Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| the relationship of hammondia hammondi and sarcocystis mucosa to other heteroxenous cyst-forming coccidia as inferred by phylogenetic analysis of the 18s ssu ribosomal dna sequence. | the complete sequence of the 18s small subunit (ssu) ribosomal dna of hammondia hammondi and sarcocystis mucosa was obtained and compared to ssu rdna sequences of neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii, besnoitia besnoiti, 2 species of frenkelia, 3 species of isospora, and 13 species of sarcocystis. analyses showed that h. hammondi and t. gondii are monophyletic and that these taxa shared a common ancestor with n. caninum and b. besnoiti. the weight of evidence shows that s. mucosa, s. neurona, and ... | 1999 | 10466120 |
| serological evidence of human infection with the protozoan neospora caninum. | neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that is closely related to toxoplasma gondii. dogs are a definitive host. prior to its discovery in 1988, n. caninum infection in animals was often mistakenly diagnosed as toxoplasmosis. neosporosis in animals is characterized by encephalitis, abortion, and other conditions that clinically and pathologically resemble toxoplasmosis. the potential of n. caninum to infect humans is unknown. therefore, evidence of human exposure to this parasite was sought by ... | 1999 | 10473533 |
| seroprevalences of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii in nondomestic felids from southern africa. | sera from 68 nondomestic captive and free-ranging felids from southern africa were tested for antibodies to neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii by the indirect fluorescent antibody test. four of the 68 (5.9%) serum samples were positive for antibodies to n. caninum, with titers ranging from 1:50 to 1:200. all other animals were negative for antibodies to n. caninum at a dilution of 1:50. fifty of the 68 (74%) serum samples tested positive for antibodies to t. gondii, with titers ranging from ... | 1999 | 10484140 |
| serum antibody profile and reproductive performance during two consecutive pregnancies of cows naturally infected with neospora caninum. | the objective of this study was to record how the antibody levels change over time during pregnancy in dairy cows naturally infected with the protozoan parasite neospora caninum, and relate this to the reproductive performance. eighteen cows with antibodies to n. caninum were serum sampled monthly during their first pregnancy and 13 of them were also followed for a second pregnancy. in all, five pregnancies ended in abortion and two in stillbirth. antibodies to n. caninum in serum were demonstra ... | 1999 | 10488725 |
| prevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum in dogs. | serum samples from 1077 dogs suspected of having neospora caninum infections from 35 states in the united states and 3 provinces in canada were tested for n. caninum igg antibodies by the indirect fluorescent antibody test. antibodies to n. caninum were found in 75 of 1077 (7%) of the samples. twenty of the positive dogs were females, 17 were males and the sex was not recorded on 38 dogs. chi square analysis indicated no differences (p > 0.05) based on sex were present. dogs from the southeast a ... | 1999 | 10488735 |
| seroprevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum and associated abortion in dairy cattle from central thailand. | a total of 904 sera from dairy cattle in 11 provinces of central thailand were tested for antibodies to neospora caninum employing the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). fifty four (6%) cattle were positive in ifat, titres of 1:200 (16 cattle), 1:400 (9 cattle), 1:800 (14 cattle), 1:1600 (7 cattle), 1:3200 (6 cattle) and two positives. no significant difference was observed among the provinces. the seropositivity for toxoplasma gondii by a commercial latex agglutination test was 4% (2 ou ... | 1999 | 10489202 |
| prevalence of antibodies to sarcocystis neurona, toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in horses from argentina. | sera from 76 horses from argentina were examined for antibodies to sarcocystis neurona, toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum. antibodies to s. neurona were found in 27 (35.5%) of 76 horses using immunoblots with culture derived merozoites as antigen. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 10 (13.1%) of 76 horses by using the modified agglutination test with formalin-fixed tachyzoites and mercaptoethanol; titers were 1:25 (two horses), 1:50 (six horses), 1:100 (two horses), and 1:200 (one horse) ... | 1999 | 10489203 |
| seroprevalence of neospora caninum in dairy cattle in bahia, brazil. | sera collected from 447 dairy cattle on 14 dairy farms were tested for neospora caninum antibodies by use of an immunofluorescent antibody technique. positive reactions with titres > or =1:200 were found in 63 (14.09%) of animals. neospora positive sera were also tested for toxoplasma gondii antibodies by using a commercial latex agglutination test. antibodies to t. gondii were detected in 3 (4.76%) of 63 n. caninum positive sera. these results indicate that n. caninum infection is widespread am ... | 1999 | 10489205 |
| serologic prevalence of sarcocystis neurona, toxoplasma gondii, and neospora caninum in horses in brazil. | to determine serologic prevalence of sarcocystis neurona, toxoplasma gondii, and neospora caninum in horses in brazil. | 1999 | 10511862 |
| estimation of neospora caninum seroprevalence in dairy cattle from normandy, france. | an epidemiological study was conducted in orne (france) on randomly selected dairy herds (42 herds including 1,924 cows and heifers, which were at least 15 months old). the aim was primarily to estimate the seroprevalence of neospora caninum infection from two blood samples per cow, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for n. caninum (one positive result indicating infection). the second aim was to test the association between some individual and herd factors and n. caninum seropos ... | 1999 | 10543387 |
| characterization of a cdna encoding a subtilisin-like serine protease (nc-p65) of neospora caninum. | the nc-p65 cdna is the first protease sequence cloned and described for neospora caninum. the full length cdna was isolated by 5'- and 3'-rapid amplification of cdna ends (race). nc-p65 was composed of 865 amino acids with a predicted signal sequence, a proposed pro-domain, and an internal region of conserved repeats. analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that this protein had homology to the serine proteases of the subtilisin-like superfamily (subtilases) and had a predicted acti ... | 1999 | 10551364 |
| detection by pcr of neospora caninum in fetal tissues from spontaneous bovine abortions. | the routine diagnosis of neospora caninum abortion is based upon histopathologic changes in fetal tissues and identification of tissue parasites by immunohistochemistry. confirmation of n. caninum infection by immunohistochemistry has low sensitivity. in the present study, we examined the utility of pcr in detecting n. caninum infection in fetal tissues from spontaneous bovine abortion. dna was obtained from fresh and formalin-fixed tissues from 61 bovine fetuses submitted for abortion diagnosis ... | 1999 | 10565932 |
| comparison of the ifat and iscom-elisa response in bovine foetuses with neospora caninum infection. | the study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of foetal serology in the diagnosis of neospora-associated bovine abortions. fluids from 14 foetuses of cows with confirmed neosporosis (group a), seven foetuses with confirmed bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvd infection) (group b) and 11 aborted foetuses without demonstrable infection (group c) were examined. the age of the foetuses ranged from 4.5 months to 9 months. albumin concentration (measured by rocket immunoelectrophoresis) was not sign ... | 1999 | 10576568 |
| the antigenic composition of neospora caninum. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite which causes neosporosis, namely stillbirth and abortion in cattle, and neuromuscular disease in dogs. although n. caninum is phylogenetically and biologically closely related to toxoplasma gondii, it is antigenically clearly distinct. in analogy to t. gondii, three stages have been identified. these are: (i) asexually proliferating tachyzoites; (ii) tissue cysts harbouring slowly dividing bradyzoites; and (iii) oocysts containing sporozoites. the sex ... | 1999 | 10576569 |
| significance of neospora caninum in british dairy cattle determined by estimation of seroprevalence in normally calving cattle and aborting cattle. | a case control study was conducted to evaluate the significance of neospora caninum infections in cattle in england and wales. the prevalence of n. caninum in normally calving cattle (the control group; n = 418) and aborting cattle (n = 633) was estimated using a commercial antibody-detection elisa. prevalence estimates for bovine virus diarrhoea virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and leptospira hardjo were also obtained by serology. the prevalence of n. caninum was significantly hig ... | 1999 | 10576570 |
| towards evaluating the economic impact of bovine neosporosis. | in spite of the global importance of neosporosis as a cause of bovine abortion, there is very little information about its economic consequences. the economic costs are a product of estimations of the quantity of the effects attributable to neospora infection, and the particular unit costs of those effects. in this brief review, which arose from a workshop on the economics of coccidiosis held at the cost 820 meeting, toledo 1998, we discuss the possible effects of neosporosis which are of econom ... | 1999 | 10576571 |
| seroprevalence of neospora caninum infection in dairy and beef cattle in spain. | in recent years, neosporosis has been identified as a major cause of abortion in dairy and beef cattle. although the disease has been described worldwide, there is a jack of information concerning the prevalence of this infection in different cattle production systems. the aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of neospora caninum infection in a representative area of beef and dairy cattle production in spain. a cross-sectional study was undertaken in which herds constituted the ... | 1999 | 10576572 |
| development and validation of species-specific nested pcrs for diagnosis of acute sarcocystiosis in sheep. | sheep may be infected by four species of sarcocystis. two of these species, sarcocystis tenella and sarcocystis arieticanis, are pathogenic. they may cause abortion or acute disease during the early phase of infection, and chronic disease during the late phase of infection. thus far, diagnosis of sarcocystiosis in sheep has been limited, because traditional diagnostic tests based on the detection of sarcocystis-specific antibodies are only genus-specific and, thus, cannot differentiate between p ... | 1999 | 10576582 |
| hepatic sarcocystosis in a horse. | hepatic sarcocystosis was diagnosed in a horse in association with refractory bacterial osteomyelitis and plasma cell tumor of the maxilla and hepatic salmonellosis. gross lesions included pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal effusions, hepatomegaly, gastric ulceration, colonic edema, and proliferative tissues filling 2 maxillary dental alveoli. histologically, liver was characterized by severe suppurative, necrotizing, periportal hepatitis, and severe periacinar necrosis. hepatocytes frequently ... | 1999 | 10577737 |
| prevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum in horses in north america. | serum samples from 296 horses slaughtered for food in the united states were tested for antibodies to neospora caninum by the neospora-agglutination test (nat). antibodies were found in 69 (23.3%) horses with titers of 1:40 (19 horses), 1:80 (19 horses), 1:100 (3 horses), 1:200 (7 horses), 1:400 (4 horses), and 1:800 (17 horses). this is the first serologic survey for n. caninum antibodies in horses. | 1999 | 10577738 |
| outbreak of abortion associated with neospora caninum infection in a beef herd. | abortion outbreaks caused by infection with neospora caninum in beef cattle have not been well documented. neospora caninum infection was confirmed in 4 fetuses that were aborted by cattle in a 350-head beef herd; an additional 58 cattle aborted during the next 2.5 months. overall, 44.4% (157/354) of the cattle in the herd did not become pregnant or experienced fetal loss during this period. initially, 81.3% (282/347) of the herd was seropositive for antibodies to n caninum, and seropositive cow ... | 1999 | 10579048 |
| effect of polyclonal antisera developed against dense granule-associated neospora caninum proteins on cell invasion and development in vitro by n. caninum tachyzoites. | the effects of polyclonal antisera to 2 recombinant dense granule (dg) antigens of neospora caninum on invasion and development by n. caninum tachyzoites in baby hamster kidney cell cultures were examined. in immunofluorescent antibody tests, the anti-dg sera, at dilutions of 1:100 to 1:500, reacted intensely with individual intracellular tachyzoites and groups of tachyzoites enclosed in parasitophorous vacuoles at 2 and 52 h p.i., respectively. tachyzoites suspended in diluted anti-dg sera and ... | 1999 | 10599076 |
| evaluation of a commercial elisa for detecting serum antibody to neospora caninum in cattle. | a commercially available serum antibody detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for neospora caninum in cattle was evaluated against an immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat) by applying it to 397 sera from normal adult cattle, 352 sera from cattle which had recently aborted, and 422 sera from two herds which had a history of n caninum-associated abortions. it was evaluated in two laboratories and showed high reproducibility, repeatability and almost perfect or substantial agreement with the ... | 1999 | 10606017 |
| neosporosis--the first decade of research. | this paper reviews the history of neospora caninum for the past decade, and provides a prospective for research for the next decade. | 1999 | 10608433 |
| comparison of the major antigens of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii. | the apicomplexa are a diverse group of parasitic protozoa with very ancient phylogenetic roots. consistent with their phylogeny, the extant species share conserved proteins and traits that were found in their apicomplexan progenitor, but at the same time they have diverged to occupy different biological niches (e.g. host-range and cell type). characterisation of gene and protein diversity is important for distinguishing between related parasites, for determining their phylogeny, and for providin ... | 1999 | 10608434 |
| serological diagnosis of neospora caninum infection. | since the first isolation of the apicomplexan parasite neospora caninum, a range of serological assays have been developed for use in dogs, cattle and a variety of other potential host species. the tests include the indirect fluorescent antibody test, the direct agglutination test and different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. this article reviews the principles and properties of the available tests which are discussed in relation to different applications. | 1999 | 10608435 |
| comparative ultrastructure of tachyzoites, bradyzoites, and tissue cysts of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii. | the ultrastructure of tachyzoites, bradyzoites and tissue cysts of the nc-1, nc-5 and nc-liverpool strains of neospora caninum are reviewed and compared with those of the veg and me-49 strains of toxoplasma gondii. while each stage of n. caninum and t. gondii shared many ultrastructural characteristics, each parasite stage also had certain features or organelles that could be used to distinguish the two parasites. some of the most prominent ultrastructural differences occurred in the number, app ... | 1999 | 10608436 |
| a structural study of the neospora caninum oocyst. | oocysts of neospora caninum were collected from the faeces of a dog fed mouse brains containing tissue cysts of the nc-beef strain of n. caninum. sporulated oocysts were spherical to subspherical, and were 11.7x11.3 microm. the length/width ratio was 1.04. no micropyle or oocyst residuum was present. polar granules were not present, although occasionally tiny refractile granules were seen among sporocysts. sporocysts were ellipsoidal, did not contain a stieda body, and were 8.4x6.1 microm. the l ... | 1999 | 10608437 |
| experimental inoculation of domestic pigeons (columbia livia) and zebra finches (poephila guttata) with neospora caninum tachyzoites. | dogs are a definitive host of neospora caninum and cattle are intermediate hosts. alternative life-cycles have not been investigated. foxes are frequently seropositive, but may not commonly prey upon cattle; therefore, other intermediate hosts may exist that are frequent prey of foxes. three domestic pigeons (columbia livia) and three zebra finches (poephila guttata) were inoculated with n. caninum tachyzoites, to determine if they could serve as intermediate hosts. tissue culture, pcr, serology ... | 1999 | 10608438 |
| ingestion of neospora caninum tissue cysts by mustela species. | dogs are a definitive host of neospora caninum, a protozoal parasite that causes abortion in cattle. mustelids were tested to determine if they could also be definitive hosts. the procedures used were the same as those previously used to test dogs. ermine (mustela erminea), weasels (mustela frenata) and ferrets (mustela putorius) were fed n. caninum-infected mice. neospora caninum oocysts were not observed. mustelid faeces were fed to mice. the mice did not seroconvert and n. caninum was not det ... | 1999 | 10608439 |
| phylogenetic analysis based on full-length large subunit ribosomal rna gene sequence comparison reveals that neospora caninum is more closely related to hammondia heydorni than to toxoplasma gondii. | since its first description in the late 1980s, neospora caninum has been recognised as a prominent tissue cyst-forming parasite due to its ability to induce congenital disease and abortion in animals, especially cattle. it is found worldwide and is a cause of significant economic losses for the livestock industry. however, its place within the family sarcocystidae, like that of several other taxa, remains unresolved. neospora caninum shares several morphological and life cycle characters with ha ... | 1999 | 10608441 |
| sequence evidence for an altered genetic code in the neospora caninum plastid. | the plastid dna of neospora caninum encodes a homologue of the rpob gene, which is believed to encode a subunit of a bacterial or chloroplast-like rna polymerase. the predicted protein product of the n. caninum rpob gene has three in-frame uga codons which appear to encode tryptophan residues rather than act as stop codons. based on the nucleotide sequence of a portion of the ssrrna gene of the n. caninum plastid, a model for suppression of uga termination in this plastid is presented. | 1999 | 10608442 |
| physical characterisation of the plastid dna in neospora caninum. | the physical characteristics of the plastid dna in neospora caninum were investigated using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and tem. in a comparison of contour-clamped homogenous electric field and field inversion gel electrophoresis, the latter proved the more successful technique for studying the plastid molecules. in most cases, restriction or modifying enzymes were required to enable the plastid dna molecules to enter the gel from the well area. the unit length of the plastid of n. caninum ... | 1999 | 10608443 |
| differentiation of neospora hughesi from neospora caninum based on their immunodominant surface antigen, sag1 and srs2. | neospora hughesi is a newly recognised parasite that is closely related to neospora caninum, and is a cause of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. we have characterised two n. hughesi immunodominant tachyzoite antigens which exhibit antigenic and molecular differences from the homologous tachyzoite antigens on n. caninum. these antigens on n. hughesi are referred to as nhsag1 and nhsrs2, using the same mnemonics as used for the n. caninum antigens (ncsag1 and ncsrs2), and are homologous to toxop ... | 1999 | 10608444 |
| a competitive pcr assay for quantitative detection of neospora caninum. | a quantitative-competitive pcr (qc-pcr) assay was developed for measurement of neospora caninum levels in the tissues of infected animals. a molecule was synthesised for use in pcr as a competitor to the target neospora-specific nc5 genomic sequence. the assay was used to evaluate the relative level of parasites in the brain and lungs of mouse pups in a model of vertical transmission of n. caninum. infection on day 11 of gestation resulted in similar levels of parasites in all offspring. the ass ... | 1999 | 10608445 |
| development of a single tube nested polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of neospora caninum dna. | sensitive detection techniques are required to study the life cycle of neospora caninum and to diagnose infections. in this study, we describe the development of a pcr assay for n. caninum based on two successive amplification steps within a single tube. this technique, called single tube nested pcr, was sensitive to a single copy of target sequence, and able to amplify parasite dna from biological specimens such as formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of naturally infected dogs and cattle. ... | 1999 | 10608446 |
| detection of surface-associated and intracellular glycoconjugates and glycoproteins in neospora caninum tachyzoites. | the surface-associated molecules of the invasive stages of apicomplexan parasites such as neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii are most likely crucially involved in mediating the interaction between the parasite and its host cell. in n. caninum, several antigens have recently been identified which could participate in host cell adhesion and/or invasion. these are antigens which are either constitutively expressed on the outer plasma membrane, or antigens which are only transiently localised on ... | 1999 | 10608447 |
| immunogenicity of a killed whole neospora caninum tachyzoite preparation formulated with different adjuvants. | a killed whole neospora caninum tachyzoite preparation was formulated with various adjuvants and tested for its immunogenicity in cattle. the adjuvants used were: havlogen, a polymer of acrylic acid cross-linked with polyallylsucrose; polygen, a non-particulate copolymer; a mixture of havlogen and bay r-1005, which is a preparation of free base synthetic glycolipids; and montanide isa 773, a water-in-oil emulsion made with a mixture of metabolisable and mineral oils. immune responses in immunise ... | 1999 | 10608448 |
| phenotypic characterisation of a neospora caninum temperature-sensitive strain in normal and immunodeficient mice. | the in vivo persistence, immunogenicity and pathogenicity of a recently described temperature-sensitive (ts) strain from neospora caninum, ncts-8, was investigated in normal and immunodeficient mice. groups of balb/c and scid/bg mice were infected s.c. with 5 x 10(6) wild-type nc-1, control ncts-8 (pass 0) or ncts-8 tachyzoites prepared at four in vitro passage levels (pass 7, 13, 21 and 28). for persistence and immunogenicity studies, balb/c mice were bled and sacrificed at 4, 6 or 8 weeks p.i. ... | 1999 | 10608449 |
| interferon-gamma and interleukin-12 mediate protection to acute neospora caninum infection in balb/c mice. | the type of immune response required to protect mice against clinical disease during acute neospora caninum challenge was investigated in balb/c mice. groups of female balb/c mice were infected i.p. with n. caninum tachyzoites concomitant with either: (1) antibody to interferon-gamma; (2) recombinant murine interleukin-12; or (3) recombinant murine interleukin-12 plus antibody to interferon-gamma. mice treated with anti-interferon-gamma alone had increased morbidity/mortality, decreased body wei ... | 1999 | 10608450 |
| oral infection of calves with neospora caninum oocysts from dogs: humoral and cellular immune responses. | neospora caninum has been identified as a major cause of abortion in cattle in a number of countries throughout the world. until the recent demonstration that dogs can serve as a definitive host of this parasite, it was not possible to study the infection in cattle orally exposed to oocysts. the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of n. caninum oocysts to infect calves, and to define initial immune responses that arise after oral infection. seven calves were fed approximately 10(4 ... | 1999 | 10608451 |
| bovine neosporosis: comparison of serological methods using outbreak sera from a dairy herd in new zealand. | serological methods developed to detect neospora caninum specific bovine antibodies were compared using sera from an abortion outbreak on a dairy farm in new zealand. these methods included four elisas, ifat and immunoblot. the abortions (n = 16) on the farm were restricted to one of two groups of the herd which consisted of 194 adult dairy cows. all elisas, ifat and immunoblot (applying stringent cut-off levels) revealed a statistically significant association between seropositivity and abortio ... | 1999 | 10608452 |
| postnatal neospora caninum transmission and transient serologic responses in two dairies. | cattle on two typically managed drylot dairies were serologically monitored from birth through year 1 to year 4 of life to characterise congenital and postnatal neospora caninum transmission. of the 456 calves enrolled, 284 were classified as n. caninum negative and 172 were classified as n. caninum positive. ninety-six percent of congenitally infected calves were seropositive for all samples tested. seven (4%) of the 172 congenitally infected animals had a period that persisted for 9 to 18 mont ... | 1999 | 10608453 |
| seroepidemiological evidence for a relationship between neospora caninum infections in dogs and cattle. | dogs from dairy farms with a known prevalence of neospora caninum antibodies in the cattle were examined for the presence of n. caninum antibodies using an elisa. data of farm dogs were compared with those of dogs examined at a university clinic, which originated mainly in urban areas. of the 152 farm dogs, 36 (23.6%) were seropositive to n. caninum, which was significantly higher than the proportion of seropositives in the clinic dog population (19 of 344, 5.5%). seroprevalence was significantl ... | 1999 | 10608454 |
| estimation of vertical and horizontal transmission parameters of neospora caninum infections in dairy cattle. | transmission parameters of neospora caninum infections in dairy cattle were determined in six herds with a history of neospora-associated abortions, using an antibody-detection elisa to detect evidence of infection. a total of 124 seropositive dams and their calves were tested at calving to estimate vertical transmission, and 154 seronegative heifers were monitored prospectively from birth for evidence of post-natal infection. the probability of vertical transmission was very high; 95.2% (95% co ... | 1999 | 10608455 |
| mathematical models of neospora caninum infection in dairy cattle: transmission and options for control. | the transmission and control of neospora caninum infection in dairy cattle was examined using deterministic and stochastic models. parameter estimates were derived from recent studies conducted in the uk and from the published literature. three routes of transmission were considered: maternal vertical transmission with a high probability (0.95), horizontal transmission from infected cattle within the herd, and horizontal transmission from an independent external source. putative infection via po ... | 1999 | 10608456 |
| neospora caninum infections in bovine foetuses and dairy cows with abortions in argentina. | antibodies to neospora caninum were measured in bovine foetuses, dairy cows and beef cows in argentina using the ifat, the n. caninum agglutination test, and the recombinant ncdg1 and ncdg2 elisa. serum antibodies (ifat titre 1:80) were found in 20 of 82 (24.4%) dairy cow foetuses and one of 22 (4.5%) beef cow foetuses. microscopic lesions suggestive of neosporosis were seen in brains of seven of eight foetuses with ifat titres of 1:80. antibodies (ifat) were found in 122 of 189 (64.5%) dairy co ... | 1999 | 10608457 |
| high prevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | serum samples of 400 white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) from 16 preserves in northeastern illinois were tested for neospora caninum antibodies in the n. caninum agglutination test using mouse-derived n. caninum tachyzoites and mercaptoethanol. antibodies were found in 162 deer with titres of 1:40 (47 deer), 1:80 (32 deer), 1:160 (17 deer), 1:200 (eight deer), 1:400 (19 deer), 1:800 (17 deer) and > or = 1:1600 (22 deer). there were no significant differences in prevalence between age or s ... | 1999 | 10608458 |
| the in vitro development of neospora caninum bradyzoites. | neospora caninum is a recently identified apicomplexan protozoan parasite that is closely related to toxoplasma gondii. neospora caninum is of significant economic importance as it causes neurological disease and abortion in numerous animals. antibodies to bag1/hsp30 (also known as bag5), a t. gondii bradyzoite-specific protein, have been demonstrated to react with n. caninum tissue cysts in vivo. bradyzoite differentiation of n. caninum in vitro was investigated using culture conditions previou ... | 1999 | 10608459 |
| growth of and competition between neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii in vitro. | competitive interactions between neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii were studied because both species appear to have identical ecological niches in vitro. tachyzoites of n. caninum (nc-1 isolate) and t. gondii (rh isolate) were compared in three in vitro studies: (1) rate of penetration of host cells; (2) generation time; and (3) competition between the two species when grown together in the same flask and allowed to compete for space. when tachyzoites of the two species were inoculated onto ... | 1999 | 10608460 |
| cellular immune responses in cattle experimentally infected with neospora caninum. | neospora caninum has recently been identified as an important cause of infectious abortion in cattle. the parasite is closely related to toxoplasma gondii, but the two species are antigenically distinct. to examine cell proliferative responses and the induction of ifn-gamma in experimentally infected cattle, four 2-4 months old calves were subcutaneously inoculated with n. caninum tachyzoites. peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected regularly and stimulated in vitro with a crude lysate ... | 1998 | 9988308 |
| increased risk of abortion following neospora caninum abortion outbreaks: a retrospective and prospective cohort study in four dairy herds. | explosive abortion outbreaks in 4 dutch dairy herds during 1992 to 1994 are reported. in 50 of 51 fetuses submitted during the first 3 wk of the outbreaks characteristic histological lesions compatible for infection with neospora caninum were seen. diagnosis of infection was confirmed by immunohistochemistry in 40 fetuses (78%). no evidence for other abortifacients was found. the abortion risk of the herds was investigated in a prospective and retrospective cohort study. the prospective study sh ... | 1998 | 10732067 |
| abortion risk in progeny of cows after a neospora caninum epidemic. | a study was done of the descendants of cows from 4 dairy herds in which there had been n. caninum abortion outbreaks. precolostral antibodies to n. caninum were demonstrated in 34 of 50 (68%) f1 calves and in 14 of 17 (82%) f2 calves from cows that aborted during the outbreaks. in 214 f1 progeny, n. caninum seroprevalence was nearly 50%, and there was a significant association between serostatus of the offspring and serostatus of dams. these observations indicated that congenital infection was a ... | 1998 | 10732068 |
| direct agglutination test for serologic diagnosis of neospora caninum infection. | a direct agglutination test was evaluated for the detection and quantitation of igg antibodies to neospora caninum in both experimental and natural infections in various animal species. as compared with results obtained by the indirect fluorescent antibody test, the direct agglutination test appeared reliable for the serologic diagnosis of neosporosis in a variety of animal species. the direct agglutination test should provide easily available and inexpensive tools for serologic testing for anti ... | 1998 | 9491426 |
| naturally occurring vertical transmission of neospora caninum in dogs. | vertical transmission of neospora caninum was studied in naturally infected, privately owned dogs, using antibody detection by ifat to identify infected individuals. retrospective studies were undertaken in litters from six bitches of the hamiltonstövare breed, and on litters from seven bitches of other breeds--in both cases following diagnosis of clinical disease in puppies--and prospective studies were carried out on 17 seropositive bitches of other breeds. puppies were classified as infected ... | 1998 | 9504335 |
| application of iscom antigen preparations in elisas for diagnosis of neospora and toxoplasma infections. | immunostimulating complexes (iscoms) are cage-like structures of about 40 nm composed of quil a, cholesterol, phospholipids and antigen. their main area of use has been as adjuvants and carriers of immunogens in vaccines. iscoms can also be used for selection of surface membrane proteins of micro-organisms for use in immunoassays, thus decreasing the number of internal proteins that might cause problems with non-specific binding and cross-reactivity. enzyme-linked immunoassays (elisas) utilising ... | 1998 | 9504345 |
| antigen-specific cd8+ t cells protect against lethal toxoplasmosis in mice infected with neospora caninum. | neospora caninum is a coccidial protozoan parasite that appears morphologically indistinguishable from toxoplasma gondii and that infects a large range of mammals. both inbred and outbred strains of mice exhibit a high degree of resistance to infection with n. caninum. three inbred strains of mice (a/j, balb/c, and c57bl/6) that were infected intraperitoneally with n. caninum were protected against a lethal challenge from t. gondii. vaccine-induced protection was neospora dose dependent. a rise ... | 1998 | 9529081 |
| identification and characterisation of a dense granule-associated protein in neospora caninum tachyzoites. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite which is morphologically and ultrastructurally very similar to toxoplasma gondii. in order to identify molecules involved in host cell entry and subsequent modification of the parasitophorous vacuole, a polyclonal antiserum directed against n. caninum tachyzoites was raised in a rabbit. subcellular fractionation of tachyzoites was performed using the non-ionic detergent triton-x-114. membrane fractions were analysed by immunoblotting using the polyclo ... | 1998 | 9559361 |
| seroprevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii in water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) from egypt. | sera from 75 water buffaloes from egypt were examined using a direct agglutination test incorporating mercaptoethanol for antibodies to neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii. antibodies to n. caninum were found in 51 (68%) of 75 buffaloes in titres of 1:20 (six buffaloes), 1:40 (15 buffaloes), 1:160 (one buffalo), 1:320 (one buffalo) and > or = 1:640 (28 buffaloes), using n. caninum formalin-preserved whole tachyzoites as antigen. antibodies to t. gondii were not found in a 1:100 dilution of se ... | 1998 | 9559371 |
| antibody response to hepatozoon canis in experimentally infected dogs. | canine hepatozoonosis is a disease caused by the tick-borne protozoan hepatozoon canis. five puppies were inoculated by ingestion of rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks experimentally infected with h. canis, and all became infected with h. canis: gametocytes were detected in blood smears from four dogs and schizonts were observed in the spleen and bone marrow of the fifth. antibodies reactive with h. canis gametocytes were detected by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifa), with igm detected in ... | 1998 | 9561714 |
| neosporosis-associated bovine abortion in pennsylvania. | neospora caninum was found in fetal tissues of 34 of 688 cases of bovine abortion submitted to the pennsylvania animal diagnostic laboratory system during the period from may 1994 to november 1996. the aborted fetuses ranged in gestational age from 3 to 8 months. microscopic lesions consisted primarily of encephalitis and myocarditis. a labeled (strept) avidin-biotin staining procedure using anti-n. caninum polyclonal rabbit serum revealed n. caninum organisms within the fetal brain (27 of 27), ... | 1998 | 9561715 |
| phylogenetic analysis of coccidia based on 18s rdna sequence comparison indicates that isospora is most closely related to toxoplasma and neospora. | the phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic affinities of coccidia with isosporan-type oocysts have been unclear as overlapping characters, recently discovered life cycle features, and even recently discovered taxa, continue to be incorporated into biological classifications of the group. we determined the full or partial 18s ribosomal rna gene sequences of three mammalian isospora spp., isospora felis, isospora ohioensis and isospora suis, and a sarcocystis sp. of a rattlesnake, and used these ... | 1998 | 9561772 |
| oral inoculation of cats with tissue cysts of neospora caninum. | to test the hypothesis that cats are definitive hosts of neospora caninum. | 1998 | 9563628 |
| prevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii in cattle and water buffaloes in southern vietnam. | serum samples from 200 dairy cattle and 200 beef water buffaloes were collected in southern vietnam during may to september 1995. the sera were analysed for antibodies to neospora caninum by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the indirect fluorescent antibody test, and for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii by the direct agglutination test. significant levels of n. caninum antibodies were detected in 5.5% of the cattle sera and in 1.5% of the water buffalo sera. 10.5% of the cattle sera and 3 ... | 1998 | 9566094 |
| characterization of neospora caninum iscom antigens using monoclonal antibodies. | neospora caninum is a cyst-forming coccidian parasite which in cattle can cause abortion and birth of feeble calves. for the serological diagnosis of neosporosis, antibodies directed to the parasite can be demonstrated by elisa, utilizing n. caninum proteins incorporated into iscoms (immunostimulating complexes) as antigen. electrophoretic and immunoblotting studies had earlier revealed that n. caninum iscoms contained a restricted number of proteins compared with soluble parasite extracts, but ... | 1998 | 9572050 |
| hydrocephalus associated with neospora caninum infection in an aborted bovine fetus. | this paper describes neospora caninum-associated hydrocephalus in an aborted hereford bovine fetus of 7 months' gestational age. numerous tachyzoites were observed in areas of the cerebrum with lesions of non-suppurative necrotizing encephalitis. | 1998 | 9573514 |
| vaccination of mice with neospora caninum: response to oral challenge with toxoplasma gondii oocysts. | neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that can cause severe disease in mammals. two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of subcutaneous (s.c.) vaccination with hank's balanced salt solution (hbss), 1 x 10(5) n. caninum nc-1 strain tachyzoites or 1 x 10(5) toxoplasma gondii ts-4 strain tachyzoites on challenge oral infections in mice with sporulated veg strain t. gondii oocysts (1 x 10(3) oocysts exp. 1 and 5 x 10(3) oocysts exp. 2). an additional study, experiment 3, evaluated s ... | 1998 | 9576504 |
| comparison of intracerebral parasite load, lesion development, and systemic cytokines in mouse strains infected with neospora caninum. | neospora caninum, an apicomplexan parasite closely related to toxoplasma gondii, causes abortion, stillbirths, and congenital neurologic disease in multiple animal species. the present study focuses on the development of encephalitis and intracerebral parasite load that occurs 6 wk postinfection (pi). utilizing balb/c, c57bl/6, and b10.d2 mice, an initial investigation was undertaken to determine the relative resistance of inbred strains to n. caninum-induced encephalitis. relative resistance wa ... | 1998 | 9576505 |
| comparison of the large subunit ribosomal dna of neospora and toxoplasma and development of a new genetic marker for their differentiation based on the d2 domain. | the latest release of the large subunit ribosomal database contains 429 sequences, yet only 10 (six nuclear and four mitochondrial) are derived from parasites of the phylum apicomplexa. three of these (all toxoplasma gondii) were previously contained in the 1994 release of the database. as an initiative towards an understanding of ribosomal gene organization in the apicomplexa, the primary sequence of the large subunit (lsu) rdna of neospora caninum is presented, and compared with a consensus se ... | 1998 | 9584073 |
| molecular and immunodiagnostic investigations on bovine neosporosis in switzerland. | neospora caninum has gained considerable attention through its role in the aetiology of bovine abortion. due to its close phylogenetic relationship with toxoplasma gondii, respective unequivocal differential diagnosis deserves special consideration. in order to evaluate the diagnostic performance of molecular and immunodiagnostic techniques and to provide insights into the epidemiological significance of bovine neosporosis in switzerland, we conducted a study on 83 cases of bovine abortion: of t ... | 1998 | 9602392 |
| prevalence of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sera from camels from egypt. | sera from camels from egypt were examined by the direct agglutination tests incorporating mercaptoethanol for antibodies to neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii. antibodies to n. caninum were found in 6 of 161 camels in titers of 1:40 (2 camels) and 1:80, 1:160, 1:640, and 1:1280 in 1 camel each, using n. caninum formalin preserved whole tachyzoites as antigen. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 17.4% of 166 camels in titers of 1:25 (3 camels), 1:50 (18 camels). and > 1:500 (8 camels) using ... | 1998 | 9637230 |
| experimental porcine neosporosis. | six gilts were inoculated intramuscularly with 2.5x10(6) tachyzoites of neospora caninum on three different days of gestation to study the pathogenic effect of neospora infection in pigs, including possible transplacental transmission. the gilts were euthanized 59, 30, and 9/10 days postinoculation (p.i.), corresponding to days 107, 102/106 and 110/111 of pregnancy. with the exception of one animal (euthanized day 9 p.i.) all gilts seroconverted as measured by the indirect, fluorescent antibody ... | 1998 | 9637270 |
| the pathogenesis of experimental neosporosis in pregnant sheep. | three groups of eight pregnant sheep were inoculated with tachyzoites of the ncl isolate of neospora caninum at 45 (group 1), 65 (group 2) or 90 (group 3) days' gestation. a further six animals (group 4) served as controls. fourteen of the infected ewes developed a fever, which in two cases was biphasic. in six ewes in group 1, the fetuses died and were resorbed, and in the other two the fetuses were aborted. in group 2, one ewe resorbed her fetus, six aborted dead fetuses and one produced a liv ... | 1998 | 9651804 |
| isolation of the cdna encoding a dense granule associated antigen (ncdg2) of neospora caninum. | 1998 | 9662039 | |
| a modified agglutination test for neospora caninum: development, optimization, and comparison to the indirect fluorescent-antibody test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | current serologic tests used to detect antibodies to neospora caninum require species-specific secondary antibodies, limiting the number of species that can be tested. in order to examine a wide variety of animal species that may be infected with n. caninum, a modified direct agglutination test (n-mat) similar to the toxoplasma gondii modified direct agglutination test (t-mat) was developed. this test measures the direct agglutination of parasites by n. caninum-specific antibodies in serum, thus ... | 1998 | 9665950 |
| protozoan infections (toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum and sarcocystis spp.) in sheep and goats: recent advances. | the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii is a serious cause of fetal mortality in sheep and goats. oocysts, the parasite stage responsible for initiating infection, are produced following a primary infection in cats. a primary infection in pregnant sheep and goats can establish a placental and fetal infection which may result in fetal death and resorption, abortion or stillbirth. diagnosis is aided by the clinical picture, the presence of characteristic small white necrotic foci in placental cot ... | 1998 | 9689743 |
| detection of antibodies to neospora caninum in bovine postabortion blood samples from hungary. | in order to obtain data on the occurrence of the protozoan parasite neospora caninum as a potential factor in the aetiology of reproduction problems in cattle, 97 postabortion sera were examined by iscom elisa and ifat for the presence of antibodies in n. caninum. the results showed 10% and 9% seropositivity by the elisa and ifat, respectively. in 2 of the 10 seropositive cases no other fetopathogenic agents (such as chlamydia sp., leptospira spp. or bovine viral diarrhoea virus) were detected. ... | 1998 | 9713144 |
| serological survey of antibody to neospora caninum in japanese dogs. | prevalence of antibody to neospora caninum (nc) in japanese dogs were examined. the antibody was positive in 15 of 48 dogs (31.3%) reared in the dairy farms that had case of the abortions due to nc infection or had the cattle seropositive to nc, whereas the prevalence was 7.1% (14 of 198 dogs) among the dogs kept in urban areas. in one dog breeder, all 17 shetland sheepdogs older than 7 months were seropositive, and one pup was diagnosed as neosporosis 2 months before the first serological exami ... | 1998 | 9713815 |
| differential expression of cell surface- and dense granule-associated neospora caninum proteins in tachyzoites and bradyzoites. | morphologically, the tachyzoites and the tissue cysts of neospora caninum are difficult to distinguish from those of other cyst-forming apicomplexan parasites such as toxoplasma gondii. several stage-specific antigens have been identified in t. gondii tachyzoites and bradyzoites, and respective antibodies are useful tools for discriminating between the 2 stages during tachyzoite-bradyzoite interconversion in t. gondii infections. whereas several cell surface- and dense granule-associated protein ... | 1998 | 9714206 |
| western blot analysis of the igg responses of ruminants infected with neospora caninum and with toxoplasma gondii. | the igg antibody responses of sheep, goats and cattle inoculated subcutaneously with live neospora caninum tachyzoites of the nc1 isolate were analysed by western blotting. antibodies were detected against a wide range of nc1 tachyzoite antigens (6.5 to 80 kda). the dominant antibody responses were directed against proteins at 36.5-38, 45.5-48.5, 52-53.5, 58, 58.5, 59.5, 60.5, 62, 63.5, 64, 66.5, 67, 67.5, 68.5 and 69.5 kda, with sera from all three species. these sera were also used to probe bl ... | 1998 | 9717126 |
| identification of neospora antigens recognized by cd4+ t cells and immune sera from experimentally infected cattle. | neospora caninum is recognized as a major cause of infectious abortion in cattle. very little is known about immunity to neospora. cell mediated responses have previously been shown to be important in the development of protective immunity to the closely related parasite toxoplasma gondii, and may therefore be an important component in the immune response to neospora. in this paper we report that a group of low molecular weight nci strain tachyzoite antigens (< or = 30 kda) separated by sds page ... | 1998 | 9717191 |
| polymerase chain reaction approaches for the detection of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii. | this review summarizes existing knowledge on the development and use of the polymerase chain reaction for the detection of dna from neospora and toxoplasma. several strategies which utilise the polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in humans and livestock have been described and they principally target the b1 repetitive sequence, the p30 gene or ribosomal dna. experience has shown that the polymerase chain reaction has proven insufficiently robust to serve as a diagnostic ... | 1998 | 9724876 |
| serodiagnosis of neosporosis in individual cows and dairy herds: a comparative study of three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. | the performance of three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) for detection of antibodies to neospora caninum in bovine sera was evaluated by using various categories of sera. two commercial elisa methods, one based on chemically fixed intact tachyzoites and one based on a sonicate lysate of whole tachyzoites, were compared with an in-house elisa based on a detergent lysate of whole tachyzoites. a brief description of the development of the latter elisa is also given. there was good agreem ... | 1998 | 9729540 |
| determination of the association between neospora caninum infection and reproductive performance in beef herds. | to determine seroprevalence of neospora caninum infection in beef herds and the association between serologic status and rate of abortion, stillbirth, calf mortality, and reproductive failure. | 1998 | 9731264 |
| neospora caninum infection in a bernese cattle dog from italy. | a cutaneous nodule associated with neospora caninum infection was diagnosed in a 5-year-old male bernese cattle dog from italy. the ulcerative lesion was 2-3 cm wide located in the skin of the tarsal region. haematological values were normal and the dog did not show any neurological abnormalities. the dermal lesion consisted of a diffuse necrotic dermatitis with a dense infiltrate of mostly neutrophils and macrophages, surrounded by a fibrous wall. histological sections revealed numerous tachyzo ... | 1998 | 9735914 |
| neospora caninum identification in an aborted bovine fetus in spain. | neospora caninum tachyzoites were identified in areas of the cerebrum with lesions of non-suppurative encephalitis in an aborted bovine fetus in spain. | 1998 | 9746288 |
| canine neosporosis: clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment and isolation of neospora caninum in mice and cell culture. | clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment and isolation of neospora caninum from two littermate dogs are described. three of six pups from a labrador bitch developed paralysis. neosporosis was diagnosed ante mortem by serological examination in two of the affected pups. at necropsy, tissue cysts were seen in unstained smears and in histologic sections of their brains. tissue cysts were often thin-walled (approximately 1 micron) but antigenically and ultrastructurally identified as n. caninum. further ... | 1998 | 9762578 |
| neosporosis in a dog in italy. | clinical neosporosis was diagnosed in a 2-month-old pit bull terrier from italy. neospora caninum tachyzoites were found in semitendinosus muscle with myositis. the diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining with anti-n. caninum specific antibodies. this is the first report of systemic neosporosis in dogs from italy. | 1998 | 9763320 |
| oral neospora caninum inoculation of neonatal calves. | four calves born to cows seronegative for neospora caninum were dosed orally within 6 h after birth with tachyzoites of the bovine n. caninum nc-sweb1 isolate added to colostrum. two of the calves were dosed via stomach tube and two by feeding bottle. the latter two calves showed transient fever and passed blood-stained diarrhoea 1-2 weeks after inoculation. from 5 weeks after inoculation they developed a significant antibody response which remained high until the calves were euthanised and necr ... | 1998 | 9770634 |
| dogs are definitive hosts of neospora caninum. | dogs were investigated to determine if they are definitive hosts of neospora caninum. four dogs were fed n. caninum tissue cysts in infected mouse tissue, and two negative control dogs were fed uninfected mouse tissue. dog faeces were examined daily for 30 days using a sucrose flotation technique. three challenged dogs shed spherical to subspherical unsporulated oocysts, measuring 10 to 11 microns in diameter. oocysts sporulated within 3 days and contained two sporocysts, each with four sporozoi ... | 1998 | 9770635 |
| neospora caninum-associated abortion in a dairy herd in argentina. | 1998 | 9770768 | |
| a multiple antigen elisa to detect neospora-specific antibodies in bovine sera, bovine foetal fluids, ovine and caprine sera. | neospora caninum is a cyst-forming coccidian parasite recently identified as a cause of abortion in cattle. the epidemiology of neosporosis is poorly understood, partly because accurate diagnosis of infection is difficult. in this paper we describe the development of a multiple antigen-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect antibodies to n. caninum in sera from cattle, sheep and goats as well as from bovine foetal fluids. a water-soluble fraction (wsf) of sonicated nc-1 strain ... | 1998 | 9777723 |
| the p29 and p35 immunodominant antigens of neospora caninum tachyzoites are homologous to the family of surface antigens of toxoplasma gondii. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite that is closely related to toxoplasma gondii and has been found to be associated with neurological disorders in dogs and congenital infections and abortions in cattle. we have identified two surface proteins of 29 and 35 kda (designated ncp29 and ncp35, respectively) from n. caninum tachyzoites that are the predominant antigens recognized by antisera from neospora-infected animals. monoclonal antibodies against ncp29 and ncp35 were used to analyze sev ... | 1998 | 9784539 |
| description of a new neospora species (protozoa: apicomplexa: sarcocystidae). | neospora hughesi n. sp. was isolated from the central nervous system tissue of an adult equine (equus caballus) from california. the tachyzoites are crescent-shaped, approximately 2 x 5 microm (1.8-3.0 x 4.0-7.0 microm), with characteristic apical complex structures consisting of an anterior polar ring, conoid, numerous rhoptries filled with a uniform electron-dense material, and 22 microtubules extending posteriorly from the polar ring. comparison of n. hughesi to canine and bovine neospora can ... | 1998 | 9794642 |
| bovine abortion, neospora caninum and dogs. | 1998 | 9795406 | |
| neospora caninum: tachyzoites express a potent type-i nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase. | we have identified type i nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase (ntpase; ec 3.6. 1.3) activity, previously thought to be restricted to the virulent strains of toxoplasma gondii, in the cell extracts of neospora caninum tachyzoites. sequence analysis of a complete cdna from nc-1 strain indicated that n. caninum ntpases shared approximately 69% identity to the ntpases of t. gondii and are most similar to the ntpase-i isozyme. southern blot analysis of genomic dna and sequence analysis of two independe ... | 1998 | 9806873 |
| cutaneous neosporosis in a dog in israel. | cutaneous neosporosis manifested by pyogranulomatous ulcerative dermatitis was diagnosed in an 11-year-old male boxer. histology revealed numerous intralesional protozoal tachysoites within macrophages and neutrophils. occasionally, tachysoites were observed within endothelial and epithelial cells. infection with neospora caninum was confirmed by avidin biotin complex immunohistochemistry using a neospora-specific monoclonal antibody. cutaneous neosporosis is rare and has only been previously de ... | 1998 | 9823066 |
| neospora caninum-associated equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. | equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (epm) was clinically diagnosed in a 20-year-old horse with severe ataxia. the cerebrospinal fluid was positive for sarcocystis neurona antibodies by western blot. the horse was administered corticosteroids to facilitate in vitro culture of s. neurona from its spinal cord following necropsy. microscopic lesions of epm were present in the brain and in the spinal cord, including multifocal inflammatory cellular infiltrates and several large groups of protozoa. imm ... | 1998 | 9831950 |
| seroepidemiologic study of neospora caninum in dairy herds. | to identify risk factors associated with neospora caninum infection in dairy herds in québec and to estimate seroprevalence in case and control herds. | 1998 | 9838960 |
| antibody reaction of human anti-toxoplasma gondii positive and negative sera with neospora caninum antigens. | anti-neospora caninum antibody was detected in anti-toxoplasma gondii positive and negative human sera by elisa, western blot and immunofluorescence assay (ifa). twelve cases out of 172 (6.7%) toxoplasma-positive sera cross-reacted with both t. gondii and n. caninum antigens, and one out of 110 toxoplasma-negative sera reacted with n. caninum antigen by elisa. by western blot, all 12 sera reacted with t. gondii antigens with various banding patterns but specifically at 30 kda (sag1) and 22 kda ( ... | 1998 | 9868893 |