Publications

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efficacy of sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid in sanitizing green coconuts.to evaluate the efficacy of sanitizing green coconuts (cocos nucifera l.) through the treatment applied by juice industries using sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid.200919627481
phylogenetic analysis of seven wrky genes across the palm subtribe attaleinae (arecaceae) [corrected] identifies syagrus as sister group of the coconut.the cocoseae is one of 13 tribes of arecaceae subfam. arecoideae, and contains a number of palms with significant economic importance, including the monotypic and pantropical cocos nucifera l., the coconut, the origins of which have been one of the "abominable mysteries" of palm systematics for decades. previous studies with predominantly plastid genes weakly supported american ancestry for the coconut but ambiguous sister relationships. in this paper, we use multiple single copy nuclear loci to ...200919806212
the chemical composition and biological properties of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water.coconut water (coconut liquid endosperm), with its many applications, is one of the world's most versatile natural product. this refreshing beverage is consumed worldwide as it is nutritious and beneficial for health. there is increasing scientific evidence that supports the role of coconut water in health and medicinal applications. coconut water is traditionally used as a growth supplement in plant tissue culture/micropropagation. the wide applications of coconut water can be justified by its ...200920032881
biochemical and immunological studies on eight pollen types from south assam, india.a total of 65 pollen types were identified from two years atmospheric pollen survey in the environmental conditions of south assam. out of them, eight pollen types viz., acacia auriculiformis, amaranthus spinosus, cassia alata, cleome gynandra, cocos nucifera, imperata cylindrica, ricinus communis and trewia nudiflora, were selected for biochemical studies on the basis of their dominance in the study sites. among the sample extract tested, ricinus communis was found to contain the highest amount ...200920404388
[development of mixed drink of coconut water, pineapple and acerola pulp].the purpose of the present work was to develop a blended beverage based on green coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water, pineapple (ananas comosus) and acerola (malpighia emarginata d. c.) pulps as a ready to drink product, combining the sensory acceptance, nutritional and functional compounds of these fruits. ten formulations of mixed beverages were evaluated with regard physicochemical determinations, functional compounds and sensorial attributes. since here was no significative change in the accep ...200920677460
distribution and ratios of 137cs and k in control and k-treated coconut trees at bikini island where nuclear test fallout occurred: effects and implications.coconut trees growing on atolls of the bikini islands are on the margin of k deficiency because the concentration of exchangeable k in coral soil is very low, ranging from only 20 to 80mgkg(-1). when provided with additional k, coconut trees absorb large quantities of k and this uptake of k significantly alters the patterns of distribution of 137cs within the plant. following a single k fertilization event, mean total k in trunks of k-treated trees is 5.6 times greater than in trunks of control ...200919064306
radiation doses for marshall islands atolls affected by u.s. nuclear testing: all exposure pathways, remedial measures, and environmental loss of (137)cs.radiation doses calculated for people resettling bikini island at bikini atoll, enjebi island at enewetak atoll, rongelap island at rongelap atoll, and utrōk island at utrōk atoll are presented. residence is assumed to begin in 2010. in previous dose assessments it was shown that (137)cs accounts for about 98% of the total dose for returning residents. about 85 to 90% (depending on the atoll) is via consumption of locally grown foods containing (137)cs, and about 10 to 15% is due to external exp ...201019959945
an optimized method for extraction and detection of coconut cadang-cadang viroid(cccvd) from oil palm.coconut cadong-cadong viroid (cccvd) causes the lethal cadang-cadang disease of coconut palms in the philippines and it is recently reported to be associated with the orange spotting disease on oil palm in malaysia. the low concentration of the viroid rna in oil palm as well as the high content of polyphenols and polysaccharides in this plant which interfere with the purification steps makes it difficult to extract and detect this viroid from oil palm. a previously described method was modified ...201021534490
post-harvest quality and shelf-life of tender coconut.seven to 8 months old (maturity stage) coconuts (cocos nucifera l.) from local tall cultivar ('west coast tall') with husk and intact perianth were stored at room temperature (27 ± 2(°)c) and the minimally processed nuts (60% husk removed) were stored both at room temperature as well as refrigerated conditions (13 ± 2°c) to evaluate the changes in physical and chemical constituents of coconut water during storage. observations on physiological loss in weight of the stored coconuts, volume and ph ...201023572707
aspergillus sect. aeni sect. nov., a new section of the genus for a.karnatakaensis sp. nov. and some allied fungi.the new species aspergilluskarnatakaensis sp. nov. is described and illustrated. all three isolates of this species were isolated from indian soil; two from soil under a coconut palm in a coffee plantation in karnataka, and one from soil in the machrar river bed in bansa district. this species is closely related to, but clearly distinct, from a. aeneus based on β-tubulin or calmodulin sequence data. sequences of the its region of these two species are identical. aspergillus karnatakaensis produc ...201022679580
endogenous cytokinins in cocos nucifera l. in vitro cultures obtained from plumular explants.auxin induces in vitro somatic embryogenesis in coconut plumular explants through callus formation. embryogenic calli and non-embryogenic calli can be formed from the initial calli. analysis of endogenous cytokinins showed the occurrence of cytokinins with aromatic and aliphatic side chains. fourteen aliphatic cytokinins and four aromatic cytokinins were analysed in the three types of calli and all the cytokinins were found in each type, although some in larger proportions than others. the most ...201020690021
the complete chloroplast genome sequence of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.).date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.), a member of arecaceae family, is one of the three major economically important woody palms--the two other palms being oil palm and coconut tree--and its fruit is a staple food among middle east and north african nations, as well as many other tropical and subtropical regions. here we report a complete sequence of the data palm chloroplast (cp) genome based on pyrosequencing.201020856810
ssr mining in oil palm est database: application in oil palm germplasm diversity studies.this study reports on the detection of additional expressed sequence tags (est) derived simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers for the oil palm. a large collection of 19243 elaeis guineensis ests were assembled to give 10258 unique sequences, of which 629 ests were found to contain 722 ssrs with a variety of motifs. dinucleotide repeats formed the largest group (45.6%) consisting of 66.9% ag/ct, 21.9% at/at, 10.9% ac/gt and 0.3% cg/cg motifs. this was followed by trinucleotide repeats, which is th ...201020861564
practical and theoretical characterization of inga laurina kunitz inhibitor on the control of homalinotus coriaceus.digestive endoprotease activities of the coconut palm weevil, homalinotus coriaceus (coleoptera: curculionidae), were characterized based on the ability of gut extracts to hydrolyze specific synthetic substrates, optimal ph, and hydrolysis sensitivity to protease inhibitors. trypsin-like proteinases were major enzymes for h. coriaceus, with minor activity by chymotrypsin proteinases. more importantly, gut proteinases of h. coriaceus were inhibited by trypsin inhibitor from inga laurina seeds. in ...201021094272
addition of a combination of onion (allium cepa) and coconut (cocos nucifera) to food of sheep stops gastrointestinal helminthic infections.sheep with gastrointestinal nematodes and cestodes were fed on three farms with a combination of specially prepared extracts of onion (allium cepa) and coconut (cocos nucifera) for 8 days containing each 60 g coconut and onion extract, combined with milk powder and/or polyethylene glycol (peg) propylencarbonate (pc). in all cases, the worm stages disappeared from the feces and were also not found 9 and 20 days after the end of the feeding with this plant combination. since all treated animals in ...201021120531
vasorelaxant and antihypertensive effect of cocos nucifera linn. endocarp on isolated rat thoracic aorta and doca salt-induced hypertensive rats.the fruits of cocos nucifera linn. (arecaceae) have long been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of cardio-metabolic disorders.201021129472
spatial and spatiotemporal pattern analysis of coconut lethal yellowing in mozambique.coconut lethal yellowing (ly) is caused by a phytoplasma and is a major threat for coconut production throughout its growing area. incidence of ly was monitored visually on every coconut tree in six fields in mozambique for 34 months. disease progress curves were plotted and average monthly disease incidence was estimated. spatial patterns of disease incidence were analyzed at six assessment times. aggregation was tested by the coefficient of spatial autocorrelation of the beta-binomial distribu ...201020205533
cryopreservation of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) zygotic embryos does not induce morphological, cytological or molecular changes in recovered seedlings.the present study aimed at exploring the fidelity of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) plants recovered from cryopreservation. zygotic embryos from various different cultivars were cryopreserved following four successive steps, namely: rapid dehydration, rapid freezing, rapid thawing and in vitro recovery followed by acclimatization. at the end of the acclimatization period, the seedlings were compared to counterparts of the same age, which were produced from non-cryopreserved embryos. both series wer ...201020464558
ga3 stimulates the formation and germination of somatic embryos and the expression of a knotted-like homeobox gene of cocos nucifera (l.).the micropropagation of coconut palm has progressed rapidly; yet, there are constraints with regard to the number of somatic embryos formed and their germination. to overcome these, we tested the effect of gibberellic acid and characterized genes of the knox family. gibberellic acid at 0.5 mum increased 1.5-fold the number of calli forming somatic embryos and twofold the number of somatic embryos per callus, calli with germinating embryos and the number of germinating somatic embryos per callus. ...201020582418
isolation of the endosperm-specific lpaat gene promoter from coconut (cocos nucifera l.) and its functional analysis in transgenic rice plants.as one of the key tropical crops, coconut (cocos nucifera l.) is a member of the monocotyledonous family aracaceae (palmaceae). in this study, we amplified the upstream region of an endosperm-specific expression gene, lysophosphatidyl acyltransferase (lpaat), from the coconut genomic dna by chromosome walking. in this sequence, we found several types of promoter-related elements including tata-box, caat-box and skn1-motif. in order to further examine its function, three different 5'-deletion fra ...201020589378
plants cause ecosystem nutrient depletion via the interruption of bird-derived spatial subsidies.plant introductions and subsequent community shifts are known to affect nutrient cycling, but most such studies have focused on nutrient enrichment effects. the nature of plant-driven nutrient depletions and the mechanisms by which these might occur are relatively poorly understood. in this study we demonstrate that the proliferation of the commonly introduced coconut palm, cocos nucifera, interrupts the flow of allochthonous marine subsidies to terrestrial ecosystems via an indirect effect: imp ...201020133852
effect of plants used in mexico to treat gastrointestinal disorders on charcoal-gum acacia-induced hyperperistalsis in rats.a total of 28 plant extracts, belonging to 26 different plant species are commonly used in traditional mexican medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders such as diarrhea.201020035855
stomach nematodes (mastophorus muris) in rats (rattus rattus) are associated with coconut (cocos nucifera) habitat at palmyra atoll.black rats ( rattus rattus ) and their stomach nematodes (mastophorus muris) were historically introduced to islets at palmyra atoll in the central pacific line islands. to investigate patterns of parasitism, we trapped rats and quantified nematodes on 13 islets of various sizes and habitat types. most rats were parasitized (59%) with an average of 12 worms per infected rat. islet size did not greatly influence parasite population biology. nematodes also did not appear to affect rat condition (w ...201019799487
in vitro cultivation and morphological characterization of phloemic trypanosomatids isolated from coconut trees.plant trypanosomatids cause lethal vascular wilting in palms of the arecaceae family. infections, affecting plants in south and central america, can result in significant economic loss. the study of trypanosomatids that cause these diseases has been complicated due to the inability to culture these organisms for in vitro analyses. to develop a protocol that would facilitate studies of trypanosomatids, continuous in vitro cultures of phloemic trypanosomatids were established from apical stems of ...201020002871
commercial coconut palm as an ecotope of chagas disease vectors in north-eastern venezuela.there are few reports of coccus nucifera (palmae) infestation by triatomines (hemiptera, reduviidae, triatominae), vectors of trypanosoma cruzi (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae), the causal agent of american trypanosomiasis. the aim of this study was to determine if this palm is an appropriate ecotope for rhodnius prolixus and triatoma maculata, the main vectors in venezuela.201020539044
anthelmintic activity of cocos nucifera l. on intestinal nematodes of mice.in this study, we evaluated the anthelmintic activity of the liquid extracted from the bark of the green coconut (lbgc), as well as butanol extract obtained from lbgc, on mouse intestinal nematodes. thirty-six naturally infected mice were distributed into six groups receiving the following treatments: group i: 1000 mg/kg of lbgc; group ii: 2000 mg/kg of lbgc; group iii: 500 mg/kg of butanol extract; group iv: 1000 mg/kg of butanol extract; group v: 0.56 mg/kg febendazole; and group vi: 3% dimeth ...201019505703
development of a heavy metal sorption system through the p=s functionalization of coconut (cocos nucifera) fibers.lignocellulosic residues are interesting materials for the production of heavy metal adsorbents for aquatic systems. whole fibers taken from coconut (cocos nucifera) husks were functionalized with the thiophosphoryl (p=s) group by means of the direct reaction with cl(3)ps, (ch(3)o)(2)clp=s or (ch(3)ch(2)o)(2)clp=s in order to obtain an adsorptive system for 'soft' metal ions, particularly cd(2+). these functionalized fibers (ffs) were characterized by means of elemental analysis, infrared spectr ...201019716694
diet-dependent life history, feeding preference and thermal requirements of the predatory mite neoseiulus baraki (acari: phytoseiidae).neoseiulus baraki athias-henriot (acari: phytoseiidae) has been reported from the americas, africa and asia, often in association with aceria guerreronis keifer (acari: eriophyidae), one of the most important pests of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) in different parts of the world. that phytoseiid has been considered one of the most common predators associated with a. guerreronis in brazil. the objective of this study was to evaluate the feeding preference and the effect of food items commonly prese ...201019774469
isolation of beta-mannanase from cocos nucifera linn haustorium and its application in the depolymerization of beta-(1,4)-linked d-mannans.beta-mannanase was extracted from coconut (cocos nucifera linn) haustorium and purified through ammonium sulfate precipitation and sepharose 6b-lectin affinity chromatography. coconut beta-mannanase is an acidic protein with a pi of 3.75. the molecular mass of coconut beta-mannanase (sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) was found to be 44 kda and was confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. the optimum temperature and ph for ...201020085503
anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities of virgin coconut oil.this study investigated some pharmacological properties of virgin coconut oil (vco), the natural pure oil from coconut [cocos nucifera linn (palmae)] milk, which was prepared without using chemical or high-heat treatment. the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects of vco were assessed. in acute inflammatory models, vco showed moderate anti-inflammatory effects on ethyl phenylpropiolate-induced ear edema in rats, and carrageenin- and arachidonic acid-induced paw edema. vco exhibite ...201020645831
population structures of brazilian tall coconut (cocos nucifera l.) by microsatellite markers.coconut palms of the tall group were introduced to brazil from the cape verde islands in 1553. the present study sought to evaluate the genetic diversity among and within brazilian tall coconut populations. samples were collected of 195 trees from 10 populations. genetic diversity was accessed by investigating 13 simple sequence repeats (ssr) loci. this provided a total of 68 alleles, ranging from 2 to 13 alleles per locus, with an average of 5.23. the mean values of gene diversity (h(e) ) and o ...201021637579
dehydration improves cryopreservation of coconut (cocos nucifera l.).cryopreservation of coconut can be used as a strategy to back up the establishment of living collections which are expensive to maintain and are under constant threat from biotic and abiotic factors. unfortunately, cryopreservation protocols still need to be developed that are capable of producing a sizeable number of field-grown plants. therefore, we report on the development of an improved cryopreservation protocol which can be used on a wide range of coconut cultivars. the cryopreservation of ...201020959171
the effects of provisioning and crop-raiding on the diet and foraging activities of human-commensal white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus).non-human primates are coming into increasingly frequent contact with humans and with human-modified environments. the potential for monkeys to survive in such modified landscapes is questionable, and is likely related to a species' behavioral plasticity, particularly as it relates to diet. in this study, i explore the ways in which white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus) adjust their diet and foraging behaviors in response to anthropogenic impact. i compare a troop of human-commensal monkeys an ...201121432873
exploring the influence of sterilisation and storage on some physicochemical properties of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water.abstract:201122032822
coconut (cocos nucifera l.: arecaceae): in health promotion and disease prevention.coconut, cocos nucifera l., is a tree that is cultivated for its multiple utilities, mainly for its nutritional and medicinal values. the various products of coconut include tender coconut water, copra, coconut oil, raw kernel, coconut cake, coconut toddy, coconut shell and wood based products, coconut leaves, coir pith etc. its all parts are used in someway or another in the daily life of the people in the traditional coconut growing areas. it is the unique source of various natural products fo ...201121771462
phylogenetic and experimental characterization of an acyl-acp thioesterase family reveals significant diversity in enzymatic specificity and activity.abstract: background: acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterases (acyl-acp tes) catalyze the hydrolysis of the thioester bond that links the acyl chain to the sulfhydryl group of the phosphopantetheine prosthetic group of acp. this reaction terminates acyl chain elongation of fatty acid biosynthesis, and in plant seeds it is the biochemical determinant of the fatty acid compositions of storage lipids. results: to explore acyl-acp te diversity and to identify novel acyl acp-tes, 31 acyl-acp tes from ...201121831316
life history of proctolaelaps bulbosus feeding on the coconut mite aceria guerreronis and other possible food types occurring on coconut fruits.aceria guerreronis keifer (acari: eriophyidae) is a major pest of coconut fruits (cocos nucifera l.) in many countries of the americas, africa, and parts of asia. considerable attention has been given to studies of biological control agents of a. guerreronis. proctolaelaps bulbosus moraes, reis and gondim jr. is a predator recently discovered in association with a. guerreronis. nothing is known about its biology. the aim of this study was to determine suitable food sources for p. bulbosus, among ...201120835918
removal of cadmium(ii) from wastewater using activated carbon prepared from agro industrial by-products.removal of cadmium from wastewater using activated carbons prepared from cocos nucifera (coconut) and azadirachta indica (neem) oilcakes-an agricultural solid by-product was investigated. batch experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of ph, agitation time, initial metal ion concentration and adsorbent dose on the cadmium sorption in coconut oil cake activated carbon (cocac) and neem oil cake activated carbon (nocac). the experiments demonstrated that the adsorption process corresponds ...201123505814
final report on the safety assessment of cocos nucifera (coconut) oil and related ingredients.cocos nucifera (coconut) oil, oil from the dried coconut fruit, is composed of 90% saturated triglycerides. it may function as a fragrance ingredient, hair conditioning agent, or skin-conditioning agent and is reported in 626 cosmetics at concentrations from 0.0001% to 70%. the related ingredients covered in this assessment are fatty acids, and their hydrogenated forms, corresponding fatty alcohols, simple esters, and inorganic and sulfated salts of coconut oil. the salts and esters are expected ...201121772024
[rearing technique and biological traits of atheloca subrufella (hulst) (lepidoptera: phycitidae) in coconut fruits].rearing technique and biological traits of atheloca subrufella (hulst) (lepidoptera: phycitidae) in coconut fruits. larvae of the coconut moth atheloca subrufella (hulst) develop in flowers and fruits of coconut, cocos nucifera, causing precocious abscission of these structures and, hence, yield decrease. this work studied a feasible and suitable rearing technique for a. subrufella using fruits of coconut. we first determined the appropriate density of larvae to be reared per coconut fruit (amon ...201121437477
olfactory response of predatory mites to vegetative and reproductive parts of coconut palm infested by aceria guerreronis.the phytophagous mite aceria guerreronis keifer is an important pest of coconut worldwide. a promising method of control for this pest is the use of predatory mites. neoseiulus baraki (athias-henriot) and proctolaelaps bickleyi bram are predatory mites found in association with a. guerreronis in the field. to understand how these predators respond to olfactory cues from a. guerreronis and its host plant, the foraging behavior of the predatory mites was investigated in a y-tube olfactometer and o ...201121499777
independent origins of cultivated coconut (cocos nucifera l.) in the old world tropics.as a portable source of food, water, fuel, and construction materials, the coconut (cocos nucifera l.) played a fundamental role in human migrations and the development of civilization across the humid tropics. here we investigated the coconut's domestication history and its population genetic structure as it relates to human dispersal patterns. a sample of 1,322 coconut accessions, representing the geographical and phenotypic diversity of the species, was examined using ten microsatellite loci. ...201121731660
cryopreservation of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) zygotic embryos by vitrification.the present study investigates the effect of preculture conditions, vitrification and unloading solutions on survival and regeneration of coconut zygotic embryos after cryopreservation. among the seven plant vitrification solutions tested, pvs3 was found to be the most effective for regeneration of cryopreserved embryos. the optimal protocol involved preculture of embryos for 3 days on medium with 0.6 m sucrose, pvs3 treatment for 16 h, rapid cooling and rewarming and unloading in 1.2 m sucrose ...201122020411
effect of coconut palm proximities and musa spp. germplasm resistance to colonization by raoiella indica (acari: tenuipalpidae).although coconut (cocos nucifera l.) is the predominant host for raoiella indica hirst (acari: tenuipalpidae), false spider mite infestations do occur on bananas and plantains (musa spp. colla). since its introduction, the banana and plantain industries have been negatively impacted to different degrees by r. indica infestation throughout the caribbean. genetic resistance in the host and the proximity of natural sources of mite infestation has been suggested as two of the main factors affecting ...201121915683
variability in coconut ( cocos nucifera l.) germplasm and hybrids for fatty acid profile of oil.coconut oil, the main product of coconut fruit, is the richest source of glycerol and lauric acid and hence is called lauric oil. this paper reports the fatty acid profile of oil from 60 talls, 14 dwarfs, and 34 hybrids. these include collections from 13 countries covering a large coconut-growing area of the world, apart from the indigenous ones. capillary gas chromatography analysis of oil indicated a wider variation for the fatty acid profile than earlier reported. apart from this, for the fir ...201122118628
Evaluation of antihyperglycemic activity of Cocos nucifera Linn. on streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats.The plant Cocos nucifera Linn. (Arecaceae) is commonly known as coconut. Traditionally the juice of the young spadix when fresh is used in diarrhea and diabetes. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of antidiabetic activity and effect on lipid profile as well as cardioprotective effect of hydro-methanol extract of Cocos nucifera (HECN) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.201122041106
differential responses to guano fertilization among tropical tree species with varying functional traits.• premise of the study: seabirds often cause significant changes to soil properties, and seabird-dominated systems often host unique plant communities. this study experimentally (1) examined species-specific responses to seabird guano gradients, (2) considered the role that differential functional traits among species play in altering plant response to guano, and (3) investigated the implications of seabird guano on range-expanding species. • methods: using a greenhouse fertilization experiment, ...201121613110
Within-season dynamics of red palm mite (Raoiella indica) and phytoseiid predators on two host palm species in south-west India.Field surveys were conducted monthly between December 2008 and July 2009 in Kerala, south-west India to compare the population dynamics of the red palm mite Raoiella indica (RPM) on two host plants Areca catechu and Cocos nucifera during one non-monsoon season when, in general, RPM populations increase. The aim was to examine the effects of host plant, host plant locality and the impact of climatic factors on RPM and related phytoseiid predators. There were significantly higher RPM densities on ...201121915684
first report of the red palm mite, raoiella indica hirst (acari: tenuipalpidae), in brazil.the presence of the red palm mite, raoiella indica hirst, is reported for the first time in brazil. this invasive mite was found in july 2009 infesting coconut palms and bananas in urban areas of boa vista, state of roraima, in northern brazil. comments on the possible pathways of r. indica into the country, present and potential impact of its introduction and mitigating measures to prevent or to delay the mite spread in brazil are presented.201121710040
in vitro culture of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) zygotic embryos.coconut is a very important crop for millions of people in tropical countries. with coconut, in vitro culture protocols have been developed with two main objectives, viz. the large scale production of particular types of coconuts and the international exchange and conservation of coconut germplasm. the methods described in this chapter have been developed in the framework of collaborative activities between research institutes in côte d'ivoire and france. two coconut embryo in vitro collecting p ...201121207262
in-vitro antibacterial properties of crude aqueous and n-hexane extracts of the husk of cocos nucifera.the increasing numbers of cases of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria such as vibrio species poses a major problem to the food and aquaculture industries, as most antibiotics are no longer effective in controlling pathogenic bacteria affecting these industries. therefore, this study was carried out to assess the antibacterial potentials of crude aqueous and n-hexane extracts of the husk of cocos nucifera against some selected vibrio species and other bacterial pathogens including th ...201121372760
evaluation of the use of cocos nucifera as antimalarial remedy in malaysian folk medicine.white flesh extract of cocos nucifera (coconut) was studied to ascertain the ethnopharmacological standing of its antimalarial usage in malaysian folk medicine.201121277969
digestible and metabolizable energy concentrations in copra meal, palm kernel meal, and cassava root fed to growing pigs.an experiment was conducted to measure de and me in copra (cocos nucifera) meal (cm), palm kernel meal (pkm), and cassava (manihot esculenta) root (cr) in growing pigs. eight boars with an initial bw of 67.3 ± 5.8 kg were individually housed in metabolism crates that were equipped with a feeder and a nipple drinker. a replicated 4 × 4 latin square design was used with 4 dietary treatments, 4 periods, and 8 animals. a basal diet mainly contained corn (zea mays) and soybean (glycine max) meal. thr ...201223365309
temporal evolution of ¹³⁷cs⁺, k⁺ and na⁺ in fruits of south american tropical species.concentrations of (137)cs, k and na in fruits of lemon (citrus limon b.) and of k and na in fruits of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) trees were measured by both gamma spectrometry and neutron activation analysis, with the aim to understand the behaviour of monovalent inorganic cations in tropical plants as well as the plant ability to store these elements. similar amounts of k(+) were incorporated by lemon and coconut trees during the growth and ripening processes of its fruits. the k concentration ...201223268139
age-stage, two-sex life table of brontispa longissima (gestro) (coleoptera: hispidae) feeding on four palm plant varieties.the life history of brontispa longissima (gestro) (coleoptera: hispidae), reared under laboratory conditions on leaves of coconut (cocos nucifera l.), royal palm [roystonea regia (kunth) o.f.cook], bottle palm [hyophorbe lagenicaulis (l. bailey) h.e.moore], and fishtail palm (caryota ochlandra hance) was analyzed using age-stage, two-sex life table. means and standard errors of population growth parameters were calculated using the jackknife method. moreover, survival rate and fecundity data wer ...201223068179
evaluation of the antiplasmodial and cytotoxicity potentials of husk fiber extracts from cocos nucifera, a medicinal plant used in nigeria to treat human malaria.nigeria is an african country where transmission of malaria occurs all year round and where most inhabitants use plants as remedies against parasitic diseases, including malaria. some of such medicinal plants have their antimalarial efficacies already demonstrated experimentally, active compounds isolated and the mechanism of drug action suggested. decoction of cocos nucifera husk is used in the middle belt region of nigeria as an antimalarial remedy. in our current studies, we tested extracts f ...201222241625
a novel cost-effective medium for the production of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis for mosquito control.bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (bti) has been used for mosquito-control programmes the world-wide. indeed, the large-scale production of bti for mosquito control is very expensive due to the high cost of its culture. in the present study, we attempted to widen the scope in developing cost-effective culture medium for bti production, based on the raw materials available on the biosphere, including coconut cake powder, ccp (cocos nucifera), neem cake powder, ncp (azadirachta indica) and ...201222543607
prediction of gross energy and digestible energy in copra meal, palm kernel meal, and cassava root fed to pigs.many of the available prediction equations for feed energy value may not be applicable for ingredients such as copra (cocos nucifera) meal (cm), palm kernel meal (pkm), and cassava (manihot esculenta) root (cr). therefore, we developed novel equations for estimating ge and de concentrations in cm, pkm, cr, and diets containing these ingredients. data for ge and de concentrations were obtained from previous experiments in which the chemical composition in the ingredients and diets were determined ...201223365336
germination rate is the significant characteristic determining coconut palm diversity.this review comes at a time when in vitro embryo culture techniques are being adopted for the safe exchange and cryo-conservation of coconut germplasm. in due course, laboratory procedures may replace the options that exist among standard commercial nursery germination techniques. these, in their turn, have supplanted traditional methods that are now forgotten or misunderstood. knowledge of all germination options should help to ensure the safe regeneration of conserved material.201223275832
a comparison of artificial diets for mass rearing brontispa longissima (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) as hosts for the larval and the pupal parasitoids.the coconut hispine beetle, brontispa longissima (gestro) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) is a serious pest of coconut palm. in this study, we developed an artificial diet for b. longissima so that the beetle could be used as a host for rearing two of its parasitoids, asecodes hispinarum boucek (hymenoptera: eulophidae) and tetrastichus brontispae ferrière (hymenoptera: eulophidae). the new artificial diet represents an improvement of our previous diet, which we used as a control. when beetle larvae ...201222812115
effects of exogenous enzyme supplementation to corn- and soybean meal-based or complex diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood metabolites in growing pigs.two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of exogenous enzymes on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (attd) of energy and nutrients, blood metabolites, fecal vfa, and fecal ammonia-n in growing pigs (sus scrofa) fed a corn (zea mays l.)- and soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] meal (sbm)-based diet. in exp. 1, 240 growing barrows (initial bw: 55.6 ± 0.9 kg) were randomly allotted to 5 treatments on the basis of bw. there were 4 replicates ...201222585797
first report on the whitefly, aleurodicus pseudugesii on the coconut palm, cocos nucifera in brazil.the coconut palm, cocos nucifera l. (arecales: arecaceae), is currently grown extensively throughout the intertropical zones of the world, including brazil, where it constitutes an important source of income for growers. although whiteflies are not normally considered coconut pests, these insects can damage crops directly by sucking the sap, which weakens the plant; indirect damage may be caused by sooty mold formation over the excreted honeydew and by the transmission of pathogens. whiteflies h ...201222958126
characterisation of the volatile profile of coconut water from five varieties using an optimised hs-spme-gc analysis.coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water is a refreshing tropical drink whose international market has recently been growing. however, little is yet known about its physicochemical composition, particularly its aroma. this study set out to characterise the volatile profile of water from five coconut varieties.201222692849
elaeis oleifera genomic-ssr markers: exploitation in oil palm germplasm diversity and cross-amplification in arecaceae.species-specific simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers are favored for genetic studies and marker-assisted selection (mas) breeding for oil palm genetic improvement. this report characterizes 20 ssr markers from an elaeis oleifera genomic library (gssr). characterization of the repeat type in 2000 sequences revealed a high percentage of di-nucleotides (63.6%), followed by tri-nucleotides (24.2%). primer pairs were successfully designed for 394 of the e. oleifera gssrs. subsequent analysis showed ...201222605966
proximate composition, extraction, characterization and comparative assessment of coconut (cocos nucifera) and melon (colocynthis citrullus) seeds and seed oils.proximate composition, extraction, characterization and comparative assessment of cocos nucifera and colocynthis citrullus seeds and seed oils were evaluated in this work using standard analytical techniques. the results showed the percentage (%) moisture, crude fibre, ash, crude protein, lipids and total carbohydrate contents of the seeds as 7.51 and 4.27, 7.70 and 5.51, 1.02 and 2.94, 10.57 and 11.67, 47.80 and 50.42 and 32.84 and 29.47 while the calorific values were 553.99 and 567.32 kcal/10 ...201222530436
interaction of cocos nucifera cream casein with humic acid suspensions.two caseins labelled as casmg (casein without fats) and camg (casein with fats) were extracted from coconut cream. both caseins were used as coagulants for the aggregation of humic acid (ha) particles in synthetic water at ph = 6 during the jar-test essays. the optimum dosage of camg or casmg and the residual turbidities of treated water obtained depend on the type of used casein (camg or casmg) and the concentration of particles in solution. the optimal doses of camg and casmg are respectively ...201222699339
global bioenergy potential from high-lignin agricultural residue.almost one-quarter of the world's population has basic energy needs that are not being met. efforts to increase renewable energy resources in developing countries where per capita energy availability is low are needed. herein, we examine integrated dual use farming for sustained food security and agro-bioenergy development. many nonedible crop residues are used for animal feed or reincorporated into the soil to maintain fertility. by contrast, drupe endocarp biomass represents a high-lignin feed ...201222355123
status of aceria guerreronis keifer (acari: eriophyidae) as a pest of coconut in the state of sao paulo, southeastern brazil.the coconut mite, aceria guerreronis keifer, is one of the main pests of coconut palms (cocos nucifera) in northeastern brazil. the objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of the coconut mite and other mites on coconut palms in the state of são paulo and to estimate the possible role of predatory mites in the control of this pest. the effect of cultivated genotypes and sampling dates on the mite populations was also estimated. we sampled attached fruits, leaflets, inflorescences, and ...201223950068
performance evaluation and modelling studies of gravel--coir fibre--sand multimedia stormwater filter.a horizontal flow multimedia stormwater filter was developed and tested for hydraulic efficiency and pollutant removal efficiency. gravel, coconut (cocos nucifera) fibre and sand were selected as the media and filled in 1:1:1 proportion. a fabric screen made up of woven sisal hemp was used to separate the media. the adsorption behaviour of coir fibre was determined in a series of column and batch studies and the corresponding isotherms were developed. the hydraulic efficiency of the filter showe ...201223240200
residual bioassay to assess the toxicity of acaricides against aceria guerreronis (acari: eriophyidae) under laboratory conditions.aceria guerreronis keifer (acari: eriophyidae) is considered a major pest of the coconut (cocos nucifera l.), and the use of pesticides is the current method to control it. however, no standard toxicological tests exist to select and assess the efficiency of molecules against the coconut mite. the aim of this study was to develop a methodology that allows for the evaluation of the relative toxicity of acaricides to a. guerreronis through rapid laboratory procedures. we confined a. guerreronis on ...201222928324
cocos sahnii kaul: a cocos nucifera l.-like fruit from the early eocene rainforest of rajasthan, western india.cocos sahnii kaul, a fossil palm fruit, is validated and described from the fuller's earth deposits of kapurdi village of rajasthan considered as early eocene in age. the fossil best resembles the genus cocos, particularly cocos nucifera l., which is now a common coastal element thriving in highly moist conditions. the recovery of this coconut-like fruit, along with earlier described evergreen taxa from the same formation, suggests the existence of typical tropical, warm and humid coastal condit ...201222922201
intraguild predation and cannibalism between the predatory mites neoseiulus neobaraki and n. paspalivorus, natural enemies of the coconut mite aceria guerreronis.neoseiulus neobaraki and n. paspalivorus are amongst the most common phytoseiid predators of coconut mite, aceria guerreronis, found in the spatial niche beneath coconut fruit bracts. both predators may occur on the same coconut palms in benin and tanzania and are therefore likely to interact with each other. here, we assessed cannibalism and intraguild predation (igp) of the two predators in the absence and presence of their primary prey a. guerreronis. in the absence of the shared extraguild p ...201222669279
biochemical profile of coconut water from coconut palms planted in an inland region.to analyze the biochemical profile of coconut water from dwarf coconut palms planted in non-coastal regions, during the maturation period (sixth to ninth month).201316912834
toxicity of acaricides to raoiella indica and their selectivity for its predator, amblyseius largoensis (acari: tenuipalpidae: phytoseiidae).raoiella indica hirst (acari: tenuipalpidae) is considered a pest of coconut palm in asia and the middle east. this mite was recently introduced in the americas, where it spread to several countries and expanded its range of hosts, causing heavy losses to coconut and banana production. the phytoseiid mite amblyseius largoensis (muma) is one of the predators most often encountered in coconut palms. because the current prospects for the control of r. indica in the new world indicate the use of aca ...201323229493
survival and behavioural response to acaricides of the coconut mite predator neoseiulus baraki.the coconut mite, aceria guerreronis keifer, is a major pest of coconut palm in the world. the control of this pest species is done through acaricide applications at short time intervals. however, the predators of this pest may also be affected by acaricides. among the predators of a. guerreronis, neoseiulus baraki (athias-henriot) has potential for biological control. the objective of this study was to assess the effect of acaricides on the survival and behavior of n. baraki. the survivorship o ...201323224672
spatial and temporal analysis of stem bleeding disease in coconut palm in the state of sergipe, brazil.stem bleeding disease (resinosis) of coconut palm is caused by thielaviopsis paradoxa and is very important in the state of sergipe, brazil. understanding the epidemiological behavior of the disease is essential for establishing more efficient control strategies. thus, we characterized the temporal progression and spatial distribution of stem bleeding in a commercial orchard under conditions of natural infection in the area of neopolis, sergipe. three plots with 729 plants each were selected and ...201324270840
biomechanics of climbing coconut trees and its implications in ankle foot morphology- a video sequence analysis.few studies regarding foot changes and health of professional coconut tree climbers of south india are reported. medical emergencies are very common, especially due to accidental fall from coconut trees, while on job. objective of the present study is to analyze the altered biomechanics of lower limb joints used by the coconut tree climbers.201323814711
mspd sample preparation approach for reversed-phase liquid chromatographic analysis of pesticide residues in stem of coconut palm.a method was developed using matrix solid-phase dispersion, together with liquid chromatography with ultraviolet diode array detector for determination of carbofuran, difenoconazole, β-cyfluthrin, spirodiclofen and thiophanate-methyl in stem of coconut palm. the best results were obtained using 2.0 g of stem, 1.6 g of florisil as sorbent and cyclohexane:acetone mixture (4:1). the method was validated using stem samples spiked with pesticides at four concentration levels (0.05-2.0 μg/g). average ...201323722654
females as intraguild predators of males in cross-pairing experiments with phytoseiid mites.studies on intraguild interactions between phytoseiid species have shown that intraguild predation occurs and is most commonly manifested as adult females of one species feeding on juveniles of another. whether such intraguild interactions can also occur between adult females of one species and adult males of another, is not known. herein, we report on intraguild interactions between adults of the two sexes in cross-pairing experiments involving three related phytoseiid species (neoseiulus paspa ...201323673924
comparison of two populations of the pantropical predator amblyseius largoensis (acari: phytoseiidae) for biological control of raoiella indica (acari: tenuipalpidae).the red palm mite, raoiella indica hirst (acari: tenuipalpidae), was recently introduced in the americas. it spread quickly throughout coconut palm growing areas, expanding considerably its host range. the invasion of this species has caused high economic impact in several countries. in brazil, extensive areas are expected to be affected. for logistical reasons and other concerns, chemical control does not seem desirable for the control of this pest in most latin american countries. biological c ...201323100107
development and anti-microbial potential of topical formulations containing cocos nucifera linn.in order to achieve better treatment for local wounds and bacterial infections, topical formulations containing cocos nucifera linn. were developed. these formulations were evaluated for their physicochemical properties and antimicrobial efficacy against various strains of microorganisms. semisolid formulations containing 5% w/w of cocos nucifera linn. were prepared by employing different dermatological bases and were evaluated for their physical appearance, ph, rheological properties, ftir-spec ...201323746224
use of coir pith particles in composites with portland cement.brazil is the fourth largest world's producer of coconut (cocos nucifera l.). coconut crops generate several wastes, including, coir pith. coir pith and short fibers are the byproducts of extracting the long fibers and account for approximately 70% of the mature coconut husk. the main use of coir pith is as an agricultural substrate. due to its shape and small size (0.075-1.2 mm), this material can be considered as a particulate material. the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of coir pit ...201324184526
complete sequence and comparative analysis of the chloroplast genome of coconut palm (cocos nucifera).coconut, a member of the palm family (arecaceae), is one of the most economically important trees used by mankind. despite its diverse morphology, coconut is recognized taxonomically as only a single species (cocos nucifera l.). there are two major coconut varieties, tall and dwarf, the latter of which displays traits resulting from selection by humans. we report here the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of a dwarf coconut plant, and describe the gene content and organization, inverted repeat fl ...201324023703
cytoprotective, antihyperglycemic and phytochemical properties of cocos nucifera (l.) inflorescence.to analyze the cytoprotective and antidiabetic activities as well as phytochemical composition of the immature inflorescence of cocos nucifera belonging to the arecaceae family.201323870470
green synthesis of graphene.the present work reports a green route to synthesis of graphene by reduction of graphite oxide with cocos nucifera l. (coconut water) as reducing agent which is naturally available, non-toxic and environmental friendly. the graphite oxide has been prepared by oxidation of graphite with kcio3/nano3/h2so4 as reported in our earlier findings. x-ray diffraction, ftir, uv-visible and raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation of graphene. sem, tem and afm analyses have also been carried out to study ...201323862494
preliminary studies of bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of coconut fibers.this work studied fast pyrolysis as a way to use the residual fiber obtained from the shells of coconut ( cocos nucifera l. var. dwarf, from aracaju, northeastern brazil). the bio-oil produced by fast pyrolysis and the aqueous phase (formed during the pyrolysis) were characterized by gc/qms and gc×gc/tof-ms. many oxygenated compounds such as phenols, aldehydes, and ketones were identified in the extracts obtained in both phases, with a high predominance of phenolic compounds, mainly alkylphenols ...201323815555
batrachedra nuciferae, an inflorescence-feeding moth associated with coconut, cocos nucifera, and palmiste, roystonea oleracea, in trinidad, west indies.in 2006, batrachedra nuciferae hodges (lepidoptera: batrachedridae) was the first phytophagous insect to be reported from inflorescences of coconut, cocos nucifera l. (arecales: arecaceae), in trinidad, west indies. at that time, it was suggested to be an introduced species contributing to decreasing coconut yields on the island and potentially a threat to other palms. in this preliminary study, inflorescences of coconut, seven indigenous palms, and six exotic ornamental palms were surveyed in s ...201324786569
cocos nucifera linn. (palmae) husk fiber ethanolic extract: antioxidant capacity and electrochemical investigation.the present study aims to determine the antioxidant capacity of the ethanolic extracts of husk fiber of four coconut (cocos nucifera l.) varieties (yellow dwarf, green dwarf, giant and hybrid) and to evaluate the electrochemical behavior of these extracts on a glassy carbon electrode and on a modified glassy carbon electrode. the highest values of total phenolic content were obtained for the hybrid (531 ± 24 mg gae g(-1) dry extract) and yellow dwarf (501 ± 29 mg gae g(-1) dry extract) varieties ...201323092165
antibiofilm activity of coconut (cocos nucifera linn.) husk fibre extract.in this study, antibiofilm activity of coconut husk extract (che) was tested by various assays in the laboratory. the effects of che on extracellular polymeric substance (eps) production, hydrophobicity and adhesion ability of pseudomonas sp., alteromonas sp. and gallionella sp. and the antimicrobial activity of the extract against these bacteria were assessed. che was found to possess antibacterial activity against all the bacterial strains and affected the eps production. the che affected the ...201323961225
evaluation of antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of hydromethanol extract of cocos nucifera l.cocos nucifera l. (family: arecaceae) is generally straight unbranched plant, traditionally cultivated for its fruit (coconut) in home gardens. in the present study, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive (analgesic) activity of hydromethanol extract of cocos nucifera l. (hecn) was evaluated in animal models. hecn showed significant (p < 0.05) and dosedependent anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan induced paw oedema models of inflammation and the result was comparable with the standard drug ...201322527352
a new species of callispa baly (coleoptera, chrysomelidae, cassidinae, callispini) infesting coconut palm ( cocos nucifera l.) in india.callispa keram sp. n. infesting coconut palm (cocos nucifera l.) in kerala, india is described and illustrated. livistona chinensis r.br. and syagrus romanzoffiana (cham.) glassman are reported as additional host plants.201323653522
effect of addition of coconut water (cocos nucifera) to the freezing media on post-thaw viability of boar sperm.the aims of this experiment were to evaluate the addition of coconut water in natura to the freezing media, compare the effect of deionized water vs filtered water of coconut over the post-thaw seminal characteristics, and evaluate the effect of the deionized water and in natura coconut water on the seminal characteristics of boar sperm at different post-thaw times. thirty-four ejaculates were used divided in three aliquots which received one of the following treatments (t): t1, ley (bidistilled ...201322700284
rna-seq analysis of cocos nucifera: transcriptome sequencing and de novo assembly for subsequent functional genomics approaches.cocos nucifera (coconut), a member of the arecaceae family, is an economically important woody palm grown in tropical regions. despite its agronomic importance, previous germplasm assessment studies have relied solely on morphological and agronomical traits. molecular biology techniques have been scarcely used in assessment of genetic resources and for improvement of important agronomic and quality traits in cocos nucifera, mostly due to the absence of available sequence information.201323555859
prophylactic effect of coconut water (cocos nucifera l.) on ethylene glycol induced nephrocalcinosis in male wistar rat.many medicinal plants have been employed during ages to treat urinary stones though the rationale behind their use is not well established. thus, the present study was proposed to evaluate the effect of coconut water as a prophylactic agent in experimentally induced nephrolithiasis in a rat model.201323489503
structural characterization of lignin isolated from coconut (cocos nucifera) coir fibers.the structure of the isolated milled "wood" lignin from coconut coir has been characterized using different analytical methods, including py-gc/ms, 2d nmr, dfrc, and thioacidolysis. the analyses demonstrated that it is a p-hydroxyphenyl-guaiacyl-syringyl (h-g-s) lignin, with a predominance of g units (s/g ratio 0.23) and considerable amounts of associated p-hydroxybenzoates. two-dimensional nmr indicated that the main substructures present in this lignin include β-o-4' alkyl aryl ethers followed ...201323398235
anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and analgesic potential of cocos nucifera linn.: a review.at present, approximately 25%of drugs in modern pharmacopoeia are derived from plant sources (phytomedicines) that can be developed for the treatment of diseases and disorders. many other drugs are synthetic analogues built on the prototype compounds isolated from plants. cocos nucifera linn. (arecaceae), which is commonly known as coconut, is a plant possessing a lot of potential as an ingredient in traditional medicines for the treatment of metabolic disorders and particularly as an anti-infla ...201323286236
a new species of neocypholaelaps vitzthum (acari: ameroseiidae), with notes on the cheliceral lobes and ventral pore-like structures of mites of this family.neocypholaelaps kreiteri n. sp. is described based on the morphology of adult females, males, deutonymphs, protonymphs and larvae collected on inflorescences of cocos nucifera l. (arecaceae) in la réunion island, indian ocean. this is the first species of neocypholaelaps reported from that island. it is most similar to n. cocos evans, 1963 and n. stridulans evans, 1955. a discussion is presented about the presence of cheliceral lobes and the absence of pilus dentilis on the fixed cheliceral digi ...201326217832
conservation of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) germplasm at sub-zero temperature.protocols are proposed for the low (-20 degree c) and ultra-low (-80 degree c) temperature storage of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) embryos. a tissue dehydration step prior to storage, and a rapid warming step upon recovery optimized the protocol. the thermal properties of water located within embryos were monitored using differential scanning calorimetry (dsc). in the most efficient version of the protocol, embryos were dehydrated under a sterile air flow in a dehydration solution containing gluc ...201323250406
geographic distribution and host plants of raoiella indica and associated mite species in northern venezuela.the red palm mite (rpm), raoiella indica hirst (acari: tenuipalpidae), is an invasive pest in the new world, where it is currently considered a serious threat to coconut and banana crops. it was first reported from northern venezuela in 2007. to determine its current distribution in this country, surveys were carried out from october 2008 to april 2010 on coconut (cocos nucifera l.), banana (musa spp.), ornamental plants and weeds in northern venezuela. higher population levels of rpm were regis ...201323065034
occurrence and seasonal prevalence of the coconut mite, aceria guerreronis (eriophyidae), and associated arthropods in oman.the coconut palm is an important crop in the sub arid coastal plain of dhofar, oman, for the high demand for its nut water and its use as ornamental plant. damage of coconut fruits by the eriophyid mite aceria guerreronis keifer was first reported in that region in the late 1980s, but background information about the ecology of the pest in oman was missing. four surveys were conducted in different seasons from 2008 to 2009, to assess the distribution and prevalence of the coconut mite and its da ...201323435864
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