Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| a swiss case-control study to assess neospora caninum-associated bovine abortions by pcr, histopathology and serology. | neospora caninum is one of the most frequent infectious organisms causing abortion in cattle worldwide. the present case-control study was designed to assess the importance of bovine neosporosis for causing abortion in swiss cattle and to identify selected risk factors. infection was primarily diagnosed by a n. caninum-specific pcr and serology, complemented with histopathology and immunohistochemistry. a total of 113 case and 113 corresponding control-farms were studied for 1.5 year. during thi ... | 2001 | 11705647 |
| serodiagnosis of toxoplasma gondii infection in cats by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using recombinant sag1. | the gene encoding surface antigen 1 (sag1, p30) of toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii) was cloned into the plasmid pgex-4t-3 and subsequently expressed in escherichia coli (e. coli) as a glutathione-s-transferase (gst) fusion protein. the recombinant sag1 (rsag1) was refolded using 8m urea solution followed by dialysis and thereafter evaluated in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for serological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. the test sera were adsorbed with gst to block non-specific reactivit ... | 2001 | 11705650 |
| leishmania infantum and neospora caninum simultaneous skin infection in a young dog in italy. | leishmania infantum, the agent of canine leishmaniasis in mediterranean countries, and neospora caninum, a recently recognized protozoal pathogen in dogs, were diagnosed in a 9-month-old argentine dogo dog. both skin lesions and neurological signs were present. histopathology of cutaneous lesions revealed a suppurative, diffuse dermatitis with numerous intracellular protozoa. serology was positive for both l. infantum (1:640) and n. caninum (1:800). double-label immunohistochemical staining of s ... | 2001 | 11705654 |
| seroprevalences of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in swedish red foxes (vulpes vulpes). | the prevalences of antibodies to the protozoan parasites toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum were investigated by the direct agglutination test (dat) and elisa, respectively, in 221 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from different parts of sweden. a total of 84 (38%) of the analysed sera had antibodies to t. gondii, but none of the foxes had antibodies to n. caninum. the results indicate that t. gondii infection is fairly common in swedish red foxes and that the infection is present in most parts of ... | 2001 | 11705663 |
| neosporosis in bovine dairy herds from the west of france: detection of neospora caninum dna in aborted fetuses, seroepidemiology of n. caninum in cattle and dogs. | neospora caninum is considered one of the major causes of abortion in cattle in most parts of the world. in this study, the role of n. caninum was investigated in groups of aborted cattle and dairy herds from the west of france. good correlation was found between parasite dna detection in fetuses and serologic statuses of dams. in groups with documented abortion status and no antibodies to other pathogens, 17-45% of aborted animals were seropositive for n. caninum, and significant relationship b ... | 2001 | 11731070 |
| bovine neosporosis: immunoblot improves foetal serology. | the purpose of the study is the comparative evaluation of the immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat) and an immunoblot (ib) test for the examination of foetal fluids for specific antibodies against neospora caninum. peritoneal and pleural fluids as well as abomasal contents were analysed. the results of the serological examinations were compared to those obtained by histological, immunohistochemical, and pcr analysis of foetal tissues as well as to the results of maternal serological examination ... | 2001 | 11731071 |
| first confirmed case of neospora caninum-associated abortion outbreak in portugal. | in a dairy herd experiencing an abortion outbreak, 49% of the 119 cows were positive for neospora caninum antibodies and the remaining 51% were seronegative. using immunohistochemical analysis of foetal brain tissue, neospora cysts and bradyzoite clusters were identified in two of the 15 aborted foetuses submitted for testing. other agents that commonly cause abortions were not found. these results, coupled with neurological clinical symptoms in new-born calves, implicated n. caninum as the majo ... | 2001 | 11928926 |
| isolation of neospora caninum from the brain of a pregnant sheep. | neospora caninum was isolated from the brain of a naturally infected pregnant sheep by inoculation of immunodeficient mice with a homogenate of the brain tissue. the ewe showed no clinical signs. tachyzoites were observed in the tissues of the nu/nu mice injected with the brain tissue homogenate and the diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining with anti-n. caninum antibodies and by detecting n. caninum-specific dna by polymerase chain reaction. | 2001 | 11780846 |
| serological diagnosis of neosporosis in a herd of dairy cattle in southern brazil. | neospora caninum-specific antibodies were detected in 60 of 172 (34.8%) dairy cattle by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in a herd from parana state, brazil. the seropositive animals included 47 of 126 (37.3%) adult cows, 7 of 29 (24%) heifers (1-2 yr), 4 of 15 (27%) heifers (5 mo-1 yr), and 2 precolostral samples. data collected over a 9-yr follow-up period revealed that the proportion of pregnancies ending in abortion was 20% (31/154) among elisa seropositive cows and 8% (15/193) amon ... | 2001 | 11780849 |
| red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in ireland as hosts for parasites of potential zoonotic and veterinary significance. | intestinal washes, faecal flotations and serological examinations for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum were used to assess the prevalence of parasites in carcases of foxes killed on roads or shot in the dublin area and surrounding counties. the ascarids uncinaria stenocephala and toxocara canis were prevalent, as was the trematode alaria alata. taenia species, eggs of capillaria species and sporocysts of sarcocystis species were also found. only one fox out of 70 examined was ... | 2001 | 11808662 |
| postnatal neosporosis in dairy cattle in northeast thailand. | a total of 83 dairy cows in loei province (muang) and nong bua lamphu (nbl) province, northeast thailand were sampled three times within 6 months in 1998 and their sera were examined for antibodies to neospora caninum at a dilution of 1:100 in the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). in muang the seroprevalence of n. caninum was 37.5% (june), 60% (august), and 62.5% (november). in nbl the prevalence was 50% (august) and 70% (november). in both areas abortions were observed between 1 and 3 ... | 2001 | 11113552 |
| neospora caninum in cattle. m. mcallister et al. (2000) evidence of point-source exposure to neospora caninum and protective immunity in a herd of beef cows. j. am. vet. med. assoc. 217, 881-887 | 2000 | 11121844 | |
| neospora then and now: prevalence of neospora caninum in maritime canada in 1979, 1989, and 1998. | the seroprevalence of neospora caninum was compared among new brunswick, nova scotia, and prince edward island in 1998, 1989, and 1979. in 1998, the seroprevalence was lowest in prince edward island, where it was the same as in 1989. neospora caninum was present in 1979, but at a lower prevalence. | 2000 | 11126492 |
| histopathological survey of aborted bovine fetuses in scotland with special reference to neospora caninum. | 2000 | 11132675 | |
| structural analysis of free and protein-bound glycosyl-phosphatidylinositols of neospora caninum. | 2000 | 10613708 | |
| canine neosporosis: clinical and pathological findings and first isolation of neospora caninum in germany. | neosporosis was diagnosed in an 11-week-old puppy of the breed kleiner münsterländer with progressive hindlimb paresis. pathohistological and immunohistological examinations revealed a disseminated infection with neospora caninum. parasitic stages were demonstrated in the brain, spinal cord, retina, muscles, thymus, heart, liver, kidney, stomach, adrenal gland, and skin. immunohistochemistry investigations were carried out using polyclonal rabbit antisera developed against n. caninum tachyzoites ... | 2000 | 10669128 |
| monoclonal antibody inhibition of neospora caninum tachyzoite invasion into host cells. | monoclonal antibodies were produced against neospora caninum tachyzoites to identify antigens which may play a role during invasion of host cells. confocal laser microscopy showed that most antigens recognised by the mab were located on the surface, but one mab, 1a5, reacted to the apical end of the parasite. some mabs, which recognised 70, 42 and 36kda parasite proteins, significantly inhibited the invasion of the parasite in vitro. the mabs which recognised 42 and 36kda parasite protein, react ... | 2000 | 10675744 |
| gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) are highly susceptible to oral infection with neospora caninum oocysts. | laboratory-reared gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) were found to be highly susceptible to oral infection with neospora caninum (nc-liv strain) oocysts. gerbils fed approximately 1000 oocysts became sick or died at 6-13 days post feeding of oocysts (pfo). n. caninum was isolated in cell culture and from gamma-interferon-knockout mice inoculated with homogenates of mesenteric lymph nodes of gerbils examined as early as 1 day pfo. numerous n. caninum tachyzoites were found in ulcerative lesions in t ... | 2000 | 10685849 |
| neospora caninum: is it really different from hammondia heydorni or is it a strain of toxoplasma gondii? an opinion. | the published data concerning toxoplasma gondii, hammondia hammondi, h. heydorni and neospora caninum on one side and between t. gondii on the other were neglected by most authors. as conclusion we are convinced that there are only two valid species: isospora (toxoplasma) gondii and hammondia heydorni. the first includes as a strain h. hammondi and the latter n. caninum. in any case there is absolutely no reason (with respect to general zoological nomenclature) to create new genera! | 2000 | 10685850 |
| progress in the serodiagnosis of neospora caninum infections of cattle. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan protozoan that has become the focus of significant research attention worldwide. this organism infects a range of host species, including dogs, from which it was originally reported in 1984, but it is most important as a major cause of bovine abortion. as a result of the global importance of n. caninum, researchers have developed a number of serological tests to investigate the epidemiology of infection and disease. in this article, robert atkinson, peter harp ... | 2000 | 10689330 |
| determination of the activity of diclazuril against sarcocystis neurona and sarcocystis falcatula in cell cultures. | diclazuril is a benzeneacetonitril anticoccidial that has excellent activity against the extraintestinal stages of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum. it also is highly active against intestinal coccidia of poultry. the present study examined the efficacy of diclazuril in inhibiting merozoite production of sarcocystis neurona and sarcocystis falcatula in bovine turbinate cell cultures. diclazuril inhibited merozoite production by more than 80% in cultures of s. neurona or s. falcatula treate ... | 2000 | 10701584 |
| neospora caninum and bovine virus diarrhoea virus infections in swedish dairy cows in relation to abortion. | the protozoan parasite neospora caninum and bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) are recognized as important causes of bovine abortion and congenital disease worldwide. in this study, serological investigations were performed to estimate the prevalence of n. caninum infection in swedish dairy cattle, to assess to what extent it may affect abortion rates, and to determine possible effects of coinfection with bvdv. the overall n. caninum seroprevalence in swedish dairy cows was estimated at 2% (16/ ... | 2000 | 10712809 |
| molecular characterization of a thrombospondin-related anonymous protein homologue in neospora caninum. | thrombospondin-related anonymous protein (trap) family members participate in attachment and invasion of host cells by apicomplexan parasites. a trap homologue in neospora caninum strain nc-1 (ncmic2) was cloned, sequenced and found to be 61% identical (75% similar) at the amino acid level to toxoplasma gondii mic2 (tgmic2). similar to tgmic2, the predicted amino acid sequence of ncmic2 contains one integrin-like domain (i or a domain), five thrombospondin (tsp) repeats, a putative transmembrane ... | 2000 | 10717300 |
| [the occurrence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum as regards meat hygiene]. | toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum are phenotypically and phylogenetically closely related cyst-forming coccidia, both of which may cause abortion in livestock animals. t. gondii exhibits also zoonotic potential by causing diaplacental infections in the human fetus and harmful infections in immunosuppressed individuals. humans get infected either by consuming inappropriately prepared cyst-containing meat or by ingesting oocysts originating from cat feces. therefore, in order to assess infect ... | 2000 | 10748708 |
| the inhibitory effect of interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha on intracellular multiplication of neospora caninum in primary bovine brain cells. | primary culture of bovine brain cells was examined for its susceptibility to neospora caninum infections, and this model was used to investigate the effects of bovine interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) and tumor necrosis factors alpha (tnf-alpha) on tachyzoite growth. tachyzoites of n. caninum grew well in this culture, and tachyzoite growth in astroglia and microglia were confirmed by immunocytochemical staining. ifn-gamma inhibited the tachyzoite growth, and this inhibition was not reversed by the a ... | 2000 | 10770613 |
| biological characterisation of sarcocystis neurona isolated from a southern sea otter (enhydra lutris nereis). | sarcocystis neurona was isolated from the brain of a juvenile, male southern sea otter (enhydra lutris nereis) suffering from cns disease. schizonts and merozoites in tissue sections of the otter's brain reacted with anti-s. neurona antiserum immunohistochemically. development in cell culture was by endopolyogeny and mature schizonts were first observed at 3 days postinoculation. pcr of merozoite dna using primer pairs jnb33/jnb54 and restriction enzyme digestion of the 1100 bp product with dra ... | 2000 | 10779575 |
| neutralization of maternal il-4 modulates congenital protozoal transmission: comparison of innate versus acquired immune responses. | il-4 levels were modulated in mice to test the hypothesis that induction of a maternal type 1 response would decrease the frequency of congenital neospora caninum transmission. this hypothesis tested the relationship between il-4 and both innate and adaptive immunity utilizing two basic experimental designs. in the first, maternal il-4 was neutralized with mab during pregnancy in naive mice concomitant with initial, virulent infection. in the second, maternal il-4 was neutralized before pregnanc ... | 2000 | 10779783 |
| neospora caninum infection in a clinically healthy calf: parasitological study and serological follow-up. | in this study a case of congenital infection in a clinically healthy calf is reported. the mother showed high antibody levels (ifat) at 230 days of gestation (igg titres > or = 1:1600, igm titres > or = 1:320) and the parasite was isolated from placental cotyledonary villi at calving. the igm values are indicative of a recent infection in the third trimester of gestation. the calf was monitored serologically for igm and igg from birth until slaughtering, at 8 months of age. igm titre showed a pe ... | 2000 | 10780172 |
| diagnosis and epidemiology of bovine neosporosis: a review. | neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that was first described in dogs in 1988. subsequently the parasite has been associated with abortion in cattle. evidence is accumulating that neosporosis is a major cause of reproductive failure in cattle all over the world. recent knowledge of neosporosis is reviewed with emphasis on the diagnosis and epidemiology of the disease in cattle. in addition, attention is paid to strategies for disease control and prevention. | 2000 | 10789513 |
| molecular characterization of a novel microneme antigen in neospora caninum. | the apical complex of the parasites belonging to the phylum sporozoa is believed to be critically involved in the events leading to host cell invasion. the characterization of the components of this subcellular structure is therefore an important step towards understanding how these parasites achieve host cell entry. affinity-purification of an anti-neospora caninum antiserum on a reactive protein band of approximately 40 kda following triton-x-114 extraction of parasite proteins, sds-page and w ... | 2000 | 10802317 |
| isolation, characterization and expression of a gra2 homologue from neospora caninum. | a cdna library derived from mrna of tachyzoites of neospora caninum (nc-liverpool strain) was screened with antisera from a cow naturally infected with n. caninum. the dna sequence of 1 recombinant isolated predicted a significant protein sequence homology of the gene product to the 28 kda (gra2) antigen of toxoplasma gondii. studies on the n. caninum gene coding for this antigen demonstrated the presence of a single intron flanked by 2 exons; the gene was also highly expressed in culture-derive ... | 2000 | 10811279 |
| neospora caninum seroprevalence and associated risk factors in beef cattle in the northwestern united states. | a neospora caninum seroprevalence and risk factor survey of 2585 cows was conducted in 55 beef cow-calf herds located in five northwestern states of the usa. blood samples were collected by private veterinary practitioners and management practices were surveyed using a mail questionnaire. producers were randomly selected from those that employed these veterinarians to perform annual herd pregnancy examinations. questions were asked about animal management, grazing and feeding, immunization and r ... | 2000 | 10828508 |
| serological survey and first finding of neospora caninum in taiwan, and the detection of its antibodies in various body fluids of cattle. | a serological survey for antibodies against neospora caninum in cattle, goats and farm dogs in taiwan was carried out. sera of 613 cattle from 25 dairy farms, 24 goats from six goat farms and 13 dogs from six dairy cattle farms were tested for antibodies against n. caninum using indirect fluorescence antibody test (ifat). the same sera were also tested for antibodies against toxoplasma gondii using latex agglutination test. of the 613 cattle sera, 44.9% (275/613) were found to have antibodies ag ... | 2000 | 10828511 |
| in vitro isolation and characterization of bovine neospora caninum in korea. | the brains of nine aborted bovine fetuses and two newborn calves born from dams suspected to be infected with neospora caninum were homogenized and inoculated into vero cells. all fetuses and calves were from cows determined as seropositive to n. caninum by an ifa test. sera and thoracic fluids of all fetuses and calves also revealed high antibody titer to n. caninum by ifat ranging from 1:800 to 1:3200. n. caninum was isolated from the brains of one aborted fetus and one newborn calf when the b ... | 2000 | 10828521 |
| neospora caninum infections in australia and new zealand. | to review the current state of knowledge of neospora caninum infections with particular reference to australia and new zealand. | 2000 | 10840573 |
| seroprevalence of neospora caninum infection following an abortion outbreak in a dairy cattle herd. | to investigate the seroprevalence of neospora caninum infection in a commercial dairy cattle herd, 15 months after detection of an abortion outbreak. | 2000 | 10840574 |
| serologic survey of neospora caninum infection in a closed dairy cattle herd in maryland: risk of serologic reactivity by production groups. | prevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum was determined in a cross-sectional consensus survey of 1029 bovines in a dairy herd with endemic neospora-induced abortion. sera were screened by indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). the prevalence of n. caninum antibody in the ifat was 17.9% in 107 neonates, 26.2% in 233 yearling heifers and steers, 39.07% in 218 mature heifers, and 26.9% in 465 milking cows. serologic reactivity was associated with production grouping on the farm with the gre ... | 2000 | 10841997 |
| the role of cd4(+) or cd8(+) t cells in the protective immune response of balb/c mice to neospora caninum infection. | the role of cd4(+) or cd8(+) t cells in the immune response of balb/c mice against neospora caninum infection was examined by using anti-cd4 and/or anti-cd8 monoclonal antibodies (mabs). mice were intraperitoneally inoculated with anti-cd4 and/or anti-cd8 mabs before and after infection with n. caninum and observed for 30 days after infection. most of the anti-cd4 mab-treated mice and all of the anti-cd4 and anti-cd8 mabs-treated mice died within 30 days post-infection (p.i.). in contrast, 100% ... | 2000 | 10841998 |
| isolation of neospora caninum from the brain of a naturally infected adult dairy cow. | neospora caninum was isolated from the brain of a 2-year-old dairy cow that had aborted confirmed n. caninum-infected fetuses on two occasions. the cow had an indirect fluorescent antibody titer of 1:1600 to n. caninum. the cow was killed 24 days after its second abortion and the brain was bioassayed for n. caninum in nude mice. multifocal areas of perivascular cuffing and glial nodules were observed in the cerebrum and mesencephalon of the cow, but n. caninum was not identified in histological ... | 2000 | 10842005 |
| neosporosis in cattle. | during the past decade, neospora caninum infection has emerged as an important reproductive disease in cattle throughout the world. abortion, occurring during the middle of gestation, is the primary clinical sign of the infection in cattle. surveys in several countries from three continents have identified n. caninum infection as the major diagnosed cause of bovine abortion. both endemic and epidemic patterns of abortion may occur in herds. an important feature of this disease is that the protoz ... | 2000 | 10844212 |
| [neospora caninum and neosporosis--basic science at the institute of parasitology and possible implications]. | 2000 | 10850161 | |
| neospora caninum infected the alimentary tract of nude mice and was transmitted to other mice by intraperitoneal inoculation with the intestinal contents. | neospora caninum (bt-2 strain) that originated from the brain of a holstein calf was serially passaged through 10 generations of balb/c nude mice by intraperitoneal inoculation. histological examination of the mice revealed that numerous clusters of tachyzoites appeared in the pancreas, stomach and small intestine as well as in the central nervous system (cns) and skeletal muscles. intestinal contents of the infected mice were inoculated intraperitoneally into uninfected nude mice and 3 of the 1 ... | 2000 | 10852403 |
| vertical and horizontal transmission of neospora caninum in dairy herds in québec. | neospora caninum is an important cause of abortion in dairy cattle. the objective of this observational study was to estimate the rate of vertical transmission of n. caninum in dairy herds in québec and to investigate horizontal transmission in the same herds. the genealogy of cows from 23 dairy herds were examined. prevalence of seropositive animals in herds studied varied from 4.3% to 61.8% (average, 21.9%). the overall rate of vertical transmission was estimated to be 44.4%, varying from 0% t ... | 2000 | 10857030 |
| seroprevalence of neospora caninum infection in domestic dogs in turkey. | 2000 | 10872789 | |
| neosporosis in water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) in southern italy. | a study was carried on 1377 water buffalo serum samples from 50 farms in southern italy to test the presence of neospora caninum antibodies by indirect fluorescence antibody test (ifat). rabbit anti-buffalo immunoglobulins conjugated to fluorescein were used in the test. fluorescence in sera dilutions above 1:200 was considered as indicative of the presence of n. caninum antibodies. the overall prevalence of infection in the animals was 34.6%. the prevalence increased in relation to the age of s ... | 2000 | 10889356 |
| a european perspective on neospora caninum. | since the identification of neospora caninum in 1984 as a parasite separate from toxoplasma gondii by bjerkas et al., and its subsequent characterization and classification in 1988 by dubey and co-workers, this parasite has attracted increasing attention, primarily as an important causative agent of abortion in cattle and neuromuscular disease in dogs, but also as a complementary model system to t. gondii for investigating the basic biology of intracellular parasitism. during november 11-14, 199 ... | 2000 | 10927081 |
| neospora hughesi: experimental infections in mice, gerbils, and dogs. | neospora hughesi is a recently described cause of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (epm). a rodent model for pathogenicity would facilitate development of therapies to be used in horses. in the present study, we examined the susceptibility of balb/c gamma-interferon gene knockout (gamma-infko), balb/c, cd-1, and c57bl/6 strains of mice and gerbils to infection with tachyzoites of the nh-a1 strain of n. hughesi isolated from a horse from al, usa. only the gamma-ifnko mice developed severe clini ... | 2000 | 10946135 |
| intergenic spacer (igs) polymorphism: a new genetic marker for differentiation of toxoplasma gondii strains and neospora caninum. | the region between the 28s and 18s rrna genes, including the intergenic spacer (igs) region and the 5s rrna gene, from 32 strains of toxoplasma gondii and the nc1 strain of neospora caninum was amplified and used for dna sequencing and/or restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. the 5s rdna sequences from 20 strains of t. gondii were identical. the igs region between the 5s and 18s rrna genes (nontranscribed spacer 2 or nts 2) showed 10 nucleotide variations. six of the 10 varia ... | 2000 | 10958446 |
| a polygen-adjuvanted killed neospora caninum tachyzoite preparation failed to prevent foetal infection in pregnant cattle following i.v./i.m. experimental tachyzoite challenge. | cattle immunised with a polygen-adjuvanted killed neospora caninum tachyzoite preparation were previously shown to produce interferon (ifn)-gamma at levels similar to those of tachyzoite-infected cattle. in view of the critical role of ifn-gamma in resistance of mice to n. caninum infection, these results prompted us to test the polygen-adjuvanted preparation in pregnant cattle to determine whether it will be able to prevent foetal infection following an experimental tachyzoite challenge. seven ... | 2000 | 10980287 |
| toxoplasmosis as a suspected cause of abortion in a greenland muskox (ovibos moshatus wardi). | toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites were seen in the placenta of a late-term aborted greenland muskox (ovibos moschatus wardi) fetus in a captive herd at the san francisco zoo. the organism stained with anti-t. gondii polyclonal rabbit serum but not with anti-neospora caninum serum. the dam had a toxoplasma titer of > or =1:3,200 at the time of abortion and in each of the previous 3 yr (modified agglutination test). the muskox is a new host record for t. gondii. | 2000 | 10982143 |
| use of purified tachyzoite surface antigen p38 in an elisa to diagnose bovine neosporosis. | affinity-purified 38 kda surface antigen of neospora caninum tachyzoites was used to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to diagnose n. caninum-associated abortion in cattle. the specificity of this antigen was demonstrated by using sera from cattle experimentally infected with other apicomplexan parasites. in a panel of field sera, serological differences could be demonstrated between herds with epidemic and endemic abortions. optimal elisa cut-offs were determined for the dete ... | 2000 | 10996331 |
| evidence of point-source exposure to neospora caninum and protective immunity in a herd of beef cows. | to determine whether cows with evidence of previous infection with neospora caninum were less likely to abort or give birth prematurely during an outbreak of neosporosis, compared with herdmates with evidence of primary infection. | 2000 | 10997162 |
| growth-inhibitory effects of interferon-gamma on neospora caninum in murine macrophages by a nitric oxide mechanism. | to clarify the effector pathway of neospora caninum growth-inhibitory activity induced by interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) in murine macrophages we examined the relationship between ifn-gamma and nitric oxide (no). production of no was enhanced in cultures of macrophages supplemented with ifn-gamma, and dose-dependent growth inhibition was observed. these findings suggest that the inhibitory activity induced in macrophages by ifn-gamma is mediated no molecules. a competitive inhibitor of the l-argin ... | 2000 | 11002987 |
| immunization of dogs with a canine herpesvirus vector expressing neospora caninum surface protein, ncsrs2. | in order to develop a vaccine against neospora caninum in dogs, we constructed recombinant canine herpesvirus (chv) expressing n. caninum surface protein, ncsrs2. indirect immunofluorescence indicated that the antigenic structure of the recombinant ncsrs2 was similar to the authentic parasite protein. the dogs immunised with recombinant virus produced igg antibody to n. caninum, and their sera recognised the parasite protein on western blot. the dogs inoculated with recombinant virus showed no c ... | 2000 | 11027782 |
| [clinical neosporosis in the dog: a review]. | neospora caninum is an intracellular protozoan parasite that was first recognized in dogs in 1988. n. caninum may cause neuromuscular disease in dogs. later, it was discovered that n. caninum has a wide host range and is an important cause of abortion in cattle. in this article, the literature on n. caninum in the dog is reviewed, with emphasis on clinical signs, pathology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. | 2000 | 11060927 |
| [the role of the dog in the epidemiology of neosporosis in cattle]. | neospora caninum is an intracellular protozoan parasite that was discovered in a dog in 1988. since then, n. caninum has been demonstrated in a variety of animal species and it has been recognized as an important cause of abortion in cattle. an infection with n. caninum can be maintained in cattle herds for several generations by transplacental transmission from cow to calf. recently, it was demonstrated that dogs can act as definitive hosts of n. caninum and therefore may be a source of infecti ... | 2000 | 11060928 |
| association of serologic status for neospora caninum with postweaning weight gain and carcass measurements in beef calves. | to determine the seroprevalence for neospora caninum in a population of beef calves in a feedlot and the association of serologic status with postweaning weight gain and carcass measurements. | 2000 | 11061390 |
| spatial associations among density of cattle, abundance of wild canids, and seroprevalence to neospora caninum in a population of beef calves. | to determine the epidemiologic plausibility of a sylvatic transmission cycle for neospora caninum between wild canids and beef cattle. | 2000 | 11061391 |
| immunization of balb/c mice with killed neospora caninum tachyzoite antigen induces a type 2 immune response and exacerbates encephalitis and neurological disease. | balb/c mice were immunized subcutaneously with soluble neospora caninum tachyzoite antigen (nso) entrapped in nonionic surfactant vesicles (nisvs) or administered with freund's complete adjuvant (fca). following virulent parasite challenge, groups of mice immunized with nso and either nisvs or fca had clinical neurological disease and increased numbers of brain lesions compared to groups of mice inoculated with fca, nisvs, or phosphate-buffered saline (pbs) alone. increased numbers of brain lesi ... | 2000 | 11063494 |
| neospora caninum: its oocysts and its identity: an opinion. | a recently published opinion that hammondia heydorni, neospora caninum, and n. hughesi are a single species is not supported by genetic comparisons. furthermore, the suggestion that oocysts shed by dogs after experimental infection with n. caninum might have been of another organism is not consistent with the finding that these oocysts induced n. caninum infections in mice. | 2000 | 11068821 |
| neospora caninum-associated abortion in cattle: the time of experimentally-induced parasitaemia during gestation determines foetal survival. | the parasite, neospora caninum is an important cause of abortion in cattle. it is transmitted vertically or horizontally and infection may result in abortion or the birth of a live, healthy but infected calf at full-term. only a proportion of infected cattle abort and the pathogenesis of abortion is not understood. groups of cattle were infected with 10(7) n. caninum tachyzoites intravenously at different times relative to gestation. intravenous inoculation was chosen to reproduce the putative h ... | 2000 | 11072897 |
| serological investigation of an outbreak of neospora caninum-associated abortion in a dairy herd in southeastern united states. | an outbreak of neospora caninum-associated abortion occurred in a south carolina dairy wherein greater than 10% of the herd aborted over a 4-month period. of the total number of cows at mid-late gestation, nearly 40% (28/71) aborted while the remaining 60% (43/71) gave birth to normal calves. immunohistochemical examination of brain tissue from a subset of aborted fetuses confirmed n. caninum as the causative agent of abortion in these animals. a variety of serological assays, including indirect ... | 2000 | 11078940 |
| delivery of neospora caninum surface protein, ncsrs2 (nc-p43), to mouse using recombinant vaccinia virus. | in order to develop a vaccine against neospora caninum in dogs and cattle, we constructed a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the n. caninum surface protein, ncsrs2 (nc-p43). monoclonal antibodies to ncsrs2 and anti-n. caninum tachyzoite mouse serum recognized the ncsrs2 expressed by the recombinant vaccinia virus. in addition, recombinant ncsrs2 was transported to the cell surface. mice infected with the recombinant virus predominantly produced igg1 antibody (ab) to n. caninum, rather than ... | 2000 | 11097303 |
| effects of sequence alignment and structural domains of ribosomal dna on phylogeny reconstruction for the protozoan family sarcocystidae. | finding correct species relationships using phylogeny reconstruction based on molecular data is dependent on several empirical and technical factors. these include the choice of dna sequence from which phylogeny is to be inferred, the establishment of character homology within a sequence alignment, and the phylogeny algorithm used. nevertheless, sequencing and phylogeny tools provide a way of testing certain hypotheses regarding the relationship among the organisms for which phenotypic character ... | 2000 | 11110900 |
| a random amplified polymorphic dna polymerase chain reaction technique that differentiates between neospora species. | neospora caninum is a recently described coccidial parasite that was first isolated from a dog in 1988 and has subsequently been shown to infect a wide range of mammals. neospora hughesi, a new species of this genus, has recently been isolated from the spinal cord of horses showing clinical signs of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. the random amplified polymorphic dna polymerase chain reaction technique is capable of differentiating between n. caninum and n. hughesi. | 2000 | 11191920 |
| neosporosis. aspects of epidemiology and host immune response. | neospora caninum is a recently recognized protozoan parasite which has been described as causing a neuromuscular paralysis in dogs and is emerging as a major cause of bovine infertility and abortion worldwide. the parasite is known to infect a range of warm blooded animals but the disease predominates in dogs and cattle. it is not yet known if n. caninum can infect and cause disease in people. the dog has recently been identified as the definitive host and the parasite may be transmitted through ... | 2000 | 11193706 |
| detection of igg antibody against neospora caninum in cattle in korea. | a total of 492 cattle sera was screened by igg-elisa against neospora caninum (nc-1 strain and a korean isolate, kba-2) and toxoplasma gondii. out of 492, 113 sera (23.0%) reacted positively to either nc-1 or kba-2 strains of n. caninum. among the 113 positive sera, 92 sera (81.4%) reacted with antigens of both strains, but 6 sera (5.3%) with nc-1 and 15 sera (13.3%) with kba-2 strain only. and with t. gondii antigen, 6 sera (1.2%) were positive but all reacted with n. caninum antigen also. west ... | 2000 | 11138317 |
| small-subunit rdna sequencing of the italian bovine neospora caninum isolate (nc-pv1 strain). | the small-subunit (ssu) rdna of the neospora sp. nc-pv1 strain isolated in italy from cattle has been sequenced and compared to the other five n. caninum strains ssu rdna sequences deposited in the data bases. the nc-pv1 strain sequence is identical to three published sequences. minor differences, respectively four nucleotide bases and one nucleotide base, have been found when comparing the nc-pv1 sequence with two other available sequences of n. caninum. according to these results, the neospora ... | 2000 | 11686077 |
| [progress in the research on the tachyzoite-bradyzoite conversion of toxoplasma gondii]. | 2000 | 12567672 | |
| prevalence of neospora antibodies in beef cattle in new zealand. | to estimate the prevalence of neospora infection in a sample of new zealand beef cattle. | 2000 | 16032142 |
| neospora caninum infection in an aborted bovine foetus in brazil. | 1999 | 16032066 | |
| maintenance of neospora caninum tachyzoites using mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | 1999 | 16032067 | |
| prevention of vertical transfer of neospora caninum in balb/c mice by vaccination. | neosporosis is an important cause of abortion and neonatal morbidity in dairy cattle. the disease is caused by neospora caninum, an intracellular protozoan parasite. in this report, we describe the use of a mouse model in the preliminary evaluation of vaccination as a means to prevent vertical transfer of n. caninum. parasites present in the tissues of the offspring were detected using an n. caninum-specific polymerase chain reaction assay. immunization of dams with a single inoculation of a cru ... | 1999 | 10647039 |
| characteristics of neospora caninum-associated abortion storms in diary herds in the netherlands (1995 to 1997). | abortion storms in 50 dairy herds in the netherlands were reported in which there was a strong association with neospora caninum-infection. the duration of the abortion storms ranged from 6 to 65 d (mean 41.5 d). the cumulative proportion of aborting cows ranged from 0.11 to 0.57 (mean 0.26) of the animals at risk. an apparent seasonal influence was noted as most abortion storms occurred during the summer and early autumn. the prevalence of antibodies to n. caninum in 50 herds which had had an a ... | 1999 | 10734391 |
| risk factors for neospora caninum-associated abortion storms in dairy herds in the netherlands (1995 to 1997). | a 2 to 1 matched case control study design was used to analyze herd level risk factors for neospora caninum-associated abortion storms in 47 dairy herds. data were obtained using a questionnaire regarding the state of affairs at the farms over the 2 years prior to the abortion storm. the questionnaire included 120 variables considered to be potential risk factors for either introduction of infection or recrudescence of chronic infection. the relationship between risk factors and case control pai ... | 1999 | 10734392 |
| an igg avidity elisa to discriminate between recent and chronic neospora caninum infection. | the avidity of igg antibodies directed to neospora caninum was measured using an igg avidity enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) employing n. caninum proteins incorporated into immunostimulating complexes as antigen. in this elisa, low-affinity antibodies were eluted by adding an incubation step with urea after the serum incubation. the antibody titers obtained with and without incubation with urea were then used to calculate the igg avidity values. analysis of sequential sera collected fr ... | 1999 | 9925210 |
| predictive values of fetal histopathology and immunoperoxidase staining in diagnosing bovine abortion caused by neospora caninum in a dairy herd. | 1999 | 9925219 | |
| [molecular and immunodiagnostic studies of bovine neosporosis in switzerland]. | cyst-forming coccidia may cause significant losses in livestock, primarily due to abortion, loss of young animals and neuromuscular diseases. rather recently, neospora caninum has been recognized as one of the major protozoal abortion-inducing parasites in cattle. the present study addressed the performance of different diagnostic tools (in vitro-cultivation; histology; immunohistochemistry; serology; pcr) suitable for the direct or indirect detection of n. caninum. by pcr, neospora-dna was dete ... | 1999 | 10028228 |
| sequence and pcr-rflp analysis of the internal transcribed spacers of the rdna repeat unit in isolates of cryptosporidium from different hosts. | the cryptosporidium its1, 5.8s and its2 rdna regions from a number of cryptosporidium isolates from different hosts and geographical areas were cloned and sequenced in order to investigate the extent of sequence heterogeneity between human and cattle-derived isolates from different geographical locations and also between isolates of cryptosporidium from different hosts such as cats, pigs, mice and a koala. calf-derived isolates from different continents were virtually identical as were human-der ... | 1999 | 10070661 |
| bovine abortion associated with neospora caninum in northern spain. | during 1996, aborted bovine fetuses from dairy herds in norther spain were examined by histopathological, immunohistochemical and serological methods for evidence of infection by neospora caninum. microscopical brain changes consistent with those of neosporosis were detected in 36 of 81 fetuses and specific antibodies (ifat titres > or = 1/16) in 32 of 63. eight fetuses with neurological lesions were seronegative, and eight without lesions were seropositive. in 25 of 34 fetal brains with lesions ... | 1999 | 10074662 |
| characterization of temperature-sensitive strains of neospora caninum in mice. | temperature-sensitive (ts) strains of the neospora caninum tachyzoites were selected by chemical mutagenesis and selection for growth at 32 c. three ts strains and the parental, n. caninum wild-type strain, nc-1, were examined in the present study for their ability to cause disease in inbred balb/c mice, outbred icr mice, and chemically immunosuppressed icr mice. in balb/c mice, all 3 strains failed to induce clinical disease, whereas infection with the nc-1 strain caused central nervous system ... | 1999 | 10207365 |
| the host-parasite relationship in neosporosis. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite which invades many different cell types and tissues. it causes neosporosis, namely stillbirth and abortion in cattle and neuromuscular disease in dogs, and has been found in several other animal species. n. caninum is closely related to toxoplasma gondii, and controversial opinions exist with respect to its phylogenetical status. initially, two stages of n. caninum had been identified, namely asexually proliferating tachyzoites and bradyzoites. the se ... | 1999 | 10214690 |
| neospora caninum infection and repeated abortions in humans. | to determine whether neospora caninum, a parasite known to cause repeated abortions and stillbirths in cattle, also causes repeated abortions in humans, we retrospectively examined serum samples of 76 women with a history of abortions for evidence of n. caninum infection. no antibodies to the parasite were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence assay, or western blot. | 1999 | 10221883 |
| susceptibility of b-cell deficient c57bl/6 (micromt) mice to neospora caninum infection. | neospora caninum is a coccidian parasite of veterinary importance by causing abortion or stillbirth in cattle among other problems in diverse animal species. we assessed an experimental murine model for its suitability to study the immune response to n. caninum infection. thus, wild-type (wt) c57bl/6 mice and b-cell (and consequently antibody)-deficient micromt mice were infected with n. caninum tachyzoites and sacrificed at days 10, 24 and 29-44 post infection (dpi). various organs were collect ... | 1999 | 10320620 |
| comparison of the biological characteristics of two isolates of neospora caninum. | this study compared the biological and genetic properties of a bovine (nc-sweb1) and a canine (nc-liverpool) isolate of neospora caninum. a mouse model for cns infection demonstrated marked differences in pathogenicity between the isolates. nc-liverpool induced severe clinical signs of neosporosis in 57/58 mice including discoordinated movement, hindlimb paralysis and coat ruffling with severe weight loss. in contrast nc-sweb1 induced similar but less severe symptoms in a much smaller proportion ... | 1999 | 10340326 |
| repetitive abortion in neospora-infected ewes. | pregnant ewes inoculated with cultured neospora caninum tachyzoites in 1995, 1996, or 1995 and 1996 aborted or delivered weak or clinically normal lambs in 1996. nine of 11 ewes in the study had previously produced infected lambs or fetuses after being experimentally infected in 1995. fetuses and lambs produced in 1996 showed histologic lesions and zoites indicative of neospora. serologic responses and production of infected fetuses/lambs indicated systemic neosporosis in the ewes during gestati ... | 1999 | 10348105 |
| neospora caninum: identification of 19-, 38-, and 40-kda surface antigens and a 33-kda dense granule antigen using monoclonal antibodies. | neospora caninum, a coccidian parasite closely related to toxoplasma gondii, can infect a broad host range and is regarded as an important cause of bovine abortion worldwide. in the present study, four antigens of n. caninum were partially characterized using monoclonal antibodies. immunofluorescence of viable tachyzoites as well as the immunoprecipitation of antigens extracted from tachyzoites previously labeled by surface biotinylation revealed that three of these antigens with apparent molecu ... | 1999 | 10366536 |
| uncovering the biology and epidemiology of neospora caninum. | 1999 | 10366825 | |
| herd-specific and age-specific seroprevalence of neospora caninum in 14 british dairy herds. | all the cattle in 14 dairy herds in england were tested for neospora caninum-specific antibodies with a commercial elisa. three of the herds had had sporadic abortions, eight had had endemic abortions and three had had epidemic abortions associated with n caninum before the study. of 4295 cattle tested, 17.1 per cent were seropositive and the herd-specific prevalence ranged from 7.3 per cent to 44.8 per cent. no significant effect of either herd size (p = 0.988), endemic (p = 0.869) or epidemic ... | 1999 | 10371011 |
| [diagnosis and epidemiology of neospora caninum-associated abortions in cattle]. | neospora caninum, a recently discovered protozoan parasite closely related to toxoplasma gondii, has world-wide been recognized as an important cause of bovine abortion. n. caninum possesses a wide host range. the dog can be a definitive host for n. caninum. in cattle, the infection is transmitted transplacentally with high efficiency, while the majority of congenitally infected calves is clinically normal at birth and thereafter. whether horizontal transmission occurs in cattle and whether this ... | 1999 | 10384703 |
| confirmation that the dog is a definitive host for neospora caninum. | two mixed-breed littermate dogs were fed mouse brains containing tissue cysts of the nc-beef isolate of neospora caninum. both dogs excreted n. caninum oocysts in their feces. dog 1 which was given methylprednisolone acetate (mpa) prior to ingesting tissue cysts, excreted oocysts on days 5 to 10 inclusive and on day 17 after ingesting tissue cysts. dog 1 had a serum antibody titer of 1:200 in the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) 35 days after it was fed tissue cysts. dog 2, which was no ... | 1999 | 10384909 |
| vertical transmission of neospora caninum in balb/c mice determined by polymerase chain reaction detection. | vertical transmission of neospora caninum was evaluated in balb/c mice using an n. caninum-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay as a means of detecting parasite transmission to offspring. balb/c mice were infected with the nc-1 isolate of n. caninum during pregnancy (days 8-15 gestation). transmission of parasite, detected by pcr, was determined in 2- to 23-day-old offspring. when dams were infected on days 13-15 of gestation, transfer of parasites was detected in only a proportion of ... | 1999 | 10386452 |
| absence of serological evidence for human neospora caninum infection. | 1999 | 10404607 | |
| pathological and immunological findings of athymic nude and congenic wild type balb/c mice experimentally infected with neospora caninum. | neospora is a cyst-forming coccidian parasite that causes abortions and neuromuscular disorders in a wide variety of mammals. japanese bovine isolate jpa1 was inoculated intraperitoneally into balb/c nu/ nu (athymic nude) and balb/c (congenic wild type) female mice to examine the distribution of parasites and resistance mechanisms to neospora infection. all the athymic nude mice died within 28 days after intraperitoneal injection of 2 x 10(5) jpa1 tachyzoites, whereas all the congenic wild type ... | 1999 | 10421099 |
| associations of neospora caninum seropositivity with gestation number and pregnancy outcome in danish dairy herds. | the prevalence and distribution of seropositivity towards the protozoan parasite neospora caninum were studied in single blood samples from 1561 cows from 31 danish dairy herds. blood samples were analysed by an indirect enzyme-linked immunoassay and an indirect fluorescent-antibody test. seroprevalence in 15 herds with previous abortions assigned to neosporosis ranged from 1% to 58%, with a mean frequency of 22%. in eight out of 16 herds without a history of n.caninum related abortions, no sero ... | 1999 | 10423771 |
| in vitro isolation of neospora caninum from a stillborn calf in the uk. | neospora caninum was isolated in vero cell culture from the brain of a stillborn calf. this isolate (designated nc-livb1) is the first to be obtained from cattle in the united kingdom and was confirmed as n. caninum by immunofluorescence with specific antibodies and by internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1) sequence analysis. differences were found between nc-livb1, other bovine isolates and canine isolates of n. caninum and closely related protozoal parasites, using random amplified polymorphic d ... | 1999 | 10425249 |
| neospora caninum continues to be implicated in bovine abortion cases. | 1999 | 10452389 | |
| recent advances in neospora and neosporosis. | neospora caninum has emerged as a major cause of abortion in cattle in many countries. this paper reviews recent advances in the life cycle and biology of neospora with the emphasis on bovine neosporosis. the role of the recently discovered oocyst stage of n. caninum in the epidemiology of neosporosis is discussed. progress made in serologic diagnosis of n. caninum infection is discussed. there is no vaccine for preventing neospora-induced abortions in cattle or to prevent oocyst shedding in dog ... | 1999 | 10456423 |
| seroprevalence of neospora caninum and abortion in dairy cows in northern spain. | the seroprevalence of neospora caninum infection was estimated from a sample of 889 cattle from 43 dairy herds in three counties in the asturias region of spain. the true prevalence of infection was estimated to be 30.6 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval (ci) 27.6 to 33.6). seropositivity was associated with abortion during the previous year (odds ratio (or)=3.31, p<0.001) and was slightly higher among purchased cattle (37.6 per cent), than among cattle raised on the farm (29.1 per cent) ... | 1999 | 10460027 |
| serological differences in neospora caninum-associated epidemic and endemic abortions. | a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the sensitive and specific detection of bovine antibodies to neospora caninum was developed and evaluated using sera from cattle experimentally infected with n. caninum, toxoplasma gondii, sarcocystis cruzi, sarcocystis hominis, sarcocystis hirsuta, eimeria bovis, cryptosporidium parvum, babesia divergens, and field sera from naturally exposed animals. field sera were classified using a gold standard that included the results from an indir ... | 1999 | 10461950 |