Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| diagnostic significance of neospora caninum dna detected by pcr in cattle serum. | a nested pcr that successfully detected neospora caninum dna in serum of cattle was used for investigation of selected abortion cases and in a study of healthy pregnant cows at an abattoir. n. caninum dna was not detected in serum from antibody positive dams that aborted due to n. caninum, but was present in serum of some antibody negative dams that aborted due to other causes. n. caninum dna was also found in the serum of about half of the animals that aborted of undetermined cause, but was not ... | 2006 | 16934934 |
| serosurvey of roe deer, chamois and domestic sheep in the central italian alps. | roe deer (capreolus capreolus), chamois (rupicapra rupricapra rupicapra), and domestic sheep in the orobie alps, italy, were serologically tested for antibodies to selected pathogens that may be transmitted across species. antibodies against brucella spp. and bovine herpesvirus 1 (roe deer and chamois only) were not detected in any species. in roe deer, antibodies were detected against toxoplasma gondii (13%) and neospora caninum (3%). chamois tested positive for antibodies to t. gondii (5%), n. ... | 2006 | 17092903 |
| [prevalence of antibodies anti-neospora caninum in bovines from anápolis and goiânia microregions, goiás, brazil]. | the prevalence of antibodies anti-neospora caninum in bovines was determined in 21 farms from anápolis and goiânia microregions, in goiás, brazil. out of these 11 were dairy farms (holstein and crossbred holstein-zebu), nine had beef cattle (nelore) and one was for mixed exploitation (simental). blood samples were collected from 930 animals, and sera obtained were separated and stored at -20 degrees c. serum samples were examined by the immunofluorescent antibody technique (ifat), using tachyzoi ... | 2006 | 16978474 |
| prevalence of neospora caninum infection in australian (nsw) dairy cattle estimated by a newly validated elisa for milk. | to determine the performance characteristics of an institut pourquier (ip) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of antibodies against neospora caninum in bovine milk and subsequent determination of the prevalence of n. caninum infection in new south wales (nsw) dairy cattle. | 2006 | 16876950 |
| prevalence of anti-neospora caninum antibodies in cattle and dogs from western amazon, brazil, in association with some possible risk factors. | for evaluation of the prevalence of anti-neospora caninum antibodies and its associated risk factors, serum samples from 2109 cattle (11 beef, 50 dairy and 25 mixed farms) and 174 dogs were examined in the state of rondônia, western amazon, brazil. an inquiry was applied in each farm. sera were examined by the indirect fluorescence antibody test (ifat) using cut off dilution of 1:25 for cattle and 1:50 for dogs. statistical association between the serologic status and several variables were anal ... | 2006 | 16857319 |
| serological evidence of neospora caninum in dual-purpose cattle herds in venezuela. | bovine neosporosis is a parasitic disease produced by neospora caninum that induces abortion in cows, and consequently has a negative impact on the herd's reproductive efficiency. the main objective of this research was to determine the serological evidence of n. caninum in cattle herds from venezuela using an indirect antibody capture elisa test. four hundred and fifty-nine (459) serum samples from crossbred adult cows were collected to be tested for neospora antibodies. the sampled cows came f ... | 2006 | 16423467 |
| seroprevalence of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii in camels (camelus dromedarius) in mashhad, iran. | one hundred twenty camels were blood-sampled and used to evaluate serological screening for neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii infection by indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) in mashhad, iran, during years 2004-2005. of the 120 camels, antibodies to n. caninum were found in three in titers of 1:20 and in four in titers of 1:40 using whole n. caninum tachyzoites as ifat slide (vmrd inc., pullman, wa 99163, usa). antibodies to t. gondii were found in three camels in titers 1:20 and in t ... | 2006 | 16425066 |
| detection of immunoglobulin g antibodies to neospora caninum in humans: high seropositivity rates in patients who are infected by human immunodeficiency virus or have neurological disorders. | considering that little is known about the epidemiology of neospora caninum infection in humans, particularly in populations with high toxoplasma gondii infection rates, the present study aimed to investigate the presence of antibodies to n. caninum in t. gondii-seropositive and -seronegative individuals. a total of 256 serum samples divided into four groups (61 samples from human immunodeficiency virus [hiv]-positive patients, 50 samples from patients with neurological disorders, 91 samples fro ... | 2006 | 16426004 |
| the protozoan neospora caninum directly triggers bovine nk cells to produce gamma interferon and to kill infected fibroblasts. | natural killer (nk) cells are considered to be key players in the early innate responses to protozoan infections, primarily indirectly by producing gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) in response to cytokines, like interleukin 12 (il-12). we demonstrate that live, as well as heat-inactivated, tachyzoites of neospora caninum, a toxoplasma-like protozoan, directly trigger production of ifn-gamma from purified, il-2-activated bovine nk cells. this response occurred independently of il-12 but was increased ... | 2006 | 16428740 |
| low seroprevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum in wild canids in israel. | the role of domestic dogs in the epidemiology of neospora caninum as well as the relationship between n. caninum infection of farm dogs and cattle were demonstrated, however, evidence is scarce regarding the role of wild canids in domestic animal neosporosis. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the role of wild canids in the epidemiology of bovine neosporosis in israel by analyzing the prevalence of antibodies to n. caninum in wild canids. sera samples were collected from 114 free rangi ... | 2006 | 16436314 |
| clinical sarcocystis neurona, sarcocystis canis, toxoplasma gondii, and neospora caninum infections in dogs. | sarcocystis neurona, sarcocystis canis, toxoplasma gondii, and neospora caninum are related apicomplexans that can cause systemic illness in many species of animals, including dogs. we investigated one breeder's 25 basset hounds for these infections. in addition, tissues from dogs and other non-canine hosts previously reported as s. canis infections were studied retrospectively. schizonts resembling those of s. neurona, and recognized by polyclonal rabbit anti-s. neurona antibodies, were found i ... | 2006 | 16458431 |
| neospora caninum: serological follow-up in dairy cows during pregnancy. | we conducted a longitudinal study to follow-up the anti-neospora caninum serologic status in 30 initially seropositive and 83 initially seronegative cows during their pregnancy. study cows were blood-sampled every other month during pregnancy until parturition. blood serum samples were screened for anti-n. caninum antibodies by elisa. cows that seroconverted were re-tested by immunoblot as a confirmation test. among 30 seropositive cows, 28 cows remained seropositive during the whole pregnancy, ... | 2006 | 16469449 |
| pcr detection of neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii and encephalitozoon cuniculi in brains of wild carnivores. | neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii and encephalitozoon cuniculi are important pathogens with affinity to the central nervous system of many animals. 240 brains of wild carnivores were examined by pcr-based diagnosis. the presence of n. caninum dna was confirmed in 4.61% (7/152) red foxes (vulpes vulpes). dna of t. gondii was found in 4.92% (3/61) martens (martes sp.) and in 1.32% (2/152) red foxes. dna of e. cuniculi was determined in 3.28% (2/61) martens and in one examined european otter (lut ... | 2006 | 16472923 |
| neospora caninum: infection induced il-10 overexpression in rat astrocytes in vitro. | the effect of neospora caninum, a parasite that causes abortion and neuromuscular changes, has been investigated on a major population of neural cells, the astrocytes. highly enriched astroglial primary cultures obtained from neonatal rats were infected after 21 days of culture. astroglial reactivity, il-10 and ifn-gamma expression, and cell viability (lactate dehydrogenase activity, metabolization of tetrazolium salt, and trypan blue exclusion assay) have been investigated after 24 and 72 h of ... | 2006 | 16332369 |
| neospora caninum: antibodies directed against tachyzoite surface protein ncsrs2 inhibit parasite attachment and invasion of placental trophoblasts in vitro. | polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to native neospora caninum tachyzoite surface protein ncsrs2 were generated and tested in vitro for their ability to neutralize tachyzoite attachment to and invasion of host cells. host cells included vero cells and a newly cloned, immortalized ovine trophoblast cell line obtained from primary cultures of ovine placenta. the ovine trophoblasts had morphology consistent with fetal trophoblasts and expressed mrna for interferon-tau, a marker for trophoblasts. n ... | 2006 | 16375893 |
| [new practice guidelines for abortion in cattle due to neospora caninum?]. | 2006 | 16514978 | |
| survey of neospora caninum infection by nested pcr in aborted fetuses from dairy farms in aguascalientes, mexico. | the aim of this study was to determine by nested pcr probe the presence of neospora caninum in fetal brain tissue from aborted dairy fetuses in aguascalientes, a state in the central part of mexico. forty-four fetal brains from eight dairy farms were analyzed using single tube nested pcr probe with primers nf1, ns2, nr1 and sr1, with histopathology as the reference technique. from the 44 bovine fetuses studied, 35 (80%) were diagnosed as being infected by n. caninum using pcr probe and 20 (45%) ... | 2006 | 16332413 |
| immunodiagnosis of besnoitia besnoiti infection by elisa and western blot. | besnoitia besnoiti, an obligate intracellular apicomplexan protozoan parasite, is the causative agent of bovine besnoitiosis. this infection may dramatically affect body condition and lead to irreversible infertility in males, resulting in important economical losses in livestock production. identification of serologically positive animals is of major relevance to elaborate appropriate measures of control. while identification of clinical cases is relatively easy to carry out, the finding of sub ... | 2006 | 16822616 |
| astroglial cells in primary culture: a valid model to study neospora caninum infection in the cns. | the protozoan neospora caninum has a veterinary importance because it causes abortion in cattle and neuromuscular alterations in dogs. we infected rat astrocytes, in vitro, with different concentrations of n. caninum. astrocytes responded to infection by producing the pro-inflammatory cytokine tnf-alpha and the neurotoxic-free radical no, 24 and 72 h post-infection. these data suggest that astrocytes, which are essential for brain function, are targets for the parasite and this represents a prac ... | 2006 | 16828168 |
| variations of neospora caninum antibody levels in milk during lactation in dairy cows. | a longitudinal study was performed to investigate the variations of neospora caninum antibody levels in individual milk during lactation as well as the association between antibody levels in serum and milk. serum and milk samples of 15 milking cows were collected between february 2003 and september 2004 in three smallholder dairy farms in khon kaen province in northeast thailand. all samples were analyzed for presence of antibodies by an n. caninum iscom elisa test kit and the results were given ... | 2006 | 16842923 |
| [distribution of anti-neospora caninum antibodies in dairy cows at municipalities of resende and rio claro in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil]. | this study aimed to verify the prevalence of anti-neospora caninum antibodies in dairy cows from municipalities of resende and rio claro, both located at sulfluminense dairy belt. a total of 29 farms from resende and 28 from rio claro were randomly selected. to evaluate the association between herds and animals against the etiological agent χ² tests were used. seventy eight animals at resende (25.74%, confidence intervals(ic) at 95%: 15.7-25.8%) had anti-n. caninum antibodies, while 53 animals ( ... | 2006 | 16978473 |
| diagnostic survey of bovine abortion with special reference to neospora caninum infection: importance, repeated abortion and concurrent infection in aborted fetuses in southern brazil. | the protozoa neospora caninum is an important cause of bovine abortion world-wide. the objective of this survey was to determine the distribution pattern of infectious abortion in southern brazil with special reference to n. caninum infection. a total of 161 bovine aborted fetuses from 149 farms were analysed during a 1.5 year period. the cause of abortion was identified in 51.5% of cases. overall, 23% (37/161) of the fetuses were considered to be infected with n. caninum. bacterial infection ac ... | 2006 | 16772136 |
| fatal hepatic sarcocystosis in a puppy with eosinophilia and eosinophilic peritoneal effusion. | a 3-month-old male golden retriever puppy was evaluated for lethargy and fever of 2-days duration. results of a cbc and biochemical profile revealed marked eosinophilia (6.3 x 10(3)/microl; reference interval 0.1-1.2 x 10(3)/microl), moderate thrombocytopenia, and increased activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatine kinase. hepatomegaly and peritoneal effusion were found using abdominal ultrasound. peritoneal fluid analysis revealed eosinophilic inflammation ... | 2006 | 16967426 |
| in vitro isolation and characterisation of the first canine neospora caninum isolate in australia. | neospora caninum was isolated and established in vitro from the skin lesion of a naturally infected dog. the identity of the parasite was evaluated by immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat), microscopy, western blotting and polymerase chain reaction (pcr). n. caninum dna was detected in the whole blood, serum, skin lesion, rectal scrapings and faeces of the infected dog utilising a nested pcr targeting the nc-5 gene of n. caninum. antigenic and genetic characterisation of the isolate, designated ... | 2006 | 16487658 |
| canine neosporosis in hungary: screening for seroconversion of household, herding and stray dogs. | in order to assess the seroprevalence of canine neosporosis 651 blood samples were collected from 586 household, 41 herding and 24 stray dogs, at small animal clinics in four large cities and other places of hungary. nineteen (2.9%) showed positivity in the ifat with titres between 1:80 and 1:10240. two dogs with high titres of antibodies to neospora caninum had neuromuscular signs (imbalance, tremor) and a further one developed papulomatous, ulcerative and necrotizing dermatitis. there was no c ... | 2006 | 16490318 |
| protecting babies: vaccine strategies to prevent foetopathy in neospora caninum-infected cattle. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite that is a significant infectious abortifacient agent in cattle. despite the fact that it is a member of a well described taxonomic group, it is a relatively newly discovered parasite and its biology is not yet fully understood. cattle become infected either congenitally via transplacental transmission or post-natally by ingesting oocysts derived from the definitive host; dogs and coyotes are the only definitive hosts that have been described ... | 2006 | 16441503 |
| artificial insemination of cows with semen in vitro contaminated with neospora caninum tachyzoites failed to induce neosporosis. | neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in cattle all over the world. congenital transmission as well as horizontal transmission by ingestion of oocysts has been described. the detection of neospora caninum dna in bull semen warrants the investigation of possible transmission through the use of contaminated semen. in this experiment four cows were artificially inseminated with frozen-thawed semen contaminated in vitro with viable n. caninum tachyzoites (group a) and four control cows were insem ... | 2006 | 16542775 |
| temporal distribution and parasite load kinetics in blood and tissues during neospora caninum infection in mice. | the kinetics of neospora caninum loads in mice inoculated with nc-liv or nc-1 isolates were studied. the acute phase was characterized by parasitemia and the detection of parasite dna in several organs, whereas during the chronic phase, the parasite was detected mainly in the brain. mice infected with nc-liv developed clinical signs, showing higher brain parasite burdens than nc-1-infected mice. | 2006 | 16552086 |
| incidence of neospora caninum and other intestinal protozoan parasites in populations of swiss dogs. | the protozoan parasite neospora caninum is one of the most important abortifacient organisms in cattle worldwide. the dog is known to act as definitive host although its potential role as infection source for bovines still remains unelucidated. the aim of the present study was to compile initial epidemiological data on the prevalence and incidence of n. caninum in swiss dogs acting as definitive hosts. thus, 249 swiss dogs were investigated coproscopically in monthly intervals over a period of 1 ... | 2006 | 16564131 |
| precolostral serology in calves born from neospora-seropositive mothers. | the present study was designed to exploratively determine (a) how many healthy calves, born from seropositive mothers, were also precolostrally seropositive; (b) how many precolostrally negative calves became postcolostrally positive; and (c) in these calves, how the igg1/igg2 situation developed pre- and postcolostrally. all calves were born from mothers that were determined to be seropositive in a conventional neospora caninum-elisa and by immunoblotting. when the diagnostic performance of the ... | 2006 | 16572335 |
| identification of a protein disulfide isomerase of neospora caninum in excretory-secretory products and its iga binding and enzymatic activities. | a protein disulfide isomerase of neospora caninum (ncpdi) with a molecular weight of 50kda was identified in tachyzoite lysate and excretory-secretory (es) products. the iga antibody in 58.0% of the individual cattle tear samples recognized the ncpdi, which suggests that the pdi-specific antibody may be involved in defense against parasites. in addition, pdi-specific inhibitors and ncpdi antiserum showed inhibitory effects on the growth of n. caninum tachyzoites. furthermore, the purified recomb ... | 2006 | 16574326 |
| vaccination with gamma-irradiated neospora caninum tachyzoites protects mice against acute challenge with n. caninum. | neospora caninum, an apicomplexan parasite, is a leading cause of bovine abortions worldwide. the efficacy of gamma-irradiated n. caninum strain nc-1 tachyzoites as a vaccine for neosporosis was assessed in c57bl6 mice. a dose of 528 gy of gamma irradiation was sufficient to arrest replication but not host cell penetration by tachyzoites. female c57bl6 mice were vaccinated with two intraperitoneal inoculations of 1 x 10(6) irradiated tachyzoites at 4-wk intervals. when stimulated with n. caninum ... | 2006 | 16579818 |
| detection of neospora caninum tachyzoites in canine cerebrospinal fluid. | 2006 | 16594603 | |
| a prospective study of the effect of neospora caninum and bvdv infections on bovine abortions in a dairy herd in arequipa, peru. | we used a prospective seroepidemiological approach to investigate endemic abortion in a dairy herd in arequipa, peru, and its association with neospora caninum and bovine viral-diarrhoea virus (bvdv) infections. between january 2002 and march 2004, 1094 pregnancies were confirmed in 538 cows. of these, 137 pregnancies (13%) in 121 cows ended in abortion. the serological status to n. caninum was assessed using a single serological screening, whereas bvdv status was assessed at the herd level thro ... | 2006 | 16597470 |
| footpad reaction induced by neospora caninum tachyzoite extract in infected balb/c mice. | little information is available regarding a delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) reaction in neosporosis. in this study, we examined the elicitation of a dth reaction in mice infected with neospora caninum by inoculation of the footpad with tachyzoite antigens. the footpads of balb/c mice infected with n. caninum and those of non-infected were injected with either the tachyzoite extract, or paraformaldehyde-fixed tachyzoites. in mice inoculated with n. caninum antigens on day 7 p.i. swelling peak ... | 2006 | 16616423 |
| neospora caninum in wildlife. | neosporosis, which is caused by the coccidian parasite neospora caninum, is recognized as a major disease of domestic animals that causes high abortion rates in cattle and fatal neurological disease in dogs. a life cycle of n. caninum in wild animals (i.e. sylvatic) has long been suspected because neosporosis has been detected in several wildlife species. recently, the transmission of n. caninum has been confirmed in coyotes and white-tailed deer. the newly confirmed wild hosts and other wild an ... | 2006 | 16616642 |
| a nationwide survey on seroprevalence of neospora caninum infection in beef cattle in uruguay. | bovine abortions due to neospora caninum infection have been reported worldwide and its economic impact on the beef industry has been acknowledged as a problem. uruguay has the largest export value of beef per acre in south america. however, no data on the prevalence of n. caninum infection have been available in this country. the objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and distribution of n. caninum infection in beef cattle in uruguay through a nationwide survey. a two stage samp ... | 2006 | 16621288 |
| neospora caninum immunoblotting improves serodiagnosis of bovine neosporosis. | neospora caninum ranges among the major causes of infectious abortion in cattle worldwide. the present study was designed to improve the serodiagnostic tools by complementing a conventional elisa with a highly sensitive and species-specific n. caninum immunoblot. to evaluate this test combination, sera from several groups of cows were tested. the first group, consisting of experimentally infected calves, showed that immunoblot antibody reactivities were detectable 1 to 3 days earlier than those ... | 2006 | 16718512 |
| molecular identity of the electrophoretic pattern and the major cross-reacting immunogens of toxoplasma gondii (rh strain) and neospora caninum. | the complex electrophoretic profile of the antigenic components of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum was studied. t. gondii (rh strain) trophozoite's antigens were resolved by gel electrophoresis under denaturating condition. resolved polypeptides were tested by immunoblotting against hyper-immune serum prepared in boscat rabbits. immunoblot analysis revealed 6 reactive bands, which are 158, 111, 102, 86, 55 and 33 kda, out of 10 antigenic bands of the parasite. concerning n. caninum tropho ... | 2006 | 16605107 |
| humoral immune reaction of newborn calves congenitally infected with neospora caninum and experimentally treated with toltrazuril. | neospora caninum is widely recognized as one of the most important infectious organisms causing abortion and stillbirth in cattle. this parasite causes severe economical losses worldwide. infection is mostly passed vertically from mother to calf during pregnancy. under certain circumstances, an infection can lead to abortion, but in most cases it results in a chronically infected calf, which itself will represent the next endogenously infectious generation. so far, no reliable therapeutic or met ... | 2006 | 16628455 |
| performance characteristics and optimisation of cut-off values of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of antibodies to neospora caninum in the serum of cattle. | to determine the performance characteristics of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) manufactured by institut pourquier (ip) for the detection of antibodies against neospora caninum in bovine sera. | 2006 | 16672180 |
| neospora caninum antibodies in commercial fetal bovine serum. | the protozoan parasite neospora caninum is a major cause of abortion in cattle throughout the world. in the process of propagating neospora in vitro and producing specific antibodies for development of diagnostic assays in the food supply, our laboratory identified the presence of bovine antibodies to n. caninum in fetal bovine sera. the sera were produced commercially and preferentially recommended for tissue culture use and monoclonal antibody production. seventeen different fetal bovine serum ... | 2006 | 16697531 |
| pathogenesis of bovine neosporosis. | the protozoan parasite neospora caninum is a major pathogen of cattle and dogs, being a significant cause of abortion in cattle in many countries. it is one of the most efficiently transmitted parasites, with up to 90% of cattle infected in some herds. the pathogenesis of abortion due to neospora is complex and only partially understood. losses occur after a primary infection during pregnancy but more commonly as the result of recrudescence of a persistent infection during pregnancy. parasitaemi ... | 2006 | 16712863 |
| a clinical, evidence-based approach to infectious causes of infertility in beef cattle. | infertility is the diminished or absent capacity to produce viable offspring. infections that reduce ovulation rates, fertilization rates, embryonic survival rates, fetal survival rates or perinatal survival rates result in observed infertility in beef cows. reproductive pathogens include leptospira, campylobacter, hemophilus, brucella, bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine viral diarrhea virus, tritrichomonas foetus, and neospora caninum. infectious infertility can be prevented or controlled with approp ... | 2006 | 16725187 |
| investigation for presence of neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii and brucella-species infection in killer whales (orcinus orca) mass-stranded on the coast of shiretoko, hokkaido, japan. | twelve killer whale (orcinus orca) were hemmed in by ice floes, and nine died on the aidomari coast in the nemuro strait in rausu, shiretoko, hokkaido, japan on 8 february 2005. tissue samples collected from 8 whales were tested for neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii, and brucella species dna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay. gamma-globulin isolated from blood samples by ammonium sulfate precipitation was tested for antibodies to these pathogens by means of agglutination tests and immun ... | 2006 | 16757901 |
| serologic survey for toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in the common brushtail possum (trichosurus vulpecula) from urban sydney, australia. | the common brushtail possum (trichosurus vulpecula) has well adapted to increasing urbanization, resulting in greater interaction with humans and their domestic pets. wildlife species in urban areas face a higher risk of exposure to zoonotic pathogens and may be affected by parasites hosted by cats (toxoplasma gondii) or dogs (neospora caninum), yet it is unknown to what extent urban t. vulpecula are exposed to these parasites. antibodies to t. gondii and n. caninum were assayed in sera of 142 a ... | 2006 | 16729682 |
| diagnosis of bovine neosporosis. | the protozoan parasite neospora caninum is a major cause of abortion in cattle. the diagnosis of neosporosis-associated mortality and abortion in cattle is difficult. in the present paper we review histologic, serologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular methods for dignosis of bovine neosporosis. although not a routine method of diagnosis, methods to isolate viable n. caninum from bovine tissues are also reviewed. | 2006 | 16730126 |
| toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum infections of bovine endothelial cells induce endothelial adhesion molecule gene transcription and subsequent pmn adhesion. | toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum are important, closely related coccidian parasites infecting a broad spectrum of hosts and host cells. infections underly a complex immunological regulation; however, little is known on innate immune reactions to these parasites. to investigate interactions between infected cells and polymorphonuclear neutrophil cells (pmn), pmn adhesion to tachyzoite-infected bovine umbilical vein endothelial cells (buvecs) under physiological flow conditions and adhesion ... | 2006 | 16730378 |
| neospora caninum and leptospira serovar serostatus in dairy cattle in ontario. | no significant association existed between neospora caninum titer and serostatus to leptospira serovar hardjo, icterohaemorrhagiae, or pomona in cattle on 78 dairy herds in ontario. leptospira titer increased with parity. amongst herds not vaccinated against leptospira, the proportions of herds with > or = 1 animal seropositive to serovar hardjo, icterohaemorrhagiae, or pomona were 45%, 42%, and 58%, respectively. | 2006 | 16734373 |
| neospora caninum igg avidity tests: an interlaboratory comparison. | avidity tests can be used to discriminate between cattle that are acutely and chronically infected with the intracellular parasite neospora caninum. the aim of this study was to compare the igg avidity elisa tests being used in four european laboratories. a coded panel of 200 bovine sera from well documented naturally and experimentally n. caninum infected animals were analysed at the participating laboratories by their respective assay systems and laboratory protocols. comparing the numeric tes ... | 2006 | 16750301 |
| cellular and immunological basis of the host-parasite relationship during infection with neospora caninum. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite that is closely related to toxoplasma gondii, the causative agent of toxoplasmosis in humans and domestic animals. however, in contrast to t. gondii, n. caninum represents a major cause of abortion in cattle, pointing towards distinct differences in the biology of these two species. there are 3 distinct key features that represent potential targets for prevention of infection or intervention against disease caused by n. caninum. firstly, tachyzoites a ... | 2006 | 16753081 |
| neospora caninum associated with septic peritonitis in an adult dog. | a 7-year-old, male neutered rhodesian ridgeback dog was referred to the university of california-davis veterinary medical teaching hospital with a 4-month history of peritonitis and episodic abdominal discomfort, lethargy, and weakness. marked abdominal distension with a prominent fluid wave was noted on physical examination. cytologic analysis of the abdominal fluid indicated a septic exudate with mixed bacteria and many protozoal zoites. differentials for the identity of the protozoal zoites i ... | 2006 | 16783720 |
| identification of a dithiol-dependent nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase in sarcocystis neurona. | a putative nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase (ntpase) gene was identified in a database of expressed sequence tags (ests) from the apicomplexan parasite sarcocystis neurona. analysis of culture-derived s. neurona merozoites demonstrated a dithiol-dependent ntpase activity, consistent with the presence of a homologue to the tgntpases of toxoplasma gondii. a complete cdna was obtained for the s. neurona gene and the predicted amino acid sequence shared 38% identity with the two tgntpase isoforms f ... | 2006 | 16790243 |
| long-term passage of tachyzoites in tissue culture can attenuate virulence of neospora caninum in vivo. | to determine whether prolonged in vitro passage would result in attenuation of virulence in vivo, neospora caninum tachyzoites were passaged for different lengths of time in vitro and compared for their ability to cause disease in mice. groups of balb/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 5 x 10(6) or 1 x 10(7) of low-passage or high-passage n. caninum tachyzoites. the mice were monitored for changes in their demeanour and body weight, and were culled when severe clinical symptoms of mur ... | 2006 | 16762097 |
| associations between neospora caninum specific antibodies in serum and milk in two dairy herds in scotland. | the study evaluated the use of the mastazyme elisa for quantification of neospora caninum (n. caninum) specific igg in bovine milk and examined the relationship between serum and milk antibodies in two dairy herds. the serum and milk antibodies both had bimodal distributions in each herd. this was mainly due to between cow variation: in both herds, approximately two thirds of cows were either clearly and consistently seropositive or seronegative for n. caninum with one third consistently near th ... | 2006 | 16834998 |
| influence of the stage of pregnancy on neospora caninum distribution, parasite loads and lesions in aborted bovine foetuses. | in the present work we have studied in neospra caninum aborted bovine foetuses the influence of foetal age (first, second and third gestational periods) on parasite distribution by nested pcr, parasite loads by real-time pcr and n. caninum associated lesions. for this purpose, a total of 220 aborted foetuses were analysed and detection of n. caninum infection was accomplished by nested-pcr in brain, heart and liver, detecting the presence of the parasite in 72 (32.7%) bovine foetuses. when the d ... | 2006 | 16023188 |
| occurrence of neospora caninum in dogs and its correlation with visceral leishmaniasis in the urban area of campo grande, mato grosso do sul, brazil. | neospora caninum is an obligate intracellular protozoan that can infect domestic and wild canids, as well as ruminants and equines, and is described as causing neuromuscular alteration and death in dogs. visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is an infectious disease that affects both humans and animals, being caused by protozoan parasites of the genus leishmania, of which leishmania (leishmania) chagasi is found in brazil -- transmitted by sand flies, such as lutzomyia longipalpis, in most of the american ... | 2006 | 16310954 |
| prevalence of sarcocystis neurona and neospora spp. infection in horses from brazil based on presence of serum antibodies to parasite surface antigen. | sera from 961 horses from brazil were tested for antibodies against the major surface antigens snsag4 and nhsag1 to determine the seroprevalence of sarcocystis neurona and neospora hughesi, respectively. antibodies against snsag4 were detected in 669 (69.6%) of the horses, while antibodies against nhsag1 were detected in only 24 (2.5%) of the horses. these serologic results suggest that there is a high concentration of s. neurona in the environment of brazil, which results in marked exposure of ... | 2006 | 16310955 |
| prevalence of neospora caninum infection in sardinian dairy farms (italy) detected by iscom elisa on tank bulk milk. | neospora caninum is a heteroxenous cyst-forming coccidian closely related to toxoplasma gondii and is considered one of the major causes of abortions in cattle worldwide. the present work aims to update the epidemiological trend of n. caninum of dairy cattle in sardinia island, western mediterranean (italy). for this reason, we used the newest enzyme-linked immunoassay (elisa) methodology that exploits immune-stimulating complexes (iscoms) principle and allows us to point out the infection in th ... | 2006 | 16323023 |
| intrauterine neospora caninum inoculation of heifers. | here, we studied the potential of neospora caninum tachyzoites to infect heifers when administered in utero by artificial insemination via contaminated semen. eighteen primiparous cyclic heifers were hormonally synchronized and artificially inseminated. nine of them, which were inseminated with semen containing 10(7) live n. caninum nc-1 isolate-tachyzoites, reacted with seroconversion and a specific ifn-gamma response. moreover, n. caninum dna was demonstrated by a nested-pcr in the blood of al ... | 2006 | 16288958 |
| comparison of different methods for the solubilisation of neospora caninum (phylum apicomplexa) antigen. | parasite antigens are of interest both for the development of better diagnostic tools and potential subunit vaccines. particularly, relevant in this regard are membrane proteins as the first point of contact between host and parasite. here, four different methods for the extraction and solubilisation of neospora caninum proteins were evaluated by comparing protein yield, specific antigenicity and relative protein abundance in the electrophoresis profile. extraction with sds and sulphobetaines (s ... | 2006 | 16289567 |
| seroepidemiology of neospora caninum infection in dairy cattle herds in mashhad area, iran. | a seroepidemiology study of neospora caninum was conducted in mashhad area, khorasan province, iran on 337 cattle from 30 dairy using elisa. all herds had seropositive cattle and antibodies were formed in 46% of the cattle. abortion was significantly associated with seropositivity of cattle. the highest risk of abortion was observed in the 1-2-year-old cows. our results indicate that neospora infection is widespread in iran. | 2006 | 16289861 |
| validation of a commercially available celisa test for canine neosporosis against an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). | a commercially available competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (celisa, vmrd) was validated for the detection of neospora caninum antibodies in the serum of dogs, using as a reference test an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat, fuller). a partial verification approach was used. a total of 618 dogs were screened with celisa and a subset of positive and negative sera (n=237) were then tested with ifat. naïve relative sensitivity (se(nv)) and naïve relative specificity (sp(nv)) of cel ... | 2006 | 16293328 |
| identification and molecular cloning of the neospora caninum sag4 gene specifically expressed at bradyzoite stage. | here, we identify and clone the ncsag4 gene, orthologue to the toxoplasma gondii tgsag4 gene, and the first reported gene to be expressed specifically during the neospora caninum bradyzoite stage. to isolate ncsag4, we designed degenerate oligonucleotides based on the tgsag4 protein amino acid sequence. a 312-bp dna fragment was amplified by pcr from n. caninum genomic dna, whose sequence showed 65% identity to tgsag4 gene over 257 bp. ncsag4 gene sequence was obtained by pcr genome walking. nuc ... | 2006 | 16303187 |
| nationwide seroprevalence of neospora caninum among dairy cattle in japan. | serum samples from 2420 clinically healthy dairy cattle, randomly selected from stored sera in 18 districts of japan, were tested for the presence of neospora caninum antibodies using an indirect fluorescent antibody test (titer > or =1:200). nationwide seroprevalence is estimated at 5.7% (139/2420). seropositive cattle were detected in all surveyed districts despite the evidence of confirmed case reports of bovine neosporosis, showing that n. caninum is widely distributed throughout japan. age- ... | 2006 | 16207513 |
| herd-level risk factors for neospora caninum seroprevalence in dairy farms in southern brazil. | a cross-sectional study was used to test the relationship between herd seroprevalence to neospora caninum and various potential herd-level risk factors in 60 dairy farms located in two distinct regions in southern brazil. thirty farms were randomly selected from within each region. a questionnaire was designed to summarize each farm's production system as it might relate to n. caninum transmission. the questionnaire contained 105 closed questions relating to general characteristics of the farms, ... | 2006 | 16343669 |
| seroprevalences of toxoplasma gondii and neospora sp. infections in swedish horses. | sera from 414 swedish horses were investigated for the presence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii and neospora sp. by the t. gondii direct agglutination test (dat), and an neospora caninum iscom-elisa. five sera (1%) had a titre >1:40 in dat, but when analysed by immunoblotting against t. gondii antigens only two of them were positive, giving a seroprevalence of 0.5%. since the neospora iscom elisa had not been validated for equine sera it was used for an initial screening, and all sera with an ... | 2006 | 16517077 |
| seroprevalences of antibodies to neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii in zoo animals. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite that causes neuromuscular disease in dogs and abortions in cattle. little is known about the prevalence of antibodies to this parasite in zoo animals. sera from 556 animals, from 13 czech and slovak zoos were tested for antibodies to n. caninum and toxoplasma gondii by indirect fluorescent antibody test. antibodies to n. caninum were found in 31 of 556 zoo animals (5.6%), representing 18 of 114 species tested: eurasian wolf (canis lupus lupus), maned ... | 2006 | 16387445 |
| the prevalence of neospora caninum and co-infection with toxoplasma gondii by pcr analysis in naturally occurring mammal populations. | neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii are closely related intracellular protozoan parasites associated with bovine and ovine abortion respectively. little is known about the extent of neospora/toxoplasma co-infection in naturally infected populations of animals. using nested pcr techniques, based on primers from the nc5 region of n. caninum and sag1 for t. gondii, the prevalence of n. caninum and its co-infection with t. gondii were investigated in populations of mus domesticus, rattus norvegic ... | 2006 | 16393351 |
| application of repeated bulk milk testing for identification of infection dynamics of neospora caninum in thai dairy herds. | in this prospective study, repeated bulk milk tests were evaluated to establish the neospora caninum antibody status and to describe infection dynamics and changes in prevalence of n. caninum in thai dairy herds. bulk milk from 418 herds in northeast thailand were collected at three consecutive samplings, in december 2002 (sampling 1), april (sampling 2) and december 2003 (sampling 3). all samples were analysed for presence of n. caninum antibodies by iscom elisa, and the optical density values ... | 2006 | 16406330 |
| evaluation of an iscom elisa used for detection of antibodies to neospora caninum in bulk milk. | the intracellular parasite neospora caninum is increasingly recognized as an important cause of abortion and stillbirth in cattle. presence of specific antibodies indicates infection, and the immunostimulating complex (iscom) enzyme-linked immunoassay (elisa) has previously been evaluated for use on individual milk and sera. in the present study, this test is investigated for use on bulk milk. in this study, 124 herds were used to analyse the relationship between within-herd prevalences based on ... | 2006 | 16417934 |
| supranational comparison of neospora caninum seroprevalences in cattle in germany, the netherlands, spain and sweden. | herd, within-herd and animal prevalences for neospora caninum in beef and dairy cattle were compared between four countries. in randomly selected herds from regions of germany, the netherlands, spain and sweden that were representative for the cattle production of these countries, all animals > or = 2 years were examined serologically by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) with high test specificity (> 98.0%). in a previous study, the elisas had been validated against each other. single ... | 2006 | 16417972 |
| monoclonal antibody directed against neospora caninum tachyzoite carbohydrate epitope reacts specifically with apical complex-associated sialylated beta tubulin. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were generated against whole sonicated neospora caninum tachyzoites as immunogen. initial elisa screening of the reactivity of hybridoma culture supernatants using the same antigen and antigen treated with sodium periodate prior to antibody binding resulted in the identification of 8 supernatants with reactivity against putative carbohydrate epitopes. following immunoblotting, mab6d12 (igg1), binding a 52/48-kda doublet, and mab6c6 (igm), binding a 190/180-kda double ... | 2006 | 17304800 |
| neospora caninum-like oocysts observed in feces of free-ranging red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and coyotes (canis latrans). | the aim of this study was to examine the feces of free-ranging foxes and coyotes for the presence of neospora caninum oocysts. feces were collected from 271 foxes and 185 coyotes in the canadian province of prince edward island, processed by sucrose flotation, and examined by light microscopy for the presence of coccidian oocysts. in 2 fox and 2 coyote samples, oocysts morphologically and morphometrically similar to oocysts of n. caninum were observed. dna was extracted from these samples and su ... | 2006 | 17304805 |
| comparative effect of neospora caninum infection in balb/c mice at three different gestation periods. | neospora caninum has been recognized as a major cause of infectious bovine abortion worldwide. in the present study, the effect of n. caninum infection in mice at the 3 gestation periods (first, second, and third period) was investigated. in dams, tissue distribution of n. caninum was evaluated by nested polymerase chain reaction. in the progeny, fetal mortality, stillbirth, litter size, neonatal mortality/morbidity, vertical transmission, and parasite burden in neonatal tissues were evaluated. ... | 2006 | 17304808 |
| first report of neospora caninum abortion in a beef cow-calf herd from andorra, europe. | neospora caninum-associated abortion was diagnosed in a 7-mo gestational age beef cow fetus from andorra. the fetus had a multifocal necrotizing encephalitis and nonpurulent multifocal myocarditis. the diagnosis was confirmed by demonstration of n. caninum dna by polymerase chain reaction and tachyzoites by specific staining with n. caninum polyclonal antibodies in the fetal brain. the dam of the aborted fetus had serum n. caninum antibodies at the time of abortion but not 2 mo before abortion t ... | 2006 | 17304821 |
| distribution of antibodies against neospora caninum, bvdv and bhv-1 among cows in brazilian dairy herds with reproductive disorders. | neospora caninum, bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and bovine herpes virus 1 (bhv-1) are worldwide spread pathogens associated with reproductive problems in cattle. the present work aimed to observe the infection pattern of these three pathogens in two dairy herds with distinct reproductive managements from triângulo mineiro, minas gerais state, brazil. the herds were not vaccinated against either n. caninum, bvdv or bhv-1. blood samples were collected and analyzed for presence of specific ant ... | 2006 | 17196123 |
| [seroprevalence of neospora caninum in cattle in the region of kayseri]. | this study was carried out in order to determine the seroprevalence of neospora caninum in cattle in the region of kayseri. blood samples were collected from 186 cattle and sera were obtained from these samples. sera samples were analyzed for antibodies against n. caninum using a commercially available competitive elisa (c-elisa) kit. according to the elisa test results, seroprevalence of n. caninum in the region of kayseri was found to be 7%. three of 9 aborting cows (33.3%) were found to be se ... | 2006 | 17124655 |
| [biological characteristics of the korean isolate ki-1 of toxoplasma gondii]. | to study the biological characteristics of newly isolated toxoplasma gondii korean isolate-1 (ki-1). | 2006 | 17094617 |
| neosporosis, toxoplasmosis, and sarcocystosis in ruminants. | neospora caninum, sarcocystis spp, and toxoplasma gondii are related coccidian parasites that can cause abortion and neonatal mortality in animals. in addition, t gondii and certain species of sarcocystis are zoonotic. this article reviews information on the etiology, diagnosis, control, and prevention of these diseases. | 2006 | 17071358 |
| use of an immunodominant p17 antigenic fraction of neospora caninum in detection of antibody response in cattle. | a neospora caninum 17 kda protein fraction (p17) has been described as an immunodominant antigen (ida) under reducing and non-reducing conditions. the aim of the present study was to investigate the diagnostic utility of p17 in cattle. in order to achieve this, p17 was purified by electroelution from whole n. caninum tachyzoite soluble extract and a p17-based western blot (wb-p17) was developed. the p17 recognition was measured by densitometry and expressed as od values to check the validity of ... | 2006 | 17072457 |
| seroprevalence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, neospora caninum, bovine leukemia virus, and bovine viral diarrhea virus infection among dairy cattle and herds in alberta and agroecological risk factors associated with seropositivity. | a province-wide, cross-sectional seroprevalence and agroecological risk factor study of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map), neospora caninum (nc), bovine leukemia virus (blv), and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) genotypes 1 and 2 (bvdv1 and bvdv2) infection in dairy cattle herds in alberta was conducted. among adults, the seroprevalence of map, nc, and blv was 9.1%, 18.5%, and 26.9%, respectively. for map, based on a herd test cutpoint of 2 or more seropositive cows, 58.8% ... | 2006 | 17078247 |
| [search for neospora caninum dna in bull semen using pcr ]. | neospora caninum represents one of the most frequent abortifaciant organisms worldwide. the parasite is diaplacentally transmitted from the pregnant cow to the fetus, where it normally leads to the delivery of a healthy, however persistently infected calf. abortion thus is a relative rare event. the transmission of bovine neosporosis occurs in more than 90% of the cases vertically due to the endogenous reactivation of a persistently infected mother. exogenous infections are therefore responsible ... | 2006 | 17024977 |
| [reaction of bovine endothelial cells in vitro to coccidia (eimeria bovis, toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum) infections as the expression of a non-adaptive immune response]. | eimeria (e.) bovis sporozoites as well as toxoplasma (t.) gondii and neospora (n.) caninum tachyzoites can invade bovine endothelial cells (buvec) in vitro and develop to next stage meronts within 15-20 and 3-4 days, respectively. the latter differences suggest different immune evasion strategies, particularly concerning innate reactions. realtime rt-pcr techniques were used to determine transcript levels of genes relevant in this sense, i.e. adhesion molecule, chemokine, growth factor gm-csf, c ... | 2006 | 17009708 |
| simulating the impact of four control strategies on the population dynamics of neospora caninum infection in swiss dairy cattle. | a dynamic deterministic simulation model was developed to assess the impact of different putative control strategies on the seroprevalence of neospora caninum in female swiss dairy cattle. the model structure comprised compartments of "susceptible" and "infected" animals (si-model) and the cattle population was divided into 12 age classes. a reference model (model 1) was developed to simulate the current (status quo) situation (present seroprevalence in switzerland 12%), taking into account avai ... | 2006 | 16962190 |
| vaccination as a control strategy against the coccidial parasites eimeria, toxoplasma and neospora. | the protozoan parasites eimeria spp. toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum are significant causes of disease in livestock worldwide and t. gondii is also an important human pathogen. drugs have been used with varying success to help control aspects of these diseases and commercial vaccines are available for all three groups of parasites. however, there are issues with increasing development of resistance to many of the anti-coccidial drugs used to help control avian eimeriosis and public concer ... | 2006 | 17274844 |
| seroprevalence of neosporosis in beef and dairy cattle breeds in northeast hungary. | in order to assess the seroprevalence of bovine neosporosis with indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat), blood samples were collected randomly from 1063 beef and dairy cattle belonging to 12 different breeds in northeast hungary. antibodies to neospora caninum were detected in 27 (2.5%) of the animals, kept on 19 of the 42 settlements included in this survey. since samples were collected on 50 farms, herd prevalence amounted to 38%. the percentage of cattle with seroconversion increased with ... | 2006 | 17278720 |
| antibodies against toxoplasma gondii in the pacific bottlenose dolphin (tursiops aduncus) from the solomon islands. | serum samples from 58 pacific bottlenose dolphins (tursiops aduncus) from the solomon islands were tested for the igg antibody to toxoplasma gondii by the latex agglutination test (lat), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), and immunoblotting. the elisa cut-off value was taken as od > or = 0.276, and the final dilution ratio, recognized as positive, was represented by the end titer. in 25 of 58 samples, no antibody activity was detected by lat and elisa. in 8 of 58 samples, anti-t. gondii ... | 2005 | 17089778 |
| neospora caninum infection in a free-ranging raccoon (procyon lotor) with concurrent canine distemper virus infection. | during a canine distemper virus (cdv) outbreak in raccoons (procyon lotor) from cook county, illinois, a juvenile female suffering from seizures was killed and necropsied. gross and histologic findings of necrotizing encephalitis and proliferative bronchopneumonia were attributed to cdv infection and considered the cause of clinical signs. a section of cerebellum stained immunohistochemically for neospora caninum revealed an approximately 40 microm diameter, round to oval cyst with a 2- to 3-mic ... | 2005 | 17089776 |
| [survey of neospora caninum in cattle in some provinces in the eastern anatolian region.] | this study was carried out in order to investigate the presence of neospora caninum in cattle in the elaziğ, malatya, muş and bingöl provinces from january 2003- may 2004. blood samples were collected from 513 cattle and 32 aborting cows that were of various breeds and ages in all provinces. sera were obtained from these animals and antibodies against n. caninum were investigated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). a commercially available competitive elisa (celisa) kit (vmrd, i ... | 2005 | 17167738 |
| evaluation of homologous, heterologous, and affinity conjugates for the serodiagnosis of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in maned wolves (chrysocyon brachyurus). | use of serological tests in the diagnosis of infectious diseases in wild animals has several limitations, primarily the difficulty of obtaining species-specific reagents. wild canids, such as maned wolves (chrysocyon brachyurus), are highly predisposed to infection by toxoplasma gondii and, to a lesser extent, to neospora caninum. the aim of the present study was to evaluate homologous, heterologous, and affinity conjugates in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) and indirect fluorescent ... | 2005 | 16419770 |
| prevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum in wild animals. | antibodies to neospora caninum were determined in several species of wild animals in the united states by the neospora agglutination test (nat). antibodies (nat 1:40 or higher) were found in 5 of 249 bison (bison bison), 5 of 160 caribou (rangifer tarandus), 4 of 162 moose (alces alces), 4 of 122 wolves (canis lupus), and 1 of 224 musk ox (ovibos moschatus) but not in 197 black bears (ursus americanus). to our knowledge, this is the first report of antibodies to n. caninum in bison and caribou. ... | 2005 | 16419771 |
| endogenous and exogenous transplacental infection in neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii. | it is clear from researching the vertical transmission of neospora caninum in cattle that the terms 'vertical', 'congenital' and, indeed, 'transplacental' are inadequate for describing two extremely different situations that have fundamentally different immunological, epidemiological and control implications. a similar situation pertains to toxoplasma gondii in different hosts. we advocate the use of the terms 'endogenous transplacental infection (tpi)' to define foetal infection from a recrudes ... | 2005 | 16223599 |
| persistence of neospora caninum-specific immunoglobulin g antibodies in bovine blood and lung tissue stored at room temperature. | blood and tissue samples obtained at necropsy from carcasses showing varying degrees of postmortem decomposition are sometimes used as sources of antibodies for serological tests, primarily in studies involving wild animals or in examination of aborted fetuses. to test the persistence of antibodies in blood and lung tissue kept at room temperature (approximately 20degreesc) for up to 48 and 118 days, respectively, serum and lung fluid from neospora caninum-infected and uninfected cattle were tes ... | 2005 | 16312237 |
| subcellular fractionation and molecular characterization of the pellicle and plasmalemma of neospora caninum. | a characteristic structural feature of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum is the presence of a triple-membrane pellicle, on the zoite stages of their complex life-cycle. here we report the results of electron microscopic studies which show that the pellicle is made of a typical plasmalemma covered on its cytoplasmic side by a system of flattened vesicles named the inner membrane complex. using methods described previously for the purification of pellicle and plasmalemma fractions from t. gon ... | 2005 | 16174411 |
| oocysts of neospora caninum, hammondia heydorni, toxoplasma gondii and hammondia hammondi in faeces collected from dogs in germany. | faecal samples of 24,089 dogs were examined coproscopically in two veterinary laboratories in germany between march 2001 and october 2004. in 47 dogs, oocysts of 9-14 microm size were found. their morphology was similar to those of hammondia heydorni and neospora caninum. samples of 28 of these dogs were further examined by inoculation into gerbils: seven isolates induced a specific antibody response against antigens of n. caninum nc-1 tachyzoites. this response suggests that the isolates contai ... | 2005 | 16197949 |
| differential detection of hammondia hammondi from toxoplasma gondii using polymerase chain reaction. | hammondia hammondi and toxoplasma gondii are two related coccidian parasites, with cats as definitive hosts and warm-blooded animals as intermediate hosts. it is difficult to differentiate them by morphological and serological parameters. in the present study, primers were designed to specifically amplify the its-1 region of h. hammondi to differentiate it from t. gondii. attempts were made to detect the presence of h. hammondi dna in the tissues of mice infected with h. hammondi alone, as well ... | 2005 | 16153883 |
| toxoplasma gondii dense granule protein 3 (gra3) is a type i transmembrane protein that possesses a cytoplasmic dilysine (kkxx) endoplasmic reticulum (er) retrieval motif. | studies using antibodies to immunolocalize the toxoplasma gondii dense granule protein gra3, have shown that this protein associates strongly with the parasitophorous vacuole membrane (pvm). however, as there was no predicted membrane-spanning domain this highlighted an unanswered paradox. we demonstrate that the previously published sequence for gra3 is actually an artificial chimera of 2 proteins. one protein, of molecular weight 65 kda, shares the c-terminus with published gra3 and possesses ... | 2005 | 16149193 |
| environmental effect on the occurrence of anti-neospora caninum antibodies in pampas-deer (ozotoceros bezoarticus). | sera obtained from pampas-deer (ozotoceros bezoarticus) captured in two different brazilian environments were analyzed for the presence of anti-neospora caninum antibodies by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). samples were collected from 23 animals from a savanna area in the national park of emas, in the state of goiás, brazil. this area is surrounded by cultivated lands and allows very little contact between wild and domestic animals. another batch of samples was collected from 16 a ... | 2005 | 16112811 |
| in vitro efficacies of nitazoxanide and other thiazolides against neospora caninum tachyzoites reveal antiparasitic activity independent of the nitro group. | the thiazolide nitazoxanide [2-acetolyloxy-n-(5-nitro-2-thiazolyl)benzamide] (ntz) exhibits a broad spectrum of activities against a wide variety of intestinal and tissue-dwelling helminths, protozoa, and enteric bacteria infecting animals and humans. the drug has been postulated to act via reduction of its nitro group by nitroreductases, including pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase. in this study, we investigated the efficacies of nitazoxanide and a number of other thiazolides against neospora ... | 2005 | 16127045 |