| rediscovery of historical vitis vinifera varieties from the south anatolia region by using amplified fragment length polymorphism and simple sequence repeat dna fingerprinting methods. | anatolia played an important role in the diversification and spread of economically important vitis vinifera varieties. although several biodiversity studies have been conducted with local cultivars in different regions of anatolia, our aim is to gain a better knowledge on the biodiversity of endangered historical v. vinifera varieties in the northern adana region of southern anatolia, particularly those potentially displaying viticulture characteristics. we also demonstrate the genetic relatedn ... | 2013 | 23789998 |
| early versus late leaf removal strategies for pinot noir (vitis vinifera l.): effect on colour-related phenolics in young wines following alcoholic fermentation. | the widely adopted viticultural practice of late (véraison) leaf removal is now losing many of its advantages as a result of today's warmer vineyard conditions. with the aim of seeking a good alternative, the influence of earlier leaf removals (at pre-flowering and berry-set) on colour-related phenolics in young pinot noir wines was investigated in the years 2009 and 2010. | 2013 | 23765518 |
| the plasticity of the grapevine berry transcriptome. | phenotypic plasticity refers to the range of phenotypes a single genotype can express as a function of its environment. these phenotypic variations are attributable to the effect of the environment on the expression and function of genes influencing plastic traits. we investigated phenotypic plasticity in grapevine by comparing the berry transcriptome in a single clone of the vegetatively-propagated common grapevine species vitis vinifera cultivar corvina through 3 consecutive growth years culti ... | 2013 | 23759170 |
| impact of co-digestion on existing salt and nutrient mass balances for a full-scale dairy energy project. | anaerobic digestion of manure and other agricultural waste streams with subsequent energy production can result in more sustainable dairy operations; however, importation of digester feedstocks onto dairy farms alters previously established carbon, nutrient, and salinity mass balances. salt and nutrient mass balance must be maintained to avoid groundwater contamination and salination. to better understand salt and nutrient contributions of imported methane-producing substrates, a mass balance fo ... | 2013 | 23747374 |
| growth and photosynthetic responses to copper in wild grapevine. | the present study evaluates the tolerance and accumulation potential of vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris under moderate and high external cu levels. a greenhouse experiment was conducted in order to investigate the effects of a range of external cu concentrations (0-23mmoll(-1)) on growth and photosynthetic performance by measuring gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic pigments. we also measured the total copper, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur, calcium, magnesium, iro ... | 2013 | 23746388 |
| plastic, fantastic! phenotypic variance in the transcriptional landscape of the grape berry. | evaluation of the common grapevine vitis vinifera across multiple harvests and field locations provides important insights into crop transcriptional plasticity under diverse agricultural regimes. | 2013 | 23742251 |
| effect of ultrafine grinding on physicochemical and antioxidant properties of dietary fiber from wine grape pomace. | wine grape pomace dietary fiber powders were prepared by superfine grinding, whose effects were investigated on the composition, functional and antioxidant properties of the wine grape pomace dietary fiber products. the results showed that superfine grinding could effectively pulverize the fiber particles to submicron scale. as particle size decrease, the functional properties (water-holding capacity, water-retention capacity, swelling capacity, oil-binding capacity, and nitrite ion absorption c ... | 2014 | 23733819 |
| clavata3-like genes are differentially expressed in grape vine (vitis vinifera) tissues. | the clavata3 (clv3)/endosperm surrounding region [(esr) cle] peptides function as intercellular signaling molecules that regulate various physiological and developmental processes in diverse plant species. we identified five clv3-like genes from grape vine (vitis vinifera var. pinot noir): vvcle 6, vvcle 25-1, vvcle 25-2, vvcle 43 and vvcle tdif. these clv3-like genes encode short proteins containing 43-128 amino acids. except vvcle tdif, grape vine clv3-like proteins possess a consensus amino a ... | 2013 | 23726469 |
| ankaferd blood stopper in episiotomy repair. | ankaferd blood stopper (abs) is a new hemostatic agent that is licensed for external hemorrhages. abs comprises of a standard mixture of thymus vulgaris, glycyrrhiza glabra, vitis vinifera, alpinia officinarum, and urtica dioica which has also been approved in turkey for the management of bleeding. the authors, aim was to evaluate the efficacy of abs spray in terms of blood loss during episiotomy repair. | 2013 | 23724529 |
| stable msap markers for the distinction of vitis vinifera cv pinot noir clones. | grapevine is one of the most economically important fruit crops. molecular markers have been used to study grapevine diversity. for instance, simple sequence repeats are a powerful tool for identification of grapevine cultivars, while amplified fragment length polymorphisms have shown their usefulness in intra-varietal diversity studies. other techniques such as sequence-specific amplified polymorphism are based on the presence of mobile elements in the genome, but their detection lies upon thei ... | 2013 | 23723045 |
| influence of different maceration time and temperatures on total phenols, colour and sensory properties of cabernet sauvignon wines. | maceration and fermentation time and temperatures are important factors affecting wine quality. in this study different maceration times (3 and 6 days) and temperatures (15 and 25 ) during production of red wine (vitis vinifera l. cabernet sauvignon) were investigated. in all wines standard wine chemical parameters and some specific parameters as total phenols, tartaric esters, total flavonols and colour parameters (cd, ci, t, da%, %y, %r, %b, cielab values) were determined. sensory evaluation ... | 2013 | 23703104 |
| immunomodulating and anti-allergic effects of negroamaro and koshu vitis vinifera fermented grape marc (fgm). | polyphenols contained in fgm from negroamaro (n) and koshu (k) vitis vinifera have been shown to exhibit several immunomodulating activities. for instance, mice affected by experimental colitis when administered with k-fgm showed an attenuation of the inflammatory process. in murine asthma, k-fgm reduced ige production and eosinophil number in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid. in vitro, both n- and k-fgm were able to induce t regulatory cells in terms of foxp-3 molecule expression and release of ... | 2014 | 23701568 |
| graft union formation in grapevine induces transcriptional changes related to cell wall modification, wounding, hormone signalling, and secondary metabolism. | grafting is particularly important to the cultivation of perennial crops such as grapevine (vitis vinifera) because rootstocks can provide resistance to soil-borne pests and diseases as well as improve tolerance to some abiotic stresses. successful grafting is a complex biochemical and structural process beginning with the adhesion of the two grafted partners, followed by callus formation and the establishment of a functional vascular system. at the molecular level, the sequence of events underl ... | 2013 | 23698628 |
| bioarchaeological insights into the process of domestication of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) during roman times in southern france. | grapevine (vitis vinifera), one of the most important fruit species in the classical mediterranean world, is thought to have been domesticated first in south-western asia, during the neolithic. however, the domestication process remains largely unknown. crucial unanswered questions concern the duration of the process (rapid or slow?) and the related geographical area (single or multiple-origins?). seeds from domesticated grapevine and from its wild ancestor are reported to differ according to sh ... | 2013 | 23690998 |
| selection of candidate genes for grape proanthocyanidin pathway by an integrative approach. | proanthocyanidins (pa) play a major role in plant protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. moreover these molecules are known to be beneficial for human health and are responsible for astringency of foods and beverages such as wine and thus have a great impact on the final quality of the product. genes playing a role in the pa pathway are only partially known. the amount of available transcriptomic and genetic data to select candidate genes without a priori knowledge from orthologous func ... | 2013 | 23684499 |
| sensorial, biochemical and molecular changes in raboso piave grape berries applying "double maturation raisonnée" and late harvest techniques. | at ripening, vitis vinifera cv raboso piave grapes have high acidity, which results in an astringent wine that is not easy to drink. to overcome this limitation, several researches have attempted to alter the polyphenols profile mainly by applying different harvest techniques. the aim of this work was to investigate sensorial, biochemical, and molecular changes in raboso piave grape berries subjected to delayed harvests as late harvest (lh) and "double maturation raisonnée" (dmr) techniques. at ... | 2013 | 23683929 |
| risk assessment on irrigation of vitis vinifera l. cv malbec with hg contaminated waters. | concerns regard watering crops with hg contaminated waters have arisen worldwide recently. in these sense hg uptake by vitis vinifera l. cv. malbec was evaluated under greenhouse conditions by the administration of hg(2+) for 4 days through irrigation water (short-term administration). vines uptake hg translocating it from roots through stems to leaves. roots accumulated the higher hg concentration. hg in stems and leaves was accumulated mostly as organic hg, bind to different moieties. size exc ... | 2013 | 23679130 |
| thermotolerance responses in ripening berries of vitis vinifera l. cv muscat hamburg. | berry organoleptic properties are highly influenced by ripening environmental conditions. in this study, we used grapevine fruiting cuttings to follow berry ripening under different controlled conditions of temperature and irradiation intensity. berries ripened at higher temperatures showed reduced anthocyanin accumulation and hastened ripening, leading to a characteristic drop in malic acid and total acidity. the grapegen genechip® combined with a newly developed grapegen 12xv1 mapman version w ... | 2013 | 23659918 |
| characterization of volatile compounds and olfactory profile of red minority varietal wines from la rioja. | the aim of this work was to study for the first time the volatile compounds and olfactory profile of la rioja red wines made with the local varieties vitis vinifera cv. monastel and maturana tinta de navarrete, using tempranillo as a reference variety. the impact of vintage on these compounds was also evaluated, and chemometric techniques were applied to achieve a possible differentiation of the wines. | 2013 | 23640744 |
| a methyltransferase essential for the methoxypyrazine-derived flavour of wine. | methoxypyrazines are a family of potent volatile compounds of diverse biological significance. they are used by insects and plants in chemical defence, are present in many vegetables and fruit and, in particular, impart herbaceous/green/vegetal sensory attributes to wines of certain varieties, including cabernet sauvignon. while pathways for methoxypyrazine biosynthesis have been postulated, none of the steps have been confirmed genetically. we have used the f2 progeny of a cross between a rapid ... | 2013 | 23627620 |
| effect of two different treatments for reducing grape yield in vitis vinifera cv syrah on wine composition and quality: berry thinning versus cluster thinning. | the influence of two treatments for reducing grape yield, cluster thinning and berry thinning, on red wine composition and quality were studied in a vitis vinifera cv syrah vineyard in aoc penedès (spain). cluster thinning reduced grape yield per vine by around 40% whereas berry thinning only reduced it by around 20%. cluster thinning grapes had higher soluble solids content than control grapes, and their resultant wines have greater anthocyanin and polysaccharide concentrations than the control ... | 2013 | 23627566 |
| characterisation of the flavour profile from graciano vitis vinifera wine variety by a novel dual stir bar sorptive extraction methodology coupled to thermal desorption and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. | the aim of this work was to develop a new analytical technique for the study of the organoleptic compounds (flavour profile) of the graciano vitis vinifera wine variety. the cv. graciano is a singular variety of red grapes with its origins in la rioja and navarra (northern spain). this variety transfers an intense red colour, aroma and high acidity to musts and provides greater longevity and, consequently, a better capacity for ageing wine. a new dual-stir bar sorptive extraction approach couple ... | 2013 | 23622963 |
| a faster and a stronger defense response: one of the key elements in grapevine explaining its lower level of susceptibility to esca? | wood diseases like esca are among the most damaging afflictions in grapevine. the defense mechanisms in this plant-pathogen interaction are not well understood. as some grapevine cultivars have been observed to be less susceptible to esca than others, understanding the factors involved in this potentially stronger defense response can be of great interest. to lift part of this veil, we elicited vitis vinifera plants of two cultivars less susceptible to esca ('merlot' and 'carignan') and of one s ... | 2013 | 23617335 |
| characterizing inland pacific northwest american viticultural areas with geospatial data. | american viticultural areas are officially recognized appellations for wine grapes (vitis vinifera l.). they represent not only geographic identification for growers, but also economic significance through price premiums for grapes from desirable appellations and wines sourcing grapes from such appellations. petitions for establishment and official descriptions of american viticultural areas in the inland pacific northwest have traditionally relied on general descriptions of physical attributes ... | 2013 | 23614001 |
| genetic dissection of agronomic traits within a segregating population of breeding table grapes. | grapes (vitis vinifera) are of great economic importance worldwide. we genetically dissected a table grape breeding population, using hidden markov models (hmm) applied to quantitative trait locus (qtl) analyses. we evaluated and dissected the following traits: total number of clusters, leaf score, peduncle length, cluster length, number of berries, weight of 10 berries, average seed number, nature of seeds, berry skin color, soluble solids, titratable acidity, and berry anthocyanin. a consensus ... | 2013 | 23613241 |
| breeding new seedless grape by means of in vitro embryo rescue. | this project aimed at breeding new seedless grape cultivars by embryo rescue through three hybridization methods: 1) using cross-breeding between seedless vitis vinifera cultivars and wild chinese vitis spp; 2) crossing with two seedless cultivars, and 3) hybridization between grapes of different ploidy. genotype, sampling times, and media were confirmed to play important roles in this system. among the different genotypes, the productions of hybrid plants were significantly different, ranging f ... | 2013 | 23613194 |
| genetic analysis of the biosynthesis of 2-methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine, a major grape-derived aroma compound impacting wine quality. | methoxypyrazines (mps) are strongly odorant volatile molecules with vegetable-like fragrances that are widespread in plants. some grapevine (vitis vinifera) varieties accumulate significant amounts of mps, including 2-methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine (ibmp), which is the major mp in grape berries. mps are of particular importance in white sauvignon blanc wines. the typicality of these wines relies on a fine balance between the pea pod, capsicum character of mps and the passion fruit/grapefruit charact ... | 2013 | 23606597 |
| garnacha tintorera-based sweet wines: chromatic properties and global phenolic composition by means of uv-vis spectrophotometry. | valdeorras (the n.w. corner of spain) wants to promote the production and marketing of new sweet wines. the present work represents the first study on sweet wines manufactured with red grapes vitis vinifera l. garnacha tintorera, a teinturier cultivar. two different red sweet wines were elaborated: the first one was made with dried grapes; vitis vinifera l. garnacha tintorera has excellent potential to produce wines from raisined grapes; the second one, a fortified sweet wine aged in oak barrels ... | 2013 | 23578636 |
| climate change, wine, and conservation. | climate change is expected to impact ecosystems directly, such as through shifting climatic controls on species ranges, and indirectly, for example through changes in human land use that may result in habitat loss. shifting patterns of agricultural production in response to climate change have received little attention as a potential impact pathway for ecosystems. wine grape production provides a good test case for measuring indirect impacts mediated by changes in agriculture, because viticultur ... | 2013 | 23569231 |
| study of polyamines during grape ripening indicate an important role of polyamine catabolism. | grapevine (vitis species) is the most economically important fruit crop worldwide. ripening of non-climacteric fruits such as grapes has been the subject of intense research. despite this interest, little is known on the role played by polyamines in the onset of ripening of non-climacteric fruits. these growth regulators have been involved in plant development and stress responses. molecular and biochemical studies were developed in three important portuguese cultivars (trincadeira, touriga naci ... | 2013 | 23562795 |
| impact of processing parameters on the phenolic profile of wines produced from hybrid red grapes maréchal foch, corot noir, and marquette. | phenolic extraction in hybrid and interspecific wine grape cultivars is poorly understood, especially in terms of the impact of fermentation and enological conditions on condensed tannins and anthocyanins. following fractionation via solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography, phenolic profiles of must and wine from red hybrid grape cultivars maréchal foch, corot noir, and marquette were examined to assess the impact of enzyme and tannin addition, cold soak, and hot press ... | 2013 | 23551038 |
| microsatellite amplification in plants: optimization procedure of major pcr components. | microsatellites (ssrs) are the most informative and popular class of molecular markers used for diverse purposes, particularly in plants: genetic diversity study, marker assisted selection, breeding, mapping, phylogenetics and phylogeography, systematics, etc. they have become a routine technique practically in each laboratory for studying molecular plant genetics. despite their wide utilization, however, setup and optimization of various conditions involved in pcr amplification is a prerequisit ... | 2013 | 23546789 |
| linkage mapping and molecular diversity at the flower sex locus in wild and cultivated grapevine reveal a prominent ssr haplotype in hermaphrodite plants. | cultivars used for wine and table grape have self-fertile hermaphrodite flowers whereas wild european vines and american and asian species are dioecious, having either male or female flowers. consistent with previous studies, the flower sex trait was mapped as a single major locus on chromosome 2 based on a pure vitis vinifera population segregating for hermaphrodite and female progeny, and a hybrid population producing all three flower sex types. the sex locus was placed between the same ssr an ... | 2013 | 23532385 |
| genomic organization, phylogenetic comparison and differential expression of the sbp-box family genes in grape. | the sbp-box gene family is specific to plants and encodes a class of zinc finger-containing transcription factors with a broad range of functions. although sbp-box genes have been identified in numerous plants including green algae, moss, silver birch, snapdragon, arabidopsis, rice and maize, there is little information concerning sbp-box genes, or the corresponding mir156/157, function in grapevine. | 2013 | 23527172 |
| influence of the freezing method on the changes that occur in grape samples after frozen storage. | sample freezing is frequently used in oenological laboratories as a compromise solution to increase the number of samples that can be analysed, despite the fact that some grape characteristics are known to change after frozen storage. however, freezing is usually performed using standard freezers, which provide a slow freezing. the aim of this work was to evaluate whether blast freezing would decrease the impact of standard freezing on grape composition. | 2013 | 23526245 |
| proteomic analysis indicates massive changes in metabolism prior to the inhibition of growth and photosynthesis of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) in response to water deficit. | cabernet sauvignon grapevines were exposed to a progressive, increasing water defict over 16 days. shoot elongation and photosynthesis were measured for physiological responses to water deficit. the effect of water deficit over time on the abundance of individual proteins in growing shoot tips (including four immature leaves) was analyzed using nanoflow liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (nanolc-ms/ms). | 2013 | 23514573 |
| manipulating vineyard nitrogen on a saline site: 1. effect of nitrogen on growth, grape yield and nutrients of vitis vinifera l. cv shiraz. | with increased prevalence of saline irrigation water applied to vines worldwide, the issue of appropriate nitrogen management is of concern. different rates of nitrogen per vine as urea were applied to shiraz vines on own roots over four seasons in a low-rainfall, saline growing environment. | 2013 | 23504619 |
| vitis vinifera secondary metabolism as affected by sulfate depletion: diagnosis through phenylpropanoid pathway genes and metabolites. | grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) is rich in phenylpropanoid compounds, namely flavonoids and stilbenes which, present in most tissues, are described as antioxidants and known to accumulate in response to biotic and abiotic stress. grapevine is then a choice model for studying the interplay between the phenylpropanoid pathway and nutrient deficiency. here we report the response to sulfur deficiency (-s) of flavonoids and stilbenes biosynthetic pathways in chlorophyll tissues (plantlets) and cell cul ... | 2013 | 23500714 |
| mineral stress affects the cell wall composition of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) callus. | grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) is one of the most economically important fruit crops in the world. deficit in nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur nutrition impairs essential metabolic pathways. the influence of mineral stress in the composition of the plant cell wall (cw) has received residual attention. using grapevine callus as a model system, 6 weeks deficiency of those elements caused a significant decrease in growth. callus cws were analyzed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ft-ir), by ... | 2013 | 23498868 |
| differences in the phenolic composition and antioxidant properties between vitis coignetiae and vitis vinifera seeds extracts. | phenolic compounds were extracted from european and japanese grapevine species (vitis vinifera and v. coignetiae) seeds using 80% methanol or 80% acetone. the total content of phenolic compounds was determined utilizing folin-ciocalteu's phenol reagent, while the content of tannins was assayed by the vanillin and bsa precipitation methods. additionally, the dpph free radical and abts cation radical scavenging activities and the reduction power of the extracts were measured. the hplc method was a ... | 2013 | 23493104 |
| hydrogen peroxide accumulation and transcriptional changes in grapevines recovered from flavescence dorée disease. | flavescence dorée (fd) is considered one of the most severe phytoplasma diseases affecting grapevine. the spontaneous, complete, and stable remission of the symptoms of fd (recovery) is a phenomenon that may occur in infected grapevines. the molecular bases of this phenomenon are still unclear, although some works suggest that recovery could be linked to the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2). several genes coding for enzymes involved in h2o2 metabolism, in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, ... | 2013 | 23489524 |
| validation assay of p3_vvagl11 marker in a wide range of genetic background for early selection of stenospermocarpy in vitis vinifera l. | dna markers technology, derived from research in molecular biology and genomics, offers great promise for plant breeding, allowing the "molecular breeding" via marker-assisted selection. grapevine genomic resources allowed, in recent years, the characterization at molecular level of genes involved in interesting phenotypes such as stenospermocarpic seedlessness, a trait really appreciated by consumers. recent studies in table grapes revealed that the vvagl11 gene, member of the d-lineage mads-bo ... | 2013 | 23483354 |
| isolation of resveratrol from vitis viniferae caulis and its potent inhibition of human tyrosinase. | tyrosinase (tyr) catalyzes rate-limiting reactions of cellular melanin synthesis, and its inhibitors are of commercial interest as potential skin whitening agents. however, the limited availability of human tyr makes the screening of tyr inhibitors difficult. to overcome this hurdle, we transformed nonmelanocytic human embryonic kidney (hek) 293 cells to express human tyr constitutively. using these cells as a source of human tyr, the ethanolic extracts of 52 medicinal plants grown in korea were ... | 2013 | 23476698 |
| protective potential of black grapes against lead induced oxidative stress in rats. | from time immemorial vitis vinifera (black grapes) have been used both for medicinal and nourishment purposes. the aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of black grapes against lead nitrate induced oxidative stress. exposure to lead significantly increased malondialdehyde levels with a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, and the concentration of gsh in the liver and kidneys of rats. significantly increased levels of ast, alt, alp, bun and ser ... | 2013 | 23467113 |
| in vivo visualizations of drought-induced embolism spread in vitis vinifera. | long-distance water transport through plant xylem is vulnerable to hydraulic dysfunction during periods of increased tension on the xylem sap, often coinciding with drought. while the effects of local and systemic embolism on plant water transport and physiology are well documented, the spatial patterns of embolism formation and spread are not well understood. using a recently developed nondestructive diagnostic imaging tool, high-resolution x-ray computed tomography, we documented the dynamics ... | 2013 | 23463781 |
| selective defoliation affects plant growth, fruit transcriptional ripening program and flavonoid metabolism in grapevine. | the selective removal of grapevine leaves around berry clusters can improve the quality of ripening fruits by influencing parameters such as the berry sugar and anthocyanin content at harvest. the outcome depends strongly on the timing of defoliation, which influences the source-sink balance and the modified microclimate surrounding the berries. we removed the basal leaves from vitis vinifera l. cv sangiovese shoots at the pre-bloom and veraison stages, and investigated responses such as shoot g ... | 2013 | 23433030 |
| evolution of flavonoids in mouratón berries taken from both bunch halves. | galicia (n.w. spain) is a spanish region with several old-traditional winegrowing areas. there are autochthonous grapevine varieties, such as vitis vinifera l. cv. mouratón, considered a biodiversity resource in viticulture and an opportunity for galician sustainable wine production. therefore, it is necessary to assess the potential of traditional cultivars to produce quality red wines. in this work, anthocyanin and flavonol evolution was followed in red berries from v. vinifera l. cv. mouratón ... | 2013 | 23411319 |
| genetic structure in cultivated grapevines is linked to geography and human selection. | grapevine (vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera) is one of the most important and ancient horticultural plants in the world. domesticated about 8-10,000 years ago in the eurasian region, grapevine evolved from its wild relative (v. vinifera subsp. sylvestris) into very diverse and heterozygous cultivated forms. in this work we study grapevine genetic structure in a large sample of cultivated varieties, to interpret the wide diversity at morphological and molecular levels and link it to cultivars utili ... | 2013 | 23394135 |
| large-scale proteomic analysis of the grapevine leaf apoplastic fluid reveals mainly stress-related proteins and cell wall modifying enzymes. | the extracellular space or apoplast forms a path through the whole plant and acts as an interface with the environment. the apoplast is composed of plant cell wall and space within which apoplastic fluid provides a means of delivering molecules and facilitates intercellular communications. however, the apoplastic fluid extraction from in planta systems remains challenging and this is particularly true for grapevine (vitis vinifera l.), a worldwide-cultivated fruit plant. large-scale proteomic an ... | 2013 | 23391302 |
| metabolic profiling reveals coordinated switches in primary carbohydrate metabolism in grape berry (vitis vinifera l.), a non-climacteric fleshy fruit. | changes in carbohydrate metabolism during grape berry development play a central role in shaping the final composition of the fruit. the present work aimed to identify metabolic switches during grape development and to provide insights into the timing of developmental regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. metabolites from central carbon metabolism were measured using high-pressure anion-exchange chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and enzymatic assays during the development of gr ... | 2013 | 23364938 |
| molecular characterization of dna repair protein ku70 from vitis vinifera and its purification from transgenic tobacco. | the dna double strand break repair in plants is preferentially by non homologous end joining (nhej) pathway. a key protein of nhej pathway is ku70. we have identified ku70 homolog (vvku70) from grapevine genome database. in this report we characterize a ku70 homologue from vitis vinifera cv. mango. the vvku70 expression was found to increase strongly in response to gamma radiation. the transcript level of vvku70 was found to increase up to 36 h in gamma irradiated shoots of grapevine. the expres ... | 2013 | 23361869 |
| structural, kinetic and computational investigation of vitis vinifera dhdps reveals new insight into the mechanism of lysine-mediated allosteric inhibition. | lysine is one of the most limiting amino acids in plants and its biosynthesis is carefully regulated through inhibition of the first committed step in the pathway catalyzed by dihydrodipicolinate synthase (dhdps). this is mediated via a feedback mechanism involving the binding of lysine to the allosteric cleft of dhdps. however, the precise allosteric mechanism is yet to be defined. we present a thorough enzyme kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of lysine inhibition of dhdps from the common grap ... | 2013 | 23354837 |
| xylem vessel relays contribute to radial connectivity in grapevine stems (vitis vinifera and v. arizonica; vitaceae). | xylem network connections play an important role in water and nutrient transport in plants, but also facilitate the spread of air embolisms and xylem-dwelling pathogens. this study describes the structure and function of vessel relays found in grapevine xylem that form radial and tangential connections between spatially discrete vessels. | 2013 | 23345417 |
| 'candidatus phytoplasma solani', a novel taxon associated with stolbur- and bois noir-related diseases of plants. | phytoplasmas classified in group 16srxii infect a wide range of plants and are transmitted by polyphagous planthoppers of the family cixiidae. based on 16s rrna gene sequence identity and biological properties, group 16srxii encompasses several species, including 'candidatus phytoplasma australiense', 'candidatus phytoplasma japonicum' and 'candidatus phytoplasma fragariae'. other group 16srxii phytoplasma strains are associated with stolbur disease in wild and cultivated herbaceous and woody pl ... | 2013 | 23334879 |
| using an automatic resistivity profiler soil sensor on-the-go in precision viticulture. | spatial information on vineyard soil properties can be useful in precision viticulture. in this paper a combination of high resolution soil spatial information of soil electrical resistivity (er) and ancillary topographic attributes, such as elevation and slope, were integrated to assess the spatial variability patterns of vegetative growth and yield of a commercial vineyard (vitis vinifera l. cv. tempranillo) located in the wine-producing region of la rioja, spain. high resolution continuous ge ... | 2013 | 23325171 |
| the grape berry-specific basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor vvceb1 affects cell size. | the development of fleshy fruits involves complex physiological and biochemical changes. after fertilization, fruit growth usually begins with cell division, continues with both cell division and expansion, allowing fruit set to occur, and ends with cell expansion only. in spite of the economical importance of grapevine, the molecular mechanisms controlling berry growth are not fully understood. the present work identified and characterized vitis vinifera cell elongation bhlh protein (vvceb1), a ... | 2013 | 23314819 |
| comparison of ultrasound-assisted extraction with conventional extraction methods of oil and polyphenols from grape (vitis vinifera l.) seeds. | ultrasound-assisted extraction (us) carried out at 20 khz, 150 w for 30 min gave grape seed oil yield (14% w/w) similar to soxhlet extraction (s) for 6 h. no significant differences for the major fatty acids was observed in oils extracted by s and us at 150 w. instead, k232 and k268 of us- oils resulted lower than s-oil. from grape seeds differently defatted (s and us), polyphenols and their fractions were extracted by maceration for 12 h and by ultrasound-assisted extraction for 15 min. sonicat ... | 2013 | 23305938 |
| nocturnal and daytime stomatal conductance respond to root-zone temperature in 'shiraz' grapevines. | daytime root-zone temperature may be a significant factor regulating water flux through plants. water flux can also occur during the night but nocturnal stomatal response to environmental drivers such as root-zone temperature remains largely unknown. | 2013 | 23293018 |
| phytoseiidae in european grape (vitis vinifera l.): bio-ecological aspects and keys to species (acari: mesostigmata). | the family phytoseiidae includes many species of predators involved in the control of mite pests of crops all over the world. in european vineyards, these natural enemies play a key role in plant protection as their presence usually makes the use of acaricides unnecessary. each species has its specific biological features. it is thus of great interest to identify the species reported on grape, vitis vinifera. the present paper, based on a world database of the family phytoseiidae and on an analy ... | 2013 | 26120664 |
| characterization of flavan-3-ols and expression of myb and late pathway genes involved in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in foliage of vitis bellula. | proanthocyanidins (pas) are fundamental nutritional metabolites in different types of grape products consumed by human beings. although the biosynthesis of pas in berry of vitis vinifera has gained intensive investigations, the understanding of pas in other vitis species is limited. in this study, we report pa formation and characterization of gene expression involved in pa biosynthesis in leaves of v. bellula, a wild edible grape species native to south and south-west china. leaves are collecte ... | 2013 | 24957897 |
| effect of rain-shelter cultivation of vitis vinifera cv. cabernet gernischet on the phenolic profile of berry skins and the incidence of grape diseases. | rain-shelter cultivation is an effective cultural method to prevent rainfall damage during grape harvest and widely applied in the chinese rainy regions. in this study we investigated the effect of rain-shelter cultivation on grape diseases and phenolic composition in the skins of vitis vinifera cv. cabernet gernischet grape berries through the comparison with open-field cultivation at two vintages (2010 and 2011). the results showed that rain-shelter cultivation reduced the incidence of grape d ... | 2012 | 23271472 |
| wine grape pomace as antioxidant dietary fibre for enhancing nutritional value and improving storability of yogurt and salad dressing. | wine grape pomace (wgp) as a source of antioxidant dietary fibre (adf) was fortified in yogurt (y), italian (i) and thousand island (t) salad dressings. during the 3 weeks of storage at 4 °c, viscosity and ph of wgp-y increased and decreased, respectively, but syneresis and lactic acid percentage of wgp-y and ph of wgp-i and wgp-t were stable. adding wgp resulted in 35-65% reduction of peroxide values in all samples. dried whole pomace powder (wp) fortified products had dietary fibre content of ... | 2013 | 23265499 |
| purification and structural characterisation of lipid transfer protein from red wine and grapes. | lipid transfer proteins (ltp) play a major role in plant defence and are of particular interest due to their known ability to cause allergic reactions. these proteins are expressed in grapes and also remain detectable after vinification, especially in red wine. however, it remains unknown whether the protein undergoes any changes during the vinification process. here, we present a purification method for ltps from dornfelder grapes and wine. by liquid-chromatography-mass spectroscopy (lc-ms/ms) ... | 2013 | 23265486 |
| dietary grapes (vitis vinifera) feeding attenuates ethanol-induced oxidative stress in blood and modulates immune functions in mice. | ethanol metabolism is known to induce overwhelming production of reactive oxygen species (ros) and also to cause associated immune dysfunction. several interventional agents of plant origin, in particular fruits and vegetables have been used to counteract these alterations induced by ethanol. in this study, we investigated the efficacy of dietary feeding of skin and flesh of grapes (vitis vinifera l.) on the alterations in immune and vascular functions in mice with liver abnormalities induced by ... | 2012 | 23259325 |
| transcriptome analysis at four developmental stages of grape berry (vitis vinifera cv. shiraz) provides insights into regulated and coordinated gene expression. | vitis vinifera berry development is characterised by an initial phase where the fruit is small, hard and acidic, followed by a lag phase known as veraison. in the final phase, berries become larger, softer and sweeter and accumulate an array of organoleptic compounds. since the physiological and biochemical makeup of grape berries at harvest has a profound impact on the characteristics of wine, there is great interest in characterising the molecular and biophysical changes that occur from flower ... | 2012 | 23227855 |
| the reflectivity in the s-band and the broadband ultrasonic spectroscopy as new tools for the study of water relations in vitis vinifera l. | the large water requirements of vitis vinifera l. together with an increase in temperature and drought events imply the need for irrigation in the driest areas of its distribution range. generous watering may reduce grape quality so irrigation should be precisely regulated through the development of new methods of accurate irrigation scheduling based on plant 'stress sensing'. two new methods, the reflectivity in the s-band and the broadband ultrasonic spectroscopy, can be used as non-invasive a ... | 2013 | 23216204 |
| chemopreventive properties of raisins originating from greece in colon cancer cells. | colorectal cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality in humans in both developed and developing countries. dietary patterns influence the risk of colon cancer development, while plant-derived foods have gained great interest, due to the high content of antioxidants. corinthian raisins (currants, cr) and sultanas (s) (vitis vinifera l., vitaceae) are dried vine fruits produced in greece with many culinary uses in both the mediterranean and the western nutrition. in the present ... | 2013 | 23211994 |
| early signaling events in grapevine cells elicited with cyclodextrins and methyl jasmonate. | the use of cyclic oligosaccharides like cyclodextrins (cds), alone or combined with methyl jasmonate (mj), as elicitors has proved very effective in stimulating the production of trans-resveratrol (trans-r) in vitis vinifera suspension-cultured cells (scc). since elicitors can be used to increase trans-r production, understanding the molecular mechanisms involved would improve the management of grapevine cells as factories of this compound. the results obtained in this study provide evidence for ... | 2013 | 23208304 |
| temperature-dependent kinetics of grape seed phenolic compounds extraction: experiment and model. | the kinetics of a batch solid-liquid extraction of total phenolic compounds (pc) from milled grape seed (vitis vinifera l. cv. "frankovka") using 50% ethanol at different extraction temperatures (25-80°c) was studied. the maximum yield of pc was 0.13 kg(gae)/kg(db) after 200 min of extraction in agitated vessel at 80°c. a new model based on the assumptions of a first order kinetics mechanism for the solid-liquid extraction and a linear equilibrium at the solid-liquid interface was developed. the ... | 2013 | 23194505 |
| [effects of acetochlor on the photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics and chloroplast structure of grape leaves]. | taking one-year old sand-cultured kyoho (vitis vinifera x vĩtis labrusca) grapevines as test materials, this paper studied the effects of spraying acetochlor on the grape leaves photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics and chloroplast ultra-structure. on the 13th day after spraying acetochlor, the net photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance of upper-node leaves decreased significantly, so as the maximal photochemistry of psii and the quantum yield of psii electron transport. the rela ... | 2012 | 23189697 |
| uv-b impairs growth and gas exchange in grapevines grown in high altitude. | we previously demonstrated that solar ultraviolet-b (uv-b) radiation levels in high altitude vineyards improve berry quality in vitis vinifera cv. malbec, but also reduce berry size and yield, possibly as a consequence of increased oxidative damage and growth reductions (lower photosynthesis). the defense mechanisms toward uv-b signal and/or evoked damage promote production of antioxidant secondary metabolites instead of primary metabolites. purportedly, the uv-b effects will depend on tissues d ... | 2013 | 23167433 |
| behavior of 3-isobutyl-2-hydroxypyrazine (ibhp), a key intermediate in 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (ibmp) metabolism, in ripening wine grapes. | 3-isobutyl-2-hydroxypyrazine (ibhp) is thought to be a key intermediate in both the biosynthesis and degradation of the herbaceous smelling 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (ibmp), but its behavior during the growing season is not well understood. first, an improved method for ibhp quantification was developed. a deuterated ibhp standard was added to samples prior to isolation by mixed-mode cation exchange solid phase extraction. extracts were silylated prior to quantification by gc-ms. a limit of d ... | 2012 | 23163527 |
| cytotoxic effect of natural trans-resveratrol obtained from elicited vitis vinifera cell cultures on three cancer cell lines. | trans-resveratrol (trans-r) has been reported to be a potential cancer chemopreventive agent. although its cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines has been tested, its effect on human acute leukemia cell lines has scarcely been investigated, and only a few in vitro studies were performed using human breast epithelial cell lines. due to its potential value for human health, demand for trans-r has rapidly increased, and new biotechnological strategies to obtain it from natural edibl ... | 2012 | 23161277 |
| the relationship between root hydraulics and scion vigour across vitis rootstocks: what role do root aquaporins play? | vitis vinifera scions are commonly grafted onto rootstocks of other grape species to influence scion vigour and provide resistance to soil-borne pests and abiotic stress; however, the mechanisms by which rootstocks affect scion physiology remain unknown. this study characterized the hydraulic physiology of vitis rootstocks that vary in vigour classification by investigating aquaporin (vvpip) gene expression, fine-root hydraulic conductivity (lp(r)), % aquaporin contribution to lp(r), scion trans ... | 2012 | 23136166 |
| induction of trans-resveratrol and extracellular pathogenesis-related proteins in elicited suspension cultured cells of vitis vinifera cv monastrell. | suspension-cultured cells of vitis vinifera cv monastrell were used to investigate the effects of methyljasmonate, ethylene and salicylic acid separately or in combination with cyclodextrins on both trans-resveratrol production and the induction of defense responses. the results showed that the addition of methyljasmonate or ethylene to suspension-cultured cells jointly treated with cyclodextrins and salicylic acid provoked a decrease of trans-resveratrol levels suggesting that salicylic acid ha ... | 2013 | 23127362 |
| complete genome of a novel endornavirus assembled from next-generation sequence data. | endornaviruses have large double-stranded rna (dsrna) genomes that carry a single open reading frame (orf). here we report the complete genome of a novel endornavirus, assembled from next-generation sequence data generated from vitis vinifera-extracted dsrna. two different fungal hosts have been identified for this virus, suggesting that horizontal transmission of the virus is possible. | 2012 | 23118465 |
| influence of deficit irrigation and kaolin particle film on grape composition and volatile compounds in merlot grape (vitis vinifera l.). | the effect of deficit irrigation and a kaolin-based, foliar reflectant particle film (pf) on grape composition and volatile compounds in merlot grapes was investigated over two growing seasons in semi-arid, south-western idaho. vines were provided with differential amounts of water based on their estimated crop evapotranspiration (et(c)) throughout berry development, and particle film was applied to half of the vines in each irrigation main plot. free and bound volatile compounds in grapes were ... | 2012 | 23107699 |
| antioxidant capacity and inhibitory effect of grape seed and rosemary extract in marinades on the formation of heterocyclic amines in fried beef patties. | the effect of oil-based marinades containing grape seed extract (vitis vinifera l.; 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 g/100g) formulated in a water/oil emulsion or rosemary extract (rosmarinus officinalis; 0.12, 0.2, 0.6, 1.0 and 1.5 g/100g) in oil on the formation of heterocyclic amines (has) in fried beef patties was examined. after application of marinades and frying, four has meiqx (2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline), phip (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5b]pyridine), norharman, and harm ... | 2012 | 23107689 |
| proanthocyanidin composition and antioxidant potential of the stem winemaking byproducts from 10 different grape varieties (vitis vinifera l.). | stem byproducts from 10 different grape (vitis vinifera l.) varieties were evaluated in terms of their total phenolic and total proanthocyanidin contents, flavan-3-ol and proanthocyanidin profiles, and antioxidant capacity measured by abts, cuprac, frap, and orac assays, with a view to the recovery of their natural bioactive compounds. stems from callet, syrah, premsal blanc, parellada, and manto negro varieties yielded the highest total phenolic and total proanthocyanidin contents and showed th ... | 2012 | 23101762 |
| characterization of mitochondrial dicarboxylate/tricarboxylate transporters from grape berries. | grape berries (vitis vinifera l fruit) exhibit a double-sigmoid pattern of development that results from two successive periods of vacuolar swelling during which the nature of accumulated solutes changes significantly. throughout the first period, called green or herbaceous stage, berries accumulate high levels of organic acids, mainly malate and tartrate. at the cellular level fruit acidity comprises both metabolism and vacuolar storage. malic acid compartmentation is critical for optimal funct ... | 2013 | 23096487 |
| thermal thresholds as predictors of seed dormancy release and germination timing: altitude-related risks from climate warming for the wild grapevine vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris. | the importance of thermal thresholds for predicting seed dormancy release and germination timing under the present climate conditions and simulated climate change scenarios was investigated. in particular, vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris was investigated in four sardinian populations over the full altitudinal range of the species (from approx. 100 to 800 m a.s.l). | 2012 | 23071219 |
| hepatoprotective activity of vitis vinifera root extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats. | the ethanolic extract of the root of vitis vinifera (vitaceae) was evaluated for hepatoprotective activity in rats with liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride. the extract at an oral dose of 200 mg/kg exhibited a significant protective effect by lowering the serum levels of sgpt, sgot, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin. the extract at this dose also increases the level of total protein. these biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathological examination of liver sectio ... | 2016 | 23061290 |
| pedigree reconstruction of the italian grapevine aglianico (vitis vinifera l.) from campania. | a total of 41 accessions of aglianico belonging to three different biotypes (taburno, taurasi, and vulture) and 9 accessions of sirica grapes were sampled from diverse areas of campania (italy). all accessions were first genotyped using 21 microsatellite markers (ssr) to evaluate possible homonymies, synonymies, and the genetic structure of each group. a larger dataset was then constructed adding italian and international cultivars. on the basis of results obtained analyzing the first dataset, f ... | 2013 | 23054630 |
| a core functional region of the rfp1 promoter from chinese wild grapevine is activated by powdery mildew pathogen and heat stress. | ring-finger proteins (rfp) function as ubiquitin ligases and play key roles in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. however, little information is available on the regulation of rfp expression. here, we isolate and characterize the rfp promoter sequence from the disease-resistant chinese wild grape vitis pseudoreticulata accession baihe-35-1. promoter-gus fusion assays revealed that defense signaling molecules, powdery mildew infection, and heat stress induce vprfp1 promoter activity. ... | 2013 | 23053541 |
| a putative role for tip and pip aquaporins in dynamics of leaf hydraulic and stomatal conductances in grapevine under water stress and re-watering. | we examined the role of aquaporins (aqps) in regulating leaf hydraulic conductance (kleaf ) in vitis vinifera l. (cv chardonnay) by studying effects of aqp inhibitors, and aqp gene expression during water stress (ws) and recovery (rec). kleaf was measured after 3 h of petiole perfusion with different solutions and to introduce inhibitors. the addition of 0.1 mm hgcl2 to 15 mm kcl reduced kleaf compared with perfusion in 15 mm kno3 or kcl, and these solutions were used for leaves from control, ws ... | 2013 | 23046275 |
| transcriptome variation along bud development in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). | vegetative buds provide plants in temperate environments the possibility for growth and reproduction when environmental conditions are favorable. in grapevine, crucial developmental events take place within buds during two growing seasons in consecutive years. the first season, the shoot apical meristem within the bud differentiates all the basic elements of the shoot including flowering transition in lateral primordia and development of inflorescence primordia. these events practically end with ... | 2012 | 23035802 |
| a candidate-gene association study for berry colour and anthocyanin content in vitis vinifera l. | anthocyanin content is a trait of major interest in vitis vinifera l. these compounds affect grape and wine quality, and have beneficial effects on human health. a candidate-gene approach was used to identify genetic variants associated with anthocyanin content in grape berries. a total of 445 polymorphisms were identified in 5 genes encoding transcription factors and 10 genes involved in either the biosynthetic pathway or transport of anthocyanins. a total of 124 snps were selected to examine a ... | 2012 | 23029369 |
| total phenolic contents and free-radical scavenging activities of grape (vitis vinifera l.) and grape products. | grape is one of the world's largest fruit crops, with an approximate annual production of 58 million metric tons, and it is well known that the grape skins, seeds and stems, waste products generated during wine and grape juice processing, are rich sources of polyphenols. it contains flavonoids, phenolic acids and stilbenes. in this study, we tried to determine antioxidant properties and phenolic contents of grape and grape products (fresh fruit, seed, dried fruit, molasses, pestil, vinegar) of e ... | 2013 | 23025419 |
| large-scale characterization of promoters from grapevine (vitis spp.) using quantitative anthocyanin and gus assay systems. | successful implementation of cisgenic/intragenic/ingenic technology for crop improvement necessitates a better understanding of the function of native promoters for driving desired gene expression in host plant. although the genome of grapevine (vitis vinifera) has been determined, efforts to explore promoter resources for the development of cisgenics are still lacking. particularly, there is a shortage of constitutive promoters for marker and/or target gene expression in this species. in this w ... | 2012 | 23017908 |
| transcriptomic analysis of grape (vitis vinifera l.) leaves during and after recovery from heat stress. | grapes are a major fruit crop around the world. heat stress can significantly reduce grape yield and quality. changes at the molecular level in response to heat stress and subsequent recovery are poorly understood. to elucidate the effect of heat stress and subsequent recovery on expression of genes by grape leaves representing the classic heat stress response and thermotolerance mechanisms, transcript abundance of grape (vitis vinifera l.) leaves was quantified using the affymetrix grape genome ... | 2012 | 23016701 |
| large-scale parentage analysis in an extended set of grapevine cultivars (vitis vinifera l.). | inheritance of nuclear microsatellite markers (nssr) has been proved to be a powerful tool to verify or uncover the parentage of grapevine cultivars. the aim of the present study was to undertake an extended parentage analysis using a large sample of vitis vinifera cultivars held in the inra "domaine de vassal" grape germplasm repository (france). a dataset of 2,344 unique genotypes (i.e. cultivars without synonyms, clones or mutants) identified using 20 nssr was analysed with famoz software. pa ... | 2013 | 23015217 |
| natural stilbenoids: distribution in the plant kingdom and chemotaxonomic interest in vitaceae. | stilbenoids, a family of polyphenols known for the complexity of their structure and for their diverse biological activities, occur with a limited but heterogeneous distribution in the plant kingdom. the most prominent stilbene containing plant family, the vitaceae, represented by the famous wine producing grape vines vitis vinifera l., is one of the richest sources of novel stilbenes currently known, together with other families, such as dipterocarpaceae, gnetaceae and fabaceae. this review foc ... | 2012 | 23014926 |
| enhancement of viniferin production in vitis vinifera l. cv. alphonse lavallée cell suspensions by low-energy ultrasound alone and in combination with methyl jasmonate. | this study examined for the first time the effect of low-energy ultrasound (us), used alone or in combination with methyl jasmonate (meja), on viniferin production in cell cultures of vitis vinifera l. cv alphonse lavallée. cell suspensions were exposed for 2 min to us (power 30, 60, and 90 mw cm(-3)). the highest viniferin production was obtained at 30 mw cm(-3). when sonication was performed twice, the effect on viniferin production was negligible, whereas triple sonication slightly increased ... | 2012 | 23004353 |
| from rainfall to throughfall in a maritime vineyard. | this study deals with the characteristics of throughfall produced by vine (vitis vinifera l.) in one of the most common pedoclimatic conditions for grape production: a soil derived from marine sediments under a temperate mediterranean climate, and located rather close to the seacoast. to distinguish the contribution of the plant from that of the atmospheric deposition, the throughfall was collected for more than one year under real and artificial (plastic) vines; for the same period, also the bu ... | 2012 | 22995706 |
| tracing phenolic biosynthesis in vitis vinifera via in situ c-13 labeling and liquid chromatography-diode-array detector-mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer detection. | phenolic compounds in vitis vinifera contribute important flavor, functionality, and health qualities to both table and wine grapes. the plant phenolic metabolic pathway has been well characterized, however many important questions remain regarding the influence of environmental conditions on pathway regulation. as a diagnostic for this pathway's regulation, we present a technique to incorporate a stable-isotopic tracer, l-phenyl-(13)c(6)-alanine (phe(13)), into grape berries in situ and the acc ... | 2012 | 22986135 |
| comprehensive analysis of nac domain transcription factor gene family in vitis vinifera. | key message : genome-wide identification of grapevine nac domain genes and investigation of their chromosome locations, gene structures, duplication, evolution, phylogeny and expression profiles. grapevine is a widely used fruit crop. nac (nam, ataf1/2 and cuc2) domain genes are plant-specific transcription factors (tfs) that comprise a conserved nam domain in the n-terminus. members of this gene family have been reported to contribute to plant development. during this study, 74 nac genes were i ... | 2013 | 22983198 |
| floral, spicy and herbaceous active odorants in gran negro grapes from shoulders and tips into the cluster, and comparison with brancellao and mouratón varieties. | within the framework of a more and more competitive market, the opportunity to obtain different wines from the same variety cultivated in the same vineyard is becoming of increasing importance. in this study the presence of aroma compounds in gran negro (vitis vinifera l.) grapes was investigated in order to obtain its aroma potential fingerprint taking into consideration the separation of apical (tips) and basal (shoulders) berries of the clusters. in the final stages of maturation, differences ... | 2012 | 22980871 |
| three years monitoring survey of pesticide residues in sardinia wines following integrated pest management strategies. | this paper reports the results of a pesticide monitoring survey on wine grapes from the 2008-2010 vintage from vineyards grown according to integrated pest management strategies. a multi-residue gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method in electron ionization and chemical ionization mode has been used for the determination of 30 pesticides in wine samples. the analytical method showed good recoveries and allowed a good separation of the selected pesticides. repeatability and intermediate preci ... | 2013 | 22976121 |
| free and bound aroma compounds characterization by gc-ms of negroamaro wine as affected by soil management. | negroamaro is an autochthonous wine grape variety of southern italy, which is becoming very important for the italian wine market. the wine aroma is primary affected by the chemical composition of grapes, which can be influenced also by agronomic practices such as soil management. in this study, the free and bound aroma characterization was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses, and the influence of two soil managements (cover cropping and soil tillage) was evaluated. a tota ... | 2012 | 22972778 |
| structural, functional, and evolutionary analysis of the unusually large stilbene synthase gene family in grapevine. | stilbenes are a small family of phenylpropanoids produced in a number of unrelated plant species, including grapevine (vitis vinifera). in addition to their participation in defense mechanisms in plants, stilbenes, such as resveratrol, display important pharmacological properties and are postulated to be involved in the health benefits associated with a moderate consumption of red wine. stilbene synthases (stss), which catalyze the biosynthesis of the stilbene backbone, seem to have evolved from ... | 2012 | 22961129 |