Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| neuroprotective effects of vitis vinifera extract on prediabetic mice induced by a high-fat diet. | vitis vinifera grape seed extract (vve) contains oligomeric proanthocyanidins that show antioxidant and free radical-scavenging activities. we evaluated vve for its neuroprotective effect in prediabetic mice induce by a high-fat diet (hd). | 2013 | 24009454 |
| seasonal biology of ferrisia gilli (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) in california sierra foothill vineyards. | the mealybug ferrisia gilli gullan is an emerging pest of wine grapes grown in california's sierra foothills. a relatively new species, it had previously been recorded as a pest of pistachio, almond, and ornamentals. it was first reported on grape in el dorado county in 2003 and has since established and spread. nondestructive monitoring of grape vine sections was conducted in untreated vineyard plots and compared with destructive sampling conducted in grower-treated plots in 2008 and 2009 to de ... | 2013 | 24020286 |
| pancreatic lipase inhibitory stilbenoids from the roots of vitis vinifera. | bioassay-guided isolation of an aqueous methanolic extract of vitis vinifera using pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity led to isolation of seven stilbenoids, wilsonol c (1), heyneanol a (2), ampelopsin a (3), pallidol a (4), cis-piceid (5), trans-piceid (6) and trans-resveratrol (7). the structures were established on the basis of nmr and ms spectroscopic data interpretation. all isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase, and stilbenoid 1 exhibited potent inhibi ... | 2014 | 24020412 |
| reference gene selection and validation for the early responses to downy mildew infection in susceptible and resistant vitis vinifera cultivars. | the pivotal role of cultivated grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) in many countries economy is compromised by its high susceptibility to plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of downy mildew disease. recent research has identified a set of genes related to resistance which may be used to track downy mildew infection. quantification of the expression of these resistance genes requires normalizing qpcr data using reference genes with stable expression in the system studied. in this study, a set of elev ... | 2013 | 24023800 |
| genetic dissection of a tir-nb-lrr locus from the wild north american grapevine species muscadinia rotundifolia identifies paralogous genes conferring resistance to major fungal and oomycete pathogens in cultivated grapevine. | the most economically important diseases of grapevine cultivation worldwide are caused by the fungal pathogen powdery mildew (erysiphe necator syn. uncinula necator) and the oomycete pathogen downy mildew (plasmopara viticola). currently, grapegrowers rely heavily on the use of agrochemicals to minimize the potentially devastating impact of these pathogens on grape yield and quality. the wild north american grapevine species muscadinia rotundifolia was recognized as early as 1889 to be resistant ... | 2013 | 24033846 |
| portable nir-aotf spectroscopy combined with winery ftir spectroscopy for an easy, rapid, in-field monitoring of sangiovese grape quality. | a near infrared acousto-optically tunable filter (nir-aotf) spectrophotometer was tested for three seasons on four different vineyards with the aim of monitoring the ripening evolution of the italian red wine grape variety sangiovese. predictive models for the estimation of several enological parameters were carried out applying the partial least squares chemometric approach. reference analysis was conducted using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir). spectral detections were obtained ... | 2014 | 24037743 |
| grapevine nac1 transcription factor as a convergent node in developmental processes, abiotic stresses, and necrotrophic/biotrophic pathogen tolerance. | transcription factors of the nac family are known to be involved in various developmental processes and in response to environmental stresses. whereas nac genes have been widely studied in response to abiotic stresses, little is known about their role in response to biotic stresses, especially in crops. here, the first characterization of a vitis vinifera l. nac member, named vvnac1, and involved in organ development and defence towards pathogens is reported. expression profile analysis of vvnac ... | 2013 | 24043850 |
| garnacha tintorera-based sweet wines: detailed phenolic composition by hplc/dad-esi/ms analysis. | sweet wines are traditionally elaborated in galicia (the n.w. corner of spain). the denomination of origin (do) valdeorras, one of the five dos in galicia, wants to promote the production and marketing of new sweets wines. the first one is made with dried red grapes vitis vinifera l. garnacha tintorera (gnsw); this cultivar is a teinturier cultivar which has excellent potential to produce wines from raisined grapes. the second one, a fortified sweet wine aged in oak barrels (gfsw). additionally ... | 2014 | 24054241 |
| small-scale intraspecific life history variation in herbivorous spider mites (tetranychus pacificus) is associated with host plant cultivar. | life history variation is a general feature of arthropod systems, but is rarely included in models of field or laboratory data. most studies assume that local processes occur identically across individuals, ignoring any genetic or phenotypic variation in life history traits. in this study, we tested whether field populations of pacific spider mites (tetranychus pacificus) on grapevines (vitis vinifera) display significant intraspecific life history variation associated with host plant cultivar. ... | 2013 | 24058453 |
| scientific evaluation of edible fruits and spices used for the treatment of peptic ulcer in traditional iranian medicine. | in traditional iranian medicine (tim), several edible fruits and spices are thought to have protective and healing effects on peptic ulcer (pu). the present study was conducted to verify anti-pu activity of these remedies. for this purpose, edible fruits and spices proposed for the management of pu in tim were collected from tim sources, and they were searched in modern medical databases to find studies that confirmed their efficacy. findings from modern investigations support the claims of tim ... | 2013 | 24066235 |
| volatile organic compounds characterized from grapevine (vitis vinifera l. cv. malbec) berries increase at pre-harvest and in response to uv-b radiation. | ultraviolet-b solar radiation (uv-b) is an environmental signal with biological effects in plant tissues. recent investigations have assigned a protective role of volatile organic compounds (vocs) in plant tissues submitted to biotic and abiotic stresses. this study investigated vocs in berries at three developmental stages (veraison, pre-harvest and harvest) of vitis vinifera l. cv. malbec exposed (or not) to uv-b both, in in vitro and field experiments. by head space-solid phase micro extracti ... | 2013 | 24075072 |
| grafting with rootstocks induces extensive transcriptional re-programming in the shoot apical meristem of grapevine. | grafting is widely used in the agriculture of fruit-bearing crops; rootstocks are known to confer differences in scion biomass in addition to improving other traits of agricultural interest. however, little is known about the effect of rootstocks on scion gene expression. the objective of this study was to determine whether hetero-grafting the grapevine variety vitis vinifera cv. 'cabernet sauvignon n' with two different rootstocks alters gene expression in the shoot apex in comparison to the au ... | 2013 | 24083813 |
| development of highly polymorphic est-ssr markers and segregation in f₁ hybrid population of vitis vinifera l. | the objectives of this investigation were to develop and validate the expressed sequence tag (est)-simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers from large est sequences, and to study the segregation and distribution of ssrs within two grapevine parental lines. in total, 94 f₁ lines crossed between "early rose" and "red globe" were studied. approximately 2100 est-ssr sequences of vitis vinifera l. were searched for ssrs and analyzed for the design of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primers amplifying the ... | 2013 | 24085448 |
| identification of mildew resistance in wild and cultivated central asian grape germplasm. | cultivated grapevines, vitis vinifera subsp. sativa, evolved from their wild relative, v. vinifera subsp. sylvestris. they were domesticated in central asia in the absence of the powdery mildew fungus, erysiphe necator, which is thought to have originated in north america. however, powdery mildew resistance has previously been discovered in two central asian cultivars and in chinese vitis species. | 2013 | 24093598 |
| [study of antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds from some species of georgian flora]. | the antioxidant activity of extracts obtained from different parts of georgian flora species hamamelis virginiana l., astragalus caucasicus pall., astragalus microcephalus willd., vitis vinifera l., rhododendron ponticum l., rhododendron ungernii trautv., ginkgo biloba l., salvia officinalis l., querqus iberica stev., maclura aurantiaca nutt., cotinus coggygria ledeb., fraxinus ornus l., urtica dioica l., rhododendron caucasicum pall., pueraria hirsuta matsum., geranium pusillum l., astragalus t ... | 2013 | 24099817 |
| functional characterisation of three members of the vitis vinifera l. carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase gene family. | in plants, carotenoids serve as the precursors to c13-norisoprenoids, a group of apocarotenoid compounds with diverse biological functions. enzymatic cleavage of carotenoids catalysed by members of the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (ccd) family has been shown to produce a number of industrially important volatile flavour and aroma apocarotenoids including β-ionone, geranylacetone, pseudoionone, α-ionone and 3-hydroxy-β-ionone in a range of plant species. apocarotenoids contribute to the floral ... | 2013 | 24106789 |
| treatment of diabetes in the mouse model by delphinidin and cyanidin hydrochloride in free and liposomal forms. | cyanidin and delphinidin are the main phenolic antioxidants in the grape (vitis vinifera). the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of delphinidin and cyanidin chloride in the free and liposomal forms on the albumin glycation reaction. delphinidin and cyanidin chlorides were encapsulated in the liposomes using an extrusion method. the rate of albumin glycation was evaluated using the elisa method. finally, in vivo anti-glycation of delphinidin and cyan ... | 2013 | 24108435 |
| profiling viral infections in grapevine using a randomly primed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction/macroarray multiplex platform. | crop-specific diagnostics to simultaneously detect a large number of pathogens provides an invaluable platform for the screening of vegetative material prior to its propagation. here we report the use of what is to-date the largest published example of a crop-specific macroarray for the detection of 38 of the most prevalent or emergent viruses to infect grapevine. the reusable array consists of 1,578 virus-specific 60 to 70mer oligonucleotide probes and 19 plant and internal control probes spott ... | 2014 | 24111573 |
| bacteria isolated from roots and rhizosphere of vitis vinifera retard water losses, induce abscisic acid accumulation and synthesis of defense-related terpenes in in vitro cultured grapevine. | eleven bacterial strains were isolated at different soil depths from roots and rhizosphere of grapevines from a commercial vineyard. by 16s rrna gene sequencing 10 different genera and 8 possible at species level were identified. from them, bacillus licheniformis rt4m10 and pseudomonas fluorescens rt6m10 were selected according to their characteristics as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr). both produced abscisic acid (aba), indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and the gibberellins a1 and a3 in c ... | 2014 | 24118032 |
| crystal structure of udp-glucose:anthocyanidin 3-o-glucosyltransferase from clitoria ternatea. | flowers of the butterfly pea (clitoria ternatea) accumulate a group of polyacylated anthocyanins, named ternatins, in their petals. the first step in ternatin biosynthesis is the transfer of glucose from udp-glucose to anthocyanidins such as delphinidin, a reaction catalyzed in c. ternatea by udp-glucose:anthocyanidin 3-o-glucosyltransferase (ct3gt-a; ab185904). to elucidate the structure-function relationship of ct3gt-a, recombinant ct3gt-a was expressed in escherichia coli and its tertiary str ... | 2013 | 24121335 |
| fingerprinting of anthocyanins from grapes produced in brazil using hplc-dad-ms and exploratory analysis by principal component analysis. | the anthocyanin profile was studied for 11 types of grapes of different varieties and geographical origins, including 10 wine grape varieties (vitis vinifera) and one hybrid variety. twenty anthocyanins were identified by means of the absorbance spectrum and fragmentation pattern by tandem mass spectrometry. the multivariate method of principal component analysis (pca) was used to evaluate differences amongst the cultivars. the results show the hybrid grape separated from a cluster represented b ... | 2014 | 24128494 |
| a negative myb regulator of proanthocyanidin accumulation, identified through expression quantitative locus mapping in the grape berry. | flavonoids are secondary metabolites with multiple functions. in grape (vitis vinifera), the most abundant flavonoids are proanthocyanidins (pas), major quality determinants for fruit and wine. however, knowledge about the regulation of pa composition is sparse. thus, we aimed to identify novel genomic regions involved in this mechanism. expression quantitative trait locus (eqtl) mapping was performed on the transcript abundance of five downstream pa synthesis genes (dihydroflavonol reductase (v ... | 2014 | 24147899 |
| grape extract improves antioxidant status and physical performance in elite male athletes. | excessive physical exercise overproduces reactive oxygen species. even if elite sportsmen increase their antioxidant status by regular physical training, during the competition period, this improvement is not sufficient to limit free radical production which could be detrimental to the body. the aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, and crossover study on 20 elite sportsmen (handball = 10, basketball = 5, sprint = 4, and volleyball = 1) during the competition period was to de ... | 2009 | 24150013 |
| the r2r3-myb transcription factors myb14 and myb15 regulate stilbene biosynthesis in vitis vinifera. | plant stilbenes are phytoalexins that accumulate in a small number of plant species, including grapevine (vitis vinifera), in response to biotic and abiotic stresses and have been implicated in many beneficial effects on human health. in particular, resveratrol, the basic unit of all other complex stilbenes, has received widespread attention because of its cardio-protective, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidant properties. although stilbene synthases (stss), the key enzymes responsible for resverat ... | 2013 | 24151295 |
| flavor of cold-hardy grapes: impact of berry maturity and environmental conditions. | since the arrival on the market of high-quality cold-hardy grape varieties, northern winemaking has been developing tremendously in countries traditionally unsuited for grape and wine production. cold-hardy grapes are mainly interspecific hybrids of vitis vinifera with vitis labrusca and vitis riparia , making their chemical composition distinct from that of v. vinifera varieties traditionally used for winemaking and therefore limiting the use of current knowledge about v. vinifera varieties in ... | 2013 | 24151907 |
| itraq-based protein profiling provides insights into the central metabolism changes driving grape berry development and ripening. | grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) is an economically important fruit crop. quality-determining grape components such as sugars, acids, flavors, anthocyanins, tannins, etc., accumulate in the different grape berry development stages. thus, correlating the proteomic profiles with the biochemical and physiological changes occurring in grape is of paramount importance to advance in our understanding of berry development and ripening processes. | 2013 | 24152288 |
| short- and long-term physiological responses of grapevine leaves to uv-b radiation. | the present study aimed at evaluating the short- and long-term effects of uv-b radiation on leaves of grapevine vitis vinifera (cv. tempranillo). grapevine fruit-bearing cuttings were exposed to two doses of supplemental biologically effective uv-b radiation (uv-bbe) under glasshouse-controlled conditions: 5.98 and 9.66kjm(-2)d(-1). the treatments were applied either for 20d (from mid-veraison to ripeness) or 75d (from fruit set to ripeness). a 0kjm(-2)d(-1) uv-b treatment was included as contro ... | 2013 | 24157214 |
| the cell membrane is the main target of resveratrol as shown by interdisciplinary biomolecular/cellular and biophysical approaches. | one of the research lines developed in our laboratory is focused on the study of the bioactivity of natural substances. resveratrol (rv) is a polyphenol nonflavonoid compound present in a number of plant species but mainly in the berries of the red grape vitis vinifera. the powerful antioxidant action of this molecule is well documented. in this work we evaluated the effects of this substance by adopting diverse experimental strategies. in particular, we studied the effects on cell vitality and ... | 2014 | 24166779 |
| genetic diversity of grapevine virus a in washington and california vineyards. | grapevine virus a (gva; genus vitivirus, family betaflexiviridae) has been implicated with the kober stem grooving disorder of the rugose wood disease complex. in this study, 26 isolates of gva recovered from wine grape (vitis vinifera) cultivars from california and washington were analyzed for their genetic diversity. an analysis of a portion of the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) and complete coat protein (cp) sequences revealed intra- and inter-isolate sequence diversity. our results indi ... | 2014 | 24168043 |
| osmotic stress-induced polyamine oxidation mediates defence responses and reduces stress-enhanced grapevine susceptibility to botrytis cinerea. | abiotic factors inducing osmotic stress can influence the plant immune response and resistance to pathogen infections. in this study, the effect of polyethylene glycol (peg)- and sucrose-induced osmotic stress on polyamine (pa) homeostasis and the basal immune response in grapevine plantlets before and after botrytis cinerea infection was determined. pharmacological approaches were also addressed to assess the contribution of osmotic stress-induced pa oxidation to the regulation of defence respo ... | 2014 | 24170740 |
| comparative analyses of stilbenoids in canes of major vitis vinifera l. cultivars. | grapevine canes are rich in resveratrol and its complex derivatives. these compounds have many biological activities and are needed mainly for health purposes. canes, which are often wasted, can be used to produce these high-value compounds at low cost. we studied sixteen vitis vinifera l. cultivars among the most widely cultivated ones worldwide. polyphenols were extracted from their canes and identified by liquid chromatography-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. we accurately determined ... | 2013 | 24171397 |
| molecular characterization and impacts of a strain of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 causing asymptomatic infection in a wine grape cultivar. | grapevine leafroll (gld) is considered as the most economically important virus disease affecting wine grapes (vitis vinifera l.) in many grapevine-growing regions. gld produces distinct symptoms in red- and white-berried cultivars. in this study, we determined the complete genome sequence of an asymptomatic strain of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 (glrav-2) and studied its impacts on fruit yield and berry quality attributes in an own-rooted, red-berried wine grape cultivar. | 2013 | 24171725 |
| profiling of anthocyanins for the taxonomic assessment of ancient purebred v. vinifera red grape varieties. | for the purpose of a varietal assessment, the berry skin anthocyanin profiles of 11 ancient native red grape varieties, sampled within the irpinian area (southern italy), were compared to those of three reference vitis vinifera cultivars and of a kober 5bb rootstook hybrid (vitisberlandieri×vitisriparia). the 3,5-o-diglucoside anthocyanins and their acylated derivatives were monitored as signature compounds of non-v. vinifera grapes, using both reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatograp ... | 2014 | 24176307 |
| relationship between skin cell wall composition and anthocyanin extractability of vitis vinifera l. cv. tempranillo at different grape ripeness degree. | the relationship between cell wall composition and extractability of anthocyanins from red grape skins was assessed in tempranillo grape samples harvested at three stages of ripening (pre-harvest, harvest and over-ripening) and three different contents of soluble solids (22, 24 and 26 °brix) within each stage. cell wall material was isolated and analysed in order to determine cellulose, lignin, non-cellulosic polysaccharides, protein, total polyphenols index and the degree of esterification of p ... | 2014 | 24176311 |
| anthocyanins content and antioxidant capacity of corinthian currants (vitis vinifera l., var. apyrena). | corinthian currants are dried vine products used in the mediterranean diet. currant is produced almost exclusively in southern greece; three commercial subcategories are recognised, i.e. vostizza, gulf, and provincial. thirty-five batches of corinthian currants obtained over two crop years and belonging to the several subcategories, were evaluated in terms of total and individual anthocyanins, total phenolics and antioxidant capacity. variations were observed among batches, cultivation regions, ... | 2014 | 24176327 |
| influence of new generation fungicides on saccharomyces cerevisiae growth, grape must fermentation and aroma biosynthesis. | the influence of ten new generation fungicides (ametoctradin, benthiavalicarb-isopropyl, boscalid, cyazofamid, dimethomorph, fenhexamid, kresoxim-methyl, mepanipyrim, metrafenone, and pyraclostrobin) on the fermentative activity of saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast was initially evaluated in pasteurised red must. the presence of ametoctradin, dimethomorph and mepanipyrim seemed to affect sugars-to-ethanol yield in the stationary phase. the same fermentation experiments were carried out for these th ... | 2014 | 24176337 |
| trace metals in wine and vineyard environment in southern ukraine. | the study was focused on measuring the concentration levels of trace metals in the environment, vines and wine within the wine-growing region of ukraine and comparing the findings to the data from well known wine-growing areas. analysis was carried out of cr, cu, ni, pb and zn in irrigation water, grape juice and wine, cu, pb and zn in soil (pseudo-total and acid-soluble fractions) and vitis vinifera l. in leaves and grapes. the accumulation levels of cu and zn from soil to leaves were significa ... | 2014 | 24176352 |
| evidence for a geranyl-diphosphate synthase located within the plastids of vitis vinifera l. cultivated in vitro. | intact plastids from cell suspensions of vitis vinifera l. cv. muscat de frontignan, free of detectable contamination by other particles as judged by the distribution of organelle-specific marker enzymes and by electron microscopy, exhibit geranyl-diphosphate synthase activity (ec 2.5.1.1). this synthase activity remains stable after tryptic digestion of unlysed organelles and is enhanced by plastid disruption. we conclude that the enzyme is located within the organelle. the possibility of an is ... | 1992 | 24178039 |
| ammonium-induced increase in nadh-glutamate dehydrogenase activity is caused by de-novo synthesis of the α-subunit. | when callus derived from shoot segments of vitis vinifera l. was transferred to ammonium-containing medium the aminating activity of nad(h)-glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh, ec 1.4.1.2) increased significantly. this increase in enzyme activity closely paralleled an increase in the protein of the gdh α-subunit (43.0 kda), as detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) gel electrophoresis and western-blotting. a similar correlation was observed between the deaminating activity and the β-subunit (42.5 kda ... | 1992 | 24178072 |
| condensed tannin and anthocyanin production in vitis vinifera cell suspension cultures. | suspension cultures of vitis vinifera were cultured in different media in order to establish a model system for promoting high levels of phenolic substances identical with those found in wine. these media were: a low sucrose maintenance medium (mm) and four high sucrose media (differing mainly in sucrose and mineral contents) which were shown to induce secondary metabolism. in mm medium, polyphenol accumulation in the cells was low, and concentrations of 0.1 mg/gfw for condensed tannins and 0.3 ... | 1996 | 24178167 |
| grape skin extract protects against programmed changes in the adult rat offspring caused by maternal high-fat diet during lactation. | maternal overnutrition during suckling period is associated with increased risk of metabolic disorders in the offspring. we aimed to assess the effect of vitis vinifera l. grape skin extract (ach09) on cardiovascular and metabolic disorders in adult male offspring of rats fed a high-fat (hf) diet during lactation. four groups of female rats were fed: control diet (7% fat), ach09 (7% fat plus 200 mg kg(-1) d(-1) ach09 orally), hf (24% fat), and hf+ach09 (24% fat plus 200 mg kg(-1) d(-1) ach09 ora ... | 2013 | 24183306 |
| rapid and multiregional adaptation to host partial resistance in a plant pathogenic oomycete: evidence from european populations of plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of grapevine downy mildew. | crop pathogens evolve rapidly to adapt to their hosts. the use of crops with quantitative disease resistance is expected to alter selection of pathogen life-history traits. this may result in differential adaptation of the pathogen to host cultivars and, sometimes, to the erosion of quantitative resistance. here, we assessed the level of host adaptation in an oomycete plant pathogenic species. we analysed the phenotypic and genetic variability of 17 plasmopara viticola isolates collected on viti ... | 2014 | 24184095 |
| transformation of grape (vitis vinifera l.) zygotic-derived somatic embryos and regeneration of transgenic plants. | transgenic grape plants were regenerated from somatic embryos derived from immature zygotic embryos of seedless grape (vitis vinifera l.) selections. somatic embryos were bombarded twice with 1 μm gold particles using the biolistic pds-1000/he device (bio-rad laboratories) and then exposed to agrobacterium tumefaciens strain c58/z707 containing the binary plasmid pga482gg or pcgn7314. following cocultivation, secondary embryos were allowed to proliferate on emershad/ramming proliferation (erp) m ... | 1995 | 24185603 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism and molecular taxonomy in vitis vinifera l. | forty-six accessions of grapevine (v. vinifera l.) were compared by restriction fragment length polmorphism (rflp) analysis, and 111 informative or unique restriction fragments were found that revealed an important level of polymorphism. rflp patterns were compared in two ways: by calculating electrophoretic similarity degree values further analyzed by principal component analysis and by studying the distribution of rare restriction fragments. six taxonomic groups could be defined, which partial ... | 1993 | 24190315 |
| induction of stilbene synthase by botrytis cinerea in cultured grapevine cells. | the interaction between botrytis cinerea pers. and grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) was studied in a model system of reduced complexity. cultured plant cells and fragments of fungal cell wall were used to simulate some of the processes taking place upon infection of grapevine with b. cinerea. a soluble glucan elicitor was prepared from the fungal cell wall by acid hydrolysis. like the insoluble wall preparation, the soluble fragment derived from the cell wall acted upon plant cells in eliciting sti ... | 1991 | 24193635 |
| somatic embryogenesis and plant development from immature zygotic embryos of seedless grapes (vitis vinifera l.). | somatic embryo formation occurred from immature zygotic embryos within ovules of stenospermocarpic seedless grapes (vitis vinifera l.), when cultured for two months on liquid emershad/ramming medium. somatic embryos continued to proliferate after excision and transfer to emershad/ramming medium supplemented with 1 μm benzylaminopurine and 0.65% tc agar. plant development from somatic embryos was influenced by genotype, medium, phase (liquid, agar), stage (torpedo, mature) and their interactions. ... | 1994 | 24194218 |
| effect of artificial shading on the tannin accumulation and aromatic composition of the grillo cultivar (vitis vinifera l.). | white wine quality, especially in warm climates, is affected by sunlight and heat stress. these factors increase the probability that ambering processes will occur and reduce the potential flavour compounds. this study aimed to investigate the effect of sunlight reduction on the accumulation of polyphenolic and aromatic compounds. | 2013 | 24195612 |
| subcellular localization of the sites of conversion of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid into ethylene in plant cells. | the subcellular localization of the sites of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) conversion into ethylene was studied by comparing the specific radioactivity of ethylene evolved from the whole cells with that of intra- and extracellular pools of labelled acc. we demonstrate that some cells cultured in vitro (vitis vinifera l. cv. muscat) or leaf tissues (hordeum vulgare l. and triticum aestivum l.) have two sites of ethylene production: (i) an external site, converting apoplastic acc, lo ... | 1990 | 24201941 |
| genome-wide computational prediction and analysis of core promoter elements across plant monocots and dicots. | transcription initiation, essential to gene expression regulation, involves recruitment of basal transcription factors to the core promoter elements (cpes). the distribution of currently known cpes across plant genomes is largely unknown. this is the first large scale genome-wide report on the computational prediction of cpes across eight plant genomes to help better understand the transcription initiation complex assembly. the distribution of thirteen known cpes across four monocots (brachypodi ... | 2013 | 24205361 |
| characterization of polyphenols and antioxidant potential of white grape pomace byproducts (vitis vinifera l.). | a detailed assessment of the total phenolic and total tannin contents, the monomeric and oligomeric flavan-3-ol composition, the proanthocyanidin profile, and the antioxidant potential of the grape pomace byproducts (considered as a whole, both skins and seeds), derived from four white grape varieties (vitis vinifera l.), was performed. significant differences (p < 0.05) of the total phenolic content, total tannin content, and antioxidant capacity of grape pomace byproducts were observed among t ... | 2013 | 24206441 |
| initial description of the developing soybean seed protein lys-n(ε)-acetylome. | characterization of the myriad protein posttranslational modifications (ptm) is a key aspect of proteome profiling. while there have been previous studies of the developing soybean seed phospho-proteome, herein we present the first analysis of non-histone lysine-n(ɛ)-acetylation in this system. in recent years there have been reports that lysine acetylation is widespread, affecting thousands of proteins in diverse species from bacteria to mammals. recently preliminary descriptions of the protein ... | 2014 | 24211405 |
| effects of calcium on rhizotoxicity and the accumulation and translocation of copper by grapevines. | we assessed the effects of background concentrations of calcium (ca) in solution on rhizotoxicity of copper (cu) in and the accumulation and translocation of cu by the grapevine, vitis vinifera l. var. kyoho. grapevine cuttings in a hydroponic system were exposed to cu-spiked solutions (0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, and 25 μm) with two ca backgrounds (0.5 and 5 mm) for 15 days. we found that when cu exposure exceeded 5 μm, no new white roots were generated from the cuttings. when exposed to a cu concentrati ... | 2013 | 24211513 |
| the role of hexokinases from grape berries (vitis vinifera l.) in regulating the expression of cell wall invertase and sucrose synthase genes. | in plants, hexokinase (hxk, ec 2.7.1.1) involved in hexose phosphorylation, plays an important role in sugar sensing and signaling. in this study, we found that at phase i of grape berry development, lower hexose (glucose or fructose) levels were concomitant with higher hxk activities and protein levels. after the onset of ripening, we demonstrated a drastic reduction in hxk activity and protein levels accompanied by a rising hexose level. therefore, our results revealed that hxk activity and pr ... | 2014 | 24213599 |
| effects of low nitrate and high sugar concentrations on anthocyanin content and composition of grape (vitis vinifera l.) cell suspension. | in pigmented cells of vitis vinifera suspension cultures, best accumulation of anthocyanins was obtained when nitrate concentration was reduced from 25 mm to 6.25 mm and when sucrose concentration was increased from 88 mm to 132 mm. under such conditions growth was greatly decreased. however, cell viability was maintained. the increases in anthocyanins in pigmented cells were due largely to increases in peonidin - glucoside. the high sucrose and the low nitrate concentrations can be one of the i ... | 1991 | 24213789 |
| accumulation of anthocyanins enhanced by a high osmotic potential in grape (vitis vinifera l.) cell suspensions. | a cell suspension of grape, vitis vinifera l. cv gamay fréaux, was grown under different conditions of water stress (high external osmotic potential) induced by an increase of sucrose concentration or by the addition of mannitol to the culture medium. best growth (cell density) was achieved in the low osmotic potential medium. increasing the osmotic potential of the medium from -0.5 mpa to -0.9 mpa medium resulted in a significant increase in accumulation of anthocyanins in pigmented cells. regu ... | 1990 | 24226599 |
| kanamycin sensitivity of cultured tissues of vitis. | the kanamycin sensitivity of callus growth and adventitious shoot and root formation was studied in several cultivars of vitis vinifera l. and in v. rupestris scheele cv. st. george to investigate the suitability of kanamycin resistance as a selectable marker for grape transformation. kanamycin concentrations ranged from 0 to 30 mg/l. carbenicillin was added to the medium in all experiments at concentrations of 500 or 250 mg/l, as normally used in cocultivation experiments with agrobacterium. ca ... | 1990 | 24226816 |
| biosynthesis of phenolic compounds invitis vinifera cell suspension cultures: study on hydroxycinnamoyl coa:ligase. | in cell suspensions cultures from grape berry pulp (vitis vinifera cv. gamay fréaux)hydroxycinnamoyl coa ligase (coal) displayed maximum activity (100 %) forp-coumaric acid and then, in decreasing order, for ferulic acid (81.3 %) and caffeic acid (60.4 %). no activity was detected with sinapic and cinnamic acids. the changes in coal activity during the growth cycle of the culture displayed two peaks : the highest (6 h after subculturing) was linked with a strong increase in protein caused by dil ... | 1989 | 24232993 |
| synthesis and characterization of surface-enhanced raman-scattered gold nanoparticles. | in this paper, we report a simple, rapid, and robust method to synthesize surface-enhanced raman-scattered gold nanoparticles (gnps) based on green chemistry. vitis vinifera l. extract was used to synthesize noncytotoxic raman-active gnps. these gnps were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light-scattering, fourier-transform infrared (ftir), transmission electron microscopy (tem), x-ray diffraction (xrd), and raman spectroscopy. the characteristic surface plasmon-resonanc ... | 2013 | 24235830 |
| vitis phylogenomics: hybridization intensities from a snp array outperform genotype calls. | understanding relationships among species is a fundamental goal of evolutionary biology. single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) identified through next generation sequencing and related technologies enable phylogeny reconstruction by providing unprecedented numbers of characters for analysis. one approach to snp-based phylogeny reconstruction is to identify snps in a subset of individuals, and then to compile snps on an array that can be used to genotype additional samples at hundreds or thousan ... | 2013 | 24236035 |
| embryogenic cell lines from somatic embryos of grape (vitis vinifera l.). | somatic embryo formation occurred on leaf callus of grape (vitis vinifera cv. koshusanjaku). an embryogenic callus was induced from somatic embryo clusters cultured on vitamin-, inositol- and glycine-free nitsch and nitsch (1969) medium supplemented with 1.0μm 2,4-d. this callus has retained a high embryogenic activity after repeated subculture on the same medium for over two years, and has produced numerous embryos after transfer to a hormone-free medium. the effect of cytokinin treatment on so ... | 1989 | 24240462 |
| nucleic acids in mummified plant seeds: screening of twelve specimens by gel-electrophoresis, molecular hybridization and dna cloning. | twelve seed specimens of varying ages and from different archaeological sites were analyzed for the presence of polymerized dna and rna. amongst the samples tested, one of vitis vinifera from an archaeological site in iran (2,000-3,000 b.c.) was found to be completely devoid of nucleic acids. zea mais seeds of precolumbial age from peru (about 800 a.d.) contained depolymerized dna and rna. samples of vitis vinifera and rubus sp. from a lombard archaeological site (800 a.d.) as well as radiocarbo ... | 1987 | 24241105 |
| whole-genome survey of the putative atp-binding cassette transporter family genes in vitis vinifera. | the atp-binding cassette (abc) protein superfamily constitutes one of the largest protein families known in plants. in this report, we performed a complete inventory of abc protein genes in vitis vinifera, the whole genome of which has been sequenced. by comparison with abc protein members of arabidopsis thaliana, we identified 135 putative abc proteins with 1 or 2 nbds in v. vinifera. of these, 120 encode intrinsic membrane proteins, and 15 encode proteins missing tmds. v. vinifera abc proteins ... | 2013 | 24244377 |
| characterization of a bifunctional o- and n-glucosyltransferase from vitis vinifera in glucosylating phenolic compounds and 3,4-dichloroaniline in pichia pastoris and arabidopsis thaliana. | 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, 2,6-dimethylphenol, 3-methylcatechol, phenol, hydroquinone, catechol, and 3,4-dichloroaniline are present in the environment and are risky to humans and animals because of their wide applications in many industries. in this study, a putative uridine diphosphate glucose-dependent glycosyltransferase from vitis vinifera (vvugt72b1) displayed high o-glucosyltransferase or n-glucosyltransferase activity toward all these xenbiotics and was able to enhance the resistance of p. p ... | 2013 | 24244688 |
| vegetative growth and cluster development in shiraz grapevines subjected to partial root-zone cooling. | heterogeneity in root-zone temperature both vertically and horizontally may contribute to the uneven vegetative and reproductive growth often observed across vineyards. an experiment was designed to assess whether the warmed half of a grapevine root zone could compensate for the cooled half in terms of vegetative growth and reproductive development. we divided the root system of potted shiraz grapevines bilaterally and applied either a cool or a warm treatment to each half from budburst to fruit ... | 2013 | 24244839 |
| the comparative analysis of the potential relationship between resveratrol and stilbene synthase gene family in the development stages of grapes (vitis quinquangularis and vitis vinifera). | resveratrol is positively correlated with grapevine disease resistance and its consumption is also highly beneficial to human health. hplc analyses showed that resveratrol content was significantly higher in most wild chinese grapevines than in most european vitis vinifera grapevine cvs. fruit of the wild chinese genotype vitis quinquangularis danfeng-2 contains much higher levels of resveratrol than some others. because stilbene synthase is responsible for resveratrol biosynthesis, 41 full-leng ... | 2014 | 24246671 |
| stimulation of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from anther culture of vitis vinifera cv. cabernet-sauvignon. | somatic embryogenesis and subsequent diploid plants have been obtained from anthers of vitis vinifera cabernet-sauvignon, a cultivar so far considered as recalcitrant to in vitro regeneration. anthers enclosing microspores near the first pollen mitosis were found to be the most responsive. however, from a practical point of view anther length proved to be an easier criterium for determining the optimal physiological anther stage. calli derived from the anther somatic tissues produced embryoids o ... | 1986 | 24248303 |
| extractive bioconversion of geraniol by a vitis vinifera cell suspension employing a two-phase system. | among the problems associated with the bioconversion of monoterpenes by plant cell suspensions are the toxicity of some substrates and/or products at low concentrations, the transient state of nascent products and the length of time required to obtain the cell suspension. we investigated the extractive bioconversion of geraniol by a vitis vinifera c.v. muscat de frontignan cell suspension in a two-phase system consisting of an aqueous nutrient phase surmounted by a lipid (miglyol 812) phase. thi ... | 1987 | 24248924 |
| the effect of vitis vinifera l. leaves extract on leishmania infantum. | vitis vinifera l.is a traditional asian herb widely used for different health problems. in the present research, the ethanolic and the aqueous extracts of vitis vinifera l. leaves collected from shrub, grown in tunisia, were prepared and evaluated for the antileishmanial activity against leishmani ainfantum promastigotes. the inhibitory concentration 50 (ic50) was determined and the results showed that the etahnolic extract is more active than the aqueous one (ic50= 0.108 mg/ml). microscopic obs ... | 2013 | 24250641 |
| biological evidence of an oviposition-deterring pheromone inlobesia botrana den. et schiff. (lepidoptera, tortricidae). | females of the european grapevine moth (lobesia botrana den. et schiff.) usually deposit isolated eggs on flowers and berries of the grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). we have investigated whether an epideictic pheromone could be present on the egg surface to explain this spacing behavior. about 21,000 eggs ofl. botrana were washed in cold methanol, and the biological activity was tested in a two-choice bioassay offering treated and nontreated areas. different dilutions of the extract were tested in ... | 1992 | 24254941 |
| metabolite profiling and network analysis reveal coordinated changes in grapevine water stress response. | grapevine metabolism in response to water deficit was studied in two cultivars, shiraz and cabernet sauvignon, which were shown to have different hydraulic behaviors (hochberg et al. physiol. plant. 147:443-453, 2012). | 2013 | 24256338 |
| the physiological role of malic enzyme in grape ripening. | the high specificity of malic enzyme (me; ec 1.1.1.40) from grape berries (vitis vinifera l.) for the naturally occurring l-enantiomer of malic acid, its very selective c4-decarboxylation, and certain allosteric properties, reported previously, favour the conjecture of a regulatory function of me in fruit malic acid degradation. on the other hand, high me activity was detected even during the acid-accumulating phase of berry development. also, the in vitro reversibility of the reaction supports ... | 1984 | 24258672 |
| biogenesis of monoterpenes : bioconversion of citral by a cell suspension culture of muscat grapes. | cell suspension cultures of "muscat de frontignan" grapes vitis vinifera l. are able to convert citral (a mixture of neral and geranial) into the corresponding monoterpenic alcohols, nerol and geraniol. the geraniol formed is esterified into geranyl acetate. bioconversion of nerol or geraniol added alone to the cell suspension was also studied. interconversions between these different monoterpenic compounds are described and discussed. | 1982 | 24259016 |
| members of the npf3 transporter subfamily encode pathogen-inducible nitrate/nitrite transporters in grapevine and arabidopsis. | vitis vinifera, the major grapevine species cultivated for wine production, is very susceptible to erysiphe necator, the causal agent of powdery mildew (pm). this obligate biotrophic fungal pathogen attacks both leaf and berry, greatly affecting yield and quality. to investigate possible mechanisms of nutrient acquisition by successful biotrophs, we characterized a candidate nitrate transporter1/peptide transporter family (npf, formerly nrt1/ptr) member, grapevine nfp3.2, that was up-regulated i ... | 2014 | 24259683 |
| a pilot, randomized controlled trial to examine the health outcomes of raisin consumption in patients with diabetes. | dried fruits, like their fresh homologues, contain relatively high concentrations of antioxidants. the aim of this study was to determine the health outcomes of raisin consumption on patients with diabetes. | 2014 | 24262513 |
| profiling the main cell wall polysaccharides of grapevine leaves using high-throughput and fractionation methods. | vitis species include vitis vinifera, the domesticated grapevine, used for wine and grape agricultural production and considered the world's most important fruit crop. a cell wall preparation, isolated from fully expanded photosynthetically active leaves, was fractionated via chemical and enzymatic reagents; and the various extracts obtained were assayed using high-throughput cell wall profiling tools according to a previously optimized and validated workflow. the bulk of the homogalacturonan-ri ... | 2014 | 24274496 |
| dormancy in somatic embryos and seeds ofvitis: changes in endogenous abscisic acid during embryogeny and germination. | abscisic acid (aba) in extracts of somatic embryos and seeds of gloryvine (vitis vinifera l.xv. rupestris scheele) was measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring using deuterated aba, (±)-[c-3me-(2)h3]aba, ([(2)h3]aba) as internal standard. the aba content increased rapidly during embryogeny (0.035 ng/embryo at the globular stage to 0.22 ng/embryo at the mature stage). the level of aba in the tissues of somatic embryos, expressed in ng/mg dry weight, decreased from ... | 1982 | 24275974 |
| the basic leucine zipper transcription factor abscisic acid response element-binding factor2 is an important transcriptional regulator of abscisic acid-dependent grape berry ripening processes. | in grape (vitis vinifera), abscisic acid (aba) accumulates during fruit ripening and is thought to play a pivotal role in this process, but the molecular basis of this control is poorly understood. this work characterizes abscisic acid response element-binding factor2 (vvabf2), a grape basic leucine zipper transcription factor belonging to a phylogenetic subgroup previously shown to be involved in aba and abiotic stress signaling in other plant species. vvabf2 transcripts mainly accumulated in t ... | 2014 | 24276949 |
| microbial biogeography of wine grapes is conditioned by cultivar, vintage, and climate. | wine grapes present a unique biogeography model, wherein microbial biodiversity patterns across viticultural zones not only answer questions of dispersal and community maintenance, they are also an inherent component of the quality, consumer acceptance, and economic appreciation of a culturally important food product. on their journey from the vineyard to the wine bottle, grapes are transformed to wine through microbial activity, with indisputable consequences for wine quality parameters. wine g ... | 2014 | 24277822 |
| potential of a multiparametric optical sensor for determining in situ the maturity components of red and white vitis vinifera wine grapes. | a nondestructive fluorescence-based technique for evaluating vitis vinifera l. grape maturity using a portable sensor (multiplex) is presented. it provides indices of anthocyanins and chlorophyll in cabernet sauvignon, merlot, and sangiovese red grapes and of flavonols and chlorophyll in vermentino white grapes. the good exponential relationship between the anthocyanin index and the actual anthocyanin content determined by wet chemistry was used to estimate grape anthocyanins from in field senso ... | 2013 | 24279372 |
| berry ripening: recently heard through the grapevine. | grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) is a non-climacteric fruit species used as table fruit, dried raisins, and for vinification (wines) and distillation (liquors). in recent years, our knowledge of the molecular basis of ripening regulation has improved. water status, light conditions, and temperature may hasten, delay, or enhance ripening. hormones seem to play a central role, as their concentrations change prior to and during ripening and in response to several environmental cues. the review summari ... | 2014 | 24285825 |
| a modern ampelography: a genetic basis for leaf shape and venation patterning in grape. | terroir, the unique interaction between genotype, environment, and culture, is highly refined in domesticated grape (vitis vinifera). toward cultivating terroir, the science of ampelography tried to distinguish thousands of grape cultivars without the aid of genetics. this led to sophisticated phenotypic analyses of natural variation in grape leaves, which within a palmate-lobed framework exhibit diverse patterns of blade outgrowth, hirsuteness, and venation patterning. here, we provide a morpho ... | 2014 | 24285849 |
| increase of fumonisin b2 and ochratoxin a production by black aspergillus species and oxidative stress in grape berries damaged by powdery mildew. | powdery mildew (pm), caused by the fungus erysiphe necator, is one of the most widespread fungal disease of grape and may cause extensive openings on the berry surface during the infection. we evaluated the effect of damage caused by pm in grape berries on the growth of and mycotoxin production by aspergillus and on the oxidative stress in infected berries. berries of vitis vinifera l. cv. negroamaro with sound skin (ss) and those naturally infected by pm were surface sterilized and inoculated w ... | 2013 | 24290677 |
| purification of antibiotics from the biocontrol agent streptomyces anulatus s37 by centrifugal partition chromatography. | a novel actinomycete strain, streptomyces anulatus s37, has been isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy moroccan vitis vinifera on the basis on its ability to promote grapevine growth and to induce natural defences against various phytopathogens. in the present work, the main bioactive metabolites produced by s. anulatus s37 were isolated. a crude n-buoh extract of the s37 fermentation broth was firstly partitioned in a biphasic solvent system composed of n-heptane, methanol, and water (5:1.5: ... | 2014 | 24291716 |
| detection of phytochrome-like genes from rhazya stricta (apocynaceae) using de novo genome assembly. | phytochrome-like genes in the wild plant species rhazya stricta decne were characterized using a de novo genome assembly of next generation sequence data. rhazya stricta contains more than 100 alkaloids with multiple pharmacological properties, and leaf extracts have been used to cure chronic rheumatism, to treat tumors, and in the treatment of several other diseases. phytochromes are known to be involved in the light-regulated biosynthesis of some alkaloids. phytochromes are soluble chromoprote ... | 2013 | 24296076 |
| perturbation of polyamine catabolism affects grape ripening of vitis vinifera cv. trincadeira. | grapes are economically the most important fruit worldwide. however, the complexity of biological events that lead to ripening of nonclimacteric fruits is not fully understood, particularly the role of polyamines' catabolism. the transcriptional and metabolic profilings complemented with biochemical data were studied during ripening of trincadeira grapes submitted to guazatine treatment, a potent inhibitor of polyamine oxidase activity. the mrna expression profiles of one time point (el 38) corr ... | 2014 | 24296250 |
| the coding region of the ufgt gene is a source of diagnostic snp markers that allow single-locus dna genotyping for the assessment of cultivar identity and ancestry in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). | vitis vinifera l. is one of society's most important agricultural crops with a broad genetic variability. the difficulty in recognizing grapevine genotypes based on ampelographic traits and secondary metabolites prompted the development of molecular markers suitable for achieving variety genetic identification. | 2013 | 24298902 |
| tissue origins, cell lineages and patterns of cell division in the developing dermal system of the frut of vitis vinifera l. | cell division during development of the dermal system of fruit of the grape cv. gordo is confined to the first growth period. the epidermis is conserved with anticlinal proliferative cell divisions providing for increase in cell number. the hypodermis is the layer of origin of the collenchymatous dermal system. six or seven layers are differentiated by periclinal cell divisions early in the first growth period, and later increase in size is obtained by proliferative anticlinal cell divisions. th ... | 1981 | 24302105 |
| assessment of flower number per inflorescence in grapevine by image analysis under field conditions. | flowers, flowering and fruit set are key determinants of grapevine yield. currently, practical methods to assess the flower number per inflorescence, necessary for fruit set estimation, are time and labour demanding. this work aims at developing a simple, cheap, fast, accurate and robust machine vision methodology to be applied to rgb images taken under field conditions, to estimate the number of flowers per inflorescence automatically. | 2014 | 24302287 |
| insights from the complete chloroplast genome into the evolution of sesamum indicum l. | sesame (sesamum indicum l.) is one of the oldest oilseed crops. in order to investigate the evolutionary characters according to the sesame genome project, apart from sequencing its nuclear genome, we sequenced the complete chloroplast genome of s. indicum cv. yuzhi 11 (white seeded) using illumina and 454 sequencing. comparisons of chloroplast genomes between s. indicum and the 18 other higher plants were then analyzed. the chloroplast genome of cv. yuzhi 11 contains 153,338 bp and a total of 1 ... | 2013 | 24303020 |
| microbial terroir for wine grapes. | 2014 | 24309378 | |
| isolation and characterization of isochorismate synthase and cinnamate 4-hydroxylase during salinity stress, wounding, and salicylic acid treatment in carthamus tinctorius. | salicylic acid (sa) is a prominent signaling molecule during biotic and abiotic stresses in plants biosynthesized via cinnamate and isochorismate pathways. cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (c4h) and isochorismate synthase (ics) are the main enzymes in phenylpropanoid and isochorismate pathways, respectively. to investigate the actual roles of these genes in resistance mechanism to environmental stresses, here, the coding sequences of these enzymes in safflower (carthamus tinctorius), as an oilseed indust ... | 2013 | 24309561 |
| solute accumulation differs in the vacuoles and apoplast of ripening grape berries. | phloem unloading is thought to switch from a symplastic route to an apoplastic route at the beginning of ripening in grape berries and some other fleshy fruits. however, it is unclear whether different solutes accumulate in both the mesocarp vacuoles and the apoplast. we modified a method developed for tomato fruit to extract apoplastic sap from grape berries and measured the changes in apoplastic and vacuolar ph, soluble sugars, organic acids, and potassium in ripening berries of vitis vinifera ... | 2014 | 24310282 |
| screening of various botanical extracts for antioxidant activity using dpph free radical method. | aiming at the exploration of herbal use by society, crude extracts of the seeds of some commonly used medicinal plants (vitis vinifera, tamarindus indica and glycin max) were screened for their free radical scavenging properties using ascorbic acid as standard antioxidant. free radical scavenging activity was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) free radical. the overall antioxidant activity of grape seeds (vitis vinifera) was the strongest, followed in descending order by soybea ... | 2013 | 24311867 |
| natural stilbenoids isolated from grapevine exhibiting inhibitory effects against hiv-1 integrase and eukaryote mos1 transposase in vitro activities. | polynucleotidyl transferases are enzymes involved in several dna mobility mechanisms in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. some of them such as retroviral integrases are crucial for pathogenous processes and are therefore good candidates for therapeutic approaches. to identify new therapeutic compounds and new tools for investigating the common functional features of these proteins, we addressed the inhibition properties of natural stilbenoids deriving from resveratrol on two models: the hiv-1 integras ... | 2013 | 24312275 |
| flowering in vitis: conversion of tendrils into inflorescences and bunches of grapes. | inflorescences and fruits with viable seeds were produced in place of tendrils in plants of vitis vinifera l. cv. "muscat of alexandria" and in a staminate hybrid grapevine (vitis vinifera x v. rupestris scheele) following repeated applications of 10-20 μl of 50-200 μm 6-(benzylamino)-9-(2-tetrahydropyranyl)-9h-purine (pba) to apices. young leaves, shoot tips and axillary buds were removed before the pba treatments were commenced. the number and weight of berries produced by inflorescences deriv ... | 1979 | 24317675 |
| the high polyphenol content of grapevine cultivar tannat berries is conferred primarily by genes that are not shared with the reference genome. | the grapevine (vitis vinifera) cultivar tannat is cultivated mainly in uruguay for the production of high-quality red wines. tannat berries have unusually high levels of polyphenolic compounds, producing wines with an intense purple color and remarkable antioxidant properties. we investigated the genetic basis of these important characteristics by sequencing the genome of the uruguayan tannat clone uy11 using illumina technology, followed by a mixture of de novo assembly and iterative mapping on ... | 2013 | 24319081 |
| an update on sugar transport and signalling in grapevine. | in addition to their role as a source of reduced carbon, sugars may directly or indirectly control a wide range of activities in plant cells, through transcriptional and post-translational regulation. this control has been studied in detail using arabidopsis thaliana, where genetic analysis offers many possibilities. much less is known about perennial woody species. for several years, various aspects of sugar sensing and signalling have been investigated in the grape (vitis vinifera l.) berry, a ... | 2014 | 24323501 |
| nitrogen fertilisation increases biogenic amines and amino acid concentrations in vitis vinifera var. riesling musts and wines. | wines rich in biogenic amines can cause adverse health effects to the consumer. being nitrogen-containing substances, the amount of amines in wines might be strongly influenced by the rate of nitrogen fertiliser application during grape production. the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilisation in the vineyard on the formation of biogenic amines in musts and wines. | 2014 | 24323937 |
| the evolutionary history and diverse physiological roles of the grapevine calcium-dependent protein kinase gene family. | calcium-dependent protein kinases (cdpks) are molecular switches that bind ca(2+), atp, and protein substrates, acting as sensor relays and responders that convert ca(2+) signals, created by developmental processes and environmental stresses, into phosphorylation events. the precise functions of the cdpks in grapevine (vitis vinifera) are largely unknown. we therefore investigated the phylogenetic relationships and expression profiles of the 17 cdpk genes identified in the 12x grapevine genome s ... | 2013 | 24324631 |
| vtcdb: a gene co-expression database for the crop species vitis vinifera (grapevine). | gene expression datasets in model plants such as arabidopsis have contributed to our understanding of gene function and how a single underlying biological process can be governed by a diverse network of genes. the accumulation of publicly available microarray data encompassing a wide range of biological and environmental conditions has enabled the development of additional capabilities including gene co-expression analysis (gca). gca is based on the understanding that genes encoding proteins inv ... | 2013 | 24341535 |