Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| an outbreak of diarrhoea associated with rotavirus serotype 1 in a day care nursery in rio de janeiro, brazil. | faeces from 17 children less than 1.6 years old and 15 adults more than 22 years old were collected during an outbreak of gastroenteritis in a day care nursery and screened for the presence of adenovirus and rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay (eiara) and other viruses by electron microscopy (em) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). ten samples (58.8%) from children and one (6.7%) from adults were positive for rotavirus and all samples were negative for bacteria and parasites. no other vir ... | 1994 | 7823820 |
| transfer of maternal anti-rotavirus igg to the mucosal surfaces and bile of turkey poults. | turkey poults from hens vaccinated against avian group a rotavirus were examined to study the transfer of maternally derived anti-rotavirus igg (rigg) to the mucosal surfaces (intestinal and tracheal), serum, yolk, and bile. during the first week of life, maternal rigg titers in intestinal mucosal washings were 200-to-500-fold less than rigg titers in the circulation, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the intestinal titers in 10- and 13-day-old poults were negligible. a ... | 1994 | 7832692 |
| use of the colonic carcinoma cell line caco-2 for in vivo amplification and detection of enteric viruses. | the use of the continuous cell line caco-2 as an in vivo amplification system for the detection of fastidious human enteric viruses is reported. caco-2 cells showed an increased sensitivity to laboratory strains of group a rotavirus 3, reovirus 3, astrovirus 1, poliovirus 1, coxsackievirus a 24, enterovirus 70, and adenovirus 5, 40 and 41, when compared to a routine host cell line for each virus. nucleic acids from wild-type infectious rotavirus, astrovirus, and adenovirus 40 in stool samples of ... | 1994 | 7852976 |
| effect of orally administered epidermal growth factor on intestinal recovery of neonatal pigs infected with rotavirus. | the effect of oral epidermal growth factor (egf) on histological and biochemical changes in epithelium in the small intestine was studied in colostrum-deprived neonatal pigs. forty-eight pigs were infected at 4 days of age with 2 x 10(7) plaque-forming units of porcine group a rotavirus and orally fed a simulated sow-milk diet supplemented with 0.0, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/l recombinant human egf. sixteen noninfected pigs were fed a diet without egf supplementation. infected pigs developed severe diarrhe ... | 1994 | 7876990 |
| serological and genotypic characterization of group a rotavirus reassortants from diarrheic calves born to dams vaccinated against rotavirus. | two strains of bovine rotavirus (brv), designated strain nebraska scottsbluff-1 (ns-1) and ns-2, were isolated from 2 neighboring cow-calf beef cattle ranches where dams had been vaccinated with a commercial vaccine containing group a brv strain neonatal calf diarrhea virus (ncdv)-lincoln (p1:g6). northern blot hybridizations using whole genomic rna probes indicated that strains ns-1 and ns-2 had identical group a rna electrophoretic patterns and were homologous at all gene segments. strain ns-1 ... | 1994 | 7886929 |
| reduction of virus shedding by b. bifidum in experimentally induced mrv infection. statistical application for elisa. | the protective effect of a human strain of bifidobacterium bifidum (b. bifidum) against murine group a rotavirus (mrv) was examined in the intestines of balb/c infected mice. in experiments designed to determine whether b. bifidum mediated mrv shedding during diarrheal disease, pregnant dams (and their expected litters) were randomly assigned to the following groups: (1) mice infected with mrv alone; (2) b. bifidum-treated + mrv-infected mice; (3) b. bifidum-treated controls; and (4) saline cont ... | 1994 | 7956600 |
| nosocomial transmission of an avian-like rotavirus strain among children in belém, brazil. | an atypical group-a rotavirus strain, with an electrophoretype displaying 5 segments in the first dsrna size class, was detected among 3 hospitalized children less than 2 years old. detection occurred initially 24 h after admission in a non-diarrhoeic child hospitalized because of acute respiratory infection. the second detection involved a child who occupied a different room within the same ward and who developed nosocomial diarrhoea 48 h later. a third case, also of hospital-acquired diarrhoea ... | 1994 | 7963343 |
| molecular biology of rotaviruses. ix. conservation and divergence in genome segment 5. | nucleotide sequencing of rna segment 5 from seven strains of group a rotavirus has been carried out to investigate the extent of diversity and conservation, as well as possible selective pressures involved in driving the fixation of sequence changes in this gene. analyses of the derived sequences revealed that sequence conservation could not be correlated either with rotavirus serotype or the species of origin of the virus strain. these sequences together with other published and unpublished seq ... | 1994 | 7996134 |
| rotaviruses belonging to the au-1 genogroup recovered from israeli infants with diarrhea. | the genetic and antigenic diversity of group a rotaviruses recovered from israeli infants has been expanded recently by the inclusion of three unusual human rotavirus strains. two rotavirus strains (ro-5829 and ro-5960) were shown to be the first viruses outside japan that resembled the au-1 genogroup of feline like human rotaviruses in their overall genomic constellation and in the restriction pattern of their polymerase chain reaction amplified gene 4 following digestion with ecori. another st ... | 1994 | 7998840 |
| [the detection of atypical human rotaviruses and their characteristics]. | the electrophoretic typing of 1,370 rotavirus strains revealed the presence of group c rotaviruses in 1.3% of cases. in the arkhangelsk region group c rotaviruses were detected in 34.4% of cases. the detected group c rotaviruses were shown to be no different in their morphology from typical ones; they were characterized by the variability of their genome and the absence of hybridization with rna of group a rotaviruses. group c rotaviruses were detected in children aged 3-6 years; in this age gro ... | 1994 | 8017112 |
| rotavirus infection in calves, piglets, lambs and goat kids in trinidad. | faecal samples from diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic calves, piglets, lambs and goat kids were collected and screened by a latex agglutination test to detect the presence of group a rotavirus antigen. of a total of 470 animals screened, 138 (29.4%) had faecal samples positive for rotavirus antigen. the prevalences of infection were 27.7% (73/264) in calves, 27.8% (45/162) in piglets, 48.6% (18/37) in lambs and 28.6% (2/7) in goat kids. rotavirus antigen was not detected in calves and lambs < 1 week ... | 1994 | 8044669 |
| vp4 typing of bovine and porcine group a rotaviruses by pcr. | a pcr typing assay was developed to identify rotavirus p types (vp4 specificity) of bovine ncdv, uk, and b223 strains and porcine osu and gottfried strains. thirty-nine human and animal strains representing all known, and some undefined, rotavirus p types were used to develop and evaluate the specificity of the method. no cross-amplification was observed. the pcr results agreed with previous characterizations by monoclonal antibodies, sequence analysis, and hybridization assays, except for the g ... | 1994 | 8051262 |
| a survey of g6 and g10 serotypes of group a bovine rotaviruses from diarrheic beef and dairy calves using monoclonal antibodies in elisa. | group a bovine rotaviruses (brv) have been identified worldwide as a major cause of diarrhea in the young of many species, including humans. group a rotaviruses are classified into serotypes on the basis of the outer capsid proteins, vp7 (g types) and vp4 (p types). to date, there are 14 g types of group a rotaviruses, with g1, g6, g8, and g10 described for brv isolates. in this study, g6- and g10-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for ... | 1994 | 8068748 |
| rearrangement of the vp6 gene of a group a rotavirus in combination with a point mutation affecting trimer stability. | a group a rotavirus isolated from a lamb with diarrhea in qinhai province, china, was serially passaged in fetal calf kidney cells. in passage 96, rearrangements of rna segments 5 and 6 of the viral genome were found. here we report the nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of normal and rearranged rna 6, coding for the major inner capsid protein vp6. in comparison with the normal gene (n6), the rearranged rna 6 (r6) contained the normal open reading frame followed by a 473-nucleotide (n ... | 1994 | 7509001 |
| astrovirus-like particles, adenoviruses and rotaviruses associated with diarrhoea in piglets. | faecal specimens from 1- to 7-week-old piglets (n = 251) with acute diarrhoeal illness were examined by direct negative staining electron microscopy for the presence of viral agents. rotaviruses were observed in almost 40% of cases while adenoviruses and astroviruses were also observed in 3 specimens each. the majority of the rotaviruses reacted with a commercial group a rotavirus elisa although in 11 specimens they did not react with the group a antigen and could represent atypical rotaviruses. ... | 1994 | 7602569 |
| neutralizing antibody immune response in children with primary and secondary rotavirus infections. | we have characterized the neutralizing antibody immune response to six human rotavirus serotypes (g1 to g4, g8, and g9) in brazilian children with primary and secondary rotavirus infections and correlated the response with the g serotype of the infecting rotavirus strain. twenty-five children were studied: 17 had a single rotavirus infection, 4 were reinfected once, and 4 experienced three infections. two of the reinfections were by non-group a rotaviruses. among the 25 primary infections, we ob ... | 1994 | 7496929 |
| isolation and preliminary characterization of a caprine rotavirus. | five cytopathic rotavirus strains were isolated in ma104 cells from stool specimens of kids with diarrhoea. pre-treatment of the virus with trypsin and incorporation of low levels of trypsin in the maintenance medium were important for the successful cultivation of the strains in these cells. the isolates were shown to be group a rotaviruses by antigenic reactivity with a group a monoclonal antibody. this was confirmed by the migration patterns of the viral rna genome during polyacrylamide gel e ... | 1994 | 7501360 |
| molecular characterization of a human group a rotavirus isolated from an adult with severe dehydrating diarrhea and its relationship to strains concurrently circulating among children. | while group a rotavirus is widely accepted as an important etiology of acute gastroenteritis in children, this agent rarely causes severe diarrhea in adults and, thus, is not considered by physicians to be an etiological agent for such diseases. | 1994 | 15566782 |
| identification of a neutralizing epitope on an 82-kda protein encoded by gene 3 of group c rotavirus. | a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (1a5) with hemagglutination inhibition activity was produced against a cultivable porcine group c rotavirus strain (strain amc-1) and used to identify and map the functional topography of the protein involved in viral neutralization. the 1a5 mab recognized an 82-kda protein from infected cells as well as an equivalent in vitro-translated protein programmed with gene 3 of the amc-1 strain. by employing a method called dna amplification-restricted transcription-t ... | 1995 | 11831719 |
| group a rotavirus g type prevalence in two regions of hungary. | rotaviruses are a major cause of gastroenteritis in children world-wide. rotaviruses are antigenically complex, with multiple serotypes (g types). the first longitudinal study of group a rotavirus serotype (g type) distribution in hungary is reported. neutralizing monoclonal antibodies specific for g1, g2, g3, and g4 were used in an enzyme immunoassay to determine the antigenic variation of group a rotaviruses in two collections of stool specimens assembled from 1984-1992 in baranya county, sout ... | 1995 | 7503671 |
| serological and genomic characterisation of group a rotaviruses from lambs. | four lamb rotaviruses were characterised serologically by reactions with monoclonal antibodies and genomically by hybridisation assays and sequencing. each was found to be distinct. three viruses belonged to the bovine genogroup and were of subgroup i. these viruses possessed serotypes g3, g6, and g10. their corresponding p types were p1, p11, and p14 respectively. the only previous isolation of a rotavirus with vp4 of type p14 was also from lambs. the fourth isolate was g9p8, which is the first ... | 1995 | 7487486 |
| molecular epidemiology of bovine rotaviruses. characterization of rotaviruses isolated from diarrhoeic calves by genome profile analysis. | fifteen bovine rotavirus group a strains were isolated in several italian regions over the period 1981-1989 from calves in ten neonatal diarrhoea outbreaks. the electrophoretical analysis of the genoma showed genomic variations and five different profiles were observed, including one with thirteen dsrna segments. the finding of extra rna fragments, with respect to the regular eleven genome segments, suggests the possibility of simultaneous or sequential infection by more than one electropherotyp ... | 1995 | 7603347 |
| the epidemiology of rotavirus infections: a global perspective. | rotavirus, which is the most common cause of infantile diarrhea worldwide, mainly affects infants between the ages of 6 and 24 months. most infections in human newborns are mild or asymptomatic, due to the inherently attenuated nature of the "nursery" rotavirus strains. adults are also sometimes affected, especially those in families with an infected child; the disease also occurs in closed adult communities. hiv-infected persons, travelers, or as a result of water-borne epidemics. nosocomially ... | 1995 | 7608822 |
| is rotavirus a population of reassortants? | rotaviruses appear to exist as heterogeneous populations of reassortants and related variants. this phenomenon is consistent with the quasispecies concept of rna viruses, and suggests that gene reassortment is a crucial evolutionary mechanism for this segmented virus. it also explains puzzling epidemiological findings and controversial results of vaccine-efficacy studies. | 1995 | 7613759 |
| prevalence of group a and group b rotaviruses in the feces of neonatal dairy calves from california. | 136 fecal samples, collected from 47 dairy calves on a calf ranch and in a dairy herd in california, were tested for the presence of group a and group b rotaviruses by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). samples were collected from each calf at days 1, 7 and 14. within the 14 day period, 44 calves (94%) were positive for group a rotavirus and an unexpectedly high number of calves (38 calves, 81%) were positive for group b rotavirus. when these samples were examined by polya ... | 1995 | 7621673 |
| detection of group a rotavirus by reverse transcriptase and polymerase chain reaction in feces from children with acute gastroenteritis. | rt-pcr was employed to detect rotavirus infection in 450 fecal samples from children with acute diarrhoea. it was compared with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) for rotavirus detection. a total of 67 samples were found positive by at least one of the three techniques. of these 67 samples, 51 were positive by all three methods, 6 were positive by elisa and rt-pcr but negative by page, 3 were positive by page and rt-pcr and negative by elisa, ... | 1995 | 7544113 |
| genotyping of rotaviruses isolated from sewage. | rotaviruses from environmental samples have been genotyped by a seminested reverse transcription pcr assay with serotype-specific primers derived from variable regions of gene 9, which produce different characteristic segment sizes for serotypes 1 to 4. the method enabled the detection and identification of type 1, 2, and 3 group a rotaviruses in sewage. | 1995 | 7574652 |
| heterogeneity of vp4 neutralization epitopes among serotype p1a human rotavirus strains. | we have used serotype-specific vp4 and vp7 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nt-mabs), as well as subgroup (sg)-specific mabs, to characterize by enzyme immunoassay rotavirus strains isolated from diarrheic infants in the city of monterrey, mexico, from july 1993 to march 1994. of a total of 465 children studied, 140 were rotavirus positive, including 3 patients infected with non-group a rotaviruses. the sg and vp7 (g) serotype specificities could be determined for 118 (84%) of the 140 rotavir ... | 1995 | 7583936 |
| typing of human group a rotavirus with alkaline phosphatase-labeled oligonucleotide probes or a monoclonal enzyme immunoassay in unfrozen stools of children with diarrhea in bangkok. | in developed countries, serotypes (or g types) have been identified in > 70% of group a rotavirus using monoclonal enzyme immunoassays (meias); however, these assays have identified < 50% of rotavirus g types from developing countries presumably because the vp7 antigens were damaged by freezing and thawing during transportation of specimens. the vp7 (g) serotypes of rotavirus in unfrozen stool collected from children with acute diarrhea in bangkok were determined using meia and compared to hybri ... | 1995 | 7714487 |
| comparative amino acid sequence analysis of the major outer capsid protein (vp7) of porcine rotaviruses with g3 and g5 serotype specificities isolated in venezuela and argentina. | seven porcine group a rotavirus strains isolated in venezuela were shown to be antigenically related to serotype g3 (five strains) or to serotype g5 (two strains), whereas two strains isolated in argentina were classified as serotype g5. the serological classification of eight of these strains was confirmed by sequence analysis of the gene encoding the vp7 glycoprotein. a high degree of homology was observed among strains belonging to the same g serotype, although some variations in the serotype ... | 1995 | 7733818 |
| sequence analysis of cdna for the vp6 protein of group a avian rotavirus: a comparison with group a mammalian rotaviruses. | cdna corresponding to the genomic segment 6 of avian rotavirus strain po-13, which has group a common and subgroup i antigens, but does not hybridize in northern blots with rna probes from group a mammalian rotaviruses, was cloned and sequenced. when the deduced amino acid sequence was compared between strain po-13 and eight group a mammalian rotaviruses, the extent of homology ranged from 73-75%. an alignment of the amino acid sequences allowed us to identify three amino acids (positions 120, 3 ... | 1995 | 7733831 |
| identification of group a rotavirus genes associated with virulence of a porcine rotavirus and host range restriction of a human rotavirus in the gnotobiotic piglet model. | rotaviruses are the leading cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children worldwide. thus, the development of an effective rotavirus vaccine is a major public health goal. this study was performed to identify the gene or genes responsible for rotavirus virulence or host range restriction and attenuation in a natural host. such knowledge could have an important bearing on the selection of candidate live vaccine strains. we addressed this issue by analyzing the response of gnotobiotic pig ... | 1995 | 7747480 |
| electrophoretic typing of some strains of enteric viruses isolated in rabbits suffering from diarrhoea. | fifty strains of enteric viruses were isolated on ma-104 cell cultures from the diarrhoeic stools of rabbits from tuscan and umbrian breedings. four of these were identified by means of serological and electrophoretical assays as group a rotavirus; one produced a negative result in the elisa test and an electrophoretic pattern related to reovirus. | 1995 | 7760761 |
| characterization of the bovine group a rotavirus strain neonatal calf diarrhea virus-cody (ncdv-cody). | the neonatal calf diarrhea virus-cody (ncdv-cody) strain was found to contain a mixture of rotaviruses with g6 and g8 vp7 genes. challenge exposure of calves with the mixed virus inoculum indicated that both viruses were maintained by passage in vivo. this is the first p1:g8 rotavirus to be characterized in cattle in the united states. | 1995 | 7790474 |
| first detection of group c rotavirus in fecal specimens of children with diarrhea in the united states. | group c rotaviruses cause sporadic cases and outbreaks of acute diarrhea in children and adults in many countries but have never been identified from patients in the united states. fecal specimens from children with diarrhea who were hospitalized in providence, rhode island, were screened for group c rotaviruses if rotavirus was detected by electron microscopy but the specimens were negative for group a rotavirus by elisa. of 16 specimens examined, 3 were positive for group c rotavirus by elisa ... | 1995 | 7797945 |
| analyses of homologous rotavirus infection in the mouse model. | the group a rotaviruses are significant human and veterinary pathogens in terms of morbidity, mortality, and economic loss. despite its importance, an effective vaccine remains elusive due at least in part to our incomplete understanding of rotavirus immunity and protection. both large and small animal model systems have been established to address these issues. one significant drawback of these models is the lack of well-characterized wild-type homologous viruses and their cell culture-adapted ... | 1995 | 7871723 |
| comparative nucleotide and amino acid sequence analysis of the sequence-specific rna-binding rotavirus nonstructural protein nsp3. | nsp3, an acidic nonstructural protein, encoded by gene 7 has been implicated as the key player in the assembly of the 11 viral plus-strand rnas into the early replication intermediates during rotavirus morphogenesis. to date, the sequence of nsp3 from only three animal rotaviruses (sa11, sa114f, and bovine uk) has been determined and that from a human strain has not been reported. to determine the genetic diversity among gene 7 alleles from group a rotaviruses, the nucleotide sequence of the nsp ... | 1995 | 7871749 |
| prevalence of serotypes g6 and g10 group a rotaviruses in dairy calves in quebec. | fecal samples from diarrheic and nondiarrheic dairy calves (1 to 3 weeks old) from 12 regions of quebec, collected between 1992 and 1994, were screened for group a bovine rotavirus (brv) using a combination of 2 vp6-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs) in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the overall prevalence of brv infection was 26.4% (107/405). in diarrheic calves, brv infection reached 74.3% (55/74), but only 15.7% (52/331) in nondiarrheic calves. brv-positive samples were sero ... | 1995 | 8521359 |
| molecular characterization of the 11th rna segment from human group c rotavirus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of genome segment 11 from the noncultivatable, human group c rotavirus (bristol strain) was determined. comparison of the nucleotide sequence of the segment termini with the consensus 5' and 3' terminal noncoding sequences of the human group c rotavirus genome revealed characteristic 5' and 3' sequences. human group c rotavirus genome segment 11 is 613 bp long and encodes a single open reading frame of 450 nucleotides (150 amino acids) starting at nucleotide 39 a ... | 1995 | 8560785 |
| sensitive detection of group a rotaviruses by immunomagnetic separation and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. | an immunomagnetic separation (ims) method was developed for concentrating rotaviruses from environmental samples, as well as a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for the sensitive and specific detection of group a rotaviruses. magnetic beads were coated with monoclonal antibodies directed against the group-specific, inner capsid protein (vp6) and subsequently used to capture and purify the virus with the help of a magnet. the genome was made available for rt by heat-disrupt ... | 1995 | 8609198 |
| genetic and antigenic characterization of a serotype g6 human rotavirus isolated in melbourne, australia. | an unusual rotavirus strain, mg6, was isolated from a 16-month-old child admitted to hospital with acute gastroenteritis. the virus could not be serotyped (g-typed) by enzyme immunoassay using standard reagents specific for common serotypes of human group a rotaviruses. nucleotide sequencing of cdna derived from the gene encoding the outer capsid protein, vp7, and deduction of the vp7 amino acid sequence indicated that this strain belonged to serotype g6, a serotype normally associated with viru ... | 1995 | 8636702 |
| a molecular epidemiological study of porcine rotaviruses. | diarrhoea in the piglet can lead to stunted growth and neonatal death, with important implications for the pig farmer. during 1993, a pilot study was initiated to monitor the epidemiology of rotavirus infection in piglets with diarrhoea. bimonthly diarrhoeal faecal specimens were collected from scouring piglets less than 6 weeks of age on a pig farm in the northern transvaal. the stool specimens were examined by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (rotavirus eia, idl, jerusalem). in t ... | 1995 | 8691407 |
| electropherotypes of rotavirus strains causing gastroenteritis in infants and young children in tirana, albania, from 1988 to 1991. | during 1988-1991, an epidemiological survey was conducted in tirana (albania) on group a rotavirus strains which cause gastroenteritis in infants and young children. rotaviruses were detected in 312 of 1,241 (25.1%) examined specimens from children with acute diarrhoea. viruses were detected throughout the study period. among the 72 rotavirus strains tested for double-stranded rna (dsrna) electrophoretic migration pattern, 9 different electropherotypes were recognized, 1 of those being more freq ... | 1995 | 8722294 |
| subgroup determination of group a rotaviruses recovered from piglets in nigeria. | subgroup analysis using subgroup-specific monoclonal elisa revealed a preponderance of subgroup 2-specific antigens of group a porcine rotaviruses over subgroup 1. of 113 polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis-positive test samples, obtained from 4 states of nigeria, 31 (27.4%) and 45 (39.8%) were determined to have subgroup 1 and 2 specificities, respectively. however, 37 (32.7%) test samples could not be classified into any of the known group a rotavirus subgroups. these "unclassifiable" samples p ... | 1995 | 8833268 |
| hyperimmune cow colostrum reduces diarrhoea due to rotavirus: a double-blind, controlled clinical trial. | the therapeutic efficacy of hyperimmune bovine colostrum (hbc) from cows immunized with four serotypes of human rotavirus was evaluated in a double-blind, randomized trial in 75 boys, aged 6-24 months, infected with rotavirus diarrhoea. the treatment group received 100 ml of hbc three times a day for 3 consecutive days, while the controls received the same amount of bovine colostrum from significantly shorter duration of diarrhoea than the controls (median 56 versus 72 h (p<0.001); confidence in ... | 1995 | 8652974 |
| an epidemiological study on viral infantile diarrhoea in tirana. | during the period may 1993-april 1994, an epidemiological survey was conducted on enteric viruses which cause gastroenteritis in infants and young children in tirana, albania. specimens from 321 cases were screened by direct electron microscopy and by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay specific for rotavirus group a antigen. by ultrastructural analysis, rotaviruses were detected in 10.3% of cases and adenoviruses in 0.6%, whereas small round structured viruses and small round viruses were foun ... | 1996 | 8673857 |
| isolation and subgrouping of rotaviruses from buffalo calves in sri lanka. | twenty-eight faecal specimens from sri lankan buffalo calves shown to be positive for rotavirus group a antigen were subgrouped by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, by using monoclonal antibodies prepared against subgroup i and ii antigens. the 13 of the 28 specimens which were classified as strongly positive belonged to subgroup i. three of five faecal specimens inoculated on to roller cultures of ma104 cells yielded group a subgroup i rotavirus. as with other group a rotaviruses isolated f ... | 1996 | 8685545 |
| outbreak of severe gastroenteritis in adults and children associated with type g2 rotavirus. study group on diarrhea of the instituto adolfo lutz. | an outbreak of severe gastroenteritis affecting 132 adults and children occurred in the small city of mirassol, são paulo, brazil, in 1992. the outbreak of diarrhoeal disease had an abrupt onset and afflicted all age segments of the population. group a rotavirus was the only pathogen associated with the epidemic. it was detected in 12 of the 27 (44%) stool specimens analyzed and was identified as serotype g2 rotavirus. severe dehydration was common among adults and older children, and 35% of all ... | 1996 | 8870397 |
| the 3'-terminal consensus sequence of rotavirus mrna is the minimal promoter of negative-strand rna synthesis. | we used an in vitro template-dependent replicase assay (d. chen, c. zeng, m. wentz, m. gorziglia, m. estes, and r. ramig. j. virol. 68:7030-7039, 1994) to identify the cis-acting signals required for replication of a genome segment 9 template from the group a rotavirus strain osu. the replicase phenotypes for a panel of templates with internal deletions or 3'-terminal truncations indicated that no essential replication signals were present within the open reading frame and that key elements were ... | 1996 | 8892905 |
| the characterization of vp7 (g type) and vp4 (p type) genes of bovine group a rotaviruses from field samples using rt-pcr and rflp analysis. | characterization of the vp7 (g type) and vp4 (p type) genes of bovine group a rotaviruses (brv) from field samples was performed using rt-pcr and rflp analysis. after rt-pcr amplification of the full length vp7 genes and partial length vp4 genes (nucleotides 1 to 1096), four enzymes, ecorv, nlaiv, bamhi and hpaii were used for digestion analysis. for vp7, four rflp profiles were observed after analysis of the digests: they were designated as g6, g6s (subtype, showed about 86% nucleotide and 90% ... | 1996 | 8893794 |
| genetic stability of a porcine rotavirus rna segment during repeated plaque isolation. | the porcine group a rotavirus cc86 was characterized to explore its utility as a tool for mutation analysis. it has a semiduplication of the gene 11 rna segment. nucleotide sequence determination of cdna confirmed that the nsp5 coding sequence and the conserved nontranslated termini of the rna segment were retained. a comparison of the nsp5 genes of cc86 and cn86 that were isolated from the same fecal specimen showed eight base pair changes, suggesting that cn86 was not the immediate progenitor ... | 1996 | 8918545 |
| evaluation of reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (rt/pcr) for the detection of rotaviruses: applications of the assay. | our aim was to evaluate the reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (rt/pcr) technique for the detection of rotavirus shedding by infected children as a routine diagnostic procedure, in comparison to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), electron microscopy (em) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) of rotavirus double-stranded rna. two-hundred and twenty stool specimens were collected from infants and young children with diarrhoea, and 10-20% faecal suspensions were ... | 1996 | 8958588 |
| the vp3 gene of human group c rotavirus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of genome segment 4 from the human group c rotavirus (bristol strain) was determined. comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the genome termini with the consensus 5' and 3' terminal non-coding sequences of the human group c rotavirus genome revealed characteristic 5' and 3' sequence motifs. human group c rotavirus genome segment 4 is 2,166bp long and encodes a single open reading frame of 2,082 nucleotides (693 amino acids) starting at nucleotide 55 and termin ... | 1996 | 8972570 |
| natural history of human rotavirus infection. | rotavirus infections occur repeatedly in humans from birth to old age. most are asymptomatic or are associated with mild enteric symptoms. infection in young children can be accompanied by severe life-threatening diarrhea, most commonly after primary infection. annual childhood morbidity rates for severe diarrhea are similar worldwide. mortality rates are low in developed countries but approach 1,000,000 annually in young children in developing countries. rotaviruses can be classified into group ... | 1996 | 9015109 |
| protective immunity against group a rotavirus infection and illness in infants. | understanding of the protective effect provided by natural rotavirus infections against subsequent rotavirus infections is required for evaluating vaccine development programs. prior studies of the protective efficacy of natural infections and correlates of natural protection are reviewed and results from several studies presented only in abstract form are summarized to provide a current assessment of knowledge in this area. six cohort studies have reported rates for the protective efficacy of a ... | 1996 | 9015110 |
| prophylaxis of rotavirus gastroenteritis using immunoglobulin. | oral inoculation of the human group a rotavirus mo strain (g serotype 3) into 5-day-old balb/c mice causes gastroenteritis characterized by diarrhea. using this small animal model, passive protection of suckling mice against human rotavirus infection was achieved with the use of immunoglobulin (igy) from the yolks of eggs of rotavirus-immunized hens. when igy against the rotavirus strain homotypic with the challenge virus (mo strain) was administered to mice, complete protection was achieved. af ... | 1996 | 9015118 |
| characterization of rotaviral rna isolated from children with gastroenteritis in poland. | rotaviruses were detected in 37% (331/895) of stool specimens collected from children with gastroenteritis attending three hospitals in warsaw between january 1981 and march 1994. an analysis of rotavirus electrophoretypes circulating in warsaw and cracow, poland, over 6 years showed that all 176 electrophoretypes encountered were characteristic of group a rotaviruses. based on variations in the migration pattern of rna genome segments when passed through polyacrylamide gels, 10 different electr ... | 1996 | 9017144 |
| serological and genomic characterization of porcine rotaviruses in thailand: detection of a g10 porcine rotavirus. | a total of 557 fecal specimens collected from piglets with diarrhea in thailand were examined for rotavirus rna by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. twenty-three, one, and two samples were positive for group a, group b, and group c rotaviruses, respectively. two samples exhibited two segments found in picobirnavirus rna. rna electropherotyping of 23 group a rotaviruses showed that they were classified into five patterns. by serotyping by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and pcr, viruses in 3 ... | 1996 | 8727874 |
| demonstration of a lack of synergistic effect of rotavirus with other diarrheal pathogens on severity of diarrhea in children. | the severity of group a rotavirus (rv) diarrhea was compared with that of mixed infections of rv with diarrheagenic escherichia coli, vibrio cholerae o1, and shigella species by a scoring system. the severity of mixed infections of rv and e. coli was the same as that of infections with rv alone. rv infections mixed with v. cholerae and shigella species mimicked cholera and shigellosis, respectively. | 1996 | 8727937 |
| evaluation of a one-step test for rapid, in practice detection of rotavirus in farm animals. | an immunochromatographic test for the detection of group a rotavirus was evaluated against a reference group a rotavirus elisa, by using a panel of 161 bovine, porcine and equine faecal samples submitted for routine examination. the sensitivity of the test was 89 per cent and the specificity 99 per cent compared with the elisa. its reproducibility was 100 per cent. the simplicity and rapidity of the test procedure make it suitable for use in practice. | 1996 | 8732193 |
| hospital admissions attributable to rotavirus infection in england and wales. | laboratory reports and data on hospital admissions were used to estimate the number of hospitalizations due to group a rotavirus infection in england and wales. between january 1990 and december 1994, there were 75,059 laboratory reports of rotavirus infection, and 66,062 of these were in children <5 years old; rotavirus represented 39% of all pathogens identified in fecal specimens from this age group. between april 1993 and march 1994, 1904 hospital admissions coded as "infectious intestinal d ... | 1996 | 8752285 |
| efficacy of a quadrivalent rhesus rotavirus-based human rotavirus vaccine aimed at preventing severe rotavirus diarrhea in infants and young children. | the most extensively explored strategy for rotavirus vaccination has been the jennerian approach, which uses an antigenically related rotavirus strain from an animal host as the immunogen to induce protection against the 4 epidemiologically important group a rotavirus vp7 serotypes. because this approach has shown limited efficacy, a modified jennerian approach was developed with the goal of achieving broader antigenic coverage. four vp7 serotypes were incorporated into a quadrivalent vaccine co ... | 1996 | 8752293 |
| group a rotavirus veterinary vaccines. | group a rotaviruses cause diarrhea in young livestock and poultry; consequently, vaccination strategies have focused on induction of active or passive immunity. gnotobiotic pigs and calves serve as useful models to evaluate induction of active immunity by candidate animal or human rotavirus vaccines. however, live attenuated rotavirus vaccines lacked efficacy when administered orally to calves and pigs in the field, presumably because colostral antibodies inhibited vaccine virus replication. the ... | 1996 | 8752298 |
| role of enteric pathogens in the aetiology of neonatal diarrhoea in lambs and goat kids in spain. | faeces samples from diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic lambs and goat kids aged 1-45 days were examined for enteric pathogens. cryptosporidium parvum was detected in both diarrhoeic lambs (45%) and goat kids (42%) but not in non-diarrhoeic animals. f5+ (k99+) and/or f41+ escherichia coli strains were isolated from 26% and 22% of the diarrhoeic lambs and goat kids, respectively, although these strains, which did not produce enterotoxins st i or lt i, were found with similar frequencies in non-diarrhoe ... | 1996 | 8760970 |
| unusual diversity of human rotavirus g and p genotypes in india. | between april and december 1993, we determined p and g genotypes of group a rotavirus strains obtained from children admitted to diarrhea treatment centers in five indian cities. from a total of 63 rotavirus-positive specimens, we identified 10 different strains with five different g genotypes and four distinct p types by using reverse transcription-pcr. the common worldwide strains g1p8, g2p4, g3p8, and g4p8 were underrepresented among indian children (33%), whereas strains of p type 6 (g1p6, g ... | 1996 | 8789033 |
| phosphorylation generates different forms of rotavirus nsp5. | nsp5 (non-structural protein 5) is one of two proteins encoded by genome segment 11 of group a rotaviruses. in virus-infected cells nsp5 accumulates in the virosomes and is found as two polypeptides with molecular masses of 26 and 28 kda (26k and 28k proteins). nsp5 has been previously shown to be post-translationally modified by the addition of o-linked monosaccharide residues of n-acetylglucosamine and also by phosphorylation. we have now found that, as a consequence of phosphorylation, a comp ... | 1996 | 8811003 |
| diversity of rotavirus strains infecting pediatric patients in new delhi, india. | polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) of rotavirus can provide information on variation in rotavirus strain prevalent in the community. in the present study 157 samples were collected from children below 5 years of age presenting with acute diarrhoea from may to december, 1990 at safdarjung hospital, new delhi. seventy-one (45 percent) of these stool samples were positive for rotavirus by elisa. sixty-seven samples showed discernible rna pattern of group a rotavirus by page. it was found tha ... | 1996 | 8816032 |
| enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, rotavirus, porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus, adenovirus and calici-like virus in porcine postweaning diarrhoea in hungary. | in order to obtain data about the significance of enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec), and of the different enteric viruses in the aetiology of porcine postweaning diarrhoea, bacteriological, electron microscopic and elisa studies were made on dead and live pigs. e. coli from the small intestine of diarrhoeal weaned pigs that died were tested for serogroups, pili (fimbriae) and toxin-geno-type. the 108 haemolytic e. coli representing 14 farms and 42 pigs were typed as follows: 0149:k88+etec (56.5%), ... | 1996 | 8826697 |
| role of maternally derived circulating antibodies in protection of neonatal swine against porcine group a rotavirus. | the ability of maternally derived antibodies in the circulation of neonatal pigs to protect against challenge with virulent porcine group a rotavirus (osu strain) was evaluated. groups of neonatal pigs with nondetectable (group 1), low (group 2), or high (group 3) serum levels of osu rotavirus-specific maternally derived antibodies were challenged with virulent osu rotavirus at 3 days of age and monitored for infection and disease. control pigs were sham-inoculated with diluent at 3 days of age. ... | 1996 | 8699055 |
| development of mucosal and systemic lymphoproliferative responses and protective immunity to human group a rotaviruses in a gnotobiotic pig model. | gnotobiotic pigs were orally inoculated with virulent wa strain (g1p1a[8]) human rotavirus (group 1), attenuated wa rotavirus (group 2) or diluent (controls) and were challenged with virulent wa rotavirus 21 days later. on various postinoculation or postchallenge days, virus-specific responses of systemic (blood and spleen) and intestinal (mesenteric lymph node and ileal lamina propria) mononuclear cells (mnc) were assessed by lymphoproliferative assays (lpa). after inoculation, 100% of group 1 ... | 1996 | 8705681 |
| caprine and bovine b rotaviruses in western france: group identification by northern hybridization. | in a survey of coronavirus and rotavirus-induced neonatal diarrhoea in 373 calves from 284 farms, nine (2.4%) of the animals were found to be infected with non-group a rotaviruses when their faeces were analysed in a commercial elisa and by page. seven out of eight 1-4- day-old kids from a single farm were also infected with similar viruses. in a mini-page, all the viruses displayed group b- and/or e-like 4223 electrophoretypes. in northern hybridizations with cdna chemiluminescent probes specif ... | 1996 | 8721296 |
| cross-reactive, serotype- and monotype-specific neutralization epitopes on vp7 of serotype g3 and g5 porcine rotavirus strains. | vp7 specific monoclonal antibodies raised against serotype g5 porcine rotavirus strains isolated in venezuela showed either a serotype g5- or monotype-specific pattern of reactivity by neutralization against a panel of 53 group a rotavirus isolates representative of all established g serotypes. monoclonal antibodies raised against two g3 porcine strains were either specific for a subset of porcine g3 strains or reactive with another subset of porcine g3 strains and with most g5 strains. neither ... | 1996 | 8645098 |
| sequence comparison of the vp7 gene encoding the outer capsid glycoprotein among animal and human group c rotaviruses. | the nucleotide sequences of the outer capsid glycoprotein (vp7) genes from the shintoku bovine and the hf and wh porcine group c rotaviruses were determined and compared with those of the published corresponding genes from the cowden porcine and ehime human group c rotaviruses. the vp7 genes of all 5 strains were 1063 nucleotides in length and possess one open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 332 amino acids. comparative analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences indicated that 85.2-97. ... | 1996 | 8645106 |
| subclasses of iga antibodies in serum and saliva samples of newborns and infants immunized against rotavirus. | little is known about subclass levels of iga in serum or saliva of infants in the perinatal period. we have previously shown that very young infants are capable of responding to an experimental rotavirus vaccine with both serum and salivary iga, and that small amounts of iga are already detectable in cord blood of these infants. in the present study, total iga1 and iga2 antibodies in serum and saliva samples of some of these infants at birth, at 6 weeks of age, and at 12 weeks of age, were deter ... | 1996 | 8565301 |
| an unusual group-a rotavirus associated with an epidemic of diarrhea among three-month-old calves. | during the 1992 and 1993 breeding seasons, epidemics of diarrhea among calves approximately 3 months old in a cow/calf operation were reported. rotavirus was determined to be the probable cause, but because rotavirus typically affects younger calves, further investigations were conducted to determine the characteristics of the virus. virus isolated from the feces of 1 affected calf was found to be antigenically distinct from the vaccine strain used. the primary water source was a slough, and rap ... | 1996 | 8603906 |
| lack of evidence for rotavirus by polymerase chain reaction/enzyme immunoassay of hepatobiliary samples from children with biliary atresia. | the purpose of this study was to analyze hepatobiliary samples of patients with biliary atresia for rotavirus groups. a, b, and c, because group a rotavirus had been used to produce an animal model of the disease and group c rotavirus had been found in hepatobiliary samples from one group of patients. biliary remnants and liver tissue from 10 biliary atresia and 14 control patients with other liver diseases were examined for rotavirus groups a, b, and c using nonisotopic, reverse transcriptase p ... | 1997 | 9029644 |
| rapid vertical agarose: silver stain detection of rotavirus. | human rotaviruses (hrv) are the most important etiologic agents of acquired diarrhea in infants and young children worldwide. therefore, the early diagnosis is essential for effective patient management and infection control. we have developed a rapid, simple technique for the diagnosis of rotavirus based on the sensitive detection of rotavirus double-stranded rna genome segments separated in vertical agarose gels and developed by silver staining (age-ss). this method also has the ability to det ... | 1997 | 9095532 |
| isolation of serotype g8, p6[1] bovine rotavirus from adult cattle with diarrhea. | two electrophoretically identical strains of group a rotavirus were isolated from diarrheic cows aged 3, 4, and 7 years on a dairy farm in japan. they had a rare serotype combination of g8 and p6[1] and were shown by rna-rna hybridization to be most closely related to bovine strain ncdv-lincoln (g6p6[1]). | 1997 | 9114422 |
| seroepidemiology of human group c rotavirus in the uk. | the gene coding for the major inner capsid protein vp6 of human group c rotavirus was cloned into baculovirus using the pbluebac2 vector and expressed in insect cells. when cultured in high five cells, vp6 was expressed at a high level and exported to the cell culture medium. purified vp6 was used to immunise rabbits. hyperimmune rabbit serum, which reacted with native human group c rotavirus in infected cells, was used to develop and optimise an eia for the detection of antibodies to group c ro ... | 1997 | 9131463 |
| prevalence and characteristics of severe rotavirus infections in nicaraguan children. | we analyzed the prevalence of rotavirus in 296 children age between 3 and 36 months who were hospitalized in 1994 with severe gastro-enteritis at two health centres for diarrhoea treatment in león, nicaragua. enteric viruses were detected in 96 (32.4%) of the children and rotaviruses were the most common pathogens detected in 84 (28%). the majority of rotavirus infections occurred in children less than 1 year old and all strains isolated belonged to subgroup ii and had 'long' rna patterns. molec ... | 1997 | 9176574 |
| identification of a new genogroup of aquareovirus by rna-rna hybridization. | the relative mobilities of the 11 dsrna genomic segments of 22 aquareovirus isolates from fish and shellfish obtained from different geographical areas of the world were compared by page. using reciprocal rna-rna dot blot hybridization, a new sixth genetic group of aquareovirus (genogroup f) was identified. genogroup a was represented by eight and genogroup b by 12 isolates. the remaining two isolates represented the new sixth genogroup (genogroup f). the genetic relationship of these aquareovir ... | 1997 | 9191934 |
| characterization of a porcine enterocyte receptor for group a rotavirus. | we have identified, purified to apparent homogeneity and chemically characterized a biologically-relevant porcine enterocyte receptor for group a porcine rotavirus. ceramide glycanase digestion followed by acid hydrolysis and monosaccharide compositional analyses indicated the receptor is a family of two gm, gangliosides, one containing n-glycolyl-neuraminic acid and the other n-acetylneuraminic acid. both gangliosides displayed dose-dependent inhibition of rotavirus binding to, and infectivity ... | 1997 | 9192005 |
| isolation and characterization of cytopathic strains of rotavirus from hares (lepus europaeus). | ten cytopathic rotavirus were recovered from stools of leverets affected by an enteric syndrome. the ten isolates, examined by means of elisa and sds-pa-ge, were identified as group a rotaviruses. | 1997 | 9208423 |
| protective immunity induced by rotavirus dna vaccines. | it is estimated that group a rotavirus diarrhea causes as many as one million deaths per year in children worldwide, and effective vaccines will be essential for their control. plasmid dna vaccines encoding murine rotaviral proteins vp4, vp6, or vp7 were tested in adult balb/c mice for their ability to induce immune responses and provide protection against rotavirus challenge. the vaccines were administered by inoculation into cells of the epidermis with an accell gene gun. (auragen, inc., middl ... | 1997 | 9234543 |
| new aspects in a murine model for extrahepatic biliary atresia. | the cause of extrahepatic biliary atresia (ehba) remains unknown, and even an animal model is still lacking. observations in a murine infectious model (newborn balb/c mice infected with rhesus rotavirus group a [rrv]) reported extrahepatic biliary obstruction similar to findings in children who have ehba. in the present study, this animal experiment was repeated, and the clinical and histomorphologic changes were observed over 3 weeks. eighty-nine newborn mice were infected with rrv, and 67% sho ... | 1997 | 9269968 |
| identification of bovine rotaviruses in venezuela: antigenic and molecular characterization of a bovine rotavirus strain. | two serotypes of bovine group a rotaviruses were demonstrated by enzyme-linked immunoassay (elisa) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) in 20 of 171 faecal samples collected from diarrhoeic calves in two dairy farms in venezuela. by serotyping elisa using g and p serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies, bovine rotaviruses (brv) circulating on one farm were identified as serotype g6, while brvs circulating on the other farm were identified as serotype g10. only one brv (033) could be suc ... | 1997 | 9272580 |
| isolation and identification of avian rotavirus from pheasant chicks with signs of clinical enteritis. | three rotaviruses were isolated from intestinal contents obtained from a flock of 6-8-day-old pheasant chicks showing diarrhoea and increased mortality. the isolates were characterized as avian group a rotavirus by immunoenzymatic technique (elisa) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). | 1997 | 9280387 |
| production of reassortant viruses containing human rotavirus vp4 and sa11 vp7 for measuring neutralizing antibody following natural infection. | the outer capsid proteins vp4 and vp7 of group a rotaviruses are both targets of neutralizing antibody produced following natural infection in humans. of interest is the relative importance and immunodominance of each protein in the generation of a protective immune response. in order to measure neutralizing antibody responses to vp4 and vp7 separately, reassortants bearing vp4 of each of the major human rotavirus p types with vp7 of sa11 origin were successfully produced by neutralizing monoclo ... | 1997 | 9302196 |
| rna profile and structural protein analysis of rotaviruses isolated from diarrhoeal calves in india. | two isolates of group a rotaviruses (cr129 and cr156) were isolated from faecal samples of diarrhoeal calves reared in two dairy farms at hisar (haryana, india) by using ma-104 cell lines. these isolates were compared with three standard reference bovine rotaviruses, uk, ncdv and b223, to reveal differences, if any, in their genome and protein migration profiles. the migration of rna segment 4 of cr129 was slower than that of ncdv, but faster than that of uk. segment 10 of cr156 moved faster tha ... | 1997 | 9308295 |
| serotyping of group a rotaviruses in egyptian neonates and infants less than 1 year old with acute diarrhea. | group a human rotavirus g serotypes were detected in stool specimens from neonates and infants with and without acute diarrhea in cairo by using monoclonal antibodies in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. serotypes g1 and g4 predominated in all age groups. mixed (g1 plus g4) and nontypeable specimens represented 16.1 and 38.7% of the total number serotyped, respectively. | 1997 | 9350778 |
| restriction endonucleases whose sites are predictable from the amino acid sequence offer an improved strategy for typing bovine rotaviruses. | variation in the third base of a codon hampers genotypic characterization, particularly of rna viruses. some restriction endonucleases, however, have a recognition site with a variable base at the third position and will always cleave when a certain amino acid pair occurs (such as glycine-proline for sau96i and glutamic or aspartic acid followed by serine usually for hinfi). we developed a restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) procedure based on these enzymes for p-typing bovine group ... | 1997 | 9375295 |
| comparison of enzyme immunoassay, pcr, and type-specific cdna probe techniques for identification of group a rotavirus gene 4 types (p types). | this study was designed to evaluate three techniques most commonly used to identify the vp4 (p) types of human group a fecal rotaviruses. the techniques included pcr with nested primers and hybridization with pcr-generated probes (to determine the p genotypes). the results obtained by these genetic techniques were evaluated against those obtained by an enzyme immunoassay (eia) incorporating neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (n-mabs) reacting with three major human p serotypes (serotypes p1a, p1 ... | 1997 | 9399502 |
| comparison of electron microscopy, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and latex agglutination for the detection of bovine rotavirus in faeces. | the performance characteristics of 2 enzyme immunoassays (elisas) and 4 latex agglutination assays (lxs) were evaluated for the detection of bovine rotavirus in faecal specimens of young calves with diarrhoea. a total of 26 specimens from calves less than 5 months of age were examined with different commercial assays and compared with electron microscopy (em) as the gold standard and with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) for the detection of atypical, non-group a rotaviruses. in the 2nd ... | 1997 | 9408894 |
| identification of a t-helper cell epitope on the rotavirus vp6 protein. | in this work, we have studied the t-helper (th)-cell response against rotavirus, in a mouse model. adult balb/c mice were inoculated parenterally with porcine rotavirus ym, and the th-cell response from spleen cells against the virus and two overlapping fragments of the major capsid protein vp6 (vp6(1-192) and vp6(171-397)) were evaluated in vitro. the th cells recognized the ym virus and the two protein fragments, suggesting that there are at least two th-cell epitopes on the vp6 molecule. to s ... | 1997 | 8985366 |
| prevalence of human group a rotavirus serotypes in pune, india (1990-1993). | a total of 205 specimens positive for rotaviruses obtained during 1990-93 surveillance studies of hospitalized patients with diarrhoea were tested by elisa for g serotypes. of these, 107 (52.19%) specimens could be serotyped. seventy four specimens were assigned to one of the g1-g4 serotypes. of the 74 specimens, 49 (66.2%) reacted with mab against g2. of 107 typeable specimens, 33 showed dual or multiple reactivity. eighteen specimens reacted with mab specific to g1 and g2 serotypes. five speci ... | 1997 | 9439097 |
| conserved structural features of nonstructural glycoprotein nsp4 between group a and group c rotaviruses. | the nonstructural glycoprotein nsp4 of group c human rotavirus strain ehime 9301 was determined to be 150 amino acids in length and 96% identical with the nsp4 of another group c human rotavirus strain bristol. both nsp4 sequences were virtually unrelated to group a rotavirus nsp4s. however, the structural features of group a and group c rotavirus nsp4s were similar with hydrophobic domains being in the amino terminus and a coiled coil domain after the membrane-spanning domain, although group c ... | 1997 | 9672644 |
| nigerian rotavirus serotype g8 could not be typed by pcr due to nucleotide mutation at the 3' end of the primer binding site. | a rotavirus strain hmg89 from nigeria with short electrophoretic pattern was typed g3 by pcr. a cdna clone from the pcr product which hybridised in northern blots to rna segment 9 of the homologous nigerian rotavirus strain hmg89 and laboratory reference strain 69m but not to other mammalian group a rotaviruses was sequenced. the vp7 gene 9 sequence is 1060 nucleotides long with two base deletions at positions 1034-1035. sequence analysis of the primer (aat8) used in the previous pcr serotyping ... | 1997 | 9672646 |
| [divergence of vp7 gene and vp4 gene variable regions of g1 rotaviruses isolated from different geographic locations around the world]. | group a rotaviruses are the most important etiologic agents of severe gastroenteritis in children, and as a result, the development of an effective vaccine against severe rotavirus diarrhea is a top public health priority. previous studies indicated that g1 rotavirus are much more common in most countries around the world and development of g1--specific vaccine may be important in protection against human illness. in this report, we analyzed the vp7 gene and vp4 gene variable regions of 36 g1 ro ... | 1997 | 15619892 |
| human group c rotaviruses identified in nigerian children. | a survey investigating the prevalence of rotavirus infection in infants and young children with acute diarrhoea was undertaken in jos state, nigeria during the first half of 1998. in total, 182 faecal specimens were collected from children aged between 1 and 60 months with acute infantile gastroenteritis. examination with a commercial elisa assay for the presence of group a rotavirus antigen revealed 16 specimens positive for this antigen. however, examination of the double stranded rna of the v ... | 1998 | 17581014 |
| rotavirus electropherotypes from the kuala lumpur hospital: a re-examination after an interval of seven years. | the objective of this study was to ascertain the extent changes have occurred in the epidemiology of human rotavirus electropherotypes from the same location 7 to 8 years after an earlier study. genomic rna profiles of rotaviruses from diarrhoeic children admitted to the kuala lumpur hospital from april to december 1996 were determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. a total of 179 group a rotaviruses were detected from 870 children: 175 with legible staining of all rn ... | 1998 | 10879260 |