Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| recncmic3-1-r is a microneme- and rhoptry-based chimeric antigen that protects against acute neosporosis and limits cerebral parasite load in the mouse model for neospora caninum infection. | in order to achieve host cell entry, the apicomplexan parasite neospora caninum relies on the contents of distinct organelles, named micronemes, rhoptries and dense granules, which are secreted at defined timepoints during and after host cell entry. it was shown previously that a vaccine composed of a mixture of three recombinant antigens, corresponding to the two microneme antigens ncmic1 and ncmic3 and the rhoptry protein ncrop2, prevented disease and limited cerebral infection and transplacen ... | 2011 | 21787824 |
| the snsag merozoite surface antigens of sarcocystis neurona are expressed differentially during the bradyzoite and sporozoite life cycle stages. | sarcocystis neurona is a two-host coccidian parasite whose complex life cycle progresses through multiple developmental stages differing at morphological and molecular levels. the s. neurona merozoite surface is covered by multiple, related glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked proteins, which are orthologous to the surface antigen (sag)/sag1-related sequence (srs) gene family of toxoplasma gondii. expression of the sag/srs proteins in t. gondii and another related parasite neospora caninum is lif ... | 2011 | 21775062 |
| emergence of bovine ehrlichiosis in belgian cattle herds. | bovine ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne rickettsial disease caused by anaplasma phagocytophilum. the disease can also be transmitted to humans. outbreaks in cattle have been described in many european countries. in belgium, infections caused by a. phagocytophilum have been reported in humans and dogs; however, this paper details the first report of ehrlichiosis in cattle herds in belgium. the first case described was in a dairy herd located in eastern belgium. clinical signs included hyperthermia, p ... | 2011 | 21771546 |
| prevalence and co-infection of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in apodemus sylvaticus in an area relatively free of cats. | summarythe protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii is prevalent worldwide and can infect a remarkably wide range of hosts despite felids being the only definitive host. as cats play a major role in transmission to secondary mammalian hosts, the interaction between cats and these hosts should be a major factor determining final prevalence in the secondary host. this study investigates the prevalence of t. gondii in a natural population of apodemus sylvaticus collected from an area with low cat densi ... | 2011 | 21756421 |
| results of parasitological examinations of faecal samples from cats and dogs in germany between 2003 and 2010. | in a retrospective study, the results of parasitological examinations of faecal samples from 8,560 cats and 24,677 dogs between january 2003 and december 2010 in germany were analysed. 30.4 % of the examined dogs and 22.8 % of the cats were infected with endoparasites. the examination of the faecal samples from dogs revealed stages of giardia spp. (18.6 %), toxocara canis (6.1 %), toxascaris leonina (0.6 %), ancylostomatidae (2.2 %), trichuris vulpis (1.2 %), capillaria spp. (1.3 %), crenosoma v ... | 2011 | 21739375 |
| presence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum and leishmania infantum in dogs from piau+¡. | this study aimed to evaluate the presence of antibodies against neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii and leishmania infantum in dogs attended at the veterinary hospital of the federal university of piau+¡, northeastern brazil, where there are no reports of the occurrence of n. caninum and t. gondii in dogs. serum samples from 530 dogs of genders, different ages and breeds from the municipality of teresina and nearby towns were analyzed using three indirect fluorescent antibody tests, each one tar ... | 2011 | 21722484 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in slaughtered pigs in the czech republic. | summaryin the czech republic, sera from 551 clinically healthy adult slaughtered pigs (females, 6-8 months old) were collected during the first half of june in 2010. sera were tested for toxoplasma gondii-specific igg antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; samples with more than 50% s/p were considered as positive. the same samples were also analysed for neospora caninum antibodies using a commercial competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; samples with more than 30 ... | 2011 | 21819636 |
| neosporosis in a captive parma wallaby (macropus parma). | infection with neospora caninum has been diagnosed in a variety of animal species; however, reports in marsupials are rare. a captive parma wallaby (macropus parma) died suddenly and was subjected to necropsy examination. the main finding was necrotizing myocarditis associated with protozoan parasites. the protozoa were identified as n. caninum by use of immunohistochemistry and partial gene sequence analysis. neospora and toxoplasma should be considered a possible cause of disease in captive ma ... | 2011 | 21689827 |
| seroprevalence of neospora caninum in free-range chickens (gallus domesticus) from the americas. | neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii are biologically and morphologically similar coccidians with canids as definitive hosts for n. caninum and felids for t. gondii. feral chickens have been used as indicators of soil contamination with t. gondii oocysts because they feed from ground. in the present study we studied seroprevalence of n. caninum in free range chickens from different countries in america as an indicator of soil contamination due to n. caninum oocysts. antibodies to n. caninum we ... | 2011 | 21676546 |
| cytokine gene expression at the materno-foetal interface after experimental neospora caninum infection of heifers at 110ôçâdays of gestation. | neospora caninum is a major cause of abortion in cattle, but the reasons why only some animals abort remain unclear. the immunological control of the parasite in the placenta or by the foetus could be the key to determining the mechanism of abortion and/or transplacental transmission to the foetus. in this study, cytokine gene expression, analysed by real-time rt-pcr, at the maternal (caruncle) and foetal placenta (cotyledon) of heifers infected at 110ôçâdays of gestation by intravenous inoculat ... | 2011 | 21711362 |
| presence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum dna in the brain of wild birds. | toxoplasma gondii infections are prevalent in many avian species and can cause mortality in some bird hosts. although t. gondii has been isolated from various species of birds, the role of many different species of wild birds in the epidemiology of t. gondii remains unknown. neospora caninum, a closely related parasite to t. gondii, has been recently confirmed to infect domestic chickens and wild birds such as house sparrows (passer domesticus). the present study reports the presence of t. gondi ... | 2011 | 21831525 |
| epizootiologic investigations of selected abortive agents in free-ranging alpine ibex (capra ibex ibex) in switzerland. | in the early 2000s, several colonies of alpine ibex (capra ibex ibex) in switzerland ceased growing or began to decrease. reproductive problems due to infections with abortive agents might have negatively affected recruitment. we assessed the presence of selected agents of abortion in alpine ibex by serologic, molecular, and culture techniques and evaluated whether infection with these agents might have affected population densities. blood and fecal samples were collected from 651 ibex in 14 col ... | 2011 | 21719818 |
| neosporosis in animals--the last five years. | neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite of animals. until 1988, it was misdiagnosed as toxoplasma gondii. since its first recognition in 1984 in dogs and the description of a new genus and species neospora caninum in 1988, neosporosis has emerged as a serious disease of cattle and dogs worldwide. abortions and neonatal mortality are a major problem in livestock operations and neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in cattle. this review is focused on current status of neosporosis in animals b ... | 2011 | 21704458 |
| epidemiology and impact of neospora caninum infection in three queensland tropical dairy herds. | this study investigated the epidemiology of neospora caninum in three tropical dairy herds in north queensland, australia. all animals in the herds were bled, and the sera were tested by elisa for n. caninum antibodies. herd records were examined, and the number of calves carried to term and the number of abortions which occurred over the lifetime of each animal were recorded to determine the abortion rate for each animal. pedigrees were constructed for two of the herds to investigate whether ve ... | 2011 | 21736635 |
| transgenic neospora caninum strains constitutively expressing the bradyzoite ncsag4 protein proved to be safe and conferred significant levels of protection against vertical transmission when used as live vaccines in mice. | at present, there is no effective treatment or vaccine to prevent vertical transmission or abortion associated with neospora caninum infection in cattle. different vaccine formulations have been assayed, and live vaccines have shown the most promising results in terms of protection. previously, transgenic n. caninum tachyzoites expressing the bradyzoite stage-specific ncsag4 antigen in a constitutive manner (nc-1 sag4(c)) were obtained and showed a reduced persistence of parasite in inoculated m ... | 2011 | 21816191 |
| survey for natural neospora caninum infection in wild and captive birds. | neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that presents worldwide distribution and is mainly implicated as responsible for bovine abortion. although the presence of birds in cattle-raising properties is positively correlated to higher infection rates, very little has been described about the role of these animals in the parasite's life cycle. in that sense, this work aimed to investigate the serological and histological positivity of different avian species sampled in its natural habitat or in ca ... | 2011 | 21680099 |
| neospora caninum is associated with abortion in algerian cattle. | abstract neospora caninum is a major cause of abortion in cattle worldwide. however, little information is available for algeria. accordingly, 799 cattle from 87 farms in the north and northeast of algeria were enrolled in a seroepidemiological survey. an indirect fluorescence antibody test (ifat) revealed a seroprevalence of 19.6%. the animals were divided into 3 groups according to their breed: imported european cattle, local breeds, and crossed animals (european x local). seroprevalences were ... | 2011 | 21728878 |
| first report of neospora caninum infection in cattle in sudan. | a cross-sectional survey was conducted in sudan to determine sero-prevalence and risk factors associated with neospora caninum infection in non-vaccinated dairy herds and to assess importance of the disease. blood samples were collected from a total of 262 animals from 25 herds. sera were tested for antibodies against n. caninum using elisa test. the prevalence rates of n. caninum antibodies in cattle were high both at herd level (44%) and at individual animal level (10.7%). herd level infection ... | 2011 | 21898183 |
| implications of wild dog ecology on the sylvatic and domestic life cycle of neospora caninum in australia. | neospora caninum is transmitted either transplacentally or horizontally by ingestion of tissue cysts present in tissues or oocysts shed by dogs. neosporosis is a significant disease, causing cattle abortion at 5-7 months of pregnancy. infected cows may remain infective for life transmitting the infection in several consecutive or non-consecutive pregnancies. a great deal is known about the epidemiology of neosporosis, although only limited information is available on the main routes of horizonta ... | 2011 | 20400345 |
| validation of an elisa method for the serological diagnosis of canine brucellosis due to brucella canis. | in the present study, the validation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for serodiagnosis of canine brucellosis is described. two different antigenic extracts, obtained by heat or ultrasonic homogenization of microbial antigens from a wild isolate of brucella canis bacteria, were compared by elisa and western blot (wb). a total of 145 canine sera were used to define sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the elisa as follows: (1) sera from 34 animals with natural b. canis infectio ... | 2011 | 20692004 |
| transplacental transmission in cattle: is toxoplasma gondii less potent than neospora caninum? | we compared the transplacental-transmission ability of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in cattle. one uninfected pregnant heifer served as control, while three were inoculated with n. caninum k9wa strain and four with t. gondii rh strain at their midgestational period. both infected groups showed clinical signs and antibodies either to n. caninum or t. gondii, while the control animal was normal. two (50%) toxoplasma dams aborted on days 6 and 11 postinoculation. t. gondii tachyzoites wer ... | 2011 | 21203773 |
| immunization of female balb/c mice with neospora cyclophilin and/or ncsrs2 elicits specific antibody response and prevents against challenge infection by neospora caninum. | neospora caninum is the causal agent of bovine neosporosis which results in high levels of abortion. the present study determined the protective efficacy of two neospora antigens--neospora cyclophilin (nccyp) and ncsrs2. the ability of native nccyp to upregulate mouse ifn-? was also confirmed in this study. recombinant nccyp or ncsrs2 were tested either alone or in combination and formulated with adjuvant immumax-sr and cpg. female balb/c mice (n=15) of 10-12 weeks of age were immunized s.c. twi ... | 2011 | 21281689 |
| up regulation of the maternal immune response in the placenta of cattle naturally infected with neospora caninum. | neospora caninum is an intracellular protozoan parasite which is a major cause of abortion in cattle worldwide. it forms persistent infections which recrudesce during pregnancy leading to foetal infection and in a proportion of cases, abortion. the mechanisms underlying abortion are not understood. in this study, recrudescence of a persistent infection in eight naturally infected cows occurred between 20 and 33 weeks of gestation. animals were killed at the time of recrudescence and parasites we ... | 2011 | 21283810 |
| identification of novel rhoptry proteins in neospora caninum by lc/ms-ms analysis of subcellular fractions. | apicomplexan parasites possess an apical complex that is composed of two secretory organelles recognized as micronemes and rhoptries. rhoptry contents are secreted into the parasitophorous vacuole during the host cell invasion process. several rhoptry proteins have been identified in toxoplasma gondii and seem to be involved in host-pathogen interactions and some of them are considered to be important virulence factors. only one rhoptry protein, ncrop2, has been identified and extensively charac ... | 2011 | 21315855 |
| quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction assays for the sensitive detection of besnoitia besnoiti infection in cattle. | bovine besnoitiosis, an economically important disease in cattle in some countries of africa and asia, is emerging in europe. the definitive host of besnoitia besnoiti, the causative agent of bovine besnoitiosis, is unknown and the transmission of the parasite is not completely understood. sensitive and quantitative dna detection methods are needed to determine whether serologically positive animals are infectious and to examine the role of vectors (e.g. haematophagous insects) in the transmissi ... | 2011 | 21324596 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum infections in goats in poland. | in 2007 a survey on herd-level seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum infections in goats in poland was carried out. sera were collected from all 49 breeding goat herds, scattered over the entire country, with the vast majority of them located in the western, central and northern provinces. only adult females (=12 months of age) were included in the study. a herd was recorded as infected if at least one seropositive female was detected. in each herd, simple random sampling was ... | 2011 | 21324599 |
| functional activation of t cells by dendritic cells and macrophages exposed to the intracellular parasite neospora caninum. | neospora caninum is an intracellular protozoan pathogen that causes abortion in cattle. we studied how the interaction between murine conventional dendritic cells or macrophages and n. caninum influences the generation of cell-mediated immunity against the parasite. we first explored the invasion and survival ability of n. caninum in dendritic cells and macrophages. we observed that protozoa rapidly invaded and proliferated into these two cell populations. we then investigated how neospora-expos ... | 2011 | 21329692 |
| identification of a host cell target for the thiazolide class of broad-spectrum anti-parasitic drugs. | the thiazolide nitazoxanide (ntz) and some derivatives exhibit considerable in vitro activities against a broad range of parasites, including the apicomplexans neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. in order to identify potential molecular targets for this compound in both parasites, rm4847 was coupled to epoxy-agarose and affinity chromatography was performed. a protein of approximately 35 kda was eluted upon rm4847-affinity-chromatography from extracts of n. caninum-infected human ... | 2011 | 21335006 |
| immunoblot diagnosis of infection with neospora caninum in cattle based on recombinant ncsag4 antigen. | the neospora caninum (n. caninum) ncsag4 gene was subcloned into a pet-28a (+) vector and successfully expressed in escherichia coli as inclusion body, and confirmed by sds-page and western blot using anti-his monoclonal antibody. the purified protein was then purified using ni-nta affinity chromatography column and recognized by positive serum from n. caninum-infected cattle. immunoblot (ib) method based on purified recombinant ncsag4 (rncsag4) antigen to detect antibodies against n. caninum in ... | 2011 | 21340564 |
| in vitro invasion efficiency and intracellular proliferation rate comprise virulence-related phenotypic traits of neospora caninum. | abstract: in this study, we examined the in vitro invasion and proliferation capacities of the nc-liv and ten spanish neospora caninum isolates (nc-spain 1 h - nc-spain 10). the invasion rate was determined as the number of tachyzoites that completed their internalisation into marc-145 cells at 2, 4, and 6 h post-inoculation (pi). the proliferation rate was evaluated by determining the doubling time during the exponential proliferation period. significant differences in the invasion rates of the ... | 2011 | 21345202 |
| genetic mapping identifies novel highly protective antigens for an apicomplexan parasite. | apicomplexan parasites are responsible for a myriad of diseases in humans and livestock; yet despite intensive effort, development of effective sub-unit vaccines remains a long-term goal. antigenic complexity and our inability to identify protective antigens from the pool that induce response are serious challenges in the development of new vaccines. using a combination of parasite genetics and selective barriers with population-based genetic fingerprinting, we have identified that immunity agai ... | 2011 | 21347348 |
| surgical technique, postoperative complications and outcome in 14 dogs treated for hydrocephalus by ventriculoperitoneal shunting. | to report frequency and type of complications, and outcome in dogs with severe neurologic signs secondary to internal, suspected obstructive hydrocephalus treated by ventriculoperitoneal (vp) shunting. | 2011 | 21244441 |
| vaccination of mice with chitosan nanogel-associated recombinant ncpdi against challenge infection with neospora caninum tachyzoites. | the effects of nanogel encapsulation of recombinant ncpdi (recncpdi) following vaccination of mice by intranasal or intraperitoneal routes and challenge infection with neospora caninum tachyzoites were investigated. nanogels were chitosan based, with an alginate or alginate-mannose surface. none of the mice receiving recncpdi intraperitoneal (i.p.) (without nanogels) survived, whereas intranasal (i.n.) application protected 9 of 10 mice from disease. association of recncpdi with nanogels improve ... | 2011 | 21226721 |
| genetic manipulation of neospora caninum to express the bradyzoite-specific protein ncsag4 in tachyzoites. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite and the aetiological agent of bovine neosporosis, one of the main causes of reproductive failure worldwide. we have generated 2 independent transgenic knock-in clones, nc-1sag4c1.1 and nc-1sag4c2.1, that express the bradyzoite stage-specific protein ncsag4 in the tachyzoite stage. these clones have similar growth rates in vitro as the wild-type (wt) strain nc-1. studies in a cerebral mouse model of infection revealed a slightly lower rate of detection ... | 2011 | 21232176 |
| granulomatous meningoencephalitis due to toxoplasma gondii in a black-headed night monkey (aotus nigriceps). | this report describes toxoplasmosis infection in a black-headed night monkey (aotus nigriceps) from the zoological park of the federal university of mato grosso, brazil. the animal was submitted alive to the veterinary hospital of the federal university of mato grosso presenting neurologic clinical signs. there were no improvements on the animal's clinical condition after treatment, so it was euthanized. at necropsy, the most significant gross lesions observed were hemorrhages diffusely scattere ... | 2011 | 22946380 |
| serosurvey of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in white-tailed deer from northern mexico. | the objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in white-tailed deer from northern mexico. sera from 532 white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) from three northern states of mexico were assayed for antibodies to t. gondii by elisa and western blot. from these samples, 368 were available to test for n. caninum antibodies by elisa. the overall prevalence for t. gondii antibodies was 13.9% (74/532; ci(95) 11-17) and for n. caninum 8.4% ( ... | 2012 | 22633992 |
| the neospora caninum-spain 7 isolate induces placental damage, fetal death and abortion in cattle when inoculated in early gestation. | the nc-spain 7 isolate of neospora caninum, which was newly obtained from an asymptomatic congenitally infected calf, demonstrated a similar virulence as nc-1 strain in mouse models. the aim of this study was to characterize the pathogenesis of nc-spain 7 isolate in cattle after experimental infection at 65 days of gestation. for this purpose, thirteen pregnant heifers were divided into three groups as follows: group a: 7 heifers inoculated with 1 × 10(8) tachyzoites of nc-spain 7 isolate; group ... | 2012 | 22621962 |
| neospora caninum infection dynamics in dairy cattle. | neospora caninum is considered in many countries as one of the key abortion agents in cattle. this study aims to investigate the parasite behavior in dairy cattle in the municipality of avaré, sp, brazil, where abortions frequently occur. an elisa was performed to compare two samplings on a total of 615 animals; tests were performed in the same herds with a gap of 3 years. an increase in the percentage of reactive animals was observed, ranging from 21.6% at the first sampling to 38.9% at the sec ... | 2012 | 22581344 |
| prevalence of anti- neospora caninum and anti- toxoplasma gondii antibodies in dogs from two different indigenous communities in the brazilian amazon region. | prevalence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum antibodies in sera of 325 dogs in 11 villages inhabited by the tapirapé and karajá ethnic groups in the south of the brazilian amazon was determined by the use of an indirect fluorescence antibody test. antibodies (cutoff 1:16) to t. gondii were found in 169 (52%) and to n. caninum (cut-off 1:50) in 32 (9.8%) of 325 dogs. seropositivity for both parasitic infections was widely prevalent in dogs from these villages and was higher in older dogs, ... | 2012 | 22551468 |
| intra-cisternal vaccination induces high-level protection against neospora caninum infection in mice. | the efficacy of intra-cisternal (ic) immunization in preventing the dissemination of neospora caninum tachyzoites into the brain was investigated. mice were vaccinated intracisternally with tachyzoite extract in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (acsf). for comparison, other groups were vaccinated via the intraperitoneal (ip) route with crude tachyzoite antigen extract, suspended either in freund's incomplete adjuvant (fia) or saponin. subsequently, the mice were experimentally infected by ip admin ... | 2012 | 22537986 |
| detection of neospora sp. antibodies in cart horses from urban areas of curitiba, southern brazil. | neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite which affects dogs as definitive hosts and several mammalian species as intermediate hosts mainly causing abortions and central nervous system disorders. the reemerging population of cart horses for carrying recycling material in urban areas of major cities in brazil may have an impact on disease spreading, and these animals may be used as sentinels for environmental surveillance. thus, the present study investigated the frequency of neospora sp. antibodi ... | 2012 | 22534949 |
| neospora caninum as causative agent of bovine encephalitis in brazil. | for supporting the brazilian bovine encephalitis surveillance program this study examined the differential diagnosis of neospora caninum in central nervous system (cns) by histological analysis (he staining), immunohistochemistry (ihc), and nested-pcr using a set of primers from the nc5 region of the genomic dna and its1 region of the ribosomal dna. a sample of 302 cattle presenting neurological syndrome and negative for rabies, aged 0 to 18 years, from herds in 10 brazilian states was evaluated ... | 2012 | 22534945 |
| epidemiological survey of neospora caninum infection in dogs from romania. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of neospora caninum infection in dogs from romania at a national level and to detect possible correlations between the value of seroprevalence and a series of factors like sex, age, breed category and area. the prevalence of anti-n. caninum antibodies was determined in sera samples from 1114 dogs located in different regions of romania using the ifat method. antibodies to n. caninum were found in 364 dogs (32.7%). the titers of anti-n. can ... | 2012 | 22521974 |
| immunohistochemical and polymerase chain reaction studies in neospora caninum experimentally infected broiler chicken embryonated eggs. | the diagnostic characteristics of immunohistochemistry (ihc) and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methods were studied in the tissues of broiler chicken embryos experimentally infected by neospora caninum. an infection with n. caninum nc-1 isolate was conducted in 70 broiler chicken embryonated eggs randomly divided into seven equal groups. after 8 days of incubation, six groups were inoculated with 10, 10(2), 10(3), 10(4), 10(5), and 10(6) doses of tachyzoites/embryonated egg. the 7th group was ... | 2012 | 22475417 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors for neospora caninum in sheep in the state minas gerais, southeastern brazil. | the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with infection due to neospora caninum in serum samples from 488 sheep originating from 63 farms in 63 municipalities distributed across eight of the twelve mesoregions of the state minas gerais, southeastern brazil. for detection of n. caninum the sheep serum samples were subjected to the indirect fluorescence antibody test (ifat ≥ 50). to identify the risk factors associated with infection due to n. caninum a que ... | 2012 | 22475416 |
| comparative genomics of the apicomplexan parasites toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum: coccidia differing in host range and transmission strategy. | toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic protozoan parasite which infects nearly one third of the human population and is found in an extraordinary range of vertebrate hosts. its epidemiology depends heavily on horizontal transmission, especially between rodents and its definitive host, the cat. neospora caninum is a recently discovered close relative of toxoplasma, whose definitive host is the dog. both species are tissue-dwelling coccidia and members of the phylum apicomplexa; they share many common fe ... | 2012 | 22457617 |
| congenital neosporosis in goats from the state of minas gerais, brazil. | congenital neospora caninum infection was diagnosed in two saanen goat kids from two distinct herds with a history of abortion and weak newborn goat kids in the southern region of the state of minas gerais, brazil. the first kid was weak at birth, had difficulty to rise and was unable to nurse. gross lesions of porencephaly and hydrocephalus ex vacuo were seen. multifocal necrosis, gliosis and non-supurative encephalitis were observed in the brain. several parasitic cysts with a thick wall that ... | 2012 | 22451736 |
| detection of nesopora caninum-specific dna from cerebrospinal fluid by polymerase chain reaction in a dog with confirmed neosporosis. | a one-month male greyhound dog presented with a swinging gait of the hindlimbs, and later developed muscular atrophy of the femoral region and hyperextension of hindlimbs. the dog had positive serum ifat titers to neospora caninum, but a negative titer in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf). n. caninum-specific dna was amplified from the csf using a semi-nested polymerase chain reaction assay. clusters of protozoa in biopsied muscle fibers were subsequently confirmed as n. caninum tachyzoites by immun ... | 2012 | 22446406 |
| increased incidence of dna amplification in follicular than in uterine and blood samples indicates possible tropism of neospora caninum to the ovarian follicle. | this study evaluated the presence of neospora caninum in ovarian follicle aspirates and uterine flushes obtained from n. caninum seropositive dairy cows. ninety-two cows that aborted within the previous 90 days were sampled to determine the presence of antibodies against n. caninum. thirteen seropositive cows were chosen for collection of blood leukocytes, uterine flushes (uf; n=12) and follicular aspirates (opu; n=13). samples were centrifuged and the cellular sediment from the follicular fluid ... | 2012 | 22440723 |
| infected dendritic cells facilitate systemic dissemination and transplacental passage of the obligate intracellular parasite neospora caninum in mice. | the obligate intracellular parasite neospora caninum disseminates across the placenta and the blood-brain barrier, to reach sites where it causes severe pathology or establishes chronic persistent infections. the mechanisms used by n. caninum to breach restrictive biological barriers remain elusive. to examine the cellular basis of these processes, migration of different n. caninum isolates (nc-1, nc-liverpool, nc-sweb1 and the spanish isolates: nc-spain 3h, nc-spain 4h, nc-spain 6, nc-spain 7 a ... | 2012 | 22403627 |
| elisas based on rncgra7 and rncsag1 antigens as an indicator of neospora caninum activation. | bovine abortion caused by the apicomplexa parasite neospora caninum is a major economical problem in the livestock industry worldwide. however, the relationship between n. caninum infection and abortion is still unknown. our study aimed to elucidate the relationship between parasite-specific antibody responses, parasite stages and abortion. in experimentally infected cattle, anti-ncgra7 igg1 antibody was predominantly detected during the acute infection stage, while the production of anti-ncsag1 ... | 2012 | 22365337 |
| proteome expression changes among virulent and attenuated neospora caninum isolates. | neospora caninum is a cyst-forming parasite that has been recognised worldwide as a cause of cattle abortion and neuromuscular disease in dogs. variations in genetic profiles, behaviour in vitro, and pathogenicity have been established among n. caninum isolates. however, it is unclear which parasite factors are implicated in this intra-specific diversity. comparative analysis of protein expression patterns may define the determinants of biological diversity in n. caninum. using dige and maldi-to ... | 2012 | 22343075 |
| a longitudinal study of neospora caninum infection on three dairy farms in brazil. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite that is one of the most important infectious causes of abortion in both dairy and beef cattle in many countries. the objectives of this longitudinal study were to determine the prevalence, rates of vertical and horizontal transmission of n. caninum and hazard for culling of n. caninum-seropositive animals in three brazilian dairy herds. blood samples from all animals were collected nine times at each of the three farms over a two-year period ... | 2012 | 22309800 |
| effects of miltefosine treatment in fibroblast cell cultures and in mice experimentally infected with neospora caninum tachyzoites. | miltefosine was investigated for its activity against neospora caninum tachyzoites in vitro, and was shown to inhibit the proliferation of n. caninum tachyzoites cultured in human foreskin fibroblasts (hff) with an ic50 of 5·2 μm. treatment of infected cells with 25 μm miltefosine for a period of 10 h had only a parasitostatic effect, while after 20 h of treatment parasiticidal effects were observed. this was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy of n. caninum-infected and miltefosine-tr ... | 2012 | 22309643 |
| enrofloxacin is able to control toxoplasma gondii infection in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. | currently, toxoplasmosis is treated with sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine. however, this treatment presents several adverse side effects; thus, there is a critical need for the development and evaluation of new drugs, which do not present the same problems of the standard therapy. enrofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic known to control infection against several bacteria in veterinary medicine. recently, this drug has demonstrated protective effects against protozoan parasites such as neospor ... | 2012 | 22281151 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays based on neospora caninum dense granule protein 7 and profilin for estimating the stage of neosporosis. | neospora caninum is an intracellular protozoan parasite that causes bovine and canine neosporosis, characterized by fetal abortion and neonatal mortality and by neuromuscular paralysis, respectively. although many diagnostic methods to detect parasite-specific antibodies or parasite dna have been reported, to date no effective serodiagnostic techniques for estimating pathological status have been described. our study aimed to elucidate the relationship between the parasite-specific antibody resp ... | 2012 | 22258707 |
| performance of a commercial serum elisa for the detection of antibodies to neospora caninum in whole and skim milk samples. | control of neospora caninum infection in cattle depends on specific, ante-mortem detection of infected animals and limiting their use as breeding stock or by culling. the objective of the present study was to determine appropriate cut-off values and diagnostic performance of a milk elisa test using whole and skim milk in a commercial serum elisa test (idexx neospora ab). serum and milk samples were obtained from a total of 475 lactating cows from two herds with and two herds without a previous h ... | 2012 | 22770889 |
| detection and molecular analysis of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum from dogs with neurological disorders. | toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum are related apicomplexa parasites responsible for systemic diseases in many species of animals, including dogs. | 2012 | 22760137 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum infection in dairy cows in subtropical southern china. | toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum are closely related protozoan parasites which cause lowered production and increased abortion in dairy cows. the aim of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of t. gondii and n. caninum infection in dairy cows in the guangxi zhuang autonomous region (gzar), subtropical southern china. in total, 875 serum samples were collected from the tail veins of dairy cows in 6 main dairy cow-rearing districts of 4 administrative cities in gzar. the samp ... | 2012 | 22717118 |
| molecular frequency and isolation of cyst-forming coccidia from free ranging chickens in bahia state, brazil. | the toxoplasmatinae parasites toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum and hammondia spp. have carnivores as definitive hosts that shed the parasite oocysts in their feces. birds that feed directly from the soil, such as chickens, are exposed to infection and may serve as indicators of the presence of the parasite in the environment and as a source of infection for other animals. the aims of this study were to determine the frequency of infection by these parasites in free ranging chickens, to test w ... | 2012 | 22673105 |
| adult-onset nemaline myopathy in a dog presenting with persistent atrial standstill and primary hypothyroidism. | a nine-year-old neutered female mixed breed dog presented for evaluation following a five-day history of lethargy, inappetence, weakness, abdominal distension and generalised muscle atrophy. persistent vatrial standstill with a junctional rhythm was identified on electrocardiogram. echocardiogram identified moderate dilation of all cardiac chambers and mild thickening of the mitral and tricuspid valves. serology was negative for neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii. permanent pacemaker implant ... | 2012 | 22647214 |
| [advances in the development of vaccines for bovine neosporosis]. | neosporosis, a disease caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan neospora caninum, produces abortions in cattle. the severe economic losses in cattle industry justify the need to develop control measures for preventing bovine abortion. apicomplexan parasitic resistance is associated with t helper 1 immune response mediated by cd4 cytotoxic t lymphocytes, the production of interferon-gamma, interleukin-12, tumor necrosis factor and immunoglobulin g2. the reduction of vertical transmission in ... | 2012 | 23102471 |
| quantification of vertical transmission of neospora caninum in dairy cows in minas gerais, brazil. | the objective of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the rate of vertical transmission and to investigate horizontal transmission of neospora caninum and occurrences of reproductive abnormalities in seropositive dairy cows on two farms in the state of minas gerais, brazil. the frequency of cows seropositive for n.caninum according to the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) was 39.4% (93/236) for farm a and 31.4% (32/102) for the farm b (p > 0.05). the mean vertical transmission rate ... | 2012 | 23070443 |
| seroprevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum in dogs in the state of alagoas, brazil. | this study investigated occurrences of antibodies to anti-neospora caninum in dogs in the state of alagoas, brazil, and the risk factors associated with the infection. to investigate antibodies against n. caninum, an indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (ifat) was used. to identify risk factors associated with infection by n. caninum, univariate analyses on variables of interest were conducted. the study analyzed 237 samples from dogs of both sexes and different breeds and ages, both from r ... | 2012 | 23070441 |
| experimental infection with neospora caninum in pregnant bitches. | in this study, transplacental transmission of neospora caninum in bitches at different stages of pregnancy was evaluated. three bitches were inoculated in the 3rd week and three in the 6th week of gestation with 10(8) tachyzoites of n. caninum (nc-1 strain). all the infected bitches and at least one of their offspring presented anti-n. caninum antibodies according to the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat > 400). the pups and their mothers were sacrificed and tissues from the central nervo ... | 2012 | 23070432 |
| adjuvant and immunostimulatory effects of a d-galactose-binding lectin from synadenium carinatum latex (scll) in the mouse model of vaccination against neosporosis. | vaccination is an important control measure for neosporosis that is caused by a coccidian parasite, neospora caninum, leading to abortion and reproductive disorders in cattle and serious economic impacts worldwide. a d-galactose-binding lectin from synadenium carinatum latex (scll) was recently described by our group with potential immunostimulatory and adjuvant effects in the leishmaniasis model. in this study, we evaluated the adjuvant effect of scll in immunization of mice against neosporosis ... | 2012 | 23107170 |
| the core mouse response to infection by neospora caninum defined by gene set enrichment analyses. | in this study, the balb/c and qs mouse responses to infection by the parasite neospora caninum were investigated in order to identify host response mechanisms. investigation was done using gene set (enrichment) analyses of microarray data. gsea, manova, romer, subgse and sam-gs were used to study the contrasts neospora strain type, mouse type (balb/c and qs) and time post infection (6 hours post infection and 10 days post infection). the analyses show that the major signal in the core mouse resp ... | 2012 | 23012496 |
| seroprevalence of neospora caninum, paratuberculosis and q fever in cattle in belgium in 2009-2010. | 2012 | 22952130 | |
| vaccination with the recombinant chimeric antigen recncmic3-1-r induces a non-protective th2-type immune response in the pregnant mouse model for n. caninum infection. | the major route of transmission of neospora caninum in cattle is transplacentally from an infected cow to its progeny. therefore, a vaccine should be able to prevent both the horizontal transmission from contaminated food or water and the vertical transmission. we have previously shown that a chimeric vaccine composed of predicted immunogenic epitopes of ncmic3, ncmic1 and ncrop2 (recncmic3-1-r) significantly reduced the cerebral infection in balb/c mice. in this study, mice were first vaccinate ... | 2012 | 22940381 |
| evaluation of the protection conferred by a naturally attenuated neospora caninum isolate against congenital and cerebral neosporosis in mice. | the parasite neospora caninum is an important abortifacient agent in cattle worldwide. at present, the development of an effective and safe vaccine against bovine neosporosis is of great relevance. recently, a new isolate of n. caninum (nc-spain 1 h) which was obtained from the brain of an asymptomatic congenitally infected calf, exhibited non-virulent behaviour in mouse and bovine infection models. the aim of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of nc-spain 1 h when used as a vac ... | 2012 | 22913428 |
| toxoplasmosis in tammar wallabies (macropus eugenii) in the budapest zoo and botanical garden (2006-2010). | smaller macropodid species (commonly referred to as wallabies) are extremely susceptible to toxoplasmosis: in most cases, infection with toxoplasma gondii leads to death within a short time. between june 2006 and july 2010, t. gondii was detected by immunohistochemical examination in six tammar wallabies (macropus eugenii) that died in the budapest zoo and botanical garden; in another four specimens histopathology revealed t. gondii-like organisms (which could not be differentiated from neospora ... | 2012 | 22903081 |
| rabbit antibodies against toxoplasma hsp20 are able to reduce parasite invasion and gliding motility in toxoplasma gondii and parasite invasion in neospora caninum. | toxoplasma gondii hsp20 is a pellicle-associated functional chaperone whose biological role is still unknown. hsp20 is present in different apicomplexan parasites, showing a high degree of conservation across the phylum, with neospora caninum hsp20 presenting an 82% identity to that of t. gondii. hence rabbit anti-t. gondii hsp20 serum was able to recognize the n. caninum counterpart. interestingly, both n. caninum and t. gondii hsp20 localized to the inner membrane complex and to the plasma mem ... | 2012 | 22902747 |
| label-free molecular analysis of live neospora caninum tachyzoites in host cells by selective scanning raman micro-spectroscopy. | a selective scanning method was used to measure spatially resolved raman spectra of live neospora caninum tachyzoites colonizing human brain microvascular-endothelial cells. the technique allowed the detection of nucleic acids, lipids and proteins linked to the parasites and their cellular micro-environment at ∼10× shorter acquisition time compared to raster scanning. | 2012 | 22842554 |
| production, characterization and applications for toxoplasma gondii-specific polyclonal chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins. | toxoplasma gondii may cause abortions, ocular and neurological disorders in warm-blood hosts. immunized mammals are a wide source of hyperimmune sera used in different approaches, including diagnosis and the study of host-parasite interactions. unfortunately, mammalian antibodies present limitations for its production, such as the necessity for animal bleeding, low yield, interference with rheumatoid factor, complement activation and affinity to fc mammalian receptors. igy antibodies avoid those ... | 2012 | 22808150 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in dogs from korea. | toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum are closely related protozoan parasites, they share many common hosts, and can cause neurological diseases in dogs. dogs can have close contacts with humans and livestock and therefore they can act as reservoirs of these parasites. the aim of this study was to survey the seroprevalence of antibodies against t. gondii and n. caninum and their co-infection rate in dogs in korea. in total, sera from 553 domestic dogs were collected from different breeds, sexes ... | 2012 | 22807008 |
| neospora caninum in estonian dairy herds in relation to herd size, reproduction parameters, bovine virus diarrhoea virus, and bovine herpes virus 1. | cows infected with the tissue parasite neospora caninum (nc) are more likely to abort or give birth to calves with neurological disorders. the known infection routes are transplacentally and by consumption of oocysts shed by the definitive host, the dog. it has been hypothesised, that dormant stages of persistent nc infection may be reactivated by immunosuppression mechanisms such as pathogenic invasions as bovine herpes virus 1 (bhv1) and bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv). the study was set t ... | 2012 | 22721941 |
| survey of nine abortifacient infectious agents in aborted bovine fetuses from dairy farms in beijing, china, by pcr. | abortion in dairy cattle causes considerable economic losses to the dairy industry. aborted fetuses and samples from the corresponding aborting dams from 12 dairy herds in beijing were tested for 9 abortifacient infectious pathogens by pcr between 2008 and 2010. from a total of 80 abortion cases collected during this period, infectious agents were detected in 45 (56.3%) cases, 22 (48.9%) of which represented co-infections with two or three infectious agents. the detected pathogens included infec ... | 2012 | 22366134 |
| pathogens of wild maned wolves (chrysocyon brachyurus) in brazil. | the maned wolf, chrysocyon brachyurus, is an endangered neotropical canid that survives at low population densities. diseases are a potential threat for its conservation but to date have been poorly studied. we performed clinical evaluations and investigated the presence of infectious diseases through serology and coprologic tests on maned wolves from galheiro natural private reserve, perdizes city, minas gerais state, southeastern brazil. fifteen wolves were captured between 2003 and 2008. we f ... | 2012 | 23060508 |
| multivariate model for the assessment of risk of fetal loss in goat herds. | the observational study was carried out in a population of polish breeding goats in 2007 to determine the prevalence of fetal loss and identify risk factors contributing to its occurrence. the multivariate model allowing to predict the risk of the occurrence of fetal loss in a herd in a study population was developed. data on the occurrence of fetal loss, as well as of 28 hypothesized risk factors were collected from goat owners using standardized questionnaire during face-to-face reviews on far ... | 2012 | 22708360 |
| genetic mapping and coccidial parasites: past achievements and future prospects. | coccidial parasites including cryptosporidium parvum, cyclospora cayetanensis, neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii and the eimeria species can cause severe disease of medical and veterinary importance. as many as one-third of the human population may carry t. gondii infection, and eimeria are thought to cost the global poultry production industry in excess of us$2 billion per annum. despite their significance, effective vaccines are scarce and have been confined to the veterinary field. as seque ... | 2012 | 23107923 |
| identification and characterization of a novel neospora caninum immune mapped protein 1. | immune mapped protein 1 (imp1) is a newly discovered protein in eimeria maxima. it is recognized as a potential vaccine candidate against e. maxima and a highly conserved protein in apicomplexan parasites. although the neospora caninum imp1 (ncimp1) orthologue of e. maxima imp1 was predicted in the n. caninum genome, it was still not identified and characterized. in this study, cdna sequence encoding ncimp1 was cloned by rt-pcr from rna isolated from nc1 tachyzoites. ncimp1 was encoded by an ope ... | 2012 | 22405293 |
| the molecular basis for the distinct host and tissue tropisms of coccidian parasites. | the phylum apicomplexa is home to a variety of parasites of significant medical and economic relevance, including the coccidian species toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum and eimeria tenella. in spite of their shared ancestry, the aforementioned coccidian species exhibit highly variable host and tissue tropisms; whilst t. gondii invades a broad spectrum of cell types and host organisms, e. tenella infection is restricted to the caecum in chicken. apicomplexans are obligatory intracellular paras ... | 2012 | 22982139 |
| low efficacy of ncgra7, ncsag4, ncbsr4 and ncsrs9 formulated in poly-ε-caprolactone against neospora caninum infection in mice. | the protective efficacy of vaccination with neospora caninum recombinant antigens was evaluated in balb/c pregnant and non-pregnant mouse models of neosporosis. a major immunodominant dense granule protein (ncgra7) and three bradyzoite-specific surface antigens (ncsag4, ncbsr4 and ncsrs9) were expressed in escherichia coli and encapsulated within poly-ε-caprolactone (pcl) nanoparticles for the first time. good efficiencies of entrapment (greater than 50%) were obtained for all encapsulated prote ... | 2012 | 22640942 |
| development of latex agglutination test with recombinant ncsag1 for the rapid detection of antibodies to neospora caninum in cattle. | neospora caninum, an apicomplexan protozoan parasite, is recognized as a major cause of abortion in cattle. surface antigen 1 of n. caninum (ncsag1) is an important immunodominant candidate for the development of a diagnostic reagent for neosporosis. the present study describes the development and evaluation of a latex agglutination test (lat) with recombinant ncsag1 (rncsag1) for the detection of antibodies to n. caninum in cattle. the rncsag1 gene was cloned in pet-28a and protein was expresse ... | 2012 | 22571832 |
| development of a diagnostic method for neosporosis in cattle using recombinant neospora caninum proteins. | neosporosis is an infectious disease primarily of cattle and dogs, caused by intracellular parasite, neospora caninum. neosporosis appears to be a major cause of abortion in dairy cattle worldwide and causes to huge economic loss to dairy industry. | 2012 | 22558916 |
| characterization of neospora caninum microneme protein 10 (ncmic10) and its potential use as a diagnostic marker for neosporosis. | improvements in the serological diagnosis of neosporosis are needed to differentiate acute versus chronic neospora caninum infections. in the present study, n. caninum microneme protein 10 (ncmic10), similar to other microneme proteins, was shown to be released in a calcium-dependent manner. ncmic10 may be discharged during active invasion of host cells by the parasite, and thus represent an excellent marker for the diagnosis of neosporosis. in order to test this hypothesis, recombinant ncmic10 ... | 2012 | 22284302 |
| di-cationic arylimidamides act against neospora caninum tachyzoites by interference in membrane structure and nucleolar integrity and are active against challenge infection in mice. | neospora caninum is considered to be the main cause of bovine abortion in europe and the usa, leading to considerable financial impact. losses are caused directly by abortions or indirectly through breeding of calves with impaired viability. due to the lack of effective chemotherapy against bovine neosporosis, there is a need to develop new anti-protozoal compounds, which would either eliminate the parasite or avoid its transmission. in order to identify compounds of interest, the in vitro activ ... | 2012 | 24533272 |
| Efficacy of a Neospora caninum killed tachyzoite vaccine in preventing abortion and vertical transmission in dairy cattle. | A clinical trial was undertaken to assess the efficacy of Bovilis(®) Neoguard, a killed Neospora caninum tachyzoite vaccine on 5 commercial dairy farms in New Zealand with a history of Neospora-associated abortion. Cattle were enrolled in the trial at 30-60 days of gestation and randomly allocated to treatment or control groups. Treatment consisted of 5mL doses of Bovilis Neoguard administered subcutaneously at enrolment then 4 weeks later. Isotonic saline was administered to the control group. ... | 2012 | 21925752 |
| cytokine gene expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from neospora caninum naturally infected dams throughout gestation. | neospora caninum is a major cause of abortion in cattle but it is not known why some infected animals suffer abortion while others do not. an essential role in protective immunity against n. caninum has been proposed for th1 cytokines such as ifn-γ and il-12 although cytokine patterns in n. caninum infected pregnant cattle have been scarcely addressed. in this study, gene expression of the cytokines ifn-γ, il-12, il-10, il-4 and tnf-α was analyzed by real time rt-pcr in peripheral blood mononucl ... | 2012 | 21846584 |
| study of the risk factors associated with neospora caninum seroprevalence in algerian cattle populations. | bovine abortions due to neospora caninum infection were reported worldwide. the situation in algeria was unknown. for the evaluation of the prevalence of n. caninum and its associated risk factors, 799 cattle belonging to 87 farms of the north and northeast of algeria were analyzed. the cattle were divided into imported cattle, local cattle and improved cattle corresponding to breeding between imported and local cattle. sera were examined for the presence of n. caninum antibodies by indirect flu ... | 2012 | 22244708 |
| immunological characterization of neospora caninum cyclophilin. | summaryneospora caninum is an intracellular parasite that poses a unique ability to infect a variety of cell types by causing host cell migration. although previous studies demonstrated that parasite-derived proteins could trigger host cell migration, the related molecules have yet to be determined. our study aimed to investigate the relationship between neospora-derived molecules and host cell migration using recombinant protein of n. caninum cyclophilin (nccyp). indirect fluorescent antibody t ... | 2012 | 22217002 |
| causes of abortion on new zealand dairy farms with a history of abortion associated with neospora caninum. | abstract | 2012 | 22175426 |
| high rate of transplacental infection and transmission of neospora caninum following experimental challenge of cattle at day 210 of gestation. | in order to investigate the pathogenesis of neosporosis following a primary infection in late pregnancy, cattle were subcutaneously challenged with 5 × 108neospora caninum (nc1 isolate) tachyzoites at day 210 of gestation and serial necropsies were then carried out at 14, 28, 42 and 56 days post-infection (dpi). no abortions occurred and all the foetuses were viable at the time of euthanasia. there was a high rate of vertical transmission, as parasites were detected by immunohistochemical labell ... | 2012 | 23228067 |
| [seroprevalence of neospora caninum in dairy cattle farms in algeria's central northern region]. | as there has been little research into the epidemiological status of bovine neosporosis in algeria, the main aims of this study were to confirm the circulation of neospora caninum in the country and to determine its seroprevalence in dairy cattle in five provinces of algeria's central northern region by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence. a serological study of 186 dairy cattle declared brucellosis-free established an overall seroprevalence of 12.37%, conf ... | 2012 | 23520748 |
| toxoplasmosis and neosporosis among beef cattle slaughtered for food in western thailand. | beef is a main type of meat consumed by thais. the prevalences of anti-toxoplasma gondii and anti-neospora caninum antibodies were investigated among beef cattle slaughtered for food in western thailand. a total of 389 blood samples obtained from beef cattle from 24 herds were collected at 3 slaughterhouses in 3 western provinces of thailand: kanchanaburi, ratchaburi and nakhon pathom. an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat) was performed using cut-off values of 1:128 for t. gondii an ... | 2012 | 23431814 |
| fatal toxoplasmosis in a vinaceous amazon parrot (amazona vinacea). | toxoplasmosis was diagnosed in a vinaceous amazon parrot based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. the bird was prostrate on the bottom of the cage and died. necropsy revealed edema and congestion of the lungs, cloudy air sacs, and mild hepatomegaly. histopathology revealed severe pulmonary congestion and edema and interstitial mononuclear cell inflammation associated with many cysts containing bradyzoites of toxoplasma gondii scattered throughout. the heart had mild multifocal lymphocyt ... | 2012 | 23397856 |
| antimicrobial effects of murine mesenchymal stromal cells directed against toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum: role of immunity-related gtpases (irgs) and guanylate-binding proteins (gbps). | mesenchymal stromal cells (mscs) have a multilineage differentiation potential and provide immunosuppressive and antimicrobial functions. murine as well as human mscs restrict the proliferation of t cells. however, species-specific differences in the underlying molecular mechanisms have been described. here, we analyzed the antiparasitic effector mechanisms active in murine mscs. murine mscs, in contrast to human mscs, could not restrict the growth of a highly virulent strain of toxoplasma gondi ... | 2012 | 23269418 |
| the rhoptry proteome of eimeria tenella sporozoites. | proteins derived from the rhoptry secretory organelles are crucial for the invasion and survival of apicomplexan parasites within host cells. the rhoptries are club-shaped organelles that contain two distinct subpopulations of proteins that localise to separate compartments of the organelle. proteins from the neck region (rhoptry neck proteins, ron) are secreted early in invasion and a subset of these is critical for the formation and function of the moving junction between parasite and host mem ... | 2012 | 23262303 |
| effects of ifn-γ, tnf-α, il-10 and tgf-β on neospora caninum infection in rat glial cells. | neospora caninum causes abortion in cattle and neurological disorders in dogs. the immunological response to this parasite has been described as predominantly of the th1 type. however, infected primary glial cell cultures release il-10 and il-6 but not ifn-γ. this suggests a rather protective response of the glia to avoid inflammatory damage of the nervous tissue. in this study, we investigated the effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines in primary mixed cultures of rat astrocytes and microglia in ... | 2012 | 23262170 |
| contact with domestic dogs increases pathogen exposure in endangered african wild dogs (lycaon pictus). | infectious diseases have contributed to the decline and local extinction of several wildlife species, including african wild dogs (lycaon pictus). mitigating such disease threats is challenging, partly because uncertainty about disease dynamics makes it difficult to identify the best management approaches. serious impacts on susceptible populations most frequently occur when generalist pathogens are maintained within populations of abundant (often domestic) "reservoir" hosts, and spill over into ... | 2012 | 22238695 |