Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| influence of dietary fiber from coconut kernel (cocos nucifera) on the 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced lipid peroxidation in rats. | the influence of dietary fiber from coconut kernel isolated by the neutral detergent fiber method on the antioxidant status in rats treated with the colon specific carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (dmh) was studied in rats fed a high-fat diet for 15 weeks. the dmh-treated fiber group showed higher levels of lipid peroxides than the control group treated with dmh at the preneoplastic and neoplastic stages. free fatty acid levels were found to decrease significantly in the dmh-treated control grou ... | 1999 | 15539336 |
| genotoxicity induced by saponified coconut oil surfactant in prokaryote systems. | surfactants are amphiphilic substances with special properties and chemical structures that allow a reduction in interfacial tension, which permits an increase in molecule solubilization. the critical micelle concentration (cmc) is an important characteristic of surfactants that determines their aggregate state, which is generally related to its functional mechanism. in this work the genotoxic potential of saponified coconut oil (sco), a surfactant obtained from cocos nucifera, was analyzed usin ... | 2004 | 15548754 |
| chromoblastomycosis. | a 70-year-old male agriculturist from a rural area presented with a history of a painless verrucous lesion over the medial aspect of the left leg for 1 year following abrasion by a branch of a coconut tree. koh preparation of the skin biopsy showed evidence of fungal elements. cladophilalospora sp. was isolated in culture. the case was diagnosed as chromoblastomycosis. as there was no response to itraconazole, complete surgical resection of the lesion was done. at follow-up after 1 year there wa ... | 2005 | 15679674 |
| 11s and 7s globulins of coconut (cocos nucifera l.): purification and characterization. | total globulins extracted with 0.4 m nacl in buffer from coconut endosperm separated into two peaks on gel filtration: peak i corresponding to 11s globulin or cocosin and peak ii to 7s globulin with native molecular weights of 326 000 and 156 000, respectively. the percent composition of total globulins was estimated to be 11s, 86% and 7s, 14%. on sds-page, cocosin resolved into two closely migrating bands at approximately 34 000 (acidic polypeptide) and another set of 2 bands at 24 000 (basic p ... | 2005 | 15740067 |
| the control of hypertension by use of coconut water and mauby: two tropical food drinks. | in this study, the authors investigated the effect of regular consumption of two tropical food drinks, coconut (cocos nucifera) water and mauby (colubrina arborescens), on the control of hypertension. twenty-eight hypertensive subjects were assigned to four equal groups and their systolic and diastolic blood pressures recorded for two weeks before and then for another two weeks while receiving one of four interventions. one group (the control) received bottled drinking water, the second group re ... | 2005 | 15892382 |
| profiling c6-c3 and c6-c1 phenolic metabolites in cocos nucifera. | this paper reports the detection and identification of phenolic metabolites (c6-c3 and c6-c1 compounds) in cocos nucifera. an hplc/uv system was used to analyze the soluble and wall-associated phenolics in mesocarp and leaf tissues of c. nucifera. alkaline hydrolysis of the cell wall material of the mesocarpic and leaf tissues yielded 4-hydroxybenzoic acid as the major phenolic compound. other phenolic acids identified were ferulic acid, 4-coumaric acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and vanillic acid. ... | 2005 | 15900879 |
| experimental investigation of various vegetable fibers as sorbent materials for oil spills. | oil spills are a global concern due to their environmental and economical impact. various commercial systems have been developed to control these spills, including the use of fibers as sorbents. this research investigates the use of various vegetable fibers, namely mixed leaves residues, mixed sawdust, sisal (agave sisalana), coir fiber (cocos nucifera), sponge-gourd (luffa cylindrica) and silk-floss as sorbent materials of crude oil. sorption tests with crude oil were conducted in deionized and ... | 2005 | 15946707 |
| antibacterial properties of some plants used in mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. | antibacterial properties of aqueous and methanolic extracts of 26 medicinal plants used in mexico to treat gastrointestinal disorders were tested against eight different species of enteropathogens: two escherichia coli species; two shigella sonnei species; two shigella flexneri species; and two salmonella sp. species. the results showed that all crude extracts exhibited antibacterial activity, at least against one of the microorganisms tested, at concentrations of 8 mg/ml or lower. the extracts ... | 2005 | 16005589 |
| the oryctes virus: its detection, identification, and implementation in biological control of the coconut palm rhinoceros beetle, oryctes rhinoceros (coleoptera: scarabaeidae). | in view of the increasing and devastating damage by rhinoceros beetle (oryctes rhinoceros) to coconut palms in the middle of last century, many efforts were made to find an efficient natural control factor against this pest, which could not be controlled by pesticides. the basic procedures of these monitoring programmes are outlined together with the final detection of a virus disease in oil palm estates in malaysia in 1963. in extensive laboratory studies, the virus was isolated and identified ... | 2005 | 16039308 |
| adsorption of dissolved reactive red dye from aqueous phase onto activated carbon prepared from agricultural waste. | the adsorption of reactive red dye (rr) onto coconut tree flower carbon (cfc) and jute fibre carbon (jfc) from aqueous solution was investigated. adsorption studies were carried out at different initial dye concentrations, initial solution ph and adsorbent doses. the kinetic studies were also conducted; the adsorption of reactive red onto cfc and jfc followed pseudosecond-order rate equation. the effective diffusion coefficient was evaluated to establish the film diffusion mechanism. quantitativ ... | 2006 | 16182523 |
| identification of kinetin and kinetin riboside in coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water using a combined approach of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. | kinetin (free base and riboside), which was assumed by many scientists to be a synthetic cytokinin plant growth hormone, has been detected for the first time in the endosperm liquid of fresh young coconut fruits ("coconut water"). to facilitate the study, we developed a sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) method for the identification and quantification of kinetin and kinetin riboside in purified coconut water extract sample. following a solid-phase extraction of ... | 2005 | 16216563 |
| elevated blood selenium levels in the brazilian amazon. | contaminated fish poses a difficult challenge throughout the world, on the one hand, fish is a very nutritious food source, while on the other hand it accumulates many toxic substances, including mercury (hg). as part of our efforts in the brazilian amazon to maximize nutritional input from fish consumption, a dietary mainstay, and minimize toxic risk, we have been studying the role of selenium (se), an essential element, that may influence the distribution of hg in the body and influence hg neu ... | 2006 | 16289298 |
| qtl analysis of fruit components in the progeny of a rennell island tall coconut (cocos nucifera l.) individual. | we investigated the genetic factors controlling fruit components in coconut by performing qtl analyses for fruit component weights and ratios in a segregating progeny of a rennell island tall genotype. the underlying linkage map of this population was already established in a previous study, as well as qtl analyses for fruit production, which were used to complement our results. the addition of 53 new markers (mainly ssrs) led to minor amendments in the map. a total of 52 putative qtls were iden ... | 2006 | 16307230 |
| the invasive coconut mite aceria guerreronis (acari: eriophyidae): origin and invasion sources inferred from mitochondrial (16s) and nuclear (its) sequences. | over the past 30 years the coconut mite aceria guerreronis keifer has emerged as one of the most important pests of coconut and has recently spread to most coconut production areas worldwide. the mite has not been recorded in the indo-pacific region, the area of origin of coconut, suggesting that it has infested coconut only recently. to investigate the geographical origin, ancestral host associations, and colonization history of the mite, dna sequence data from two mitochondrial and one nuclear ... | 2005 | 16336700 |
| nutrient content of four edible wild plants from west africa. | non-cereal plant foods in the western sahel of africa contribute significantly to the diets of local residents, especially during periods of grain shortages. in this paper, we analyze four such plant foods including diyan kwakwa (nut of coconut palm, cocos nucifera l.), muricin giginya (young shoot of borassus aethiopum), tsamiya biri (fruit of the tree, tamarindus indica), and yari (a mixture of lichens, mainly rimelia reticulate) that grows on ebony trees (diospyros mespiliformis). they were a ... | 2005 | 16395630 |
| study of banana and coconut fibers botanical composition, thermal degradation and textural observations. | four fibers from banana-trees (leaf, trunk) and coconut-tree (husk, fabric) were examined before their incorporation in cementitious matrices, in order to prepare insulating material for construction. their botanical compositions have been determined following a method described previously. thermal degradation of these fibers were studied between 200 and 700 degrees c under nitrogen gas flow. temperature of pyrolysis was the experimental parameter investigated. the solid residues obtained were a ... | 2007 | 16442281 |
| variants of coconut cadang-cadang viroid isolated from an african oil palm (elaies guineensis jacq.) in malaysia. | variants of coconut cadang-cadang viroid have been identified in a plantation oil palm growing in malaysia. three size classes are described, comprising 297, 293, and 270 nt. compared with the 296-nt form of coconut cadang-cadang viroid (cccvd), all variants substituted c31 --> u in the pathogenicity domain and a175 --> c in the right-hand terminus. other mutations and deletions accounted for the different sizes. these are the first sequences reported for variants of coconut cadang-cadang viroid ... | 2006 | 16470341 |
| liquid phase adsorption of crystal violet onto activated carbons derived from male flowers of coconut tree. | adsorption of crystal violet, a basic dye onto phosphoric and sulphuric acid activated carbons (paac and saac), prepared from male flowers coconut tree has been investigated. equilibrium data were successfully applied to study the kinetics and mechanism of adsorption of dye onto both the carbons. the kinetics of adsorption was found to be pseudo second order with regard to intraparticle diffusion. the pseudo second order is further supported by the elovich model, which in turn intensifies the fa ... | 2006 | 16675107 |
| the potential of cost-effective coconut husk for the removal of toxic metal ions for environmental protection. | coconut (cocos nucifera) husk, an agricultural waste, has been thoroughly investigated for the removal of toxic cd(ii), cr(iii) and hg(ii) ions from aqueous media. the parameters like nature and composition of electrolyte, concentration of toxic ions, dosage of coconut husk, and equilibration time between the two phases were optimized for their maximum accumulation onto the solid surface. the effect of common ions on the uptake of metal ions has been monitored under optimal conditions. the varia ... | 2006 | 16713064 |
| determination of cytokinins in coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water using capillary zone electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry. | the applicability of cze in combination with ms and ms/ms methods for the simultaneous separation and determination of 12 cytokinins was investigated for the first time. cytokinins were first completely separated by cze within less than 20 min using a volatile buffer and then detected directly by ms or ms/ms. satisfactory separation of the 12 cytokinin standards was achieved using a 25 mm ammonium formate/formic acid buffer (ph 3.4) and 3% acn v/v with a separation voltage of 25 kv. on the basis ... | 2006 | 16736454 |
| the chemistry of the products of cocos nucifera. i. | 1930 | 16744495 | |
| the chemistry of the products of cocos nucifera. ii. | 1933 | 16745085 | |
| the kernel-fats of some members of the palmae: acrocomia sclerocarpa mart. (gru-gru palm), manicaria saccifera gaertn., astrocaryum tucuma mart., maximiliana caribaea griseb., attalea excelsa mart. (pallia palm), and cocos nucifera linn. (coconut). | 1933 | 16745241 | |
| the variation in the methoxyl and cellulose values of the fibre of the fruit of cocos nucifera during its growth from infancy of the nut to its ultimate drying on the tree. | 1935 | 16745667 | |
| a putative acyl-coa-binding protein is a major phloem sap protein in rice (oryza sativa l.). | the n-terminal amino-acid sequence of a major rice phloem-sap protein, named rpp10, was determined. rpp10 is encoded by a single gene in the rice genome. its complete amino-acid sequence, predicted from the corresponding rice full-length cdna, showed high similarity to plant acyl-coa-binding proteins (acbps). western blot analysis using anti-acbp antiserum revealed that putative acbp is abundant in the phloem sap of rice plants, and is also present in sieve-tube exudates of winter squash (cucurb ... | 2006 | 16804052 |
| occupational marks in a coconut tree climber. | 2006 | 16880584 | |
| unfertilized ovary: a novel explant for coconut (cocos nucifera l.) somatic embryogenesis. | unfertilized ovaries isolated from immature female flowers of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) were tested as a source of explants for callogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. the correct developmental stage of ovary explants and suitable in vitro culture conditions for consistent callus production were identified. the concentration of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) and activated charcoal was found to be critical for callogenesis. when cultured in a medium containing 100 microm 2,4-d and 0.1% ... | 2007 | 16902798 |
| biochemical profile of coconut water from coconut palms planted in an inland region. | to analyze the biochemical profile of coconut water from dwarf coconut palms planted in non-coastal regions, during the maturation period (sixth to ninth month). | 2013 | 16912834 |
| natural experiments indicate that geomagnetic variations cause spatial and temporal variations in coconut palm asymmetry. | 2006 | 16957133 | |
| analysis of cytokinin nucleotides in coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water using capillary zone electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry after solid-phase extraction. | a method based on solid-phase extraction (spe) and capillary zone electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry (cze-ms/ms) is described for the separation and determination of six cytokinin nucleotides in coconut water. the best cze separation for the six cytokinin nucleotide standards was achieved using a 25 mm ammonium formate/formic acid buffer (ph 3.8) and 2% (v/v) methanol with an applied gradient separation voltage (25 kv for 32 min, and then a linear gradient to 30 kv in 5 min, finally 30 kv ... | 2006 | 16965778 |
| ticks (acari: ixodidae) associated with wildlife and vegetation of haller park along the kenyan coastline. | this artcile describes the results obtained from a tick survey conducted in haller park along the kenyan coastline. the survey aimed at evaluating tick-host associations, assessing tick population density, and providing baseline information for planning future tick control and management in the park. ticks (2,968) were collected by handpicking from eight species of wildlife and by dragging in 14 selected sites within the park. a considerable proportion of ticks were also collected from leaves, s ... | 2006 | 17017210 |
| ethnomedicines used in trinidad and tobago for urinary problems and diabetes mellitus. | this paper is based on ethnobotanical interviews conducted from 1996-2000 in trinidad and tobago with thirty male and female respondents. | 2006 | 17040567 |
| [evaluation of hyalospila ptychis (dyar) (lepidoptera: phycitidae) damage in coconut palm]. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the losses provoked by the moth hyalospila ptychis (dyar) on green-dwarf coconut trees at una, state of bahia, brazil. inflorescences of 100 trees were inspected monthly, from april 1997 to march 1998, in a 15 ha orchard. the number of coconuts per inflorescence, fruits damaged by h. ptychis, and fruit losses due to other causes, were recorded. the number of nuts per inflorescence followed a seasonal variation. the average losses caused by the pest were arou ... | 2006 | 17061801 |
| coconut fats. | in many areas of sri lanka the coconut tree and its products have for centuries been an integral part of life, and it has come to be called the "tree of life". however, in the last few decades, the relationship between coconut fats and health has been the subject of much debate and misinformation. coconut fats account for 80% of the fat intake among sri lankans. around 92% of these fats are saturated fats. this has lead to the belief that coconut fats are 'bad for health', particularly in relati ... | 2006 | 17180807 |
| optimization of ultrasound extraction of phenolic compounds from coconut (cocos nucifera) shell powder by response surface methodology. | coconut is a tropical fruit largely consumed in many countries. in some areas of the brazilian coast, coconut shell represents more than 60% of the domestic waste volume. the coconut shell is composed mainly of lignin and cellulose, having a chemical composition very similar to wood and suitable for phenolic extraction. in this work, the use of ultrasound to extract phenolic compounds from coconut shell was evaluated. the effect of temperature, solution to solid ratio, ph and extraction time wer ... | 2008 | 17400017 |
| the skimmiwallinols--minor components of the epicuticular wax of cocos nucifera. | four new skimmiwallinol derivatives, isoskimmiwallinol acetate (4), skimmiwallinol acetate (5), isoskimmiwallinone (6) and skimmiwallinone (7), along with the previously isolated major components isoskimmiwallin (2) and skimmiwallin (3), have been found in the wax extract of pinnae from cocos nucifera. metabolites 4 and 5 were obtained as an inseparable mixture and identified by analysis of spectroscopic data and chemical correlation with 2 and 3, respectively. metabolites 6 and 7 were identifie ... | 2007 | 17500360 |
| analyses of gibberellins by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry combined with solid-phase extraction. | a new, simple and rapid capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (ce-ms) method, using a cationic polymer-coated capillary to reverse electroosmotic flow, is proposed and validated for the separation and simultaneous quantification of 11 gibberellins (gas). under optimum conditions, a baseline separation of 11 gas, including ga1, ga3, ga4, ga5, ga6, ga7, ga13, ga19, ga20, ga24 and ga53 was accomplished within 25 min using 70 mm ammonium formate/formic acid buffer (ph 3.8) and 2% (v/v) acetoni ... | 2007 | 17543977 |
| identification of molecular markers associated with mite resistance in coconut (cocos nucifera l.). | coconut mite (aceria guerreronis 'keifer') has become a major threat to indian coconut (coçcos nucifera l.) cultivators and the processing industry. chemical and biological control measures have proved to be costly, ineffective, and ecologically undesirable. planting mite-resistant coconut cultivars is the most effective method of preventing yield loss and should form a major component of any integrated pest management stratagem. coconut genotypes, and mite-resistant and -susceptible accessions ... | 2007 | 17546069 |
| identification of a 7s globulin as a novel coconut allergen. | coconut (cocos nucifera) is a monocotyledonous plant of the arecaceae family. allergy to coconut is infrequent, with only 5 cases reported so far in the medical literature. | 2007 | 17601273 |
| effect of mexican medicinal plant used to treat trichomoniasis on trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites. | crude methanolic extracts from 22 mexican medicinal plants were screened for antitrichomonal activity against trichomonas vaginalis, which is the etiological agent of trichomoniasis. among the plants tested carica papaya and cocos nucifera showed the best antitrichomonal activity with ic(50) values of 5.6 and 5.8 microg/ml, respectively. the extracts of bocconia frutescens, geranium mexicanum, and lygodium venustum showed moderate activity with ic(50) values ranging from 30.9 to 60.9 microg/ml. ... | 2007 | 17628366 |
| [biology of amblyseius largoensis (muma) (acari: phytoseiidae), a potential predator of aceria guerreronis keifer (acari: eriophyidae) on coconut trees]. | aceria guerreronis keifer is considered one of the main pests of coconuts around the world. amongst the phytoseiidae recorded on this crop, amblyseius largoensis (muma) has been reported in association with a. guerreronis. in order to verify whether a. largoensis feeds on a. guerreronis, the biology of this predator was evaluated on different food sources, including a. guerreronis. three types of diet were tested [tetranychus urticae koch + castor bean (ricinus communis l.) pollen + honey at 10% ... | 2007 | 17710331 |
| [occurrence of amrineus cocofolius flechtmann (prostigmata: eriophyidae) in coconut fruits (cocos nucifera l.) in cuba]. | the presence of the eriophyid mite, amrineus cocofolius flechtmann, was confirmed in association with equatorial necrotic bands on the coconut fruit epidermis, in different growth areas in the provinces of la habana, granma y guantánamo, cuba, from february 2003 to march 2004. | 2007 | 17710333 |
| the husk fiber of cocos nucifera l. (palmae) is a source of anti-neoplastic activity. | in the present study, we investigated the in vitro anti-tumoral activities of fractions from aqueous extracts of the husk fiber of the typical a and common varieties of cocos nucifera (palmae). cytotoxicity against leukemia cells was determined by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (mtt) assay. cells (2 x 10(4)/well) were incubated with 0, 5, 50 or 500 microg/ml high- or low-molecular weight fractions for 48 h, treated with mtt and absorbance was measured with an el ... | 2007 | 17713650 |
| trypanosomatid flagellate in the phloem of diseased coconut palms. | ultrastructural observations of the phloem of coconut palms affected by "hartrot" disease in suriname have revealed the presence of the plant-infecting flagellate phytomonas in mature sieve tubes. the occurrence of these flagellates during the earliest symptoms of the disease and the correlated increase and spread of the flagellates in the phloem as the disease progresses suggest that the organisms may be pathogenic to the palms. | 1976 | 17739841 |
| erratum. | in eliot marshall's news & comment article "fallout from pacific reaches congress" (14 july, p. 123), rongelap atoll is described as "three-tenths of a square mile of sand and coconut palms." the atoll actually contains about 4 square miles of land surfaces. in addition, the lagoon encompassed by the atoll covers approximately 350 square miles. | 1989 | 17747864 |
| life history of the predatory mites neoseiulus paspalivorus and proctolaelaps bickleyi, candidates for biological control of aceria guerreronis. | the eriophyoid mite aceria guerreronis keifer (eriophyidae), commonly called the coconut mite, is a key pest of coconut fruits. surveys conducted on coconut palms in brazil revealed the predatory mites neoseiulus paspalivorus deleon (phytoseiidae) and proctolaelaps bickleyi bram (ascidae) as the most commonly associated natural enemies of a. guerreronis on coconut fruits. however, virtually nothing is known about the life history of these two predators. we conducted laboratory experiments at 25 ... | 2007 | 17828440 |
| an endemic palm on cocos island near panama mistaken for the coconut palm. | 1940 | 17844532 | |
| some nigerian plants of dermatologic importance. | according to the world health organization (who), 80% of the world's population uses medicinal plants in the treatment of diseases and, in african countries, this rate is much higher. in recent years, however, medicinal plants have represented a primary health source for the pharmaceutical industry. no less than 400 compounds derived from plants are currently used in the preparation of drugs, such as vincristine and vinblastine used in the treatment of cancer. nigerians still depend largely on c ... | 2007 | 17919209 |
| preventing establishment: an inventory of introduced plants in puerto villamil, isabela island, galapagos. | as part of an island-wide project to identify and eradicate potentially invasive plant species before they become established, a program of inventories is being carried out in the urban and agricultural zones of the four inhabited islands in galapagos. this study reports the results of the inventory from puerto villamil, a coastal village representing the urban zone of isabela island. we visited all 1193 village properties to record the presence of the introduced plants. in addition, information ... | 2007 | 17940606 |
| rearing of coconut mite aceria guerreronis and the predatory mite neoseiulus baraki in the laboratory. | a method was developed for the rearing of coconut mite, aceria guerreronis keifer (acari: eriophyidae), and its predatory mite neoseiulus baraki (athias-henriot) (acari: phytoseiidae) on embryo culture seedlings of coconut (cocos nucifera) in the laboratory. seedlings in the ages of <2, 2-4 and 4-6 months were infested with 75 field-collected coconut mites and the population growth was determined up to six weeks after introduction. the populations of coconut mites increased exponentially up to f ... | 2008 | 18058025 |
| [effects of host plants on development and fecundity of brontispa longissima (gestro)]. | with cocos nucifera, hyophorbe lagenicaulis, washingtonia filifera, roystonea regia and areca catechu as test host plants, this paper studied the effects of their un-spread leaves on the development and fecundity of experimental population of brontispa longissima. the results showed that the development duration of one generation b. longissima fed on different hosts varied significantly, with the longest (72.8 days) on w. filifera and the shortest (39.8 days) on h. lagenicaulis. the average pupa ... | 2007 | 18062312 |
| exploration of the acarine fauna on coconut palm in brazil with emphasis on aceria guerreronis (acari: eriophyidae) and its natural enemies. | coconut is an important crop in tropical and subtropical regions. among the mites that infest coconut palms, aceria guerreronis keifer is economically the most important. we conducted surveys throughout the coconut growing areas of brazil. samples were taken from attached coconuts, leaflets, fallen coconuts and inflorescences of coconut palms in 112 localities aiming to determine the occurrence and the distribution of phytophagous mites, particularly a. guerreronis, and associated natural enemie ... | 2008 | 18062836 |
| in vitro antioxidant potential of medicinal plant extracts and their activities against oral bacteria based on brazilian folk medicine. | this study aims to determine antibacterial activities of cocos nucifera (husk fiber), ziziphus joazeiro (inner bark), caesalpinia pyramidalis (leaves), aqueous extracts and aristolochia cymbifera (rhizomes) alcoholic extract against prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis, fusobacterium nucleatum, streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus casei. the antioxidant activity and acute toxicity of these extracts were also evaluated. | 2008 | 18243157 |
| effect of the concentration of inherent mineral elements on the adsorption capacity of coconut shell-based activated carbons. | coconut shells of west africa tall, a local variety of the coconut species cocos nucifera l., were taken from five different geographical locations in ghana and examined for the presence and concentration levels of some selected mineral elements using atomic absorption spectrometer. activated carbons were subsequently made from the shells by the physical method. the iodine adsorption characteristics of the activated carbons measured showed a definite relationship to the concentration levels of p ... | 2008 | 18248981 |
| nematodes of rhynchophorus palmarum, l. (coleoptera: curculionidae), vector of the red ring disease in coconut plantations from the north of the rio de janeiro state. | rhynchophorus palmarum, the palm weevil, has been reported as a pest of palms and sugarcane plants. the red ring disease is an infectious plant disease caused by nematodes. the etiological agent, bursaphelencus (rhadinaphelencus) cocophilus (nematoda: aphelenchoididae), completes its life cycle within 9 to 10 days inside the palm tree. the main symptom is a permanent wilting of the plant aerial parts. previous studies stated that b. cocophilus cohabits with other nematodes the gut of r. palmarum ... | 2008 | 18278512 |
| simultaneous analysis of different classes of phytohormones in coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water using high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry after solid-phase extraction. | coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water, which contains many uncharacterized phytohormones is extensively used as a growth promoting supplement in plant tissue culture. in this paper, a high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of various classes phytohormones, including indole-3-acetic acid (iaa), indole-3-butyric acid (iba), abscisic acid (aba), gibberellic acid (ga), zeatin (z), n(6)-benzyladenine (ba), alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid (naa) a ... | 2008 | 18291140 |
| equilibrium modeling and kinetic studies on the adsorption of basic dye by a low-cost adsorbent: coconut (cocos nucifera) bunch waste. | in this paper, the ability of coconut bunch waste (cbw), an agricultural waste available in large quantity in malaysia, to remove basic dye (methylene blue) from aqueous solution by adsorption was studied. batch mode experiments were conducted at 30 degrees c to study the effects of ph and initial concentration of methylene blue (mb). equilibrium adsorption isotherms and kinetics were investigated. the experimental data were analyzed by the langmuir, freundlich and temkin models of adsorption. t ... | 2008 | 18308467 |
| an unusual suspect: coconut bezoar after laparoscopic roux-en-y gastric bypass. | nausea and vomiting after gastric bypass are common, but some of the underlying causes may be life threatening or, in some cases, unusual. this case report describes a patient who underwent laparoscopic roux-en-y gastric bypass and whose postoperative course was complicated by a bezoar in the gastric pouch. to our knowledge, this is the first published report addressing a coconut bezoar in the gastric pouch after gastric bypass surgery. coconut (cocos nucifera) is known to form emulsions and sus ... | 2008 | 18347881 |
| analyses of gibberellins in coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water by partial filling-micellar electrokinetic chromatography-mass spectrometry with reversal of electroosmotic flow. | in this paper, we present the results of simultaneous screening of eight gibberellins (gas) in coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water by mekc directly coupled to esi-ms detection. during the development of mekc-ms, partial filling (pf) was used to prevent the micelles from reaching the mass spectrometer as this is detrimental to the ms signal, and a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, was added to the electrolyte to reverse the eof. on the basis of the resolution of the neighboring ... | 2008 | 18409157 |
| accumulation of phenylpropanoid derivatives in chitosan-induced cell suspension culture of cocos nucifera. | chitosan-induced elicitation responses of dark-incubated cocos nucifera (coconut) endosperm cell suspension cultures led to the rapid formation of phenylpropanoid derivatives, which essentially mimics the defense-induced biochemical changes in coconut palm as observed under in vivo conditions. an enhanced accumulation of p-hydroxybenzoic acid as the major wall-bound phenolics was evident. this was followed by p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid. along with enhanced peroxidases activities in elicite ... | 2009 | 18448193 |
| simulating coconut growth, development and yield with the infocrop-coconut model. | simulation modeling of perennial crops has immense potential for generating information for plantation managers. we report the development of the infocrop-coconut model and its application to coconut (cocos nucifera l.) growing in diverse tropical and subtropical environments. the model is based on the generic crop model infocrop that simulates various annual crops in tropical and subtropical regions. the infocrop-coconut model was calibrated and validated with data compiled from published studi ... | 2008 | 18450569 |
| [feeding habits of the squirrel sciurus variegatoides (rodentia: sciuridae) in the nicoya peninsula, costa rica]. | food items consumed by the squirrel sciurus variegatoides atrirufus were determined in an agricultural setting in the nicoya peninsula (9 degrees 47' n, 84 degrees 56' w), costa rica, where two life zones (premontane moist forest basal belt transition, and tropical dry forest) predominate. by analyzing the gut contents of 120 squirrels, from february 1987 through january 1988, it was determined that coconut (cocos nucifera), indian almond (terminalia catappa) and flamboyant (delonix regia) were ... | 2006 | 18494334 |
| whole-plant adjustments in coconut (cocos nucifera) in response to sink-source imbalance. | coconut (cocos nucifera l.) is a perennial tropical monocotyledon that produces fruit continuously. the physiological function of the large amounts of sucrose stored in coconut stems is unknown. to test the hypothesis that reserve storage and mobilization enable the crop to adjust to variable sink-source relationships at the scale of the whole plant, we investigated the dynamics of dry matter production, yield and yield components, and concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrate reserves in a c ... | 2008 | 18519251 |
| antiulcerogenic effects of coconut (cocos nucifera) extract in rats. | a warm water crude extract of coconut milk and a coconut water dispersion were investigated for their antiulcerogenic effects in male wistar albino rats. ulcers were induced in the male rats by subcutaneous administration of indomethacin (40 mg/kg) using standard procedures. the ulcer inhibition rate (uir) was taken as a measure of the cytoprotection offered by test substances. coconut milk (2 ml daily oral feeding) produced a stronger percentage (54%) reduction in the mean ulcer area than cocon ... | 2008 | 18521965 |
| correlation between the distribution of lignin and pectin and distribution of sorbed metal ions (lead and zinc) on coir (cocos nucifera l.). | plant fibres are capacious for sorption of metal ions, and can be used in water cleaning. knowledge about the sorption will help in selection of the fibre and optimisation of its chemical modification, if any. the aim of this paper is to investigate the connection, if any, between the distribution of lignin and pectin and the loading of pb and zn on coir (mesocarp fibres from cocos nucifera l.). the coir consisted mainly of xylem and a fibre sheath. the lignin was evenly distributed in the cell ... | 2008 | 18558484 |
| analysis of monoglycerides, diglycerides, sterols, and free fatty acids in coconut (cocos nucifera l.) oil by 31p nmr spectroscopy. | phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( (31)p nmr) was used to differentiate virgin coconut oil (vco) from refined, bleached, deodorized coconut oil (rco). monoglycerides (mgs), diglycerides (dgs), sterols, and free fatty acids (ffas) in vco and rco were converted into dioxaphospholane derivatives and analyzed by (31)p nmr. on the average, 1-mg was found to be higher in vco (0.027%) than rco (0.019%). 2-mg was not detected in any of the samples down to a detection limit of 0.014% ... | 2008 | 18576656 |
| sex ratio and female sexual status of the coconut pest, oryctes monoceros (coleoptera: dynastidae), differ in feeding galleries and pheromone-baited traps. | oryctes monoceros is a serious coconut pest, causing up to 40% damage in tropical africa. synthetic aggregation pheromone, ethyl 4-methyloctanoate, has been used to lure adults to traps. traps with pheromone plus decaying palm material captured a high proportion of males. this raises the question whether individuals, which damage palms are receptive to the pheromone. we studied the sex ratio of the insects feeding on coconuts and those attracted to pheromone traps. sixty two percent of adults fr ... | 2008 | 18662429 |
| enabling mycelial application of hirsutella thompsonii for managing the coconut mite. | laboratory and field studies were conducted to examine the prospect of mycelial application of hirsutella thompsonii as an alternative to the use of mycelial-conidial formulations of the fungus in the suppression of the coconut mite, aceria guerreronis. in a series of laboratory experiments, glycerol, yeast extract powder and dehydrated malt extract broth were found to be the best among nine substances investigated as possible adjuvants for use on coconut palms in the field along with h. thompso ... | 2008 | 18685957 |
| fruit development, not gpp, drives seasonal variation in npp in a tropical palm plantation. | we monitored seasonal variations in net primary production (npp), estimated by allometric equations from organ dimensions, gross primary production (gpp), estimated by the eddy covariance method, autotrophic respiration (r(a)), estimated by a model, and fruit production in a coconut (cocos nucifera l.) plantation located in the sub-tropical south pacific archipelago of vanuatu. net primary production of the vegetative compartments of the trees accumulated steadily throughout the year. fruits acc ... | 2008 | 18765371 |
| population dynamics of aceria guerreronis keifer (acari: eriophyidae) and associated predators on coconut fruits in northeastern brazil. | aceria guerreronis keifer can cause severe damage to coconuts in several countries around the world. rare studies have been conducted to determine the predatory mites associated with a. guerreronis in brazil. the study evaluated the prevalence of a. guerreronis and associated predators on the bracts and on the surface of the fruits underneath the bracts, for 12 months, on coconut palms grown along the coast of the states of alagoas, paraíba and pernambuco, northeastern brazil. mites of 10 famili ... | 2008 | 18813749 |
| detection of a serk-like gene in coconut and analysis of its expression during the formation of embryogenic callus and somatic embryos. | somatic embryogenesis involves different molecular events including differential gene expression and various signal transduction pathways. one of the genes identified in early somatic embryogenesis is s omatic e mbryogenesis r eceptor-like k inase (serk). cocos nucifera (l.) is one of the most recalcitrant species for in vitro regeneration, achieved so far only through somatic embryogenesis, although just a few embryos could be obtained from a single explant. in order to increase efficiency of t ... | 2009 | 18818928 |
| changes in carbohydrate metabolism in coconut palms infected with the lethal yellowing phytoplasma. | abstract lethal yellowing (ly), a disease caused by a phytoplasma, is the most devastating disease affecting coconut (cocos nucifera) in mexico. thousands of coconut palm trees have died on the yucatan peninsula while plantations in central america and on the pacific coast of mexico are severely threatened. polymerase chain reaction assays enable identification of incubating palm trees (stage 0+, phytoplasma detected but palm asymptomatic). with the development of ly, palm trees exhibit various ... | 2003 | 18943864 |
| specific identification of coconut tinangaja viroid for differential field diagnosis of viroids in coconut palm. | abstract tinangaja is a widespread lethal disease of putative viroid etiology affecting coconut palm on the island of guam. determination of its distribution and mode of spread requires a simple and reliable diagnostic procedure that is specific for the associated coconut tinangaja viroid (ctivd). a method of extracting tissue followed by analytical agarose gel electrophoresis for ctivd detection has been developed and used to identify the viroid in leaf samples of suspect symptomatic palms grow ... | 1998 | 18944882 |
| studies on nest construction and nest microclimate of the baya weaver, ploceus philippinus (linn.). | the nest construction pattern at different stages of nest and variations in the nest microclimate, i.e., temperature and light intensity were assessed in different nests of baya weaver (ploceus philippinus) between november 2002 and march 2003 in nagapattinam and tiruvarur district of tamil nadu, india. the baya weaver constructed nests in palm (borassus flabellifer), coconut (cocos nucifera) and date palm trees (phoneix psuilla) and majority of the nests were found in the solitary palm. the mal ... | 2008 | 18972698 |
| an ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in chandauli district of uttar pradesh, india. | chandauli district is one of the less studied regions of india for its ethnobotanical values. the present paper synthesizes the first report related to the documentation and conservation of ethnomedicinal plants of chandauli district and their socio-economic relationship with the forests and its resources. | 2009 | 19022368 |
| anthelmintic activity of cocos nucifera l. against sheep gastrointestinal nematodes. | the development of anthelmintic resistance has made the search for alternatives to control gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants imperative. among these alternatives are several medicinal plants traditionally used as anthelmintics. this work evaluated the efficacy of cocos nucifera fruit on sheep gastrointestinal parasites. the ethyl acetate extract obtained from the liquid of green coconut husk fiber (lgchf) was submitted to in vitro and in vivo tests. the in vitro assay was based on eg ... | 2009 | 19042088 |
| distribution and ratios of 137cs and k in control and k-treated coconut trees at bikini island where nuclear test fallout occurred: effects and implications. | coconut trees growing on atolls of the bikini islands are on the margin of k deficiency because the concentration of exchangeable k in coral soil is very low, ranging from only 20 to 80mgkg(-1). when provided with additional k, coconut trees absorb large quantities of k and this uptake of k significantly alters the patterns of distribution of 137cs within the plant. following a single k fertilization event, mean total k in trunks of k-treated trees is 5.6 times greater than in trunks of control ... | 2009 | 19064306 |
| identification and structural insights of three novel antimicrobial peptides isolated from green coconut water. | infections caused by pathogenic bacteria could cause an expressive negative impact on human health. a significant enhance in resistance to commercial antibiotics has been observed in all kinds of pathogenic bacteria. in order to find novel approaches to control such common infections, a wide number of defense peptides with bactericidal properties have been characterized. in this report, three peptides lower than 3kda were purified and identified from green coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water by us ... | 2009 | 19111587 |
| cryopreservation by encapsulation-dehydration of plumules of coconut (cocos nucifera l.). | this study describes the use of an encapsulation-dehydration cryopreservation technique on coconut plumules (apical dome with three or four leaf primordia) excised from embryos. in order to establish a reliable cryopreservation process for plumules, several different key factors were tested: pretreatment duration, sugar concentration, dehydration period and freezing. in parallel, histological studies were performed to describe the structural changes of tissues and plumule cells subjected to dehy ... | 2008 | 19137197 |
| effect of ph and ionic strength on the physicochemical properties of coconut milk emulsions. | coconut milk (16% to 17% fat, 1.8% to 2% protein) was extracted from coconut (cocos nucifera l.) endosperm and diluted in buffer to produce natural oil-in-water emulsions (10 wt% oil). the effect of ph (3 to 7) and nacl (0 to 200 mm) on the properties and stability, namely, mean particle size, zeta-potential, viscosity, microstructure, and creaming stability, of the natural coconut milk emulsions was investigated. at ph values close to the isoelectric point (iep) of the coconut proteins (ph 3.5 ... | 2008 | 19241548 |
| description of tylenchorhynchus qasimii sp. n. with a new report of t. kegasawaiminagawa, 1995 from pakistan. | a new stunt nematode, from soil around the roots of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) and rice (oryza sativa l.) from karachi, pakistan, is described and illustrated as tylenchorhynchus qasimii n. sp. this new species is characterized by having females with 3-4 head annules, anteriorly directed stylet knobs, absence of post anal extension, presence of rounded sperm filled spermatheca and conoid to bluntly rounded hemispherical tail terminus. males are common. also included is the record of t. kegasawa ... | 2008 | 19259514 |
| evolution of parasitism in insect-transmitted plant nematodes. | nematode-insect associations have evolved many times in the phylum nematoda, but these lineages involve plant parasitism only in the secernentean orders aphelenchida and tylenchida. in the aphelenchida (aphelenchoidoidea), bursaphelenchus xylophilus (pine wood nematode), b. cocophilus (red ring or coconut palm nematode) (parasitaphelenchidae), and the many potential host-specific species of schistonchus (fig nematodes) (aphelenchoididae) nematode-insect interactions probably evolved independentl ... | 2003 | 19265987 |
| association of the red ring nematode and other nematode species with the palm weevil, rhynchophorus palmarum. | the palm weevil, rhynchophorus palmarum (l.), was collected in cocoons from red ring-diseased coconut palms (cocos nucifera l.) in trinidad and tobago. juveniles of five species of nematodes were extracted from the genitalia and macerated bodies of newly emerged adults of the palm weevil: rhadinaphelenchus cocophilus (cobb) goodey (the red ring nematode), teratorhabditis sp., diplogasteritus sp., mononchoides sp., and bursaphelenchus sp. over 90% of newly emerged weevil females and males were in ... | 1990 | 19287703 |
| teratorhabditis palmarum n. sp. (nemata: rhabditidae): an associate of rhynchophorus palmarum and r. cruentatus. | teratorhabditis palmarum n. sp., an associate of the palm weevils rhynchophorus palmarum and r. cruentatus is described. teratorhabditis palmarum was isolated from newly emerged adults and cocoons of r. palmarum from red-ring diseased coconut palms, cocos nucifera, in trinidad and ecuador, and from red-ring diseased oil palms, elaeis guineensis, in colombia. teratorhabditis palmarum was also associated internally with newly emerged adults of r. cruentatus from mature transplanted cabbage palmett ... | 1990 | 19287730 |
| aeroallergens in clinical practice of allergy in india- aria asia pacific workshop report. | allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis are dramatically increasing all over the world including developing countries like india. today, more than 30% of the population is known to suffer from one or other allergic ailment. major causative agents implicated are pollen grains, fungal spores, dust mites, insect debris, animal epithelia, etc. several aerobiological studies have been conducted in different parts of the country to ascertain aerial concentra ... | 2008 | 19317344 |
| [can euseius alatus deleon (acari: phytoseiidae) prey on aceria guerreronis keifer (acari: eriophyidae) in coconut palm?]. | mites of the genus euseius are generally considered specialist as pollen feeders. euseius alatus deleon is one of the six species of phytoseiid mites most commonly found on coconut plants in northeast brazil associated with aceria guerreronis keifer. although the morphology of e. alatus does not favor the exploitation of the meristematic area of the fruit inhabited by a. guerreronis, the predator may have some role in the control of this eriophyid during the dispersion process. the objective of ... | 2009 | 19347108 |
| purification and characterization of a serine protease (cesp) from mature coconut endosperm. | in plants, proteases execute an important role in the overall process of protein turnover during seed development, germination and senescence. the limited knowledge on the proteolytic machinery that operates during seed development in coconut (cocos nucifera l.) prompted us to search for proteases in the coconut endosperm. | 2009 | 19426537 |
| characterization of the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities from cocos nucifera l. (palmae). | cocos nucifera cultivated in brazil is known as "coco-da-bahia" or "coqueiro-da-india". the tea from the husk fiber is widely used to several inflammatory disorders. crude extract and fractions obtained from cocos nucifera "common variety" were evaluated to test the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities. | 2009 | 19429325 |
| [parisoschoenus obesulus casey (coleoptera: curculionidae) is not a pest of young coconut tree fruits]. | this study aimed to evaluate if parisoschoenus obesulus casey only attacks naturally aborting coconuts and, consequently, is not a pest of young fruits of coconut tree. aiming to test this hypothesis, inflorescences at diverse stages of physiological development were offered to individuals of p. obesulus. the results showed that only aborting fruits were colonized by p. obesulus corroborating the established hypothesis. | 2009 | 19488515 |
| anthelmintic activity of cocos nucifera l. on intestinal nematodes of mice. | in this study, we evaluated the anthelmintic activity of the liquid extracted from the bark of the green coconut (lbgc), as well as butanol extract obtained from lbgc, on mouse intestinal nematodes. thirty-six naturally infected mice were distributed into six groups receiving the following treatments: group i: 1000 mg/kg of lbgc; group ii: 2000 mg/kg of lbgc; group iii: 500 mg/kg of butanol extract; group iv: 1000 mg/kg of butanol extract; group v: 0.56 mg/kg febendazole; and group vi: 3% dimeth ... | 2010 | 19505703 |
| skimmiwallinin, an additional skimmiwallinol derivative from the cuticular wax of cocos nucifera. | agno3-impregnated prep-tlc purification of the wax extract of cocos nucifera allowed the isolation and identification of skimmiwallinin as an additional skimmiwallinol derivative from the cuticular wax of coconut palms. identification was based on the comparison of its spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature. | 2009 | 19521908 |
| modelling the growth of listeria monocytogenes in fresh green coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water. | the behaviour of listeria monocytogenes in the fresh coconut water stored at 4 degrees c, 10 degrees c and 35 degrees c was studied. the coconut water was aseptically extracted from green coconuts (cocos nucifera l.) and samples were inoculated in triplicate with a mixture of 5 strains of l. monocytogenes with a mean population of approximately 3 log(10) cfu/ml. the kinetic parameters of the bacteria were estimated from the baranyi model, and compared with predictions of the pathogen modelling p ... | 2009 | 19527842 |
| efficacy of sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid in sanitizing green coconuts. | to evaluate the efficacy of sanitizing green coconuts (cocos nucifera l.) through the treatment applied by juice industries using sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid. | 2009 | 19627481 |
| development of a heavy metal sorption system through the p=s functionalization of coconut (cocos nucifera) fibers. | lignocellulosic residues are interesting materials for the production of heavy metal adsorbents for aquatic systems. whole fibers taken from coconut (cocos nucifera) husks were functionalized with the thiophosphoryl (p=s) group by means of the direct reaction with cl(3)ps, (ch(3)o)(2)clp=s or (ch(3)ch(2)o)(2)clp=s in order to obtain an adsorptive system for 'soft' metal ions, particularly cd(2+). these functionalized fibers (ffs) were characterized by means of elemental analysis, infrared spectr ... | 2010 | 19716694 |
| diet-dependent life history, feeding preference and thermal requirements of the predatory mite neoseiulus baraki (acari: phytoseiidae). | neoseiulus baraki athias-henriot (acari: phytoseiidae) has been reported from the americas, africa and asia, often in association with aceria guerreronis keifer (acari: eriophyidae), one of the most important pests of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) in different parts of the world. that phytoseiid has been considered one of the most common predators associated with a. guerreronis in brazil. the objective of this study was to evaluate the feeding preference and the effect of food items commonly prese ... | 2010 | 19774469 |
| stomach nematodes (mastophorus muris) in rats (rattus rattus) are associated with coconut (cocos nucifera) habitat at palmyra atoll. | black rats ( rattus rattus ) and their stomach nematodes (mastophorus muris) were historically introduced to islets at palmyra atoll in the central pacific line islands. to investigate patterns of parasitism, we trapped rats and quantified nematodes on 13 islets of various sizes and habitat types. most rats were parasitized (59%) with an average of 12 worms per infected rat. islet size did not greatly influence parasite population biology. nematodes also did not appear to affect rat condition (w ... | 2010 | 19799487 |
| phylogenetic analysis of seven wrky genes across the palm subtribe attaleinae (arecaceae) [corrected] identifies syagrus as sister group of the coconut. | the cocoseae is one of 13 tribes of arecaceae subfam. arecoideae, and contains a number of palms with significant economic importance, including the monotypic and pantropical cocos nucifera l., the coconut, the origins of which have been one of the "abominable mysteries" of palm systematics for decades. previous studies with predominantly plastid genes weakly supported american ancestry for the coconut but ambiguous sister relationships. in this paper, we use multiple single copy nuclear loci to ... | 2009 | 19806212 |
| radiation doses for marshall islands atolls affected by u.s. nuclear testing: all exposure pathways, remedial measures, and environmental loss of (137)cs. | radiation doses calculated for people resettling bikini island at bikini atoll, enjebi island at enewetak atoll, rongelap island at rongelap atoll, and utrōk island at utrōk atoll are presented. residence is assumed to begin in 2010. in previous dose assessments it was shown that (137)cs accounts for about 98% of the total dose for returning residents. about 85 to 90% (depending on the atoll) is via consumption of locally grown foods containing (137)cs, and about 10 to 15% is due to external exp ... | 2010 | 19959945 |
| in vitro cultivation and morphological characterization of phloemic trypanosomatids isolated from coconut trees. | plant trypanosomatids cause lethal vascular wilting in palms of the arecaceae family. infections, affecting plants in south and central america, can result in significant economic loss. the study of trypanosomatids that cause these diseases has been complicated due to the inability to culture these organisms for in vitro analyses. to develop a protocol that would facilitate studies of trypanosomatids, continuous in vitro cultures of phloemic trypanosomatids were established from apical stems of ... | 2010 | 20002871 |
| the chemical composition and biological properties of coconut (cocos nucifera l.) water. | coconut water (coconut liquid endosperm), with its many applications, is one of the world's most versatile natural product. this refreshing beverage is consumed worldwide as it is nutritious and beneficial for health. there is increasing scientific evidence that supports the role of coconut water in health and medicinal applications. coconut water is traditionally used as a growth supplement in plant tissue culture/micropropagation. the wide applications of coconut water can be justified by its ... | 2009 | 20032881 |