Publications

decomposition dynamic of higher plant pigments by hplc analysis.	the fate of the litter of dominant vegetation(willows and reeds) is one of the aspects studied in the frame of the project "onderzoek milieu effecten sigmaplan". one of the questions to be considered is how long the litter stays within the estuary. in this paper, the time the leaf litter (salix triandra and phragmites australis) stayed in the schelde estuary was studied by using plant pigment as biomarkers with hplc application. after analyzing the original data from the incubation experiment de ...	2004	15559826
metal dynamics of plant litter of spartina alterniflora and phragmites australis in metal-contaminated salt marshes. part 1: patterns of decomposition and metal uptake.	to investigate the decay rate and metal uptake in litter from two species of wetland plants, leaves and stems of senescent spartina alterniflora and phragmites australis (p) were obtained from the hackensack meadowlands (nj, usa) in october 1998, and their initial metal contents were determined. two types of s. alterniflora were obtained, one set from a natural site (ns) and one from a restored site (rs). leaves and stems were placed in separate litterbags, and samples of each type were reciproc ...	2004	15376538
[niche characteristics of plants on four environmental gradients in middle reaches of tarim river].	tarim river is the longest continental river in china. along its either bank, the natural vegetation belts are composed of arbors, shrubs and grasses. in this paper, the niche breadths and overlaps of nineteen species on four environmental gradients in the middle reaches of tarim river were calculated and analyzed. the results showed that the nineteen species could be divided into three groups, based on their average niche breadths. group one included populus euphratica, tamarix ramosissima, t. ...	2004	15334943
metal uptake, transport and release by wetland plants: implications for phytoremediation and restoration.	marshes have been proposed as sites for phytoremediation of metals. the fate of metals within plant tissues is a critical issue for effectiveness of this process. in this paper we review studies that investigate the effects of plants on metals in wetlands. while most of these marsh plant species are similar in metal uptake patterns and in concentrating metals primarily in roots, some species retain more of their metal burden in below ground structures than other species, which redistribute a gre ...	2004	15051245
occurrence of puccinia isiacae on phragmites australis in saudi arabia and its possibility as a biological control agent.	during the summer of 2002, symptoms of rust disease were observed for the first time on phragmites australis in saudi arabia. light brown lesions of regular shape indicating uredinia of puccinia isiacae appeared on the leaves. the morphology and characteristics of the fungus were described in detail with both light and scanning electron microscopy. the possibility of using this fungus as a biological control agent was also discussed.	2004	15462516
new, rare and remarkable microfungi from macedonia (greece).	on the occasion of the great excursion of the botanical institute of the university of essen in the year 2000 we were able to collect about 250 species of parasitic and saprophytic microfungi in eastern greece. dominant were ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and deuteromycetes, for example puccinia convolvuli on calystegia silvatica, puccinia caricina on carex flava, ramularia cynoglossi on cynoglossum creticum, phyllosticta juglandis and marssonina juglandis on juglans regia, erysiphe cynoglossi on e ...	2003	15151300
endophytic fungal mutualists: seed-borne stagonospora spp. enhance reed biomass production in axenic microcosms.	fungal endophytes mainly belong to the phylum ascomycota and colonize plants without producing symptoms. we report on the isolation of seed-borne fungal endophytes from phragmites australis (common reed) that were ascribed to the genus stagonospora. nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays revealed that a stagonospora sp. regularly colonized reed as shown for a period of three years. in spring, it was only detected in roots, whereas in autumn, it could frequently be found in all organs, inc ...	2003	12848423
[responses of interspecific relationships among main herbaceous plants to flooding disturbance in songnen plain, northeastern china].	to investigate the effects of flooding disturbance on the interspecific relationships among grassland plant species, a comparatively thorough study was conducted on sanjiadian national rangeland in the territory of da'an city, jilin province, which was partly flooded in 1998. the study site was located in the south of songnen plain, northeastern china, dominated by leymus chinensis grassland. along the flooding gradients (from un-flooded to heavily flooded) formed on an extensive mild slope take ...	2003	12973991
is the invasion of the common reed, phragmites australis, into tidal marshes of the eastern us an ecological disaster?	studies of effects of the invasive brackish marsh plant phragmites australis (common reed) on estuarine biota are reviewed. with few exceptions, most field studies indicate that these p. australis-dominated marshes have diverse and abundant benthic biota, and are utilized by nekton, comparable to spartina alterniflora marshes. however, larval mummichogs, fundulus heteroclitus, appear to be reduced in p. australis marshes compared with s. alterniflora marshes. small epifauna living on plant stems ...	2003	12837299
12co2 emission from different metabolic pathways measured in illuminated and darkened c3 and c4 leaves at low, atmospheric and elevated co2 concentration.	the detection of 12co2 emission from leaves in air containing 13co2 allows simple and fast determination of the co2 emitted by different sources, which are separated on the basis of their labelling velocity. this technique was exploited to investigate the controversial effect of co2 concentration on mitochondrial respiration. the 12co2 emission was measured in illuminated and darkened leaves of one c4 plant and three c3 plants maintained at low (30-50 ppm), atmospheric (350-400 ppm) and elevated ...	2003	12773522
spatial analysis of plant detritus processing in a mediterranean river type: the case of the river tirso basin, sardinia, italy.	the river continuum concept represents the most general framework addressing the spatial variation of both structure and function in river ecosystems. in the mediterranean ecoregion, summer drought events and dams constitute the main sources of local disturbance to the structure and functioning of river ecosystems occurring in the river basin. in this study, we analysed patterns of spatial variation of detritus processing in a 7th order river of the mediterranean ecoregion (river tirso, sardinia ...	2003	12765266
phytoremediation of selenium by two helophyte species in subsurface flow constructed wetland.	the phytoremediation of selenium by two different wetland species was investigated. selenium (20.4 microg/l) was supplied continuously to subsurface flow constructed wetlands, one vegetated with typha latifolia l. and the other with phragmites australis (cav.) trin. ex steud. the beds of both species had same hydraulic loading rate (0.079 m(3)/m(2)/d) and water retention time (24 h). however, the mass loading rate was 1.27 mg se/m(2)/d for phragmites and 1.35 mg se/m(2)/d for typha. in the typha ...	2003	12531701
[vegetation state and soil enzyme activities of copper tailing yard on tongguan mountain].	from the open investigation and laboratory analysis, this paper studied the vegetation state and soil enzyme activities of copper tailing yard of tongguan mountain. the results showed that there were 34 species of natural colonized plants on copper tailing yard, subordinated to 16 families and 33 genera, and regard herbs as principle, and many for 1-2 years old. the main families were compositae (10 species), gramineae (9 species) and legumineceae (2 species). hippochaete ramosissimum, which bel ...	2003	12924135
in vivo observation of conidial germination at the oxic-anoxic interface and infection of submerged reed roots by microdochium bolleyi.	the underground plant parts of reed (phragmites australis) growing in anoxic soil of the littoral zone of lakes are provided with oxygen via an aerenchyma. some of this oxygen is released into the rhizosphere, which creates a potential microhabitat for aerobic fungi. although fungal endophytes of reed have been shown to occur also in roots of flooded habitats, it is not known whether or how fungi can infect roots growing in anoxic or hypoxic soil. to study fungal infection of reed roots in the l ...	2003	19719598
effects of macrophytes and external carbon sources on nitrate removal from groundwater in constructed wetlands.	several microcosm wetlands unplanted and planted with five macrophytes (phragmites australis, commelina communis, penniserum purpureum, ipomoea aquatica, and pistia stratiotes) were employed to remove nitrate from groundwater at a concentration of 21-47 mg no3-n/l. in the absence of external carbon, nitrate removal rates ranged from 0.63 to 1.26 g no3-n/m2/day for planted wetlands. planted wetlands exhibited significantly greater nitrate removal than unplanted wetlands (p<0.01), indicating that ...	2002	12166674
leaf litter ecological fate in the schelde estuary in belgium.	two dominant species of willow(salix triandra) and reed (phragmites australis) along the schelde estuary(in belgium) were selected in this research. the pigments of higher plant was used as biomarkers, the decomposition process of the two species were studied after they fall into the schelde estuary. after statistical analysis (spearman rank order correlation, p < 0.05), the results has shown the decomposition dynamics pattern of the pigments, and the willow showed different pattern in comparing ...	2002	12491734
release into the environment of metals by two vascular salt marsh plants.	metals in contaminated salt marshes are mainly locked in the anaerobic layer of sediments, where they are tightly bound as sulfides and organic complexes. vascular plants survive in saturated soils in part by pumping o2 into their root zones, changing their microenvironment to an oxic one. this, along with chelating exudates, mobilizes metals, allowing uptake by the roots. we compared the common reed phragmites australis and cordgrass spartina alterniflora in lab and field studies for ways in wh ...	2002	12408582
reed (phragmites australis) decline in a brackish wetland in italy.	a comparative field study was carried out at two sites (a healthy site and a declining site) in a brackish wetland in northern italy, with the objective to investigate the symptoms and the possible causes leading to reed (phragmites australis) decline in this area. the declining reed plants presented many of the symptoms (clumping habit, smaller size, weaker culms, abnormal rhizome and root anatomy, low starch levels in rhizomes) comprised within the so-called reed die-back syndrome, frequently ...	2002	12054106
microcosm wetlands for wastewater treatment with different hydraulic loading rates and macrophytes.	constructed wetlands (cw) usually require large land areas for treating wastewater. this study evaluated the feasibility of applying cw with less land requirement by operating a group of microcosm wetlands at a hydraulic retention time (hrt) of less than 4 d in southern taiwan. an artificial wastewater, simulating municipal wastewater containing 200 mg l(-1) of chemical oxygen demand (cod), 20 mg l(-1) of nh4+-n (an), and 20 mg l(-1) of po4(3-)-p (op), was the inflow source. three emergent plant ...	2002	11931463
anthropogenic modification of new england salt marsh landscapes.	salt marshes play a critical role in the ecology and geology of wave-protected shorelines in the western atlantic, but as many as 80% of the marshes that once occurred in new england have already been lost to human development. here we present data that suggest that the remaining salt marshes in southern new england are being rapidly degraded by shoreline development and eutrophication. on the seaward border of these marshes, nitrogen eutrophication stimulated by local shoreline development is s ...	2002	11818525
four or more species of cladosporium sympatrically colonize phragmites australis.	a collection of cladosporium has been recovered from common reed growing at lake constance (germany). high-resolution cryo-scanning electron microscopy revealed that cladosporium isolates from reed are diverse. morphologically, we distinguished three species, viz. c. herbarum, c. oxysporum, and cladosporium sp. internal transcribed spacer (its) sequence analysis supported these results and, moreover, separated the most common species, c. oxysporum, into two subclades. two additional phylogenies ...	2002	11848674
phytoremediation of small-scale oil spills in fresh marsh environments: a mesocosm simulation.	research was conducted to assess the impact of oiling on fresh-marsh plant communities and to test the efficacy of techniques that may be used to enhance the bioremediation of crude oil spills in these environments while minimizing secondary anthropogenic impacts. to emulate field conditions, a mesocosm facility was used that houses 120 mesocosm vessels, each of 200-1 capacity. a five-way factorial treatment arrangement was used that included two substrates (inorganic, organic), two nutrient reg ...	2001	11570802
concentrations of heavy metals and plant nutrients in water, sediments and aquatic macrophytes of anthropogenic lakes (former open cut brown coal mines) differing in stage of acidification.	concentration of heavy metals (al, ba, cd, co, cr, cu, fe, mn, ni, pb, sr, v and zn) as well as macronutrients (n, p, k, ca, mg, s) were measured in water, bottom sediments and plants from anthropogenic lakes in west poland. the collected plants were: phragmites australis, potamogeton natans, iris pseudoacorus, juncus effusus, drepanocladus aduncus, juncus bulbosus, phalaris arundinacea, carex remota and calamagrostis epigeios. two reference lakes were sampled for nymphaea alba, phragmites austr ...	2001	11778963
a constructed surface flow wetland for treating agricultural waste waters.	a study was conducted between december 1997 and december 1998 in ne italy on a 3,200 m2 surface flow vegetated wetland receiving agricultural drainage water from a cultivated field of about 6 ha and occasional applications of organic wastes. the study aimed at evaluating: 1) biomass and seasonal nitrogen dynamics in above- and below-ground biomass of phragmites australis cav. (trin.) and typha latifolia (l.) grown in separate zones; 2) the effectiveness of the wetland in removing nutrients and s ...	2001	11804144
a gac biofilm reactor for the continuous degradation of 4-chlorophenol: treatment efficiency and microbial analysis.	using a continuous enrichment technique, a bacterial consortium capable of degrading 4-chlorophenol (4-cp) was obtained from the rhizosphere of phragmites australis. a granular activated carbon (gac) biofilm reactor was established using this consortium, and the degradation of 4-cp was investigated under continuous flow operation using a feed of 20-50 mg l(-1) with a hydraulic residence time of 17 min over a 6-month period. chloride liberation occurred throughout the operation, and the reactor h ...	2001	11759696
lead uptake, distribution, and effects in two dominant salt marsh macrophytes, spartina alterniflora (cordgrass) and phragmites australis (common reed).	we examined biomass accumulation, tissue concentrations of lead (pb), and net uptake of pb in phragmites australis (common reed) and spartina alterniflora (salt cord grass) grown under greenhouse conditions in sediment of different pb concentrations. sediment and newly emerged ramets of each plant species were collected in april 1999 from tuckerton, nj, a relatively clean salt marsh. one-gallon pots were filled with either control sediment (29 microg g(-1) pb) or pb-added sediment (68 microg g(- ...	2001	11693635
toxicity evaluation of natural and synthetic phenanthrenes in aquatic systems.	seven natural 9,10-dihydrophenanthrenes were isolated from the common reed juncus effusus by means of chromatographic processes and identified by spectroscopic means. furthermore, mimics of natural isolated compounds were synthesized to try to evaluate the influence of functional groups on the dihydrophenanthrene skeleton. syntheses of compounds were based on the cross-coupling of 1-(2-iodo-5-methoxy)phenyl-ethanol with variously substituted iodobenzenes by zerovalent nickel. all the chemicals w ...	2001	11491568
heavy metal contents in reed plants (phragmites australis) along the river scheldt.		2001	15954281
uptake, effects, and metabolism of cyanobacterial toxins in the emergent reed plant phragmites australis (cav.) trin. ex steud.	the commonly occurring cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-lr (mc-lr) was rapidly taken up by the emergent reed plant phragmites australis with clear distribution in the different cormus parts of the plant. highest uptake was detected in the stem, followed by the rhizome. enzyme extracts of the rhizome system, the stem, and the leaf revealed the presence of soluble glutathione s-transferases (sgst) measured with the model substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. a significant elevation of sgst activi ...	2001	11345462
controlled drainage and wetlands to reduce agricultural pollution: a lysimetric study.	controlled drainage and wetlands could be very effective practices to control nitrogen pollution in the low-lying agricultural plains of northeast italy, but they are not as popular as in other countries. an experiment on lysimeters was therefore carried out in 1996-1998, with the double aim of obtaining local information to encourage the implementation of these practices and to gain more knowledge on the effects involved. controlled drainage + subirrigation and wetlands were all considered as n ...	2001	11476512
reed bed dewatering of agricultural sludges and slurries.	in trials at rugeley, uk, reed beds were used for dewatering agricultural sludges and slurries. three beds, each of 3.5 m2, were employed, two planted with phragmites australis, the third left unplanted as control. the sludge contained partly oxidised solids from a biological aerated filter (baf) treating weak pig slurry. it was supplemented with untreated settled pig slurry. following reed establishment planted bed a was fed at a constant similar rate to the unplanted control bed c. the second ...	2001	11804149
an experimental constructed wetland system for the treatment of highway runoff in the uk.	this paper compares the performance of an experimental highway runoff treatment system, incorporating a subsurface flow constructed wetland, with that of a vegetated balancing pond. both systems are located on the same major road in the uk which opened in november 1998. copper, chromium and nickel total aqueous metal concentrations, although low, have been consistently removed (maximum efficiencies of 67.3, 69.8 and 87.0% respectively in the constructed wetland), particularly in the summer. zinc ...	2001	11804152
comparison of metabolisable energy values of different foodstuffs determined in ostriches and poultry.	apparent (amen) and true (tmen) metabolisable energy values, corrected for nitrogen retention, of wheat bran, saltbush (atriplex nummularia), common reed (phragmites australis), lupins, soyabean oil cake meal (sbocm), sunflower oil cake meal (sfocm) and fishmeal were compared in 7 successive trials using 12 mature south african black ostriches and 10 adult australorp cockerels per ingredient. tmen values of 11.91, 7.09, 8.67, 14.61, 13.44, 10.79 and 15.13 mj/kg for wheat bran, saltbush, common r ...	1999	10579407
ige antibodies to recombinant pollen allergens (phl p 1, phl p 2, phl p 5, and bet v 2) account for a high percentage of grass pollen-specific ige.	pollen from different grass species are some of the most potent elicitors of type i allergy worldwide. the characterization of antigenic structures and ige epitopes common to different grass species is relevant to define reagents for diagnosis and specific therapy of grass pollen allergy.	1998	9500760
clinical significance of aero-allergen identification in the western cape.	positive identification and documentation of the seasonal variation of aero-allergens and the immune responses to them has important implications for the timing of allergen avoidance measures and the selection of patients suitable for immunotherapy. the relative abundance of aero-allergens in the cape peninsula during 1984-1987 was measured by continuous volumetric air sampling, using a burkard spore trap. mould spore counts of greater than 3,000 spores/m3 were found throughout the year and were ...	1991	1989093
trace elements in soil and biota in confined disposal facilities for dredged material.	we studied the relation of trace element concentrations in soil to those in house mice (mus musculus), common reed (phragmites australis) and ladybugs (coccinella septempunctata at five disposal facilities for dredged material. the sites had a wide range of soil trace element concentrations, acid soils and a depauperate fauna. they were very poor wildlife habitat because they were dominated by the common reed. bioassay earthworms exposed to surface soils from three of the five sites died, wherea ...	1990	15092276
investigations of the host range of the corn cyst nematode, heterodera zeae, from maryland.	the host range of the corn cyst nematode, heterodera zeae, recently detected in maryland, was investigated. a total of 269 plant entries, representing 68 families, 172 genera, and 204 species, was inoculated with cysts or a mixture of eggs and second-stage juveniles of h. zeae. the host range of the maryland population of h. zeae was limited to plants of the gramineae and included 11 tribes, 33 genera, 42 species, and 77 entries. all 22 corn (zea mays) cultivars tested were hosts. other economic ...	1987	19290286