Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| electrically assisted extraction of soluble matter from chardonnay grape skins for polyphenol recovery. | the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of pulsed electric field (pef) and high-voltage electrical discharges (hved) application on the efficiency of aqueous extraction of total soluble matter and polyphenols from grape skins ( vitis vinifera l.) at different temperatures within 20-60 degrees c. the highest level of polyphenol concentration c was reached after about 60 min of extraction for hved treatment: c(hved) = 21.4 +/- 0.8 micromol of gallic acid equivalent (gae)/g of dr ... | 2009 | 19173604 |
| generation of a predicted protein database from est data and application to itraq analyses in grape (vitis vinifera cv. cabernet sauvignon) berries at ripening initiation. | itraq is a proteomics technique that uses isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation of tryptic peptides. in proteomics experiments, the detection and high confidence annotation of proteins and the significance of corresponding expression differences can depend on the quality and the species specificity of the tryptic peptide map database used for analysis of the data. for species for which finished genome sequence data are not available, identification of proteins relies on similarity ... | 2009 | 19171055 |
| review of the pharmacological effects of vitis vinifera (grape) and its bioactive compounds. | vitis vinifera, known as the grapevine, is native to southern europe and western asia. grape seed and skin contain several active components including flavonoids, polyphenols, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, procyanidines, and the stilbene derivative resveratrol. grape seed extract in particular has been reported to possess a broad spectrum of pharmacological and therapeutic effects such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities, as well as having cardioprotective, hepat ... | 2009 | 19140172 |
| botryticides affect grapevine leaf photosynthesis without inducing defense mechanisms. | the effects of the two botryticides, fludioxonil (fdx) and fenhexamid (fhd), were investigated on grapevine leaves (vitis vinifera l. cv. pinot noir) following photosynthesis and defense mechanisms. treatments were carried out in vineyard at the end of flowering. phytotoxicity of both fungicides was evaluated by measuring variations of leaf photosynthetic parameters and correlated expression of photosynthesis-related genes. results demonstrated that similar decrease in photosynthesis was caused ... | 2009 | 19002490 |
| a grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) deoxy-d: -xylulose synthase gene colocates with a major quantitative trait loci for terpenol content. | linalool, geraniol, nerol, citronellol and alpha-terpineol are isoprenoid molecules responsible for specific aromas found in grapes and wines. total concentrations (free and bound forms) of these compounds were measured in the skins of mature berries during 2 successive years in two progenies obtained from muscat ottonel and gewurztraminer selfings. partial genetic maps based on microsatellite markers were constructed and several quantitative trait loci (qtls) related to terpenol content were de ... | 2009 | 19002427 |
| grape extract improves antioxidant status and physical performance in elite male athletes. | excessive physical exercise overproduces reactive oxygen species. even if elite sportsmen increase their antioxidant status by regular physical training, during the competition period, this improvement is not sufficient to limit free radical production which could be detrimental to the body. the aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, and crossover study on 20 elite sportsmen (handball = 10, basketball = 5, sprint = 4, and volleyball = 1) during the competition period was to de ... | 2009 | 24150013 |
| recent amplification and impact of mites on the genome of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). | miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (mites) are a particular type of defective class ii transposons present in genomes as highly homogeneous populations of small elements. their high copy number and close association to genes make their potential impact on gene evolution particularly relevant. here, we present a detailed analysis of the mite families directly related to grapevine "cut-and-paste" transposons. our results show that grapevine mites have transduplicated and amplified gen ... | 2009 | 20333179 |
| effects of elevated co2 on grapevine (vitis vinifera l.): volatile composition, phenolic content, and in vitro antioxidant activity of red wine. | the impact of elevated carbon dioxide concentration ([co2]) on the quality of berries, must, and red wine (with special reference to volatile composition, phenolic content, and antioxidant activity) made from touriga franca, a native grape variety of vitis vinifera l. for port and douro wine manufacturing grown in the demarcated region of douro, was investigated during 2005 and 2006. grapevines were grown either in open-top chambers (otc) with ambient (365 +/- 10 ppm) or elevated (500 +/-16 ppm) ... | 2009 | 19072054 |
| leucoanthocyanidin reductase and anthocyanidin reductase gene expression and activity in flowers, young berries and skins of vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet-sauvignon during development. | proanthocyanidins, or condensed tannins, are crucial polyphenolic compounds for grape and wine quality. recently, significant advances were achieved in understanding the biosynthesis of their main subunits: (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin, produced by catalysis of leucoanthocyanidin reductase (lar) and anthocyanidin reductase (anr), respectively. expression studies had been published but no data were available on enzyme activity. in our work, we devised assays to measure lar and anr activity an ... | 2009 | 19136268 |
| comparison of phenolic acids and flavan-3-ols during wine fermentation of grapes with different harvest times. | to explore the effects of harvest time on phenolic compounds during wine fermentation, grape berries (vitis vinifera l. cv. vidal) were harvested at 17.5, 22.8 and 37.2 masculine brix and were used to make dry wine, semi-sweet wine and icewine with low alcohol levels, respectively. phenolic acids and flavan-3-ols were assayed during the fermentation of wines by means of reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc). the results showed that concentrations of most of the phenolic ... | 2009 | 19255542 |
| preparative purification of antiamyloidogenic stilbenoids from vitis vinifera (chardonnay) stems by centrifugal partition chromatography. | five stilbenoids, e-resveratrol, e-piceatannol, (+) e-(epsilon)-viniferin, (+)-ampelopsin a and vitisin c were isolated from methyl tert-butyl ether (mtbe) stem extract of vitis vinifera (chardonnay cv). their purification on a preparative scale was obtained by centrifugal partition chromatography (cpc) using quaternary arizona solvent systems composed of n-heptane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water. we tested 23 arizona solvent systems to partition the extract and found that systems k and m (hept/eto ... | 2009 | 19249252 |
| vitisin a suppresses lps-induced no production by inhibiting erk, p38, and nf-kappab activation in raw 264.7 cells. | vitisin a, a resveratrol tetramer isolated from vitis vinifera roots, exhibits antioxidative, anticancer, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects. it also inhibits nitric oxide (no) production. here, we examined the mechanism by which vitisin a inhibits no production in lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced raw 264.7 macrophage cells. vitisin a dose dependently inhibited lps-induced no production and inducible no synthase (inos) expression. in contrast, the production of proinflammatory cytokine ... | 2009 | 19135555 |
| mitochondrial dna of vitis vinifera and the issue of rampant horizontal gene transfer. | the mitochondrial genome of grape (vitis vinifera), the largest organelle genome sequenced so far, is presented. the genome is 773,279 nt long and has the highest coding capacity among known angiosperm mitochondrial dnas (mtdnas). the proportion of promiscuous dna of plastid origin in the genome is also the largest ever reported for an angiosperm mtdna, both in absolute and relative terms. in all, 42.4% of chloroplast genome of vitis has been incorporated into its mitochondrial genome. in order ... | 2009 | 18922764 |
| flavonol 3-o-glycosides series of vitis vinifera cv. petit verdot red wine grapes. | petit verdot grape skins by solid-phase extraction using a combination of reverse-phase and ion-exchanging materials. this procedure allowed us to separate a fraction of anthocyanin-free flavonol 3-o-glycosides that was further split into neutral and acidic subfractions, thus facilitating flavonol identification. by means of semipreparative reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, we isolated several of these flavonol 3-o-glycosides for structural elucidation. the identification of ... | 2009 | 19061313 |
| ascorbate metabolism and the developmental demand for tartaric and oxalic acids in ripening grape berries. | fresh fruits are well accepted as a good source of the dietary antioxidant ascorbic acid (asc, vitamin c). however, fruits such as grapes do not accumulate exceptionally high quantities of asc. grapes, unlike most other cultivated fruits do however use asc as a precursor for the synthesis of both oxalic (oa) and tartaric acids (ta). ta is a commercially important product in the wine industry and due to its acidifying effect on crushed juice it can influence the organoleptic properties of the win ... | 2009 | 19995454 |
| vascular function in grape berries across development and its relevance to apparent hydraulic isolation. | during the latter stages of development in fleshy fruit, water flow through the xylem declines markedly and the requirements of transpiration and further expansion are fulfilled primarily by the phloem. we evaluated the hypothesis that cessation of water transport through the xylem results from disruption or occlusion of pedicel and berry xylem conduits (hydraulic isolation). xylem hydraulic resistance (r(h)) was measured in developing fruit of grape (vitis vinifera 'chardonnay') 20 to 100 d aft ... | 2009 | 19741048 |
| vitisnet: "omics" integration through grapevine molecular networks. | genomic data release for the grapevine has increased exponentially in the last five years. the vitis vinifera genome has been sequenced and vitis est, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic tools and data sets continue to be developed. the next critical challenge is to provide biological meaning to this tremendous amount of data by annotating genes and integrating them within their biological context. we have developed and validated a system of grapevine molecular networks (vitisnet). | 2009 | 20027228 |
| multicolored asian lady beetle (coleoptera: coccinellidae) activity and wine grape phenology: implications for pest management. | we determined the phenology of the multicolored asian lady beetle, harmonia axyridis (pallas), adults in relation to the phenology of wine grapes (frontenac and marechal foch) in minnesota and wisconsin vineyards to establish a management window for h. axyridis infestations in wine grapes. in addition, we also assessed the flight activity of h. axyridis in an agricultural landscape. the phenology of berry development and ripening was determined by recording berry size and sugar content of random ... | 2009 | 20021750 |
| new insights on the genetic basis of portuguese grapevine and on grapevine domestication. | as the ancestor of cultivated grape, vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris represents a unique, invaluable genetic resource for the improvement of cultivated grapevines. recently, five populations of wild grapevines were identified in portugal. sixty vines were characterized with 11 nuclear ssr markers and further compared with 70 genotypes of portuguese vitis vinifera subsp. sativa. the obtained data demonstrate moderate genetic differentiation between wild grapevine populations and moderate to high ... | 2009 | 19935927 |
| irrigation and rootstock effects on the phenolic concentration and aroma potential of vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon grapes. | compositional changes of skin and seed phenolic compounds and berry glycosylated aroma precursors were measured in vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon onto 1103p and so4 rootstocks, in three irrigation regimes (fi, 100% of evapotranspiration; di, 50% of evapotranspiration; and ni, non-irrigated). the study was conducted in a commercial vineyard of central greece, in a factorial experiment during two growing seasons (2005-2006). grape samples were obtained at commercial harvest. the deficit ... | 2009 | 19722708 |
| combining next-generation pyrosequencing with microarray for large scale expression analysis in non-model species. | the next generation sequencing technologies provide new options to characterize the transcriptome and to develop affordable tools for functional genomics. we describe here an innovative approach for this purpose and demonstrate its potential also for non-model species. | 2009 | 19930683 |
| [chemical composition of the virgin oil obtained by mechanical pressing form several grape seed varieties (vitis vinifera l.) with emphasis on minor constituents]. | the chemical composition of the virgin oils obtained by mechanical pressing of grape seed belonging of the varieties syrah and tintorera as well as a mixture of seeds of the varieties syrah, tempranillo and merlot was determined. official analytical methods were employed for the determination of two quality indexes (acidity and peroxide value), fatty acids profile and for the quantification of the most important minor constituents. the acidity and the peroxide values were in agreement with the v ... | 2009 | 19719020 |
| the integrated control concept and its relevance to current integrated pest management in california fresh market grapes. | the foundation of an integrated pest management program involves valid treatment thresholds, accurate and simple monitoring methods, effective natural controls, selective pesticides and trained individuals who can implement the concept. the integrated control concept written by stern, smith, van den bosch and hagen elucidated each of these points in an alfalfa ecosystem. alfalfa hay (medicago sativa l.) has a low per acre value, requires little hand labor and is primarily marketed in the usa. in ... | 2009 | 19731261 |
| gene loss under neighborhood selection following whole genome duplication and the reconstruction of the ancestral populus genome. | we develop criteria to detect neighborhood selection effects on gene loss following whole genome duplication, and apply them to the recently sequenced poplar (populus trichocarpa) genome. we improve on guided genome halving algorithms so that several thousand gene sets, each containing two paralogs in the descendant t of the doubling event and their single ortholog from an undoubled reference genome r, can be analyzed to reconstruct the ancestor a of t at the time of doubling. at the same time, ... | 2009 | 19507287 |
| vvco and vvcol1, two constans homologous genes, are regulated during flower induction and dormancy in grapevine buds. | two previously uncharacterized vitis vinifera constans-like genes (vvco, vvcol1), which are predicted to encode proteins with homology to members of the arabidopis constans family, were identified. under controlled conditions, both genes show a diurnal expression pattern with peak at dawn. during grapevine bud development, vvcol1 is mainly expressed in dormancy, suggesting a participation in the transcriptional photoperiod control of bud dormancy induction and maintenance in this species. on the ... | 2009 | 19495771 |
| the ubiquitin extension protein s27a is differentially expressed in developing flower organs of thompson seedless versus thompson seeded grape isogenic clones. | in vitis vinifera l. cv. thompson seedless, fertilization occurs but seeds abort, a type of stenospermocarpy. to clone transcripts with differential expression during flower development, suppressive subtractive hybridization was carried out using two isogenic clones 'thompson seedless' and 'thompson seeded', at three stages of inflorescence development (from bud break to ~20 days prior to anthesis). differential screening and sequencing of a forward and reverse subtractive cdna library yielded s ... | 2009 | 19479258 |
| high throughput approaches reveal splicing of primary microrna transcripts and tissue specific expression of mature micrornas in vitis vinifera. | micrornas are short (approximately 21 base) single stranded rnas that, in plants, are generally coded by specific genes and cleaved specifically from hairpin precursors. micrornas are critical for the regulation of multiple developmental, stress related and other physiological processes in plants. the recent annotation of the genome of the grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) allowed the identification of many putative conserved microrna precursors, grouped into multiple gene families. | 2009 | 19939267 |
| grape skins (vitis vinifera l.) catalyze the in vitro enzymatic hydroxylation of p-coumaric acid to caffeic acid. | the ability of grape skins to catalyze in vitro conversion of p-coumaric acid to the more potent antioxidant caffeic acid was studied. addition of different concentrations of p-coumaric to red grape skins (cabernet sauvignon) resulted in formation of caffeic acid. this caffeic acid formation (y) correlated positively and linearly to p-coumaric acid consumption (x): y = 0.5 x + 9.5; r (2) = 0.96, p < 0.0001. the kinetics of caffeic acid formation with time in response to initial p-coumaric acid l ... | 2009 | 19696970 |
| grape skin and seed proanthocyanidins from monastrell x syrah grapes. | in this study, the grape skin and seed proanthocyanidin profiles from monastrell x syrah grape (vitis vinifera l.) crosses were determined. concentration and compositional information in extracts was determined by reversed-phase hplc after acid-catalyzed cleavage in the presence of excess phloroglucinol. in general, the proanthocyanidin compositions of crosses were qualitatively similar to those of monastrell and syrah, but, quantitatively, differences were observed. consistent with transgressiv ... | 2009 | 19856914 |
| antioxidant properties of raisins (vitis vinifera l.). | currants and sultanas (vitis vinifera l., family vitaceae) are dried vine products produced in greece and used widely in the mediterranean diet. we investigated the polar methanol extracts from the raisins for the antiradical activity, polyphenol content, cytotoxicity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, total glutathione (gsh) levels, oxidized glutathione (gssg) levels, and inhibition of low-density lipoprotein (ldl) oxidation. extracts exhibited 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activ ... | 2009 | 20041785 |
| identification and expression of cytokinin signaling and meristem identity genes in sulfur deficient grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). | in plants, cytokinin (ck) perception and signaling pathway is composed by a histidine kinase receptor (hk) and a response regulator (rr), the signal being mediated by a histidine phosphotransfer (hpt), as described in arabidopsis, maize and rice. from database searches we identified in grapevine three hks, three hps, four a-type rrs and six b-type rrs, suggesting a common mechanism for grapevine. the phylogenetic analysis of these vitis genes showed a variable but high degree of homology with ar ... | 2009 | 20514227 |
| the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi amplified from grapevine roots (vitis vinifera l.) in oregon vineyards is seasonally stable and influenced by soil and vine age. | the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) in 10 oregon vineyards was assessed by examining spores in soil and amplifying mycorrhizal dna from roots. seventeen spore morphotypes were found in soil, including seven species in the acaulosporaceae. eighteen phylotypes were amplified from grape roots with am1 and ns31 primers, and clones were dominated by glomus spp. (> 99%). a few clones (< 1%) representing a single phylotype within gigasporaceae, and a single clone within archaeosporaceae ... | 2009 | 19750939 |
| quantitative prediction of cell wall polysaccharide composition in grape (vitis vinifera l.) and apple (malus domestica) skins from acid hydrolysis monosaccharide profiles. | on the basis of monosaccharide analysis after acid hydrolysis of fruit skin samples of three wine grape cultivars, vitis vinifera l. cabernet sauvignon, merlot, and shiraz, and of two types of apple, malus domestica red delicious and golden delicious, an iterative calculation method is reported for the quantitative allocation of plant cell wall monomers into relevant structural polysaccharide elements. by this method the relative molar distribution (mol %) of the different polysaccharides in the ... | 2009 | 19371033 |
| interactive effects of soil water deficit and air vapour pressure deficit on mesophyll conductance to co2 in vitis vinifera and olea europaea. | the present work aims to study the interactive effect of drought stress and high vapour pressure deficit (vpd) on leaf gas exchange, and especially on mesophyll conductance to co(2) (g(m)), in two woody species of great agronomical importance in the mediterranean basin: vitis vinifera l. cv. tempranillo and olea europaea l. cv. manzanilla. plants were grown in specially designed outdoor chambers with ambient and below ambient vpd, under both well-irrigated and drought conditions. g(m) was estima ... | 2009 | 19457982 |
| antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of tomato fruits synthesizing different amounts of stilbenes. | resveratrol, a plant phenolic compound, is found in grapes and red wine, but is not widely distributed in other common food sources. the pathway for resveratrol biosynthesis is well characterized. metabolic engineering of this compound has been achieved in tomato plants (lycopersicon esculentum mill.) in order to improve their nutritional value. tomato plants synthesizing resveratrol were obtained via the heterologous expression of a grape (vitis vinifera l.) cdna encoding for the enzyme stilben ... | 2009 | 19490505 |
| the grapevine r2r3-myb transcription factor vvmybf1 regulates flavonol synthesis in developing grape berries. | flavonols are important ultraviolet light protectants in many plants and contribute substantially to the quality and health-promoting effects of fruits and derived plant products. to study the regulation of flavonol synthesis in fruit, we isolated and characterized the grapevine (vitis vinifera 'shiraz') r2r3-myb transcription factor vvmybf1. transient reporter assays established vvmybf1 to be a specific activator of flavonol synthase1 (vvfls1) and several other promoters of grapevine and arabid ... | 2009 | 19741049 |
| genome-wide analysis of carica papaya reveals a small nbs resistance gene family. | the majority of plant disease resistance proteins identified to date belong to a limited number of structural classes, of which those containing nucleotide-binding site (nbs) motifs are the most common. this study provides a detailed analysis of the nbs-encoding genes of the fifth sequenced angiosperm, carica papaya. despite having a significantly larger genome than arabidopsis thaliana, papaya has fewer nbs genes. nevertheless, papaya maintains genes belonging to both toll/interleukin-1 recepto ... | 2009 | 19263082 |
| genome-wide analysis of mikcc-type mads box genes in grapevine. | mikc(c)-type mads box genes encode transcription factors that play crucial roles in plant growth and development. analysis of the grapevine (vitis vinifera) genome revealed up to 38 mikc(c)-type genes. we report here a complete analysis of this gene family regarding their phylogenetic relationships with homologous genes identified in other sequenced dicot genomes, their genome location, and gene structure and expression. the grapevine genes cluster in 13 subfamilies with their arabidopsis (arabi ... | 2009 | 18997115 |
| towards improved reconstruction of ancestral gene order in angiosperm phylogeny. | whole genome doubling (wgd), a frequent occurrence during the evolution of the angiosperms, complicates ancestral gene order reconstruction due to the multiplicity of solutions to the genome halving process. using the genome of a related species (the outgroup) to guide the halving of a wgd descendant attenuates this problem. we investigate a battery of techniques for further improvement, including an unbiased version of the guided genome halving algorithm, reference to two related genomes instea ... | 2009 | 19803735 |
| evaluation of dietary status with respect to trace element intake from dry fruits consumed in pakistan: a study using instrumental neutron activation analysis. | instrumental neutron activation analysis has been utilized for the quantification of 24 major, minor and trace elements in dried apricots (prunus armeniaca), dates (phoenix dectylifera), figs (ficus carica) and raisins (vitis vinifera) using a low-power reactor as the neutron source. the weekly intakes of aluminium, arsenic, boron, calcium, chlorine, cobalt, chromium, iron, mercury, potassium, sodium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, antimony, selenium and zinc have been calculated and compared ... | 2009 | 19306223 |
| protective effects of proanthocyanidins of grape (vitis vinifera l.) seeds on dna damage induced by doxorubicin in somatic cells of drosophila melanogaster. | proanthocyanidins (pas), also known as condensed tannins, are naturally occurring oligomers and polymers of flavan-3-ol monomer units widely found in the leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, nuts and barks of many plants. grape seed proanthocyanidins (gsps) have been used as nutritional supplements, as antioxidants, in preventing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, and for dislipidemy treatment. the anthracycline antibiotic adriamycin (doxorubicin, dxr) is a cancer chemotherapeutic agent tha ... | 2009 | 19341778 |
| a framework map from grapevine v3125 (vitis vinifera 'schiava grossa' x 'riesling') x rootstock cultivar 'börner' (vitis riparia x vitis cinerea) to localize genetic determinants of phylloxera root resistance. | grapevine rootstock cultivar 'börner' is a hybrid of vitis riparia and vitis cinerea arnold that shows high resistance to phylloxera (daktulosphaira vitifoliae fitch). to localize the determinants of phylloxera root resistance, the susceptible grapevine v3125 (vitis vinifera 'schiava grossa' x 'riesling') was crossed to 'börner'. genetic framework maps were built from the progeny. 235 microsatellite markers were placed on the integrated parental map. they cover 1,155.98 cm on 19 linkage groups w ... | 2009 | 19626311 |
| microcollinearity in an ethylene receptor coding gene region of the coffea canephora genome is extensively conserved with vitis vinifera and other distant dicotyledonous sequenced genomes. | coffea canephora, also called robusta, belongs to the rubiaceae, the fourth largest angiosperm family. this diploid species (2x = 2n = 22) has a fairly small genome size of approximately 690 mb and despite its extreme economic importance, particularly for developing countries, knowledge on the genome composition, structure and evolution remain very limited. here, we report the 160 kb of the first c. canephora bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clone ever sequenced and its fine analysis. | 2009 | 19243618 |
| first description of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 5 in argentina and partial genome sequence. | an accession of vitis vinifera cv. red globe from argentina, was found to be infected with grapevine leafroll-associated virus-5 by elisa. it was partially sequenced, and three orfs, corresponding to hsp70h, hsp90h, and cp, were found. this isolate shares a high aminoacid identity with the previously reported sequence of the virus, and identities between 80% and 90% with previously reported glrav-9 and glrav-4 isolates. the analysis of the sequence supports the clustering together with glrav-4 a ... | 2009 | 18953643 |
| early discrimination of fungal species responsible of ochratoxin a contamination of wine and other grape products using an electronic nose. | an electronic nose (e-nose) system using an array of metal oxide sensors (fox 3000, alpha mos) was used to detect and discriminate two ochratoxigenic fungal species, aspergillus carbonarius (bain.) thom and a. niger van tieghem, that are responsible for the contamination of wine and other wine grape products, using their volatile production patterns. two well-known ochratoxigenic strains were used in this study: a. carbonarius a941 and a. niger a75. these strains were grown on three culture medi ... | 2009 | 23605147 |
| ectopic expression of vvmybpa2 promotes proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in grapevine and suggests additional targets in the pathway. | grapevine (vitis vinifera) proanthocyanidins contribute to plant defense mechanisms against biotic stress and also play a critical role in organoleptic properties of wine. in grapevine berry, these compounds are mainly accumulated in exocarps and seeds in the very early stages of development. a previous study has already identified vvmybpa1 as the first transcription factor involved in the regulation of the proanthocyanidin pathway during seed development in grapevine. a novel myb factor, vvmybp ... | 2009 | 19098092 |
| chemical and spectroscopic characteristics of the wood of vitis vinifera cv. sangiovese affected by esca disease. | chemical and spectroscopic analyses ((13)c cross-polarization-magic angle spinning nmr and attenuated total reflection fourier transform infrared spectroscopies) were carried out on the wood of vitis vinifera cv. sangiovese with brown-red discoloration and black streaks caused by esca disease. the analyses of the brown-red wood revealed the destruction of hemicelluloses and noncrystalline cellulose as well as modifications in the pectic and ligninic wood fractions. the pectic fraction consisted ... | 2009 | 19919033 |
| quantitative genetic bases of anthocyanin variation in grape (vitis vinifera l. ssp. sativa) berry: a quantitative trait locus to quantitative trait nucleotide integrated study. | the combination of qtl mapping studies of synthetic lines and association mapping studies of natural diversity represents an opportunity to throw light on the genetically based variation of quantitative traits. with the positional information provided through quantitative trait locus (qtl) mapping, which often leads to wide intervals encompassing numerous genes, it is now feasible to directly target candidate genes that are likely to be responsible for the observed variation in completely sequen ... | 2009 | 19720862 |
| characterization of an antifungal and cryoprotective class i chitinase from table grape berries (vitis vinifera cv. cardinal). | gene expression of a class i chitinase (vcchit1b) in the skin of table grapes was analyzed as a molecular marker for changes induced at low temperature and also to study the effect of high co(2) levels modulating transcript levels at 0 degrees c. an active recombinant vcchit1b was overexpressed in escherichia coli, and as the protein was produced as insoluble inclusion bodies, it was solubilized and refolded. the purified recombinant chitinase showed an optimum ph of 6.0 and a temperature of 50 ... | 2009 | 19769368 |
| deep sequencing of viroid-derived small rnas from grapevine provides new insights on the role of rna silencing in plant-viroid interaction. | viroids are circular, highly structured, non-protein-coding rnas that, usurping cellular enzymes and escaping host defense mechanisms, are able to replicate and move through infected plants. similarly to viruses, viroid infections are associated with the accumulation of viroid-derived 21-24 nt small rnas (vd-srnas) with the typical features of the small interfering rnas characteristic of rna silencing, a sequence-specific mechanism involved in defense against invading nucleic acids and in regula ... | 2009 | 19890399 |
| fatty acid profile and in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of red grape (vitis vinifera l. cvs. oküzgözü and boğazkere) marc extracts. | the marcs of two red grape (v. vinifera l.) varieties (boğazkere and oküzgözü), grown in eastern anatolia (elazig), were evaluated for their fatty acid composition, and antioxidant and antibacterial activities. the hexane extracts of both varieties were found to contain linoleic, palmitic, stearic and oleic acids by gc-ms analyses. the major fatty acid (linoleic acid) was detected relatively as 57.13% in oküzgözü and 59.07% in bogazkere in methylated hexane extracts. in addition, myristic and pa ... | 2009 | 19413121 |
| the signaling mucins msb2 and hkr1 differentially regulate the filamentation mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and contribute to a multimodal response. | a central question in the area of signal transduction is why pathways utilize common components. in the budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, the hog and filamentous growth (fg) mapk pathways require overlapping components but are thought to be induced by different stimuli and specify distinct outputs. to better understand the regulation of the fg pathway, we examined fg in one of yeast's native environments, the grape-producing plant vitis vinifera. in this setting, different aspects of fg we ... | 2009 | 19439450 |
| the efficacy of ankaferd blood stopper in antithrombotic drug-induced primary and secondary hemostatic abnormalities of a rat-bleeding model. | ankaferd comprises a standardized mixture of plants thymus vulgaris, glycyrrhiza glabra, vitis vinifera, alpinia officinarum and urtica dioica. ankaferd blood stopper (abs) as a medicinal product has been approved in the management of external hemorrhage and dental surgery bleedings in turkey. this study aimed to evaluate the in-vivo hemostatic effect of abs in rats pretreated with acetylsalicylic acid or enoxaparin. wistar rats (210-270 g) of both sexes were used in this study. the animals were ... | 2009 | 19657315 |
| a novel cation-dependent o-methyltransferase involved in anthocyanin methylation in grapevine. | anthocyanins are major pigments in colored grape (vitis vinifera) berries, and most of them are monomethoxylated or dimethoxylated. we report here the functional characterization of an anthocyanin o-methyltransferase (aomt) from grapevine. the expression pattern in two cultivars with different anthocyanin methylation profiles (syrah and nebbiolo) showed a peak at start ripening (véraison), when the concentrations of all methylated anthocyanins begin to increase. the purified recombinant aomt pro ... | 2009 | 19525322 |
| genetic diversity of grapevine accessions from iran, russia and usa using microsatellite markers. | to discover marker information content and differentiation among grapevine accessions from iran, usa and russia, nine microsatellite markers were used. a total of 75 alleles were detected, giving a mean of 8.3 alleles per 9 loci. the total number of alleles per locus varied between 6 to 11 and the polymorphism information content ranged from 0.65 to 0.88, indicating that these loci were highly informative. a positive correlation (r = 0.870) was observed between the number of alleles and the leve ... | 2009 | 19579936 |
| characterization of vitis vinifera npr1 homologs involved in the regulation of pathogenesis-related gene expression. | grapevine protection against diseases needs alternative strategies to the use of phytochemicals, implying a thorough knowledge of innate defense mechanisms. however, signalling pathways and regulatory elements leading to induction of defense responses have yet to be characterized in this species. in order to study defense response signalling to pathogens in vitis vinifera, we took advantage of its recently completed genome sequence to characterize two putative orthologs of npr1, a key player in ... | 2009 | 19432948 |
| the effects of pierce's disease on leaf and petiole hydraulic conductance in vitis vinifera cv. chardonnay. | in this study, we test the hypothesis that the symptoms of pierce's disease (pd) result from the occlusion of xylem conduits by the bacteria xylella fastidiosa (xf ). four treatments were imposed on greenhouse-grown vitis vinifera cv. chardonnay: well-watered and deficit-irrigated plants with and without petiole inoculation with xf. the hydraulic conductance of the stem-petiole junction (k(jun)) and leaves (k(leaf)) were measured, and xf concentrations were established by quantitative polymerase ... | 2009 | 19470095 |
| streptomyces thinghirensis sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of vitis vinifera. | a novel actinomycete, strain s10(t), was isolated from rhizosphere soil of wild vitis vinifera in thinghir, ouarzazate province, southern morocco. the taxonomic status of this strain was established using a polyphasic approach. strain s10(t) had white-grey aerial mycelium with long, spiral spore chains bearing smooth surfaced spores and produced a yellow diffusible pigment. chemotaxonomic analyses showed that the cell wall of strain s10(t) contained ll-diaminopimelic acid and glycine. phylogenet ... | 2009 | 19643894 |
| grape extract protects mitochondria from oxidative damage and improves locomotor dysfunction and extends lifespan in a drosophila parkinson's disease model. | a botanical extract (regrapex-r) prepared from whole grape (vitis vinifera) and polygonum cuspidatum, which contains polyphenols, including flavans, anthocyanins, emodin, and resveratrol, exhibited dose-dependent scavenging effects on reactive oxygen species (ros). the extract inhibited increases of ros and protein carbonyl in isolated rat liver mitochondria following exposure to 2,2'-azobis (2-amidino propane) dihydrocholoride (aaph), a potent lipid oxidant generator. the antioxidant effects of ... | 2009 | 19929256 |
| [bioinformatic search of plant protein kinases, participating in microtubule protein phosphorylation and cell division regulation]. | bioinformatic search of plant homologues of human protein kinases slk, pak6, pak7, mark1, mast2, ttbk1, ttbk2, aurka, plk1, plk2 and pask participating in microtubular protein phosphorylation and cell division regulation is carried out. the homologues of protein kinases slk, mast2 and aurka were identified. it is found that closest homologue of human aurka protein kinase is a protein with unknown function a7py12_vitvi (stalk--serine-threonine aurora-like kinase) from grape (vitis vinifera). reco ... | 2009 | 19938639 |
| induction of defence mechanisms in grapevine leaves by emodin- and anthraquinone-rich plant extracts and their conferred resistance to downy mildew. | the ability of two plant extracts, rheum palmatum root extract (rpre) and frangula alnus bark extract (fabe), to protect vitis vinifera leaves from plasmopara viticola infection was evaluated. these natural products are toxic to the pathogen and induce defence reactions in a susceptible cultivar of v. vinifera (v. vinifera cv. chasselas), including stilbenic phytoalexin accumulation, enhanced peroxidase (ec 1.11.1.7) activity, and a hypersensitive reaction. inhibition of the first stage of biotr ... | 2009 | 19447634 |
| gene expression profiling in susceptible interaction of grapevine with its fungal pathogen eutypa lata: extending mapman ontology for grapevine. | whole genome transcriptomics analysis is a very powerful approach because it gives an overview of the activity of genes in certain cells or tissue types. however, biological interpretation of such results can be rather tedious. mapman is a software tool that displays large datasets (e.g. gene expression data) onto diagrams of metabolic pathways or other processes and thus enables easier interpretation of results. the grapevine (vitis vinifera) genome sequence has recently become available bringi ... | 2009 | 19656401 |
| inhibition of local effects of indian daboia/vipera russelli venom by the methanolic extract of grape (vitis vinifera l.) seeds. | although anti-venom therapy is available for the treatment of fatal bite by snakes, it offers less or no protection against the local effects such as dermo- and myonecrosis, edema, hemorrhage and inflammation at the bitten region. the viper species are known for their violent local effects and such effects have been commonly treated with plant extracts without any scientific validation in rural india. in this investigation, the methanolic extract of grapes (vitis vinifera l.) seed was studied ag ... | 2009 | 19517992 |
| structure and epimerase activity of anthocyanidin reductase from vitis vinifera. | together with leucoanthocyanidin reductase, anthocyanidin reductase (anr) is one of the two enzymes of the flavonoid-biosynthesis pathway that produces the flavan-3-ol monomers required for the formation of proanthocyanidins or condensed tannins. it has been shown to catalyse the double reduction of anthocyanidins to form 2r,3r-flavan-3-ols, which can be further transformed to the 2s,3r isomers by non-enzymatic epimerization. anr from grape (vitis vinifera) was expressed in escherichia coli and ... | 2009 | 19690377 |
| grapevine mate-type proteins act as vacuolar h+-dependent acylated anthocyanin transporters. | in grapevine (vitis vinifera), anthocyanins are responsible for most of the red, blue, and purple pigmentation found in the skin of berries. in cells, anthocyanins are synthesized in the cytoplasm and accumulated into the vacuole. however, little is known about the transport of these compounds through the tonoplast. recently, the sequencing of the grapevine genome allowed us to identify genes encoding proteins with high sequence similarity to the multidrug and toxic extrusion (mate) family. amon ... | 2009 | 19297587 |
| galloylated polyphenols efficiently reduce alpha-tocopherol radicals in a phospholipid model system composed of sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) micelles. | the ability of several polyphenolic fractions from grape ( vitis vinifera ) pomace, pine ( pinus pinaster ) bark, and witch hazel ( hammamelis virginiana ) bark to repair alpha-tocopherol (alpha-toh) through reduction of the alpha-tocopheroxyl radical was investigated in a homogeneous hexane system and a phospholipid-like system based on sds micelles. these natural polyphenols were compared with pure related phenolics (epicatechin, gallic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, and rutin) and ... | 2009 | 19422241 |
| water deficit alters differentially metabolic pathways affecting important flavor and quality traits in grape berries of cabernet sauvignon and chardonnay. | water deficit has significant effects on grape berry composition resulting in improved wine quality by the enhancement of color, flavors, or aromas. while some pathways or enzymes affected by water deficit have been identified, little is known about the global effects of water deficit on grape berry metabolism. | 2009 | 19426499 |
| bioactivity of grape chemicals for human health. | grapevine (vitis vinifera) products, grape and grape juice, represent a valuable source of bioactive phytochemicals, synthesized by three secondary metabolic pathways (phenylpropanoid, isoprenoid and alkaloid biosynthetic routes) and stored in different plant tissues. in the last decades, compelling evidence suggested that regular consumption of these products may contribute to reducing the incidence of chronic illnesses, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, ischemic stroke, neurodegenerativ ... | 2009 | 19445314 |
| in vivo hemostatic effect of the medicinal plant extract ankaferd blood stopper in rats pretreated with warfarin. | ankaferd comprises a mixture of thymus vulgaris, glycyrrhiza glabra, vitis vinifera, alpinia officinarum and urtica dioica. ankaferd blood stopper (abs) has been approved in the management of bleedings. this study aimed to evaluate in vivo hemostatic effect of abs in rats pretreated with warfarin. | 2009 | 19117967 |
| genome diversity and intra- and interspecies recombination events in grapevine fanleaf virus. | abstract grapevine fanleaf virus (gflv) was documented in self-rooted vines of four grapevine (vitis vinifera) cultivars in eastern washington. gflv was found as mixed infection in cvs. pinot noir, chardonnay, and cabernet franc and as single infections in cv. merlot. fanleaf disease symptoms were only observed in the first two cultivars. the spatial distribution of gflv-infected grapevines was random, suggesting primary spread through planting virus-infected cuttings rather than infield transmi ... | 2009 | 19900006 |
| endophytic bacterial diversity in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) leaves described by 16s rrna gene sequence analysis and length heterogeneity-pcr. | diversity of bacterial endophytes associated with grapevine leaf tissues was analyzed by cultivation and cultivation-independent methods. in order to identify bacterial endophytes directly from metagenome, a protocol for bacteria enrichment and dna extraction was optimized. sequence analysis of 16s rrna gene libraries underscored five diverse operational taxonomic units (otus), showing best sequence matches with gamma-proteobacteria, family enterobacteriaceae, with a dominance of the genus panto ... | 2009 | 19763412 |
| chitosan treatment induces changes of protein expression profile and stilbene distribution in vitis vinifera cell suspensions. | polyphenols, including stilbenes and flavonoids, are an essential part of human diet and constitute one of the most abundant and ubiquitous groups of plant secondary metabolites, and their level is inducible by stress, fungal attack or biotic and abiotic elicitors. proteomic analysis of vitis vinifera (l.) cultivar (cv.) barbera grape cell suspensions, showed that the amount of 73 proteins consistently changed in 50 microg/ml chitosan-treated samples compared with controls, or between the two co ... | 2009 | 19132683 |
| bioassay-guided isolation of antiproliferative compounds from grape (vitis vinifera) stems. | the fractionation, guided by cell-growth inhibition assay, of the etoac crude extract from grape stems of the sicilian vitis vinifera variety 'nerello mascalese' allowed identification often constituents, isolated either as pure compounds (1, 3-5, 7-10) or inseparable mixtures (2a-d and 6a-e). the pure constituents were: two triterpenoid acids, oleanolic (1) and betulinic acids (5); daucosterol (7); a stilbenoid, e-resveratrol (3) and its dimer e-epsilon-viniferin (4); the simple phenol gallic a ... | 2009 | 19370870 |
| 'bois noir' phytoplasma induces significant reprogramming of the leaf transcriptome in the field grown grapevine. | phytoplasmas are bacteria without cell walls from the class mollicutes. they are obligate intracellular plant pathogens which cause diseases in hundreds of economically important plants including the grapevine (vitis vinifera). knowledge of their biology and the mechanisms of their interactions with hosts is largely unknown because they are uncultivable and experimentally inaccessible in their hosts. we detail here the global transcriptional profiling in grapevine responses to phytoplasmas. the ... | 2009 | 19799775 |
| genetic dissection of sex determinism, inflorescence morphology and downy mildew resistance in grapevine. | a genetic linkage map of grapevine was constructed using a pseudo-testcross strategy based upon 138 individuals derived from a cross of vitis vinifera cabernet sauvignon x vitis riparia gloire de montpellier. a total of 212 dna markers including 199 single sequence repeats (ssrs), 11 single strand conformation polymorphisms (sscps) and two morphological markers were mapped onto 19 linkage groups (lg) which covered 1,249 cm with an average of 6.7 cm between markers. the position of ssr loci in th ... | 2009 | 19238349 |
| a new specific bace-1 inhibitor from the stembark extract of vitis vinifera. | a new resveratrol dimer, (+)-vitisinol e (1) which demonstrated inhibitory activity on bace-1 (beta-site app-cleaving enzyme 1) in vitro, was isolated from the stembark extract of vitis vinifera (vitaceae) together with four known resveratrol oligomers, (+)-epsilon-viniferin (2), (+)-ampelopsin a (3), (+)-vitisin a (4) and (-)-vitisin b (5). the chemical structure of 1 was established by mr spectroscopic analyses, including hmbc. all isolated resveratrol derivatives (1-5) demonstrated significan ... | 2009 | 19184970 |
| resveratrol exhibits a strong cytotoxic activity in cultured cells and has an antiviral action against polyomavirus: potential clinical use. | resveratrol is a non flavonoid polyphenol compound present in many plants and fruits and, at especially high concentrations, in the grape berries of vitis vinifera. this compound has a strong bioactivity and its cytoprotective action has been demonstrated, however at high concentrations the drug exhibits also an effective anti-proliferative action. we recently showed its ability to abolish the effects of oxidative stress in cultured cells. in this work we assayed the bioactivity of resveratrol a ... | 2009 | 19570215 |
| evidence of a sirtuin gene family in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). | sirtuins are known as regulators of age-dependent gene transcription and chromatin modification in yeast and in animals, but information about their occurrence and role in plants is scarce. sirtuin-like sequences were amplified using two highly degenerate primers designed comparing sirtuin sequences of seven different plant species, and characterised at the sequence level in vitis vinifera l. cv. barbera clone r4. the data were confirmed and analysed by searching the published database from two ... | 2009 | 19307133 |
| simultaneous determination of polyphenolic compounds in red and white grapes grown in sardinia by high performance liquid chromatography-electron spray ionisation-mass spectrometry. | a new method for the identification and the quantification of nonanthocyanin phenolic compounds from six vitis vinifera grape varieties native to sardinia (three native: vermentino, malvasia and cannonau and three non-native types: chardonnay, sauvignon and cabernet sauvignon; argiolas vineyard) was developed. this rapid and selective method employs lc/esi-ms in negative mode. different solvents extraction and different sorbents for purification were compared to the direct analysis of the initia ... | 2009 | 19249789 |
| overexpression of a grapevine r2r3-myb factor in tomato affects vegetative development, flower morphology and flavonoid and terpenoid metabolism. | although the terpenoid pathway constitutes, with the phenylpropanoid metabolism, the major pathway of secondary metabolism in plants, little is known about its regulation. overexpression of a vitis vinifera r2r3-myb transcription factor (vvmyb5b) in tomato induced pleiotropic changes including dwarfism, modified leaf structure, alterations of floral morphology, pigmented and glossy fruits at the "green-mature" stage and impaired seed germination. two main branches of secondary metabolism, which ... | 2009 | 19375343 |
| grape seed extract acting on astrocytes reveals neuronal protection against oxidative stress via interleukin-6-mediated mechanisms. | grape polyphenols are known to protect neurons against oxidative stress. we used grape seed extract (gse) from "koshu" grapes (vitis vinifera) containing a variety of polyphenols, and performed transcriptome analysis to determine the effects of gse on primary cultures of astrocytes in the hippocampus. gse upregulated various mrnas for cytokines, among which interleukin-6 (il-6) showed the biggest increase after treatment with gse. the gse-evoked increase in il-6 mrnas was confirmed by quantitati ... | 2009 | 19381798 |
| study of the phenotypic and genotypic biodiversity of potentially ochratoxigenic black aspergilli isolated from grapes. | ochratoxin a (ota) is a mycotoxin with nephrotoxic, carcinogenic, teratogenic and immunotoxic effects, naturally found in agricultural products including grapes and wine. black aspergillus species (section nigri) are mainly responsible for ota accumulation in wine grapes and in particular aspergillus carbonarius and aspergillus niger aggregate. the biodiversity of potentially ochratoxigenic strains of black aspergilli from different french vineyards in the southern mediterranean region of langue ... | 2009 | 19386377 |
| factors influencing outcome of vitis vinifera (grapes, raisins, currants and sultanas) intoxication in dogs. | 2009 | 19346542 | |
| antilisterial activities of polyphenol-rich extracts of grapes and vinification byproducts. | the quantitation of the main polyphenols and the assessment of the total polyphenolic content (tpc) in polyphenol-rich extracts of grape berries and vinification byproducts, obtained from vitis vinifera cultivars of the greek islands, are presented. the results indicated that seed extracts contain high concentrations of flavan-3-ols and their derivatives, whereas pomace and stem extracts consist of significant amounts of flavonoids, stilbenes, and phenolic acids. in particular, stemsa scarcely s ... | 2009 | 19105651 |
| grape seed extract vitis vinifera protects against radiation-induced oxidative damage and metabolic disorders in rats. | whole body exposure to ionizing radiation induces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ros) in different tissues provoking oxidative damage, organ dysfunction and metabolic disturbances. the present study was designed to determine the possible protective effect of grape seed extract (gse), rich in proanthocyanidins against gamma-radiation-induced oxidative stress in heart and pancreas tissues associated with serum metabolic disturbances. irradiated rats were whole body exposed to 5 gy gamma ... | 2009 | 19003940 |
| ochratoxigenic aspergillus species on grapes from chilean vineyards and aspergillus threshold levels on grapes. | this study reports the incidence of ochratoxigenic strains of aspergillus on chilean grapes (vitis vinifera) and wineries, and production of ota levels in wines with grapes having different levels of contamination with ota-producing aspergillus carbonarius was studied. a. carbonarius, a. niger, a. niveus, a. paradoxus, a. versicolor, a. wentii, and a. westerdijkiae were identified on apparently healthy clusters of red and white grape cultivars. however, a. carbonarius and a. niger were the most ... | 2009 | 19464066 |
| identification and localization of the bilitranslocase homologue in white grape berries (vitis vinifera l.) during ripening. | a homologue of the mammalian bilirubin transporter bilitranslocase (btl) (tcdb 2.a.65.1.1), able to perform an apparent secondary active transport of flavonoids, has previously been found in carnation petals and red grape berries. in the present work, a btl homologue was also shown in white berries from vitis vinifera l. cv. tocai/friulano, using anti-sequence antibodies specific for rat liver btl. this transporter, similarly to what found in red grape, was localized in the first layers of the e ... | 2009 | 19596699 |
| effects of resveratrol analogs on cell cycle progression, cell cycle associated proteins and 5fluoro-uracil sensitivity in human derived colon cancer cells. | epidemiological studies suggested that trans-resveratrol, a wine grape component, could prevent malignant tumor development. this compound also demonstrated cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on tumor cells in vitro. to obtain trans-resveratrol derivatives with a better cellular uptake and enhanced antiproliferative effects, we synthesized a triacetate derivative as well as an oligomer, epsilon-viniferin and its acetylated form, epsilon-viniferin penta-acetate. we also obtained vineatrol, a wine g ... | 2009 | 19334045 |
| elaboration of a reliable strategy based on real-time pcr to characterize genetically modified plantlets and to evaluate the efficiency of a marker gene removal in grape (vitis spp.). | we have developed an effective strategy based on real-time pcr assay for the molecular characterization of genetically modified grape and to quantify the efficiency of a marker gene removal. this research has been implemented in vitis vinifera cv. brachetto plantlets where exogenes were inserted during cocultures of embryogenic calli with agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying the chemically inducible site-specific cre/loxp px6 vector where the expression of the cre recombinase is regulated by 17-be ... | 2009 | 19265380 |
| performance of several models for predicting budburst date of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). | the budburst stage is a key phenological stage for grapevine (vitis vinifera l.), with large site and cultivar variability. the objective of the present work was to provide a reliable agro-meteorological model for simulating grapevine budburst occurrence all over france. the study was conducted using data from ten cultivars of grapevine (cabernet sauvignon, chasselas, chardonnay, grenache, merlot, pinot noir, riesling, sauvignon, syrah, ugni blanc) and five locations (bordeaux, colmar, angers, m ... | 2009 | 19280231 |
| up-regulated transcripts in a compatible powdery mildew-grapevine interaction. | powdery mildews (erysiphales) are obligate biotrophic pathogens that invade susceptible plant cells without triggering cell death. this suggests a highly adept mechanism of parasitism which enables powdery mildews to avoid detection or evade defenses by their host. to better understand this plant-pathogen interaction, we employed suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh), differential hybridization and quantitative real-time (qrt) pcr for the identification of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) gen ... | 2009 | 19362490 |
| purification and characterization of an anticalcifying protein from the seeds of trachyspermum ammi (l.). | till date various plants extract have been studied to reduce the incidence of urolithiasis but the identification of naturally occurring calcium oxalate (caox) inhibitory biomolecules from plants was hampered in past by limitation in identification method. the present study is aimed at examining the efficacy of trachyspermum ammi on caox crystallization in vitro and further by combining conventional biochemical methods with recent advances in mass spectrometry, a novel calcium oxalate (caox) cry ... | 2009 | 19200041 |
| a family 19 chitinase (chit30) from streptomyces olivaceoviridis atcc 11238 expressed in transgenic pea affects the development of t. harzianum in vitro. | embryo axes excised from mature seeds of pea (pisum sativum l.) cv. 'sponsor' were used as explants for agrobacterium-mediated transformation using pgreenii 0229 binary vectors. the vectors harbored a chimeric chitinase gene (chit30), driven by the constitutive 35s promoter or the elicitor inducible stilbene synthase (vst) promoter from grape (vitis vinifera l.). the secretion signal of the bacterial chitinase gene from streptomyces olivaceoviridis atcc 11238 (dsm 41433) was replaced by the a. t ... | 2009 | 19699767 |
| cardioprotective potential of myricetin in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in wistar rats. | the study aimed to evaluate the protective role of myricetin obtained from vitis vinifera (vitaceae) on heart rate, electrocardiographic (ecg) patterns, vascular reactivity to catecholamines, cardiac marker enzymes, antioxidant enzymes together with morphological and histopathological changes in isoproterenol (iso) induced myocardial infarction (mi) in male wistar rats. rats treated with isoproterenol (85 mg/kg, administered subcutaneously twice at an interval of 24 h) showed a significant incre ... | 2009 | 19306480 |
| aspergillus section nigri species isolated from different wine-grape growing regions in argentina. | vineyards located in eight grape growing regions of argentina during the harvest season 2006/07 were evaluated. the aims of this study were to determine the incidence of aspergillus section nigri, their ability to produce ochratoxin a (ota) and to evaluate the ota natural occurrence in grapes. bunches of grapes at maturation stage were collected, and grapes (50 per sample) were plated on petri dishes containing dichloran-glycerol 18% agar (dg18) and dichloran-rose bengal-chloramphenicol agar (dr ... | 2009 | 19732988 |
| [bioinformatic search for plant homologs of ste20-like serine/threonine protein kinases]. | eleven plant homologs of animal and yeast ste20-like protein kinases were identified. it was shown that the nearest plant homologs of the ste20-like protein kinases are the unknown proteins a9rvk0 from physcomitrella patens ssp. patens and a7p2e2 from vitis vinifera. cladistic analysis showed a protein kinase dstl from dictyostelium discoideum as the closest protein to the newly found plant homologs. a predicted spatial structure of the a9rvk0 from p. patens ssp. patens catalytic domain is prese ... | 2009 | 20458979 |
| phenolic compound profiles in berry skins from nine red wine grape cultivars in northwest china. | phenolic compound profiles were investigated by hplc-ms in two consecutive years to assess genotypic variation in berry skins of nine red vitis vinifera cultivars. the results showed that the types and levels of phenolic compounds greatly varied with cultivar. common wine grape cultivars such as syrah, cabernet sauvignon, cabernet gernischt and merlot contained more types of anthocyanins, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, stilbenes and phenolic acids than gamay, yan73, pinot noir, zinfandel and muskat ro ... | 2009 | 20032869 |
| important phytopathogenic airborne fungal spores in a rural area: incidence of botrytis cinerea and oidium spp. | the effects of the climatic changes more and more frequently, favour the emergence and the development of plant diseases. botrytis cinerea and oidium spp. spores are often responsible for enormous productivity losses in cultures with high commercial interests such as the grapevine. this work aims to detect these airborne spores, before the emergence of lesions in vitis vinifera. in the rural area of amares, the seasonal distribution of the concentration of the 2 spore types, was continuously stu ... | 2009 | 20047251 |
| the powdery mildew resistance gene ren1 co-segregates with an nbs-lrr gene cluster in two central asian grapevines. | grape powdery mildew is caused by the north american native pathogen erysiphe necator. eurasian vitis vinifera varieties were all believed to be susceptible. ren1 is the first resistance gene naturally found in cultivated plants of vitis vinifera. | 2009 | 20042081 |
| nmr metabolic fingerprinting based identification of grapevine metabolites associated with downy mildew resistance. | grapevine (vitis vinifera ssp. vinifera l.) and grapes have been extensively studied due to their numerous nutritional benefits and health affecting activities. in this study, metabolite fingerprinting of crude leaf extracts, based on (1)h nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy and multivariate data analyses, has been used for the metabolic characterization of six different grapevine cultivars including downy and powdery mildew resistant 'regent' and susceptible 'lemberger' among others. ... | 2009 | 19785416 |