Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| flavonol profiles in berries of wild vitis accessions using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. | the flavonol profiles of grape berry skins were analysed in order to assess phenotypic variation between six grapevines belonging to six different species: vitis vinifera, vitiscandicans, vitischampinii, vitisamurensis, vitiscinerea and vitisdoaniana. high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (lc-ms) and nmr spectrometry (lc-nmr) were used to separate and identify the flavonols present in these species. the combination of lc-ms and lc-nmr data resulted in the identifica ... | 2015 | 25236197 |
| variability in chemical composition of vitis vinifera cv mencía from different geographic areas and vintages in ribeira sacra (nw spain). | a chemical study was conducted from 2009 to 2012 to examine spatial and seasonal variability of red vitis vinifera mencía located in different geographic areas (amandi, chantada, quiroga-bibei, ribeiras do sil and ribeiras do miño) from nw spain. mencía samples were analysed for phenolic, (flavan-3-ols, flavonols, anthocyanins, acids and resveratrol), nitrogen (tac, tan, yan and tas) and volatiles compounds (alcohols, c6 compounds, ethyl esters, terpenes, aldehydes, acids, lactones, volatile phe ... | 2015 | 25236215 |
| domain analysis of 3 keto acyl-coa synthase for structural variations in vitis vinifera and oryza brachyantha using comparative modelling. | the long chain fatty acids incorporated into plant lipids are derived from the iterative addition of c2 units which is provided by malonyl-coa to an acyl-coa after interactions with 3-ketoacyl-coa synthase (kcs), found in several plants. this study provides functional characterization of three 3 ketoacyl coa synthase like proteins in vitis vinifera (one) and oryza brachyantha (two proteins). sequence analysis reveals that protein of oryza brachyantha shows 96% similarity to a hypothetical protei ... | 2015 | 25239516 |
| the sweet family of sugar transporters in grapevine: vvsweet4 is involved in the interaction with botrytis cinerea. | during plant development, sugar export is determinant in multiple processes such as nectar production, pollen development and long-distance sucrose transport. the plant sweet family of sugar transporters is a recently identified protein family of sugar uniporters. in rice, sweet transporters are the target of extracellular bacteria, which have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to modify their expression and acquire sugars to sustain their growth. here we report the characterization of the sweet f ... | 2014 | 25246444 |
| the eucalyptus grandis r2r3-myb transcription factor family: evidence for woody growth-related evolution and function. | the r2r3-myb family, one of the largest transcription factor families in higher plants, controls a wide variety of plant-specific processes including, notably, phenylpropanoid metabolism and secondary cell wall formation. we performed a genome-wide analysis of this superfamily in eucalyptus, one of the most planted hardwood trees world-wide. a total of 141 predicted r2r3-myb sequences identified in the eucalyptus grandis genome sequence were subjected to comparative phylogenetic analyses with ar ... | 2015 | 25250741 |
| xenia and metaxenia in grapes: differences in berry and seed characteristics of maternal grape cv. 'narince' (vitis vinifera l.) as influenced by different pollen sources. | literature investigations indicate that the grapes have quite complex fertilisation biology. this complexity necessitates extensive investigations to obtain reliable knowledge for both well-organised hybridisation studies and maximising grape yield. therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the influences of self-, free- and cross-pollination on berry and seed characteristics in grape. five different pollination treatments were applied to 'narince', the most widely known and popular whi ... | 2015 | 25251333 |
| the role of phytochemicals as micronutrients in health and disease. | intake of dietary phytochemicals has frequently been associated with health benefits. noninfectious diseases including cardiovascular disease (cvd), cancer and diabetes are major causes of death, whereas dementia cases are also increasing to 'epidemic' proportion. this review will focus on recent progress on mechanisms underlying the potential role of dietary phytochemicals in cvd, diabetes, cancer and dementia, with consideration of the latest clinical data. | 2014 | 25252018 |
| begin at the beginning: a bac-end view of the passion fruit (passiflora) genome. | the passion fruit (passiflora edulis) is a tropical crop of economic importance both for juice production and consumption as fresh fruit. the juice is also used in concentrate blends that are consumed worldwide. however, very little is known about the genome of the species. therefore, improving our understanding of passion fruit genomics is essential and to some degree a pre-requisite if its genetic resources are to be used more efficiently. in this study, we have constructed a large-insert bac ... | 2014 | 25260959 |
| profiling of sugar transporter genes in grapevine coping with water deficit. | the profiling of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) genes under water deficit was specifically targeted to sugar transporters. leaf water status was characterized by physiological parameters and soluble sugars content. the expression analysis provided evidence that vvht1 hexose transporter gene was strongly down-regulated by the increased sugar content under mild water-deficit. the genes of monosaccharide transporter vvht5, sucrose carrier vvsuc11, vacuolar invertase vvgin2 and grape asr (aba, stress ... | 2014 | 25261250 |
| selective extraction of polysaccharide affects the adsorption of proanthocyanidin by grape cell walls. | cell wall material was isolated from two vitis vinifera grape varieties, cabernet sauvignon and shiraz, following a buffered phenol extraction method. using sequential fractionation in chelating agent, then increasing the molarity of aqueous potassium hydroxide, polysaccharide classes were selectively extracted from cell walls to produce fractions of defined polysaccharide composition. following the application of phloroglucinolysis and a modified hcl-butanol colourimetric assay to cell wall fra ... | 2014 | 25263870 |
| field evaluation of an expertise-based formal decision system for fungicide management of grapevine downy and powdery mildews. | in france, viticulture accounts for 20% of the phytochemicals sprayed in agriculture, and 80% of grapevine pesticides target powdery and downy mildews. european policies promote pesticide use reduction, and new methods for low-input disease management are needed for viticulture. here, we present the assessment, in france, of mildium, a new decision support system for the management of grapevine mildews. | 2015 | 25264219 |
| variable hydraulic resistances and their impact on plant drought response modelling. | plant drought responses are still not fully understood. improved knowledge on drought responses is, however, crucial to better predict their impact on individual plant and ecosystem functioning. mechanistic models in combination with plant measurements are promising for obtaining information on plant water status and can assist us in understanding the effect of limiting soil water availability and drought stress. while existing models are reliable under sufficient soil water availability, they g ... | 2015 | 25273815 |
| induction of secondary metabolite production by uv-c radiation in vitis vinifera l. öküzgözü callus cultures. | the aim of the present work was to examine the role of uv-c irradiation on the production of secondary metabolites (total phenolic, total flavanols, total flavonols, catechin, ferulic acid and trans-resveratrol in phenolic compounds and α-, β-, γ- δ-tocopherols) in callus cultures. studies on the effects of uv-c treatment on callus culture are seldom and generally focused on uv-b. however uv-c radiation play an important role in accumule secondary metabolites. | 2014 | 25288129 |
| the effects of cadmium chloride on secondary metabolite production in vitis vinifera cv. cell suspension cultures. | plant secondary metabolites are possess several biological activities such as anti-mutagenic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-aging, etc. cell suspension culture is one of the most effective systems to produce secondary metabolites. it is possible to increase the phenolic compounds and tocopherols by using cell suspensions. studies on tocopherols production by cell suspension cultures are seldom and generally focused on seed oil plants. although fresh grape, grape seed, pomace and grape seed oil had toc ... | 2014 | 25288352 |
| safety assessment of vitis vinifera (grape)-derived ingredients as used in cosmetics. | the cosmetic ingredient review expert panel (panel) assessed the safety of 24 vitis vinifera (grape)-derived ingredients and found them safe in the present practices of use and concentration in cosmetics. these ingredients function in cosmetics mostly as skin-conditioning agents, but some function as antioxidants, flavoring agents, and/or colorants. the panel reviewed the available animal and clinical data to determine the safety of these ingredients. additionally, some constituents of grapes ha ... | 2014 | 25297908 |
| protective effect of punica granatum peel and vitis vinifera seeds on den-induced oxidative stress and hepatocellular damage in rats. | this study was designed to find out the efficacy of ethanol extracts of punica granatum peel and vitis vinifera seeds on diethylnitrosamine (den)-induced oxidative stress and hepatocellular damage in wistar rats. rats were divided into four groups. the first group served as normal control, and the second group received den at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight by single intraperitoneal administration. the third one received den as in den-treated group and co-treated with 400 mg/kg p. granatum peel ... | 2015 | 25304489 |
| influence of the use of fungicides on the volatile composition of monastrell red wines obtained from inoculated fermentation. | the influence of six fungicides (famoxadone, fenhexamid, fluquinconazole, kresoxim-methyl, quinoxyfen and trifloxystrobin) on the volatile composition of red wines obtained from inoculated fermentation was studied. although treatments were carried out under critical agricultural practices (cap), the residues in the wines were below their maximum residue limit (mrl). ethyl decanoate was the compound most influenced by these fungicides, while diethyl succinate, decanoic acid, β-ionone, and citrone ... | 2015 | 25306363 |
| occurrence of a number of enzymes involved in either gluconeogenesis or other processes in the pericarp of three cultivars of grape (vitis vinifera l.) during development. | it is uncertain whether the enzymes pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (ppdk) or isocitrate lyase (icl) are present in the pericarp of grape, in which they could function in gluconeogenesis. the occurrence of these and other enzymes was investigated in the pericarp of three cultivars of grape (vitis vinifera l.). in particular, the abundance of the enzymes aldolase, glutamine synthase (gs), acid invertase, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase ( ... | 2014 | 25306529 |
| effects of distillation system and yeast strain on the aroma profile of albariño (vitis vinifera l.) grape pomace spirits. | orujo is a traditional alcoholic beverage produced in galicia (northwest spain) from distillation of grape pomace, a byproduct of the winemaking industry. in this study, the effect of the distillation system (copper charentais alembic versus packed column) and the yeast strain (native yeast l1 versus commercial yeast l2) on the chemical and sensory characteristics of orujo obtained from albariño (vitis vinifera l.) grape pomace has been analyzed. principal component analysis, with two components ... | 2014 | 25307564 |
| [acute kidney injury by glycerol: antioxidant effect of vitis vinifera l]. | the acute kidney injury (aki) is the most serious complication of rhabdomyolysis. in this syndrome, the delivery of heme pigment induces an injury that distinguishes itself by glomerular vasoconstriction and direct cellular toxicity with oxidative component. the renoprotection with antioxidants has demonstrated satisfactory effect. the proanthocyanidins are natural antioxidants found in the grape seed extract. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of vitis vinifera (grape ... | 2007 | 25310061 |
| diadenosine triphosphate is a novel factor which in combination with cyclodextrins synergistically enhances the biosynthesis of trans-resveratrol in vitis vinifera cv. monastrell suspension cultured cells. | dinucleoside polyphosphates are considered as signal molecules that may evoke response of plant cells to stress. other compounds whose biological effects have been recognized are cyclodextrins. they are cyclic oligosaccharides that chemically resemble the alkyl-derived pectic oligosaccharides naturally released from the cell walls during fungal attack, and they act as true elicitors, since, when added to plant cell culture, they induce the expression of genes involved in some secondary metabolis ... | 2014 | 25310254 |
| dissecting the transcriptional response to elicitors in vitis vinifera cells. | the high effectiveness of cyclic oligosaccharides like cyclodextrins in the production of trans-resveratrol in vitis vinifera cell cultures is enhanced in the presence of methyl jasmonate. in order to dissect the basis of the interactions among the elicitation responses triggered by these two compounds, a transcriptional analysis of grapevine cell cultures treated with cyclodextrins and methyl jasmonate separately or in combination was carried out. the results showed that the activation of genes ... | 2014 | 25314001 |
| toxicity of extracellular proteins from diplodia seriata and neofusicoccum parvum involved in grapevine botryosphaeria dieback. | botryosphaeria dieback, esca and eutypa dieback are three economic major grapevine trunk diseases that cause severe yield reduction in vineyards worldwide. the frequency of disease symptoms has increased considerably over the past decade, and no efficient treatment is currently available to control these diseases. the different fungi associated with grapevine trunk diseases mainly induce necrotic wood and characteristic foliar symptoms. in this context, fungi virulence factors and host invasion ... | 2015 | 25323623 |
| inspection of the grapevine burp superfamily highlights an expansion of rd22 genes with distinctive expression features in berry development and aba-mediated stress responses. | the responsive to dehydration 22 (rd22) gene is a molecular link between abscisic acid (aba) signalling and abiotic stress responses. its expression has been used as a reliable aba early response marker. in arabidopsis, the single copy rd22 gene possesses a burp domain also located at the c-terminus of usp embryonic proteins and the beta subunit of polygalacturonases. in grapevine, a rd22 gene has been identified but putative paralogs are also found in the grape genome, possibly forming a large ... | 2014 | 25330210 |
| phenological synchrony between scaphoideus titanus (hemiptera: cicadellidae) hatchings and grapevine bud break: could this explain the insect's expansion? | scaphoideus titanus is the invasive vector of the phytoplasma causing the flavescence dorée in european vineyards. this epidemic is a serious threat to viticulture that has been increasing for more than 60 years in europe. we studied the effect of synchrony with the plant phenology and the effect of plant-sap quality on the individual fitness. thus, we conducted laboratory experiments to determine if insect hatchings were synchronized with grapevine bud break. we used two natural populations: on ... | 2015 | 25339543 |
| reference gene validation for quantitative rt-pcr during biotic and abiotic stresses in vitis vinifera. | grapevine is one of the most cultivated fruit crop worldwide with vitis vinifera being the species with the highest economical importance. being highly susceptible to fungal pathogens and increasingly affected by environmental factors, it has become an important agricultural research area, where gene expression analysis plays a fundamental role. quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr) is currently amongst the most powerful techniques to perform gene expression stud ... | 2014 | 25340748 |
| molecular characteristics and biochemical functions of vppr10s from vitis pseudoreticulata associated with biotic and abiotic stresses. | grapes are one of the world's oldest and most important fruit crops. they are of high economic value in many countries, but the susceptibility of the dominant winegrape species vitis vinifera to fungal disease is a significant problem. the chinese wild grape species are a rich source of disease-resistance genes and these can be used to discover how disease resistance in v. vinifera grapevines might be enhanced. pathogenesis-related (pr) 10 proteins are involved in the disease-response. here, we ... | 2014 | 25340981 |
| protective effect of grape seed extract in experimental menopausal syndrome. | grape seed extract (gse) is a natural product obtained from vitis vinifera seeds; it has been used as adjuvant therapy in wide range of pathological conditions. | 2014 | 25341313 |
| partitioning the grapevine growing season in the douro valley of portugal: accumulated heat better than calendar dates. | temperature and water status profiles during the growing season are the most important factors influencing the ripening of wine grapes. to model weather influences on the quality and productivity of the vintages, it is necessary to partition the growing season into smaller growth intervals in which weather variables are evaluated. a significant part of past and ongoing research on the relationships between weather and wine quality uses calendar-defined intervals to partition the growing season. ... | 2015 | 25344018 |
| effect of thymol and linalool fumigation on postharvest diseases of table grapes. | several postharvest diseases of table grapes (vitis vinifera) occur during storage, and gray mold rot is a particularly severe disease because the causal agent, botrytis cinerea, grows at temperatures as low as 0℃. other postharvest diseases, such as those caused by penicillium spp. and aspergillus spp., also often lead to deterioration in the quality of table grapes after harvest. the use of plant essential oils such as thymol and linalool, to reduce postharvest diseases in several kinds of fru ... | 2014 | 25346603 |
| influence of fungal strain, temperature, and wetness duration on infection of grapevine inflorescences and young berry clusters by botrytis cinerea. | the effect of temperature and wetness duration on infection of vitis vinifera inflorescences (from "inflorescence clearly visible" to "end of flowering" stages) and young berry clusters (at "fruit swelling" and "berries groat-sized" stages) by botrytis cinerea was investigated. artificial inoculations were carried out using conidial suspensions of eight b. cinerea strains belonging to the transposon genotypes transposa and vacuma. infection incidence was significantly affected by strain but not ... | 2015 | 25354016 |
| review of natural products with hepatoprotective effects. | the liver is one of the most important organs in the body, performing a fundamental role in the regulation of diverse processes, among which the metabolism, secretion, storage, and detoxification of endogenous and exogenous substances are prominent. due to these functions, hepatic diseases continue to be among the main threats to public health, and they remain problems throughout the world. despite enormous advances in modern medicine, there are no completely effective drugs that stimulate hepat ... | 2014 | 25356040 |
| comprehensive characterization and rna-seq profiling of the hd-zip transcription factor family in soybean (glycine max) during dehydration and salt stress. | the homeodomain leucine zipper (hd-zip) transcription factor family is one of the largest plant specific superfamilies, and includes genes with roles in modulation of plant growth and response to environmental stresses. many hd-zip genes are characterized in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), and members of the family are being investigated for abiotic stress responses in rice (oryza sativa), maize (zea mays), poplar (populus trichocarpa) and cucumber (cucmis sativus). findings in these species ... | 2014 | 25362847 |
| genetic diversity of wild and cultivated grapevine accessions from southeast turkey. | wild grapevine genetic diversity in southeast turkey has not been documented to date. in the present work, in order to clarify the relationships between wild and cultivated grape accessions from southeastern turkey, 22 nuclear and three chloroplast microsatellite loci were used on 21 wild grapevine vitis vinifera l. ssp. sylvestris (gmelin) and 13 cultivated grapevine vitis vinifera ssp. sativa accessions. the number of alleles per ssr locus ranged from 4 (vvin16) to 20 (vviv67) and the mean all ... | 2014 | 25363274 |
| long-term impact of deficit irrigation on the physical quality of berries in 'crimson seedless' table grapes. | in table grapes, berry firmness influences consumer acceptance so it is important to avoid berry shattering and dehydration during their post-harvest life. since studies of irrigation effects on table grape quality are comparatively rare, sensory evaluation aimed to identify high-quality berries obtained under different deficit irrigation treatments. a 3-year study examined the effects of deficit irrigation strategies on some physical quality attributes at harvest, after 28 days of cold storage ... | 2015 | 25367131 |
| zibibbo nero characterization, a red-wine grape revertant of muscat of alexandria. | muscat of alexandria is known in italy as zibibbo. zibibbo nero, red-wine grapes, is a sport mutation of zibibbo variety. a biochemical and molecular characterization of berry colour (vvmyba1 and vvmyba2 genes, vitis vinifera myeloblastosis) and aroma muscat (vvdxs gene, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase) traits in both zibibbo cultivars was performed, as well as ampelographic and genetic identification analyses. molecular investigations were performed also for two putative zibibbo parents ... | 2015 | 25380987 |
| genetic variation in a grapevine progeny (vitis vinifera l. cvs grenache×syrah) reveals inconsistencies between maintenance of daytime leaf water potential and response of transpiration rate under drought. | in the face of water stress, plants evolved with different abilities to limit the decrease in leaf water potential, notably in the daytime (ψm). so-called isohydric species efficiently maintain high ψm, whereas anisohydric species cannot prevent ψm from dropping as soil water deficit develops. the genetic and physiological origins of these differences in (an)isohydric behaviours remain to be clarified. this is of particular interest within species such as vitis vinifera l. where continuous varia ... | 2014 | 25381432 |
| endogenous florendoviruses are major components of plant genomes and hallmarks of virus evolution. | the extent and importance of endogenous viral elements have been extensively described in animals but are much less well understood in plants. here we describe a new genus of caulimoviridae called 'florendovirus', members of which have colonized the genomes of a large diversity of flowering plants, sometimes at very high copy numbers (>0.5% total genome content). the genome invasion of oryza is dated to over 1.8 million years ago (mya) but phylogeographic evidence points to an even older age of ... | 2014 | 25381880 |
| comparative analysis of predicted plastid-targeted proteomes of sequenced higher plant genomes. | plastids are actively involved in numerous plant processes critical to growth, development and adaptation. they play a primary role in photosynthesis, pigment and monoterpene synthesis, gravity sensing, starch and fatty acid synthesis, as well as oil, and protein storage. we applied two complementary methods to analyze the recently published apple genome (malus × domestica) to identify putative plastid-targeted proteins, the first using targetp and the second using a custom workflow utilizing a ... | 2014 | 25393533 |
| use of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging to correlate the developmental changes in grape berry tissue structure with water diffusion patterns. | over the course of grape berry development, the tissues of the berry undergo numerous morphological transformations in response to processes such as water and solute accumulation and cell division, growth and senescence. these transformations are expected to produce changes to the diffusion of water through these tissues detectable using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (mri). to assess this non-invasive technique diffusion was examined over the course of grape berry development, and in plan ... | 2014 | 25400688 |
| formulation and evaluation on human skin of a water-in-oil emulsion containing muscat hamburg black grape seed extract. | vitis vinifera 'muscat hamburg' (vitaceae) is a blue-black grape variety commonly found in pakistan. it has been consumed and used in traditional medicine for centuries. compared to other grapes, m. hamburg records one of the greatest amount of polyphenols and displays potent antioxidant activities, which make it a great candidate for its exploitation in the development of stable cream emulsions destined to improve the skin appearance. | 2015 | 25402429 |
| enzymatic formation of a resorcylic acid by creating a structure-guided single-point mutation in stilbene synthase. | a novel c17 resorcylic acid was synthesized by a structure-guided vitis vinifera stilbene synthase (sts) mutant, in which threonine 197 was replaced with glycine (t197g). altering the architecture of the coumaroyl binding and cyclization pocket of the enzyme led to the attachment of an extra acetyl unit, derived from malonyl-coa, to p-coumaroyl-coa. the resulting novel pentaketide can be produced strictly by sts-like enzymes and not by chalcone synthase-like type iii polyketide synthases; due to ... | 2015 | 25402946 |
| heat shock factors in carrot: genome-wide identification, classification, and expression profiles response to abiotic stress. | heat shock factors (hsfs) play key roles in the response to abiotic stress in eukaryotes. in this study, 35 dchsfs were identified from carrot (daucus carota l.) based on the carrot genome database. all 35 dchsfs were divided into three classes (a, b, and c) according to the structure and phylogenetic relationships of four different plants, namely, arabidopsis thaliana, vitis vinifera, brassica rapa, and oryza sativa. comparative analysis of algae, gymnosperms, and angiosperms indicated that the ... | 2015 | 25403331 |
| grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). | grapevine (vitis) is considered to be one of the major fruit crops in the world based on hectares cultivated and economic value. grapes are used not only for wine but also for fresh fruit, dried fruit, and juice production. wine is by far the major product of grapes, and the focus of this chapter is on wine grape cultivars. grapevine cultivars of vitis vinifera l. have a reputation for producing premium quality wines. these premium quality wines are produced from a small number of cultivars that ... | 2015 | 25416258 |
| oviposition preference and larval performance of epiphyas postvittana (lepidoptera: tortricidae) on botrytis cinerea (helotiales: sclerotiniaceae) infected berries of vitis vinifera (vitales: vitaceae). | in this paper we tested the behavior of gravid epiphyas postvittana in selecting the most-appropriate site for oviposition thus benefitting offspring performance. our hypothesis was built on jaenike's preference-performance hypothesis (also referred to as the "mother-knows-the-best" hypothesis). to test this, we used the interacting epiphyas postvittana, its host vitis vinifera, and the pathogenic microbe botrytis cinerea system. populations of e. postvittana and b. cinerea often exist concurren ... | 2016 | 25420720 |
| the xylella fastidiosa pd1063 protein is secreted in association with outer membrane vesicles. | xylella fastidiosa is a gram-negative, xylem-limited plant pathogenic bacterium that causes disease in a variety of economically important agricultural crops including pierce's disease of grapevines. xylella fastidiosa biofilms formed in the xylem vessels of plants play a key role in early colonization and pathogenicity by providing a protected niche and enhanced cell survival. here we investigate the role of xylella fastidiosa pd1063, the predicted ortholog of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae pxo_ ... | 2014 | 25426629 |
| evolutionary and expression analysis of a mads-box gene superfamily involved in ovule development of seeded and seedless grapevines. | mads-box transcription factors are involved in many aspects of plant growth and development, such as floral organ determination, fruit ripening, and embryonic development. yet not much is known about grape (vitis vinifera) mads-box genes in a relatively comprehensive genomic and functional way during ovule development. accordingly, we identified 54 grape mads-box genes, aiming to enhance our understanding of grape mads-box genes from both evolutionary and functional perspectives. synteny analysi ... | 2015 | 25429734 |
| transcriptome analysis during berry development provides insights into co-regulated and altered gene expression between a seeded wine grape variety and its seedless somatic variant. | seedless grapes are greatly appreciated for fresh and dry fruit consumption. parthenocarpy and stenospermocarpy have been described as the main phenomena responsible for seedlessness in vitis vinifera. however, the key genes underpinning molecular and cellular processes that play a significant role in seed development are not well characterized. to identify important regulators and mechanisms that may be altered in the seedless phenotype, we performed a comprehensive transcriptional analysis to ... | 2014 | 25431125 |
| transient expression assays in grapevine: a step towards genetic improvement. | in the past few years, the usefulness of transient expression assays has continuously increased for the characterization of unknown gene function and metabolic pathways. in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.), one of the most economically important fruit crops in the world, recent systematic sequencing projects produced many gene data sets that require detailed analysis. due to their rapid nature, transient expression assays are well suited for large-scale genetic studies. although genes and metabolic ... | 2014 | 25431200 |
| precision breeding of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) for improved traits. | this review provides an overview of recent technological advancements that enable precision breeding to genetically improve elite cultivars of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). precision breeding, previously termed "cisgenic" or "intragenic" genetic improvement, necessitates a better understanding and use of genomic resources now becoming accessible. although it is now a relatively simple task to identify genetic elements and genes from numerous "omics" databases, the control of major agronomic and ... | 2014 | 25438781 |
| evolution of phenolic compounds and sensory in bottled red wines and their co-development. | this study aimed to assess the correspondence between the evolution of phenolic compounds and the development of appearance and mouthfeel in cabernet sauvignon (vitis vinifera l. cv.) dry red wines during 18-month aging in bottle. the wines were sealed with six types of bottle stoppers. the results showed that phenolic compounds presented four evolution patterns along with wine aging in bottle, mainly depending on their chemical nature. most of the anthocyanins had significant differences in con ... | 2015 | 25442593 |
| predicting the anthocyanin content of wine grapes by nir hyperspectral imaging. | the aim of this study was to demonstrate the capability of hyperspectral imaging in predicting anthocyanin content changes in wine grapes during ripening. one hundred twenty groups of cabernet sauvignon grapes were collected periodically after veraison. the hyperspectral images were recorded by a hyperspectral imaging system with a spectral range from 900 to 1700 nm. the anthocyanin content was measured by the ph differential method. a quantitative model was developed using partial least squares ... | 2015 | 25442621 |
| rna sequencing reveals high resolution expression change of major plant hormone pathway genes after young seedless grape berries treated with gibberellin. | seedless varieties are of particular importance to the table-grape and raisin industries. gibberellin (ga) application is widely used in the early stages of seedless berry development to increase berry size and economic value. however, the underlying mechanism of ga induction of berry enlargement is not well understood. here, rna-sequencing analysis of 'centennial seedless' (vitis vinifera l.) berries treated with ga3 12 days after flowering is reported. pair-wise comparison of ga3-treated and c ... | 2014 | 25443848 |
| simultaneous quantification of sporangia and zoospores in a biotrophic oomycete with an automatic particle analyzer: disentangling dispersal and infection potentials. | quantitative pathogenicity traits drive the fitness and dynamics of pathogens in agricultural ecosystems and are key determinants of the correct management of crop production over time. however, traits relating to infection potential (i.e. zoospore production) have been less thoroughly investigated in oomycetes than traits relating to dispersal (i.e. sporangium production). we simultaneously quantified sporangium and zoospore production in a biotrophic oomycete, for the joint assessment of life- ... | 2014 | 25448022 |
| the crucial role of φ- and k-segments in the in vitro functionality of vitis vinifera dehydrin dhn1a. | dehydrins (dhns), group ii lea (late embryogenesis abundant) proteins, are among the most commonly observed proteins which accumulate in plants in response to cold and any other environmental factors, causing the dehydration of cells. in previous studies, we isolated a ysk2-type vvcdhn1a gene from table grapes (vitis vinifera cv. cardinal) which presented two spliced variants (the spliced, dhn1a_s and the unspliced, dhn1a_u). their expression was induced by low temperature storage and co2, altho ... | 2014 | 25457499 |
| carbon balance, partitioning and photosynthetic acclimation in fruit-bearing grapevine (vitis vinifera l. cv. tempranillo) grown under simulated climate change (elevated co2, elevated temperature and moderate drought) scenarios in temperature gradient greenhouses. | although plant performance under elevated co2 has been extensively studied in the past little is known about photosynthetic performance changing simultaneously co2, water availability and temperature conditions. moreover, despite of its relevancy in crop responsiveness to elevated co2 conditions, plant level c balance is a topic that, comparatively, has received little attention. in order to test responsiveness of grapevine photosynthetic apparatus to predicted climate change conditions, grapevi ... | 2015 | 25462972 |
| structure of haze forming proteins in white wines: vitis vinifera thaumatin-like proteins. | grape thaumatin-like proteins (tlps) play roles in plant-pathogen interactions and can cause protein haze in white wine unless removed prior to bottling. different isoforms of tlps have different hazing potential and aggregation behavior. here we present the elucidation of the molecular structures of three grape tlps that display different hazing potential. the three tlps have very similar structures despite belonging to two different classes (f2/4jru is a thaumatin-like protein while i/4l5h and ... | 2014 | 25463627 |
| transcriptomic analysis of grape (vitis vinifera l.) leaves after exposure to ultraviolet c irradiation. | only a small amount of solar ultraviolet c (uv-c) radiation reaches the earth's surface. this is because of the filtering effects of the stratospheric ozone layer. artificial uv-c irradiation is used on leaves and fruits to stimulate different biological processes in plants. grapes are a major fruit crop and are grown in many parts of the world. research has shown that uv-c irradiation induces the biosynthesis of phenols in grape leaves. however, few studies have analyzed the overall changes in ... | 2014 | 25464056 |
| berry density and size as factors related to the physicochemical characteristics of muscat hamburg table grapes (vitis vinifera l.). | the aim of this work was to determine the impact of using independently berry density and diameter as sorting methodologies on important physicochemical parameters affecting the grape quality, such as mechanical properties, phenolic composition and aromatic profile. muscat hamburg berries were classified according to the density by flotation in different salt solutions and to the diameter. the three most representative density (1081, 1088 and 1094 kg/m(3)) and diameter (16-17, 18-19 and 20-21 mm ... | 2015 | 25466001 |
| effect of grape bunch sunlight exposure and uv radiation on phenolics and volatile composition of vitis vinifera l. cv. pinot noir wine. | the effect of canopy leaf removal and ultraviolet (uv) on pinot noir grape and wine composition was investigated in this study. limited basal leaf removal in the fruit zone was conducted, compared to shaded bunches. the uv exposure was controlled using polycarbonate screens to block uv radiation, and acrylic screens to pass the uv. the results showed that bunch sunlight and uv exposure significantly increased the brix and ph in the grape juice, and increased substantially wine colour density, an ... | 2015 | 25466041 |
| determination of toxic metals by icp-ms in asiatic and european medicinal plants and dietary supplements. | the potentially toxic metals content was determined in selected plants, used in traditional chinese medicine (angelica sinensis, bacopa monnieri, bupleurum sinensis, curcuma longa, cola accuminata, emblica officinalis, garcinia cambogia, mucuna pruriens, ocimum sanctum, panax ginseng, pueraria lobata, salvia miltiorrhiza, schisandra sinensis, scutellaria baicalensis, siraitia grosvenorii, terminalia arjuna and terminalia chebula), and some european herbs (echinacea purpurea, hypericum perforatum ... | 2015 | 25467854 |
| identification of a plastid-localized bifunctional nerolidol/linalool synthase in relation to linalool biosynthesis in young grape berries. | monoterpenoids are a diverse class of natural products and contribute to the important varietal aroma of certain vitis vinifera grape cultivars. among the typical monoterpenoids, linalool exists in almost all grape varieties. a gene coding for a nerolidol/linalool (nes/lins) synthase was evaluated in the role of linalool biosynthesis in grape berries. enzyme activity assay of this recombinant protein revealed that it could convert geranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate into linalool and ne ... | 2014 | 25470020 |
| optimization of supercritical fluid consecutive extractions of fatty acids and polyphenols from vitis vinifera grape wastes. | in this study, supercritical fluid extraction has been successfully applied to a sequential fractionation of fatty acids and polyphenols from wine wastes (2 different vitis vinifera grapes). to this aim, in a 1st step just fatty acids were extracted and in a 2nd one the polyphenols. the variables that affected to the extraction efficiency were separately optimized in both steps following an experimental design approach. the effect of extraction temperature flow, pressure, and time were thoroughl ... | 2015 | 25471637 |
| sinbase: an integrated database to study genomics, genetics and comparative genomics in sesamum indicum. | sesame (sesamum indicum l.) is an ancient and important oilseed crop grown widely in tropical and subtropical areas. it belongs to the gigantic order lamiales, which includes many well-known or economically important species, such as olive (olea europaea), leonurus (leonurus japonicus) and lavender (lavandula spica), many of which have important pharmacological properties. despite their importance, genetic and genomic analyses on these species have been insufficient due to a lack of reference ge ... | 2015 | 25480115 |
| the grapevine gene nomenclature system. | grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) is one of the most important fruit crops in the world and serves as a valuable model for fruit development in woody species. a major breakthrough in grapevine genomics was achieved in 2007 with the sequencing of the vitis vinifera cv. pn40024 genome. subsequently, data on structural and functional characterization of grape genes accumulated exponentially. to better exploit the results obtained by the international community, we think that a coordinated nomenclature ... | 2014 | 25481684 |
| integrated network analysis identifies fight-club nodes as a class of hubs encompassing key putative switch genes that induce major transcriptome reprogramming during grapevine development. | we developed an approach that integrates different network-based methods to analyze the correlation network arising from large-scale gene expression data. by studying grapevine (vitis vinifera) and tomato (solanum lycopersicum) gene expression atlases and a grapevine berry transcriptomic data set during the transition from immature to mature growth, we identified a category named "fight-club hubs" characterized by a marked negative correlation with the expression profiles of neighboring genes in ... | 2014 | 25490918 |
| functional analysis of flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase from tea plant (camellia sinensis): critical role in the accumulation of catechins. | flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase (f3'5'h), an important branch point enzyme in tea plant flavan-3-ol synthesis, belongs to the cyp75a subfamily and catalyzes the conversion of flavones, flavanones, dihydroflavonols and flavonols into 3',4',5'-hydroxylated derivatives. however, whether b-ring hydroxylation occurs at the level of flavanones and/or dihydroflavonols, in vivo remains unknown. | 2014 | 25490984 |
| jasmonic acid-isoleucine formation in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) by two enzymes with distinct transcription profiles. | the plant hormone jasmonic acid (ja) is essential for stress responses and the formation of reproductive organs, but its role in fruit development and ripening is unclear. conjugation of ja to isoleucine is a crucial step in the ja signaling pathway since only ja-ile is recognized by the jasmonate receptor. the conjugation reaction is catalyzed by ja-amido synthetases, belonging to the family of gretchen hagen3 (gh3) proteins. here, in vitro studies of two grapevine (vitis vinifera l. cv shiraz) ... | 2015 | 25494944 |
| rna-seq profile of flavescence dorée phytoplasma in grapevine. | the phytoplasma-borne disease flavescence dorée is still a threat to european viticulture, despite mandatory control measures and prophylaxis against the leafhopper vector. given the economic importance of grapevine, it is essential to find alternative strategies to contain the spread, in order to possibly reduce the current use of harmful insecticides. further studies of the pathogen, the vector and the mechanisms of phytoplasma-host interactions could improve our understanding of the disease. ... | 2014 | 25495145 |
| plant omics data center: an integrated web repository for interspecies gene expression networks with nlp-based curation. | comprehensive integration of large-scale omics resources such as genomes, transcriptomes and metabolomes will provide deeper insights into broader aspects of molecular biology. for better understanding of plant biology, we aim to construct a next-generation sequencing (ngs)-derived gene expression network (gen) repository for a broad range of plant species. so far we have incorporated information about 745 high-quality mrna sequencing (mrna-seq) samples from eight plant species (arabidopsis thal ... | 2015 | 25505034 |
| production, characterization of tannase from penicillium montanense urm 6286 under ssf using agroindustrial wastes, and application in the clarification of grape juice (vitis vinifera l.). | tannase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes esters and lateral bonds of tannins, such as tannic acid, releasing glucose and gallic acid and stands out in the clarification of wines and juices. fungi of the genera aspergillus and penicillium are excellent producers of this enzyme. the search for fungi that produce high levels of tannase as well as new substrates for the enzyme production by the ssf is required. the objectives of this study were to evaluate the production of tannase by aspergillus and pe ... | 2014 | 25506607 |
| assessment of the quality of polluted areas based on the content of heavy metals in different organs of the grapevine (vitis vinifera) cv tamjanika. | in this study, the samples of the spatial soil and organs of the grapevine (vitis vinifera) cultivar tamjanika were collected from the selected zones near the mining and smelting complex bor (east serbia). they were analyzed by icp-oes to determine the content of cu, zn, pb, as, cd, and ni with the aim of ascertaining if these data may help in the assessment and improvement of the quality of environment in polluted areas such as bor and its surrounding area. the results obtained from the calcula ... | 2015 | 25510611 |
| genome-wide and molecular evolution analysis of the subtilase gene family in vitis vinifera. | vitis vinifera (grape) is one of the most economically significant fruit crops in the world. the availability of the recently released grape genome sequence offers an opportunity to identify and analyze some important gene families in this species. subtilases are a group of subtilisin-like serine proteases that are involved in many biological processes in plants. however, no comprehensive study incorporating phylogeny, chromosomal location and gene duplication, gene organization, functional dive ... | 2014 | 25512249 |
| fruit-localized photoreceptors increase phenolic compounds in berry skins of field-grown vitis vinifera l. cv. malbec. | sunlight exposure has multiple effect on fruits, as it affects the light climate perceived by fruit photoreceptors and fruit tissue temperature. in grapes (vitis vinifera l.), light exposure can have a strong effect on fruit quality and commercial value; however, the mechanisms of light action are not well understood. the role of fruit-localized photoreceptors in the control of berry quality traits was evaluated under field conditions in a commercial vineyard in mendoza (argentina). characteriza ... | 2015 | 25514818 |
| metabolic engineering of escherichia coli for the biosynthesis of flavonoid-o-glucuronides and flavonoid-o-galactoside. | most flavonoids are glycosylated and the nature of the attached sugar can strongly affect their physiological properties. although many flavonoid glycosides have been synthesized in escherichia coli, most of them are glucosylated. in order to synthesize flavonoids attached to alternate sugars such as glucuronic acid and galactoside, e. coli was genetically modified to express a uridine diphosphate (udp)-dependent glycosyltransferase (ugt) specific for udp-glucuronic acid (amugt10 from antirrhinu ... | 2015 | 25515812 |
| in vitro and in vivo evaluation of the antioxidant and prooxidant activity of phenolic compounds obtained from grape (vitis vinifera) pomace. | the antioxidant and/or prooxidant ability of extracts obtained from wine waste were analyzed using in vitro and in vivo assays. cyclic voltammetry was used as the in vitro assay to determine the antioxidant and/or prooxidant properties and, the in vivo effect on mycelial growth of the fungus botrytis cinerea was evaluated. in addition, the prooxidant activity was evaluated by intracellular oxidation of compound 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (dcfh-da) in b. cinerea. the extracts used i ... | 2014 | 25521116 |
| changes in growth, photosynthetic activities, biochemical parameters and amino acid profile of thompson seedless grapes (vitis vinifera l.). | the study on photosynthetic activity and biochemical parameters in thompson seedless grapes grafted on dog ridge rootstock and its impact on growth, yield and amino acid profile at various stages of berry development was conducted during the year 2012-2013. leaf and berry samples from ten year old vines of thompson seedless were collected at different growth and berry developmental stages. the analysis showed difference in photosynthetic activity, biochemical parameters and amino acid status wit ... | 2014 | 25522520 |
| rapid monitoring of grape withering using visible near-infrared spectroscopy. | wineries need new practical and quick instruments, non-destructive and able to quantitatively evaluate during withering the parameters that impact product quality. the aim of the work was to test an optical portable system (visible near-infrared (nir) spectrophotometer) in a wavelength range of 400-1000 nm for the prediction of quality parameters of grape berries during withering. | 2015 | 25523419 |
| transcriptomic analysis of the late stages of grapevine (vitis vinifera cv. cabernet sauvignon) berry ripening reveals significant induction of ethylene signaling and flavor pathways in the skin. | grapevine berry, a nonclimacteric fruit, has three developmental stages; the last one is when berry color and sugar increase. flavors derived from terpenoid and fatty acid metabolism develop at the very end of this ripening stage. the transcriptomic response of pulp and skin of cabernet sauvignon berries in the late stages of ripening between 22 and 37 °brix was assessed using whole-genome micorarrays. | 2014 | 25524329 |
| bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of vitis vinifera l. cultivated under distinct agricultural practices in argentina. | plants interact with a myriad of microbial cells in the rhizosphere, an environment that is considered to be important for plant development. however, the differential structuring of rhizosphere microbial communities due to plant cultivation under differential agricultural practices remains to be described for most plant species. here we describe the rhizosphere microbiome of grapevine cultivated under conventional and organic practices, using a combination of cultivation-independent approaches. ... | 2015 | 25527391 |
| anthocyanin yield and skin softening during maceration, as affected by vineyard row orientation and grape ripeness of vitis vinifera l. cv. shiraz. | anthocyanin and mechanical properties were evaluated on shiraz grapes, picked from both sides of north-south and east-west vineyard row orientations at two harvest dates. wines were made from each combination. the evaluation and evolution of crushed skin mechanical properties during maceration-fermentation, as also affected by grape ripeness, are shown for the first time. no significant differences in anthocyanin content were found in the grapes between the two vineyard row orientations. however ... | 2015 | 25529645 |
| structural and dynamic basis of acid amido synthetase gh3.1: an investigation of substrate selectivity and major active site access channels. | auxin/iaa (indole-3-acetic acid) plays critical roles in many aspects of plant growth and development. gretchen hagen 3.1 (gh3.1) enzyme from grapevine (vitis vinifera) catalyzes the atp-dependent conjugation of aspartate to iaa suggesting a significant way to modulate levels of cellular auxins/iaa. it is reported that vvgh3.1 prefers iaa as the substrate than 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (naa) and benzothiazole-2-oxyacetic acid (btoa), whereas the detailed interaction mechanism of these substrates ... | 2015 | 25531425 |
| direct identification and characterization of phenolic compounds from crude extracts of buds and internodes of grapevine (vitis vinifera cv merlot). | the crude methanol extracts of latent buds and internodes vitis vinifera l. cv. merlot were used for the determination of phenolic compounds by a combination of reverse phase hplc with diode array detection (hplc-dad) and mass spectrometry (lc-ms). this method allowed the identification of 9 phenolic compounds without purification or fractionation. these 9 compounds were divided into three groups: procyanidins, flavonols and stilbenes. detection by hplc-dad at different wave lengths of 280 nm to ... | 2014 | 25532283 |
| identification of low temperature stress regulated transcript sequences and gene families in italian cypress. | cold acclimation is a complex transcriptionally controlled process regulated by many different genes and genic-interactions in plants. the northward spreading of woody species is mainly limited by winter harshness. to increase our knowledge about the biological processes underlying cold acclimation, plants evolved in warmer climates can serve as models. in this work, a suppression subtractive hybridization approach using pcr-select was used to isolate italian cypress (cupressus sempervirens l.) ... | 2015 | 25534982 |
| vitiscyc: a metabolic pathway knowledgebase for grapevine (vitis vinifera). | we have developed vitiscyc, a grapevine-specific metabolic pathway database that allows researchers to (i) search and browse the database for its various components such as metabolic pathways, reactions, compounds, genes and proteins, (ii) compare grapevine metabolic networks with other publicly available plant metabolic networks, and (iii) upload, visualize and analyze high-throughput data such as transcriptomes, proteomes, metabolomes etc. using omics-viewer tool. vitiscyc is based on the geno ... | 2014 | 25538713 |
| optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenols from seeds of grape pomace. | the aim of this research was to optimize the extraction condition of ultrasound-assisted extraction (uae) of phenols from the red grape of vranac variety (vitis vinifera l.) pomace seeds. the minimum experiments needed for optimization of uae by response surface methodology (rsm) were obtained by spectrophotometric and hplc analyses of seed extracts. uae greatly depends on three independent variables: extraction temperature, time and liquid/solid ratio. the rsm can be used for optimization of ua ... | 2014 | 25551727 |
| abscisic acid (aba) regulates grape bud dormancy, and dormancy release stimuli may act through modification of aba metabolism. | in warm-winter regions, induction of dormancy release by hydrogen cyanamide (hc) is mandatory for commercial table grape production. induction of respiratory stress by hc leads to dormancy release via an uncharacterized biochemical cascade that could reveal the mechanism underlying this phenomenon. previous studies proposed a central role for abscisic acid (aba) in the repression of bud meristem activity, and suggested its removal as a critical step in the hc-induced cascade. in the current stud ... | 2015 | 25560179 |
| soybean and casein hydrolysates induce grapevine immune responses and resistance against plasmopara viticola. | plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of grapevine downy mildew, is one of the most devastating grape pathogen in europe and north america. although phytochemicals are used to control pathogen infections, the appearance of resistant strains and the concern for possible adverse effects on environment and human health are increasing the search for alternative strategies. in the present investigation, we successfully tested two protein hydrolysates from soybean (soy) and casein (cas) to trigger gra ... | 2014 | 25566290 |
| vvgonst-a and vvgonst-b are golgi-localised gdp-sugar transporters in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). | plant nucleotide-sugar transporters (nsts) are responsible for the import of nucleotide-sugar substrates into the golgi lumen, for subsequent use in glycosylation reactions. nsts are specific for either gdp- or udp-sugars, and almost all transporters studied to date have been isolated from arabidopsis thaliana l. in order to determine the conservation of the import mechanism in other higher plant species, here we report the identification and characterisation of vvgonst-a and vvgonst-b from grap ... | 2015 | 25576004 |
| evaluation of dihydroquercetin-3-o-glucoside from malbec grapes as copigment of malvidin-3-o-glucoside. | malbec is a wine grape variety of great phenolic potential characterized for its high levels of anthocyanins and dihydroflavonols. to evaluate the possible implication of dihydroflavonols in the expression of red wine color through reactions of copigmentation or condensation, assays were carried out in wine model systems with different malvidin-3-o-glucoside:dihydroquercetin-3-o-glucoside molar ratios. the addition of increasing levels of dihydroquercetin-3-o-glucoside to a constant malvidin-3-o ... | 2015 | 25577066 |
| spatial distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes in semi-arid vitis vinifera vineyards in washington. | the most commonly encountered plant-parasitic nematodes in eastern washington vitis vinifera vineyards are meloidogyne hapla, mesocriconema xenoplax, pratylenchus spp., xiphinema americanum, and paratylenchus sp.; however, little is known about their distribution in the soil profile. the vertical and horizontal spatial distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes was determined in two washington v. vinifera vineyards. others variables measured in these vineyards included soil moisture content, fine ... | 2014 | 25580024 |
| leaf removal and wine composition of vitis vinifera l. cv. nero d'avola: the volatile aroma constituents. | defoliation is a cultural practice for crop management in grapevines and the benefits effects have been demonstrated. here, the influence of 'early' leaf removal on the quality of nero d'avola wines was evaluated. particular attention has been given to the volatile constituents responsible for the wine aroma but also to the total amount of polyphenolic compounds, anthocyanins and flavonoids. | 2016 | 25581439 |
| chemical changes in grape stem and their relationship to stem color throughout berry ripening in vitis vinifera l. cv shiraz. | little attention has been paid to the color change or chemical compositional changes that occur in grape stems and how this correlates with the berry ripening process. recently we have found that the change in grape peduncle color of shiraz (vitis vinifera) from green at veraison to predominantly brown at harvest occurs in parallel with berry ripening and as such may represent a new way of assisting in the prediction of grape maturity and harvest date. we have now investigated further the link b ... | 2015 | 25582184 |
| distinct regulation in inflorescence carbohydrate metabolism according to grapevine cultivars during floral development. | carbohydrate metabolism is important in plant sexual reproduction because sugar contents are determining factors for both flower initiation and floral organ development. in woody plants, flowering represents the most energy-consuming step crucial to reproductive success. nevertheless, in these species, the photosynthesis performed by flowers supplies the carbon required for reproduction. in grapevine (vitis vinifera), the inflorescence has a specific status because this organ imports carbohydrat ... | 2015 | 25585972 |
| functional characterization and developmental expression profiling of gibberellin signalling components in vitis vinifera. | gibberellins (gas) regulate numerous developmental processes in grapevine (vitis vinifera) such as rachis elongation, fruit set, and fruitlet abscission. the ability of ga to promote berry enlargement has led to its indispensable use in the sternospermocarpic ('seedless') table grape industry worldwide. however, apart from vvgai1 (vvdella1), which regulates internode elongation and fruitfulness, but not berry size of seeded cultivars, little was known about ga signalling in grapevine. we have id ... | 2015 | 25588745 |
| robust ultraviolet-visible (uv-vis) partial least-squares (pls) models for tannin quantification in red wine. | the validation of ultraviolet-visible (uv-vis) spectroscopy combined with partial least-squares (pls) regression to quantify red wine tannins is reported. the methylcellulose precipitable (mcp) tannin assay and the bovine serum albumin (bsa) tannin assay were used as reference methods. to take the high variability of wine tannins into account when the calibration models were built, a diverse data set was collected from samples of south african red wines that consisted of 18 different cultivars, ... | 2015 | 25591104 |
| phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and insulinotropic effect of extracts prepared from grape (vitis vinifera l) byproducts. | grape byproducts are a rich source of phenolics having immense medicinal properties, but usually wasted from juice/wine processing industries. the present study investigates the phenolic antioxidants and the insulinotropic effect of extracts prepared from seed, skin and stems of two red wine grape cultivars: pusa navarang and merlot. pusa navarang cultivar has shown high amounts of total phenolics (95.8 mg/ml), flavonoids (30.5 mg/ml) and flavan-3-ols (21.8 mg/ml) in seed extract and total antho ... | 2015 | 25593367 |
| resveratrol content and antioxidant properties of underutilized fruits. | in the present study, resveratrol content and antioxidant properties of underutilized fruits such as jamun (syzygium cumini l.), jackfruit (artocarpus heterophyllus) and mulberry (morus rubra) were investigated keeping grape (vitis vinifera) as a reference. ethanol/water (80:20 v/v) extracts of different parts of fruit samples including skin, pulp and seeds were analyzed by hplc and ms for the quantification of resveratrol. total polyphenols, flavonoids, dpph scavenging activity and total antiox ... | 2015 | 25593373 |
| untargeted metabolomic analysis using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry for non-volatile profiling of wines. | the current study presents a method for comprehensive untargeted metabolomic fingerprinting of the non-volatile profile of the graciano vitis vinifera wine variety, using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (lc-esi-qtof). pre-treatment of samples, chromatographic columns, mobile phases, elution gradients and ionization sources, were evaluated for the extraction of the maximum number of metabolites in red wine. putative compounds were extracted from the ... | 2015 | 25597799 |
| inhibitory effects of polyphenols from grape pomace extract on collagenase and elastase activity. | breakdown and disorganization of extracellular matrix proteins like collagen, fibronectin and elastin are main characteristics of skin aging due to the enhanced activation of proteolytic enzymes such as collagenases and elastases. inhibition of their enzymatic activities by natural plant compounds might be a promising approach to prevent extrinsic skin aging. especially polyphenols are supposed to interact with those enzymes due to their molecular nature. in our investigation, extracts of pomace ... | 2015 | 25598188 |