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domestic wastewaters reuse reclaimed by an improved horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetland: a case study in the southeast of spain.the aim of this case study was to assess the performance of a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (hf-cw) located in southeastern spain, filled with blast furnace slags (bfs), planted with phragmites australis and designed to treat artificially aerated domestic wastewater to produce effluents suitable for agriculture reuse. the water quality parameters, included in the spanish regulations for reclaimed wastewater reuse as agricultural quality 2.1, were monitored for one year. data for ...201728285214
structure and function of the bacterial communities during rhizoremediation of hexachlorobenzene in constructed wetlands.vertical flow constructed wetlands (vf cws) are considered to be effective for treating organic pollutants. the rhizosphere of macrophytes such as phragmites sp., typha sp. serves as an active and dynamic zone for the microbial degradation of organic pollutants. however, it is still not clear how soil bacterial communities respond to macrophytes and pollutants during the process. for this purpose, the seedlings of phragmites australis and typha angustifolia were planted respectively in the vf cw ...201728316049
in vitro screening and evaluation of 37 traditional chinese medicines for their potential to activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-γ.peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (ppar)-γ is widely used as an attractive target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. thiazolidinediones, the agonists of pparγ, has been popularly utilized as insulin sensitizers in the therapy of type 2 diabetes whereas numerous severe side-effects may also occur concomitantly.201727076748
abundance and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of three plants in the ebinur lake wetland.ammonia oxidation is carried out by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (aob) and ammonia oxidizing archaea (aoa). the ebinur lake wetland is the best example of a temperate arid zone wetland ecosystem in china. soil samples were collected from rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil containing halocnemum strobilaceum (h and h'), phragmites australis (r and r'), and kareliniacaspia (k and k') to study the relationship between environmental factors and the community structure of aob and aoa. phylogenetic ana ...201728249125
monitoring and assessment of heavy metal contamination in a constructed wetland in shaoguan (guangdong province, china): bioaccumulation of pb, zn, cu and cd in aquatic and terrestrial components.the objective of this study is to evaluate the current status of heavy metal concentrations in constructed wetland, shaoguan (guangdong, china). sediments, three wetland plants (typha latifolia, phragmites australis, and cyperus malaccensis), and six freshwater fish species [carassius auratus (goldfish), cirrhinus molitorella (mud carp), ctenopharyngodon idellus (grass carp), cyprinus carpio (wild common carp), nicholsicypris normalis (mandarin fish), sarcocheilichthys kiangsiensis (minnows)] in ...201727164879
geographic variation in apparent competition between native and invasive phragmites australis.apparent competition, the negative interaction between species mediated by shared natural enemies, is thought to play an important role in shaping the structure and dynamics of natural communities. however, its importance in driving species invasions, and whether the strength of this indirect interaction varies across the latitudinal range of the invasion, has not been fully explored. we performed replicated field experiments at four sites spanning 900 km along the atlantic coast of the united s ...201727861789
biogas properties and enzymatic analysis during anaerobic fermentation of phragmites australis straw and cow dung: influence of nickel chloride supplement.the importance of nickel (added as nicl2) on mesophilic anaerobic fermentation of phragmites australis straw and cow dung was demonstrated by investigating the biogas properties, ph values, organic matter degradation [chemical oxygen demand (cod)] and enzyme activities (cellulase, protease and dehydrogenase) during the fermentation process. the results showed that ni(2+) addition increased the cumulative biogas yields by >18 % by improving the efficiency of first peak stage and bringing forward ...201727718040
copper tolerance of the biomass crops elephant grass (pennisetum purpureum schumach), vetiver grass (vetiveria zizanioides) and the upland reed (phragmites australis) in soil culture.pot trials were conducted to study the influence of copper (cu) on the growth and biomass of elephant grass (eg, pennisetum purpureum schumach), vetiver grass (vg, vetiveria zizanioides) and the upland reed (ur, phragmites australis). cu toxicity in eg, vg and ur was positively correlated with the total and bioavailable cu concentrations in the soil. based on the ec50, dry weights, cu contents, chlorophyll contents and photosynthesis rates, the cu tolerance of the three species followed the tren ...201619393734
microbial density and diversity in constructed wetland systems and the relation to pollutant removal efficiency.microbes are believed to be at the core of the wastewater treatment processes in constructed wetlands (cws). the aim of this study was to assess the microbial biomass carbon (mbc) and shannon's diversity index (sdi) in the substrate of cws planted with phragmites australis, hymenocallis littoralis, canna indica and cyperus flabelliformis, and to relate mbc and sdi to the pollutant removal in the systems. significant higher mbc was observed in cws with h. littoralis and c. indica than in cws with ...201626877053
heavy metal bioaccumulation in sediment, common reed, algae, and blood worm from the shoor river, iran.concentrations of 11 metals (cadmium, zinc, copper (cu), vanadium (v), lead, magnesium (mg), manganese, aluminum, iron (fe), chromium (cr), and nickel), and one metalloid (arsenic (as)) were measured in sediment, common reed (phragmites australis), algae (spirogyra sp.), and blood worm (chironomus sp.) tissues of samples collected from the shoor river. samples were dried, acid digested, and the concentrations of metals were measured using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer. ...201624105065
capacity and mechanisms of ammonium and cadmium sorption on different wetland-plant derived biochars.the objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between cd(2+)/nh4(+) sorption and physicochemical properties of biochars produced from different wetland plants. biochars from six species of wetland plants (i.e., canna indica, pennisetum purpureum schum, thalia dealbata, zizania caduciflora, phragmites australis and vetiveria zizanioides) were obtained at 500°c and characterized, and their sorption for ammonium and cadmium was determined. there were significant differences in ele ...201626386447
herbaspirillum sp. strain gw103 alleviates salt stress in brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis.mutual interactions between plant and rhizosphere bacteria facilitate plant growth and reduce risks of biotic and abiotic stresses. the present study demonstrates alleviation of salt stress in brassica rapa l. ssp. perkinensis (chinese cabbage) by herbaspirillum sp. strain gw103 isolated from rhizosphere soil of phragmites australis. the strain was capable of producing plant beneficial factors, such as auxin, siderophore, and 1-aminocylopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase. treatment of strain gw ...201626358119
bpa and np removal from municipal wastewater by tropical horizontal subsurface constructed wetlands.it has been recognized that numerous synthetic compounds like bisphenol a (bpa) and nonylphenols (np) are present in effluents from wastewater treatment plants (wwtp) at levels of parts per billion (μg l(-1)) or even parts per trillion (ng l(-1)) with a high potential to cause endocrine disruption in the aquatic environment. constructed wetlands (cw) are a cost-effective wastewater treatment alternative with promising performance to treat these afore mentioned compounds. this research was aimed ...201626519570
uptake, translocation and metabolism of decabromodiphenyl ether (bde-209) in seven aquatic plants.terrestrial plant uptake of pbdes from contaminated soils has been widely reported recently. in this study the fate of deca-bde within a plant/pbdes/aquatic environment system was investigated through simulated pot experiments. accumulations of the total pbdes and deca-bde were observed in tissues of seven test aquatic plant species, namely phragmites australis, cyperus papyrus, alternanthera philoxeroides, colocasia esculenta, scirpus validus, acorus calamus and oryza sativa. in all seven plant ...201626994429
accumulation of cr, cd, pb, cu, and zn by plants in tanning sludge storage sites: opportunities for contamination bioindication and phytoremediation.tanning sludge enriched with high concentrations of cr and other metals has adverse effects on the environment. plants growing in the metalliferous soils may have the ability to cope with high metal concentrations. this study focuses on potentials of using native plants for bioindication and/or phytoremediation of cr-contaminated sites. in the study, we characterized plants and soils from six tanning sludge storage sites. soil in these sites exhibited toxic levels of cr (averaged 16,492 mg kg(-1 ...201627552994
effect of cd⁺² on phosphate solubilizing abilities and hydrogen peroxide production of soil-borne micromycetes isolated from phragmites australis-rhizosphere.the aims of this work were to evaluate the phosphate-solubilization and hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) production by the soil-borne micromycetes, aspergillus japonicus, penicillium italicum and penicillium dipodomyicola, isolated from phragmites australis rhizosphere and to study the effect of several concentrations of cadmium (cd(2+)) on both variables. our results showed that p. italicum achieved a higher p-solubilization and h2o2 production than a. japonicus and p. dipodomyicola, as only p. italicu ...201626646403
cascade of ecological consequences for west nile virus transmission when aquatic macrophytes invade stormwater habitats.artificial aquatic habitats are ubiquitous in anthropogenic landscapes and highly susceptible to colonization by invasive plant species. recent research into the ecology of infectious diseases indicates that the establishment of invasive plant species can trigger ecological cascades which alter the transmission dynamics of vector-borne pathogens that imperil human health. here, we examined whether the presence or management of two invasive, emergent plants, cattails (typha spp.) and phragmites ( ...201627039521
ailanthus altissima and phragmites australis for chromium removal from a contaminated soil.the comparative effectiveness for hexavalent chromium removal from irrigation water, using two selected plant species (phragmites australis and ailanthus altissima) planted in soil contaminated with hexavalent chromium, has been studied in the present work. total chromium removal from water was ranging from 55 % (phragmites) to 61 % (ailanthus). after 360 days, the contaminated soil dropped from 70 (initial) to 36 and 41 mg cr/kg (dry soil), for phragmites and ailanthus, respectively. phragmites ...201627146531
functional role of bacteria from invasive phragmites australis in promotion of host growth.we hypothesize that bacterial endophytes may enhance the competitiveness and invasiveness of phragmites australis. to evaluate this hypothesis, endophytic bacteria were isolated from p. australis. the majority of the shoot meristem isolates represent species from phyla firmicutes, proteobacteria, and actinobacteria. we chose one species from each phylum to characterize further and to conduct growth promotion experiments in phragmites. bacteria tested include bacillus amyloliquefaciens a9a, achro ...201627260154
occurrence, diversity and community structure of culturable atrazine degraders in industrial and agricultural soils exposed to the herbicide in shandong province, p.r. china.soil populations of bacteria rapidly degrading atrazine are critical to the environmental fate of the herbicide. an enrichment bias from the routine isolation procedure prevents studying the diversity of atrazine degraders. in the present work, we analyzed the occurrence, diversity and community structure of soil atrazine-degrading bacteria based on their direct isolation.201627821056
yeasts associated with an abandoned mining area in pernek and their tolerance to different chemical elements.four plants, cirsium arvense (creeping thistle), equisetum arvense (field horsetail), oxalis acetosella (wood sorrel) and phragmites australis (common reed), which grew in an abandoned sb-mining area in pernek (malé karpaty mts., slovakia), were investigated for the yeast species. yeasts were isolated from both the leaves of the plants and the soil adjacent to the plants. in total, 65 yeast cultures, belonging to 11 ascomycetous and 5 basidiomycetous yeast species, were isolated. the species mos ...201626358066
perturbation and delayed recovery of the reed invertebrate assemblage in camargue marshes sprayed with bacillus thuringiensis israelensis.bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti) is the most commonly used larvicide to control mosquitoes worldwide. considered as nontoxic to most organisms, bti can nevertheless cause trophic perturbations to natural communities by reducing the abundance of chironomidae, which are a key element of wetland food webs. since august 2006, up to 8400 of the 33 000 ha of mosquito larval biotopes in the camargue (rhône delta, in southern france), are monitored by a public agency and bti-sprayed (aqueou ...201627794203
isolation, cloning, and characterization of a partial novel aro a gene in common reed (phragmites australis).among the essential amino acids, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine are aromatic amino acids which are synthesized by the shikimate pathway in plants and bacteria. herbicide glyphosate can inhibit the biosynthesis of these amino acids. so, identification of the gene tolerant to glyphosate is very important. it has been shown that the common reed or phragmites australis cav. (poaceae) is relatively tolerant to glyphosate.201525474478
uptake of carbamazepine by rhizomes and endophytic bacteria of phragmites australis.carbamazepine is an antiepileptic and mood-stabilizing drug which is used widely in europe and north america. in the environment, it is found as a persistent and recalcitrant contaminant, being one of the most prominent hazardous pharmaceuticals and personal care products in effluents of wastewater treatment plants. phragmites australis is one of the species with both, the highest potential of detoxification and phytoremediation. it has been used successfully in the treatment of industrial and mun ...201525750647
a rhizosphere-associated symbiont, photobacterium spp. strain meld1, and its targeted synergistic activity for phytoprotection against mercury.though heavy metal such as mercury is toxic to plants and microorganisms, the synergistic activity between them may offer benefit for surviving. in this study, a mercury-reducing bacterium, photobacterium spp. strain meld1, with an mic of 33 mg x kg(-1) mercury was isolated from a severely mercury and dioxin contaminated rhizosphere soil of reed (phragmites australis). while the whole genome sequencing of meld1 confirmed the presence of a mer operon, the mercury reductase mera gene showed 99% se ...201525816328
genome sequence of photobacterium halotolerans meld1, with mercury reductase (mera), isolated from phragmites australis.here, we present the whole-genome sequence of photobacterium halotolerans strain, meld1, isolated from the roots of a terrestrial plant phragmites australis grown in soil heavily contaminated with mercury and dioxin. the genome provides further insight into the adaptation of bacteria to the toxic environment from where it was isolated.201526044418
ornamental plants for micropollutant removal in wetland systems.the objective of this paper was to evaluate the efficiency of micropollutant removal, such as cu, zn, carbamazepine, and linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (las), through the use of a subsurface vertical flow constructed wetland system with ornamental plants. zantedeschia aethiopica, canna indica, carex hirta, miscanthus sinensis, and phragmites australis were selected and planted in lysimeters filled up with gravel. the lysimeters were completely saturated with synthetic wastewater (n 280 mg l(-1), ...201524798922
susceptibility of wild passerines to subtype h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses.highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) viruses of the h5n1 subtype have spread throughout many areas of asia, europe and africa, and numerous cases of hpai outbreaks in domestic and wild birds have been reported. although recent studies suggest that the dissemination of h5n1 viruses is closely linked to the migration of wild birds, information on the potential for viral infection in species other than poultry and waterfowl is relatively limited. to investigate the susceptibility of terrestrial ...201526274569
toxicity of some plant extracts against vector of lymphatic filariasis, culex pipiens.many insecticides are generally used as larvicides to control culex pipiens, vector of lymphatic filariasis. this study was undertaken to evaluate the larvicidal activity of some potential larvicidal plants extracts against c. pipiens larvae. the toxic effects of both ethanolic and petroleum ether plant extracts were evaluated under laboratory conditions against 3rd instar larvae of c. pipiens. forty ethanolic and petroleum ether extracts of 10 plants namely echinochloa stagninum, phragmites aus ...201526012233
remediation of sediment and water contaminated by copper in small-scaled constructed wetlands: effect of bioaugmentation and phytoextraction.the use of plants and microorganisms to mitigate sediment contaminated by copper was studied in microcosms that mimic the functioning of a stormwater basin (swb) connected to vineyard watershed. the impact of phytoremediation and bioaugmentation with siderophore-producing bacteria on the fate of cu was studied in two contrasted (batch vs. semi-continuous) hydraulic regimes. the fate of copper was characterised following its discharge at the outlet of the microcosms, its pore water concentration ...201525106519
screening of 18 species for digestate phytodepuration.this experiment assesses the aptitude of 18 species in treating the digestate liquid fraction (dlf) in a floating wetland treatment system. the pilot system was created in ne italy in 2010 and consists of a surface-flow system with 180 floating elements (tech-ia®) vegetated with ten halophytes and eight other wetland species. the species were transplanted in july 2011 in basins filled with different proportions of dlf/water (dlf/w); periodic increasing of the dlf/w ratio was imposed after transp ...201525005162
third report of allochaetophoridae reck, 1959 (acari: trombidiformes) based on the description of a new species from iran.a new mite species allochaetophora iranica sp. nov. (tetranychoidea: allochaetophoridae), is described and illustrated based on females and deutonymphs collected from phragmites australis (poaceae) in iran (kerman province). this is the third report of the family allochaetophoridae for the world and first report of it from asia.201526623860
isolation and screening of rhizosphere bacteria from grasses in east kavango region of namibia for plant growth promoting characteristics.a diverse group of soil bacteria known as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) is able to inhabit the area close to plant roots and exert beneficial effects on plant growth. beneficial interactions between rhizospheric bacteria and plants provide prospects for isolating culturable pgpr that can be used as bio-fertilizers for sustainable crop production in communities that cannot easily afford chemical fertilizers. this study was conducted with the aim of isolating rhizospheric bacteria fr ...201526254764
phytoremediation of textile dyes and effluents: current scenario and future prospects.phytoremediation has emerged as a green, passive, solar energy driven and cost effective approach for environmental cleanup when compared to physico-chemical and even other biological methods. textile dyes and effluents are condemned as one of the worst polluters of our precious water bodies and soils. they are well known mutagenic, carcinogenic, allergic and cytotoxic agents posing threats to all life forms. plant based treatment of textile dyes is relatively new and hitherto has remained an un ...201526386310
differing daphnia magna assimilation efficiencies for terrestrial, bacterial, and algal carbon and fatty acids.there is considerable interest in the pathways by which carbon and growth-limiting elemental and biochemical nutrients are supplied to upper trophic levels. fatty acids and sterols are among the most important molecules transferred across the plant-animal interface of food webs. in lake ecosystems, in addition to phytoplankton, bacteria and terrestrial organic matter are potential trophic resources for zooplankton, especially in those receiving high terrestrial organic matter inputs. we therefor ...201424669748
livestock as a potential biological control agent for an invasive wetland plant.invasive species threaten biodiversity and incur costs exceeding billions of us$. eradication efforts, however, are nearly always unsuccessful. throughout much of north america, land managers have used expensive, and ultimately ineffective, techniques to combat invasive phragmites australis in marshes. here, we reveal that phragmites may potentially be controlled by employing an affordable measure from its native european range: livestock grazing. experimental field tests demonstrate that rotati ...201425276502
susceptibility of riparian wetland plants to perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa) accumulation.as plants have been shown to accumulate organic compounds from contaminated sediments, there is a potential for long-lasting ecological impact as a result of contaminant accumulation in riparian areas of wetlands, particularly the accumulation of non-biodegradable contaminants such as perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa). in this study, commonly found riparian wetland plants including reeds, i.e., xanthium strumarium, phragmites australis, schoenoplectus corymbosus, ruppia maritime; populus canescens, ...201424933893
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal mediation of plant-plant interactions in a marshland plant community.obligate aerobic amf taxa have high species richness under waterlogged conditions, but their ecological role remains unclear. here we focused on am fungal mediation of plant interactions in a marshland plant community. five cooccurring plant species were chosen for a neighbor removal experiment in which benomyl was used to suppress amf colonization. a phragmites australis removal experiment was also performed to study its role in promoting amf colonization by increasing rhizosphere oxygen concen ...201424693254
effects of organochlorines on microbial diversity and community structure in phragmites australis rhizosphere.this study investigated the impacts of an organochlorine (oc, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane and chlorobenzenes) mixture on microbial communities associated to phragmites australis rhizosphere. seventy-eight distinct colony morphotypes were isolated, cultivated and analysed by 16s rdna sequence analysis. toxicity tests confirmed sensitivity (e.g. hevizibacter, acidovorax) or tolerance (e.g. bacillus, aeromonas, pseudomonas, sphingomonas) of isolates. rhizosphere analysis by pyrosequencing showed the mi ...201424504457
fungal planet description sheets: 281-319.novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from south africa: alanphillipsia aloeicola from aloe sp., arxiella dolichandrae from dolichandra unguiscati, ganoderma austroafricanum from jacaranda mimosifolia, phacidiella podocarpi and phaeosphaeria podocarpi from podocarpus latifolius, phyllosticta mimusopisicola from mimusops zeyheri and sphaerulina pelargonii from pelargonium sp. furthermore, barssia maroccana is described from cedrus atlantica (morocco), codinae ...201425737601
culturable fungal endophytes isolated from the roots of coastal plants inhabiting korean east coast.twelve plant species were collected from the east coast of korea to identify culturable endophytes present in their roots. the fungal internal transcribe spacer (its) region (its1-5.8srrna-its2) was used as a dna barcode for identification of fungi. a total of 194 fungal strains were identified and categorized into 31 genera. the genus penicillium accounted for the largest number of strains, followed by the genus aspergillus. furthermore, using 5 statistical methods, the diversity indices of the ...201425071377
fungal planet description sheets: 214-280.novel species of microfungi described in the present study include the following from south africa: cercosporella dolichandrae from dolichandra unguiscati, seiridium podocarpi from podocarpus latifolius, pseudocercospora parapseudarthriae from pseudarthria hookeri, neodevriesia coryneliae from corynelia uberata on leaves of afrocarpus falcatus, ramichloridium eucleae from euclea undulata and stachybotrys aloeticola from aloe sp. (south africa), as novel member of the stachybotriaceae fam. nov. s ...201425264390
cloning and characterization of a phragmites australis phytochelatin synthase (papcs) and achieving cd tolerance in tall fescue.the production of phytochelatins (pcs) provides an important means for plants to achieve tolerance to cadmium (cd) toxicity. a reed gene encoding pc synthase (papcs) was isolated and its function tested through its heterologous expression in a strain of yeast sensitive to cd. subsequently, the cd sensitive and high biomass accumulating species tall fescue was transformed either with papcs or pagcs (a glutamyl cysteine synthetase gene of reed) on their own (single transformants), or with both gen ...201425133575
bioaccumulation of selected metals in bivalves (unionidae) and phragmites australis inhabiting a municipal water reservoir.urbanization can considerably affect water reservoirs by, inter alia, input, and accumulation of contaminants including metals. located in the course of river cybina, maltański reservoir (western poland) is an artificial shallow water body built for recreation and sport purposes which undergoes restoration treatment (drainage) every 4 years. in the present study, we demonstrate an accumulation of nine metals (cd, co, cr, cu, fe, mn, ni, pb, zn) in water, sediment, three bivalve species (anodonta ...201424407963
phytomediated biostimulation of the autochthonous bacterial community for the acceleration of the depletion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in contaminated sediments.polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) are a large group of organic contaminants causing hazards to organisms including humans. the objective of the study was to validate the vegetation of dredged sediments with phragmites australis as an exploitable biostimulation approach to accelerate the depletion of pahs in nitrogen spiked sediments. vegetation with phragmites australis resulted in being an efficient biostimulation approach for the depletion of an aged pahs contamination (229.67 ± 15.56 μg ...201425170516
increased invasive potential of nonnative phragmites australis: elevated co2 and temperature alleviate salinity effects on photosynthesis and growth.the prospected rise in atmospheric co2 and temperature may change the distribution and invasive potential of a species; and intraspecific invasive lineages may respond differently to climate change. in this study, we simulated a future climate scenario with simultaneously elevated atmospheric co2 and temperature, and investigated its interaction with soil salinity, to assess the effects of global change on the ecophysiology of two competing haplotypes of the wetland grass phragmites australis, t ...201323913622
tech-ia floating system introduced in urban wastewater treatment plants in the veneto region - italy.the performance of three integrated wetland treatment plants (horizontal sub-surface flow (h-ssf) and floating treatment wetland (ftw) with differentiated primary treatments) designed for treating domestic wastewater was investigated, monitoring total (tn), nitrate (no3-n), nitrite (no2-n) and ammonia nitrogen (nh4-n), total (tp) and phosphate phosphorus (po4-p), chemical (cod) and biological oxygen demand (bod5), and dissolved oxygen (do) at the inlet and outlet of each wetland section from feb ...201324037167
[effects of biochar covering on the release of pollutants from sediment].in order to study the effects of biochar on the release of pollutants from sediment, arundo donax, phragmites australis, arachis hypogaea and zea mays were pyrolyzed into biochar. biochar was used to cover the contaminated sediment in the simulated reactors. concentrations of nh4(+) -n, no3(-) -n, no2(-) -n, cod and p4(3-) -p were continuously monitored, and the cumulative release amount and release rate were calculated. besides that, the release amount of water-soluble nh4(+) -n and po4(3-) -p ...201324191550
a phylogenetic re-evaluation of arthrinium.although the genus arthrinium (sexual morph apiospora) is commonly isolated as an endophyte from a range of substrates, and is extremely interesting for the pharmaceutical industry, its molecular phylogeny has never been resolved. based on morphology and dna sequence data of the large subunit nuclear ribosomal rna gene (lsu, 28s) and the internal transcribed spacers (its) and 5.8s rrna gene of the nrdna operon, the genus arthrinium is shown to belong to apiosporaceae in xylariales. arthrinium is ...201323898419
sustainable biodegradation of phenolic endocrine-disrupting chemicals by phragmites australis-rhizosphere bacteria association.the efficacy of two rhizobacteria (sphingobium fuliginis tik1 and sphingobium sp. it4) of phragmites australis for the sustainable treatment of water polluted with phenolic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (edcs) was investigated. strains tik1 and it4 have recently been isolated from phragmites rhizosphere and shown to degrade various 4-alkylphenols-tik1 via phenolic ring hydroxylation and meta-cleavage and it4 via ipso-hydroxylation. the two strains also degraded bisphenol a (bpa), bisphenol b, b ...201323925178
constructed wetland as an ecotechnological tool for pollution treatment for conservation of ganga river.with aim to develop an efficient and ecofriendly approach for on-site treatment of sewage, a sub-surface flow constructed wetland (cw) has been developed by raising potential aquatic macrophytes; typha latifolia, phragmites australis, colocasia esculenta, polygonum hydropiper, alternanthera sessilis and pistia stratoites in gravel as medium. sewage treatment potential of cw was evaluated by varying retention time at three different stages of plant growth and stabilization. after 6 months, monito ...201324080292
[differentiation of vegetation characteristics on slope micro-topography of fenced watershed in loess area of north shaanxi province, northwest china].based on the investigation data of the vegetations in hegou valley in wuqi county of shaanxi province, this paper studied the vegetation characteristics on the five typical micro-topography categories including shallow gully, gully, collapse, platform, and scarp in the loess area of north shaanxi, with the undisturbed slope as the control. there existed distinct differences in the species composition, quantitative characteristics, and species diversity of plant communities on the five typical mi ...201222720613
genome sequence of herbaspirillum sp. strain gw103, a plant growth-promoting bacterium.herbaspirillum sp. strain gw103 was isolated from rhizosphere soil of the reed phragmites australis on reclaimed land. here we report the 5.05-mb draft genome sequence of the strain, providing bioinformation about the agronomic benefits of this strain, such as multiple traits relevant to plant root colonization and plant growth promotion.201222815460
simultaneous laccase production and color removal by culturing fungus pycnoporus sp. sybc-l3 in a textile wastewater effluent supplemented with a lignocellulosic waste phragmites australis.we conducted experiments to culture pycnoporus sp. sybc-l3 in a medium comprising an industrial waste (dye-containing textile effluent) and a lignocellulosic waste (phragmites australis) that achieved laccase production while having the color removed from the wastewater. our experimental results showed that the fungus grew well in liquid submerged cultivation with the diluted textile effluent as the sole culture medium, but relatively low extracellular laccase activity (1.8 u/ml) was produced. a ...201222617946
tidal flushing restores the physiological condition of fish residing in degraded salt marshes.roads, bridges, and dikes constructed across salt marshes can restrict tidal flow, degrade habitat quality for nekton, and facilitate invasion by non-native plants including phragmites australis. introduced p. australis contributes to marsh accretion and eliminates marsh surface pools thereby adversely affecting fish by reducing access to intertidal habitats essential for feeding, reproduction, and refuge. our study assessed the condition of resident fish populations (fundulus heteroclitus) at f ...201223029423
spectral reflectance properties of major objects in desert oasis: a case study of the weigan-kuqa river delta oasis in xinjiang, china.aiming at the remote sensing application has been increasingly relying on ground object spectral characteristics. in order to further research the spectral reflectance characteristics in arid area, this study was performed in the typical delta oasis of weigan and kuqa rivers located north of tarim basin. data were collected from geo-targets at multiple sites in various field conditions. the spectra data were collected for different soil types including saline-alkaline soil, silt sandy soil, cott ...201221922179
Purification processes involved in sludge treatment by a vertical flow wetland system: Focus on the role of the substrate and plants on N and P removal.Vertical-flow wetland systems were tested for treatment of liquid waste activated sludge with high content of organic compounds from a soft drink factory. A mesocosm experiment was carried out on planted and unplanted systems to understand the relative importance of substrate and plants in purification processes and to compare three species: Phragmites australis Cav., Typha latifolia L., or Iris pseudacorus L. All planted mesocosms performed better than unplanted mesocosms and Phragmites showed ...201222178496
performance of sludge treatment wetlands using different plant species and porous media.the aim of this study was to evaluate the dewatering and mineralisation efficiency of three sludge treatment wetlands (stw) configurations differing on plant species (phragmites australis and typha sp.) and filter medium (gravel and wood shavings). sludge dewatering and mineralisation were monitored in three pilots stw for 2 years. the sludge volume was reduced by 80% in all configurations tested, the total solids (ts) increased to 16-24% ts and the volatile solids (vs) decreased to 50% vs/ts. a ...201222480706
selection and application of endophytic bacterium achromobacter xylosoxidans strain f3b for improving phytoremediation of phenolic pollutants.while phytoremediation has been considered as an in situ bioprocess to remediate environmental contaminants, the application of functional endophytic bacteria within plants remains a potential strategy that could enhance the plants' efficiency in phytoremediation. in this study, 219 endophytes were isolated from plants that are predominantly located in a constructed wetland, including reed (phragmites australis) and water spinach (ipomoea aquatica). twenty-five strains of the isolated endophytes ...201222497718
short-term effects of diesel fuel on rhizosphere microbial community structure of native plants in yangtze estuarine wetland.purpose: in this work, short-term effects of diesel fuel on huangpu-yangtze estuarine wetland soil microbial community structure were studied under simulated conditions through phospholipid fatty acids (plfas) analysis. four native plant species, bulrush (scirpus tripueter), galingale (cyperus rotundus), wildrice (zizania latifolia), and reed (phragmites australis) were tested in the experiments. method: in the p ...201222227809
[characteristics of soil nematode communities in coastal wetlands with different vegetation types].an investigation was conducted on the characteristics of soil nematode communities in different vegetation belts (spartina alterniflora belt, sa; suaeda glauca belt, sg; bare land, b1; phragmites australis belt, pa; and wheat land, wl) of yancheng wetland reserve, jiangsu province of east china. a total of 39 genera and 20 families of soil nematodes were identified, and the individuals of dominant genera and common genera occupied more than 90% of the total. the total number of the nematodes dif ...201223431791
[reinvasion of exotic plant species spartina alterniflora in chongming dongtan nature reserve of shanghai].a demonstration plot in chongming dongtan for controlling exotic plant species spartina alterniflora by using an integrated treatment technique of tussock cutting plus water level controlling was selected to make a 2-year monitoring on the reinvasion process of this plant species. a large number of s. alterniflora seedlings could proliferate and settle down in the hydrological restoring plots by tidal water in spring, and, after two years, the reinvasion community was established, with no obviou ...201223431781
[water treatment efficiency of constructed wetland plant-bed/ditch systems].shijiuyang constructed wetland (sjy-cw) in jiaxing city adopted plant-bed/ditch systems originated from the natural landscape as its major functioning unit. the constructed root channel technology (crct) is the core technique applied within the plant-bed/ditch systems. monitoring results demonstrated that the wetland had the capability of improving water quality indexes by one rank grade according to the national environmental quality standards for surface water (gb 3838-2002). in order to optim ...201223323409
[litter decomposition and its main affecting factors in tidal marshes of minjiang river estuary, east china].by using litterbag method, this paper studied the decomposition of the leaf- and flower litters of two emergent macrophytes, native species phragmites australis and invasive species spartina alterniflora, and related affecting factors in the minjiang river estuary of east china. in the decomposition process of the litters, the decay of standing litter (0-90 days) was an important period, and the loss rate of the flower- and leaf litters dry mass of p. australis and s. alterniflora was 15.0 +/- 3 ...201223285995
contrasting nutrient stocks and litter decomposition in stands of native and invasive species in a sub-tropical estuarine marsh.we compared the influence of invasion by an alien invasive species (spartina alterniflora, smooth cordgrass) and a native aggressive species (phragmites australis, common reed) as they have expanded into the native cyperus malaccensis (shichito matgrass)-dominated wetland ecosystem in the min river estuary of southeast china. s. alterniflora is a perennial grass native to north america, which has spread rapidly along the southeast coast of china since its introduction in 1979. our study compared ...201121704985
fungal planet description sheets: 69-91.novel species of microfungi described in the present study include the following from australia: bagadiella victoriae and bagadiella koalae on eucalyptus spp., catenulostroma eucalyptorum on eucalyptus laevopinea, cercospora eremochloae on eremochloa bimaculata, devriesia queenslandica on scaevola taccada, diaporthe musigena on musa sp., diaporthe acaciigena on acacia retinodes, leptoxyphium kurandae on eucalyptus sp., neofusicoccum grevilleae on grevillea aurea, phytophthora fluvialis from wate ...201122025808
phytotreatment of sludges (phragmites australis) for their reuse in the environment.the aim of this study is the evaluation of the agronomic characteristics acquired by a phytotreated sludge coming from a wastewater treatment plant (wwtp) located in tuscany (central italy). the chemical characterization showed values which are within the italian legislation limits for mixed composts. from an agronomic point of view, the sludge did not present a level of phytotoxicity, as shown by the germination index (gi% = 77). furthermore, pathogen compounds are inexistent (escherichia coli ...201122214075
organic carbon accumulation capability of two typical tidal wetland soils in chongming dongtan, china.we measured organic carbon input and content of soil in two wetland areas of chongming dongtan (yangtze river estuary) to evaluate variability in organic carbon accumulation capability in different wetland soils. observed differences were investigated based on the microbial activity and environmental factors of the soil at the two sites. results showed that the organic carbon content of wetland soil vegetated with phragmites australis (site a) was markedly lower than that with p. australis and s ...201121476345
influence of plants on microbial activity in a vertical-downflow wetland system treating waste activated sludge with high organic matter concentrations.the rhizosphere is a key zone for pollutant removal in treatment wetlands; therefore, studies on microbial activity may provide helpful information for a better understanding of purification processes. we studied microbial activity in a vertical-downflow constructed wetland system treating waste activated sludge with high organic matter concentrations, under mediterranean climate. the aims of the work were to study the influence of (i) the presence of plants, (ii) the plant species (phragmites a ...201121514037
[soil organic carbon content and its distribution pattern in hangzhou bay coastal wetlands].in this paper, the soil organic carbon (soc) content and its distribution pattern in the natural intertidal zones and reclaimed wetlands of hangzhou bay were studied, aimed to explore the effects of vegetation succession, exotic species invasion, and reclamation on the soc in costal wetlands of the bay. in intertidal zones, the surface soc content ranged from 4.41 to 8.58 g x kg(-1), with an average of 6.45 g x kg(-1), and differed significantly under different vegetations, with a tendency of un ...201121657021
acceleration of nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol degradation in sediment by phragmites australis and associated rhizosphere bacteria.we investigated biodegradation of technical nonylphenol (tnp) in phragmites australis rhizosphere sediment by conducting degradation experiments using sediments spiked with tnp. accelerated tnp removal was observed in p. australis rhizosphere sediment, whereas tnp persisted in unvegetated sediment without plants and in autoclaved sediment with sterile plants, suggesting that the accelerated tnp removal resulted largely from tnp biodegradation by rhizosphere bacteria. three bacterial strains, ste ...201121736332
evaluation of the giant reed (arundo donax) in horizontal subsurface flow wetlands for the treatment of recirculating aquaculture system effluent.introduction: two emergent macrophytes, arundo donax and phragmites australis, were established in experimental subsurface flow, gravel-based constructed wetlands (cws) receiving untreated recirculating aquaculture system wastewater. materials and methods: the hydraulic loading rate was 3.75 cm day(-1). many of the monitored water quality parameters (biological oxygen demand [bod], total suspended solids [tss], t ...201122006507
palatability and chemical defense of phragmites australis to the marsh periwinkle snail littoraria irrorata.coastal marsh habitats are impacted by many disturbances, including habitat destruction, pollution, and the introduction of invasive species. the common reed, phragmites australis, has been particularly invasive in the mesohaline regions of the chesapeake bay, but few studies have investigated its role in trophic interactions with north american marsh consumers. the marsh periwinkle snail littoraria irrorata is a common grazer in marshes and grazes on the native grass spartina alterniflora. whet ...201121691807
niche differentiation of two sympatric species of microdochium colonizing the roots of common reed.fungal endophyte communities are often comprised of many species colonizing the same host. however, little is known about the causes of this diversity. on the one hand, the apparent coexistence of closely related species may be explained by the traditional niche differentiation hypothesis, which suggests that abiotic and/or biotic factors mediate partitioning. for endophytes, such factors are difficult to identify, and are therefore in most cases unknown. on the other hand, there is the neutral ...201122032611
spartina alterniflora invasion increases soil inorganic nitrogen pools through interactions with tidal subsidies in the yangtze estuary, china.invasive alien plants increase both plant n and soil inorganic n pools in many terrestrial ecosystems. this is believed to be the result of altered plant-soil-microbe feedbacks that accelerate n cycling. however, it may also be due to the greater ability of invasive species to uptake lateral n subsidies that can modify ecosystem n dynamics. we conducted manipulative field experiments to determine the impact of smooth cordgrass (spartina alterniflora) invasion on the n cycling of salt marsh ecosy ...201121203776
the effect of metals accumulated in reed (phragmites australis) on the structure of periphyton.studies on trace elements in reed stands and limiting effect of the reed substrate on the periphyton structure were performed in various aquatic ecosystems of greece during the summer and autumn of 2006. the analysed factors were concentrations of chemical elements (cadmium, lead, zinc, chromium, nickel, copper, cobalt, iron, manganese, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium) in reed shoots as well as the density of zooperiphyton and phytoperiphyton taxa. the relationships between metal concentra ...201121388682
design of an integrated piggery system with recycled water, biomass production and water purification by vermiculture, macrophyte ponds and constructed wetlands.since 2001 the swine experimental station of guern+®vez has studied biological treatment plants for nutrient recovery and water recycling, suited to the fresh liquid manure coming out of flushing systems. an integrated system with continuous recycling was set up in 2007, associated with a piggery of 30 pregnant sows. it includes a screen, a vermifilter, and macrophyte ponds alternating with constructed wetlands. the screen and the vermifilter had a lower removal efficiency than in previous studi ...201121436573
seasonal change of bacterial community structure in a biofilm formed on the surface of the aquatic macrophyte phragmites australis.the seasonal change of bacterial community structure in biofilms on the surface of reed (phragmites australis) was investigated for about three years (from 2005 june to 2008 march) in lake biwa by comparing it with that in surrounding lake water. the community structure in biofilms was different from that in the lake water throughout the seasons and years. the community structure in lake water was similar in the same seasons of different years, corresponding to similar environmental factors (i.e ...201121502742
responses of butachlor degradation and microbial properties in a riparian soil to the cultivation of three different plants.a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the biodegradation dynamics and related microbial ecophysiological responses to butachlor addition in a riparian soil planted with different plants such as phragmites australis, zizania aquatica, and acorus calamus. the results showed that there were significant differences in microbial degradation dynamics of butachlor in the rhizosphere soils among the three riparian plants. a. calamus displays a significantly higher degradation efficiency of butac ...201122432278
microbial community analysis in the roots of aquatic plants and isolation of novel microbes including an organism of the candidate phylum op10.a number of molecular ecological studies have revealed complex and unique microbial communities in various terrestrial plant roots; however, little is known about the microbial communities of aquatic plant roots in spite of their potential use for water quality improvement in aquatic environments (e.g. floating treatment wetland system). here, we report the microbial communities inhabiting the roots of emerged plants, reed (phragmites australis) and japanese loosestrife (lythrum anceps), collect ...201122791047
fungal planet description sheets: 92-106.novel species of microfungi described in the present study include the following from australia: diaporthe ceratozamiae on ceratozamia robusta, seiridium banksiae on banksia marginata, phyllosticta hymenocallidicola on hymenocallis littoralis, phlogicylindrium uniforme on eucalyptus cypellocarpa, exosporium livistonae on livistona benthamii and coleophoma eucalyptorum on eucalyptus piperita. several species are also described from south africa, namely: phoma proteae, pyrenochaeta protearum and l ...201122403481
screening of plant species for phytoremediation of uranium, thorium, barium, nickel, strontium and lead contaminated soils from a uranium mill tailings repository in south china.the concentrations of uranium, thorium, barium, nickel, strontium and lead in the samples of the tailings and plant species collected from a uranium mill tailings repository in south china were analyzed. then, the removal capability of a plant for a target element was assessed. it was found that phragmites australis had the greatest removal capabilities for uranium (820 μg), thorium (103 μg) and lead (1,870 μg). miscanthus floridulus had the greatest removal capabilities for barium (3,730 μg) an ...201121523506
armatimonas rosea gen. nov., sp. nov., of a novel bacterial phylum, armatimonadetes phyl. nov., formally called the candidate phylum op10.a novel aerobic, chemoheterotrophic bacterium, strain yo-36(t), isolated from the rhizoplane of an aquatic plant (a reed, phragmites australis) inhabiting a freshwater lake in japan, was morphologically, physiologically and phylogenetically characterized. strain yo-36(t) was gram-negative and ovoid to rod-shaped, and formed pinkish hard colonies on agar plates. strain yo-36(t) grew at 20-40 °c with optimum growth at 30-35 °c, whilst no growth was observed at 15 °c or 45 °c. the ph range for grow ...201120622056
neustonic versus epiphytic bacteria of eutrophic lake and their biodegradation ability on deltamethrin.this study evaluated biodegradation of the insecticide deltamethrin (1 μg l(-1)) by pure cultures of neustonic (n = 25) and epiphytic (n = 25) bacteria and by mixed cultures (n = 1), which consisted of a mixture of 25 bacterial strains isolated from the surface microlayer (sm ≈ 250 μm) and epidermis of the common reed (phragmites australis, (cav.) trin. ex steud.) growing in the littoral zone of eutrophic lake chełmżyńskie. results indicate that neustonic and epiphytic bacteria are characterized ...201020862526
phytoremediation of pharmaceuticals--preliminary study.phytoremediation of selected pharmaceuticals (diclofenac, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen) using armoracia rusticana and linum usitatissimum cell cultures and by hydroponically cultivated lupinus albus, hordeum vulgaris, and phragmites australis plants in laboratory conditions is described. during in vitro experiments, the best results for acetaminophen were achieved using armoracia rusticana hairy root cultures, where 100% of the starting amount was removed from the media during eight days. total ...201020734624
endophytic bacterial diversity in roots of phragmites australis in constructed beijing cuihu wetland (china).the community structure and diversity of endophytic bacteria in reed (phragmites australis) roots growing in the beijing cuihu wetland, china was investigated using the 16s rrna library technique. primers 799f and 1492r were used to amplify the specific bacterial 16s rrna fragments successfully and construct the clone library. in total, 166 individual sequences were verified by colony pcr and used to assess the diversity of endophytic bacteria in reed roots. phylogenetic analysis revealed that 7 ...201020528944
feasibility of using an organic substrate in a wetland system treating sewage sludge: impact of plant species.a vertical-flow wetland system was tested for treatment of liquid sludge with high organic concentrations using an organic substrate (peat/crushed pine bark, 1/1) as growing medium. mesocosms (1 m(3)) were planted with either phragmites australis cav., typha latifolia l., or iris pseudacorus l. the aim of the work was to determine the feasibility of using an organic substrate in treatment wetlands, through the study of its temporal patterns and of its impact on the water output quality. results ...201019733478
the fate of cyanobacterial blooms in vegetated and unvegetated sediments of a shallow eutrophic lake: a stable isotope tracer study.an experiment using nitrogen stable isotope tracer ((15)n) was conducted to track the fate of nitrogen derived from cyanobacterial blooms and the effectiveness with which the seasonal blooms are retained by vegetated and unvegetated sediment in a large shallow eutrophic lake (lake taihu, china). (15)n enriched microcystis was injected into both unvegetated sediment and sediment occupied by common reed (phragmites australis) in the littoral zone. nutrient retention by the vegetated sediment was g ...201019939431
characteristics of environmental factors and their effects on ch4 and co2 emissions from a closed landfill: an ecological case study of shanghai.to elucidate the influence of landfill gas (lfg) emission on environmental factors, an ecological investigation that was primarily concerned with the characteristics of vegetation, cover soil, and solid waste in the landfill was carried out. temporal and spatial variations in vegetation diversity and coverage and their effects on reducing the emission of methane in the landfill were investigated. the results showed that both vegetation coverage and diversity increased with elapsed landfill closu ...201019880303
[effect of human disturbance on ecological stoichiometry characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in minjiang river estuarine wetland].to clarify responses of soil ecological stoichiometry in wetland to human disturbance, the ecological stoichiometry characteristics of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus elements of soil in phragmites australis marsh, grassland, flat breed aquatics, cropland, pond aquaculture after human disturbance and abandoned cropland after human disturbance restoration in minjiang river estuary were analyzed. the results showed: averaged values of c/n, c/p, n/p ratios were declined as the human disturbance inc ...201021229754
the effect of the heterologous expression of phragmites australis gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase on the cd2+ accumulation of agrostis palustris.heavy metal pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems today. to develop a more efficient plant to clean up heavy metal contaminated soils, a gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gcs) cdna, named pagcs, was isolated by pcr from phragmites australis. the pagcs sequence was transformed via agroinfection into the heavy metal intolerant grass agrostis palustris. five confirmed transgenic a. palustris plants expressing pagcs were compared with the wild-type line for growth and ...201020051038
pilot treatment of olive pomace leachate by vertical-flow constructed wetland and electrochemical oxidation: an efficient hybrid process.a hybrid process comprising biological degradation in a vertical-flow constructed wetland (cw) and electrochemical oxidation over boron-doped diamond electrodes to decolorize, mineralize and detoxify a leachate from olive pomace processing (opl) was investigated. two alternative treatment schemes were compared: according to the first treatment scheme, opl was treated by electrochemical oxidation followed by treatment in a constructed wetland pilot unit (cw-a). the second scheme comprised of trea ...201020199791
methane (ch4) emission from a tidal marsh in the min river estuary, southeast china.the total methane emission to the atmosphere and hydrosphere, and its seasonal variation, were estimated using an enclosed static chamber technique from a tidal marshes dominated by phragmites australis (common reed) in the min river estuary, southeast china. measurements were taken at three tidal stages (before flood, during the flooding and ebbing process, and after ebb). potential rates of methane production from the marsh sediment layers were also measured using an incubation technique. this ...201020390897
performance evaluation of laboratory scale up-flow constructed wetlands with different designs and emergent plants.the objective of present study was to assess the simultaneous removal of organic pollutants and nutrients by five laboratory scale up-flow constructed wetlands (ufcws). aerobic and anaerobic regions were well developed at the upper and lower beds, respectively, in the ufcw reactors with supplementary aeration. the emergent plants employed were phragmites australis and manchurian wild rice. the cod, t-n, t-p, nh(4)-n and no(3)-n removal efficiencies for the ufcw reactors were in the range of 90-9 ...201020451374
do plants modulate biomass allocation in response to petroleum pollution?biomass allocation is an important plant trait that responds plastically to environmental heterogeneities. however, the effects on this trait of pollutants owing to human activities remain largely unknown. in this study, we investigated the response of biomass allocation of phragmites australis to petroleum pollution by a ¹³co₂ pulse-labelling technique. our data show that plant biomass significantly decreased under petroleum pollution, but the root-shoot ratio for both plant biomass and ¹³c inc ...201020484231
phytotoxicity and naphthenic acid dissipation from oil sands fine tailings treatments planted with the emergent macrophyte phragmites australis.during reclamation the water associated with the runoff or groundwater flushing from dry stackable tailings technologies may become available to the reclaimed environment within an oil sands lease. here we evaluate the performance of the emergent macrophyte, common reed (phragmites australis), grown in chemically amended mature fine tailings (mft) and simulated runoff/seepage water from different mft drying treatments. the present study also investigated the phytotoxicity of the concentration of ...201020486009
depollution potential of three macrophytes: exudated, wall-bound and intracellular peroxidase activities plus intracellular phenol concentrations.the aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of three macrophyte species (iris pseudacorus, typha latifolia and phragmites australis) for detoxication of xenobiotics, and to study their variations with seasons or concentrations of sewage sludge from the food industry. for this purpose, some aspects of the green liver concept were explored through peroxidase measurements in three compartments in roots: intracellular, cell wall and extracellular. in addition, phenol concentrations w ...201020570142
biogenic silica in intertidal marsh plants and associated sediments of the yangtze estuary.biogenic silica (bsi) contents in the marsh plants (phragmites australis, scirpus mariqueter and spartina alterniflora) and associated sediments in chongming island eastern intertidal flat of the yangtze estuary were determined. the bsi contents in p. australis, s. mariqueter and s. alterniflora varied from 25.78-42.74 mg/g, 5.71-19.53 mg/g and 6.71-8.92 mg/g, respectively. over the entire growth season, p australis and s. mariqueter were characterized by linear accumulation patterns of bsi. the ...201020614779
cellulomonas phragmiteti sp. nov., a cellulolytic bacterium isolated from reed (phragmites australis) periphyton in a hungarian shallow soda pond.an alkalitolerant and moderately halophilic strain designated kb23t, characterized by optimal growth at ph 8.0-9.0 and at 5-7 % (w/v) nacl, was isolated from a reed (phragmites australis) periphyton sample originating from an extremely shallow, alkaline soda pond located in hungary. cells of strain kb23t are gram-positive, motile straight rods. the strain kb23t is facultatively anaerobic, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative and contains peptidoglycan of type a4beta l-orn - d-asp. in strain kb23t ...201020729313
isolation and characterization of 4-tert-butylphenol-utilizing sphingobium fuliginis strains from phragmites australis rhizosphere sediment.we isolated three sphingobium fuliginis strains from phragmites australis rhizosphere sediment that were capable of utilizing 4-tert-butylphenol as a sole carbon and energy source. these strains are the first 4-tert-butylphenol-utilizing bacteria. the strain designated tik-1 completely degraded 1.0 mm 4-tert-butylphenol in basal salts medium within 12 h, with concomitant cell growth. we identified 4-tert-butylcatechol and 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone as internal metabolites by gas chromatography-mass ...201020802076
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