| compatible glrav-3 viral infections affect berry ripening decreasing sugar accumulation and anthocyanin biosynthesis in vitis vinifera. | virus infections in grapevine cause important economic losses and affect fruit quality worldwide. although the phenotypic symptoms associated to viral infections have been described, the molecular plant response triggered by virus infection is still poorly understood in vitis vinifera. as a first step to understand the fruit changes and mechanisms involved in the compatible grapevine-virus interaction, we analyzed the berry transcriptome in two stages of development in the red wine cultivar cabe ... | 2011 | 21786204 |
| resveratrol ameliorates tnfa-mediated suppression of erythropoiesis in human cd34(+) cells via modulation of nf-?b signalling. | overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor alpha (tnfa), has been implicated in the pathogenesis of anaemia of inflammation. tnfa suppresses erythroid colony formation via both direct and indirect effects on haematopoietic progenitors, often involving activation of nuclear factor (nf)-?b signalling resulting in downregulation of transcription factors critical for erythropoiesis. there is a dearth of effective and safe therapies for many patients with inflammat ... | 2011 | 21762122 |
| phenolic composition of the brazilian seedless table grape varieties brs clara and brs morena. | the detailed phenolic composition (anthocyanins, flavonols, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, stilbenes, and flavan-3-ols) in the skin and flesh of the new brs clara and brs morena seedless table grapes has been studied using hplc-dad-esi-ms/ms. the two grapes, especially brs morena, contained high amounts of phenolic compounds, mainly located in their skins and qualitatively not different from those found in vitis vinifera grapes. in addition, brs morena (a teinturier variety) showed qualitativ ... | 2011 | 21714563 |
| topical grape (vitis vinifera) seed extract promotes repair of full thickness wound in rabbit. | in recent years, oxidative stress and free radicals have been implicated in impaired wound healing. grape (vitis vinifera) seed extract (gse) possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. the present study was undertaken to assess the potential activity of grape seed hydroalcoholic extract in wound healing in rabbits. rabbits of either sex were subjected to a 20 +ù 20 mm square excision made over the skin of the back. the animals were randomly divided into seven experimental groups, as ... | 2011 | 21816000 |
| stilbenes and tyrosol as target compounds in the assessment of antioxidant and hypolipidemic activity of vitis vinifera red wines from southern brazil. | the contents of stilbene monomers, cis-resveratrol, trans-resveratrol, cis-piceid, trans-piceid, and tyrosol, were quantified in vitis vinifera red wines, cvs. cabernet franc, merlot, sangiovese, and syrah, 2006 and 2007 vintages, from the sa¦âo joaquim region, a new grape-growing region at southern brazil. moreover, the effect of chronic consumption of these wines on the antioxidant and hypolipidemic activities was monitored in c57bl6 ldl receptor knockout mice and treated with a hypercholester ... | 2011 | 21718033 |
| metabolic disorders and oxidative stress programming in offspring of rats fed a high-fat diet during lactation: effects of a vinifera grape skin (ach09) extract. | this study examined the effect of vitis vinifera grape skin ach09 extract (ach09) on metabolic disorders and oxidative stress in adult offspring of rats fed a high-fat diet (hf) during lactation. four groups of female rats were fed: control diet (7% fat); ach09 (7% fat + 200 mg-àkg-àd ach09 orally); hf (24% fat); hf+ ach09 (24% fat + 200 mg-àkg-àd ach09 orally) during lactation. from weaning onward, all female offspring were fed a control diet and killed when they were 90 or 180 days old. systol ... | 2011 | 21697730 |
| the structure of xylem vessels in grapevine (vitaceae) and a possible passive mechanism for the systemic spread of bacterial disease. | xylem-dwelling pathogens become systemic, suggesting that microorganisms move efficiently in the xylem. to better understand xylem pathways and how bacteria move within the xylem, vessel connectivity between stems and leaves of vitis vinifera cv. chardonnay and muscadinia rotundifolia cv. cowart was studied. three methods were used: (1) the light-producing bacterium, yersinia enterocolitica, (ye) strain gy5232 was loaded into petioles and followed using x-ray film, (2) fluorescent beads were loa ... | 2006 | 21646209 |
| hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of grapeseeds against ethanol-induced oxidative stress in rats. | the present study was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect and antioxidant role of grape (vitis vinifera l.) seeds (gs) against ethanol-induced oxidative stress. the hepatoprotective and antioxidant roles of the gs supplementation feed against ethanol-induced oxidative stress were evaluated by measuring liver damage serum marker enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, +¦-glutamyl transpeptidase and lactate dehydrogenase, antioxidant defence system such as gs ... | 2011 | 21733325 |
| isolation, identification and sequence analysis of a thioredoxin h gene, a member of subgroup iii of h-type trxs from grape (vitis vinifera l. cv. askari). | thioredoxins (trxs) are small ubiquitous proteins which play a regulatory role in a variety of cellular processes. in contrast to other organisms, plants have a great number of trx types, consisting of six well-defined groups: f, m, x, and y in chloroplasts, o in mitochondria, and h mainly in cytosol. a full-length cdna, designated vvcxxs2, encoding trx h polypeptide was isolated and cloned from grape (vitis vinifera l. cv. askari) berries organ by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ... | 2011 | 21732058 |
| resistance to plasmopara viticola in a grapevine segregating population is associated with stilbenoid accumulation and with specific host transcriptional responses. | abstract: | 2011 | 21838877 |
| comparison of dry, wet and microwave digestion methods for the multi element determination in some dried fruit samples by icp-oes. | the aim of this study was used to investigate the level of trace metals (ba, pb, cd, mn, cr, co, ni, cu, mn, zn, sr and fe) in some dried fruits (prunus domestica l., ficus carica l., morus alba l., vitis vinifera l., prunus armeniaca l., and malus domestica) samples from turkey. trace elements were determined by icp-oes after dry, wet and microwave digestion methods in dried fruit samples. validation of the proposed method was carried out by using a nist-srm 1515-apple leaves certified referenc ... | 2011 | 21843582 |
| The effects of grape seeds polyphenols on SKH-1 mice skin irradiated with multiple doses of UV-B. | The study investigated the protective activity of red grape seeds (Vitis vinifera L, Burgund Mare variety) (BM) extracts in vivo on multiple doses of ultraviolet radiation (UV)-B-induced deleterious effects in SKH-1 mice skin. Eighty 8-weeks-old female SKH-1 mice were divided into 8 groups: control, vehicle, UV-B irradiated, vehicle+UV-B irradiated, BM 2.5mg polyphenols (PF)/cm(2)+UV-B irradiated, BM 4 mg PF/cm(2)+UV-B irradiated, UV-B+BM 2.5mg PF/cm(2), UV-B+BM 4 mg PF/cm(2). The extract was ap ... | 2011 | 21925895 |
| Proteomic analysis of the compatible interaction between Vitis vinifera and Plasmopara viticola. | We analyzed the proteome of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) leaves 24, 48 and 96h post infection (hpi) with the downy mildew pathogen Plasmopara viticola. Total proteins were separated on 2-DE gels. By MS analysis, we identified 82 unique grapevine proteins differentially expressed after infection. Upregulated proteins were often included in the functional categories of general metabolism and stress response, while proteins related to photosynthesis and energy production were mostly downregulated. As ... | 2011 | 22120121 |
| modeling cold curing of pierce's disease in vitis vinifera 'pinot noir' and 'cabernet sauvignon' grapevines in california. | pierce's disease (pd) of vitis vinifera grapevines is caused by the bacterium xylella fastidiosa, a pathogen with a wide plant host range. exposure of x. fastidiosa-infected plant tissue to cold temperatures has been shown to be effective at eliminating the pathogen from some plant hosts such as grapevines. this "cold curing" phenomenon suggests itself as a potential method for disease management and perhaps control. we investigated cold therapy of pd-affected 'pinot noir' and 'cabernet sauvigno ... | 2011 | 22070280 |
| Aqueous extract from Vitis vinifera tendrils is able to enrich keratinocyte antioxidant defences. | An aqueous extract of V. vinifera L. tendrils was evaluated for its ability to enrich the antioxidant capacity of cultured cells. The long-time antioxidant capability of the extract was measured by in vitro chemical methods, and its influence on reduced glutathione levels and plasma membrane oxido reductase activity was determined in cultured human keratinocytes (NCTC 2544). Keratinocytes are cells normally exposed to oxidative stress, and for this reason adequately equipped with antioxidant def ... | 2011 | 21941905 |
| Host suitability and gas exchange response of grapevines to potato leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). | Although potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), is highly polyphagous, classic host studies do not recognize grapevines (Vitis spp.), as suitable hosts. Recently, injury has been reported and reproduction documented within grape vineyards, suggesting a host expansion for the leafhopper. To document this apparent expansion in host use, we determined whether grape plants were suitable hosts for potato leafhopper reproduction, measured the consequence of feeding injur ... | 2011 | 21882698 |
| Investigation of the Volatile Composition of Pinotage Wines Fermented with Different Malolactic Starter Cultures Using Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Coupled to Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC×GC-TOF-MS). | Headspace solid phase microextraction in combination with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC×GC-TOF-MS) was used for the detailed investigation of the impact of malolactic fermentation (MLF) using three commercial Oenococcus oeni strains on the volatile composition of Vitis vinifera cv. Pinotage wines. GC×GC allowed the identification of 115 volatile compounds, including both major constituents and trace-level compounds, i ... | 2011 | 22023396 |
| a multidisciplinary study on the effects of phloem-limited viruses on the agronomical performance and berry quality of vitis vinifera cv. nebbiolo. | viral infections are known to have a detrimental effect on grapevine yield and performance, but there is still a lack of knowledge about their effect on the quality and safety of end products. vines of vitis vinifera cv. nebbiolo clone 308, affected simultaneously by grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (glrav-1), grapevine virus a (gva), and rupestris stem pitting associated virus (rspav), were subjected to integrated analyses of agronomical performance, grape berry characteristics, instrument ... | 2011 | 21856458 |
| Dietary agents in the prevention of alcohol-induced hepatotoxicty: preclinical observations. | Long term alcohol consumption is one of the important causes for liver failure and death. To complicate the existing problem there are no dependable hepatoprotective drugs and a large number of patients prefer using complementary and alternative medicines for treating and managing hepatic complications. Almost 25 centuries ago, Hippocrates, the father of medicine, proclaimed "Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food." Exploring the association between diet and health continues even toda ... | 2011 | 22119904 |
| Analysis of high-identity segmental duplications in the grapevine genome. | Segmental duplications (SDs) are blocks of genomic sequence of 1-200 kb that map to different loci in a genome and share a sequence identity > 90%. SDs show at the sequence level the same characteristics as other regions of the human genome: they contain both high-copy repeats and gene sequences. SDs play an important role in genome plasticity by creating new genes and modeling genome structure. Although data is plentiful for mammals, not much was known about the representation of SDs in plant g ... | 2011 | 21871077 |
| the microbial ecology of wine grape berries. | grapes have a complex microbial ecology including filamentous fungi, yeasts and bacteria with different physiological characteristics and effects upon wine production. some species are only found in grapes, such as parasitic fungi and environmental bacteria, while others have the ability to survive and grow in wines, constituting the wine microbial consortium. this consortium covers yeast species, lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria. the proportion of these microorganisms depends on th ... | 2011 | 22189021 |
| black fungi and associated bacterial communities in the phyllosphere of grapevine. | in this study we investigate bacterial communities in association with an enriched black-fungal community in the plant phyllosphere to test whether these fungi create an environment for specific bacteria. under organic conditions of agriculture, grapevine plants (vitis vinifera) display an increased occurrence of the black fungi aureobasidium pullulans and epicoccum nigrum. their enrichment agrees with the tolerance of these fungi to copper and sulphate, both used as main fungicides in organic v ... | 2011 | 21944210 |
| structural and kinetic analysis of the unnatural fusion protein 4-coumaroyl-coa ligase::stilbene synthase. | to increase the biochemical efficiency of biosynthetic systems, metabolic engineers have explored different approaches for organizing enzymes, including the generation of unnatural fusion proteins. previous work aimed at improving the biosynthesis of resveratrol, a stilbene associated a range of health-promoting activities, in yeast used an unnatural engineered fusion protein of arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) 4-coumaroyl-coa ligase (at4cl1) and vitis vinifera (grape) stilbene synthase (v ... | 2011 | 22129213 |
| Constitutive expression of a grapevine polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein affects gene expression and cell wall properties in uninfected tobacco. | ABSTRACT: | 2011 | 22078230 |
| antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of selected egyptian medicinal plants. | medicinal plants have been used as a source of remedies since ancient times in egypt. the present study was designed to investigate the antibacterial activity and the cytotoxicity of the organic extracts from 16 selected medicinal plants of egypt. the study was also extended to the isolation of the antiproliferative compound jaeschkeanadiol p-hydroxybenzoate (fh-25) from ferula hermonis. the microbroth dilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) of the samples aga ... | 2011 | 22057918 |
| the orf3-encoded proteins of vitiviruses gva and gvb induce tubule-like and punctate structures during virus infection and localize to the plasmodesmata. | the genomic rna of vitiviruses contains 5 open reading frames (orf). orf3 encodes a protein to which the function of a movement protein (mp) was assigned, based on sequence homology with other viral proteins. the aim of the research described in this paper was to gain further insight in distribution profile of the orf3 product encoded by the vitiviruses grapevine virus a (gva) and grapevine virus b (gvb). expression of the gva mp-gfp fusion protein via the virus genome in nicotiana benthamiana l ... | 2011 | 22051060 |
| characterization of potential aba receptors in vitis vinifera. | molecular control mechanisms for abiotic stress tolerance are based on the activation and regulation of specific stress-related genes. the phytohormone abscisic acid (aba) is a key endogenous messenger in a plant's response to such stresses. a novel aba binding mechanism which plays a key role in plant cell signaling cascades has recently been uncovered. in the absence of aba, a type 2c protein phosphatase (pp2c) interacts and inhibits the kinase snrk2. binding of aba to the pyr/pyls receptors e ... | 2011 | 22016084 |
| biological control of botrytis cinerea using the antagonistic and endophytic burkholderia cepacia cs5 for vine plantlet protection. | antifungal activity of the burkholderia cepacia cs5 was tested in vitro and in vivo for the control of botrytis cinerea . bacterial biomass was significantly improved by the amendment of znso(4), mo(7)(nh(4))(6)o(24), and mannitol to the nby medium; consequently, the amount of the secreted fungicides was increased. the quantification of b. cinerea inhibition, in liquid and solid conditions, showed an important sensitivity of this fungus to the strain cs5 fungicides. microscopic monitoring impact ... | 2011 | 22004162 |
| ankaferd hemostat in the management of gastrointestinal hemorrhages. | gastrointestinal (gi) bleeding refers to any hemorrhage ascribed to the pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, extending from the mouth to the anal canal. despite the recent improvements in the endoscopic, hemostatic and adjuvant pharmacologic techniques, the reported mortality is still around 5%-10% for peptic ulcer bleeding and about 15%-20% for variceal hemorrhages. although endoscopic management reduces the rates of re-bleeding, surgery, and mortality in active bleeding; early recurrence ... | 2011 | 22046083 |
| Biosynthesis of the major tetrahydroxystilbenes in spruce, astringin and isorhapontin, proceeds via resveratrol and is enhanced by fungal infection. | Stilbenes are dibenzyl polyphenolic compounds produced in several unrelated plant families that appear to protect against various biotic and abiotic stresses. Stilbene biosynthesis has been well described in economically important plants, such as grape (Vitis vinifera), peanut (Arachis hypogaea), and pine (Pinus species). However, very little is known about the biosynthesis and ecological role of stilbenes in spruce (Picea), an important gymnosperm tree genus in temperate and boreal forests. To ... | 2011 | 21865488 |
| functional effect of grapevine 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase substitution k284n on muscat flavour formation. | grape berries of muscat cultivars (vitis vinifera l.) contain high levels of monoterpenols and exhibit a distinct aroma related to this composition of volatiles. a structural gene of the plastidial methyl-erythritol-phosphate (mep) pathway, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (vvdxs), was recently suggested as a candidate gene for this trait, having been co-localized with a major quantitative trait locus for linalool, nerol, and geraniol concentrations in berries. in addition, a structured a ... | 2011 | 21868399 |
| Burkholderia phytofirmans strain PsJN primes Vitis vinifera L. and confers a better tolerance to low non-freezing temperatures. | Several endophytic bacteria reportedly induce resistance to biotic stress and abiotic stress tolerance in several plant species. Burkholderia phytofirmans strain PsJN (PsJN) is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) that is able to colonize grapevine tissues and induce resistance to gray mold. Further, PsJN induces physiological changes that increase grapevine tolerance to low non-freezing temperatures. To better understand how bacteria induced the observed phenomena, stress-related gene ... | 2011 | 21942451 |
| [construction of a bivalent plant expression vector carrying vvsuc11 and vvsuc12 genes and its genetic transformation in sugar beet]. | we have recombined genes vvsuc11, vvsuc12 from vitis vinifera l., and root-specific promoters of sweet potato storage protein gene from ipomoea batatas l. lam., named as sp1 and sp2. we have constructed a vector pcambia2301-sp1- vvsuc11-sp2-vvsuc12 using pcambia2301 as an original vector. vvsuc11 and vvsuc12 were under the control of root-specific promoters of sweet potato storage protein gene. we transformed the vector into kws-9103 breeding line of beta vulgaris l. with agrobacterium-mediated ... | 2011 | 22097805 |
| A single amino acid change within the R2 domain of the VvMYB5b transcription factor modulates affinity for protein partners and target promoters selectivity. | Flavonoid pathway is spatially and temporally controlled during plant development and the transcriptional regulation of the structural genes is mostly orchestrated by a ternary protein complex that involves three classes of transcription factors (R2-R3-MYB, bHLH and WDR). In grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), several MYB transcription factors have been identified but the interactions with their putative bHLH partners to regulate specific branches of the flavonoid pathway are still poorly understood. | 2011 | 21861899 |
| enhanced anthocyanins and resveratrol production in vitis vinifera cell suspension culture by indanoyl-isoleucine, n-linolenoyl-l-glutamine and insect saliva. | the effects of two synthetic elicitor indanoyl-isoleucine (in-ile), n-linolenoyl-l-glutamine (lin-gln) and one biotic elicitor insect saliva (from manduca sexta larvae) on plant cell cultures with respect to the induction of secondary metabolite production were investigated. stimulated production of secondary metabolites, particularly anthocyanins in plant cells and phenolic acids in culture medium, was studied by using suspension culture of vitis vinifera l. cv. gamay fréaux as a model system. ... | 2012 | 22133437 |
| chemopreventive effects of calluna vulgaris and vitis vinifera extracts on uvb-induced skin damage in skh-1 hairless mice. | solar ultraviolet radiation (uv) is a major cause of non-melanoma skin cancer in humans. photochemoprevention with natural products represents a simple but very effective strategy in the management of cutaneous neoplasia. the study investigated the protective activity of calluna vulgaris (cv) and red grape seeds (vitis vinifera l, burgund mare variety) (bm) extracts in vivo on uvb-induced deleterious effects in skh-1 mice skin. forty skh-1 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10): control ... | 2011 | 21893700 |
| hepatoprotective effects of total triterpenoids and total flavonoids from vitis vinifera l against immunological liver injury in mice. | suosuo grape (the fruits of vitis vinifera l) has been used for prevention and treatment of liver diseases in uighur folk medicine in china besides its edible value. in this study, the hepatoprotective effects of total triterpenoids (vtt) and total flavonoids (vtf) from suosuo grape were evaluated in bacille-calmette-guerin- (bcg-) plus-lipopolysaccharide- (lps-) induced immunological liver injury (ili) in mice. various dose groups (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg) of vtt and vtf alleviated the degree of ... | 2012 | 22262981 |
| vvbor1, the grapevine ortholog of atbor1 encodes an efflux boron transporter that is differentially expressed through reproductive development of vitis vinifera l. | boron (b) is an essential micronutrient for normal development of roots, shoots and reproductive tissues in plants. due to its role in the rhamnogalacturonan ii structure, a polysaccharide required for pollen tube growth, deficiency of b has been associated to the occurrence of parthenocarpic seedless grapes in some varieties of vitis vinifera l. despite of that, is unclear how b is mobilized and accumulated in reproductive tissues. here we describe the characterization of an efflux b transporte ... | 2012 | 22247248 |
| fermented grape marc (fgm): immunomodulating properties and its potential exploitation in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. | the onset of neurodegenerative diseases has become more frequent than in the past also in relation to inappropriate dietary habits adopted in the western world. nutraceuticals are currently investigated in order to prevent or retard the outcome of the so-called diet-related diseases, even including neurodegenerative pathologies. here, we have in vitro studied the ability of fermented grape marc (fgm) from negroamaro (n) and koshu (k) vitis vinifera to modulate the function of human peripheral bl ... | 2012 | 22211687 |
| cultivar-specific kinetics of gene induction during downy mildew early infection in grapevine. | the oomycete pathogen plasmopara viticola (berk. et curt.) berl. et de toni is the causing agent of the destructive downy mildew disease in grapevine. despite the advances towards elucidation of grapevine resistance mechanisms to downy mildew, increased knowledge of the biological and genetic components of the pathosystem is important to design suitable breeding strategies. previously, a cdna microarray approach was used to compare two vitis vinifera genotypes regent and trincadeira (resistant a ... | 2012 | 22246600 |
| vitis vinifera l. grape skin extract activates the insulin-signalling cascade and reduces hyperglycaemia in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. | this study examined the effect of vitis vinifera grape skin extract (ach09) on hyperglycaemia and the insulin-signalling cascade in alloxan-treated mice. | 2011 | 22221103 |
| effect of climate change on infection of grapevine by downy and powdery mildew under controlled environment. | plant responses to elevated co2 and temperature have been much studied in recent years, but effects of climate change on pathological responses are largerly unknown. the pathosystems grapevine (vitis vinifera) - downy mildew (plasmopara viticola) and powdery mildew (erysiphe necatrix) were chosen as models to assess the potential impact of increased co2 and temperature on disease incidence and severity under controlled environment. grapevine potted plants were grown in phytotrons under 4 differe ... | 2011 | 22702176 |
| haemostatic effect of ankaferd blood stopper(®) seen during adenoidectomy. | in turkey, ankaferd blood stopper(®) (abs) has been approved for the management of external haemorrhages and bleedings occurring during dental surgeries (goker et al., 2008). ankaferd comprises a standardized mixture of plants, including thymus vulgaris, glycyrrhiza glabra, vitis vinifera, alpinia officinarum, and urtica diodica. this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ab s tam ponade in the control of intra-operative bleeding occurring during ad enoidectomy performed in children under the ... | 2011 | 22654224 |
| nutraceutical properties and polyphenolic profile of berry skin and wine of vitis vinifera l. (cv. aglianico). | red grapes are rich in phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins and resveratrol, all substances which have been suggested as having nutraceutical and health benefits. the berry skin and wine of grape cultivar vitis vinifera l. (cv. aglianico), grown in basilicata (southern italy) were examined to determinate the presence of the above mentioned compounds as well as to establish the inorganic cation profile. hplc analysis coupled with lc-esi/ms/ms detected high contents of total flavonols and anthocyan ... | 2012 | 23692745 |
| effect of winemaking treatment and wine aging on phenolic content in vranec wines. | phenolic compounds and colour stability of red wines produced from vranec vitis vinifera l. grape variety were investigated by means of different maceration times (3, 6 and 10 days), two doses of so2 (30 and 70 mg/l so2), two yeasts for fermentation (vinalco and levuline), temperature of storage and time of aging (3, 6 and 16 months). in general, maceration time influenced the phenolics extraction from the grapes into the wine. highest concentrations of phenolic components were observed in the w ... | 2011 | 23572838 |
| nutritive value of different grape musts (vitis vinifera l.). | musts of 11 different grape sorts were analyzed for titratable acids, total sugars, nitrogen, vitamin b group (b1, b2, b6, pantothenic acid) and macro- and micro elements (k, ca, mg, fe, zn, cu, mn, mo). analyses were done on samples collected in 1983 and 1984. the nutritive value of each sample was characterised by indices based on the nutrient concentrations and recommended dietary allowances (rda). the nutritive values of the various grape must sorts were generally similar to those of the fol ... | 2012 | 3507685 |
| beneficial bacteria isolated from grapevine inner tissues shape arabidopsis thaliana roots. | we investigated the potential plant growth-promoting traits of 377 culturable endophytic bacteria, isolated from vitis vinifera cv. glera, as good biofertilizer candidates in vineyard management. endophyte ability in promoting plant growth was assessed in vitro by testing ammonia production, phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and iaa-like molecule biosynthesis, siderophore and lytic enzyme secretion. many of the isolates were able to mobilize phosphate (33%), release ammonium ( ... | 2015 | 26473358 |
| pyrosequencing detects human and animal pathogenic taxa in the grapevine endosphere. | generally, plants are not considered as hosts for human and animal pathogens (hap). the recent produce-associated outbreaks of food-borne diseases have drawn attention toward significant deficiencies in our understanding of the ecology of hap, and their potential for interkingdom transfer. to examine the association of microorganisms classified as hap with plants, we surveyed the presence and distribution of hap bacterial taxa (henceforth hapt, for brevity's sake) in the endosphere of grapevine ... | 2014 | 25071740 |
| endophytic bacterium pseudomonas fluorescens rg11 may transform tryptophan to melatonin and promote endogenous melatonin levels in the roots of four grape cultivars. | endophytes have been verified to synthesize melatonin in vitro and promote abiotic stress-induced production of endogenous melatonin in grape (vitis vinifera l.) roots. this study aimed to further characterize the biotransformation of tryptophan to melatonin in the endophytic bacterium pseudomonas fluorescens rg11 and to investigate its capacity for enhancing endogenous melatonin levels in the roots of different grape cultivars. using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrome ... | 2016 | 28119731 |
| a draft genome sequence of pseudomonas veronii r4: a grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) root-associated strain with high biocontrol potential. | a new plant commensal pseudomonas veronii isolate (strain r4) was identified from a xiphinema index biocontrol screen. isolated from grapevine roots from vineyards in central chile, the strain r4 exhibited a slower yet equivalently effective nematicide activity as the well-characterized p. protegens cha0. whole genome sequencing of strain r4 and comparative analysis among the available pseudomonas spp. genomes allowed for the identification of gene clusters that encode putative extracellular pro ... | 2016 | 27777646 |
| rhizotubes as a new tool for high throughput imaging of plant root development and architecture: test, comparison with pot grown plants and validation. | in order to maintain high yields while saving water and preserving non-renewable resources and thus limiting the use of chemical fertilizer, it is crucial to select plants with more efficient root systems. this could be achieved through an optimization of both root architecture and root uptake ability and/or through the improvement of positive plant interactions with microorganisms in the rhizosphere. the development of devices suitable for high-throughput phenotyping of root structures remains ... | 2016 | 27279895 |
| expression of a grapevine nac transcription factor gene is induced in response to powdery mildew colonization in salicylic acid-independent manner. | tissue colonization by grape powdery mildew (pm) pathogen erysiphe necator (schw.) burr triggers a major remodeling of the transcriptome in the susceptible grapevine vitis vinifera l. while changes in the expression of many genes bear the signature of salicylic acid (sa) mediated regulation, the breadth of pm-induced changes suggests the involvement of additional regulatory networks. to explore pm-associated gene regulation mediated by other sa-independent systems, we designed a microarray exper ... | 2016 | 27488171 |
| genome and transcriptome analysis of the grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) wrky gene family. | the plant wrky gene family represents an ancient and complex class of zinc-finger transcription factors (tfs) that are involved in the regulation of various physiological processes, such as development and senescence, and in plant response to many biotic and abiotic stresses. despite the growing number of studies on the genomic organisation of wrky gene family in different species, little information is available about this family in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). in the present study, a total n ... | 2014 | 26504535 |
| insights into the bacterial community and its temporal succession during the fermentation of wine grapes. | grapes harbor complex microbial communities. it is well known that yeasts, typically saccharomyces cerevisiae, and bacteria, commonly the lactic acid fermenting oenococcus oeni, work sequentially during primary and secondary wine fermentation. in addition to these main players, several microbes, often with undesirable effects on wine quality, have been found in grapes and during wine fermentation. however, still little is known about the dynamics of the microbial community during the fermentatio ... | 2015 | 26347718 |
| a novel nucleus-targeted protein is expressed in barley leaves during senescence and pathogen infection. | the barley (hordeum vulgare) cdna hvs40 represents a gene with enhanced mrna level during leaf senescence. biolistic transformation of onion (allium cepa) epidermal cell layers with a glucuronidase fusion protein construct provided evidence that the 15.4-kd protein encoded by hvs40 is localized to the nucleus. expression of the gene is induced by jasmonate and salicylic acid; both are known to act as signaling compounds during senescence and defense toward pathogens. transcript levels of hvs40 w ... | 2002 | 12427984 |
| aba-dependent amine oxidases-derived h2o2 affects stomata conductance. | recently we showed that aba is at least partly responsible for the induction of the polyamine exodus pathway in vitis vinifera plants. both sensitive and tolerant plants employ this pathway to orchestrate stress responses, differing between stress adaptation and programmed cell death. herein we show that aba is an upstream signal for the induction of the polyamine catabolic pathway in vitis vinifera. thus, amine oxidases are producing h2o2 which signals stomata closure. moreover, the previously ... | 2010 | 21490422 |
| downy mildew resistance induced by trichoderma harzianum t39 in susceptible grapevines partially mimics transcriptional changes of resistant genotypes. | downy mildew, caused by plasmopara viticola, is one of the most severe diseases of grapevine and is commonly controlled by fungicide treatments. the beneficial microorganism trichoderma harzianum t39 (t39) can induce resistance to downy mildew, although the molecular events associated with this process have not yet been elucidated in grapevine. a next generation rna sequencing (rna-seq) approach was used to study global transcriptional changes associated with resistance induced by t39 in vitis v ... | 2012 | 23173562 |
| proteomic analysis of grapevine resistance induced by trichoderma harzianum t39 reveals specific defence pathways activated against downy mildew. | downy mildew is caused by the oomycete plasmopara viticola and is one of the most serious diseases of grapevine. the beneficial microorganism trichoderma harzianum t39 (t39) has previously been shown to induce plant-mediated resistance and to reduce the severity of downy mildew in susceptible grapevines. in order to better understand the cellular processes associated with t39-induced resistance, the proteomic and histochemical changes activated by t39 in grapevine were investigated before and 1 ... | 2012 | 23105132 |
| genome-wide identification and analysis of the tify gene family in grape. | the tify gene family constitutes a plant-specific group of genes with a broad range of functions. this family encodes four subfamilies of proteins, including zml, tify, ppd and jasmonate zim-domain (jaz) proteins. jaz proteins are targets of the scf(coi1) complex, and function as negative regulators in the ja signaling pathway. recently, it has been reported in both arabidopsis and rice that tify genes, and especially jaz genes, may be involved in plant defense against insect feeding, wounding, ... | 2012 | 22984514 |
| investigation of phenolic acids in suspension cultures of vitis vinifera stimulated with indanoyl-isoleucine, n-linolenoyl-l-glutamine, malonyl coenzyme a and insect saliva. | vitis vinifera c.v. muscat de frontignan (grape) contains various high valuable bioactive phenolic compounds with pharmaceutical properties and industrial interest which are not fully exploited. the focus of this investigation consists in testing the effects of various biological elicitors on a non-morphogenic callus suspension culture of v. vinifera. the investigated elicitors: indanoyl-isoleucine (in), n-linolenoyl-l-glutamine (lg), insect saliva (is) and malonyl coenzyme a (mcoa) were aimed a ... | 2012 | 24957372 |
| isolation and characterization of isochorismate synthase and cinnamate 4-hydroxylase during salinity stress, wounding, and salicylic acid treatment in carthamus tinctorius. | salicylic acid (sa) is a prominent signaling molecule during biotic and abiotic stresses in plants biosynthesized via cinnamate and isochorismate pathways. cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (c4h) and isochorismate synthase (ics) are the main enzymes in phenylpropanoid and isochorismate pathways, respectively. to investigate the actual roles of these genes in resistance mechanism to environmental stresses, here, the coding sequences of these enzymes in safflower (carthamus tinctorius), as an oilseed indust ... | 2013 | 24309561 |
| evolution and expression analysis of the grape (vitis vinifera l.) wrky gene family. | wrky proteins comprise a large family of transcription factors that play important roles in plant defence regulatory networks, including responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. to date, no large-scale study of wrky genes has been undertaken in grape (vitis vinifera l.). in this study, a total of 59 putative grape wrky genes (vvwrky) were identified and renamed on the basis of their respective chromosome distribution. a multiple sequence alignment analysis using all predicted grape wrky ... | 2014 | 24510937 |
| unravelling the diversity of grapevine microbiome. | vitis vinifera is one of the most widely cultivated fruit crops with a great economic impact on the global industry. as a plant, it is naturally colonised by a wide variety of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms that interact with grapevine, having either beneficial or phytopathogenic effects, who play a major role in fruit yield, grape quality and, ultimately, in the evolution of grape fermentation and wine production. therefore, the objective of this study was to extensively charact ... | 2014 | 24454903 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel pathogenesis-related protein gene (gmprp) with induced expression in soybean (glycine max) during infection with phytophthora sojae. | pathogenesis-related proteins (pr proteins) play crucial roles in the plant defense system. a novel prp gene was isolated from highly resistant soybean infected with phytophthora sojae (p. sojae) and was named gmprp (genbank accession number: km506762). the amino acid sequences of gmprp showed identities of 74%, 73%, 72% and 69% with prp proteins from vitis vinifera, populus trichocarpa, citrus sinensis and theobroma cacao, respectively. quantitative real-time reverse transcription pcr (qrt-pcr) ... | 2015 | 26114301 |
| current understanding of grapevine defense mechanisms against the biotrophic fungus (erysiphe necator), the causal agent of powdery mildew disease. | the most economically important disease of cultivated grapevines worldwide is powdery mildew (pm) caused by the ascomycete fungus erysiphe necator. the majority of grapevine cultivars used for wine, table grape, and dried fruit production are derived from the eurasian grape species vitis vinifera because of its superior aroma and flavor characteristics. however, this species has little genetic resistance against e. necator meaning that grape production is highly dependent on the frequent use of ... | 2015 | 26504571 |
| jasmonates elicit different sets of stilbenes in vitis vinifera cv. negramaro cell cultures. | the plant phenol trans-resveratrol, which is mainly found in grape, displays a wide range of biological effects. a cell suspension culture was developed from calli of grape leaves of vitis vinifera cv. negramaro in order to study the bioproduction of resveratrol. the effects of a number of secondary plant metabolism elicitors, namely chitosan, methyl jasmonate, jasmonic acid, coronatine, and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid, were tested on this cell suspension culture. the identification and quantificat ... | 2015 | 25674504 |
| whole-metagenome-sequencing-based community profiles of vitis vinifera l. cv. corvina berries withered in two post-harvest conditions. | vitis vinifera l. cv. corvina grape forms the basis for the production of unique wines, such as amarone, whose distinctive sensory features are strongly linked to the post-harvest grape withering process. indeed, this process increases sugar concentration and changes must characteristics. while microorganisms involved in must fermentation have been widely investigated, few data are available on the microbiota of withered grapes. thus, in this paper, a whole metagenome sequencing (wms) approach w ... | 2016 | 27445999 |
| the xylella fastidiosa pd1063 protein is secreted in association with outer membrane vesicles. | xylella fastidiosa is a gram-negative, xylem-limited plant pathogenic bacterium that causes disease in a variety of economically important agricultural crops including pierce's disease of grapevines. xylella fastidiosa biofilms formed in the xylem vessels of plants play a key role in early colonization and pathogenicity by providing a protected niche and enhanced cell survival. here we investigate the role of xylella fastidiosa pd1063, the predicted ortholog of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae pxo_ ... | 2014 | 25426629 |
| light-induced expression of a myb gene regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in red apples. | anthocyanins are secondary metabolites found in higher plants that contribute to the colors of flowers and fruits. in apples (malus domestica borkh.), several steps of the anthocyanin pathway are coordinately regulated, suggesting control by common transcription factors. a gene encoding an r2r3 myb transcription factor was isolated from apple (cv cripps' pink) and designated mdmyb1. analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence suggests that this gene encodes an ortholog of anthocyanin regulators ... | 2006 | 17012405 |
| a shift of phloem unloading from symplasmic to apoplasmic pathway is involved in developmental onset of ripening in grape berry. | it remains unclear whether the phloem unloading pathway alters to adapt to developmental transition in fleshy fruits that accumulate high level of soluble sugars. using a combination of electron microscopy, transport of the phloem-mobile symplasmic tracer carboxyfluorescein, movement of the companion cell-expressed and the green fluorescent protein-tagged viral movement protein, and assays of the sucrose cleavage enzymes, the pathway of phloem unloading was studied in the berries of a hybrid gra ... | 2006 | 16861573 |
| grapes on steroids. brassinosteroids are involved in grape berry ripening. | fruit ripening is a unique plant developmental process with direct implications for our food supply, nutrition, and health. in contrast to climacteric fruit, where ethylene is pivotal, the hormonal control of ripening in nonclimacteric fruit, such as grape (vitis vinifera), is poorly understood. brassinosteroids (brs) are steroidal hormones, essential for normal plant growth and development but not previously implicated in the ripening of nonclimacteric fruit. here we show that increases in endo ... | 2006 | 16361521 |
| ectopic expression of vvmybpa2 promotes proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in grapevine and suggests additional targets in the pathway. | grapevine (vitis vinifera) proanthocyanidins contribute to plant defense mechanisms against biotic stress and also play a critical role in organoleptic properties of wine. in grapevine berry, these compounds are mainly accumulated in exocarps and seeds in the very early stages of development. a previous study has already identified vvmybpa1 as the first transcription factor involved in the regulation of the proanthocyanidin pathway during seed development in grapevine. a novel myb factor, vvmybp ... | 2009 | 19098092 |
| the r2r3-myb transcription factors myb14 and myb15 regulate stilbene biosynthesis in vitis vinifera. | plant stilbenes are phytoalexins that accumulate in a small number of plant species, including grapevine (vitis vinifera), in response to biotic and abiotic stresses and have been implicated in many beneficial effects on human health. in particular, resveratrol, the basic unit of all other complex stilbenes, has received widespread attention because of its cardio-protective, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidant properties. although stilbene synthases (stss), the key enzymes responsible for resverat ... | 2013 | 24151295 |
| abcc1, an atp binding cassette protein from grape berry, transports anthocyanidin 3-o-glucosides. | accumulation of anthocyanins in the exocarp of red grapevine (vitis vinifera) cultivars is one of several events that characterize the onset of grape berry ripening (véraison). despite our thorough understanding of anthocyanin biosynthesis and regulation, little is known about the molecular aspects of their transport. the participation of atp binding cassette (abc) proteins in vacuolar anthocyanin transport has long been a matter of debate. here, we present biochemical evidence that an abc prote ... | 2013 | 23723325 |
| identification of tissue-specific, abiotic stress-responsive gene expression patterns in wine grape (vitis vinifera l.) based on curation and mining of large-scale est data sets. | abiotic stresses, such as water deficit and soil salinity, result in changes in physiology, nutrient use, and vegetative growth in vines, and ultimately, yield and flavor in berries of wine grape, vitis vinifera l. large-scale expressed sequence tags (ests) were generated, curated, and analyzed to identify major genetic determinants responsible for stress-adaptive responses. although roots serve as the first site of perception and/or injury for many types of abiotic stress, est sequencing in roo ... | 2011 | 21592389 |
| genome sequence of novosphingobium sp. strain rr 2-17, a nopaline crown gall-associated bacterium isolated from vitis vinifera l. grapevine. | novosphingobium sp. strain rr 2-17 is an n-acyl homoserine lactone (ahl)-producing bacterium isolated from the crown gall tumor of a grapevine. to our knowledge, this is the first draft genome announcement of a plant-associated strain from the genus novosphingobium. | 2012 | 22933764 |
| grapevine rootstock effects on scion sap phenolic levels, resistance to xylella fastidiosa infection, and progression of pierce's disease. | the xylem-limited bacterium xylella fastidiosa (xf) causes pierce's disease (pd), an important disease of grapevine, vitis vinifera l. grapevine rootstocks were developed to provide increased resistance to root disease, but rootstock effects on cane and vine diseases remain unclear. grapevines that consisted of cabernet sauvignon or chardonnay grafted to 13 different rootstocks were inoculated with xf and evaluated for pd severity and xf titer after 6 months. a subset of six rootstock/scion comb ... | 2013 | 24376452 |
| leaf treatments with a protein-based resistance inducer partially modify phyllosphere microbial communities of grapevine. | protein derivatives and carbohydrates can stimulate plant growth, increase stress tolerance, and activate plant defense mechanisms. however, these molecules can also act as a nutritional substrate for microbial communities living on the plant phyllosphere and possibly affect their biocontrol activity against pathogens. we investigated the mechanisms of action of a protein derivative (nutrient broth, nb) against grapevine downy mildew, specifically focusing on the effects of foliar treatments on ... | 2016 | 27486468 |
| grapevine pathogenic microorganisms: understanding infection strategies and host response scenarios. | grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) is one of the most important fruit crop worldwide. commercial cultivars are greatly affected by a large number of pathogenic microorganisms that cause diseases during pre- and/or post-harvest periods, affecting production, processing and export, along with fruit quality. among the potential threats, we can find bacteria, fungi, oomycete, or viruses with different life cycles, infection mechanisms and evasion strategies. while plant-pathogen interactions are cycles o ... | 2016 | 27066032 |
| comprehensive characterization and rna-seq profiling of the hd-zip transcription factor family in soybean (glycine max) during dehydration and salt stress. | the homeodomain leucine zipper (hd-zip) transcription factor family is one of the largest plant specific superfamilies, and includes genes with roles in modulation of plant growth and response to environmental stresses. many hd-zip genes are characterized in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), and members of the family are being investigated for abiotic stress responses in rice (oryza sativa), maize (zea mays), poplar (populus trichocarpa) and cucumber (cucmis sativus). findings in these species ... | 2014 | 25362847 |
| engineering of a microbial coculture of escherichia coli strains for the biosynthesis of resveratrol. | resveratrol is a plant natural product with many health-protecting effects which makes it an attractive chemical both for academic studies and industrial purposes. however, the low quantities naturally produced by plants as well as the unsustainable procedures of extraction, purification and concentration have prompted many biotechnological approaches to produce this chemical in large quantities from renewable sources. none of these approaches have considered a microbial coculture strategy to pr ... | 2016 | 27680538 |
| genome sequence of methylobacterium sp. strain gxf4, a xylem-associated bacterium isolated from vitis vinifera l. grapevine. | methylobacterium sp. strain gxf4 is an isolate from grapevine. here we present the sequence, assembly, and annotation of its genome, which may shed light on its role as a grapevine xylem inhabitant. to our knowledge, this is the first genome announcement of a plant xylem-associated strain of the genus methylobacterium. | 2012 | 22933776 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity and effect on biofilm production of a white grape juice (vitis vinifera) extract. | background. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of a white grape juice extract (wgje) against a range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, and the fungus aspergillus niger. wgje was also tested on the production of bacterial biofilms in vitro. results. wgje inhibited in vitro most gram-positive bacteria tested, staphylococcus aureus atcc 6538p being the most sensitive strain (mic values of 3.9 μg/ml). the effect was bactericidal at the concentrat ... | 2015 | 26770255 |
| the genes and enzymes of the carotenoid metabolic pathway in vitis vinifera l. | carotenoids are a heterogeneous group of plant isoprenoids primarily involved in photosynthesis. in plants the cleavage of carotenoids leads to the formation of the phytohormones abscisic acid and strigolactone, and c13-norisoprenoids involved in the characteristic flavour and aroma compounds in flowers and fruits and are of specific importance in the varietal character of grapes and wine. this work extends the previous reports of carotenoid gene expression and photosynthetic pigment analysis by ... | 2012 | 22702718 |
| the phytoalexin resveratrol regulates the initiation of hypersensitive cell death in vitis cell. | resveratrol is a major phytoalexin produced by plants in response to various stresses and promotes disease resistance. the resistance of north american grapevine vitis rupestris is correlated with a hypersensitive reaction (hr), while susceptible european vitis vinifera cv. 'pinot noir' does not exhibit hr, but expresses basal defence. we have shown previously that in cell lines derived from the two vitis species, the bacterial effector harpin induced a rapid and sensitive accumulation of stilbe ... | 2011 | 22053190 |
| defence signalling triggered by flg22 and harpin is integrated into a different stilbene output in vitis cells. | plants can activate defence to pathogen attack by two layers of innate immunity: basal immunity triggered by pathogen-associated molecular pattern (pamp) triggered immunity (pti) and effector-triggered immunity (eti) linked with programmed cell death. flg22 and harpin are evolutionary distinct bacterial pamps. we have previously shown that harpin triggers hypersensitive cell death mimicking eti in vitis rupestris, but not in the vitis vinifera cultivar 'pinot noir'. in contrast, the bacterial pa ... | 2012 | 22792328 |
| global analysis of type three secretion system and quorum sensing inhibition of pseudomonas savastanoi by polyphenols extracts from vegetable residues. | protection of plants against bacterial diseases still mainly relies on the use of chemical pesticides, which in europe correspond essentially to copper-based compounds. however, recently plant diseases control is oriented towards a rational use of molecules and extracts, generally with natural origin, with lower intrinsic toxicity and a reduced negative environmental impact. in this work, polyphenolic extracts from vegetable no food/feed residues of typical mediterranean crops, as olea europaea, ... | 2016 | 27668874 |
| de novo transcriptome characterization of vitis vinifera cv. corvina unveils varietal diversity. | plants such as grapevine (vitis spp.) display significant inter-cultivar genetic and phenotypic variation. the genetic components underlying phenotypic diversity in grapevine must be understood in order to disentangle genetic and environmental factors. | 2013 | 23331995 |
| a high quality draft consensus sequence of the genome of a heterozygous grapevine variety. | worldwide, grapes and their derived products have a large market. the cultivated grape species vitis vinifera has potential to become a model for fruit trees genetics. like many plant species, it is highly heterozygous, which is an additional challenge to modern whole genome shotgun sequencing. in this paper a high quality draft genome sequence of a cultivated clone of v. vinifera pinot noir is presented. | 2007 | 18094749 |
| hairy root culture optimization and resveratrol production from vitis vinifera subsp. sylvesteris. | resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound produced in very low levels in grapes. to achieve high yield of resveratrol in wild grape, three agrobacterium rhizogenes strains, ar318, ara4 and lba9402, were used to induce hairy roots following infection of internodes, nodes or petioles of in vitro grown vitis vinifera subsp. sylvesteris accessions w2 and w16, and cultivar rasha. the effects of inoculation time, age of explants, bacterial concentration and co-cultivation times were examined on the effic ... | 2017 | 28271384 |
| overexpression of a thaumatin-like protein gene from vitis amurensis improves downy mildew resistance in vitis vinifera grapevine. | downy mildew is a highly destructive disease in grapevine production. a gene encoding pathogenesis-related (pr) thaumatin-like protein was isolated from the downy mildew-resistant grapevine "zuoshan-1," a clonal selection from wild vitis amurensis rupr. the predicted thaumatin-like protein (vatlp) has 225 amino acids and it is acidic, with a calculated isoelectric point of 4.8. the full length of the vatlp gene was transformed into somatic embryogenic calli of v. vinifera 'thompson seedless' via ... | 2016 | 27900595 |
| function analysis of caffeoyl-coa o-methyltransferase for biosynthesis of lignin and phenolic acid in salvia miltiorrhiza. | in this study, we cloned a full-length cdna and the genomic dna sequence of smccoaomt (genbank id jq007585) from salvia miltiorrhiza. the 744-bp open-reading frame encodes a protein of 247 amino acids that shares 95 % similarity with one in vitis vinifera. real-time quantitative pcr analysis revealed that smccoaomt is most highly expressed in the stems and can be induced by methyl jasmonate (meja) and xc-1 treatment. to evaluate its function in vivo, we generated rna interference transgenic plan ... | 2017 | 27613617 |
| the novel gene vppr4-1 from vitis pseudoreticulata increases powdery mildew resistance in transgenic vitis vinifera l. | pathogenesis-related proteins (prs) can lead to increased resistance of the whole plant to pathogen attack. here, we isolate and characterize a pr-4 protein (vppr4-1) from a wild chinese grape vitis pseudoreticulata which shows greatly elevated transcription following powdery mildew infection. its expression profiles under a number of abiotic stresses were also investigated. powdery mildew, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid methyl ester significantly increased the vppr4-1 induction while nacl an ... | 2016 | 27303413 |
| the transcription factor vvwrky33 is involved in the regulation of grapevine (vitis vinifera) defense against the oomycete pathogen plasmopara viticola. | grapevine (vitis vinifera ssp. vinifera) is one of the most important fruit species; however, it is highly susceptible to various pathogens, which can cause severe crop losses in viticulture. it has been shown that several wrky class transcription factors (tfs) are part of the signal transduction cascade, which leads to the activation of plant defense reactions against various pathogens. in the present investigation, a full-length cdna was isolated from v. vinifera leaf tissue encoding a predict ... | 2015 | 25132131 |
| transformation of grape (vitis vinifera l.) zygotic-derived somatic embryos and regeneration of transgenic plants. | transgenic grape plants were regenerated from somatic embryos derived from immature zygotic embryos of seedless grape (vitis vinifera l.) selections. somatic embryos were bombarded twice with 1 μm gold particles using the biolistic pds-1000/he device (bio-rad laboratories) and then exposed to agrobacterium tumefaciens strain c58/z707 containing the binary plasmid pga482gg or pcgn7314. following cocultivation, secondary embryos were allowed to proliferate on emershad/ramming proliferation (erp) m ... | 1995 | 24185603 |
| grapevine (vitis vinifera) crown galls host distinct microbiota. | crown gall disease of grapevine is caused by virulent agrobacterium strains and establishes a suitable habitat for agrobacteria and, potentially, other bacteria. the microbial community associated with grapevine plants has not been investigated with respect to this disease, which frequently results in monetary losses. this study compares the endophytic microbiota of organs from grapevine plants with or without crown gall disease and the surrounding vineyard soil over the growing seasons of 1 yea ... | 2016 | 27371584 |
| fungal endophytic communities associated to the phyllosphere of grapevine cultivars under different types of management. | fungal endophytes present in different asymptomatic grapevine plants (vitis vinifera l.) located in different vineyards within alentejo, a highly important viticulture region in portugal, were identified in this study. sampled grapevine plants included the three most representative cultivars in the region, syrah, cabernet sauvignon, and aragonez, growing under two different modes of management, conventional and biological. sixteen fungal taxa were identified through sequencing of the internal tr ... | 2016 | 27890088 |
| water activity and temperature effects on growth and mycotoxin production by alternaria alternata strains isolated from malbec wine grapes. | to study the effects of water activity (aw ; 0·99, 0·98, 0·97, 0·96 and 0·95), temperature (15, 25 and 30°c), incubation time (7-28 days), and their interactions on mycelial growth and alternariol (aoh), alternariol monomethyl ether (ame) and tenuazonic acid (ta) mycotoxin production on a synthetic nutrient (sn) media similar to grape composition by three strains of alternaria alternata isolated from wine grapes from argentina. | 2017 | 27860113 |
| are epiphytic microbial communities in the carposphere of ripening grape clusters (vitis vinifera l.) different between conventional, organic, and biodynamic grapes? | using barcoded pyrosequencing fungal and bacterial communities associated with grape berry clusters (vitis vinifera l.) obtained from conventional, organic and biodynamic vineyard plots were investigated in two subsequent years at different stages during berry ripening. the four most abundant operational taxonomic units (otus) based on fungal its data were botrytis cinerea, cladosporium spp., aureobasidium pullulans and alternaria alternata which represented 57% and 47% of the total reads in 201 ... | 2016 | 27500633 |
| subcellular localization and functional analyses of a pr10 protein gene from vitis pseudoreticulata in response to plasmopara viticola infection. | downy mildew, caused by the oomycete plasmopara viticola, is a serious fungal disease in the cultivated european grapevines (vitis vinifera l.). the class 10 of pathogenesis-related (pr) genes in grapevine leaves was reported to be accumulated at mrna level in response to p. viticola infection. to elucidate the functional roles of pr10 genes during plant-pathogen interactions, a pr10 gene from a fungal-resistant accession of chinese wild vitis pseudoreticulata (designated vppr10.2) was isolated ... | 2013 | 22327469 |