundred and seventy-two compounds were identified, of which 180 were found for the first time in mango fruit. the total concentration of volatiles was approximately 18-123 mg/kg of fresh fruit. terpene hydrocarbons were the major volatiles of all cultivars, the dominant terpenes being delta-3-carene (cvs. haden, manga amarilla, macho, manga blanca, san diego, man ...200515769159
mangifera indica l. extract (vimang) inhibits fe2+-citrate-induced lipoperoxidation in isolated rat liver mitochondria.the extract of mangifera indica l. (vimang) is able to prevent iron mediated mitochondrial damage by means of oxidation of reduced transition metals required for the production of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals and direct free radical scavenging activity. in this study we report for the first time the iron-complexing ability of vimang as a primary mechanism for protection of rat liver mitochondria against fe2+ -citrate-induced lipoperoxidation. thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (tbars) a ...200515749457
response of laying hens and growing broilers to the dietary inclusion of mango (mangifera indica l.) seed kernel meal.studies were carried out to assess the nutritive value and utilization of mango (mangifera indica l.) seed kernel (msk) in the diets of layer and broiler chickens. the physical component of mango seeds was found to consist of 678 g/kg kernel, 292 g/kg shell and 30 g/kg testa. meal from the seed kernel contained 61.6 g crude protein, 136.2 g ether extract, 22.3 g ash, 46.4 g crude fibre, 673.5 g nitrogen-free extract and appreciable mineral content. in the layers trial, msk replaced maize weight ...200515742869
modeling effects of weather and source-sink relationships on mango fruit growth.we modeled the effects of weather and source-sink factors on mango fruit growth. the peach fruit-growth model "cashoo" was adapted for mango fruit. the model accounts for the main processes of fruit growth, i.e., leaf photosynthesis, fruit demand, fruit respiration, and storage and mobilization of leaf and stem reserves. simulations for three successive years and for various leaf-to-fruit ratio treatments showed good agreement with observed fruit growth data. simulations of fruit growth under di ...200515741151
effect of mangiferin on hyperglycemia and atherogenicity in streptozotocin diabetic rats.in the present study, the effect of mangiferin (a xanthone glucoside, isolated from the leaves of mangifera indica) on the atherogenic potential of streptozotocin (stz)-diabetes was investigated. in addition, the effect of mangiferin on oral glucose tolerance in glucose-loaded normal rats was also determined. the chronic intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of mangiferin (10 and 20 mg/kg) once daily (o.d.) for 28 days exhibited antidiabetic activity by significantly lowering fasting plasma gluc ...200515740886
screening of mango (mangifera indica l.) cultivars for their contents of flavonol o- and xanthone c-glycosides, anthocyanins, and pectin.with respect to their browning potential and in consideration of a combined recovery of pectin and phenolic compounds, peels of 14 cultivars and the flesh of nine cultivars of mango (mangifera indica l.) fruits were analyzed for their contents of flavonol o- and xanthone c-glycosides by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc)-diode array detection-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (esi-ms). while total amounts of up to 4860 mg/kg dry matter demonstrated the peels to be a rich sourc ...200515740041
isoprene emission from tropical tree species.foliar emission of isoprene was measured in nine commonly growing tree species of delhi, india. dynamic flow enclosure technique was used and gas samples were collected onto tenax-gc/carboseive cartridges, which were then attached to the sample injection system in the gas chromatograph (gc). eluting compounds were analysed using a flame ionisation detector (fid). out of the nine tree species, isoprene emission was found in six species (eucalyptus sp., ficus benghalensis, ficus religiosa, mangife ...200515701397
composting-vermicomposting of leaf litter ensuing from the trees of mango (mangifera indica).litter of the mango (mangifera indica) tree leaves was composted and then converted into vermicast by the action of the earthworm eudrilus eugeniae kinberg. after over nine months of continuous operation the vermireactors with 62.5 animals l(-1) generated approximately 13.6g vermicast per litre of reactor volume (l) per day (d) whereas the reactors with 75 animals l(-1) produced approximately 14.9 g vermicast l(-1) d(-1). this difference in performance of the reactors operating in duplicate at t ...200515668202
improved liquid chromatographic method for determination of carotenoids in taiwanese mango (mangifera indica l.).an hplc method was developed to determine the various carotenoids in taiwanese mango (mangifera indica l.). initially, the peel and seed of mangoes were removed, the pulps were cut into pieces, freeze-dried, ground into powder, extracted and subjected to hplc analysis. a mobile phase of methanol-isopropanol (99:1, v/v) (a) and methylene chloride (100%) (b) with the following gradient elution was developed: 100% a and 0% b in the beginning, maintained for 15 min, decreased to 70% a in 45 min, mai ...200415553152
alterations in fruit and vegetable beta-carotene and vitamin c content caused by open-sun drying, visqueen-covered and polyethylene-covered solar-dryers.this study investigated the effects of three drying methods (open sun drying, visqueen-covered solar dryer and polyethylene-covered solar dryer) on b-carotene and vitamin c content of edible portions of mango fruit (mangifera indica) and cowpea leaves (vigna unguiculata). commercial samples were analysed for vitamin c by titrimetry and b-carotene by spectrophotometry at 450 nm. differences in vitamin retention and loss associated with the three drying methods were assessed by analysis of varianc ...200415477192
necrosis of the mango fruit. 195015427345
rooting of haden mango (mangifera indica l.) leaf-budding cuttings. 195015424671
hormone induced set and parthenocarpy in mango (mangifera indica l.). 194915398804
characterization of gallotannins and benzophenone derivatives from mango (mangifera indica l. cv. 'tommy atkins') peels, pulp and kernels by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.polyphenolics were extracted from peels, pulp and kernels of mango fruits (mangifera indica l. cv. 'tommy atkins') and characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. in the peel 18 gallotannins and five benzophenone derivatives were detected which were tentatively identified as galloylated maclurin and iriflophenone glucosides. twenty-one and eight gallotannins were found in the kernels and pulp, respectively, whereas no evidence for the presen ...200415384138
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