Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| genome-wide analysis of the sucrose synthase gene family in grape (vitis vinifera): structure, evolution, and expression profiles. | sucrose synthase (ss) is widely considered as the key enzyme involved in the plant sugar metabolism that is critical to plant growth and development, especially quality of the fruit. the members of ss gene family have been identified and characterized in multiple plant genomes. however, detailed information about this gene family is lacking in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). in this study, we performed a systematic analysis of the grape (v. vinifera) genome and reported that there are five ss gen ... | 2017 | 28350372 |
| the effects of erzincan grape (vitis vinifera spp., cimin) and benzothiazol on a caenorhabditis elegans organism model. | grapes and their products are known to have been used for the treatment of diseases throughout history. | 2017 | 28808410 |
| biodiversity and ochratoxin a profile of aspergillus section nigri populations isolated from wine grapes in cyprus vineyards. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the biodiversity of aspergillus section nigri populations from cyprus vineyards by morphological, toxigenic and phylogenetic analysis. aspergillus section nigri populations were isolated from grapes of the varieties 'maratheftiko' and 'cabernet sauvignon' originating from six growing regions of cyprus during 2010 and 2011 years. the isolation frequency of aspergillus section nigri from grape samples was 43.3% and a total of 284 isolates were selected f ... | 2017 | 28648287 |
| spatiotemporal spread of grapevine red blotch-associated virus in a california vineyard. | grapevine red blotch-associated virus (grbav), the causative agent of red blotch disease, is a member of the genus grablovirus, in the family geminiviridae and the first known geminivirus of vitis spp. limited information is available on the epidemiology of red blotch disease. a 2-hectare vitis vinifera cv. 'cabernet franc' vineyard in napa county, california, usa was selected for monitoring grbav spread over a three-year period (2014-2016) based on an initially low disease incidence and an aggr ... | 2017 | 28392444 |
| aflatoxin, proximate composition and mineral profile of stored broiler feed treated with medicinal plant leaves. | in the present investigation, the morus alba (m. alba), vitis vinifera (v. vinifera), ficus religiosa (f. religiosa) and citrus paradisi (c. paradisi) leaves anti-aflatoxigenic activities were evaluated in aspergillus flavus (a. flavus) inoculated feed. | 2017 | 28483450 |
| the emerging contribution of social wasps to grape rot disease ecology. | grape sour (bunch) rot is a polymicrobial disease of vineyards that causes millions of dollars in lost revenue per year due to decreased quality of grapes and resultant wine. the disease is associated with damaged berries infected with a community of acetic acid bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi that results in rotting berries with high amounts of undesirable volatile acidity. many insect species cause the initial grape berry damage that can lead to this disease, but most studies have focu ... | 2017 | 28462032 |
| the use of high-throughput small rna sequencing reveals differentially expressed micrornas in response to aster yellows phytoplasma-infection in vitis vinifera cv. 'chardonnay'. | phytoplasmas are cell wall-less plant pathogenic bacteria responsible for major crop losses throughout the world. in grapevine they cause grapevine yellows, a detrimental disease associated with a variety of symptoms. the high economic impact of this disease has sparked considerable interest among researchers to understand molecular mechanisms related to pathogenesis. increasing evidence exist that a class of small non-coding endogenous rnas, known as micrornas (mirnas), play an important role i ... | 2017 | 28813447 |
| how streptomyces anulatus primes grapevine defenses to cope with gray mold: a study of the early responses of cell suspensions. | gray mold, caused by botrytis cinerea, is one of the most destructive diseases of grapevine and is controlled with an intense application of fungicides. as alternatives to chemicals, beneficial microbes may promote plant health by stimulating the plant's immune system. an actinomycete, streptomyces anulatus s37, has been screened from the rhizosphere microbiome of healthy vitis vinifera on the basis of its ability to promote grapevine growth and to induce resistance against various phytopathogen ... | 2017 | 28702033 |
| adaptogenic potential of oxitard in experimental chronic stress and chronic unpredictable stress induced dysfunctional homeostasis in rodents. | oxitard, a polyherbal formulation comprising the extracts of withania somnifera, mangifera indica, glycyrrhiza glabra, daucus carota, vitis vinifera, powders of syzygium aromaticum, yashada bhasma and emblica officinalis; and oils of triticum sativum. | 2017 | 28693955 |
| differing alterations of two esca associated fungi, phaeoacremonium aleophilum and phaeomoniella chlamydospora on transcriptomic level, to co-cultured vitis vinifera l. calli. | the filamentous fungi phaeoacremonium aleophilum (p.al, teleomorph: togninia minima) and phaeomoniella chlamydospora (p.ch) are believed to be causal agents of wood symptoms associated with the esca associated young vine decline. the occurrence of these diseases is dramatically increasing in vineyards all over the world whereas efficient therapeutic strategies are lacking. both fungi occupy the same ecological niche within the grapevine trunk. we found them predominantly within the xylem vessels ... | 2017 | 27658052 |
| metabolomic study of chardonnay grapevines double stressed with esca-associated fungi and drought. | esca is a complex grapevine trunk disease associated with fungal infection of the xylem. however, the inconstancy of external symptoms and the ability of esca-associated fungi to inhabit grapevines without causing apparent disease suggests that abiotic factors might be involved in the disease. water stress has been proposed to be one of the factors influencing esca symptom manifestation but the specific role played by water stress on esca development is unknown. we conducted a proton nuclear mag ... | 2017 | 28402211 |
| phytotoxic dioxolanones are potential virulence factors in the infection process of guignardia bidwellii. | phytotoxic dioxolanones from guignardia bidwellii can be described as potential virulence factors which cause the formation of lesions upon an infection by g. bidwellii. the toxin guignardic acid was found in planta of g. bidwellii-infected vitis vinifera leaves, whereas no phytotoxic dioxolanones were detected in uninfected leaf material. secondary metabolism analyses of further phytopathogenic fungi from the genus guignardia led to the observation that all species investigated can produce the ... | 2017 | 28827628 |
| epoxynemanione a, nemanifuranones a-f, and nemanilactones a-c, from nemania serpens, an endophytic fungus isolated from riesling grapevines. | ten polyketide specialized metabolites, epoxynemanione a, nemanifuranones a-f, and nemanilactones a-c, were isolated from the culture filtrate of nemania serpens (pers.) grey (1821), an endophytic fungus from a riesling grapevine (vitis vinifera) found in canada's niagara region. additionally, four known metabolites 2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methoxy-benzoic acid, phyllostine, 5-methylmellein and a nordammarane triterpenoid were isolated. a related known metabolite 2,3-dihydro-2-hydroxy-2,4-dimethyl-5- ... | 2017 | 28441516 |
| overexpression of muscadinia rotundifolia cbf2 gene enhances biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in arabidopsis. | c-repeat-binding factor dehydration-responsive element-binding factor 1c (cbf2/dreb1c) gene encodes a small family of transcriptional activator that has been described as playing an important role in freezing tolerance and cold acclimation of plants. we here report that cbf2 gene also plays an important role in the early response to the pathogen infection of grapevine downy mildew disease. the expression level of cbf2 increased dramatically and reached a peak at 7 h after infection in immune gra ... | 2017 | 26795343 |
| molecular cloning of a cc-nbs-lrr gene from vitis quinquangularis and its expression pattern in response to downy mildew pathogen infection. | downy mildew, caused by plasmopara viticola, can result in a substantial decrease in grapevine productivity. vitis vinifera is a widely cultivated grapevine species, which is susceptible to this disease. repeated pesticide applications are harmful for both the environment and human health. thus, it is essential to develop varieties/cultivars that are resistant to downy mildew and other diseases. in our previous studies, we investigated the natural resistance of the chinese wild grapevine v. quin ... | 2017 | 28864888 |
| fungal planet description sheets: 558-624. | novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: australia: banksiophoma australiensis (incl. banksiophoma gen. nov.) on banksia coccinea, davidiellomycesaustraliensis (incl. davidiellomyces gen. nov.) on cyperaceae, didymocyrtis banksiae on banksia sessilis var. cygnorum, disculoides calophyllae on corymbia calophylla, harknessia banksiae on banksia sessilis, harknessia banksiae-repens on banksia repens, harknessia banksiigena on banksia sessilis v ... | 2017 | 29151634 |
| phytoestrogen-rich natural preparation for treatment of climacteric syndrome and atherosclerosis prevention in perimenopausal women. | the present study evaluated the risks and benefits of phytoestrogen treatment in healthy perimenopausal women in relation to the dynamics of climacteric syndrome and progression of atherosclerosis. study participants were treated with placebo or phytoestrogen-rich natural preparation karinat based on grape (vitis vinifera) seeds, green tea (camellia sinensis) leaves, hop (hunulus lupulus) cone powder and garlic (allium sativum) powder. the dynamics of climacteric syndrome was evaluated by kupper ... | 2017 | 28593720 |
| a rapid silica spin column-based method of rna extraction from fruit trees for rt-pcr detection of viruses. | efficient recovery of high quality rna is very important for successful rt-pcr detection of plant rna viruses. high levels of polyphenols and polysaccharides in plant tissues can irreversibly bind to and/or co-precipitate with rna, which influences rna isolation. in this study, a silica spin column-based rna isolation method was developed by using commercially available silica columns combined with the application of a tissue lysis solution, and binding and washing buffers with high concentratio ... | 2017 | 28583858 |
| phylogenetic studies and comparative chloroplast genome analyses elucidate the basal position of halophyte nitraria sibirica (nitrariaceae) in the sapindales. | nitraria sibirica is a halophyte and belongs to the family nitrariaceae. the chloroplast genome of nitraria sibirica (159,466 bp) has a quadripartite structure, which consists of a large single-copy (87,914 bp) region, a small single-copy (18,316 bp) region, and a pair of inverted repeats (26,618 bp). sequencing analyses indicate that the chloroplast genome contains 113 distinct genes, including 79 peptide-coding genes, 30 transfer rna genes, and 4 ribosomal rna genes. we also identified 105 per ... | 2017 | 28712318 |
| xylem vessel diameter affects the compartmentalization of the vascular pathogen phaeomoniella chlamydospora in grapevine. | fungal wilt diseases are a threat to global food safety. previous studies in perennial crops showed that xylem vessel diameter affects disease susceptibility. we tested the hypothesis that xylem vessel diameter impacts occlusion processes and pathogen compartmentalization in vitis vinifera l. we studied the interaction between four grape commercial cultivars with the vascular wilt pathogen phaeomoniella chlamydospora. we used qpcr and wood necrotic lesion length to measure fungal colonization co ... | 2017 | 28871268 |
| the solanum tuberosum kst1 partial promoter as a tool for guard cell expression in multiple plant species. | to date, guard cell promoters have been examined in only a few species, primarily annual dicots. a partial segment of the potato (solanum tuberosum) kst1 promoter (kst1 partial promoter, kst1ppro) has previously been shown to confer guard cell expression in potato, tomato (solanum lycopersicum), citrus [troyer citrange (c. sinensis×poncirus trifoliata)], and arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana). here, we describe an extensive analysis of the expression pattern of kst1ppro in eight (previously repo ... | 2017 | 28531314 |
| photoacoustic spectroscopy applied to the direct detection of bioactive compounds in agaricus brasiliensis mycelium. | this paper describes the application of the photoacoustic spectroscopic (pas) for detection of bioactive compounds in agaricus brasiliensis mycelium. the mycelium was cultivated by solid-state fermentation and by submerged fermentation. vegetal residues from food industry were used as substrates for fermentation: apple pomace (malus domestica), wheat (triticum aestivum), peel and pomace of pineapple (ananas comosus), malt (hordeum vulgare) and grape pomace (vitis vinifera). dry and ground sample ... | 2017 | 29210029 |
| oriented growth of α-mno₂ nanorods using natural extracts from grape stems and apple peels. | we report on the synthesis of alpha manganese dioxide (α-mno₂) nanorods using natural extracts from vitis vinifera grape stems and malus domestica 'cortland' apple peels. we used a two-step method to produce highly crystalline α-mno₂ nanorods: (1) reduction of kmno₄ in the presence of natural extracts to initiate the nucleation process; and (2) a thermal treatment to enable further solid-state growth of the nuclei. transmission electron microscopy (tem) and field emission scanning electron micro ... | 2017 | 28531147 |
| jasmonate-mediated defence responses, unlike salicylate-mediated responses, are involved in the recovery of grapevine from bois noir disease. | bois noir is an important disease of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.), caused by phytoplasmas. an interesting, yet elusive aspect of the bois noir disease is "recovery", i.e., the spontaneous and unpredictable remission of symptoms and damage. because conventional pest management is ineffective against bois noir, deciphering the molecular bases of recovery is beneficial. the present study aimed to understand whether salicylate- and jasmonate-defence pathways might have a role in the recovery from t ... | 2017 | 28693415 |
| overexpression of vpeifp1, a novel f-box/kelch-repeat protein from wild chinese vitis pseudoreticulata, confers higher tolerance to powdery mildew by inducing thioredoxin z proteolysis. | an f-box protein (vpeifp1) induced by erysiphe necator was isolated from vitis pseudoreticulata, a wild chinese grapevine species naturally resistant to powdery mildew (pm). it contains an f-box domain and two kelch-repeat motifs. expression profiles indicate the vpeifp1 is strongly induced at both transcriptional and translational levels by pm infection. a subcellular localisation assay showed that vpeifp1 is predominantly located in the nucleus and cytoplasm. overexpression of vpeifp1 accelera ... | 2017 | 28818370 |
| identification of a novel alternative splicing variant of vvpma1 in grape root under salinity. | it has been well-demonstrated that the control of plasma membrane h(+)-atpase (pm h(+)-atpase) activity is important to plant salt tolerance. this study found a significant increase in pm h(+)-atpase (pma) activity in grape root exposed to nacl. furthermore, 7 vitis vinifera pm h(+)-atpase genes (vvpmas) were identified within the grape genome and the expression response of these vvpmas in grape root under salinity was analyzed. two vvpmas (vvpma1 and vvpma3) were expressed more strongly in root ... | 2017 | 28484478 |
| run1 and ren1 pyramiding in grapevine (vitis vinifera cv. crimson seedless) displays an improved defense response leading to enhanced resistance to powdery mildew (erysiphe necator). | fungal pathogens are the cause of the most common diseases in grapevine and among them powdery mildew represents a major focus for disease management. different strategies for introgression of resistance in grapevine are currently undertaken in breeding programs. for example, introgression of several resistance genes (r) from different sources for making it more durable and also strengthening the plant defense response. taking this into account, we cross-pollinated p09-105/34, a grapevine plant ... | 2017 | 28553300 |
| cocoa and grape seed byproducts as a source of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory proanthocyanidins. | phenolic compounds, which are secondary plant metabolites, are considered an integral part of the human diet. physiological properties of dietary polyphenols have come to the attention in recent years. especially, proanthocyanidins (ranging from dimers to decamers) have demonstrated potential interactions with biological systems, such as antiviral, antibacterial, molluscicidal, enzyme-inhibiting, antioxidant, and radical-scavenging properties. agroindustry produces a considerable amount of pheno ... | 2017 | 28208630 |
| genome-wide assessment of polygalacturonases-like (pgl) genes of medicago truncatula, sorghum bicolor, vitis vinifera and oryza sativa using comparative genomics approach. | the polygalacturonases (pg) is one of the important members of pectin-degrading glycoside hydrolases of the family gh28. in plants, pg represents multigene families associated with diverse processes. in the present study, an attempt has been made to investigate the diversity of pg genes among monocots and dicots with respect to phylogeny, gene duplication and subcellular localization to get an insight into the evolutionary and functional attributes. the genome-wide assessment of medicago truncat ... | 2017 | 29243204 |
| hierarchically aligning 10 legume genomes establishes a family-level genomics platform. | mainly due to their economic importance, genomes of 10 legumes, including soybean (glycine max), wild peanut (arachis duranensis and arachis ipaensis), and barrel medic (medicago truncatula), have been sequenced. however, a family-level comparative genomics analysis has been unavailable. with grape (vitis vinifera) and selected legume genomes as outgroups, we managed to perform a hierarchical and event-related alignment of these genomes and deconvoluted layers of homologous regions produced by a ... | 2017 | 28325848 |
| comparative genomic analysis of the pks genes in five species and expression analysis in upland cotton. | plant type iii polyketide synthase (pks) can catalyse the formation of a series of secondary metabolites with different structures and different biological functions; the enzyme plays an important role in plant growth, development and resistance to stress. at present, the pks gene has been identified and studied in a variety of plants. here, we identified 11 pks genes from upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and compared them with 41 pks genes in populus tremula, vitis vinifera, malus domestica a ... | 2017 | 29104824 |
| papain-like cysteine protease encoding genes in rubber (hevea brasiliensis): comparative genomics, phylogenetic, and transcriptional profiling analysis. | 43 hbplcps representing nine subfamilies or 20 orthologous groups were found in rubber, where paralogs were resulted from the recent wgd and local duplication. several senescence-associated genes were also identified. papain-like cysteine proteases (plcps) comprise a large family of proteolytic enzymes involved in plant growth and development, seed germination, organ senescence, immunity, and stress response. despite their importance and the extensive research in the model plant arabidopsis thal ... | 2017 | 28752264 |
| diel rhythms in the volatile emission of apple and grape foliage. | this study investigated the diel emission of volatile organic compounds (vocs) from intact apple (malus x domestica borkh., cv. golden delicious) and grape (vitis vinifera l., cv. pinot noir) foliage. volatiles were monitored continuously for 48 h by proton transfer reaction - time of flight - mass spectrometry (ptr-tof-ms). in addition, volatiles were collected by closed-loop-stripping-analysis (clsa) and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) after 1 h and again 24 and 4 ... | 2017 | 28291597 |
| system-level and granger network analysis of integrated proteomic and metabolomic dynamics identifies key points of grape berry development at the interface of primary and secondary metabolism. | grapevine is a fruit crop with worldwide economic importance. the grape berry undergoes complex biochemical changes from fruit set until ripening. this ripening process and production processes define the wine quality. thus, a thorough understanding of berry ripening is crucial for the prediction of wine quality. for a systemic analysis of grape berry development we applied mass spectrometry based platforms to analyse the metabolome and proteome of early campbell at 12 stages covering major deve ... | 2017 | 28713396 |
| aspergillus labruscus sp. nov., a new species of aspergillus section nigri discovered in brazil. | a novel fungal species, aspergillus labruscus sp. nov., has been found in brazil during an investigation of the fungal species present on the surface of grape berries (vitis labrusca l.) for use in the production of concentrated grape juice. it seems to be associated to v. labrusca, and has never been recovered from vitis vinifera. this new species belonging to aspergillus subgenus circumdati section nigri is described here using morphological characters, extrolite profiling, partial sequence da ... | 2017 | 28740180 |
| antimicrobial properties of black grape (vitis vinifera l.) peel extracts against antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria and toxin producing molds. | black grape peel possesses a substantial amount of polyphenolic antimicrobial compounds that can be used for controlling the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. the purpose of this study was to assess antibacterial and antifungal activity of black grape peel extracts against antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria and toxin producing molds, respectively. | 2017 | 26729960 |
| influence of physical and chemical characteristics of wine grapes on the incidence of penicillium and aspergillus fungi in grapes and ochratoxin a in wines. | the incidence of filamentous fungi and toxin levels in grapes and wines varies depending on the variety of grapes, the wine region, agricultural practices, weather conditions, the harvest and the winemaking process. in this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity of aspergillus and penicillium fungi isolated from wine grapes of the semi-arid tropical region of brazil, evaluate the presence of ochratoxin a (ota) in the experimental wine and verify if there is a correlatio ... | 2017 | 27792949 |
| molecular analysis of the early interaction between the grapevine flower and botrytis cinerea reveals that prompt activation of specific host pathways leads to fungus quiescence. | grapes quality and yield can be impaired by bunch rot, caused by the necrotrophic fungus botrytis cinerea. infection often occurs at flowering and the pathogen stays quiescent until fruit maturity. here, we report a molecular analysis of the early interaction between b. cinerea and vitis vinifera flowers, using a controlled infection system, confocal microscopy and integrated transcriptomic and metabolic analysis of the host and the pathogen. flowers from fruiting cuttings of the cv. pinot noir ... | 2017 | 28239986 |
| inhibitory activity of beauveria bassiana and trichoderma spp. on the insect pests xylotrechus arvicola (coleoptera: cerambycidae) and acanthoscelides obtectus (coleoptera: chrisomelidae: bruchinae). | xylotrechus arvicola is an important pest in vineyards (vitis vinifera) in the main iberian wine-producing regions, and acanthoscelides obtectus causes severe post-harvest losses in the common bean (phaseolus vulgaris). under laboratory conditions with a spray tower, the susceptibility of the immature stages of x. arvicola and a. obtectus against the entomopathogenic fungi beauveria bassiana and four strains of trichoderma spp. was evaluated. both insect pests t. harzianum and b. bassiana showed ... | 2017 | 27933578 |
| an inert pesticide adjuvant synergizes viral pathogenicity and mortality in honey bee larvae. | honey bees are highly valued for their pollination services in agricultural settings, and recent declines in managed populations have caused concern. colony losses following a major pollination event in the united states, almond pollination, have been characterized by brood mortality with specific symptoms, followed by eventual colony loss weeks later. in this study, we demonstrate that these symptoms can be produced by chronically exposing brood to both an organosilicone surfactant adjuvant (os ... | 2017 | 28091574 |
| function analysis of caffeoyl-coa o-methyltransferase for biosynthesis of lignin and phenolic acid in salvia miltiorrhiza. | in this study, we cloned a full-length cdna and the genomic dna sequence of smccoaomt (genbank id jq007585) from salvia miltiorrhiza. the 744-bp open-reading frame encodes a protein of 247 amino acids that shares 95 % similarity with one in vitis vinifera. real-time quantitative pcr analysis revealed that smccoaomt is most highly expressed in the stems and can be induced by methyl jasmonate (meja) and xc-1 treatment. to evaluate its function in vivo, we generated rna interference transgenic plan ... | 2017 | 27613617 |
| hairy root culture optimization and resveratrol production from vitis vinifera subsp. sylvesteris. | resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound produced in very low levels in grapes. to achieve high yield of resveratrol in wild grape, three agrobacterium rhizogenes strains, ar318, ara4 and lba9402, were used to induce hairy roots following infection of internodes, nodes or petioles of in vitro grown vitis vinifera subsp. sylvesteris accessions w2 and w16, and cultivar rasha. the effects of inoculation time, age of explants, bacterial concentration and co-cultivation times were examined on the effic ... | 2017 | 28271384 |
| water activity and temperature effects on growth and mycotoxin production by alternaria alternata strains isolated from malbec wine grapes. | to study the effects of water activity (aw ; 0·99, 0·98, 0·97, 0·96 and 0·95), temperature (15, 25 and 30°c), incubation time (7-28 days), and their interactions on mycelial growth and alternariol (aoh), alternariol monomethyl ether (ame) and tenuazonic acid (ta) mycotoxin production on a synthetic nutrient (sn) media similar to grape composition by three strains of alternaria alternata isolated from wine grapes from argentina. | 2017 | 27860113 |
| multiplex detection of aspergillus species. | multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) provides a fast and accurate dna-based tool for the simultaneous amplification of more than one target sequence in a single reaction. here a duplex real-time pcr assay is described for the simultaneous detection of aspergillus carbonarius and members of the aspergillus niger aggregate, which are the main responsible species for ochratoxin a (ota) contamination in grapes. this single tube reaction targets the beta-ketosynthase and the acyl trans ... | 2017 | 27924544 |
| broad-spectrum of antimicrobial properties of commercial wines from different vitis vinifera l. varieties. | fifteen commercial wines produced from international and autochthonic varieties of vitis vinifera l. cultivation of different balkan winegrowing subregions were studied for their antimicrobial activity against six gram-positive (clostridium perfringens, bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus, listeria inocua, sarcina lutea and micrococcus flavus) and six gram-negative (escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella enteritidis, shigella sonnei, klebsiella pneumonia and proteus vulgaris) ... | 2017 | 27905092 |
| distribution and characterization of the vitis vinifera l. subsp. sylvestris in southern tuscany. | the eurasian grapevine is the most widespread fruit crop in the world. numerous studies have focused on clarifying the events of domestication and the geographical areas in which they occurred. | 2018 | 29366430 |
| potential use of secondary products of the agri-food industry for topical formulations and comparative analysis of antioxidant activity of grape leaf polyphenols. | the aim of the present study was to develop a phytocosmetic using vitis waste by-products, for use as a topical formulation for skin protection against ultraviolet radiation damage. the study also evaluates the free radical scavenger activity of the crude extracts of dried leaves of vitis vinifera and vitis labrusca, as well as the anthocyanins, flavonoid fraction and isolated compounds. next, release and permeation studies of hydrogels were performed using franz-type diffusion cells. flavonoid ... | 2018 | 28403634 |
| anthocyanin management in fruits by fertilization. | anthocyanins are water-soluble vacuolar plant pigments that are mainly synthesized in epidermal layers and the flesh of fruits such as apples, cherries, grapes, and other berries. because of their attractive red to purple coloration and their health-promoting potential, anthocyanins are significant determinants for the quality and market value of fruits and fruit-derived products. in crops, anthocyanin accumulation in leaves can be caused by nutrient deficiency which is usually ascribed to insuf ... | 2018 | 29297687 |
| brief challenges on medicinal plants: an eye-opening look at ageing-related disorders. | several studies have reported that nature-derived antioxidants may prevent free radicals over-production and therefore control the onset and prevent the exacerbation of different kinds of diseases caused by oxidative stress and redox-derived stressors, including ageing, fundamentally by suppressing the oxidative byproducts-mediated degradation. naturally derived antioxidants exert their anti-ageing action via a panoply of signalling systems, many of which engaging reactive oxygen (ros) and nitro ... | 2018 | 29369521 |
| molecular analysis of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway genes and their differential expression in mango peel. | mango fruit is cherished by masses for its taste and nutrition, contributed by color, flavor and aroma. among these, peel color is an important trait contributing to fruit quality and market value. we attempted to elucidate the role of key genes of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway related to fruit peel color from the leaf transcriptome of cv. amrapali. a total of 108 mined transcript sequences were assigned to phenylpropanoid flavonoid pathway from which 15 contigs representing anthocyanin biosy ... | 2018 | 29338343 |
| water status and must composition in grapevine cv. chardonnay with different soils and topography and a mini meta-analysis of the δ13 c/water potentials correlation. | the measurement of carbon isotopic discrimination in grape sugars at harvest (δ13 c) is an integrated assessment of water status during ripening. it is an efficient alternative to assess variability in the field and discriminate between management zones in precision viticulture, but further work is needed to completely understand the signal. | 2018 | 28671281 |
| harnessing the wine dregs: an approach towards a more sustainable synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles. | in recent years, the management of food waste processing has emerged as a major concern. one such type of food waste, grape pomace, has been shown to be a great source of bioactive compounds which might be used for more environmentally - friendly processes for the synthesis of nanomaterials. in this study, grape pomace of vitis vinifera has been used for the obtainment of an aqueous extract. firstly, the reducing activity, total phenolic content and dpph scavenging activity of the aqueous extrac ... | 2018 | 29175604 |
| characterization of phenolic composition in carignan noir grapes (vitis vinifera l.) from six wine-growing sites in maule valley, chile. | among chilean varieties, carignan noir has had a major resurgence due to its rediscovered wine quality potential. for this, the aim of this study was to characterize phenolic composition of grapes grown in six sites from the maule valley. | 2018 | 28585244 |
| adjusting the scent ratio: using genetically modified vitis vinifera plants to manipulate european grapevine moth behaviour. | herbivorous insects use olfactory cues to locate their host plant within a complex olfactory landscape. one such example is the european grapevine moth lobesia botrana, a key pest of the grape in the palearctic region, which recently expanded both its geographical and host plant range. previous studies have showed that a synthetic blend of the three terpenoids, (e)-β-caryophyllene, (e)-β-farnesene and (e)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (dmnt), was as attractive for the moth as the complete grape ... | 2018 | 28574666 |
| effects of simple rain-shelter cultivation on fatty acid and amino acid accumulation in 'chardonnay' grape berries. | fatty acids and amino acids are the precursors of aliphatic and aromatic volatile compounds, higher alcohols and esters. they are also nutrition for yeast metabolism during fermentation. however, few reports have been concerned about the effect of viticulture practices on the accumulation of fatty acids and amino acids in wine grapes. this study aimed to explore the accumulation of these compounds in developing vitis vinifera l. cv. chardonnay grape berries under two vintages, and compare the in ... | 2018 | 28755408 |
| in vivo visualization of the final stages of xylem vessel refilling in grapevine (vitis vinifera) stems. | embolism removal is critical for restoring hydraulic pathways in some plants, as residual gas bubbles should expand when vessels are reconnected to the transpiration stream. much of our understanding of embolism removal remains theoretical as a consequence of the lack of in vivo images of the process at high magnification. here, we used in vivo x-ray micro-computed tomography (microct) to visualize the final stages of xylem refilling in grapevine (vitis vinifera) paired with scanning electron mi ... | 2018 | 28940305 |
| tempranillo clones differ in the response of berry sugar and anthocyanin accumulation to elevated temperature. | the intra-varietal genetic diversity of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) may be exploited to maintain grape quality under future warm conditions, which may alter grape berry development and composition. the present study assesses the effects of elevated temperature on the development of berry, grape composition and anthocyanins:sugars ratio of thirteen clones of v. vinifera. cv. tempranillo that differed in length of the ripening period (time from veraison to berry total soluble solids, mainly suga ... | 2018 | 29362101 |
| ectopic expression of arabidopsis broad-spectrum resistance gene rpw8.2 improves the resistance to powdery mildew in grapevine (vitis vinifera). | powdery mildew is the most economically important disease of cultivated grapevines worldwide. here, we report that the arabidopsis broad-spectrum disease resistance gene rpw8.2 could improve resistance to powdery mildew in vitis vinifera cv. thompson seedless. the rpw8.2-yfp fusion gene was stably expressed in grapevines from either the constitutive 35s promoter or the native promoter (np) of rpw8.2. the grapevine shoots and plantlets transgenic for 35s::rpw8.2-yfp showed reduced rooting and red ... | 2018 | 29362096 |
| effect of the essential oils from melaleuca alternifolia, melaleuca quinquenervia and backhousia citriodora on the synthesis of ochratoxin a by aspergillus niger and aspergillus carbonarius isolated from tropical wine grapes. | the influence of essential oils (eos) extracted from the leaves of melaleuca alternifolia, melaleuca quinquenervia and backhousia citriodora on ochratoxin a (ota) synthesis by fungi was studied. the extraction of eos was performed by hydrodistillation (clevenger apparatus) over a 2-h period and subsequently analyzed by gc-ms and gc-fid. the toxigenic activity of the essential oils (31.25; 15.62 and 7.81 µg ml-1) was evaluated by inhibiting the production of ota by aspergillus niger and aspergill ... | 2018 | 29358835 |
| efficacy of grape seed extract gel in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized clinical study. | the aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of applying grape seed extract (gse) gel in periodontal pockets for the treatment of chronic periodontitis. | 2018 | 29349878 |
| characterisation of (poly)phenolic constituents of two interspecific red hybrids of rondo and regent (vitis vinifera) by lc-pda-esi-ms qtof. | the aim of this study was to identify and compare phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, and anthocyanins in two the most popular interspecific hybrids of red grapes, rondo and regent, nowadays very popular in red wine production in poland. the phenolic profiles of these hybrids have not yet been reported. thirty-three phenolic compounds, including 2 flavan-3-ols, 3 phenolic acids, 5 flavonols, and 23 anthocyanins, were determined in the examined samples using the ultra-performance liquid chro ... | 2018 | 28873656 |
| impact of plasmopara viticola infection of merlot and cabernet sauvignon grapes on wine composition and flavor. | this work reports the identification of volatile compounds involved in the particular and atypical flavor detected in vitis vinifera red merlot and cabernet sauvignon wines made with grapes infected and wilted by brown rot (plasmopara viticola). must made from withered grapes had green aromas while red wines were marked by intense odor reminiscent of green, herbaceous notes but also figs and cooked fruit. thanks to gc-o and gc-ms analysis, cooked fruit notes were identified as 3-methyl-2,4-nonan ... | 2018 | 28873518 |
| influence of foliar riboflavin applications to vineyard on grape amino acid content. | nitrogen is an important element for grapevine and winemaking, which affects plant development, grape juice fermentation and has a potential effect in modulating wine quality. the aim was to study the influence of foliar applications of riboflavin (vitamin b2) to vineyard on grape nitrogen composition. this vitamin has a reported capacity to protect different plant species, but its application to favor grape and grape juice quality had not previously been studied. this work reports the oenologic ... | 2018 | 28946318 |
| chemical composition, bioactive compounds, and volatiles of six table grape varieties (vitis vinifera l.). | six table grape cultivars (centennial seedless, chasselas, italia, italia rubi, alphonse lavallée, and muscat de hambourg) were analyzed for their levels of soluble solids, titratable acidity, sugars, organic acids, vitamin c and e, carotenoids, polyphenolics and volatile compounds during two successive years. descriptive sensory analyses of the six table grape varieties were also performed. mainly due to anthocyanins, black cultivars had the highest total phenolic contents. alphonse lavallée ha ... | 2018 | 28946307 |
| chemical elements as fingerprints of geographical origin in cultivars of vitis vinifera l. raised on the same so4 rootstock. | the uptake of major and trace elements in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) can be influenced by soil, climate, geographic origin, and rootstock type. rootstocks were mainly selected to resist phylloxera and for specific tolerance to lime, mineral uptake, drought, and salinity. the relationship among concentrations of major, trace, and rare earth elements was studied in soil and leaves from two italian grapevine cultivars, "cabernet sauvignon" and "corvina," employed to produce renowned controlled d ... | 2018 | 29047056 |
| molecular typing of bois noir phytoplasma strains in the chianti classico area (tuscany, central italy) and their association with symptom severity in vitis vinifera 'sangiovese'. | bois noir (bn) is the most widespread disease of the grapevine yellows complex in the euro-mediterranean area. bn is caused by 'candidatus phytoplasma solani' (bnp), transmitted from herbaceous plants to grapevine by polyphagous insect vectors. in this study, genetic diversity among bnp strains and their prevalence and possible association with grapevine symptom severity were investigated in a sangiovese clone organic vineyard in the chianti classico area (tuscany). field surveys over 2 years re ... | 2018 | 29027886 |
| epiphytic fungal community in vitis vinifera of the portuguese wine regions. | in this work, fungi present in the grapevine's phyllosphere collected from the main demarcated wine regions of portugal were identified, and their phylogenetic relationships were analysed. a total of 46 vine samples (leaves and berries) were collected from different parts of the country, being isolated a total of 117 fungal colonies that were identified to the genus level and sequenced in the following genetic regions: internal transcribed spacer region and 18s rrna and β-tubulin gene. next, a p ... | 2018 | 29139139 |
| pest management under climate change: the importance of understanding tritrophic relations. | plants and insects depend on climatic factors (temperature, solar radiation, precipitations, relative humidity and co2) for their development. current knowledge suggests that climate change can alter plants and insects development and affect their interactions. shifts in tritrophic relations are of particular concern for integrated pest management (ipm), because responses at the highest trophic level (natural enemies) are highly sensitive to warmer temperature. it is expected that natural enemie ... | 2018 | 29127793 |
| identification of a novel vitivirus from grapevines in new zealand. | we report a sequence of a novel vitivirus from vitis vinifera obtained using two high-throughput sequencing (hts) strategies on rna. the initial discovery from small-rna sequencing was confirmed by hts of the total rna and sanger sequencing. the new virus has a genome structure similar to the one reported for other vitiviruses, with five open reading frames (orfs) coding for the conserved domains described for members of that genus. phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome sequence confirmed ... | 2018 | 29026999 |
| effect of irrigation and timing and type of nitrogen application on the biochemical composition of vitis vinifera l. cv. chardonnay and syrah grapeberries. | this study reports the effect of different doses of nitrogen applied to soil and/or leaves of syrah and chardonnay grapevines in the languedoc-roussillon (france) over two years. in 2011, nitrogen treatment involved both foliar urea sprayings and soil application at two different levels, with two controls - irrigated without nitrogen and no irrigation nor nitrogen. in 2012, the same grapevines received either soil or foliar nitrogen using the same controls. results showed that foliar application ... | 2018 | 28958516 |
| effects of irrigation over three years on the amino acid composition of treixadura (vitis vinifera l.) musts and wines, and on the aromatic composition and sensory profiles of its wines. | amino acids and volatile compounds play an important role in wine aroma and sensory characteristics. the concentrations of these compounds might be altered by climate interanual variability and by management practices such as irrigation. the aim of the current study was to assess the amino acid profile of musts and wines, volatile composition and sensory profile of wines from vitis vinifera (l.) cultivar 'treixadura' obtained from vines under rain-fed and irrigation conditions over three consecu ... | 2018 | 28946333 |
| comparison of consecutive harvests versus blending treatments to produce lower alcohol wines from cabernet sauvignon grapes: impact on polysaccharide and tannin content and composition. | a changing climate has led to winegrapes being harvested with increased sugar levels and at greater risk of berry shrivel. a suggested easy-to-adopt strategy to manage the associated rising wine alcohol levels is the pre-fermentative substitution of juice with either "green harvest wine" or water. our study investigates the effects of this approach on vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon wine quality attributes. wines were also made from fruit collected at consecutive earlier harvest time po ... | 2018 | 29120804 |
| effect of methyl jasmonate on the aroma of sangiovese grapes and wines. | methyl jasmonate (meja) was applied in a vineyard on leaves and grape clusters of cv sangiovese to test its ability to stimulate the production of aromas and identify the main genes involved in the biosynthetic pathways switched on by the elicitor. meja application led to a delay in grape technological maturity and a significant increase in the concentration of several berry aroma classes (about twice the total aroma: from around 3 to 6μg/g of berry). of these, monoterpenes showed the most signi ... | 2018 | 29037700 |
| polyamine metabolism in climacteric and non-climacteric fruit ripening. | polyamines are small aliphatic amines that are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. these growth regulators have been implicated in abiotic and biotic stresses as well as plant development and morphogenesis. several studies have also suggested a key role of polyamines during fruit set and early development. polyamines have also been linked to fruit ripening and in the regulation of fruit quality-related traits.recent studies indicate that during ripening of both climacteric and no ... | 2018 | 29080186 |
| comparison of three assembly strategies for a heterozygous seedless grapevine genome assembly. | de novo heterozygous assembly is an ongoing challenge requiring improved assembly approaches. in this study, three strategies were used to develop de novo vitis vinifera 'sultanina' genome assemblies for comparison with the inbred v. vinifera (pn40024 12x.v2) reference genome and a published sultanina allpaths-lg assembly (ap). the strategies were: 1) a default platanus assembly (plat_d) for direct comparison with ap assembly, 2) an iterative merging strategy using metassembler to combine plat_d ... | 2018 | 29343235 |
| genetic architecture of aerial and root traits in field-grown grafted grapevines is largely independent. | qtls were identified for traits assessed on field-grown grafted grapevines. root number and section had the largest phenotypic variance explained. genetic control of root and aerial traits was independent. breeding new rootstocks for perennial crops remains challenging, mainly because of the number of desirable traits which have to be combined, these traits include good rooting ability and root development. consequently, the present study analyzes the genetic architecture of root traits in grape ... | 2018 | 29305700 |
| protective effects of red grape (vitis vinifera) juice through restoration of antioxidant defense, endocrine swing and hsf1, hsp72 levels in heat stress induced testicular dysregulation of wister rat. | ability of red grape juice (rgj), a known antioxidant, on testis of adult wister rat to protect from oxidative stress induced damages by heat stress has been investigated in this study. heat stress was induced maintaining body and testicular temperature at 43°c for 30min/day for 15 days using a hyperthermia induction chamber. four groups of rats (n=6 per group) comprising of group-i (control) -kept at 32°c, group-ii -exposed to heat stress alone, group-iii received rgj (0.8ml/rat/day) alone and ... | 2018 | 29301698 |
| evidence-based treatment of atopic dermatitis with topical moisturizers. | skin barrier restoration represents the mainstay of the treatment of atopic dermatitis and the use of moisturizers is recommended by several international guidelines. the aim of the study was to investigate through an evidence-based medicine analysis the effectiveness and safety of different moisturizing products available for a non-pharmacological treatment of atopic dermatitis. a total of 92 randomized controlled trials (rcts) have been identified and analyzed. the results confirm the presence ... | 2018 | 29368843 |
| recent advances in postharvest technology of the wine grape to improve the wine aroma. | postharvest techniques are widely used for the handling and storage of fresh horticultural crops. some of these crops are interesting for use with wine grapes to improve the quality of wine. in this review, we consider the postharvest techniques that are already commercially used in wine sector and others that may be significant in inducing or extracting the aroma from grapes to produce high-quality wines. | 2018 | 29369355 |
| aroma modulation of cabernet gernischt dry red wine by optimal enzyme treatment strategy in winemaking. | cabernet gernischt (cg) is a famous chinese wine grape cultivar, the red wine of which is known for its green trait, especially when produced from grapes cultivated in regions with monsoon climate. to modify cg wine aroma, three enzyme preparations (h. uvarum extracellular enzyme, ar2000, and pectinase) were introduced in different winemaking stages with saccharomyces cerevisiae. free and bound aroma compounds in young wines were detected using headspace solid-phase micro-extraction and gas chro ... | 2018 | 29287349 |
| quantitating volatile phenols in cabernet franc berries and wine after on-vine exposure to smoke from a simulated forest fire. | smoke-taint is a wine defect linked to organoleptic volatile phenols (vps) in vitis vinifera l. berries that have been exposed to smoke from wildland fires. herein, the levels of smoke-taint-associated vps are reported in cabernet franc berries from veraison to commercial maturity and in wine after primary fermentation following on-vine exposure to simulated wildland fire smoke. vps increased after smoke exposure were rapidly stored as acid-labile conjugates, and the levels of both free vps and ... | 2018 | 29244496 |
| exogenous 24-epibrassinolide interacts with light to regulate anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in cabernet sauvignon (vitis vinifera l.). | anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (pas) are crucial factors that affect the quality of grapes and the making of wine, which were stimulated by various stimuli and environment factors (sugar, hormones, light, and temperature). the aim of the study was to investigate the influence of exogenous 24-epibrassinolide (ebr) and light on the mechanism of anthocyanins and pas accumulation in grape berries. grape clusters were sprayed with ebr (0.4 mg/l) under light and darkness conditions (ebr + l, ebr + ... | 2018 | 29315208 |
| plant dhdpr forms a dimer with unique secondary structure features that preclude higher-order assembly. | dihydrodipicolinate reductase (dhdpr) catalyses the second reaction in the diaminopimelate pathway of lysine biosynthesis in bacteria and plants. in contrast with the tetrameric bacterial dhdpr enzymes, we show that dhdpr from vitis vinifera (grape) and selaginella moellendorffii are dimeric in solution. in the present study, we have also determined the crystal structures of dhdpr enzymes from the plants arabidopsis thaliana and s. moellendorffii, which are the first dimeric dhdpr structures. th ... | 2018 | 29187521 |
| combining color chart, colorimetric measurement and chemical compounds for postharvest quality of white wine grapes. | this paper provides data for the potential use of a color chart to establish the best quality of white wine grape destined to postharvest processing. grechetto, vermentino and muscat of alexandria white wine varieties, were tested by sampling berries at different dates along quality attributes evolution. a color chart and reflectance spectrocolorimeter were used in combination with analyses of total carotenoids and chlorophylls in all three varieties and volatile organic compounds (vocs) for gre ... | 2018 | 29297926 |
| grapevine rootstocks shape underground bacterial microbiome and networking but not potential functionality. | the plant compartments of vitis vinifera, including the rhizosphere, rhizoplane, root endosphere, phyllosphere and carposphere, provide unique niches that drive specific bacterial microbiome associations. the majority of phyllosphere endophytes originate from the soil and migrate up to the aerial compartments through the root endosphere. thus, the soil and root endosphere partially define the aerial endosphere in the leaves and berries, contributing to the terroir of the fruit. however, v. vinif ... | 2018 | 29298729 |
| a new image-based tool for the high throughput phenotyping of pollen viability: evaluation of inter- and intra-cultivar diversity in grapevine. | low pollen viability may limit grapevine yield under certain conditions, causing relevant economic losses to grape-growers. it is usually evaluated by the quantification of the number of viable and non-viable pollen grains that are present in a sample after an adequate pollen grain staining procedure. although the manual counting of both types of grains is the simplest and most sensitive approach, it is a laborious and time-demanding process. in this regard, novel image-based approaches can assi ... | 2018 | 29339970 |
| developmental control of hypoxia during bud burst in grapevine. | dormant or quiescent buds of woody perennials are often dense, and in the case of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) have a low tissue oxygen status. the precise timing of the decision to resume growth is difficult to predict, but once committed the increase in tissue oxygen status is rapid and developmentally regulated. here we show that more than a third of the grapevine homologues of widely conserved hypoxia-responsive genes, and nearly a fifth of all grapevine genes possessing a plant hypoxia-res ... | 2018 | 29336037 |
| a multi-omics study of the grapevine-downy mildew (plasmopara viticola) pathosystem unveils a complex protein coding- and noncoding-based arms race during infection. | fungicides are applied intensively to prevent downy mildew infections of grapevines (vitis vinifera) with high impact on the environment. in order to develop alternative strategies we sequenced the genome of the oomycete pathogen plasmopara viticola causing this disease. we show that it derives from a phytophthora-like ancestor that switched to obligate biotrophy by losing genes involved in nitrogen metabolism and γ-aminobutyric acid catabolism. by combining multiple omics approaches we characte ... | 2018 | 29335535 |
| isolation of proanthocyanidins from red wine, and their inhibitory effects on melanin synthesis in vitro. | the red wines made from vitis vinifera were identified as skin-whitening effectors by using in vitro assays. opcs in the wine were evaluated for tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis. strong tyrosinase inhibitory activity was observed in fractions with high oligomeric proanthocyanidin (opc) content. among opc dimers, a strong inhibitory effect on tyrosinase was observed with opcs which contain (+)-catechin as an upper unit. melanogenesis inhibitory effect was observed with opcs which have (-)-ep ... | 2018 | 29329871 |
| european ethnopharmaceuticals for self-medication in japan: review experience of vitis vinifera l., folium extract and vitex agnus-castus l., fructus extract as otc drugs. | since the publication of "application guideline for western traditional herbal medicines as otc drugs" in 2007, only two european ethnopharmaceuticals, vitis vinifera l., folium extract (antistax) and vitex agnus-castus l., fructus extract (prefemin), have been approved as otc drugs in japan. in this review, we describe the current regulation of western ethnopharmaceuticals in japan, summarize our regulatory experiences and discuss the scientific and regulatory issues involved. | 2018 | 29316611 |