Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| the natural compound homoharringtonine presents broad antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo. | to complement traditional antivirals, natural compounds that act via host targets and present high barriers to resistance are of increasing interest. in the work reported here, we detected that homoharringtonine (hht) presents effective antiviral activity. hht completely inhibited infections of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) at concentrations of 50, 100, and 500 nm in cell cultures, respectively. treatment with hht at d ... | 2018 | 30388805 |
| molecular epidemiology and characterization of porcine adenoviruses in pigs with diarrhea in thailand. | pigs have been assumed as a source of human viral infections. surveillance of viruses in animals is essential to evaluate the risk to human and animal health and to determine economic impact. a number of studies focused mainly on well- known enteritis viruses such as porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), and porcine group a rotavirus (prva), however, little data is available for porcine adenovirus (padv). in this study, the presence of padv was inves ... | 2019 | 30391718 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea virus s1 protein is the critical inducer of apoptosis. | porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) is an acute and highly contagious enteric disease caused by ped virus (pedv), characterized by vomitting, watery diarrhea and fatal dehydration with high mortality in sucking piglets of one week of age. although pedv induced cell apoptosis has been established in vitro and in vivo, the functional protein that contributes to this event remains unclear. | 2018 | 30404647 |
| deletion of both the tyrosine-based endocytosis signal and the endoplasmic reticulum retrieval signal in the cytoplasmic tail of spike protein attenuates porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in pigs. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes high mortality in neonatal piglets. the pedv spike (s) protein contains two intracellular sorting motifs, yxxφ (tyrosine-based motif yevf or yeaf) and kvhvq at the cytoplasmic tail, yet their functions have not been fully elucidated. some vero cell-adapted and/or attenuated pedv variants contain ablations in these two motifs. we hypothesized that these motifs contribute to viral pathogenicity. by transiently expressing pedv s proteins with mutations ... | 2019 | 30404797 |
| lack of ltβr increases susceptibility of ipec-j2 cells to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | the essential requirement of the lymphotoxin beta receptor (ltβr) in the development and maintenance of peripheral lymphoid organs is well recognized. evidence shows that ltβr is involved in various cellular processes; however, whether it plays a role in maintaining the cellular function of intestinal porcine enterocytes (ipec-j2), specifically during porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) infection, remains unknown. in this study, we generated ltβr null ipec-j2 cells using crispr/cas9 to examin ... | 2018 | 30469426 |
| gene variations in cis-acting elements between the taiwan and prototype strains of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus alter viral gene expression. | in 2013, the outbreak of porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) in taiwan caused serious economic losses. in this study, we examined whether the variations of the cis-acting elements between the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) taiwan (tw) strain and the prototype strain cv777 alter gene expression. for this aim, we analyzed the variations of the cis-acting elements in the 5' and 3' untranslated regions (utrs) between the pedv tw, cv777, and other reference strains. we also determined the previou ... | 2018 | 30501108 |
| porcine intestinal enteroids: a new model for studying enteric coronavirus porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection and the host innate response. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), a member of the group of alphacoronaviruses, is the pathogen of a highly contagious gastrointestinal swine disease. the elucidation of the events associated with the intestinal epithelial response to pedv infection has been limited by the absence of good in vitro porcine intestinal models that recapitulate the multicellular complexity of the gastrointestinal tract. here, we generated swine enteroids from the intestinal crypt stem cells of the duodenum, jej ... | 2019 | 30541861 |
| detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) igg and iga in muscle tissue exudate ("meat juice") specimens. | the diagnostic performance of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) igg and iga elisas was evaluated using paired serum and meat juice samples collected from pedv-negative (n = 50) and pedv-inoculated pigs (n = 87). serum samples were tested by pedv (igg, iga) elisas using a procedure performed routinely at the iowa state university-veterinary diagnostic laboratory (isu-vdl). serum samples were tested using pedv serum igg and iga elisa procedures as routinely performed at the iowa state univers ... | 2018 | 30574353 |
| limited shedding of an s-indel strain of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) in semen and questions regarding the infectivity of the detected virus. | pedv is mainly transmitted by the oro-fecal route although pedv shedding in semen has already been shown for an s-non-indel pedv strain infection. the aim of this study was to determine if pedv can be shed in semen from spf (specific pathogens free) boars infected by a french s-indel pedv strain (pedv/fr/001/2014) and in case of positive semen to determine the infectivity of that semen. both infected boars had diarrhea after inoculation and shed virus in feces. pedv genome was also detected by r ... | 2019 | 30593368 |
| the enhanced replication of an s-intact pedv during coinfection with an s1 ntd-del pedv in piglets. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) variants having a large deletion in the n-terminal domain of the s1 subunit of spike (s) protein were designated as s1 ntd-del pedvs. they replicate well in experimentally infected pigs. however, on farms they often co-infect pigs with the pedv containing an intact s protein (s-intact pedv). we aimed to characterize viral replication and pathogenesis in neonatal gnotobiotic pigs infected simultaneously with the two types of pedv using two recombinant pedvs: ... | 2019 | 30593369 |
| effect of route of inoculation on innate and adaptive immune responses to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection in suckling pigs. | the effects of route of administration on systemic and gut mucosal immune responses induced by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) infection in suckling pigs were investigated. twenty-four conventional 5-day-old suckling piglets were randomly divided into four groups and were inoculated orally, intranasally (i.n.), intramuscularly (i.m.) with pedv or dmem (mock). pigs were monitored daily for clinical signs and fecal viral load. blood samples were collected at 7, 14, 21 days post infection (d ... | 2019 | 30593385 |
| network analyses using case-control data to describe and characterize the initial 2014 incursion of porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) in canadian swine herds. | the overall objective of this study was to describe the contact structure and animal movement patterns of porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) case herds and matched control herds during the initial incursion of pedv in canada, and to evaluate possible mechanisms of spread during this period. possible mechanisms of spread included transmission through a common-source, herd-to-herd transmission, and transmission due to low biosecurity. three hypotheses were evaluated by assessing: 1) whether feed supp ... | 2019 | 30621895 |
| pathogenicity and immunogenicity of attenuated porcine epidemic diarrhea virus pc22a strain in conventional weaned pigs. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes diarrhea in all ages of pigs with 50-100% mortality rates in neonatal piglets. in the united states, inactivated and subunit pedv vaccines for pregnant sows are available, but fail to induce sufficient protection in neonatal piglets farrowed from pedv naïve sows. a safe and efficacious live attenuated vaccine that can prime mucosal immune responses is urgently needed. in this study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of two attenuated pedv vaccine ... | 2019 | 30634958 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of griffithsin against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | griffithsin is a lectin with potent antiviral activity against enveloped viruses. the objective of this study was to assess griffithsin's inhibitory effect on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv). the results showed that griffithsin reduced pedv infection of vero cells by approximately 82.8%. moreover, using time-of-addition assays and rt-qpcr, we found that delayed addition of griffithsin had a weaker inhibitory effect on pedv than earlier treatment. the mechanism of griffithsin's action agai ... | 2019 | 30637608 |
| evaluation on the efficacy and immunogenicity of recombinant dna plasmids expressing s gene from porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and vp7 gene from porcine rotavirus. | porcine rotavirus (porv) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) usually co-infect pigs in modern large-scale piggery, which both can cause severe diarrhea in newborn piglets and lead to significant economic losses to the pig industry. the vp7 protein is the main coat protein of porv, and the s protein is the main structural protein of pedv, which are capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies in vivo. in this study, a dna vaccine ppi-2.egfp.vp7.s co-expressing vp7 protein of porv and s prot ... | 2019 | 30637649 |
| lactobacillus acidophilus s-layer protein-mediated inhibition of pedv-induced apoptosis of vero cells. | to gain insight into the mechanism of lactobacillus acidophilus (l. acidophilus) s-layer protein antiviral activity, we examined how s-layer protein impacts porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) infection and pedv-induced apoptosis of vero cells. pretreatment (exclusion assay), coincubation (competition assay), and post-treatment (displacement assay) of pedv-infected vero cells with the s-layer protein was examined. interestingly, significant inhibition of pedv by s-layer protein was only obser ... | 2019 | 30642593 |
| single chain fragment variable (scfv) antibodies targeting the spike protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus provide protection against viral infection in piglets. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a highly contagious coronavirus that causes severe diarrhea and death in neonatal piglets. passive immunization with neutralizing antibodies against pedv is an effective prevention measure. in this study, single chain fragment variable (scfv) antibodies against pedv were screened from the porcine scfv phage display library. after four rounds of biopanning, scfvs that showed higher affinity to the pedv antigen were selected for further study. the scfv gen ... | 2019 | 30646521 |
| two critical n-terminal epitopes of the nucleocapsid protein contribute to the cross-reactivity between porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | both porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv) and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), which cause high mortality in piglets and produce similar clinical symptoms and histopathological morphology, belong to the genus alphacoronavirus. serological diagnosis plays an important role in distinguishing pathogen species. together with the spike (s) protein, the nucleocapsid (n) protein is one of the immunodominant regions among coronaviruses. in this study, two-way antigenic cross-reacti ... | 2019 | 30652967 |
| emerging and re-emerging coronaviruses in pigs. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), and swine acute diarrhea syndrome-coronavirus (sads-cov) are emerging/reemerging coronaviruses (covs). they cause acute gastroenteritis in neonatal piglets. sequence analyses suggest that pedv and sads-cov may have originated from bat covs and pdcov from a sparrow cov, reaffirming the interspecies transmission of covs. the clinical signs and pathogenesis of the three viruses are similar. necrosis of infected intestinal epi ... | 2019 | 30654269 |
| a new immunochromatographic assay for on-site detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus based on monoclonal antibodies prepared by using cell surface fluorescence immunosorbent assay. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a highly effective pathogen that can cause death of new-born piglet, resulting in big economical loss in pig farming industry. for rapid detection of pedv, a new immunochromatographic assay (ica) based on monoclonal antibodies (mabs) was developed in this study. | 2019 | 30658643 |
| no evidence of pedv infection in french artificial insemination centers in 2015. | pigs infected by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) are affected by severe diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration. the severity of clinical signs depends on the virus strain. two genetically different pedv strains are known to infect pigs, the pedv s-indel strains which circulate on all continents and the highly virulent pedv s-non-indel strains found in asia and in america. we have previously demonstrated the presence of pedv rna in semen from boars experimentally infected with an s-non-indel p ... | 2019 | 30675372 |
| genetic evolution analysis and pathogenicity assessment of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains circulating in part of china during 2011-2017. | in recent years, the outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) caused by the highly virulent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) variants occurred frequently in china, resulting in severe economic impacts to the pork industry. in this study, we selected and analyzed the genetic evolution of 15 pedv representative strains that were identified in fecal samples of diarrheic piglets in 10 provinces and cities during 2011-2017. the phylogenetic analysis indicated that all the 15 pedv isolates c ... | 2019 | 30677534 |
| identifying outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus through animal movements and spatial neighborhoods. | the spread of pathogens in swine populations is in part determined by movements of animals between farms. however, understanding additional characteristics that predict disease outbreaks and uncovering landscape factors related to between-farm spread are crucial steps toward risk mitigation. this study integrates animal movements with environmental risk factors to identify the occurrence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) outbreaks. using weekly farm-level incidence data from 332 sow farm ... | 2019 | 30679594 |
| epidemiology of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus among chinese pig populations: a meta-analysis. | porcine epidemic diarrhea results from infection with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv). it is an acute and highly contagious enteric disease in swine characterized by watery diarrhea and vomiting. here, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to assess the prevalence of pedv infection in pig populations from mainland china. | 2019 | 30682525 |
| development and application of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using recombinant s1 for serological testing of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes severe infectious diseases in all ages of swine and leads to serious economic losses. serologic tests are widely accepted and used to detect anti-pedv antibodies that could indicate pedv infection or vaccination. in this study, pedv recombinant s1 protein (rs1) was expressed with the bac-to-bac system and purified by nickel-affinity chromatography. an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on rs1 (rs1-elisa) was then developed and optimized ... | 2019 | 30707600 |
| real-time analysis of quantum dot labeled single porcine epidemic diarrhea virus moving along the microtubules using single particle tracking. | in order to study the infection mechanism of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), which causes porcine epidemic diarrhea, a highly contagious enteric disease, we combined quantum dot labeled method, which could hold intact infectivity of the labeled viruses to the largest extent, with the single particle tracking technique to dynamically and globally visualize the transport behaviors of pedvs in live vero cells. our results were the first time to uncover the dynamic characteristics of pedvs m ... | 2019 | 30718724 |
| molecular characteristics of a novel recombinant of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) is a contagious viral disease in pigs, caused by the coronavirus porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv). pedv infection results in significant mortality in piglets in unvaccinated herds. like many others rna viruses, pedv has high evolutionary rate and is prone to genetic mutations. in this study, we analyzed the complete genome sequence of the recently sequenced isolate pedv/belgorod/dom/2008. a recombination event in s gene of pedv/belgorod/dom/2008 was detected ... | 2019 | 30725181 |
| coronavirus endoribonuclease activity in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus suppresses type i and type iii interferon responses. | identifying viral antagonists of innate immunity and determining if they contribute to pathogenesis are critical for developing effective strategies to control emerging viruses. previously, we reported that an endoribonuclease (endou) encoded by murine coronavirus plays a pivotal role in evasion of host innate immune defenses in macrophages. here, we asked if the endou activity of porcine epidemic diarrhea coronavirus (pedv), which causes acute diarrhea in swine, plays a role in antagonizing the ... | 2019 | 30728254 |
| quantitative proteomics reveals changes in vero cells in response to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) have caused significant lethality rates in neonatal piglets, which pose a serious threat to the swine industry worldwide. available commercial vaccines fail to protect against the emergence of high virulence of pedv variants. therefore, the endemic state of the pedv infection in suckling piglets highlights the urgent need for uncovering the molecular determinants of the disease pathogenesis. in this study, stable isotope labeling by amino acids ... | 2019 | 30730140 |
| development of a sybr green i-based duplex real-time fluorescence quantitative pcr assay for the simultaneous detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and porcine circovirus 3. | the development of a rapid, specific, and sensitive sybr green i-based duplex real-time quantitative pcr assay is described for the simultaneous detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and porcine circovirus type 3 (pcv3). the assay specifically detected pedv and pcv3, with no fluorescence detected for other non-targeted pig pathogens. the assay showed a good linear relationship, and the limits of detection for this assay were 34.6 copies/μl and 61.2 copies/μl for pedv and pcv3, resp ... | 2019 | 30735700 |
| forecasting herd-level porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) frequency trends in ontario (canada). | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) emerged in north america in 2013. the first case of pedv in canada was identified on an ontario farm in january 2014. surveillance was instrumental in identifying the initial case and in minimizing the spread of the virus to other farms. with recent advances in predictive analytics showing promise for health and disease forecasting, the primary objective of this study was to apply machine learning predictive methods (random forest, artificial neural network ... | 2019 | 30771890 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in asia: an alarming threat to the global pig industry. | 2019 | 30779958 | |
| tumor suppressor p53 inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection via interferon-mediated antiviral immunity. | p53 is a tumor suppressor gene that can be activated in many contexts, such as dna damage or stressful conditions. p53 has also been shown to be important for responses to certain viral infections. porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a major enteric pathogen of the coronavirus family that causes extensive mortality among piglets. the involvement of p53 during pedv infection has not previously been investigated. in this study, we detected p53 upregulation in response to pedv infection. trea ... | 2019 | 30784764 |
| evaluation of the effectiveness of the surepure turbulator ultraviolet-c irradiation equipment on inactivation of different enveloped and non-enveloped viruses inoculated in commercially collected liquid animal plasma. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the surepure turbulator ultraviolet-c (uv-c, 254 nm wavelength) irradiation equipment on inactivation of different enveloped and non-enveloped viruses in commercially collected liquid animal plasma. specifically, pseudorabies virus (prv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), classical swine fever virus (csfv), swine influenza virus ( ... | 2019 | 30789926 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea virus nsp4 induces pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression inhibiting viral replication in vitro. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes severe economic loss in the pig industry each year. to better understand the relationship between cytokines and pedv replication, in this study, pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression profiles in vero cells infected with pedv were analyzed. real-time quantitative pcr assay indicated that il-1α, il-1β, tnf-α, ccl2, ccl5 and cxcl8 expression levels were significantly upregulated. moreover, overexpression and sirna silencing assays showed th ... | 2019 | 30799511 |
| mucosal immune responses induced by oral administration recombinant bacillus subtilis expressing the coe antigen of pedv in newborn piglets. | porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) is a highly contagious disease in newborn piglets and causes substantial economic losses in the world. ped virus (pedv) spreads by fecal-oral contact and can be prevented by oral immunization. therefore, it is necessary to develop an effective oral vaccine against pedv infection. currently, bacillus subtilis as recombinant vaccine carrier has been used for antigen delivery and proved well in immune effect and safety. the present study evaluated the immunogenicity ... | 2019 | 30808716 |
| evaluation and comparison of immunogenicity and cross-protective efficacy of two inactivated cell culture-derived giia- and giib-genotype porcine epidemic diarrhea virus vaccines in suckling piglets. | although highly virulent gii-genotype pedv strains have become pandemic in the swine population worldwide, little is known about the differences in immunogenicity and cross-protective efficacy between the giia and giib subgenotypes. hence, in the present study, we vaccinated suckling piglets with giia (ch/hbxt/2018) and giib (ch/hnpj/2017) pedv strain-based inactivated vaccine candidates and compared their immunogenicity and cross-protective efficacy. the results showed that both vaccine candida ... | 2019 | 30827401 |
| dereplication by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (qtof-ms) and antiviral activities of phlorotannins from ecklonia cava. | ecklonia cava is edible seaweed that is found in asian countries, such as japan and korea; and, its major components include fucoidan and phlorotannins. phlorotannins that are isolated from e. cava are well-known to have an antioxidant effect and strong antiviral activity against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), which has a high mortality rate in piglets. in this study, the bioactive components were determined based on two different approaches: (i) bio-guided isolation using the antiviral ... | 2019 | 30836593 |
| phylogeographic investigation of 2014 porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) transmission in taiwan. | the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) that emerged and spread throughout taiwan in 2014 triggered significant concern in the country's swine industry. acknowledging the absence of a thorough investigation at the geographic level, we used 2014 outbreak sequence information from the taiwan government's open access databases plus genbank records to analyze pedv dissemination among taiwanese pig farms. genetic sequences, locations, and dates of identified pedv-positive cases were used to assess ... | 2019 | 30840679 |
| growth enhancement of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) in vero e6 cells expressing pedv nucleocapsid protein. | more recently emerging strains of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) cause severe diarrhea and especially high mortality rates in infected piglets, leading to substantial economic loss to worldwide swine industry. these outbreaks urgently call for updated and effective pedv vaccines. better understanding in pedv biology and improvement in technological platforms for virus production can immensely assist and accelerate pedv vaccine development. in this study, we explored the ability of pedv n ... | 2019 | 30840701 |
| simultaneous detection of five pig viruses associated with enteric disease in pigs using evagreen real-time pcr combined with melting curve analysis. | in recent years, a series of porcine diarrhea viruses such as porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), rotaviruses of group a (rva), rotaviruses of group c (rvc), and porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) caused enormous economic losses all over the world. while any of these viruses is capable to cause disease alone, there is often concurrent infection with more than one virus on pig farms. in this study, a multiplex real-time pcr method based on evagreen fluores ... | 2019 | 30844408 |
| pedv nsp16 negatively regulates innate immunity to promote viral proliferation. | type-i ifns (ifn-i) provide a key mediator of innate antiviral response during virus proliferation. porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), which causes diarrhea in swine of all ages, is a worldwide-distributed alphacoronavirus with economic importance. here, we screened pedv rna modification enzymes involved in regulating antiviral response. whereas the pedv nsp13 barely regulates type i ifn, inflammatory cytokines (il-6, tnf-a) and mhcii, nsp16 and nsp14 (to a lesser extent) down-regulate thes ... | 2019 | 30849413 |
| pedv and pdcov pathogenesis: the interplay between host innate immune responses and porcine enteric coronaviruses. | enteropathogenic porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), members of the coronavirus family, account for the majority of lethal watery diarrhea in neonatal pigs in the past decade. these two viruses pose significant economic and public health burdens, even as both continue to emerge and reemerge worldwide. the ability to evade, circumvent or subvert the host's first line of defense, namely the innate immune system, is the key determinant for pathogen virulence ... | 2019 | 30854373 |
| construction of a recombinant lactococcus lactis strain expressing a variant porcine epidemic diarrhea virus s1 gene and its immunogenicity analysis in mice. | porcine epidemic diarrhea caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a highly contagious disease in newborn piglets. the spike (s) protein is the surface glycoprotein of pedv, which can induce specific neutralization antibodies and is a candidate antigen for vaccination attempts. in our study, the s1 region of pedv strain ch/jldh/2016 spike gene was inserted into the lactococcus lactis expression vector, pnz8149, resulting in recombinant plasmid pnz8149-s1, and the immunogenicity of rec ... | 2019 | 30855219 |
| dynamic change of gut microbiota during porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection in suckling piglets. | porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) is a disease that has a devastating effect on livestock. currently, most studies are focused on comparing gut microbiota of healthy piglets and piglets with ped, resulting in gut microbial populations related to dynamic change in diarrheal piglets being poorly understood. the current study analyzed the characteristics of gut microbiota in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv)-infected piglets during the suckling transition stage. fresh fecal samples were collecte ... | 2019 | 30858839 |
| biological characterization and pathogenicity of a newly isolated chinese highly virulent genotype giia porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain. | since 2010, continual outbreaks of highly virulent variants of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) belonging to genotype gii have led to serious economic losses for the chinese swine industry. to better understand the biological characteristics and pathogenicity of the current prevalent chinese pedv field strains, in this study, a highly virulent chinese genotype giia pedv strain, ch/hbxt/2018, was isolated and serially propagated using vero cells. sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed ... | 2019 | 30859476 |
| generation, identification, and functional analysis of monoclonal antibodies against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus nucleocapsid. | the variant strains of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) severely threaten the pig industry worldwide and cause up to 100% mortality in suckling piglets. it is critically important and urgent to develop tools for detection of pedv infection. in this study, we developed six monoclonal antibodies (mabs) targeting n protein of pedv and analyzed their applications on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa), western blot assay, and flow cytometry assay. ... | 2019 | 30877355 |
| identification and characterization of a novel linear epitope in the spike protein of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | the main immunogenic protein of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is the spike protein (s protein), which plays an important role in receptor binding, membrane fusion, and viral invasion of the host. in this paper, the linear epitope of the 3f10 non-neutralizing monoclonal antibody that was previously prepared in our laboratory was identified. the expression of truncated forms of the s protein for 3f10 reaction studies proved that the epitope was located between amino acids (aa) 674 and ... | 2019 | 30879317 |
| prenylated phenolic compounds from the leaves of sabia limoniacea and their antiviral activities against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), a serious swine epidemic, has been rampant in asia since the 1990s. despite the widespread use of pedv vaccines, the occurrence of pedv variants requires the discovery of new substances that inhibit these viruses. during a search for pedv inhibitory materials from natural sources, seven new sabphenosides (1-7) and a new flavonoid (8), as well as eight known phenolic compounds (9-16), were obtained from the leaves of sabia limoniacea. the structural determi ... | 2019 | 30888811 |
| a single v672f substitution in the spike protein of field-isolated pedv promotes cell⁻cell fusion and replication in veroe6 cells. | while porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) infects and replicates in enterocytes lining villi of neonatal piglets with high efficiency, naturally isolated variants typically grow poorly in established cell lines, unless adapted by multiple passages. cells infected with most cell-adapted pedvs usually displayed large syncytia, a process triggered by the spike protein (s). to identify amino acids responsible for s-mediated syncytium formation, we constructed and characterized chimeric s proteins ... | 2019 | 30897856 |
| isolation and identification of a variant subtype g 2b porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and s gene sequence characteristic. | porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) which is caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), is an intestinal communicable disease. in recent years, though pigs have been immunized with the vaccines in pig farms, ped still broke out and caused severe economic losses to the swine industry in the northeast china. in this study, the sample was positive for pedv variant strains via the nano-nest pcr. the strain was successfully isolated from positive samples and was serially passaged in vero-e6 cells. ... | 2019 | 30905773 |
| significant inhibition of re-emerged and emerging swine enteric coronavirus in vitro using the multiple shrna expression vector. | swine enteric coronaviruses (secovs), including porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (sads-cov), and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) have emerged and been prevalent in pig populations in china for the last several years. however, current traditional inactivated and attenuated pedv vaccines are of limited efficacy against circulating pedv variants, and there are no commercial vaccines for prevention of pdcov and sads-cov. rna interference (rnai) is a ... | 2019 | 30905822 |
| complete genome sequence of variant porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain zj/zx2018-c10, isolated in zhejiang, china, in 2018. | we report here the complete genome sequence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) strain zj/zx2018-c10, isolated from infected piglets in zhejiang province, china. the genome sequence was highly similar to ah2012, a highly virulent chinese pedv strain. it will help in understanding the molecular and evolutionary characteristics of pedv in china. | 2019 | 30938695 |
| multiplex detection of six swine viruses on an integrated centrifugal disk using loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | advances in molecular testing and microfluidic technologies have opened new avenues for rapid detection of animal viruses. we used a centrifugal microfluidic disk (cmfd) to detect 6 important swine viruses, including foot-and-mouth disease virus, classical swine fever virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory swine virus-north american genotype, porcine circovirus 2, pseudorabies virus, and porcine parvovirus. through integrating the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method and mic ... | 2019 | 30947641 |
| a multiplex rt-pcr assay for rapid and simultaneous detection of four rna viruses in swine. | a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain rection (mrt-pcr) was developed for simultaneous detection of four rna viruses in swine. the conserved target sequences directed to classical swine fever virus (csfv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (tgev) were selected based on alignments of genomic sequences and then specific primers were designed. the mrt-pcr assay was developed ... | 2019 | 30951787 |
| assessment of the safety and efficacy of an attenuated live vaccine based on highly virulent genotype 2b porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in nursing piglets. | we have previously reported the generation of the attenuated knu-141112-s del5/orf3 virus by continuous propagation of highly virulent g2b porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) in vero cells. the present study aimed to assess the safety of s del5/orf3 and to evaluate its effectiveness as a live vaccine for prime-booster vaccinations. reversion to virulence experiments revealed that the s del5/orf3 strain retains its attenuated phenotype and genetic stability after five successive passages in su ... | 2019 | 30955799 |
| cholesterol 25-hydroxylase negatively regulates porcine intestinal coronavirus replication by the production of 25-hydroxycholesterol. | cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (ch25h) has been shown lately to be a host restriction factor that encodes an enzyme, which catalyzes the oxidized form of cholesterol to 25-hydroxycholesterol (25hc). a series of studies have shown that 25hc activity in hosts plays a vital role in inhibiting viral infection. in this study, we explored the antiviral effect of ch25h and 25hc on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), which causes high mortality rates in newborn piglets with severe diarrhea, and consider ... | 2019 | 30955800 |
| identification of a novel linear b-cell epitope within the collagenase equivalent domain of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus spike glycoprotein. | the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) collagenase equivalent domain (coe, residues 499-638), a crucial antigenic region within the viral spike (s) glycoprotein, has been widely utilized for the development of subunit vaccines to prevent viral infection. in the current study, we immunized balb/c mice with recombinant truncated pedv coe protein and obtained 14 coe-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs). based on the reactivity analysis of the mabs with two prevalent pedv strains in g2 type and ... | 2019 | 30965063 |
| serum exosomes from newborn piglets restrict porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection. | exosomes are vehicles in the body fluid that participate in many biological processes, especially immune responses. in this study, we employed comparative proteome analysis to investigate the roles of serum exosomes during viral infection in neonates using porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), a devastating enteric virus in newborn piglets, as a model virus. serum exosomes were first isolated from newborn piglets infected with pedv or mock-infected newborn piglets, followed by label-free lc-ms ... | 2019 | 30983354 |
| visual detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus using a novel reverse transcription polymerase spiral reaction method. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a major etiological agent of porcine epidemic diarrhea around the world. point-of-care testing in the field is lacking owing to the requirement for a simple, robust field applicable test that does not require professional laboratory equipment. the aim of this study was to establish a novel reverse transcription polymerase spiral reaction (rt-psr) assay for the rapid detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv). for the assay, a specific rt-psr pri ... | 2019 | 30987635 |
| development of a model of porcine epidemic diarrhea in microminipigs. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) induces an often fatal gastrointestinal disease in piglets. in this study, we performed a pedv infection experiment with the microminipig, the smallest of experimental minipigs, as a novel small animal model. we orally inoculated a neonatal microminipig with an intestinal homogenate of a pedv-infected pig and housed it in a small cage originally designed for rats in an animal biosafety level 2 facility. the infected microminipig showed the typical signs of ... | 2019 | 30991905 |
| a taqman probe-based real-time pcr to differentiate porcine epidemic diarrhea virus virulent strains from attenuated vaccine strains. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is an important pathogen causing severe watery diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, and death in sucking piglets. attenuated vaccines have been used widely in sows in order to protect piglets through passive lactogenic immunity. rapid and sensitive detection methods for differentiating attenuated vaccine strains from virulent ones are essential and practical in pedv prevention and control. based on the deletion mutation in orf3 gene sequence, a taqman probe-bas ... | 2019 | 31004698 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) orf3 interactome reveals inhibition of virus replication by cellular vps36 protein. | the accessory protein orf3 of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) has been proposed to play a key role in virus replication. however, our understanding of its function regarding virus and host interaction is still limited. in this study, we employed immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry to screen for cellular interacting partners of orf3. gene ontology analysis of the host interactome highlighted the involvement of orf3 in endosomal and immune signaling pathways. among the identified orf3 ... | 2019 | 31022991 |
| a taqman-probe-based multiplex real-time rt-qpcr for simultaneous detection of porcine enteric coronaviruses. | swine enteric coronaviruses are a group of most significant pathogens causing diarrhea in piglets with similar clinical symptoms and pathological changes. to develop a simple, rapid, accurate, and high-throughput detection method for diagnosis and differential diagnosis on swine enteric coronaviruses, specific primers and probes were designed based on the highly conserved regions of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) n, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) m, porcine deltacoronavirus ( ... | 2019 | 31025076 |
| transcriptomic analysis of small intestinal mucosa from porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infected piglets. | caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) is an acute infectious disease which causes damage to the intestine including intestinal villus atrophy and shedding, leading to serious economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. in order to obtain detailed information about the pathogenesis and host immune response in a pedv-infected host for first in vivo study we used high-throughput sequencing to analyze the gene expression differences of the small intesti ... | 2019 | 31026494 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infections induce apoptosis in vero cells via a reactive oxygen species (ros)/p53, but not p38 mapk and sapk/jnk signalling pathways. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a member of coronavirus, which causes severe watery diarrhea in piglets with high morbidity and mortality. ros and p53 play key roles in regulating many kinds of cell process during viral infection, however, the exact function in pedv-induced apoptosis remains unclear. in this study, the pro-apoptotic effect of pedv was examined in vero cells and we observed that pedv infection increased mdm2 and cbp, promoted p53 phosphorylation at serine 20 and, promot ... | 2019 | 31030832 |
| stage of gestation at porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection of pregnant swine impacts maternal immunity and lactogenic immune protection of neonatal suckling piglets. | during pregnancy, the maternal immune response changes dramatically over the course of gestation. this has implications for generation of lactogenic immunity and subsequent protection in suckling neonates against enteric viral infections. for example, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is an alphacoronavirus that causes acute diarrhea in neonatal piglets. due to the high virulence of pedv and the naïve, immature immune system of neonatal suckling piglets, passive lactogenic immunity to pedv ... | 2019 | 31068924 |
| molecular characterization of a korean porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain nb1. | in korea, for the past 30 years (1987-present), porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) has been established as an endemic situation in which multiple genogroups of classical g1 and g2b, and the recently introduced pandemic g2a, coexisted. because of the dynamic nature of the virus, continuous field monitoring for pedv strains is required. this study is the first to reveal prevalence of pedv in 9 sampling provinces, with an overall detection rate of 6.70%. porcine endemic diarrhea virus (pedv) was prese ... | 2019 | 31097871 |
| analysis of the spike, orf3, and nucleocapsid genes of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus circulating on thai swine farms, 2011-2016. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) outbreaks on pig farms have caused significant economic loss in the swine industry since it was first reported in thailand a decade ago. anecdotal evidence suggests that pedv is now endemic in this region, therefore genome information of circulating pedv is important for molecular surveillance and evaluation of potential benefits of field vaccination. here, we characterized pedv infection on commercial thai swine farms by screening 769 samples of feces and ... | 2019 | 31106060 |
| engineering a live attenuated porcine epidemic diarrhea virus vaccine candidate via inactivation of the viral 2'-o-methyltransferase and the endocytosis signal of the spike protein. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes high mortality in neonatal piglets; however, effective and safe vaccines are still not available. we hypothesized that inactivation of the 2'-o-methyltransferase (2'-o-mtase) activity of nsp16 and the endocytosis signal of the spike protein attenuates pedv yet retains its immunogenicity in pigs. we generated a recombinant pedv, kdke4a, with quadruple alanine substitutions in the catalytic tetrad of the 2'-o-mtase using a virulent infectious cdna clon ... | 2019 | 31118255 |
| recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing the spike protein of genotype 2b porcine epidemic diarrhea virus: a platform for vaccine development against emerging epidemic isolates. | emerging porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses (pedvs) have caused large economic losses since 2010, and g2b is the prevalent globally epidemic genotype. given the fastidious isolation of emerging pedv in cell culture and difficulties in retaining the isolate infectivity upon further in vitro passage, highly attenuated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rvsvmt) was used as a vector to express the pedv spike (s) protein, aiming to develop a subunit vaccine against g2b viruses. an s protein with ... | 2019 | 31128495 |
| aminopeptidase n knockout pigs are not resistant to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection. | 2019 | 31134585 | |
| factors associated with time to elimination of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in individual ontario swine herds based on surveillance data. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) emerged into canada in january of 2014. the virus was considered to be of high importance and the number of new cases were tracked using different mechanisms by stakeholders such as veterinary services from the provincial government and the swine industry. in addition to the initial date of infection, veterinary organizations in the swine industry maintained a disease control program (dcp) database that contained the date of declaration of freedom from pedv ... | 2019 | 31139635 |
| susceptibility of porcine ipi-2i intestinal epithelial cells to infection with swine enteric coronaviruses. | swine enteric coronavirus (cov) is an important group of pathogens causing diarrhea in piglets. at least four kinds of swine enteric covs have been identified, including transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), and the emerging hku2-like porcine enteric alphacoronavirus (peav). the small intestines, particularly the jejunum and ileum, are the most common targets of these four covs in vivo, and co-infections by these cov ... | 2019 | 31176408 |
| isolation and recombinant analysis of variants of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains from beijing, china. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a highly infectious virus infecting pigs with high morbidity, especially for newborn piglets. several pedv strains were isolated from the intestinal tracts of diarrheic piglets from the beijing area, china. sequencing of the whole-genome of the pedv isolates (genbank numbers mg546687-mg546690) yielded sequences of 28033-28038 nt. the phylogenetic tree revealed that these strains from the beijing area belonged to group ii, while the vaccine strain, cv777, ... | 2019 | 31179369 |
| characterization of porcine tripartite motif genes as host restriction factors against prrsv and pedv infection. | members of the tripartite motif (trim) family are the important effectors of the innate immune response against viral infections. however, it is still unknown whether porcine trim (ptrim) genes may restrict the infection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv). in this study, we firstly defined the entire ptrim family. fifty-seven ptrims were classified into 12 sub-families (c-i to c-xii) based on variable c-terminus, and 17 out o ... | 2019 | 31260706 |
| effects of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection on tight junction protein gene expression and morphology of the intestinal mucosa in pigs. | tight junction proteins are important for the maintenance and repair of the intestinal mucosal barrier. the present study investigated relationships among tight junction protein gene expression, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) infection, and intestinal mucosal morphology in piglets. we compared the expression of six tight junction proteins (zo-1, zo-2, occludin, claudin-1, claudin-4, and claudin-5) between seven-day-old piglets infected with pedv and normal piglets, as well as in pedv-inf ... | 2019 | 31269354 |
| upregulation of cd4+cd8+ memory cells in the piglet intestine following oral administration of bacillus subtilis spores combined with pedv whole inactivated virus. | oral immunization is a commonly employed route for inducing local immunity. however, the application of oral immunization is limited by the short-term persistence of immunity, particularly for inactivated viruses. the ultimate goal for mucosal vaccination is to stimulate protective immunological memory. in the intestine, long-term persistence of immunity is related to cd4+cd8+ memory t-cells. in this study, piglets were orally immunized with bacillus subtilis spores (b.s) plus whole inactivated ... | 2019 | 31282365 |
| establishment and application of a multiplex rt-pcr to differentiate wild-type and vaccine strains of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | due to outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) and the wide use of attenuated live vaccine, both wild-type and vaccine strains (cv777) are believed to circulate in chinese pig farms. thus, identification of different pedv strains is of epidemiological importance. in this study, a multiplex rt-pcr method was established based on the sequence features of spike (s) gene and orf3 gene of pedvs. the method could identify pedv variant strains, classical wild-type strains and classical vaccine str ... | 2019 | 31288038 |
| risk attitudes affect livestock biosecurity decisions with ramifications for disease control in a simulated production system. | hog producers' operational decisions can be informed by an awareness of risks associated with emergent and endemic diseases. outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) have been re-occurring every year since the first onset in 2013 with substantial losses across the hog production supply chain. interestingly, a decreasing trend in pedv incidence is visible. we assert that changes in human behaviors may underlie this trend. disease prevention using biosecurity practices is used to minimi ... | 2019 | 31294037 |
| preparation and characterization of a single-domain antibody specific for the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus spike protein. | porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) is a diarrheal disease of swine caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv). it is characterized by acute watery diarrhea, dehydration and vomiting in swine of all ages and is especially fatal for neonatal and postweaning piglets. the spike protein of pedv plays an important role in mediating virus attachment and fusion to target cells, and recent studies also reported that the neutralizing epitopes of the spike protein were mainly located in the s1 subunit, ... | 2019 | 31300902 |
| emergence of porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses with the novel s genes in tibetan pigs in the qinghai-tibetan plateau in china. | the purpose of present study was to investigate the prevalence and genetic variation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) in tibetan pigs on the qinghai-tibetan plateau in 2018. the pcr yielded a significantly high detection rate (38.34%, 95%ci=31.5-45.6%) for pedv from 193 fecal samples from tibetan pigs. the novel pedvs were discovered in tibetan pigs and seven complete s genes were obtained and analyzed. the unique multiple mutations were detected in s genes of pedv from tibetan pigs, on ... | 2019 | 31301333 |
| changes in cecal microbiota community of suckling piglets infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | diarrhea, caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), is a catastrophic gastrointestinal disease among suckling piglets, with high infectivity, morbidity, and mortality, causing huge economic losses to the pig industry. in the present study, we investigated the different microbiota from the cecal mucosa and cecal contents between healthy and pedv-infected piglets. high-throughput 16s rrna gene sequencing was performed to explore differences. the results revealed that microbial dysbiosis by ... | 2019 | 31310635 |
| next-generation sequencing and single-cell rt-pcr reveal a distinct variable gene usage of porcine antibody repertoire following pedv vaccination. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is the most common diarrhea-causing pathogen in newborn piglets. the clarifications of the overall antibody repertoire and antigen-specific antibody repertoire are essential to provide important insights into the b-cell response and reshape new vaccines. here, we applied next-generation sequencing (ngs) technology to investigate immunoglobulin (ig) variable (v) gene segment usage of swine b-cells from peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) and mesenteric lymph ... | 2020 | 31321668 |
| recombinant chimeric transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) - porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) virus provides protection against virulent pedv. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is an enteric coronavirus causing high morbidity and mortality in porcine herds worldwide. although both inactivated and live attenuated vaccines have been extensively used, the emergence of highly virulent strains and the recurrent outbreaks even in vaccinated farms highlight the need of effective vaccines. engineering of genetically defined live attenuated vaccines is a rational approach for novel vaccine development. in this line, we engineered an attenu ... | 2019 | 31349683 |
| a conserved region of nonstructural protein 1 from alphacoronaviruses inhibits host gene expression and is critical for viral virulence. | coronaviruses are enveloped, single-stranded rna viruses that are distributed worldwide. they include transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), and the human coronaviruses severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov) and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov), many of which seriously endanger human health and well-being. only alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses harbor nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1), which performs multip ... | 2019 | 31350335 |
| complete genome sequences of novel s-deletion variants of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus identified from a recurrent outbreak on jeju island, south korea. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is a deadly epizootic swine coronavirus that is of importance to the world pork industry. since the re-emergence of the virulent genotype 2b (g2b) in 2014, jeju island in south korea has faced periodic outbreaks, leading to the occurrence of endemics in provincial herds. in this study, we examined the complete genome sequences and molecular characteristics of novel g2b pedv variants with a two-amino-acid deletion in the neutralizing epitope of the spike (s) ... | 2019 | 31350613 |
| generation and protective efficacy of a cold-adapted attenuated genotype 2b porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | the recent emergence and re-emergence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) underscore the urgent need for the development of novel, safe, and effective vaccines against the prevailing strain. in this study, we generated a cold-adapted live attenuated vaccine candidate (aram-p29-ca) by short-term passage of a virulent pedv isolate at successively lower temperatures in vero cells. whole genome sequencing identified 12 amino acid changes in the cold-adapted strain with no insertions and deleti ... | 2019 | 31364317 |
| antiviral activity of piscidin 1 against pseudorabies virus both in vitro and in vivo. | swine-origin virus infection spreading widely could cause significant economic loss to porcine industry. novel antiviral agents need to be developed to control this situation. | 2019 | 31366370 |
| global mapping of h3k4 trimethylation (h3k4me3) and transcriptome analysis reveal genes involved in the response to epidemic diarrhea virus infections in pigs. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is currently detected as the main pathogen causing severe diarrhea in pig farms. the phenotypic alterations induced by pathogenic infections are usually tightly linked with marked changes in epigenetic modification and gene expression. we performed global mapping of h3k4 trimethylation (h3k4me3) and transcriptomic analyses in the jejunum of pedv-infected and healthy piglets using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and rna-seq techniques. a total of 18 ... | 2019 | 31382472 |
| porcine epidemic diarrhea virus orf3 protein causes endoplasmic reticulum stress to facilitate autophagy. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), the causative agent of ped, is an enveloped, positive-stranded rna virus in the genus alphacoronavirus, family coronaviridae, order nidovirales. pedv non-structural accessory protein orf3 is an ion channel related to viral infectivity and pathogenicity. our previous study showed that pedv orf3 has expression characteristic of aggregation in cytoplasm, but its biological function remains elusive. thus in this study, we initiated the construction of various ... | 2019 | 31383304 |
| application of rnascope technology to studying the infection dynamics of a chinese porcine epidemic diarrhea virus variant strain bj2011c in neonatal piglets. | the highly virulent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) variants cause the death of mainly neonatal piglets, but how the viruses spread within the gastro-intestinal tract in a temporal and spatial manner has remained poorly characterized but is critical to understand the viral pathogenesis. in this study, we used the chinese pedv epidemic strain bj2011c as a model organism and took advantage of the newly developed rnascope in situ hybridization technology to investigate the tempo-spatial infe ... | 2019 | 31383305 |
| restriction of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication by galectin-1. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) causes great economic losses to the swine industry globally; however, effective control measures for this virus are limited. here, we screened a porcine alveolar macrophage (pam) cdna library with a yeast two-hybrid system to reveal that galectin-1 (gal-1), an endogenous innate immune protein encoded by lgals1, interacts with nonstructural protein 11 (nsp11) of prrsv. western blotting and viral titer assays indicated that gal-1 overexpr ... | 2019 | 31383318 |
| serological screening for coronavirus infections in cats. | coronaviruses (covs) are widespread among mammals and birds and known for their potential for cross-species transmission. in cats, infections with feline coronaviruses (fcovs) are common. several non-feline coronaviruses have been reported to infect feline cells as well as cats after experimental infection, supported by their ability to engage the feline receptor ortholog for cell entry. however, whether cats might become naturally infected with covs of other species is unknown. we analyzed coro ... | 2019 | 31412572 |
| dual priming oligonucleotide (dpo)-based real-time rt-pcr assay for accurate differentiation of four major viruses causing porcine viral diarrhea. | currently in china, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine rotavirus (porv), and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) are the major causes of porcine viral diarrhea, and mixed infections in clinics are common, resulting in significant economic losses in pig industry. here, a dual priming oligonucleotide (dpo)-based multiplex real-time sybr green rt-pcr assay were developed for accurately differentiating pedv, tgev, porv, and pdcov in clinical spec ... | 2019 | 31415867 |
| proteases facilitate the endosomal escape of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus during entry into host cells. | exogenous and endogenous proteases play important roles in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) entry and replication. the roles of proteases in the viral endosomal escape and replication using trypsin (kd) or elastase (aa)-adapted us pedv strains were studied. while pedv kd and aa require different exogenous protease for efficient replication in cells, pedv kd was more dependent on the protease than pedv aa. there was no marked difference in viral trafficking between them during the entry eve ... | 2019 | 31445102 |
| dietary 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 supplementation alleviates porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection by improving intestinal structure and immune response in weaned pigs. | we conducted this experiment to determine if feeding 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 (25(oh)d3) to weaned pigs would alleviate porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) infection and immune response. forty-two weaned pigs were allotted to 1 of 6 dietary 25(oh)d3 treatments (5.5, 5.5, 43.0, 80.5, 118.0, 155.5 μg 25(oh)d3/kg diet) for 26 days. on day 22 of the trial, all the treatments were orally administrated with pedv except for one of the 5.5 μg 25(oh)d3/kg treatments, which was challenged with the same vol ... | 2019 | 31470619 |
| identification of diverse bat alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses in china provides new insights into the evolution and origin of coronavirus-related diseases. | outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) in 2002, middle east respiratory syndrome in 2012 and fatal swine acute diarrhea syndrome in 2017 caused serious infectious diseases in humans and in livestock, resulting in serious public health threats and huge economic losses. all such coronaviruses (covs) were confirmed to originate from bats. to continuously monitor the epidemic-related covs in bats, virome analysis was used to classify covs from 831 bats of 15 species in yunnan, guangxi ... | 2019 | 31474969 |
| specific recombinant proteins of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus are immunogenic, revealing their potential use as diagnostic markers. | given the highly contagious and acute nature of porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped), especially in piglets, there is an urgent need for the development of rapid and sensitive diagnostic assays. the diagnostic potentials of specific porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) accessory and nonstructural proteins, if any, have not yet been investigated. in order to determine and compare which of the viral proteins may be useful as diagnostic antigens, whole virus (wv) particles and a panel of structural an ... | 2019 | 31500721 |
| gtpase-activating protein-binding protein 1 (g3bp1) plays an antiviral role against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv) is a single-stranded, positive-sense rna virus that belongs to the coronaviridae. pedv causes severe diarrhoea and dehydration in nursing piglets, which leads to significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. stress granules (sgs) are sites of mrna storage that are formed under various stress conditions including viral infections. increasing evidence suggests that sgs function in antiviral innate immunity of host cells to limit virus replicat ... | 2019 | 31500725 |