Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| comparative analysis of stress agents in a simplified in vitro system of neospora caninum bradyzoite production. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite identified as a major cause of abortion in cattle and neurological disease in various animal species. it is closely related to toxoplasma gondii, sharing the ability to persist indefinitely in latent stage within the host as a tissue cyst containing slow-dividing bradyzoites. in this study, we compared different stress methods to induce in vitro bradyzoite conversion, using marc-145 cells infected with nc-liverpool isolate. the tachyzoite-to-bradyzoit ... | 2004 | 15270086 |
| characterization of pathology and parasite load in outbred and inbred mouse models of chronic neospora caninum infection. | here, we analyzed histological findings and parasite burden in chronic neospora caninum infection in balb/c and icr mice and studied the correlation between lesion severity and parasite load in brain. to obtain a better understanding of the infection, we examined the influence of various host pathogen factors. groups of outbred (icr) and inbred (balb/c) mice were inoculated using several nc-1 parasite doses (4 x 10(5), 10(6), and 5 x 10(6) tachyzoites), inoculation routes (intraperitoneal and su ... | 2004 | 15270102 |
| localization of a 56-kda antigen that is present in multiple developmental stages of neospora caninum. | the purpose of the present study was to characterize the intracellular distribution of a native neospora caninum 56-kda protein that is recognized by sera from n. caninum-infected dairy cattle. the complementary dna coding for this protein was expressed in escherichia coli as a polyhis fusion protein to which antiserum was prepared and used to localize the antigen in n. caninum tachyzoites and bradyzoites. by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting, antirecomb ... | 2004 | 15270121 |
| identification and characterization of a neospora caninum microneme-associated protein (ncmic4) that exhibits unique lactose-binding properties. | microneme proteins have been shown to play an important role in the early phase of host cell adhesion, by mediating the contact between the parasite and host cell surface receptors. in this study we have identified and characterized a lectin-like protein of neospora caninum tachyzoites which was purified by alpha-lactose-agarose affinity chromatography. upon separation by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, this lactose-binding protein migrated at 70 and 55 kda under reduc ... | 2004 | 15271941 |
| potential risk factors for bovine neospora caninum infection in germany are not under the control of the farmers. | in the german state of rhineland-palatinate, herds were identified that were likely to have a neospora caninum sero-prevalence > or = 10% by using a bulk milk elisa. individual herd data were obtained by a questionnaire. univariate logistic regression showed that bulk milk positive farms had a significantly higher chance to report an increased abortion rate than negative farms (p(wald)<0.1). the chance to have a bulk milk positive herd increased with the minimum number of years a farm had report ... | 2004 | 15471005 |
| anti-protozoal efficacy of high performance liquid chromatography fractions of torilis japonica and sophora flavescens extracts on neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii. | we previously reported that alcoholic extracts of sophora flavescens and torilis japonica from south korea demonstrated good efficacy in reducing replication of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum. to characterize the chemical component associated with anti-protozoal activity, specific fractions were isolated by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and used for in vitro testing. these fractions were evaluated in vitro against t. gondii and n. caninum. fractions of the herb extracts w ... | 2004 | 15482896 |
| genetic susceptibility to neospora caninum infection in holstein cattle in ontario. | neospora caninum has been reported to be an important cause of endemic fetal loss and occasional abortion epidemics in cattle around the world. this study examined 12,016 sera collected from 9723 holstein cows on 125 herds across ontario in 1998, 1999, and 2000. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to examine the sera for antibodies to n. caninum. the overall prevalence of n. caninum antibodies in the cattle was 11.2% and the prevalence in individual herds varied from 0 to 70.4%. among ... | 2004 | 15483182 |
| meningoencephalomyelitis caused by neospora caninum in a juvenile fallow deer (dama dama). | neosporosis, caused by the protozoan parasite neospora caninum, is a serious cause of bovine abortion, stillbirth and perinatal death. this paper reports a clinical neosporosis in a 3-week-old fallow deer (dama dama). the fawn was full term and appeared normal at birth. histological lesions consisted of a multifocal necrotizing and granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis, with intralesional protozoal cysts. positive immunohistochemical staining and characteristic pcr products confirmed the diagno ... | 2004 | 15485563 |
| establishment of neospora caninum antigen-specific t cell lines of primarily cd4 t cells. | neosporosis is an important cause of pregnancy loss in cattle worldwide. protective immunity against neospora caninum infection may include both cell-mediated (cmi) and humoral immune responses. this study was to establish short-term antigen-specific t cell lines composed of primarily cd4(+)t cells from peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) of infected cows, which may be used to identify immunodominant antigens for the development of n. caninum vaccines. crude n. caninum tachyzoite antigen was prep ... | 2004 | 15491474 |
| detection of the protozoan neospora caninum using in situ polymerase chain reaction. | a new method to detect the protozoan neospora caninum using indirect in situ polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is described. in situ pcr combines the advantages of the extraordinarily high sensitivity and specificity of pcr and the in situ representation of immunohistochemical methods. we describe an indirect in situ pcr, whereby the amplified products were detected using a primed in situ (prins) reaction with hapten-labeled nucleotides and visualized using fluorochrome-labeled antibodies. this te ... | 2004 | 15513712 |
| canine inflammatory myopathies: a clinicopathologic review of 200 cases. | a retrospective study was performed on 200 randomly selected cases of inflammatory myopathy in dogs from diagnostic muscle biopsies received at the comparative neuromuscular laboratory, university of california, san diego. the most common clinical signs in dogs diagnosed with an inflammatory myopathy were generalized weakness, stilted gait, dysphagia, masticatory or generalized muscle atrophy, inability to open the jaw, megaesophagus, and dysphonia. myalgia was rarely described. age of onset ran ... | 2004 | 15515585 |
| evaluation of vaccination with neospora caninum protein for prevention of fetal loss associated with experimentally induced neosporosis in sheep. | to evaluate the immunologic response of a killed tachyzoite vaccine against neospora caninum and its effectiveness in preventing fetal loss associated with experimentally induced neosporosis in sheep. | 2004 | 15524328 |
| neospora-associated abortion episode over a 1-year period in a dairy herd in north-east spain. | this report describes a retrospective study based on serological screening, performed on a neospora-associated abortion episode over a 12-month period in a dairy herd in north-east spain. during the 1-year study period, the overall abortion rate for the herd was 23.2% (38 abortions of 164 diagnosed pregnancies). the data analysed were those derived from blood samples collected from the whole herd (n = 237) and from diagnosed pregnancies. antibodies to neospora caninum were found in 35.4% of the ... | 2004 | 15525363 |
| tissue culture and explant approaches to studying and visualizing neospora caninum and its interactions with the host cell. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite first mentioned in 1984 as a causative agent of neuromuscular disease in dogs. it is closely related to toxoplasma gondii and hammondia heydorni, and its subsequent description in 1988 has been, and still is, accompanied by discussions on the true phylogenetical status of the genus neospora. n. caninum exhibits features that clearly distinguish this parasite from other members of the apicomplexa, including distinct ultrastructural properties, genetic ... | 2004 | 15525434 |
| alternative mechanism of eimeria bovis sporozoites to invade cells in vitro by breaching the plasma membrane. | in vitro eimeria bovis sporozoites invade a wide range of cell types, and in the case of bovine cells, they may develop to first-generation schizonts. often, however, they subsequently leave their host cell to invade a new one, which seems contrary to the classical way of infecting a cell by forming a parasitophorous vacuole. using a standard, "cell wound assay," we show that e. bovis can invade bovine endothelial cells by breaching the plasma membrane and may again leave the surviving cell. eim ... | 2004 | 15562619 |
| molecular and biological characterization of hammondia heydorni-like oocysts from a dog fed hearts from naturally infected white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | neospora caninum and hammondia heydorni are morphologically and phylogenetically related coccidians that are found in dogs. although there is serological evidence of n. caninum infection in the white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus), the parasite has not been yet isolated from the tissues of this host. in an attempt to isolate n. caninum from deer, hearts from 4 deer with antibodies to n. caninum were fed to 2 dogs. one of these dogs shed unsporulated oocysts 12-14 microm in diameter. sporul ... | 2004 | 15562623 |
| evaluation of a pcr based on primers to nc5 gene for the detection of neospora caninum in brain tissues of bovine aborted fetuses. | 2004 | 15563105 | |
| investigations into shaking mink syndrome: an encephalomyelitis of unknown cause in farmed mink (mustela vison) kits in scandinavia. | an apparently novel neurological disease clinically characterized by shaking, tremors, seizures, staggering gait, and ataxia was first observed in farmed mink kits in denmark in 2000 and subsequently in sweden, denmark, and finland in 2001, and again in denmark in 2002. lymphoplasmacytic encephalomyelitis was found in the affected kits. the lesions were most severe in the brainstem and cerebellum and consisted of neuronal degeneration and necrosis, neuronophagia, focal and diffuse gliosis, periv ... | 2004 | 15305741 |
| agreement between three serological tests for neospora caninum in beef cattle. | during 1999, serum samples were collected from beef cows on pastures in western canada. some of the herds had a history of confirmed abortions associated with neospora caninum infection. all these samples were initially analyzed using a single application of 1 common commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for antibodies to n. caninum. from these initial results, 239 positive and 250 negative samples were randomly selected for further testing. this group of samples was retested usin ... | 2004 | 15305742 |
| sero-epidemiological survey of neospora caninum infection in dogs in north-eastern italy. | risk factors associated with neospora caninum seroprevalence in north-eastern italy in healthy dogs were assessed. antibodies to n. caninum were found in 10.9% of 707 kennel and owned dogs by a commercial competitive elisa (vmrd inc.). all dogs were negative for leishmania infantum by indirect fluorescent antibody test indicating no cross reactivity or association between the two protozoa in this area. seroprevalence association with breed and age of dogs and other factors are discussed. | 2004 | 15325040 |
| effect of a killed whole neospora caninum tachyzoite vaccine on the crude abortion rate of costa rican dairy cows under field conditions. | a standard field trial was carried out to assess the effect of a commercial neospora-vaccine based on whole killed tachyzoites (bovilis-neoguard, intervet) on the abortion rate. eight hundred and seventy-six cows, over 2.5 months pregnant, belonging to 25 costa rican dairy herds, were used in the analysis. for each cow vaccinated, a cow of the same herd, breed and age category, was selected as control. the period of administration of treatments extended from june to november of 2000. the treatme ... | 2004 | 15325041 |
| prevalence of anti-toxoplasma gondii and anti-neospora caninum antibodies in ovine from são paulo state, brazil. | serum samples from 597 sheep from são paulo state, in the southeastern region of brazil, were tested to determine the prevalence of antibodies directed against toxoplasma gondii (> or = 1:64) and neospora caninum (> or = 1:50) using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). the animals were divided into three groups based on their age: < or = 1 year, 1-4 years, and > or = 4 years. antibodies to t. gondii were observed in 34.7% of the samples with titers ranging from 64 to 16,384 and igg ant ... | 2004 | 15325042 |
| detection of neospora caninum in an aborted goat foetus. | in italy neospora caninum has been reported in cattle, in buffaloes and in dogs. no data are available about the infection in sheep and goats. in this paper, the authors report the detection of protozoan cysts, identified as n. caninum by pcr, in the brain of an aborted goat foetus. | 2004 | 15325053 |
| detection of antibodies to neospora caninum in two species of wild canids, lycalopex gymnocercus and cerdocyon thous from brazil. | domestic dog (canis domesticus) and the coyote (canis latrans) are the only known definitive hosts for the protozoan neospora caninum that causes abortion in dairy cattle. in the present study, antibodies to n. caninum were sought in three species of wild canids, cerdocyon thous, lycalopex gymnocercus and dusicyon vetulus from brazil. antibodies to n. caninum were assayed by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) and the neospora agglutination test (nat). n. caninum antibodies were found ... | 2004 | 15325054 |
| prevalence of neospora caninum infection in dairy cows and its consequences for reproductive management. | this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of neosporosis in an area of intensive dairy production, in portugal. sera samples were obtained in a random basis from 114 cows in 49 herds (group a), and from 1237 cows in 36 herds with a history of abortion outbreaks (group b). all sera samples were tested for neosporosis by direct agglutination test (dat). additionally, attempts to isolate neospora caninum in 42 aborted bovine fetuses from 38 dairy herds (group c) were carried out, utili ... | 2004 | 15325549 |
| occasional detection of neospora caninum dna in frozen extended semen from naturally infected bulls. | recently, the presence of neospora caninum dna in semen from naturally infected bulls was reported. in the present work, the presence and quantification of n. caninum by pcr techniques in frozen extended semen straws from naturally infected bulls was investigated. a total of 20 seropositive and five seronegative bulls raised for reproductive purposes in an ai centre were used. ten extended semen straws from each bull obtained at different time-points during the previous 2 years were selected for ... | 2004 | 15325558 |
| udder health in dairy cattle infected with neospora caninum. | blood samples were collected from 3449 cows on 57 representative ontario dairy herds during the summer of 1998 and analysed for antibody to neospora caninum using an elisa. forty-eight herds (2742 cattle) contained at least one n. caninum-seropositive animal. two composite milk samples were collected from all cattle: the first on the day of blood collection and the second 68 to 365 days later. all milk samples were submitted for bacteriological culture. ontario dairy herd improvement corporation ... | 2004 | 15325765 |
| prevalence of neospora caninum antibodies and factors associated with their presence in dairy cattle of the north of paraná state, brazil. | to determine the prevalence of neospora caninum antibodies and associated factors, blood sera from 623 female dairy cattle from 23 farms in the north of the state of paraná, brazil, were analyzed by means of the indirect immunofluorescent-antibody test (ifat > or = 25). serum samples from 134 dogs living on the same farms also were tested for n. caninum antibodies (ifat > or = 50), and the presence of dogs was associated with the prevalence of n. caninum antibodies in cattle. the overall seropre ... | 2004 | 15350656 |
| neospora caninum infection in breeder bulls: seroprevalence and comparison of serological methods used for diagnosis. | to investigate the seroprevalence of neospora caninum infection in breeder bulls. in addition, the level of agreement of serological methods used was evaluated. | 2004 | 15350658 |
| first isolation of neospora caninum from an aborted bovine fetus in spain. | neospora caninum was isolated from the brain of a 6-mo-old aborted bovine fetus from galicia, spain. the fetal brain homogenate was inoculated intraperitoneally into cortisonized mice. the peritoneal exudate from the infected mice, along with mouse sarcoma cells (tg180), was inoculated into a second group of mice, and parasites were harvested from the peritoneal exudate. the parasites were adapted to in vitro growth in vero monolayers. the tachyzoites from the peritoneal exudate reacted positive ... | 2004 | 15357083 |
| first report of neospora caninum infection in adult alpacas (vicugna pacos) and llamas (lama glama). | neospora caninum is a cyst-forming coccidian that mainly affects bovines, although neospora infection has also been described in other domestic and wild ruminant species. serum samples from 78 alpacas (vicugna pacos) and 73 llamas (lama glama) at a unique dilution of 1:50 tested by indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) were further analyzed serologically by ifat and western blot in both ruminant species to avoid cross-reactions with closely related coccidian parasites and to confirm the exis ... | 2004 | 15357084 |
| recognition patterns of neospora caninum tachyzoite antigens by bovine igg at different ifat titres. | this study describes qualitative and quantitative antibody response in cows naturally infected with neospora caninum. the study was carried out with 269 serum samples obtained from 24 cows over a period of 15 weeks. prior to sample collection, the cows were tested with elisa. the 269 samples were screened with ifat and categorized into seven ifat titre groups (< 1 : 80, 1 : 80, 1 : 200, 1 : 600, 1 : 1000, 1 : 2000, > 1 : 2000). the samples were finally analysed by western blotting. seven immunod ... | 2004 | 15367295 |
| biologic, morphologic, and molecular characterisation of neospora caninum isolates from littermate dogs. | isolation and biologic and molecular attributes of neospora caninum from three littermate dogs are described. tissue cysts were confined to the brain and striated muscles. n. caninum was isolated (isolates nc-6, nc-7, and nc-8) in rodents and cell culture that had been inoculated with brain tissue from the dogs. schizont-like stages reactive with n. caninum antibodies were seen in cell cultures seeded with bradyzoites released from percoll-isolated n. caninum tissue cysts from the brain of one d ... | 2004 | 15380687 |
| shedding of neospora caninum oocysts by dogs fed tissues from naturally infected water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) from brazil. | attempts were made to isolate neospora caninum from naturally infected water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) from brazil. brains from six buffaloes with indirect fluorescent antibodies (>1:100) to n. caninum were used to isolate the parasite by bioassay in dogs and gerbils followed by in vitro culture. shedding of neospora-like oocysts was noticed in dogs fed brains from three buffaloes (isolate designation ncbrbuf-1, 2 and 4). two more isolates (ncbrbuf-3 and 5) were obtained by in vitro culture of ... | 2004 | 15381294 |
| serological prevalence of neospora caninum in healthy and aborted dairy cattle in mashhad, iran. | a total of 810 dairy cattle were blood sampled and used to evaluate serological screening for neospora caninum infection in dairy cattle herds in mashhad (khorasan province, iran). in 4 herds, of the 810 cattle, 123 (15.18%) were seropositive by ifa test (vmrd inc., pullman, wa 99163, usa) with titer 1:200 and range of prevalence per herd from 9.92 to 19.60%. seroprevalence was not significantly different between holstein breed (14.88%) and brown swiss breed (19.60%). comparison of n. caninum se ... | 2004 | 15381300 |
| identification of antigenic proteins from neospora caninum recognized by bovine immunoglobulins m, e, a and g using immunoproteomics. | antigenic proteins of neospora caninum (n. caninum) against bovine immunoglobulins m, e, a, and g were investigated by using immunoproteomics. proteins of n. caninum (kba-2) tachyzoite lysates separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis were transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride (pvdf) membranes, probed with different bovine immunoglobulin class and classified. antigenic spots recognized were also identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry ... | 2004 | 15449377 |
| an outbreak of abortion in a dairy herd associated with neospora caninum and bovine pestivirus infection. | 2004 | 15088970 | |
| survival, immune responses and tissue cyst production in outbred (swiss white) and inbred (cba/ca) strains of mice experimentally infected with neospora caninum tachyzoites. | the present work compared inbred (cba/ca) and outbred (swiss white) strains of mice for their capacity to cope with a neospora caninum infection and to consistently produce tissue cysts. in each experiment swiss white and cba/ca mice were given three different doses of nc-1 tachyzoites. lymphoproliferative and humoral responses as well as cytokine production were evaluated eight weeks after infection (pi) whereas tissue cyst production and histopathology were assessed 4, 6 and 10 weeks pi in imm ... | 2004 | 15099498 |
| neospora caninum expresses an unusual single-domain kazal protease inhibitor that is discharged into the parasitophorous vacuole. | serine protease inhibitors have been implicated in viral and parasite pathogenesis through their ability to inhibit apoptosis, provide protection against digestive enzymes in the gut and dictate host range specificity. two kazal family serine protease inhibitors from the obligate intracellular parasite toxoplasma gondii (tgpi-1 and tgpi-2) have been characterised previously. here, we describe the identification and initial characterisation of a novel kazal inhibitor, ncpi-s, from a closely relat ... | 2004 | 15111091 |
| the cell-mediated immune response to neospora caninum during pregnancy in the mouse is associated with a bias towards production of interleukin-4. | neospora caninum is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite which is efficiently transmitted transplacentally in cattle where it may cause abortion. a pregnant mouse model was used to characterise the immune response following n. caninum infection; the response in non-pregnant and pregnant mice was compared. spleen cells from both infected/non-pregnant and infected/pregnant mice produced interferon-gamma, interleukin-12 and tumour necrosis factor alpha; however, the levels of these th1 cyto ... | 2004 | 15111094 |
| an abortion storm in cattle associated with neosporosis in taiwan. | an abortion storm associated with acute neosporosis involving 18 cattle was observed in a dairy farm in taiwan. aborted fetus age ranged from 3 to 8 months. of the 38 cattle in that farm examined during the abortion storm, 52.6% (20/38), 13.2% (5/38) and 10.5% (4/38) contained both igg and igm, only igg and only igm antibodies to neospora caninum, respectively. no antibody to n. caninum was detected prior to the abortion storm. follow-up study conducted a year later showed that 23 out of 28 catt ... | 2004 | 15133282 |
| neospora caninum seroprevalence in dairy cattle in central thailand. | the seroprevalence, in dairy cattle, of antibodies to neospora caninum, the relationship between seropositivity and age (heifer versus cow), the relationship of herd infection with herd size and the relationship of herd infection with the presence of dogs on the farm were studied. the study involved 549 cows and 82 dogs in 59 dairy herds in nakhon pathom, thailand. a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (celisa) with nc-specific monoclonal antibody was used to detect the nc antibodies i ... | 2004 | 15135865 |
| vertical transmission of neospora caninum in balb/c mice in both acute and chronic infection. | to examine the frequency of congenital infection by neospora caninum, balb/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with tachyzoites of n. caninum either during pregnancy (group 1) or 4 weeks or more before pregnancy (group 2). further, the mice inoculated during pregnancy were bred at 4 weeks or more after delivery to form group 3. congenital transmission was observed in 76% of the neonates of the mice in group 1 and in 50% of the neonates of the mice in group 2. interestingly, congenital trans ... | 2004 | 15135873 |
| identification and characterization of serine proteinase inhibitors from neospora caninum. | two cdna clones obtained from the neospora caninum expressed sequence tag project were selected by their homology with the toxoplasma gondii serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) gene, tgpi-1 and tgpi-2. one of them, named ncpi-h, showed several premature stop codons. the other cdna, named ncpi-s, encoded a 79 amino acid protein containing a putative signal peptide and only one non-classical kazal domain. two other n. caninum est sequences (ncest1 and ncest2) and one from eimeria tenella (etpi-s) ... | 2004 | 15138071 |
| economic considerations for diagnostic and control options for neospora caninum-induced abortions in endemically infected herds of beef cattle. | to compare economic outcome for herds not exposed to neospora caninum with that for herds with various seroprevalences of n caninum infection and evaluate 3 control strategies. | 2004 | 15154728 |
| cloning, expression, and characterization of iron-containing superoxide dismutase from neospora caninum. | a gene encoding superoxide dismutase (sod) from neospora caninum, a causative agent of neosporosis, has been cloned and its gene product functionally expressed and characterized. the gene had an open reading frame of 606 bp and deduced 201 amino acids. sequence analysis showed that the gene had conserved metal-binding residues and conserved amino acid residues that were found in fe-sods. comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of the enzyme with previously reported fe-sod amino acid sequen ... | 2004 | 15165050 |
| structure analysis of two toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum satellite dna families and evolution of their common monomeric sequence. | a family of repetitive dna elements of approximately 350 bp-sat350-that are members of toxoplasma gondii satellite dna was further analyzed. sequence analysis identified at least three distinct repeat types within this family, called types a, b, and c. b repeats were divided into the subtypes b1 and b2. a search for internal repetitions within this family permitted the identification of conserved regions and the design of pcr primers that amplify almost all these repetitive elements. these prime ... | 2004 | 15170259 |
| two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblot analysis of neospora caninum tachyzoites. | identification of expressed protein profiles and antigenic determination are some of the most challenging aspects of proteomics. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) combined with immunoblot analysis were employed to study the n. caninum proteome. protein sample preparation was carried out by first conducting sonication, followed by adding lysis buffer containing 7m urea plus 2m thiourea to the purified tachyzoites in order to complete disruption. a total of 335 differentially expressed pr ... | 2004 | 15192341 |
| analysis of risk factors associated with seropositivity to neospora caninum in dogs. | 2004 | 15200075 | |
| hammondia heydorni: evidence of genetic diversity among isolates from dogs. | canine isolates of hammondia heydorni from argentina, brazil, and the united states were analysed for genetic diversity. a total of 14 isolates were tested for their ability to produce amplification using three pcr assays, one targeting the common toxoplasmatiid its-1 region and 2 amplifying novel, h. heydorni-specific loci, hhap7 and hhap10. while the its-1 fragments could be amplified from all isolates, only six isolates were capable of amplifying the fragments from the novel loci. the pcr pro ... | 2004 | 15208039 |
| finding of neospora caninum in the wild brown rat (rattus norvegicus). | nine rats (16.4%) out of 55 (rattus norvegicus) from cattle farms were seropositive to neospora caninum. two of the seropositive rats were also pcr positive but all were negative by immunohistochemistry and pas staining. the brains of all the captured rats were homogenized and initially inoculated intraperitoneally into nude mice or into spf icr mice, which had been immunosuppressed with prednisolone. one mouse that was inoculated with brain material from a seropositive rat became infected with ... | 2004 | 15210077 |
| [stillbirth/perinatal weak calf syndrome in dairy heifers: results of a pilot study]. | a pilot study of 10 dutch dairy herds was performed to investigate possible causes of stillbirth/perinatal weak calf syndrome in heifers. possible causes and advice for further investigations on farms affected by this syndrome are discussed based on the results of investigations of blood and urine from pregnant young stock, postmortem examination of still-born calves, and a questionnaire held among farmers. infections with neospora caninum, salmonella spp. or leptospira hardjo, or a deficiency o ... | 2004 | 15211907 |
| neospora caninum infection does not affect early pregnancy in dairy cattle. | this study was designed to evaluate the relationship between neospora caninum infection prior to pregnancy, as determined through maternal serology, and the subsequent occurrence of abortion in dairy cattle. special emphasis was placed on pregnancy losses in the first trimester of pregnancy. neospora caninum antibodies were analyzed by commercial elisa in 2773 pregnant animals (2022 parous cows and 751 heifers) from six herds. the mean seroprevalence of antibodies to n. caninum in the herds was ... | 2004 | 15226015 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in captive maned wolves (chrysocyon brachyurus) from southeastern and midwestern regions of brazil. | the main purpose of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of antibodies against t. gondii and n. caninum in captive maned wolves from brazil, considering that little information is available at the literature about infections by these parasites in this wild animal. serum samples were obtained from 59 maned wolves originated from six zoos and from one ecological reserve of the southeastern and midwestern regions of brazil. to detect igg antibodies against t. gondii, an elisa protoco ... | 2004 | 15262003 |
| immune response and antigen recognition in non-pregnant ewes experimentally infected with neospora caninum tachyzoites. | the cellular and humoral responses as well as the antigen recognition during the acute stage of a neospora caninum (nc) infection were investigated in non-pregnant ewes. the experimentally infected ewes developed specific lymphoproliferative and humoral responses within 2 weeks post-infection (pi). the magnitude of the cellular response showed large variations between animals. a significant decrease in the proliferative response to con a mitogen and n. caninum, toxoplasma gondii (tg) antigens wa ... | 2004 | 15262004 |
| the use of pcr to detect neospora caninum dna in the blood of naturally infected cows. | twelve 2-year old heifers in their fifth month of gestation when pregnancy tested were used in this study. six heifers aborted at approximately 4 months of gestation and had blood samples drawn less than 6 weeks after the abortions were identified. blood samples were also drawn from three sero-positive pregnant and three sero-negative pregnant heifers. dna was isolated from the samples and a 350 bp fragment of the nc-5 gene was pcr amplified using primer pair np21+ and np6+. also, the internal t ... | 2004 | 15262009 |
| seroprevalence of neospora spp. in asymptomatic horses in italy. | one hundred and fifty horses from italy were tested for serum antibodies to neospora caninum by indirect fluorescence antibody test (ifat). antibodies were present in 42 horses (28%). the positive titres were: 1:50 (16/150-10.5%), 1:100 (26/150-17%), 1:200 (8/150-5.3%) and 1:800 (1/150-0.6%). no neurological anomalies were observed in the seropositive horses. this is the first serologic survey for neospora spp. antibodies performed on horses born and raised in italy. | 2004 | 15265566 |
| comparison of three techniques for the serological diagnosis of neospora caninum in the dog and their use for epidemiological studies. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed in our laboratory and used to determine the seroprevalence of neospora caninum in three different dog populations in belgium: healthy dogs from cattle farms and urban dogs with or without various neurological disorders. the test was validated and compared with two other tests: an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) and a commercially available competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-elisa). the study showed a good correlat ... | 2004 | 15265568 |
| prevalence of anti-neospora caninum antibodies in dogs from urban, periurban and rural areas of the city of uberlândia, minas gerais--brazil. | in brazil there are few reports on the prevalence of anti-neospora caninum antibodies in dogs from urban, periurban and rural areas. serum samples from 450 dogs, 300 from urban, 58 from periurban and 92 from rural areas, were tested for the detection of anti-n. caninum igg antibodies using ifat: indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat, > or =50). antibodies were observed in 63 (14%) of the 450 serum samples analyzed, with 32 (10.7%) in dogs coming from the urban area, 11 (18.9%) from the periur ... | 2004 | 15265569 |
| apiest-db: analyzing clustered est data of the apicomplexan parasites. | apiest-db (http://www.cbil.upenn.edu/paradbs-servlet/) provides integrated access to publicly available est data from protozoan parasites in the phylum apicomplexa. the database currently incorporates a total of nearly 100,000 ests from several parasite species of clinical and/or veterinary interest, including eimeria tenella, neospora caninum, plasmodium falciparum, sarcocystis neurona and toxoplasma gondii. to facilitate analysis of these data, est sequences were clustered and assembled to for ... | 2004 | 14681425 |
| in vitro induction of neospora caninum bradyzoites in vero cells reveals differential antigen expression, localization, and host-cell recognition of tachyzoites and bradyzoites. | we report on an optimized method for the in vitro culture of tissue cyst-forming neospora caninum bradyzoites in vero cells and the separation of viable parasites from host cells. treatment of tachyzoite-infected vero cell cultures with 17 microm sodium nitroprusside for 8 days severely scaled down parasite proliferation, led to reduced expression of tachyzoite surface antigens, and induced the expression of the bradyzoite marker ncbag1 and the cyst wall antigen recognized by the monoclonal anti ... | 2004 | 14688139 |
| infection by neospora caninum associated with bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine viral diarrhea virus in cattle from minas gerais state, brazil. | neospora caninum is a canine parasite which is considered a significant cause of bovine abortion. two cattle herd groups were serologically studied with the objective of studying the prevalence of infection by n. caninum associated with bhv1 and bvdv infections. in group i, 15 dairy herds (476 samples) naturally infected by the three infectious agents were analyzed,. in group ii, three dairy herds (100 samples) of cows vaccinated for two viruses were analyzed, in order to determine the infection ... | 2004 | 14746970 |
| effects of toltrazuril and ponazuril on hammondia heydorni (syn. neospora caninum) infections in mice. | mice infected with tachyzoites of neospora caninum (syn.: hammondia heydorni) must be pretreated with cortisone in order to show disease symptoms. this indicates the status of an opportunistic agent of disease. toltrazuril was an effective curative agent. | 2004 | 14963771 |
| effects of toltrazuril and ponazuril on the fine structure and multiplication of tachyzoites of the nc-1 strain of neospora caninum (a synonym of hammondia heydorni) in cell cultures. | rhesus monkey kidney cell cultures were used to propagate tachyzoites of the nc-1 strain of neospora caninum (syn. hammondia heydorni). the infected cell cultures were incubated for 4-12 h in media containing 0, 1, 10 or 100 microg/ml of either toltrazuril or ponazuril. the effects were studied by light and electron microscopy. drug dosages of at least 30 microg/ml were needed to eliminate the parasites. ponazuril was found (with respect to the reduction of the number of parasites) to be less ef ... | 2004 | 14963772 |
| inclusion of cpg adjuvant with plasmid dna coding for ncgra7 improves protection against congenital neosporosis. | the present study showed that incorporation of cpg adjuvant into plasmid dna coding for ncgra7 antigen resulted in a twofold increase in the level of protection against congenital transfer of neospora caninum. the level of protection was considerably higher than that observed in pups born from dams immunized with nonrecombinant plasmid. | 2004 | 14977994 |
| maternal and fetal immune responses of cattle inoculated with neospora caninum at mid-gestation. | the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses of pregnant cattle and their fetuses were examined at intervals after infection with neospora caninum tachyzoites at mid-gestation (day 140). all cattle seroconverted and interferon gamma was detected in supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with specific antigen. at day 14 post-inoculation (pi), specific cell proliferation responses were detected in the lymph node draining the site of inoculation and in the uterine lymph nod ... | 2004 | 15003463 |
| comparison and standardisation of serological methods for the diagnosis of neospora caninum infection in bovines. | various existing serological tests were compared with a standard panel of 523 sera in a multicentred study across europe. well characterised sera from animals that were experimentally or naturally infected with neospora caninum as well as sera from cattle deemed uninfected with n. caninum were provided by the participants of the study and analysed in several commercial (chekit dr. bommeli/intervet, civtest bovis neospora hipra, cypress diagnostics c.v., herd check idexx, mastazyme mast diagnosti ... | 2004 | 15019139 |
| adaptation of a commercial elisa for the detection of antibodies against neospora caninum in bovine milk. | the aim of the present study was to determine whether a commercially available elisa could be used to examine bovine milk for antibodies against neospora caninum. in an initial titration experiment, a milk dilution of 1:2 was found optimal to obtain milk results that were linearly correlated to those obtained with corresponding sera. this dilution was then used to examine 791 milk samples from n. caninum infected herds in the commercial elisa. milk results of individual animals were compared wit ... | 2004 | 15019143 |
| seroepidemiology of neosporosis in dairy cattle in uruguay. | a seroepidemiological survey of neospora caninum was done in a dairy farm in uruguay employing indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). sera from 217 cattle (155 cows, 31 heifers and 31 calves) were tested for n. caninum antibodies in july 2000 and it was found that abortions were significantly associated with the seropositivity of the cows by chi(2)-test (p = 0.025). the cows with an ifat titre of 1:3200 were at a significantly higher risk of abortion than seronegative cows (p = 0.0013). neos ... | 2004 | 15019151 |
| the vertical transmission following the reactivation of a neospora caninum chronic infection does not seem to be due to an alteration of the systemic immune response in pregnant cba/ca mice. | the factors responsible for the reactivation of a neospora caninum latent infection are unknown, but it is postulated that the maternal immune response could be altered during pregnancy. the immune response was investigated in n. caninum chronically infected mice during successive pregnancies as well as in non-pregnant infected mice and mice infected when pregnant. vertical transmission was demonstrated in chronically infected mice after the first pregnancy but the rate of foetal infection fell ... | 2004 | 15030002 |
| effect of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection on fertility of dairy heifers. | a prospective field study in heifers from birth to first breeding was undertaken on two commercial dairies to assess the effect of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) congenital and post-natal infection (pni) on fertility. a high bvdv type 2 antibody titer (1:4096) at 10 months of age was associated with 32 more days to conceive, compared with a low titer (1:128). conversely, infection with bvdv by 5-6 months of age and high bvdv type 2 titers 1 month before conception or breeding was associated ... | 2004 | 15036997 |
| coyotes (canis latrans) are definitive hosts of neospora caninum. | four captive-raised coyote pups consumed tissues from neospora caninum-infected calves. faeces were examined from 4 days before to 28 days after infection. one pup shed n. caninum-like oocysts, which tested positive for n. caninum and negative for hammondia heydorni using pcr tests. coyotes are the second discovered definitive host of n. caninum, after dogs. in north america, the expanding coyote ranges and population increase the probability of contact with domestic livestock. to reduce the ris ... | 2004 | 15037103 |
| variation of the internal transcribed spacer 1 sequence within individual strains and among different strains of neospora caninum. | small differences have been reported in the internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1) region among strains of neospora caninum. we compared its1 sequences among 6 n. caninum strains analyzed in our laboratory, including 2 strains that have not been examined previously (nc-illinois and nc-bahia). five sequences showed 100% similarity and also were identical to 7 of 11 sequences that were previously reported by others. in contrast, initial attempts to sequence the its1 of nc-bahia generated 12 nucleoti ... | 2004 | 15040677 |
| determination of the seroprevalence of neospora caninum in feedlot steers in alberta. | a study was conducted in alberta to determine the seroprevalence of neospora caninum in feedlot calves purchased from various auction markets throughout western canada. four feedlots (1 feedlot from each of the airdrie and high river areas and 2 feedlots from the strathmore area) were selected for sampling. at each feedlot, a random 10% sample of feedlot steer and bull calves entering the feedlot from september 2001 to december 2001 were enrolled in the study until there were a maximum of 500 an ... | 2004 | 15072193 |
| [isolation, identification and in vitro cultivation of neospora caninum (protozoa)]. | 2004 | 16862816 | |
| hammondia heydorni oocysts in the faeces of a greyhound in new zealand. | to identify oocysts found in faecal material of a greyhound. | 2003 | 16032288 |
| prevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum in dogs of rural or urban origin in central new zealand. | to investigate the seroprevalence of neospora caninum infection in populations of dogs from dairy farms, sheep/beef farms and urban areas in the central part of new zealand. it was postulated seroprevalence would be higher for farm dogs than urban dogs if the life-cycle of this parasite involves transmission between dogs and cattle. | 2003 | 16032332 |
| prevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum within central queensland beef cattle. | 2003 | 15080432 | |
| seroprevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum in dogs and raccoon dogs in korea. | neospora caninum is an important cause of abortion in cattle, and dogs are its only known definitive host. its seroprevalence among domestic urban and rural dogs and feral raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis) in korea was studied by indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) and by the neospora agglutination test (nat), respectively. antibodies to n. caninum were found in 8.3% of urban dogs and in 21.6% of dogs at dairy farms. antibody titers ranged from 1:50 to 1:400. antibodies to ... | 2003 | 14699266 |
| first cases of animal diseases published since 2000. 5. sheep. | in this fifth article of a series of papers listing first case reports of animal diseases published since 2000, the following five cases of sheep diseases are discussed: ependymoma. mastitis caused by burkholderia cepacia infection. meningoencephalitis associated with globicatella sanguinis infection. neospora caninum infection in an adult sheep and her twin fetuses. plasma cell tumor. after a short introduction, the bibliographical data, the abstract of the author(s), and some additional inform ... | 2003 | 14714740 |
| serodiagnosis of neospora caninum infection in cattle by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with recombinant truncated ncsag1. | neospora caninum is a veterinary medically important pathogen capable of causing abortion in cattle and neuromuscular paralysis in dogs. the surface antigen 1 of n. caninum (ncsag1) is an important candidate for the development of a diagnostic reagent for neosporosis. in order to establish an effective diagnostic method, the gene encoding truncated ncsag1 (ncsag1t) lacking a signal peptide and c-terminal hydrophobic regions was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli as a fusion protein with gl ... | 2003 | 14729165 |
| application of the neospora caninum igg avidity elisa in assessment of chronic reproductive losses after an outbreak of neosporosis in a herd of beef cattle. | point-source infections are most likely the cause for neospora caninum-induced abortion outbreaks in cattle, whereas an increased annual abortion rate may be a consequence of vertical transmission. the aims of the present study were to examine the reproductive effects of neosporosis in a beef herd for 3 years, after a point-source outbreak and to use igg avidity serology to examine the chronicity of infections and patterns of transmission. during the study, 76-78% of animals were seropositive fo ... | 2003 | 12580287 |
| assessment of antibody avidity in aborting cattle by a somatic neospora caninum tachyzoite antigen igg avidity elisa. | a neospora caninum igg avidity elisa was carried out on the basis of a somatic n. caninum tachyzoite antigen. the test was validated using experimentally infected calves, where a clear maturation of the igg avidity over time could be demonstrated. at a maximum of 82 days after infection (d.p.i.), all animals showed antibody avidities ranging above 35%, and respective sera were thus defined as highly avid. sera of 103 naturally infected seropositive cows with abortion (n. caninum association was ... | 2003 | 12581580 |
| validation of a neospora caninum iscom elisa without a gold standard. | neospora caninum is an intracellular parasite which causes abortion in cattle worldwide. one problem in the validation of the different methods for demonstration of this parasite is the lack of an appropriate gold standard. to validate an immunostimulating complex (iscom) enzyme-linked immunoassay (elisa) used to detect antibodies to n. caninum, sera from 244 cattle in five swedish dairy herds infected with n. caninum were analysed. the sera also were analysed by a standard indirect-fluorescent ... | 2003 | 12581597 |
| evaluation by different diagnostic techniques of bovine abortion associated with neospora caninum in spain. | eighty foetuses from some of the main cattle-producing regions in spain were analysed to investigate the participation of neospora caninum in cases of bovine abortion. diagnosis of the infection was determined by histopathological analysis complemented with immunohistochemistry, serology (ifat and elisa) and pcr tests. a total of 38.8% of the bovine foetuses analysed were considered to be infected by at least one of the diagnostic techniques used. microscopic lesions consistent with neospora inf ... | 2003 | 12531290 |
| gene discovery in the apicomplexa as revealed by est sequencing and assembly of a comparative gene database. | large-scale est sequencing projects for several important parasites within the phylum apicomplexa were undertaken for the purpose of gene discovery. included were several parasites of medical importance (plasmodium falciparum, toxoplasma gondii) and others of veterinary importance (eimeria tenella, sarcocystis neurona, and neospora caninum). a total of 55192 ests, deposited into dbest/genbank, were included in the analyses. the resulting sequences have been clustered into nonredundant gene assem ... | 2003 | 12618375 |
| evaluation of an inactivated neospora caninum vaccine in beef feedlot steers. | to evaluate effects of vaccination of feedlot steers against bovine neosporosis on weight gain, feed intake and efficiency (feed intake per gain), and carcass characteristics. | 2003 | 12619843 |
| abortion epidemic in a dairy herd associated with horizontally transmitted neospora caninum infection. | a dairy herd experienced an abortion epidemic during which 43 per cent of the cows at risk aborted. neospora caninum infection was demonstrated in four of six fetuses suitable for examination and the group of at-risk cows that aborted had significantly higher n. caninum antibody concentrations than the at-risk cows that delivered a live calf at term (p<0.001). the antibody concentrations in the cow herd were significantly higher than in the youngstock (p<0.001), and the concentrations in the you ... | 2003 | 12620035 |
| anti-parasitic activity of depudecin on neospora caninum via the inhibition of histone deacetylase. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite associated with abortion in cattle worldwide. apicidin, histone deacetylase (hdac) inhibitor, has shown a broad spectrum of anti-protozoal activity against apicomplexan parasites. cultured vero cells infected with n. caninum tachyzoites were treated with 0.5 microg/ml of depudecin, another known natural product isolated from altermaria brassiciicola with anti-histone deacetylase activity, to examine the efficacy of depudecin against intracellular mult ... | 2003 | 12623206 |
| additional evaluation of undiagnosed bovine abortion cases may reveal fetal neosporosis. | diagnosis of neospora caninum associated bovine abortion is often made by histological examination of fetal tissues, although this procedure is not very sensitive. one hundred and forty-four undiagnosed bovine abortion cases were evaluated for n. caninum associated bovine abortion using a revised diagnostic protocol. as a result, 12 (8.3%) of these previously undiagnosed bovine abortion cases were definitively diagnosed as n. caninum positive. the 12 new positive cases included 7 that had exhibi ... | 2003 | 12651213 |
| reduced cerebral infection of neospora caninum-infected mice after vaccination with recombinant microneme protein ncmic3 and ribi adjuvant. | c57bl/6 mice were vaccinated with a bacterially expressed and purified polyhistidine-tagged full-length version of the microneme protein ncmic3 (recncmic3) emulsified in ribi adjuvant system (ras). subsequently, they were challenged by intraperitoneal inoculation of 2 x 10(6) live neospora caninum tachyzoites. as controls, groups of mice received phosphate-buffered saline (pbs)-ras alone (adjuvant control) or were treated with pbs before infection (infection control). the protective effect of va ... | 2003 | 12659301 |
| review of neospora caninum and neosporosis in animals. | neospora caninum is a coccidian parasite of animals. it is a major pathogen for cattle and dogs and it occasionally causes clinical infections in horses, goats, sheep, and deer. domestic dogs are the only known definitive hosts for n. caninum. it is one of the most efficiently transmitted parasite of cattle and up to 90% of cattle in some herds are infected. transplacental transmission is considered the major route of transmission of n. caninum in cattle. neospora caninum is a major cause of abo ... | 2003 | 12666725 |
| a hammondia-like parasite from the european fox (vulpes vulpes) forms biologically viable tissue cysts in cell culture. | tissue cysts of parasites of the genus hammondia are rarely described in naturally or experimentally infected intermediate hosts. however, ultrastructural examinations on tissue cyst stages of hammondia sp. are needed, e.g. to compare these stages with those of neospora caninum and other related parasites. we describe a cell culture system employed to examine the in vitro development of tissue cysts of a hammondia sp.-like parasite (isolate fox 2000/1) which uses the european fox as a definitive ... | 2003 | 12670509 |
| clinical toxoplasma gondii, hammondia heydorni, and sarcocystis spp. infections in dogs. | concurrent infections with coccidians toxoplasma gondii, sarcocystis spp., and a hammondia heydorni-like parasite were identified in tissues of three littermate pups on a kelpie dog breeding farm in australia. in total, 20 pups in four litters had died following vaccination with an attenuated distemper virus vaccine. toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites were identified immunohistochemically in tissues of two dogs. sarcocystis sp. sporocysts were seen in the intestinal lamina propria of two dogs. asexua ... | 2003 | 15267102 |
| evaluation of a single serological screening of dairy herds for neospora caninum antibodies. | twenty-one dairy herds with a history of neospora caninum-associated abortions were used for a longitudinal serological study. a total of 1,676 animals were blood sampled 3 times and used to evaluate a single serological screening for n. caninum antibodies. the results of the first serological screening were compared with the results based on three consecutive samples, whereby two or more positive or negative test results per animal were considered to determine its serological status as positive ... | 2003 | 12482645 |
| neospora caninum: pregnancy, parasites and prolactin. | 2003 | 12488220 | |
| [the importance of bovine neosporosis for abortion in switzerland]. | the protozoan parasite neospora caninum is one of the most important infectious abortion causes in cattle worldwide. in a swiss case-control-study we investigated 113 abortion problem farms and 113 control farms. it was possible to detect n. caninum in 21% of 242 investigated aborted fetuses by pcr upon brain samples. eighty-four % of mothers aborting n. caninum positive fetuses were serologically positive for this parasite. the seroprevalence for n. caninum of all aborting mothers was 44%. with ... | 2003 | 12677771 |
| susceptibility of djungarian hamsters (phodopus sungorus) to neospora caninum infection. | djungarian hamsters were examined for the susceptibility to neospora caninum infection. after 29 djungarian hamsters were intraperitoneally inoculated with 5 x 10(6) n. caninum tachyzoites of jpa1 strain, some animals showed symptoms such as ataxia, and many tissue cysts were detected in the brain and a cyst in the muscular tunics of stomach. especially, more than 100 cysts per head were observed after 5 weeks post inoculation. it is suggested that the djungarian hamster is a model useful to exa ... | 2003 | 12679575 |
| vaccination of ewes for prevention of vertical transmission of neospora caninum. | to evaluate the immunologic response of a killed tachyzoite vaccine against neospora caninum and its effectiveness in preventing vertical transmission of n caninum in sheep. | 2003 | 12693535 |
| first pcr-confirmed report of a neospora caninum-associated bovine abortion in austria. | 2003 | 12723631 |