| cell surface structure enhancing uptake of polyvinyl alcohol (pva) is induced by pva in the pva-utilizing sphingopyxis sp. strain 113p3. | polyvinyl alcohol (pva)-utilizing sphingopyxis sp. 113p3 (re-identified from sphingomonas sp. 113p3) removed almost 0.5% pva from culture supernatants in 4 days. faster degradation of 0.5% pva was performed by the periplasmic fraction. the average molecular size of pva in the culture supernatant or cell-bound pva was gradually shifted higher, suggesting that lower molecular size molecules are degraded faster. depolymerized products were found in neither the culture supernatant nor the cell-bound ... | 2007 | 17453173 |
| identification of an il-17-producing nk1.1(neg) inkt cell population involved in airway neutrophilia. | invariant natural killer t (inkt) cells are an important source of both t helper type 1 (th1) and th2 cytokines, through which they can exert beneficial, as well as deleterious, effects in a variety of inflammatory diseases. this functional heterogeneity raises the question of how far phenotypically distinct subpopulations are responsible for such contrasting activities. in this study, we identify a particular set of inkt cells that lack the nk1.1 marker (nk1.1(neg)) and secrete high amounts of ... | 2007 | 17470641 |
| sphingomonas mucosissima sp. nov. and sphingomonas desiccabilis sp. nov., from biological soil crusts in the colorado plateau, usa. | two bacterial strains, cp173-2(t) and cp1d(t), were isolated from biological soil crusts (bscs) collected in the colorado plateau, usa. both strains were pigmented, gram-negative, non-motile rods and produced abundant mucus. they contained c(16 : 0), c(18 : 1)omega7c and c(14 : 0) 2-oh as the predominant cellular fatty acids, ubiquinone-10 as the isoprenoid quinone and sphingoglycolipid. based on the above characteristics, the isolates were assigned to the family sphingomonadaceae; 16 rrna gene ... | 2007 | 17473253 |
| benzo[a]pyrene degradation by sphingomonas yanoikuyae jar02. | batch experiments were conducted to characterize the degradation of benzo[a]pyrene, a representative high molecular weight (hmw) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah), by sphingomonas yanoikuyae jar02. concentrations up to the solubility limit (1.2 microg l(-1)) of benzo[a]pyrene were completely removed from solution within 20 h when the bacterium was grown on salicylate. additional experiments with [(14)c]7-benzo[a]pyrene demonstrated 3.8% mineralization over 7 days when salicylate was present ... | 2008 | 17482734 |
| biological pretreatment with two bacterial strains for enzymatic hydrolysis of office paper. | the cellulose-hydrolyzing strains, sphingomonas paucimobilis mk1 and bacillus circulans mk2, were separated from soil and were grown together in a single culture plate. growth b. circulans mk2 in liquid culture required symbiosis with s. paucimobilis mk1. biological pretreatment with the combined strain suspension after the liquid culture improved enzymatic hydrolysis of office paper from municipal wastes. sugar recovery by s. paucimobilis mk1 (51%) was 1.4 times higher than that of the untreate ... | 2007 | 17487532 |
| biodegradation kinetics of select polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) mixtures by sphingomonas paucimobilis epa505. | many contaminated sites commonly have complex mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) whose individual microbial biodegradation may be altered in mixtures. biodegradation kinetics for fluorene, naphthalene, 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene and 1-methylfluorene were evaluated in sole substrate, binary and ternary systems using sphingomonas paucimobilis epa505. the first order rate constants for fluorene, naphthalene, 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene, and 1-methylfluorene were comparable; yet monod para ... | 2008 | 17534722 |
| papaya shoot tip associated endophytic bacteria isolated from in vitro cultures and host-endophyte interaction in vitro and in vivo. | fourteen distinct bacterial clones were isolated from surface-sterilized shoot tips (approximately 1 cm) of papaya (carica papaya l. 'surya') planted on murashige and skoog (ms)-based papaya culture medium (23/50 nos.) during the 2-4 week period following in vitro culturing. these isolates were ascribed to six gram-negative genera, namely pantoea (p. ananatis), enterobacter (e. cloacae), brevundimonas (b. aurantiaca), sphingomonas, methylobacterium (m. rhodesianum), and agrobacterium (a. tumefac ... | 2007 | 17538647 |
| investigation of microbial communities on reverse osmosis membranes used for process water production. | in the present study, the diversity and the phylogenetic affiliation of bacteria in a biofouling layer on reverse osmosis (ro) membranes were determined. fresh surface water was used as a feed in a membrane-based water purification process. total dna was extracted from attached cells from feed spacer, ro membrane and product spacer. universal primers were used to amplify the bacterial 16s rrna genes. the biofilm community was analysed by 16s rrna-gene-targeted denaturing gradient gel electrophor ... | 2007 | 17546985 |
| sphingomonas pseudosanguinis sp. nov., isolated from the water reservoir of an air humidifier. | a yellow-pigmented bacterial isolate, strain g1-2(t), obtained from the surface of an air humidifier, was characterized taxonomically. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, physiological characterization and estimation of the ubiquinone and polar lipid patterns and fatty acid composition revealed that strain g1-2(t) was similar to sphingomonas yabuuchiae and sphingomonas sanguinis, but also showed pronounced differences. on the basis of these results, a novel species of the genus sphingomonas is desc ... | 2007 | 17551055 |
| enhanced degradation of benzo[a]pyrene by mycobacterium sp. in conjunction with green alga. | previous work in this laboratory has confirmed that the bacteria mycobacterium sp. strain rjgii.135 and sphingomonas yanoikuyae strain b1 and the green alga selanastrum capricornutum strain utex 1648 degrade benzo[a]pyrene (bap) to various bap intermediates. s. capricornutum was first grown with bap for 4 days. the organic extract of this media was then introduced into separate cultures of strain rjgii.135 and strain b1; separate cultures were grown with bap for comparison. cultures grown with b ... | 2007 | 17555789 |
| molecular characterization of membrane-associated soluble serine palmitoyltransferases from sphingobacterium multivorum and bdellovibrio stolpii. | serine palmitoyltransferase (spt) is a key enzyme in sphingolipid biosynthesis and catalyzes the decarboxylative condensation of l-serine and palmitoyl coenzyme a (coa) to form 3-ketodihydrosphingosine (kds). eukaryotic spts comprise tightly membrane-associated heterodimers belonging to the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp)-dependent alpha-oxamine synthase family. sphingomonas paucimobilis, a sphingolipid-containing bacterium, contains an abundant water-soluble homodimeric spt of the same family (h. ... | 2007 | 17557831 |
| degradation pathway of bisphenol a: does ipso substitution apply to phenols containing a quaternary alpha-carbon structure in the para position? | the degradation of bisphenol a and nonylphenol involves the unusual rearrangement of stable carbon-carbon bonds. some nonylphenol isomers and bisphenol a possess a quaternary alpha-carbon atom as a common structural feature. the degradation of nonylphenol in sphingomonas sp. strain ttnp3 occurs via a type ii ipso substitution with the presence of a quaternary alpha-carbon as a prerequisite. we report here a new degradation pathway of bisphenol a. consequent to the hydroxylation at position c-4, ... | 2007 | 17557840 |
| the structure of serine palmitoyltransferase; gateway to sphingolipid biosynthesis. | sphingolipid biosynthesis commences with the condensation of l-serine and palmitoyl-coa to produce 3-ketodihydrosphingosine (kds). this reaction is catalysed by the plp-dependent enzyme serine palmitoyltransferase (spt; ec 2.3.1.50), which is a membrane-bound heterodimer (spt1/spt2) in eukaryotes such as humans and yeast and a cytoplasmic homodimer in the gram-negative bacterium sphingomonas paucimobilis. unusually, the outer membrane of s. paucimobilis contains glycosphingolipid (gsl) instead o ... | 2007 | 17559874 |
| a novel pathway for the biodegradation of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane by a xanthomonas sp. strain ich12. | to isolate gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (hch)-degrading bacteria from contaminated soil and characterize the metabolites formed and the genes involved in the degradation pathway. | 2007 | 17578411 |
| parameters controlling the gene-targeting frequency at the sphingomonas species rrn site and expression of the methyl parathion hydrolase gene. | to investigate the key parameters controlling the exogenous methyl parathion hydrolase (mph) gene mpd-targeting frequency at the ribosomal rna operon (rrn) site of sphingomonas species which has a wide range of biotechnological applications. | 2007 | 17578423 |
| bacterial synthesis of poly(hydroxybutyrate- co-hydroxyvalerate) using carbohydrate-rich mahua (madhuca sp.) flowers. | the objective of the present work was to utilize an unrefined natural substrate namely mahua (madhuca sp.) flowers, as a carbon source for the production of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) copolymer by bacillus sp-256. | 2007 | 17584466 |
| bacterial community composition and structure of biofilms developing on nanofiltration membranes applied to wastewater treatment. | the structure and microbial communities of biofilms developing on cross-flow nanofiltration (nf) membranes at different temperatures (20, 25 or 34 degrees c) and operation lengths (8h-24days) were studied. feedwater comprised tertiary quality wastewater effluent or synthetic media mimicking effluents of intermediate quality. after each run, the membranes were autopsied for bacterial enumeration, bacterial community composition and microscopy visualization (sem, clsm and afm/nsom). community comp ... | 2007 | 17585989 |
| sphingomonas astaxanthinifaciens sp. nov., a novel astaxanthin-producing bacterium of the family sphingomonadaceae isolated from misasa, tottori, japan. | a red-pigmented, gram-negative, motile, strictly aerobic, mesophilic, oval- or short rod-shaped bacterium (tdma-17(t)) was isolated from fresh water collected at misasa, a radioactive site in japan. tdma-17(t) was slightly tolerant against gamma-ray irradiation, and effectively produced carotenoids (2.8 mg g(-1) dry cells) including, astaxanthin and astaxanthin isomers. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences placed tdma-17(t) in a distinct lineage in the family sphingomonadaceae, ... | 2007 | 17590230 |
| novel aspects of symbiotic (polyvinyl alcohol) biodegradation. | a new polyvinyl alcohol (pva)-degrading bacterium was isolated from activated sludge sampled during a waste water treatment process and identified as sphingomonas sp. its pva oxidase activity and alcohol dehydrogenase activity for various low-molecular-weight secondary alcohols were detected. both activities were associated with cells of the degrader, and they were not extracellular. under optimal conditions, the isolate was able to degrade 500 mg of pva per litre in 2 weeks. the strain required ... | 2007 | 17594087 |
| septic shock caused by sphingomonas paucimobilis bacteremia in a patient with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | sphingomonas paucimobilis is an aerobic gram-negative bacillus that causes a variety of infections in healthy as well as in immunocompromised individuals. the organism is usually susceptible to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and carbapenems. however, resistance to penicillins and the first-generation cephalosporins is commonly encountered. reported here is a patient with acute myeloid leukemia who developed s. paucimobilis bacteremia complicated by ... | 2008 | 17605729 |
| chlorophenol hydroxylase activity encoded by tfdb from 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d)-degrading bradyrhizobium sp. strain rd5-c2. | the tfdb gene encoding chlorophenol hydroxylase and its homolog were found in 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d)-degrading strain rd5-c2, which belongs to bradyrhizobium sp. of alpha-proteobacteria. the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence identities of the two genes, designated tfdba and tfdbb, were 60% and 57% respectively. their nucleotide sequences most closely matched those of previously reported tfdb, which consisted of those from 2,4-d-degrading beta- and gamma-proteobacteria an ... | 2007 | 17617713 |
| sphingomonas jaspsi sp. nov., a novel carotenoid-producing bacterium isolated from misasa, tottori, japan. | a yellow-pigmented, gram-negative, motile, strictly aerobic, pleomorphic bacterium (strain tdma-16(t)) was isolated from a freshwater sample collected at misasa (tottori, japan). strain tdma-16(t) was slightly tolerant to gamma-ray irradiation and produced carotenoids, including zeaxanthin, nostoxanthin and an unknown carotenoid, effectively [1.7 mg (g dry cells)(-1)]. the dna g+c content of strain tdma-16(t) was 63.3 mol%. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences placed strain tdm ... | 2007 | 17625171 |
| sphingomonas kaistensis sp. nov., a novel alphaproteobacterium containing puflm genes. | three gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming short rods (strains pb56(t), pb180, pb229) were isolated from soil in south korea. cells were orange-red in colour. strains pb180 and pb229 contained small amounts of bacteriochlorophyll a, which was not detected in strain pb56(t). however, all three isolates contained the genes for the photosynthetic type ii reaction centre, puflm. they contained q-10 as the dominant quinone and c(18 : 1) as the dominant fatty acid. the highest 16s rrna gene se ... | 2007 | 17625188 |
| identification of yellow-pigmented bacteria isolated from hospital tap water in japan and their chlorine resistance. | twenty-five yellow chromogenic strains isolated from hospital tap water samples collected nationwide were identified by partial 16s rdna sequencing. in addition, the chlorine resistance of the isolates was experimentally investigated. the results showed that of the strains tested, 12 strains (48.0%) were sphingomonas ursincola/natatoria, which was most frequently identified, followed by 2 strains (8.0%) of mycobacterium frederiksbergense and 1 strain (4.0%) each of sphingomonas adhaesiva, sphing ... | 2007 | 17629244 |
| [bioremediation of fenpropathrin-contaminated soil by sphingomonas sp.jql4-5]. | jql4-5 (sphingomonas sp.), a fenpropathrin-degrading strain isolated from soils exposed to repeated pesticides contamination, was used in this work to study factors affecting its degrading capacity of fenpropathrin in soil microcosms. in sterilized soil, the degradation rates of fenpropathrin by jql4-5 were faster than those in unsterilized soil. various factors, including soil ph, temperature, initial fenitrothion concentration, and inoculum size influenced its degradation efficiency. the addit ... | 2007 | 17633189 |
| aerobic degradation of lindane (gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane) in bacteria and its biochemical and molecular basis. | gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-hch, also called gamma-bhc and lindane) is a halogenated organic insecticide that causes serious environmental problems. the aerobic degradation pathway of gamma-hch was extensively revealed in bacterial strain sphingobium japonicum (formerly sphingomonas paucimobilis) ut26. gamma-hch is transformed to 2,5-dichlorohydroquinone through sequential reactions catalyzed by lina, linb, and linc, and then 2,5-dichlorohydroquinone is further metabolized by lind, line, ... | 2007 | 17634937 |
| isolation and identification of a novel microcystin-degrading bacterium from a biological sand filter. | a novel bacterium capable of degrading two microcystin analogues, microcystin-lr and -la (mclr and mcla), was isolated from a biological sand filter which was previously shown to effectively remove these toxins from source waters. based on phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna gene sequence, the isolated organism, lh21, most likely belonged to the genus sphingopyxis and of the previously cultured species clustered with sphingopyxis witflariensis. using polymerase chain reaction (pcr), isolate lh ... | 2007 | 17640697 |
| influence of solution ionic strength on the collision efficiency distribution and predicted transport distance of a sphingomonas sp. flowing through porous media. | the effects of solution ionic strength on the collision efficiency (alpha) distribution of a sphingomonas sp. were investigated using multiple sand columns of varying lengths and analyzing the bacteria clean-bed breakthrough concentrations using a distributed colloid filtration theory (d-cft). five different probability density functions (pdfs) were investigated and all accurately replicated the lab-scale experimental data, whereas a single alpha value could not. the alpha distribution shifted t ... | 2007 | 17644150 |
| degradation of 3-o-methylgallate in sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6 by pathways involving protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase. | sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6 converts vanillate and syringate to protocatechuate and 3-o-methylgallate (3mga), respectively. 3mga is metabolized via multiple pathways involving 3mga 3,4-dioxygenase, protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase (ligab), and gallate dioxygenase whereas protocatechuate is degraded via the protocatechuate 4,5-cleavage pathway. here the secondary role of ligab in syringate metabolism is investigated. the reaction product of 3mga catalyzed by his-tagged ligab was identified as ... | 2007 | 17645527 |
| bacterial contamination of water in dental unit reservoirs. | the aim of this study was bacteriological assessment of water in dental unit reservoirs--concentration and composition of the aerobe and facultative anaerobe bacterial microflora. reservoir water samples were taken from 25 units. bacterial flora were determined with the plate culture method. bacteria were identified with biochemical microtests: api 20e, api 20ne (biomérieux, france) and gp2 microplatetm (biolog, usa). the concentration of total bacteria isolated from one site was 201,039 cfu/ml, ... | 2007 | 17655191 |
| molecular bacterial community analysis of clean rooms where spacecraft are assembled. | molecular bacterial community composition was characterized from three geographically distinct spacecraft-associated clean rooms to determine whether such populations are influenced by the surrounding environment or the maintenance of the clean rooms. samples were collected from facilities at the jet propulsion laboratory (jpl), kennedy space flight center (ksc), and johnson space center (jsc). nine clone libraries representing different surfaces within the spacecraft facilities and three librar ... | 2007 | 17655710 |
| 4-sulfomuconolactone hydrolases from hydrogenophaga intermedia s1 and agrobacterium radiobacter s2. | the 4-carboxymethylen-4-sulfo-but-2-en-olide (4-sulfomuconolactone) hydrolases from hydrogenophaga intermedia strain s1 and agrobacterium radiobacter strain s2 are part of a modified protocatechuate pathway responsible for the degradation of 4-sulfocatechol. in both strains, the hydrolase-encoding genes occur downstream of those encoding the enzymes that catalyze the lactonization of 3-sulfomuconate. the deduced amino acid sequences of the 4-sulfomuconolactone hydrolases demonstrated the highest ... | 2007 | 17660282 |
| interaction of higher plant (jute), electrofused bacteria and mycorrhiza on anthracene biodegradation. | the interaction of bacteria, mycorrhiza and jute (corchotus capsulari, a higher plant) to reduce anthracene in different concentrations of spiked soils was investigated. dominant indigenous bacterium (pseudomonas sp.) isolated in the rhizosphere of jute was electrofused with anthracene degraders (sphingomonas paucimobilis and pseudomonas aeruginosa) which were able to produce different types of biosurfactants. the highest population (56 x 10(5)cfu/g) was found in the planted soil with the inocul ... | 2008 | 17662599 |
| isolation of bacterial endophytes from germinated maize kernels. | the germination of surface-sterilized maize kernels under aseptic conditions proved to be a suitable method for isolation of kernel-associated bacterial endophytes. bacterial strains identified by partial 16s rrna gene sequencing as pantoea sp., microbacterium sp., frigoribacterium sp., bacillus sp., paenibacillus sp., and sphingomonas sp. were isolated from kernels of 4 different maize cultivars. genus pantoea was associated with a specific maize cultivar. the kernels of this cultivar were ofte ... | 2007 | 17668041 |
| biochemical characterization and phylogenetic analysis of udp-glucose dehydrogenase from the gellan gum producer sphingomonas elodea atcc 31461. | sphingomonas elodea atcc 31461 synthesizes in high yield the exopolysaccharide gellan, which is a water-soluble gelling agent with many applications. in this study, we describe the cloning and sequence analysis of the ugdg gene, encoding a udp-glucose dehydrogenase (47.2 kda; udpg-dh; ec 1.1.1.22), required for the synthesis of the gellan gum precursor udp-glucuronic acid. ugdg protein shows homology to members of the udp-glucose/gdp-mannose dehydrogenase superfamily. the neighbor-joining method ... | 2007 | 17668199 |
| degradation of diphenyl phthalate by sphingomonas chungbukensis. | more than 80% of diphenyl phthalate (dpp) at 100 mg l(-1) was degraded by sphingomonas chungbukensis kctc 2955 in a mineral salts medium at ph 7.0 and 30 degrees c within 48 h. the maximum specific degradation rate was 5 mg dpp l(-1 )h(-1). it was rapidly converted to monophenyl phthalate and phthalic acid which were further degraded. | 2008 | 17673949 |
| biofilm interactions between distinct bacterial genera isolated from drinking water. | in the environment, multiple microorganisms coexist as communities, competing for resources and often associated as biofilms. in this study, single- and dual-species biofilm formation by, and specific activities of, six heterotrophic intergeneric bacteria were determined using 96-well polystyrene plates over a 72-h period. these bacteria were isolated from drinking water and identified by partial 16s rrna gene sequencing. a series of planktonic studies was also performed, assessing the bacterial ... | 2007 | 17675433 |
| combination enzyme therapy for gastric digestion of dietary gluten in patients with celiac sprue. | celiac sprue is a multifactorial disease characterized by an inflammatory response to ingested gluten in the small intestine. proteolytically resistant, proline- and glutamine-rich gluten peptides from wheat, rye, and barley persist in the intestinal lumen and elicit an immune response in genetically susceptible persons. we investigated a new combination enzyme product, consisting of a glutamine-specific endoprotease (ep-b2 from barley) and a prolyl endopeptidase (sc pep from sphingomonas capsul ... | 2007 | 17681168 |
| sphingomonas fennica sp. nov. and sphingomonas haloaromaticamans sp. nov., outliers of the genus sphingomonas. | bacterial isolates obtained from polychlorophenol-contaminated sites in finland (strain k101(t)) and from a dutch drinking water well (strain a175(t)) were characterized taxonomically. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, determination of dna g+c content, physiological characterization, estimation of the ubiquinone and polar lipid patterns and fatty acid content revealed that strains k101(t) and a175(t) were similar to sphingomonas wittichii rw1(t) but also showed pronounced differences. the dna g+c ... | 2007 | 17684248 |
| analysis of the role of lina and linb in biodegradation of delta-hexachlorocyclohexane. | commercial formulations of hexachlorocyclohexane (hch) consist of a mixture of four isomers, alpha, beta, gamma and delta. all these four isomers are toxic and recalcitrant pollutants. sphingobium (formerly sphingomonas) sp. strain bhc-a is able to degrade all four hch isomers. eight lin genes responsible for the degradation of gamma-hch in bhc-a were cloned and analysed for their role in the degradation of delta-hch, and the initial conversion steps in delta-hch catabolism by lina and linb in b ... | 2007 | 17686029 |
| pentachlorophenol contaminated groundwater bioremediation using immobilized sphingomonas cells inoculation in the bioreactor system. | pentachlorophenol (pcp) has been used as a wood preservative for more than 100 years. the extensive use of pcp has widely contaminated soil and groundwater. pcp is toxic to living organisms. the main objective of this research was to inoculate the pure pcp-degrading bacterium strain sphingomonas chlorophenolica pcp-1, isolated from pcp-contaminated soils, into pcp-contaminated groundwater for remediation purposes. the factors that influenced the bioremediation were explored with batch experiment ... | 2008 | 17686581 |
| orchid-associated bacteria produce indole-3-acetic acid, promote seed germination, and increase their microbial yield in response to exogenous auxin. | germination of orchid seeds is a complex process. in this paper we focus on interactions between the host-plant and its bacterial partners via indole-3-acetic acid (iaa). originally isolated from the roots of the epiphytic orchid dendrobium moschatum, the strains of rhizobium, microbacterium, sphingomonas, and mycobacterium genera were among the most active iaa producers. addition of exogenous tryptophan significantly enhanced auxin formation both in mineral and complex media. the presence of ia ... | 2007 | 17687544 |
| changes in bacterial populations and in biphenyl dioxygenase gene diversity in a polychlorinated biphenyl-polluted soil after introduction of willow trees for rhizoremediation. | the aim of this study was to analyze the structural and functional changes occurring in a polychlorinated-biphenyl (pcb)-contaminated soil ecosystem after the introduction of a suitable host plant for rhizoremediation (salix viminalis). we have studied the populations and phylogenetic distribution of key bacterial groups (alpha- and betaproteobacteria, acidobacteria, and actinobacteria) and the genes encoding iron-sulfur protein alpha (ispalpha) subunits of the toluene/biphenyl dioxygenases in s ... | 2007 | 17693557 |
| biodegradation of diphenyl ether and transformation of selected brominated congeners by sphingomonas sp. ph-07. | polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) are common flame-retardant chemicals that are used in diverse commercial products such as textiles, circuit boards, and plastics. because of the widespread production and improper disposal of materials that contain pbdes, there has been an increasing accumulation of these compounds in the environment. the toxicity and bioavailability of pbdes are variable for different congeners, with some congeners showing dioxin-like activities and estrogenicity. the diph ... | 2007 | 17694301 |
| effects of the inoculant strain sphingomonas paucimobilis 20006fa on soil bacterial community and biodegradation in phenanthrene-contaminated soil. | the effects of the inoculant strain sphingomonas paucimobilis 20006fa (isolated from a phenanthrene-contaminated soil) on the dynamics and structure of microbial communities and phenanthrene elimination rate were studied in soil microcosms artificially contaminated with phenanthrene. the inoculant managed to be established from the first inoculation as it was evidenced by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis, increasing the number of cultivable heterotrophic and pah-degrading cells a ... | 2008 | 17694405 |
| isolation, identification, and degradation characteristics of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid-degrading strain sphingomonas sp. dp58. | a phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (pca)-degrading bacterium, strain dp58, was isolated from pimiento rhizosoil. based on morphology, physiologic tests, 16s rdna sequence, and phylogenetic characteristics, it was identified as sphingomonas sp. the pca-degradation experiments were conducted both in luria-bertani and inorganic salt medium at 28 degrees c. the relationship between bacterium growth and pca degradation suggested that strain dp58 could use pca as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen and ... | 2007 | 17700987 |
| second step of hydrolytic dehalogenation in haloalkane dehalogenase investigated by qm/mm methods. | mechanistic studies on the hydrolytic dehalogenation catalyzed by haloalkane dehalogenases are of importance for environmental and industrial applications. here, car-parrinello (cp) and oniom hybrid quantum-mechanical/molecular mechanics (qm/mm) are used investigate the second reaction step of the catalytic cycle, which comprises a general base-catalyzed hydrolysis of an ester intermediate (ei) to alcohol and free enzyme. we focus on the enzyme linb from sphingomonas paucimobilis ut26, for which ... | 2008 | 17729274 |
| differential responses of eubacterial, mycobacterium, and sphingomonas communities in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah)-contaminated soil to artificially induced changes in pah profile. | recent reports suggest that mycobacterium is better adapted to soils containing poorly bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) compared to sphingomonas. to study this hypothesis, artificial conditions regarding pah profile and pah bioavailability were induced in two pah-contaminated soils and the response of the eubacterial, mycobacterium, and sphingomonas communities to these changed conditions was monitored during laboratory incubation. soil k3663 with a relatively high proportion ... | 2007 | 17766819 |
| degradation of carbazole by microbial cells immobilized in magnetic gellan gum gel beads. | polycyclic aromatic heterocycles, such as carbazole, are environmental contaminants suspected of posing human health risks. in this study, we investigated the degradation of carbazole by immobilized sphingomonas sp. strain xldn2-5 cells. four kinds of polymers were evaluated as immobilization supports for sphingomonas sp. strain xldn2-5. after comparison with agar, alginate, and kappa-carrageenan, gellan gum was selected as the optimal immobilization support. furthermore, fe(3)o(4) nanoparticles ... | 2007 | 17827304 |
| unique diversity of carotenoid-producing bacteria isolated from misasa, a radioactive site in japan. | we obtained carotenoid-producing microorganisms at a high frequency from water samples collected at misasa (tottori, japan), a region known for its high natural radioactivity content. a comprehensive 16s rrna gene-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 104 potential carotenoid producers isolated from misasa could be classified into 38 different species belonging to seven bacterial classes (flavobacteria, sphingobacteria, alpha-proteobacteria, gamma-proteobacteria, deinococci, actinobacter ... | 2007 | 17828533 |
| isolation and characterization of phenanthrene-degrading strains sphingomonas sp. zp1 and tistrella sp. zp5. | two bacteria strains sphingomonas sp. strain zp1 and tistrella sp. strain zp5 were identified as phenanthrene-degrading ones, based on gram staining, oxydase reaction, biochemical tests, fame analysis, g+c content and 16s rdna gene sequence analysis. we isolated these two bacteria strains sphingomonas sp. zp1 and tistrella sp. zp5 from soil samples contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah)-containing waste from oil refinery field in shanghai, china. strain sphingomonas sp. zp1 was ... | 2008 | 17850962 |
| different bacterial groups for biodegradation of three- and four-ring pahs isolated from a hong kong mangrove sediment. | mangrove sediments have been found to degrade three- to four-ring pahs extensively. in the present study, 11 strains from 4 genera mycobacterium (3 strains), sphingomonas (5), terrabacter (2) and rhodococcus (1) were isolated from a single surface sediment sample of a hong kong mangrove swamp, among which the terrabacter strains were isolated to grow with fluoranthene for the first time. although all four genera could degrade three- and four-ring pahs, their in situ activities in natural sedimen ... | 2008 | 17868985 |
| ipso-substitution: a general biochemical and biodegradation mechanism to cleave alpha-quaternary alkylphenols and bisphenol a. | sphingobium xenophagum bayram is capable of metabolizing 4-alkoxyphenols and endocrine disruptive alpha-quaternary 4-nonylphenols by an ipso-substitution mechanism that involves ring hydroxylation at the site of the substituent. here, we show that bayram's ipso-hydroxylating activity was able to transform also bisphenol a (= dimethyl-4,4'-methylenediphenol; bpa) and 4-isopropylphenol. we identified six metabolites when resting cells of strain bayram were incubated with bpa. they were unambiguous ... | 2007 | 17886831 |
| identification of bacteria from clinical samples using bartonella alpha-proteobacteria growth medium. | in an effort to overcome historical problems associated with the isolation of bartonella species from animal and human blood samples, our laboratory developed a novel, chemically modified, insect-based, liquid culture medium (bartonella alpha-proteobacteria growth medium, bapgm). in this study, we describe the isolation of non-bartonella bacteria from aseptically obtained human blood and tissue samples that were inoculated into bapgm pre-enrichment culture medium, and were obtained during attemp ... | 2007 | 17889384 |
| hypothesized role of galactocerebroside and nkt cells in the etiology of multiple sclerosis. | according to the molecular mimicry theory, multiple sclerosis (ms) develops when the immune system mistakenly attacks a component of the myelin sheath that is structurally similar to a foreign epitope. the glycolipid galactocerebroside (galc) is a major component of myelin. as lipids comprise between 70% and 85% of myelin, glycolipids should be investigated as candidate autoantigens in ms. galc displays broad structural similarities to the borrelia burgdorferi glycolipid antigen bbgl-2 and to th ... | 2008 | 17889444 |
| identification of opda, a gene involved in biodegradation of the endocrine disrupter octylphenol. | octylphenol (op) is an estrogenic detergent breakdown product. structurally similar nonylphenols are transformed via type ii ispo substitution, resulting in the production of hydroquinone and removal of the branched side chain. nothing is known, however, about the gene(s) encoding this activity. we report here on our efforts to clone the gene(s) encoding op degradation activity from sphingomonas sp. strain pwe1, which we isolated for its ability to grow on op. a fosmid library of pwe1 dna yielde ... | 2007 | 17890335 |
| microbial degradation of the biocide polyhexamethylene biguanide: isolation and characterization of enrichment consortia and determination of degradation by measurement of stable isotope incorporation into dna. | to isolate micro-organisms capable of utilizing polyhexamethylene biguanide (phmb) as a sole source of nitrogen, and to demonstrate biodegradation of the biocide. | 2007 | 17897221 |
| purification and characterization of a three-component salicylate 1-hydroxylase from sphingomonas sp. strain chy-1. | in the bacterial degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), salicylate hydroxylases catalyze essential reactions at the junction between the so-called upper and lower catabolic pathways. unlike the salicylate 1-hydroxylase from pseudomonads, which is a well-characterized flavoprotein, the enzyme found in sphingomonads appears to be a three-component fe-s protein complex, which so far has not been characterized. here, the salicylate 1-hydroxylase from sphingomonas sp. strain chy-1 wa ... | 2007 | 17905882 |
| characterization of ligv essential for catabolism of vanillin by sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6. | the vanillin dehydrogenase gene (ligv), which conferred the ability to transform vanillin into vanillate on escherichia coli, was isolated from sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6. the ligv gene consists of a 1,440-bp open reading frame encoding a polypeptide with a molecular mass of 50,301 da. the deduced amino acid sequence of ligv showed about 50% identity with the known vanillin dehydrogenases of pseudomonas vanillin degraders. the gene product of ligv (ligv) produced in e. coli preferred nad+ t ... | 2007 | 17928721 |
| use of plate-wash samples to monitor the fates of culturable bacteria in mercury- and trichloroethylene-contaminated soils. | with the ultimate aim of developing bioremediation technology that use the optimum bacterial community for each pollutant, we performed polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) and phylogenetic analysis and identified communities of culturable bacteria in hgcl(2)- and trichloroethylene (tce)-contaminated soil microcosms. pcr-dgge band patterns were similar at 0 and 1 ppm hgcl(2), but changes in specific bands occurred at 10 ppm hgcl(2). band patterns appeari ... | 2007 | 17940764 |
| conversion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by sphingomonas sp. vkm b-2434. | a versatile bacterial strain able to convert polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) was isolated, and a conversion by the isolate of both individual substances and pah mixtures was investigated. the strain belonged to the sphingomonas genus as determined on the basis of 16s rrna analysis and was designated as vkm b-2434. the strain used naphthalene, acenaphthene, phenanthrene, anthracene and fluoranthene as a sole source of carbon and energy, and cometabolically oxidized fluorene, pyrene, benz[ ... | 2008 | 17957485 |
| analysis of both chitinase and chitosanase produced by sphingomonas sp. cj-5. | a novel chitinolytic and chitosanolytic bacterium, sphingomonas sp. cj-5, has been isolated and characterized. it secretes both chitinase and chitosanase into surrounding medium in response to chitin or chitosan induction. to characterize the enzymes, both chitinase and chitosanase were purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, sephadex g-200 gel filtration and deae-sepharose fast flow. sds-page analysis demonstrated molecular masses of chitinase and chitosanase were 230 kda and 45 kda respect ... | 2007 | 17973345 |
| nosocomial outbreak of sphingomonas paucimobilis bacteremia in a hemato/oncology unit. | nosocomial sphingomonas paucimobilis infections can arise from contaminated water and the contaminated hands of hospital staff. within a 1-month period, we isolated six s. paucimobilis strains, including four from blood cultures of four patients and two from hospital environment specimens including tap water and a bathtub in a hemato/oncology unit. we described here these strains' molecular epidemiological analyses by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and antibiotic susceptibilities by e-t ... | 2007 | 18032843 |
| isolation of hexachlorocyclohexane-degrading sphingomonas sp. by dehalogenase assay and characterization of genes involved in gamma-hch degradation. | to screen and identify bacteria from contaminated soil samples which can degrade hexachlorocyclohexane (hch)-isomers based on dechlorinase enzyme activity and characterize genes and metabolites. | 2008 | 18042212 |
| biphenyl-utilizing bacteria and their functional genes in a pine root zone contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). | bacteria and functional genes associated with biphenyl (bp) degradation in the root zone of an austrian pine (pinus nigra l.) growing naturally in polychlorinated-bp (pcb)-contaminated soil were identified using stable isotope probing (sip) integrated with comprehensive functional gene analyses. sip revealed 75 different genera that derived carbon from 13c-bp, with pseudonocardia, kribella, nocardiodes and sphingomonas predominating carbon acquisition. rhodococcus spp. were not detected with sip ... | 2007 | 18043623 |
| removal of organic load from olive washing water by an aerated submerged biofilter and profiling of the bacterial community involved in the process. | the present work aims to use a biofilter technology (aerated submerged filters) for the aerobic transformation at laboratory-scale of olive washing water (oww) generated in the first steps of olive oil processing, as well as the genetic profiling and identification to the species level of the bacteria involved in the formation of the biofilm, by means of tgge. chemical parameters, such as biological oxygen demand at five days (bod5) and chemical oxygen demand (cod), decreased markedly (up to 90 ... | 2007 | 18051300 |
| two bacterial entophytes eliciting both plant growth promotion and plant defense on pepper (capsicum annuum l.). | plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) have the potential to be used as microbial inoculants to reduce disease incidence and severity and to increase crop yield. some of the pgpr have been reported to be able to enter plant tissues and establish endophytic populations. here, we demonstrated an approach to screen bacterial endophytes that have the capacity to promote the growth of pepper seedlings and protect pepper plants against a bacterial pathogen. initially, out of 150 bacterial isolate ... | 2007 | 18051359 |
| [microbial diversity in scorpion intestine (buthus martensii karsch)]. | scorpion is an important officinal animal, and has a high nutritional value. in this study, the culture-independent and culture-dependent methods were used to investigate the microbial diversity in the scorpion's intestine. results based on culture-independent method showed the bacteria to be related to alpha, beta, gamma-proteobacteria. bacteria isolated by the culture-dependent method were high g + c, gram-positive bacteria. the genera enterobacter, serratia and ochrobactrum were detected by b ... | 2007 | 18062268 |
| decolorization of anthraquinone dye intermediate and its accelerating effect on reduction of azo acid dyes by sphingomonas xenophaga in anaerobic-aerobic process. | decolorization of 1-aminoanthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid (asa-2) and its accelerating effect on the reduction of azo acid dyes by sphingomonas xenophaga qyy were investigated. the study showed that asa-2 could be efficiently decolorized by strain qyy under aerobic conditions according to the analysis of total organic carbon removal and uv-vis spectra changes. moreover, strain qyy was able to reduce azo acid dyes under anaerobic conditions. the effects of various operating conditions such as carbon ... | 2008 | 18074231 |
| microbial degradation of chlorinated dioxins. | polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdd) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdf) were introduced into the biosphere on a large scale as by-products from the manufacture of chlorinated phenols and the incineration of wastes. due to their high toxicity they have been the subject of great public and scientific scrutiny. the evidence in the literature suggests that pcdd/f compounds are subject to biodegradation in the environment as part of the natural chlorine cycle. lower chlorinated dioxins can ... | 2008 | 18083210 |
| metabolic degradation of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid by the strain sphingomonas sp. dp58: the identification of two metabolites. | the biotransformation of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (pca) by pca-degrading strain sphingomonas sp. dp58 yielded small quantities of metabolites and was demonstrated for the first time. the metabolites were isolated by using preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). in addition, these were subsequently characterized by gas chromatography (gc)-mass spectrum (ms) after n,o-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (bstfa) derivatization and (1)h-nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr). they ... | 2008 | 18097645 |
| characterization of a novel angular dioxygenase from fluorene-degrading sphingomonas sp. strain lb126. | in this study, the genes involved in the initial attack on fluorene by sphingomonas sp. strain lb126 were investigated. the alpha and beta subunits of a dioxygenase complex (flna1-flna2), showing 63 and 51% sequence identity, respectively, to the subunits of an angular dioxygenase from the gram-positive dibenzofuran degrader terrabacter sp. strain dbf63, were identified. when overexpressed in escherichia coli, flna1-flna2 was responsible for the angular oxidation of fluorene, 9-hydroxyfluorene, ... | 2008 | 18156320 |
| intergeneric coaggregation among drinking water bacteria: evidence of a role for acinetobacter calcoaceticus as a bridging bacterium. | intergeneric coaggregation of drinking water bacteria was tested. acinetobacter calcoaceticus was found not only to autoaggregate but also to coaggregate with four of the five other isolates (burkholderia cepacia, methylobacterium sp., mycobacterium mucogenicum, sphingomonas capsulata, and staphylococcus sp.). in its absence, no coaggregation was found. interactions were lectin-saccharide mediated. the putative bridging function of a. calcoaceticus was evidenced by multispecies biofilm studies, ... | 2008 | 18156333 |
| sphingomonas insulae sp. nov., isolated from soil. | a gram-negative, motile and rod-shaped sphingomonas-like bacterial strain, ds-28(t), was isolated from the soil of dokdo, korea, and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. it grew optimally at around ph 6.5 and 25 degrees c in the presence of 0-0.5% nacl. it contained q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and c(18:1)omega7c, c(14:0) 2-oh and c(16:0) as the major fatty acids. major polar lipids were sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. th ... | 2008 | 18175714 |
| biodegradation of methyl t-butyl ether by aerobic granules under a cosubstrate condition. | aerobic granules efficient at degrading methyl tert-butyl ether (mtbe) with ethanol as a cosubstrate were successfully developed in a well-mixed sequencing batch reactor (sbr). aerobic granules were first observed about 100 days after reactor startup. treatment efficiency of mtbe in the reactor during stable operation exceeded 99.9%, and effluent mtbe was in the range of 15-50 microg/l. the specific mtbe degradation rate was observed to increase with increasing mtbe initial concentration from 25 ... | 2008 | 18183384 |
| the negative interaction between the degradation of phenanthrene and tricyclazole in medium, soil and soil/compost mixture. | to assess the co-catabolism of phenanthrene and tricyclazole in different samples, the interaction during the degradation of phenanthrene and tricyclazole were investigated in medium, soil and soil/spent mushroom compost (smc) mixture. generally, tricyclazole showed a negative influence on the activity of phenanthrene dioxygenase and it inhibited the degradation of phenanthrene prominently, both in cultures of phenanthrene catabolic isolates (sphingomonas paucimobilis zx4 and the mixed flora m1) ... | 2008 | 18189158 |
| crystal structure of a novel bacterial cell-surface flagellin binding to a polysaccharide. | bacterial flagellins are generally self-assembled into extracellular flagella for cell motility. however, the flagellin homologue p5 is found on the cell surface of sphingomonas sp. a1 (strain a1) and binds tightly to the alginate polysaccharide. to assimilate alginate, strain a1 forms a mouthlike pit on the cell surface and concentrates the polymer in the pit. p5 is a candidate receptor that recognizes extracellular alginate and controls pit formation. to improve our understanding of the struct ... | 2008 | 18189419 |
| diversity of endophytic bacterial communities in poplar grown under field conditions. | bacterial endophytes may be important for plant health and other ecologically relevant functions of poplar trees. the composition of endophytic bacteria colonizing the aerial parts of poplar was studied using a multiphasic approach. the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16s rrna genes demonstrated the impact of different hybrid poplar clones on the endophytic community structure. detailed analysis of endophytic bacteria using cultivation methods in combination with cl ... | 2008 | 18199082 |
| discovery of a bacterial gene cluster for catabolism of the plant hormone indole 3-acetic acid. | the isolation and annotation of an 8994-bp dna fragment from pseudomonas putida 1290, which conferred upon p. putida kt2440 the ability to utilize the plant hormone indole 3-acetic acid (iaa) as a sole source of carbon and energy, is described. this iac locus (for indole 3-acetic acid catabolism) was identified through analysis of a plasposon mutant of p. putida 1290 that was no longer able to grow on iaa or indole 3-acetaldehyde and was unable to protect radish roots from stunting by exogenousl ... | 2008 | 18205812 |
| bacterial diversity in synovial fluids of patients with tmd determined by cloning and sequencing analysis of the 16s ribosomal rna gene. | the purpose of this study was to examine the presence of bacteria in synovial fluids from patients with temporomandibular joint disorder (tmd) by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) targeting the 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene, followed by cloning and sequencing. | 2008 | 18206402 |
| identification and organization of genes for diutan polysaccharide synthesis from sphingomonas sp. atcc 53159. | a cluster of genes for diutan polysaccharide synthesis was isolated from a library of sphingomonas sp. atcc 53159 genomic dna by complementation of glucosyl-isoprenylphosphate transferase-deficient mutants of sphingomonas elodea atcc 31461 (producing gellan) and xanthomonas campestris (producing xanthan). the synthesis of polysaccharide in these strains shares a common first step, transfer of glucose-1-phosphate from udp-glucose to the isoprenylphosphate lipid. the cluster of 24 genes was compar ... | 2008 | 18210176 |
| effect of rhamnolipids on degradation of anthracene by two newly isolated strains, sphingomonas sp. 12a and pseudomonas sp. 12b. | anthracene is a pah that is not readily degraded, plus its degradation mechanism is still not clear. thus, two strains of bacteria-degrading bacteria were isolated from longterm petroleum-polluted soil and identified as sphingomonas sp. 12a and pseudomonas sp. 12b by a 16s rrna sequence analysis. to further enhance the anthracene-degrading ability of the two strains, the biosurfactants produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa w3 were used, which were characterized as rhamnolipids. it was found that th ... | 2008 | 18239418 |
| effect of electrokinetic transport on the vulnerability of pah-degrading bacteria in a model aquifer. | there has been increasing interest in employing electro-bioremediation, a hybrid technology of bioremediation and electrokinetics, to overcome the low bioavailability of hydrophobic organic contaminants (hoc) by homogenizing sorption-retarded hoc and immobilised microorganisms. present electro-remediation approaches mainly aim at macroscale pollutant extraction and tend to neglect possible impacts of direct current (dc) on the physiology of microorganisms. the effect of weak electric fields (x = ... | 2008 | 18253840 |
| biodegradation potential and bacterial diversity of a petrochemical wastewater treatment plant in iran. | an activated sludge treatment was evaluated for its effectiveness in cleaning up a petrochemical wastewater in iran. for assessing biodegradation potential of activated sludge, seven characteristics of wastewater (temperature, ph, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, concentrations of ethylene dichloride, vinyl chloride, and total hydrocarbons) were monitored during six months. it was shown that dominant pollutants in order of magnitude were normal-alkanes (c(10)-c(21)), aromatics, and poly ... | 2008 | 18255283 |
| superchannel of bacteria: biological significance and new horizons. | sphingomonas species a1 is a newly identified pit-forming bacterium that directly incorporates a macromolecule (alginate) into its cytoplasm through a pit-dependent transport system, which we termed a superchannel. a pit is a novel, high-dimensional organ acquired through the fluidity and reconstitution of cell surface molecules, including flagellin, and through cooperation with the transport machinery in the cells, which confers upon bacterial cells a more efficient way to secure and assimilate ... | 2008 | 18256495 |
| extracellular polysaccharides produced by cooling water tower biofilm bacteria and their possible degradation. | the extracellular polymers (eps) of biofilm bacteria that can cause heat and mass transfer problems in cooling water towers in the petrochemical industry were investigated. in addition, these microorganisms were screened for their ability to grow and degrade their own eps and the eps of other species. twelve bacteria producing the most eps were isolated from cooling water towers and characterized biochemically by classic and commercial systems. these were species of pseudomonas, burkholderia, ae ... | 2008 | 18256966 |
| factors affecting the microbial populations at full-scale enhanced biological phosphorus removal (ebpr) wastewater treatment plants in the netherlands. | the influence of operating and environmental conditions on the microbial populations of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (ebpr) process at seven full-scale municipal activated sludge wastewater treatment plants (wwtps) in the netherlands was studied. data from the selected wwtps concerning process configuration, operating and environmental conditions were compiled. the ebpr activity from each plant was determined by execution of anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic batch tests using fresh activate ... | 2008 | 18272198 |
| structural characterization of the exopolysaccharide ps-ediv from sphingomonas pituitosa strain dsm 13101. | members of the bacterial genus sphingomonas are known to produce highly viscous polysaccharides in solution. the exopolysaccharide ps-ediv was produced by sphingomonas pituitosa strain dsm 13101, purified using centrifugation, and precipitation and its structure was elucidated by 1d and 2d nmr techniques and chemical microderivatization combined with various mass spectrometric techniques. the following repeating unit of the polysaccharide could be identified: [formula: see text]. in addition, th ... | 2008 | 18286278 |
| overlaps between the various biodegradation pathways in sphingomonas subarctica sa1. | a bacterium capable to grow on sulfanilic acid as sole carbon, nitrogen and sulfur source has been isolated. a unique feature of this strain is that it contains the full set of enzymes necessary for the biodegradation of sulfanilic acid. taxonomical analysis identified our isolate as sphingomonas subaretica sa1 sp. the biodegradation pathway of sulfanilic acid was investigated at the molecular level. screening the substrate specificity of the strain disclosed its capacity to degrade six analogou ... | 2007 | 18297793 |
| a case of postoperative sphingomonas paucimobilis endophthalmitis after cataract extraction. | to report a case of an acute onset of delayed postoperative endophthalmitis that was caused by sphingomonas paucimobilis. | 2008 | 18323709 |
| real-time pcr quantification of pah-ring hydroxylating dioxygenase (pah-rhdalpha) genes from gram positive and gram negative bacteria in soil and sediment samples. | real-time pcr based assays were developed to quantify gram positive (gp) and gram negative (gn) bacterial populations that are capable of degrading the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) in soil and sediment samples with contrasting contamination levels. these specific and sensitive real-time pcr assays were based on the quantification of the copy number of the gene that encodes the alpha subunit of the pah-ring hydroxylating dioxygenases (pah-rhdalpha), involved in the initial step of the a ... | 2008 | 18329116 |
| denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of bacterial community profiles in the rhizosphere of cry1ac-carrying brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis. | the effect of genetically modified (gm) brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (chinese cabbage) expressing bt toxin gene (cry1ac) to the rhizosphere bacterial community was examined using the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) fingerprinting method. from the visual comparison of the dgge profiles, there were no significant differences between the profiles of bt and control rhizosphere in both suwon and yesan samples. from the sequence analysis of the individual bands, sphingomonas sp. of a ... | 2008 | 18337686 |
| construction of a genetically engineered and stable strain of degrading gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane and carbendazim by transposon mini-tn5. | the complete dehydrochlorinase gene lina of a gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-hch) degrading strain sphingomonas sp. bhc-a, containing promoter and shine-dalgarno sequence (sd sequence), was amplified by pcr. the lina gene was inserted into noti-cut transposon vector put/mini-tn5 (km(r)) to get a novel transposon vector put/mini-tn5-lina. with the helper plasmid rk600, the transposon vector put/mini-tn5-lina was introduced into one carbendazim degrading gram-positive strain rhodococcus sp. dj ... | 2008 | 18338575 |
| efficient microbial degradation of bisphenol a in the presence of activated carbon. | the biodegradation of bisphenol a (bpa) was carried out with sphingomonas sp. strain bp-7 and sphingomonas yanoikuyae bp-11r in the presence of activated carbon (ac). when ac was present, both bpa-degrading bacteria efficiently degraded 300 mg/l bpa without releasing 4-hydroxyacetophenone, the major intermediate produced in bpa degradation, into the medium. the biological regeneration of ac was possible using the bpa-degrading bacteria, suggesting that an efficient system for bpa removal can be ... | 2008 | 18343344 |
| microbial degradation of 7-ketocholesterol. | 7-ketocholesterol (7kc) is an oxidized derivative of cholesterol suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and possibly alzheimer's disease. while some oxysterols are important biological mediators, 7kc is generally cytotoxic and interferes with cellular homeostasis. despite recent interest in preventing the accumulation of 7kc in a variety of matrices to avoid adverse biological effects, its microbial degradation has not been previously addressed in the peer-reviewed liter ... | 2008 | 18344006 |
| phylogenetic diversity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in mangrove sediments assessed by pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. | culture-independent pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) was employed to assess the composition of diazotroph species from the sediments of three mangrove ecosystem sites in sanya, hainan island, china. a strategy of removing humic acids prior to dna extraction was conducted, then total community dna was extracted using the soil dna kit successfully for nifh pcr amplification, which simplified the current procedure and resulted in good dgge profiles. the results revealed a novel ni ... | 2008 | 18347779 |
| structure-function studies on the active site of the coelenterazine-dependent luciferase from renilla. | renilla luciferase (rluc) is a versatile tool for gene expression assays and in vivo biosensor applications, but its catalytic mechanism remains to be elucidated. rluc is evolutionarily related to the alpha/beta hydrolase family. its closest known homologs are bacterial dehalogenases, raising the question of how a protein with a hydrolase fold can function as a decarboxylating oxygenase. molecular docking simulations with the coelenterazine substrate against an rluc homology model as well as a r ... | 2008 | 18359861 |
| de novo synthesis of a d-galacturonic acid thioglycoside as key to the total synthesis of a glycosphingolipid from sphingomonas yanoikuyae. | a concise synthesis of a differentially protected d-galacturonic acid (d-gala) thioglycoside and the construction of a potent immunomodulating glycosphingolipid are described. the key steps of the synthesis are an evans aldol reaction between a c4 aldehyde and a pmb-protected glycolyloxazolidinone as well as a tandem-pmb-deprotection/cyclization to thioglycosides. the key glycosylation step is optimized by varying the anomeric leaving group, the activating agent, and the solvent system. | 2008 | 18363404 |
| severe hypoglycemia associated with use of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in a patient with chronic renal insufficiency. | | 2008 | 18364403 |
| quantitative structure-activity relationships for kinetic parameters of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biotransformation. | quantitative structure-activity relationships (qsars) were developed for three monod-type parameters--qmax, ks, and qmax/ks--that express the kinetics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) biotransformation by sphingomonas paucimobilis strain epa505. the training sets contained high-quality experimental values of the kinetic parameters for 20 unsubstituted and methylated pahs as well as values of 41 meaningful molecular descriptors. a genetic function approximation algorithm was used to devel ... | 2008 | 18366261 |